AFIRMATIVE STATEMENTS WITH BE. ~ Learn: the verb be (am, is, are) is used with: 1L Noun phrases: | am a student. 2. Adjective phrases: He is tall. 3.- Adverbial phrases: You are in Mexico. 4- special conditions: He is 18 years old lam hungry They are cold She is fat. Use a or an, with si ular form nouns o} ‘an is used before nouns with an initial vowel sound. Example: an apple is used before nouns with an initial consonant sound. Example: a book Read and complete: aoran 1-Joshis_ teacher. 3-She is_nurse. 5.-Heis___English Instructor. Teltis___old book. 9.-1am ___ janitor, Page 1 2-You are___ architect. 4-Itis___ edt. 6=1am___mechanic. 8-Youare__ pilot. 10.- Look!_ ostrich.Subject pronouns and be Normal —__. [Contractions Tam Tm You are You're He is He's = she is She's = itis its Weare Were You are You're They are - Theyre Pr +noun 1 a student 2-You___ateacher 3-He__an engineer 4-She__a nurse 5 It___aninsect 6-We __ students 7. You___ teachers 8-They_ doctors. Practice be+ ase, 1e1__ short 2-You__tall 3-He___inteligent -She__nice S-It__fat 6-We__happy 7-You__sad 8. They__long Practice be + adverbial 1-1__ from Mexico 2-You_from San Antonio 4;She___inMonterrey _5.-It___inthe room 7-You__in Saltillo 8.-They__at the window Practice be +. ion: Note: “have” is not used in these situations 1-1__hungry .- You_early 3-He__ 4-She ___ thirsty 5 It__sleepy 6-We__| 7-You____ 20yearsold. 8+They__hot Page 2 3-He___inclass 6-We __here late coldNew pattern Be_[ SUBJECT ‘COMPLEMENT ‘SHORT ANSWER 1s__[Robert | a goodstudent ? Yes, he is ‘Are_| you ‘a teacher ? Yes, am i Is | Susan _| 16 years old? No, she fs not No, she isn't "Note: A question asked to” you" in singular is answered with” I". A question asked to “you" in plural is answered with “wet ae Learn: a) Use BE,AM,|IS,ARE before the subject to make questions. b) Questions are answered with complete or short. answers c). Short answers are more common ' 4) Short, answers are formed with yes/no, a pronoun and the corresponding formn of be. Example: Yes, we are. / No, we aren't. / No, |am not, +e), Negative answers use “no” at the beginning and “not” after be. x No, we aren’t f) Contractions are not used in affirmative short answers Negative contractions Tam not Fmnot - You are not ‘You're not You aren't He is not He's not He isn’t She is not ‘She's not She isn’t? It is not It’s not Itisn’t We are not ‘We're not We aren't You are not You're not You aren't They are not They're not They aren't Change the following sentences to questions. Follow the example. Ex. Theyare hungry. ARE THEY HUNGRY ? 1. They are nurses. ? Pages- You are sad. 3 They are long. 4 We are from Monterrey. 5.- He is 20 years old. 6.- Ibis fat, 7. They are at the 8.-You are tired. She is thirsty. 10.- You are from Mexico. ‘Answer the questions with short answers. Follow the example. Ex. Are they lawyers? No, they aren’t. Is she a nurse? Yes she's, a Ishe adentis? Yes Gels Bettyateacher? Yes, 2 Are you hungry? (singular) No,_. ToArethey in ass? Yes, , Bclsshe 16 yearsold? —Yes,__,__&cIsRobertinteligent? No, 41s Rose tred? No, 9-Isitaninsect? No, . 5 Are you happy? plural) Yes,__._10.-Are they from Mexico? No, New pattern “ Bee NOT SUBECT complement), She Tent fst a student 7 They Se are not /aren't Doctors Page 4Change the affirmative sentences to negative. Follaw the examples. Ex. We are students. We are not teachers He is tired. He is not sleepy. 1-Heisanurse. a dentist. 2.- They are from Houston. _____ from Mexico City. j= Susan is tired. _ hungry. 4-Peteris an architect. ___alawyer. 5.-Robert is hungry. _ thirsty. 6.- She is a teacher. a student. j=Maryissad.___ happy. &.-We are in Monterrey. Guanajuato. 9. The girl is in class. in her room. 10.- He is from New York. from Chicago. WH —Question words ‘WH- WORD BE ‘SUBIECT ‘Who. is Mary? What is ‘She? Examples. Who is Mary? She isa girl. What is she? P She isa student. Where is she? She is in class. Where is she from? She is from Canada. How ald is she? She is 19 years old, Page SLearn: WH ~words (question words) ‘Who - persons (identification) What ~ professions, things, etc. (classification) Where ~ places (location) Where ... from ~ place of origin How old-age Hoo ~ Come WH: words are used to begin questions. Complete with question words. Read the answer. Follow the examples. x. Where is Robert? He isin class. How old is Peter? He is 13 years old. 1 Is she? She Is in New York. 2 is John? He is a doctor. 3, are they 2 They are from Houston 4. is she? She is Margaret. 8. are they? They are students. 6. 1e? He isin the cafeteria, 7. is at the window? Susan is at the window. 8, Is Andres? He is 20 years old. ‘are you__? I'm from Coahuila. 10- is on the telephone? Betty is on the telephone. Reading: AT SCHOOL. Betty, John and Robert are students. They are at UTE Technical School. John and Robert are in class. Betty is not in class, she is at the cafeteria. John and Betty are from Galeana. Robert Is from Escobedo, John and Robert are 22 years old. Betty is 19 years old. Page 61. What are Betty, John and Robert? allawyers —bjdoctors.