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Area 1: Theory
Area 2: Methodology
Area 3: Systems
Area 4: Skills
Area 5: Resources
Area 6: Assessment
Mock examina몭ons
M1 Revision course Delta Module One Course
Paper 1: overview
Paper 2: overview
Prac몭ce for Paper 1
Prac몭ce for Paper 2
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The Delta index
Syllabus area 4
Language skills and learners’
problems
This sec몭on of the syllabus covers these areas and you should
be able to:
To be able to do this you need a knowledge of these areas. The following and the guides linked
from here are those on this site which cover the areas. You should follow those you need and then
return to this page to try some tests of your knowledge.
This is another large area of the syllabus because you are being asked to know about all skills and all
the possible issues that can arise when learning, applying or teaching the skills. Then you are asked
to consider the methodological implica몭ons of the issues.
There is more to using a language than knowing about its systems and its lexis. We need to be able
to teach people how to deploy this knowledge by using language to achieve their aims. It is here
that the specific and explicit teaching and development of the four main skills comes into play.
Although there are considerable differences between the recep몭ve and produc몭ve skills as well as
between reading, listening, speak and wri몭ng, there are also commonali몭es in terms of the ways
we process informa몭on and the ways we communicate informa몭on.
For example, a knowledge of formality, hedging, modality and register‐specific language will aid
both speaking and wri몭ng appropriately but will also inform the ways we understand what we read
and hear.
It is also true that a knowledge of how to approach listening to or reading a foreign language will
inform how we structure wri몭ng and speaking.
These guides are intended to help people understand the dis몭nc몭ve features as well as their
interconnec몭ons and commonali몭es.
Time presses
You probably have limited 몭me and there are lots of guides in the list below. You need to focus on
the skills with which you are the least familiar first and, if you have 몭me, come back to the others.
To help you iden몭fy what you need to know, try this task:
1. Download and print the worksheet for this task.
2. Dredge up what you already know about the four main language skills
and fill in the gaps in the text.
Now click here for the answers and some comments.
Here is a list of all the guides relevant to this area. From the skills index (new tab), there are links
to teaching and assessing in the area.
Syllabus areas Guides to these areas
Features of language skills (e.g. in terms of Teaching language skills
subskills, strategies) and associated texts (e.g. in
terms of genre, complexity, intended audience) Reading skills
and terminology; applica몭on of analysis to
Wri몭ng skills
teaching purposes
(The first link on the right takes you to an Speaking skills
overview concerned with teaching language
skills in general.) Listening skills
Problems learners face in achieving success in Phrase structure
skills work
(All the skills guides cover this area in one way or Clause structure
another but the links here are helpful in terms of
bo몭om‐up processing.) Syntax: phrases, clauses and sentences index
Style and register
Cohesion
Shell nouns
Literacy in different ELT contexts
Genre analysis
The index to guides to English for Academic
Purposes
Reference sources for skills analysis Skills references
Where next?
Once you have worked your way through the guides and done some research, it's 몭me to test your
knowledge in these areas and then do some revision exercises.
If you have followed the guides in the skills analysis sec몭ons, you'll have done lots of tests along the
way so there are a few repeated here and a few new ones.
Here are the choices:
A set of tests to check what you can remember. Do these first.
Revision course there is a sec몭on of the Delta Module One Revision Course for this area of the
index syllabus
Examina몭on apply the knowledge you have gained to prac몭sing for the examina몭on (new
prac몭ce tab)
course index exam prac몭ce
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