THE ACCREDITATION: contractors’ and Consultants’ Materials Engineer Se i gath DPWH and Contractors/Consultants Materials Materia Engineers are categorized depen a on the project cost category depends upon the construction cost limit of the rejects to be handled. As per Department Order No. 98, Series of 2016, Xfatenale Engineer I supervises at most three (3) projects, with an qnet of not more than P200M. On the other hand, Materials Engineer II supervise at most three (3) projects, with an aggregate cost of not more than P250M. HOW TO BE AN ACCREDITED MATERIALS ENGINEER - I Materials Engineer: Tobe accredited as Materials Engineer I (ME-1), a Civil Engineer must have a raw score of at least 60 in the Written Accreditation Examination being conducted eve nd Saturdays of March and September of every year in the Cities of Cebu, and Davao. ‘The Application Process for Written Examination for ME-1 The procedure and the things to consider when a professional engineer wishes to be accredited as Materials Engineer - 1 are: 1. Must be a CIVIL ENGINEER with an updated PRC License. a, It must be noted that the gpplicant shall not be an employee or a job-order of the government at the time of application. This is to avoid conflict of interest and to prevent private entities from engaging the services of the engineer while still employed by the government. Please see Subsection 1.4 of D.O. 98, Series of 2016. b. A Civil Engineer who is an employee of DPWH is encourage Rercate the examination on a different schedule, icularly, every second Saturdays of April and October. fate rate foswery ME written examination is moved ing Monday of the scheduled examination day. A v mination day. ual, in APPLICATION FORM from DPWH Website. Fill-out ley Seepage 13 n ucable spaces of the Application Form 3. Attach to the 4 be ali pplication Form the following requirements: in Commission er (not expired and with signature) b. Photo copy Offer/Contract latest. Appointment ( d. One - 1" x 1" photograph 4, Proceed to the nearest DPWH - Regional Office, Quality and Hydrology Division (QAHD) and submit the east one month prior to the examinations. In the case aspiring applicant would not be able to visit his/her respe region, he can submit the application form and requirements t The Chief Quality Assurance and Hydrology Division Any nearest Regional Office of the Department of Public Works and Highways DPWH REGIONAL OFFICES LOCATION/ADDRESS NCR 2m! Street, Port Area, Manila ‘CAR Engineer's Hill, Baguio City Aguila Road, Sevilla, San Fernando City, La Union Regional Government Center, Carig Sur. Tuguegarao City, Cagayan Sindalan, San Fernando, Pampanga Corner NIA Road, EDS. Corner NIA Road. EDSA, Diliman, Quezon City | Rawis, Legazpi Fort San Pedro, City ‘South Road Properties. Cebu City ‘Government Center, Baras, Palo, Leyte __| ‘Tetuan, Zamboanga City | Engineer's Hill, Bulua, Cagayan de Oro City XI Ramon Magsaysay Avenue, Davao CitMaterials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 - 2&4. | PARTI Quality Controt Quality Assurance INTRODUCTION TO MATERIALS ENGINEER ACCREDITATION CONTRACTORS AND CONSULTANTS. ce with the DPWH Standard and Airports Volume 2 (BLUE‘Workflow Chart for the Ai Contractors’ and Consultants ‘You will need to go back to the DPWH Regional Office where you submited sour application form to receive/get your Notice of Examination (NOE) at least one week before the scheduled exam. The Notice will confirm the date, time and place o! Proceed to the designated location of the examination 630 em. Late applicants won't be able allowed to take ‘You will have to present the said Notice to the examina cor! supervisor of the room where you'll take your examination. Failure todo so may cause other problems such as not being able to take the ‘examination. 9 Take the written examination for Materials Engineer for two (2) hours (Sam to 10am) on every second Saturdays of March and September every year inthe location you chose in your application 10. The result will be available 30 days or more after the conduct of the v wait for the confirmation letter si SRS Director informing you of your result and if passed. yout fs f Accreditation and ID will be shipped to you. es eaeEngineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~ 2 eq The TOPICS in the WRITTEN M.E. Accreditation Examination for Civil Engineers: 1. Construction Materials Specifications ling and Testing Procedures * ees procedures according to American Association of State Highway and Transportation O! (AASHTO) and American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) adopted by the DPWH Standard Specification for Highways, Bridges, and Airports, Volume 2 (Blue Book). 3, Test Results Calculations/Interpretation/Evaluation Practical questions on actual materials testing applications in the field. 