—_“c}students 2.- Where are John and Robert? a)in Mexico City by inclass Jat the cafeteria 3. Who is not in class? a) Betty bylohn ‘Robert 4 Where are John and Betty from? a) Guanajuato b) Galeana €) Guadalajara 5.- How old are Robert and John? a) 15 years old ) 22 years old )19 years old 6.- How old is Betty? a) 19 years old b) 17 years old €)23 years old ut the words in order to make questions and answers. 1 do/you/What/do/? 2.-am/a/doctor//. 3-What/she/do/does/? Acpilot/is/a/She/. 5.-do/What/they/do/? are/attendants/they/flight/. Rewrite the sentences. Replace the underlined words with he, it, she, we or you. Example : Who are Linda and Tony? Who are they? 4.- Are you and Peter Engineers? 2.- What does Alicia do? Page 73.-Where is Fred from? 41 Are you andin this cass? 5.-Where are Andres and Juan Carlos? 6-You and Ana are computer programmers. Tels English difficult? 8.- Are Canada and The U.S.A. big countries? Check point. Grammar connect 1 Are you Germany? 3-Where.__ from? 5. do you spell that? 71m Salinas Victoria. 9 Excuse _. Are you Mauricio Ortegon? 11 Nice to_-__ you, 13-Hi, Alex are you? 15.Is your, Juan? 17.-__ is Apodaca. “it’s in N.L, Mexico, 19- is the capital of Nuevo Leon? 21-"ls Abdu a teacher? No, he. x you in this class? Page 8 21 Maria Spanish? Yes,___is. 4, is your name? 1 6 Is George from Brazil? No, he 8.-Where __he from? 10--Hi name is Fernanda. 12.-Juan this__ Brenda. 14-|__ the new technician, 16. Js your telephone number? 18.-Is Roberto a doctor? No, he. 20.- "Hello, Abdias” morning: 2 is this in Engfish?-“It’s a pen: « 24.-Is this the English class? Yes, __is.SIMPLE PRESENT. LEARN: IF A VERB HAS A FINAL: 0,S5,SH,CH,X,ZZ ADD “ES” WHEN CONJUGATING HESHE, OR IT, THE REST OF THE SUBJECT PRONOUNS REMAIN THE SAME. 89 kiss, wash watch, fix buzz He goes fle kisses washes watches fixes bunzes She goes _ kisses washes watches fixes buzzes Itgoes kisses washes watches fixes buzzes IE-THE VERB ENDS IN “€” JUST ADD “s” Dance os He dances She dances Itdances IE THE VERB ENDS IN “Y” PRECEEDED BY A CONSONANT, DROP “Y” “tes” copy study He copies studies ; She copies studies I copies. studies. ‘Any other verb not having this ending just add “s” Work He works She works tt works page 9‘TWO VERBS HAVE IRREGULAR “S” FORMS. BE=15, HAVE = HAS ADD THE CORRESPONDING ENDING TO THE FOLLOWING VERBS. ANSWER, FINISH SING I ‘ARRIVE FIX SLEEP. ASK. FLY SPEAK ‘ATTEND FORGET, TELL BRUSH. GET UP, Visit ‘COMB. HAVE WAIT FOR CRY HELP WAKE UP. DANCE, KNOW. WASH DIRECT. LUKE. WATCH DRESS. LUSTEN COPY. DRIVE. LOVE. STUDY DO. MAKE, DRY. EAT. NEED. ‘WORK, GO ‘OPEN. STAY ENIOY. REST PLAY. FINISH sir. COME. Complete with the simple form or with the “S” form of the verbs in parenthesis. Follow the examples. (swirm) adrian _very well (like) My children _ ice cream Adrian swims very well. (drive) My father _carefully My father drives carefully. 1L-(live) Ana_near the church. 10-(listen) She__ attentively. 2 (help) | my mother every day. 11- (know) My friend you. 3. (do) She her work wel 12.-(rest) Ana inthe afternoon. 4-(enjoy) They__American songs. 13.-(eat) Myfamily__lunch at 12. 4 5. (sit) Bob. near me. 14. (have) My cousin anewtiome: 6. (have) The lady _two cars. 15--(speak) They five languages. Page 107-- (answer) Many students rapidly. 16.-(love) My sister chocolates. 8. (need) | ‘anew car. 17-(sleep) | eight hours a day. 9 (get up) My mother early. 18 (have) Linda._a nice compact car. ‘THE SIMPLE PRESENT: NEGATIVE A) [don’t drink coffee. Negative: T We don’t drink coffee. You don’t drink coffee. A They don’t drink coffee. oll a PBs a vars 8) He doesn’t drink coffee. they She doesn’t drink coffee. It doesn’t rain every day. he she + doesn’t+ main verb it Do and Does are called helping verbs Notice: In” person singular, there is no “s” on the ‘Main verb. The final “s” is part of does. ©) don’t drink tea Contractions: do not = don’t They don’t drink tea D) He doesn’t drink tea Mary doesn’t have a car People usually use contractions when they speak, People use contractions when they write. Use the verbs from the list to complete the sentences. Make s all the sentences negative by using doesn’t or don’t. carry, do, make, put on, drink, shave, eat, smoke, go, speak. Page 11Example: 1+ Bob doesn’t go to school every day. 2. my roommates, speak English. 3. Mauricio has a beard. He in the morning. 4 Brenda has a briefcase. She a bookbag to class. 5-We to class on Saturday. 6.- Sally takes care of her health, She igarette 7 Fernando and Abdias have lunch at home. They 8. Sometimes | my homework. 9-Juan is a careful writer He mistakes in spelling when he writes. 10.-My sister coffee. 11. Sometimes Ana her make up. 12am lazy. exercises in the morning. Complete the sentences. Use the words in parentheses. Use the simple present. Example: 1L- Jesus (like) likes coffee, he (like not) doesn’t lke tea, 2. Ana (know) Humberto , but she (know not), Abdu. 3. Alex and Juan Carlos (want)__ to stay home tonight to watch a movie, they (want not) go to the cinema. 4. Samuel (be not) He (want not) a sandwich. 5.-Jesus (drink not) coffee, but Carlos (drink) twelve cups every day. 6-| (be not) rich. I (have not) a lot of money. ; 7. This pen (belong not) tome. It (belong) to Luis Angel. : 8.- My friends (live not) in the dorm, They (have) ‘an apartment. Page 129.-It (be) _a nice day today. It (be not) cold. You (need not) ‘your coat. 10.- Today (be} a holiday. We (have not) have class today. Thesimple present yes no questions. ‘auestion sonranswer | d01 10/005 + SUBIECT+ MAIN VERS. Do they A do you the coffee? | Yes 0 No, tgon't oes be oes se + main verd 5} Does Carlos Andres ite coffee? ——|vesshedoes | Doesit-_ simple frm No,nedocs't | Note: in Bl the main ver inthe question We) doesnot have afinal"S'the final" is part oes, Make questions. Give short answers. 1A) Do you like tea? 8) Yes, Ido. (Ike tea) 2A) 5) eee ese (I dont Wee covTec) 3A) ? 8) (J don’t speak Japanese) a a) fama speaks French) Page 13,SA) ? 8) (lose Guadalupe and Juan Manuel don’t speak Arabic) 6A) ? 8) {10 exercises every morning) 7-4), ? 8), (1 don’t have a Spanish English dictionary) 8A) ? she has aco) 9-A\, ? “By (the teacher comes to class every day) 10-4) ? 8) (Mauro and Juan Carlos don’t do their homework every day, sal vs ay fe OME ye UN Hn ae oo Moora ; Page 14‘The simple present: asking questions with Where : Question Short answer Where + does / do +subject + main verb + complement a) Does he ~—tive.-—in Chicago? Yes, he does No, he doesn’t b) Where does he live? He lives in Chicago a Do they — study _—at the library? Rete No, they don’t 4) Where do they — study? They study at the rary Make questions. . A: Does Juan Manuel eat lunch at the cafeteria every day? B: Yes, he does. (Juan Manuel eats lunch at the cafeteria every day) 2.- A: Where does Juan Manuel eat lunch every day ? B: At the cafeteria, (Juan Manuel eats lunch at the cafeteria every day) BoA: : ? B: Yes, they do. (Juan Carlos and Mauro live in Nuevo Leon. 4: 2 B: In Escobedo, (Juan Manuel and Mauro live in Escobedo) Page 15,SoA: ? B: Yes, he does. (Abdias work as a technician) 6A: ? B: In Takata. (Abdias works as a technician in Takata) Tok 2 B:Yes, | do, (live in the dormitory) 8A: ? B: In the dormitory (| ive in the dormitory) 9A: 2 B: At a department store. (| buy my clothes at a department store. 10. ? B: At a restaurant. (Fernando eats dinner at a restaurant every ¢ay) 1A: ? B: In the front row. (sit in the front row during class) 2. 2 B: At the Technical University Mariano Escobedo (Joe goes to school at the Technical University Mariano Escobedo} Use either is/are or do/does in your questions B. }: On my desk.(My book is on my desk) 14 -A: ? B: To class. (Igo to class every afternoon) 15-A: 2 B: In Nuevo Leon. (Salinas Victoria is in Nuevo Leon) 16- A: 2 8: In Galeana. (My uncle lives in Galeana) Page 16IEA: B: To the park. (I go to the park on weekends) 18. A: B: In class. (the students are in class right now) The simple present: asking questions. With when and what time. Question ‘Question word + does/do + subject + main verb (When / What time) ‘a When do you gotoclass? b-Whattime do —-you_—gotoclass? c- When does Jose _ have dinner? does Jose have dinner? Make questions. Notice the position of usually: IN WORD + DOES/DO + SUBJECT + + 1L- A: When/What time do you eat breakfast ? B: At 7:30. (I eat breakfast at 7:30 in the morning) 2.- A: When/What time do you usually eat breakfast ? B: At7:30. (| usually eat breakfast at 730) BoA: At 9 o'clock At 9 o'clock Atsixp.m. At six p.m. + COMPLEMENT. B: At 7:00. (I usually get up at 7:00) Page 174k: Br At 7:00. (I get up at seven) Sols ? B: At 8:15. (the movie starts at 8:15) 6A > B:At half past ~ twelve. (I usually eat lunch at half — past twelve) Teh 2 B: At 9:05. (the train leaves at 9:05) BAA: ? B: At 5:30, (the restaurant opens at 5:30) 9K: ? 8B: Around eleven. (I usually go to bed around eleven) 10. 8: Between 6:30 and 8:00. (I usually eat dinner between 6:30 and 8:00) A: 8; At 10:00 p.m. (the library closes at 10:00 p.m. on Saturday) 24 B: At 6:00 p.m. (My classes begin at 6:00 p.m.) Make questions use: WHEN or WHAT TIME. 1- get up. ? 2: eat breakfast ? 3-leave home in the morning. ? Page 184. usually get to class. ? 5.-eat lunch, 6.-g0 back home. 7. get home. 8-have dinner. 2 9.- usually study in the evening. ? 10.- go to bed. Written exercise Instructions: Interview a friend or a classmate about his or her daily routine . Use the information from the interview to write a composition. 1 What do you do every morning? 2. What do you do every afternoon? 3.- What do you do every evening? 4. What do you do after class? 5.-When do you play soccer? 