4. DPWH Minimum Testing Requirements Indicated in Quality Control Program (QCP); Used as a guide on the numbers of testing needed for the given quantity of materials, 5. Materials Quality Control Terminologies/Practices - Common terminologies and correct practices being used in the actual project. 6 Duties and Responsibilities of Materials Engineer pructical questions about decision-making of a Materials ngineer to assist the Project Engineer. It includes prevention and detection-decisions that i i eines lat are vital in carrying out the best of 2 Quality Controt Implementation/Documentation Actual and correct qualit trol implementation in the project, cplication 4nd ‘er one (1) que: fed time, 0 be GUIDE AND TECHNIQUES IN ANSWERING THE WRITTEN M.E. ACCREDITATION EXAMINATION ‘A, ANSWERING BASED ON FACTS fe resources. Read books on 1. Provide yourself with ade will be on the exam. 2. Get your facts straight. The only way fact accurately test your knowledge is if they have = that is 100% correct. You should be able to distinguish fi opinion. 3. Sharpen your memory. Recall your learnings. Test yourse 4. Read and understand the questions properly, as well as choices. Don't skip sentences. 1e given B. ANSWERING BASED ON GIVEN CHOICES 1. Know what each multiple-choice question is asking, Read the question properly. Don't get fooled into thinking you're asked something you aren't 2. Evaluate each answer to the multiple-choice question, The technique here is to analyze them by identifying each of their differences 3. Eliminate each clearly wrong answer. This is similar to the previous step. 4. Ifall else fails, guess. W an educated guess base other. blindly pick an answer, Make anections of the choices to eachC. COMBINATION OF TECHNIQUES A AND B tuestion based on Technique A. ze the choices as mentioned in Technique B, 3, Ifyou do not get the answer, try to eliminate the choices that you think is wrong. By doing #0, you are gi the correct one. Analyze the qi ou can usi you have only two fasten the solution. Remem| ‘answer the 100 questions DEPARTMENT ORDER NO. 98, SERIES OF 2016 REVISED GUIDELINES ON THE ACCREDITATION OF CONTRACTORS’ AND CONSULTANTS’ MATERIALS ENGINEER only qualified and competent mate ictore and consultants to DPWH ers will be despite the wented by the tation of Department, these Revi Contractors'/Consultants’ for quirement irement for acre Materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 - 2 €4 1.3 Practical Bs Practic 2.0 PROCEDURE FOR ACCREDITATION 2.1 Accreditation Requirements& Applicants who applied bi three (3) times withor ‘A Certificate of Accreditation and an Accreditation ILD. will be issued to all applicants who meet the accreditati issued, and shall be renewed there: 3.0 RENEWAL AND UPGRADING OF ACCREDITATION renewal of their accreditation certificate personally by presenting their valid onginal Professional Regulation Commission (PRC) identification card. Du y. BRS. EDS, rector 1 BRS, EDSA, Diliman, Quezon City. The Committee —_ s _ created to accredit DPWH and a afro ateiate Engineers shall carry out on recommend the ese ea eer ta esas .2 Accredited Materials Engineer I may be upsrasi 4.0 CLASSIFICATION OF CONTRACTORS’ AND CONSULTANTS’ MATERIALS ENGINEERS b. Field ‘The applicants will be required actual implementation of quality and decision making in the project taking only a Practical Examins written examination. Applicants must obtain @ least in the Practical Examination to qualify as Matenals Engineer IL Engineer Accredited Materials Engineer I who applied for upgrading but failed to be upgraded to Materials Engineer 1 after two (2) succeasive attempts is barred from taking the Practical Examination for one (1) year and should take a refresher course related to Matenals Quality Control, DPWH Materials Engineer may apply for accreditation. His/her score in the written examination will be considered and he/sheMaterials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 — 2~ 4 Department of Public Works and Highways o ACCREDITATION OF CONTRACTORS'/CONSULTANTS’ MATERIALS ENGINEERS APPLICATION FORM FOR WRITTEN EXAMINATION aie oF Examination ee \ ‘Application Number : | | 22 peta 5.0 CRITERIA FOR THE ASSIGNMENT OF CONTRACTORS’ AND Note: The araminoden le or pivataly employed Ch Engineer ety. | CONSULTANTS’ MATERIALS ENGINEERS (Government GOCC and Job Order Engineers re nat stowed | Namo : So ES Home Adcross ibs Offce Name Sia aE ——— fice Address é pe meee he ) projects, with an aggregate Postion Home Tet No al | cost of not more than P250M, or Offce Tet. No. Mobae Ho, _ | | ~ Three (3) projects. with an aggregate Nationatity ———_—.