6-Where do you work ? Your composition: Every morning, Inthe afternoon Inthe evening. After class. He /She plays soccer on weekends. He / She Page 19Complete the text with verbs from the box. Be carefull Two verbs are negative, think live have know eat fly study Ive Spiders all 1) six legs and some spiders are dangerous. They 2) in many different places and they 3) insects. Tarantula spiders 4) for twenty years. Some scientists 5) spiders. They 6) (net) the total number of spiders but they 7) that there are more than 30,000 different kinds. Spiders (not). Complete the text using the verbs in parentheses. Maria (come) from Monterrey. She (live) in La Unidad Modelo area and she (work) ina factory. She is a supervisor there. In her free time she (play) several different sports with her friends and (go) to the movies with her boyfriend Samuel. Samuel is a student. He (study) at UTE and he is very intereste: Industrial Maintenance Area. Write questions to go with the answers, You: Ana who is your best friend? ‘Ana: His name is Luis Angel. You: ? ‘Ana: He’s a student. You: 2 ‘Ana: He lives in Apodaca. You: 2 ‘Ana: Yes, he does. He thinks Apodaca is marvelous. You: ? ‘Ana: Here at the UTE. Page 20You: ? ‘Ana: He listens to music and reads books. You: ? ‘Ana: Yes, he does he has a Tsuru, LIKES AND DISLIKES. ‘Some verbs in English are used as nouns, e.g. swimming, fishing, cycling, reading. ‘These verbs are called the gerund and end in “ing”. Sometimes there isan object after the gerund, for example: playing football, watching television. Many verbs in English are followed by the gerund. Here are some of them: LOVE, LIKE, ENJOY,HATE, CAN'T STAND. | ike:football but | don’t like tennis. Whei you want to talk about the things you like (or like doing), you can use phrases like these: love pop music r really lke Football 1 Tike joing for walks enjoy watching television ‘quite like Dancing, When you want to talk about things you don’t like (or don’t like doing), you can say. don’t really like English food don’t really enjoy classical music don’t like ‘watching football hate ‘getting up earl 1 ‘can't stand ‘wearing a tie don’t like coffee very much don’t like dogs very much z don’t fiying very much, don’t like writing letters very much Page 21Complete the following sentences, 1. Food 2. Clothes 3. Pop group 4. Type of book 5- Sport 6 School subject 1 Food 2 Clothes 3. Pop group 4 Type of book 5 Jose Jesus (wear) blue jeans today. He (wear) blue jeans every day. 5. (study) English every day. I'm in class now. | (study) English. 6.-I'm in class now. | (look) at my classmates. Brenda (write) inher book. Ana (look) out of the window suan Carlos (bite) his pencil. Carlos Andres (mile) Humberto (sleep) Mauricio (chew) gum. 7 The person on the bench in the picture above is Ana. She’s an accountant. She (work) for the government. She (have) an hour for lunch every day. She (eat, often) lunch in the park. She (bring, usually) a sandwich, some fruit with her to the park. She (st, usually) ‘ona bench, but sometimes she (sit) on the grass. While she’s at the park, she (watch) Page 52people and animals. She (watch) joggers and squirrels. She (relax) when she eats at the park. 8.- Right now I (look) at a picture of Ana. She (be, not) at home in the picture. She (be) at the park. She (sit) on a bench. She (eat) her lunch. Some joggers (run) fon a path through the park. A ) ‘on the ground in front of Ana, The squirrel (eat) squirrel ( Annut. Ana (watch) the squirrel. She (watch, always) squirrels when she eats lunch in the park. Some ducks (swim) in the pond in the picture, and some birds (fy) in the sky. A police officer (ride) a horse. He (ride) a horse through the park every day. Near Ana, a family (have) picnic every week. ic. They (go) ona Page 53PREPOSITIONS OF PLACE Location.expressions. ‘on First Street on the corner of Main and First across (the street) from opposite Page 54Answer these questions. 1L- Where isthe supermarket ? 2.-Where isthe bank ? 3.-Where isthe post office ? 4 where is the coffee bar ? 5.- Where is the church? Page 55 futiue) Coorge Street — Re) [acer = [Post ‘ice Romi TE oma) 4 nel mT a v la Long Road __ SUPERMARKET. Ws tothe ws from the ws, the and the Its onthe stand st son st(forsee) ota (Ib (Restaurant Ys. fizeeront> [“] fae) freee agency ‘Museum 1 gration Look at the map. Work with a partner. Ask and answer questions aboutit. Example: A: Where is the library? BB: It's next to the travel agency. PRESENT PROGRESSIVE AS FUTURE.Asking questions about future plans When you want to ask someone about his or her (or another person’s) future plans, you can ask questions like these: (a) Questions that can be answered by Yes or No question answer —r Tt T i Are you! | your | ram. | i1'mact 1s HE {going to wash {his | hair tonight? | J Yes, | he is. [No, | he isnt S 1 she | [her | | shes. | she ism’ ee it ! 1 + t pEAre you |1am \1'm not. s| Be | walking home tonight? Yes, | he is. |No, | he isn’t. S| she | | she is. | she isn’t. ! i : - 1 Do you think you'll go to the party tonight? | Tethink so. | Yes, | Imay/might. | No, I don’t | perhaps. | think so. __i= ow The To | bell | go to th TLS Fe | hin [he | he'll | go to the party | he | thinks so. Does she HHMK | shel tonight? Yes: | she | may/might Hisar sete eet | petnps — lee No, | pe doesn’t think so. she) eee bee ee _ PRACTICE Work in pairs. Take it in turns to ask and answer questions about future plans using the prompts below. Trj to ask and answer in different ways. 1. play football on Saturday 2. (go to) the cinema tonight 3, walk home after the lesson Page S7 4, meet your father at the airport 5. come with us to the cinema on Friday 6. get married in the summer 'A) Complete withthe verbs between brackets in the Present Simple Tense. My teacher aways (aie usalotof 5)My siters (go) to the cinema on Fridays homework. omyest. (ot ie) fut it ayer. (otk) sh and chips he (eo Fah and (prefenpiza ond hamburgers. (asin ei 3a vv (Get up) at 730 ever schoo day. 7) Peng menninsnens (MOE AY) but they A) Atschootwe not stay) French, (si very auch. 'B) Write questions forthe following answers. v = 1 No, dont ike onions 2 7 Tigerup at oelock 3 1 Yes, she works a supermarket a su: They wy go tothe baach during summer holidays. 3 e 1 No, we dont play ches 6 7 He plays fetball on Saterday, WHAT ARE THEY DOING? ‘A)Look atthe pictures and complete the sentences below using the Present Cont toride tospeak torn tochave toread tose the verbs in box. 1)Theoldmen. ores, Inthesun. 5) Awoman ‘on the phone. 2)Acoo. — ascaredeat. 6)TWo git. their kes 3) Aman ~ se the plants. 7) Some children " socee. anol ‘book. 8) Some chidren ‘8 Match the sentences withthe pictures. a) Co) a Gc wm mo Tur the sentencas into the negative and interrogative,‘TALKING ABOUT THE PAST 1A) Write these sentences in Past Simple Tense 1) Lam not st schoo no, lam at home. Yesterdoy morning .mgsneta schoo mesa Dome, 2) We arent atthe concert, we ae atthe cine lastnight _3)My parents arent in the cy they are on holidays nthe Lost week «4 Paulisn't good at maths, hes good a chemistry. {5} Write the Past Simple of the folowing verbs. to nish solve aytobuy. 6 lve a}t090 Nrosee ayo meet soe ‘ch Choose 6 verbs from thelist and write sentences. 1) Answer the questions in your notebook. 1) Where were you born? 2} Was eyourbietday last week? 53) What wos the weather ike yesterday? ‘Did ican ast week? WHAT WERE THEY DOING? Wen Poul wos schoo he 5) Theparty i greats Lest Saturdays poy. 6) Where ate you nea? | am atm grandma's Where youyesteday tternoon? 17) e Manel sik? No, hes. yesterday? syrovwrle 10)to pan. rn) tolook ate. W)toserd '5) Where sid you and your fends go las Saturday? 6) Did your motherfater wok last Monday? ‘7 What id you do last summer? Last week you went for a walk inthe park Thsis what you saw, {A)Descibe what the people were doing. 18) Now answer. {1} Were tere two boyshanging fom the tee? Who was hanging from the tree? 2) What were afather and his son doing? Page 100 '3) Was thee agit going down the slide? 4) Were there people having apie 5) What were the boys payne? 6) Were there ary children paying on the see-ow?| BA... bt when the, PR) | (18, REGRED) having taken his <) | (19. RETURN) to his house fo get his Be F flat yt0. He anne (2. BORROW) his sister's 6% - TOM'S TERRIBLE DAY 'A) Complete the story withthe past simple of the verbs in bracketsand replace the drawings by the names of the | means of ransport. Tor wwe: (I. HAVE) a fertible day: he ..... (@. GED up early that moming. HAVE) @ shower and nnnn (, HAVE) breast, HO nnn (5. WALK) to the bus stop and wm (6. WAN) for the EEL) , bul the SED) never (7. APPEAR), He (8. DECIDE) fo take the (2, ARRIVE) # (JO. NOT-STOP) because #. Gi. BD) fall of people. (12, GO) to the ray station but the woman atthe ficket counter. (8. TEL hin that he mG. (14, BE delayed ee (5, NOT-BE) > the city so he .. (6, NOT CAN) catch one. The GES ... venue (7, NOTESTOP), He see sw fo the mechanic. He a (20. HAVE) a (22. BE) happy flng the fash er on is face unl the GES) suddenly (23. STOP). Beceem (24, RUN) out of petrol. He (25. FEEL) exhausted, angty and disappointed, He ... (26. THINK) “If | were tich, | would get an ee vemnan OF pethaps _ wu (27. WISH) be had a .. om SB, to sail freely through the deep He ... (28. GET) back to reality and sovsnnir Back to his home. (30. BE) already late for work and feeling so miserable, Re un GB. GO) 4o bed and (32. FALL) asleep again. He nmmninnne (33, DREAM) be was flying on @ fresh air and enjoying the beautiful sight of the city, (29, START) walking beside the Page 101,INS he Ngee s LS Page 102, SUUIAS UOUDAS _a} When Julian finshed the sandcastle, he was 0 hot that he ran to the sea to have aretreshin bath. Foamy waves made is skin fee cooler. He hada ice swim whe the man kept an reading the newspaper and his son played With the sand under he parasol by) Jutlan heard the man's shouts and sat upon is Lilo. He could not belleve is eyes! There were two sharks next to him! Thy were teady to attack him ny minute an he ws very fOr om the shor! He was seared sf. What on do now?” Jan thought. Julian could not do anything He thought, Ho sly wos! Why did not ten Tommum?" He clted hie eyes and ited forthe sharks attack, Suddenly he ‘heard the sharks napping their jaws at him, This is my end” Julian said. He ‘opened his eyes and saw two beautiful delphi slapping their tls onthe surface ofthe water. They whistled and squeaked and began to but Jullan’s lilo towards the