__ _ iS __ oy ____ | cost of not more than P200M. oe fone toyota b Materials Engineer | - One (D project, no cost limit, or Siege Schoo! = | > Two (2) projects, with an aggregate | cost of not more than P300M. or site | - Three (3) projects, with an aggregate oe | cost of not more than P250M. eee CO santa comcy Cowee co Nowrscerdited materials engineers may be assigned to three (3) pee aa Sana Projects, with an aggregate cost of P15.0M or below. | Veer tte correctness oe regare Spans Set pevaed name | aeengineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 - 2 eq THE MATERIALS ENGINEER IN QUALITY CONTROL IMPLEMENTATION of performance perfect, Quality mean economics, aesthetics, sa! Quality Control is to regulate, This is accompanied by economical work, safety, and beauty. Quality Assurance is the cortainty that the mat are regulated in accordance with sp We are calling it acc with the inspection of the owner. Materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 - 2 Ed WORKS OF QUALITY CONTROL 1. The Selection of Materialsa. Raw mater little or no processing) b. Materials that are processed without basical propertics such as washed/manufactured and gravel, and ete Manufactured materials such as bituminous matenals, cement paint, structural reinforcing steel bar. 4. Combination of materials that may be pa manufactured, #uch concrete. 2. Handling and Storage of Materials Materials which are not properly handled are prone to disturbance that may cause issues in the future. To avoid damage, it should be wal hardening to the cement, Thus, protection of the mater: important and should be accessible to the project site. Sampling and Testing of Materials All materials for testing require proper sampling. These are indicated in AASHTO and ASTM. Quality control also required Proper testing, construction method and workmanship. Construction Quality Control - A Joint Effort Formerly. inspection in a construction project was regarded as a PROMPT action to assure compliance and minimize neglect of the requirements. This serait ironic considering that great emphasis is placed on the importance of awarding a contract to the most responsible bidder and then ly that he cannot be relied upon to perform his obligation. However, recently a new conce; ‘ concept of construc emerged This calls fora twofold program?” MANY control bas 1. Quality contro! by the build ler/conti 2 Quality assurance by the owner By this x the joint bon edge eustrustion Quality Control isa system which involves lependent efforts of the owner and contractor to achieve the Examination Raterence veh 1.4 ~ 74 68 ure are of the apecified cy in that basic reap contractor, It requires establishment On the other hand, the owner or his represent interfering with the contractor's work. His work sho or verification tests or inspect only whenever it has been ascertained there have been deviations from the quality control program and * specified quality is not produced. Quality Control Program The first step in construction quality control program i the preparation of the plan or program by the contractor. He is required to subm owner's representative, The plan should include provisions om how the work should be inspected and the quantity. amount, and nature of vesting work to be done. It could be random costing that would represent all the materials and/or quantity testing which means for every certain quantity, there s a number that needs to be tested that will represeat that certain porvon of materials. It should also indicate whether a project Iaboratory wall be set up to facilitate testing Minimum Testing Requirement Quantity stated in the program of works is the basts of minimum testing requirement for each pro ‘he requirements specify the kind and + of tests for each item and sizes. This indicates only the minimum and shall not be the only basi umber of testing, When a GovernmentMaterials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~ 2~ ey representative inspected a project and there is doubt in a test, another testing can be done immediately. ‘Another Testing of Manufactured Materials Samples obtained from the manufacturer such as cement, asphalt and steol bar shall be tested at the laboratories. 4. Proper Construction Methods Construction methods come in many different ways. Usually, it th experience and practical methods but for some materials, methods of construction are given by instructions for each work. The following are the techniques in project handling and construction methods. fa. Technical personnel assigned in the project should be knowledgeable and responsible enough to the project. Project Supervision shall be established first. The hierarchy ‘tarts from the Project Engineer. Project Inspector, Materials Engineer, Safety Engineer, Construction Foreman, Skilled and Unskilled Laborers. € Construction methods shall be done for each work indicated in the design. 