shore. Tey lf Julian atthe shore and leapt away in oy. Jalan was lucky he was saved from drowning by the dolphins but they dd not save him rom his sunbured back, An ambulance took lan to hospital where doctors dd eveything possibieto alleviate his pan «Julian lay onthe ilo, is rms were int the water. He closed his eyes wile the small waves rocked him away. Suddenly, two big fs appeared ‘ear Julians Lilo He could not se them becauie he was fast sie, Poor Julian! He wasin dengert He did not know there were sharks swimming round him ‘The sharks swam nearer and nearer. Perhaps they were hungry and wanted, ‘063 lan for une But ula didnot wakeup Mk skin lke much redder inthe sealing un, ‘The dad and his son saw the sharks. They stood up and ran tothe shore. The dad shouted at he top of his ngs, “Shark Shar! Shoacaaoark 4) Holidays began and our frend alan vas vey happy. was midday and realy hot no clouds in the sky andthe sun shone brightly. ewasjust perfect! He was going to spend a great day on the beach so he puta hat, Some sunscreen sunglasses ad a bottle of water into a bagrhe toa parasol and his favourite Lilo and walked three block tothe beautiful sandy beach, There were not many people on the beach, usta dad reading the newspaper an hs ki playing with the sand Both were under a parasol ‘he sea was cai. The sand was wet. lian lefthe bog, Lilo and parasol on the send and started to bull huge sandcaste He forgot about everything 2round him, even about the sun that was burg his back badly. tt asso hot Bt he went on making his castle. He wanted a beautiful castle and he worked hard on «) Soon Julian fel tre and remembered his Lio on the beach, He swam ‘back othe shor, took his ilo and back in the sea, he kicked away He Was happy to feel the cool water an his red kin bute did not notice he was, going 00 far. ‘The dad and isk under the parasol got worted, Whot shat child doing?”kt 1 to be) midday and Julian 2) (to prepare) his things to goto the beach. There 3) (tobe) no clouds in the sky and the sun 40 (to shine) brightly. Julian 5)(t0 take) a Lilo, a parasol and a bag with some sunscreen, ahat, sunglasses. He 6) 0 walk three blocks tothe beautiful sandy beach Whenhe 7) toartve) atthe beach» dod and is son £8) (tot) undera paras The dad nnn 9) 40 Fad) the newspaper and i509 e-em 1) (0 ay) with the sand When dian nnnns 1 to bul a sandcastle, thesun 12) (bu) hisback He 13) (to want) a huge caste, so he 14) to work hard on it. When es 15) Qofinish the sandcaste he 16) (tobe sohot hate -- 17) (trun) tothe sea to have a ‘efeshing bath. Foamy waves... 1B) t0 ‘make) his skin feel cooler. He 19) (t0 have) dnice swim while the man 20)(t0 keep) on reading the newspaper and his son 21) (to play) withthe sand under the parasol Page 103, WHAT HAPPERED 19 SUAS ‘Past Simple or Past Continuous? Put the verbs in the right tense, Seon lan 22) (to feel ted and 23) to remember is loon the beach. 24) (to swim) backtothe shore, 25) (take his Lito and backin the sea he 26) (fc ay. He a 27) (tobe) happy to fe! the cool water on his ed skin buthe 28) (pot onotce he . 28) (099) 00 fr. The dadand his kid under the parasol He 130) (o.9e0) worred, "What i that child doing?t™ (rere) lian nse 31) (te) on the Ll, arms Were into the water. He. 32) (to close) his eyes while the small waves -- 33)(t0 tock) him away. Suddenly, two big fins 34) (0 appear) near Julian’ lo, He eeonnunone 38) (can) not see them because he was fast asleep. Poor Juan! He was in danger! He... 36) (not to know) there 37) tobe) sharks ‘swimming around him! The sha an 38) (to swim) around the Lo when Juan 39) (to wake up). When the B20 nn O) (to See) the sharks, he 41) to shout), “Shard Shark” The sharks 42) (to snap) ther jaws at him when he. 43) (o.open) his eyes and vss 4) (Q0 ee) they se AB) (0 bbe) dolphins. They 46) (to whistle) and 47) (to squeak) Then they 48) (to butt) lan’ lato the shore,Articles: The articles “The”, “a”, and “and” are considered adjectives because they modify the nouns they precede. The word “The” is called a definite article because it often points toa specific person, thing or group. ‘The word “a” and “an” are called indefinite articles. Indefinite articles express the idea that a noun Is not unique, but one of many. ‘The operation precede smoothiy. (The indicates a specific operation) ‘The surgeon performed an operation of great delicacy. (an indicates that there are other operations ofthe same kind). Usea before words that begin with a consonant sound. Use.an before words that begin with a ‘vowel sound, not the spelling, that determines the correct choice. afeather an honorary degree (his silent) an honest man an ostrich a university (Just in words of Latin origin that sound /iu/ a uniform. a universe, etc. Complete the following sentences with the definite article, the indefinite article, a possessive adjective, or nothing, as the same case may be. Where possessives are used they should refer to the subject of the sentence or of the clause in which they are used, ____ Smiths travelled across _United