4. The materials shall pass the required specifications. ©. Continuous quality control should be done in alll items of work 2s the construction progresses, £ Proper equipment for each work item shall be used. € Materials quantity shall be well provided. Scarcity of one material can be the thes tea the basis of delay foreach work that may affect 5. Inspection and Project Monitoring Project i Pret ere H ital in project monitoring. The progress 1on of the actual work being carried out, and Materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 - 2~ Ed 19 Early operation is essential monitoring requires dedication an Proj Aside from that, ins of the governme! know’ especially on verti works to be accom ‘The purpose of inspection is to ensure that the workmanship is being done by the hired contractor. That is the very reason why proper inspection should be done religiously and be carefully planned per week to assess the progress reports, and if the project: ment date: and if n they will have to face sanctions such as liquidated damages How Quality is Being Controlled Quality is controlled during construction by testing and inspection of the quality of materials and the method of construction, the latter commonly known as workmanship. It is necessary to inspect construction and do the required tests at the different stages to assure quality, rather than make only one final inspection when the project is completed. If inspection is not done on time, it may be too late to measure qualit some work is covered up with the work. For example, degree of compaction of the subgrade cannot be checked when there is already a pavement on top. Testing and inspection to some degree should always be carried out. It is impractical to test completely all the work done. Different types of construction procedure demand different types and amount of inspection and testing. For example, in the production of aggregates, emphasis on the initial and early operation is essential Once the operation is producing the desired quality, occasional verification test may be adequate to assure continued satisfactory results. This is true of most mass or repeated operations, such as paving or building construction works demands more constant checking due to the greater variety of materials of work, Future results are less predictable on these types of work. ‘The type and quantity of tests and inspection must suit the particular work.Although testing alone does not constitute quality contro} that some tests must be done. It is because the standard of qu is necessary materials is, most often, specified quantitatively. For example, ‘the minimum yield point required of steel is 60.000 psi. Without testing, no one can say definitely if the standard of quality of such materials is satisfied or not. If anyone attempts to evaluate quality without testing, he is taking a big risk because he is guessing, Engineers should not be guessing. ‘The other quality control activity, inspection, is done on work items not subject to testing. Some of these are placing of forms or reinforcement, ‘curing of concrete or building up an embankment in layers. Inspection, like testing, should be done at the proper time as the work progresses. The quantity and location of concrete reinforcement or the thickness of embankment layers cannot be determined after construction is finished. THE PROJECT DEVELOPMENT IN DPWH The project starts at project preparation from the Implementing Office depending on their prioritization. Once given the budget from the General Appropriations Act (GAA) for the year, the identified project will be | surveyed and designed by the Planning and Design Section for District Engineering Office or Planning and Design Division for the Regional Office. Once approved, the Program of Works (POW) and Detailed Unit Price Analysis (DUPA) will be prepared. This will be the basis of the Approved Budget for the Contract (ABC). The contractors will bid for this ABC in a cheaper price. The lowest bidder will eventually win the bidding as long as he and the bid are qualified. The Implementing Office (IO) will issue a ‘Notice of Awards and Notice to Proceed (NTP) to the contractor. The 10 will provide a Project Engineer, Project Inspector, Materials Engineer, and/or Resident Engineer from the government side. The Contractor's Materials Engineer will also be assigned by the Contractor itself that would act as the Quality Control Implementer. ‘The Materials Engineer is the one who controls the sampling and Sa materiale testing of projects being implemented such as roads and roalides, bridges, and slope protection, He will see to it that the seins being used in those projects are in accordance with the approved ?pecifications of the state. If the material has no identified specification, it is understood that the highest quality shall be used, As stated in part I, there are t Engineer, One is the Gover BASIC DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF A CONTRACTOR'S MATERIALS ENGINEER: 1. Responsible for the sampling, testinj bmission of quality control reports data. 2. Prepare design mixes for concrete and asphalt mixtures 3. Accomplish, update, and keep the test report records such as materials logbook. 4, Ensure that the samples are properly cured by standard procedures 5. Ensure that the field tests are adequately equipped so that the progress of work will not be impeded to laboratory testing and non- performance of the test should not be the cause of delay in project implementation. 