States in_ own car. They started at New York, where they saw all interesting sights, like Empire State building and __ Statue of Liberty. They crossed __ Hudson River on _ George Washington Bridge and the headed west. Their travels took them to __ Philadelphia first, and then to Pittsburgh, Cleveland and_ Chicago for three days. ___first day they just rested:__ second day they Visited __Art institute of Chicago and_University of Chicago; ___third day they call on friends _Wilsons, who live in_suburb of __Chicago. Page 104‘They went to dinner at__restaurant downtown with___ Wilsons. next morning they got up early and started west again. are straight and Mr. Smith was afraid of __ac highways west of Chicago jent . They saw mile after mile of wheat and corn fields stretching away to horizon. it was__ long hot day, and they were glad when they stopped at motel for _ night. next day they went on to Mount Rushmore, where faces of four Americans presidents are carved on side of a ‘mountain. Their next stop was Yellowstone National Park, where they saw geysers and bears for which _park is famous. From there they went on to__ Pacific coast. They stopped Seattle, Portland, and _ San Francisco. They stayed in San Francisco for several days. Mrs, Smith got her hair shampooed and set._Mr. Smith took __ car to_ garage and had it checked. Of course they went sightseeing too; they saw __ Golden Gate Bridge and _Chinatown, From San Francisco they drove to_Los Angeles, which to them is__city of __movies. They took ___ tour to see _ homes of some movie stars. From ___Los Angeles they started back east again , and went through ___ Arizona, where they saw __Grand Canyon, ____ New Mexico, where they stopped at Santa Fe, Texas, where they visited ——lyndon 8. Johnson library at _ Austin, and __ Louisiana, where they made longer stop at New Orleans, They visited _ French Quarter in picturesque old city ‘on__ Mississippi River. From New Orleans they had to go home because vacation was nearly over. When they told me about wanted to get into trip, and they showed me pictures, | was very envious. | carand take off on atrip like Page 105,COUNTABLE AND NON COUNTABLE NOUNS. ‘COUNTABLE NOUNS UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS Use a/ an or plural have an egg for breakfast every day. | don’t eat bananas. How many eggs do you eat a week ? leat a lot of eggs. Idon’t eat many (eggs) I don’t eat a lot of eges. Examples: vegetables, potatoes. Don’t use a / an or plural | drink coffee every morning. | don’t eat seafood, How much coffee do you drink a day ? | drink a lot of coffee. | don’t drink much (coffee) | don’t drink 2 lot of coffee, Examples: cheese, meat, fish. Circle the correct words in the questions and answers. Then practice with a partner. 1 A: How much / many fruit do you eat a week ? 8; Well, Ihave a / an orange everyday for breakfast. ‘And | eat a lot of fruit / much fruit after ner for dessert. 2. A: How often do you eat vegetable / vegetables ? 8: usually eat many / a lot of French fries. Is that a vegetable ? : How much / many times 2 week do you eat rice / rices ? 8: About twice a week, but | eat potato / potatoes every day. Do you eat many / a lot of seafood ? 8: Well, | eat much / a lot of fish, but I can’t eat shellfish / a shellfish. \: Do you eat meat / meats ? B: Well, | don’t eat beef / beefs, but | eat many / a lot of chicken. 6. A:How much / many eggs do you eat a week ? B: I don’t eat much / many. | don’t like eggs / egg. Page 106,Possessive adjectives. 11-1 POSSESSIVE PRONOUNS: MINE, YOURS, HIS, HERS, OURS, THEIRS: ‘book belongs to me itis my book | POSSESSIVE POSSESSIVE | A possessive asectve {@) This book belongs tome. Teme. | ADJECTIVE” PRONOUN | is used infront of tb) Thatbookbelongstoyou. tis yourbook | my wine G) pees Itis yours. your yours: A possessive pr ter Kore’ | {bse atone, without a ne nis moun heir thos ‘The possessive adjective in English always agree with the possessor. Examples: The book belongs to me. These books belong to me This is my book, These are my books ‘This car belongs to Brenda, The house belongs to Juan Carlos ‘This is her car. Thisis his house. Complete with the correct possessive adjective. 11 This car belongs to JuanCarlos. 2-This bicycle belongs to Ana This is__car. Thisis___bieycle. 3.- This notebook belongs to me. 4-This soccer ball belongs to our team This is__ notebook. This is__ soccer baal S.-“This badge belongs to the dog. 6- They have a party. This is__ badge. That is___party. Complete the sentences. Use the correct possessive form of the words in parentheses. 1-(I)_ This books. 2=(Ana) That bookbag is Page 1073-(N) my bookbag is red_ 5 (we) These books are 7 (we) are on the table 9.-(I) This notebook is 1-() fhas_name on it. 13. (I) Thisis pen 15-(I) isin__pocket Page 108 4.-(she) 6. (they) 8.- (they) 10.- (you) 12 (you) 14-- (You) 16- (you) isgreen Those books are are on the desk That one is__ has __name on it That one is ___ison__deskDescribing people. SUBJECT + BE + DESCRIPTION ‘SUBJECT + HAVE / HAS + DESCRIPTION SUBJECT + BE + WEAR + DESCRIPTION EXAMPLES: She is tall She has long black hair ‘She wears braces and glasses. Learn : POSITION OF ADJECTIVES. DETERMINER | DESCRIBER | COLOR | MATERIAL | NOUN. She has an ‘oval face He has big blue eyes Heis fat Describe these people. CELEBRATING SoveRrsiury Page 109Adjectives for describing parts of the face. wellshaped thin firm lage fulhlipped lipiess oval white round pink square red ‘hin flushed long tanned fat dark heart-shaped sallow freckled fair lack olive / lined bronzed (skin) aquiline wrinkled (with) whiskers /a loeg i proninent bearded moustache /a Gua Rowe pale beard / stubble litte hooked straight snub flat petted pointed sharp tuned-up long straight short wavy copped cory soulderiength zy treciamtength receding Black bal hoa) ark saly blond parting ue small ‘ai permed wae rey (wth pls toge wie (rads) pony wide fed, tall pigtails geen sow rast ina un grey coset TF amber widest tel Seepset protuberant Page 110,OBJECT PRONOUNS. The objective case forms of the personal pronouns areas follows: Me You tim Her It Us You (plural) Them We use this objective case forms as direct and indirect objects, objects of prepositions ete. Examples: | saw him on the bus. He didn’t speak tous. Change the underlined word to the correct ~ objective case personal pronouns Write your answer inthe blanks atthe right. 11-1 met Me. Smith on the street yesterday. 2.- She saw Mary and me in the park 3 He lft his keys in his car. 4. told the boys about it 5-1 saw you and vour brother atthe movies last night. 6. He rode his bicye to schoo! this morning. 712 He told his parents about the accident 8.1 have my copybook with me. 9.- We see those gids in the park every afternoon. 10- liked that movie very much. Page 111,11.-He sent Helen some flowers. 12. wrote your telephone number in my notebook. 13.-| eat lunch with Henry and Charlie every day. 14.- Put the cat outside. 15.-| don’t like to have animals in the house. 16.-| heard the President on the radio last night. 17 You can go with Mary and me to the party. 18.-| gave the money to the mi 19.- Are you going to the movies with George. 20.- He put the money in the bank. 21. He told all his friends about it. 22.- He put his books away in the bookcase. FREQUENCY ADVERBS. wore we 2 SET am we ee even igveer ole sean | e PAGE 112Contrast the position of the frequency words in sentences with be, and with verbs. Read each sentence including the suggested frequency word in the appropriate position. Follow the examples, My sister is busy (usually) My sister is usually busy. ‘She comes at noon (often) She often comes at noon. 1 The baby cries at night (sometimes) 2.-The children are nervous (seldom) 3.-We sleep in the afternoon (never) 4. Ana helps her mother (often) Antonio Is in a hurry (rarely) ‘THE HABITUAL PRESENT NEGATIVE, PREVIOUS STRUCTURE: | SUBJECT VERB COMPLEMENT. ‘They LIVE in Houston. She LIVES in New York. supsecT | AUX + NEG + VERB] COMPLEMENT They DON'T &VE | in New York She DOESN'T LIVE in Houston. NOTE: Notice that the “S" of the 3rd person singular is trans- ferred to the auxiliary. DON'T = DO NOT; DOESN'T = DOES NOT. Practice DON'T, DOESN'T. Substitute and make the necessary changes. Follow the examples. | don’t sleep in the afternoon, My brother doesn’t sleep in the afternoon. We don’t sleep in the afternoon. 1. The baby, 2 My father: Page 113,3.-The children 4.-Juan and Andres 5.-They ‘The position of the frequency words in negative sentences, wins susrect [ses wec] rw [COMPLEMENT we [ARENT [OFTEN ae. Susan [ISN'T TALWAYS happy 1 | AMNOT | USUALLY | sleepy. : wira. —e|surect] aux +NeGlrw VERBS |COMPLEMENT VERBS + i ‘ We DON'T [USUALLY }stuay [at night ! ‘Susan | DOESN'T [OFTEN leat {at the cafeteria. i + DON'T | ALWAYS |arink. coffee. Change the following sentences into the negative form, Follow the example. We don’t eat fruit. (always) We don’t always eat fruit. 1. My sister wash their hair (always) 2. We are tired (sometimes) 3.-| snows in our country (seldom) 4.- My mother is nervous (sometimes) 5. Children are quiet (seldom) Page 114‘The habitual present interrogative short answers. NEW in| VERB |COMPLEMENT! SHORT ANSWER PATTERN: te DO Ven They DO DO | they | STUDY! in the morning? | Yes. they DO. DOES! he | STUDY! inthe evening? + Yes, he DOES DOES! Aun | STUDY | inthe evening? | No, she DOESN'T betas e ae NOTE: Notice thet the “S" is transferred to the auxiliary DOES and that the verb changes to its SIMPLE FORM. Examples: Do you WANT some coffee? Yes. 1 DO. Thank you. os ee Complete with a short answer. Reinforce it with a complete affirmative answer. Follow the examples. Do you study mathematics? Yes, do, study mathematics and physics Does she live near your house? No, she doesn’t. She lives near the park 41s your cousin juan a good student? _—-Yes,_. She_avery good student. 2Does he tell the truth ? No,___-They basketball 3.-Am | doing it well teacher ? Yes, You it fine, Brenda 4 Do you know Mr. Diaz? him very well 5.-Does Ana helps her mother ? Yes,__ She her every day. Page 115