6. Recommend on whether the quality of materials to be used in the project is acceptable and pass the requirement of DPWH Standard Specifications (Volumes 2 and 3) 7. Recommend corrective and remedial measures to improve the quality and correct the unsatisfactory condition of materials. 8. Recommend corrective measures to improve the quality of completed works. 9. Recommend the acceptance of the completed works as well as advise the Project Engineer (Government or Contractor's side) on the rejection of the unsatisfactory materials. Note: Quelity Control is a joint undertaking by the contractor and the ‘Implementing Office (DPWH, Region and/or District Engineering Office)OTHER IMPORTANT INFORMATION for the Contractor's Materials Engineer shall be provided by 2 Department Onder 13, series of 1987 states that the Materials Engineer shall be in-charge in the sampling of the testing of the materials He shall be accompanied in the actual testing by the Government Mat implementing office who will serve as the witness for their assurance 3. Department Order 215, serves of 2004 states that the materials shall be tested prio to ste incorporation to the works. The materials engineer shall ensure that only matenals conforming to the spcafication requirements of DPWH should be allowed to be used 4 The Matenals Engineer shall prepare the Quality Control Program (QCP) based on the approved Minimum Testing Requirement (. 1 Price Analyms of the Project to estimate the number of teats based on the k to be done. 5 Mae matenals engineer is required to bring the mate ted to the accredited private testing Inboratory Department Order 26, series of 1989, accreditation of private testing laboratory * Uulization of prvate testing laboratories who will act i center to accommodate the voluminous woke of the been amended by DO 48, Si superseded by D.0. 2, ae Series of 2012: and further 6, DO 203 Series of 2003, at a DPWH laboratory. In that the materials must be tested first the case that the DPWH laboratory 9. The Materials Engineer shall pro. Pass or surpass approved by the the monthly status of tests. Th of materials for the month based on the QC forms or base, the ing. of conerete on a prepa pouring permit from ver shall request and sec 1 plants of concrete or asphalt that supplies batches to st have the capability to provide high quality of products, And that is the reason why DO 253, Series of 2003 ~ Acereditation of Asphalt and Concrete Batching Plants has been issued. All batching plants that are going to supply concrete or asphalt in DPWH projects must secure an accreditation from DPWH-BRS, Other Policies that will need to consider to effect Quality Control Compliance: 1. M.C. No. 38, Series of 1981, the Certificate of Quality Control Assurance that will be provided by the DPWH Materials Engineer and the Project Engineer. 2. MC. No, 33, series of 1981, Provision of Laboratory Fi Equipment and Personnel for Quality Control and 1.0.Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~ 2 gq of the Minimum Materials Testing series of 1990, Inch ication of Contractors. Equipment in the Preval 3. MO. No. 80, Series of 1978 states the accomplishment of Quality Control Logbook to be done by the Contractor's Materials Engineer. 4. Accomplishment of the Project Logbook and Materials Logbook (Quality Control Logbook as stated above). ty of the following project documents in the project site or Management Office: 5. AW field/District/Regional Proj a) Approved Plans and Specifications b) Program of Work with Detailed Estimates ©) Contract Documents @ Change Order and/or Variation Order, if applicable. @) Latest Statement of Work Accomplished 9) Monthly Accomplishment Report @) Design/Trial/Job Mixes, if applicable 6 D.O. No, 29, series of 1994 and D.O. No. 203, Series of 2003 - Utilizing First the Services of the Bureau of Research and Standards, Regional and District Laboratories of the DPWH in ‘Testing of Samples of Construction Materials. No, 253, series of 2003, Accreditation of Batching Plants ind Portland Cement Concrete. phen a series of 2012, Amendment to D.O. No. 42, series of Felative to the limits of assignment of accredited Materials en of the Contractors and Consultants. This amendment will aie fe ih dime. Further, this has already been superseded and ry D.O. 98, Series of 2016 that is specified in Part I. 9 cea Wied 69, Series of 2015 ~ Revised Schedule of Fees and Serre aboratry Testing of Construction Materials ia very ‘or Contractors who would like to test their materials in ; Website: www .clpw xe DO 11 Series of 2017 ~ Minimum Testing Equipme DO 13, Series Of 1987 ~ Sampling DO 213, Series Of 2004 - Testing Prior To >. Series Of 2018 -— Accreditation of Priv Series Of 2003 - Utilizing First the U. District Engineering Office DO 135 Series Of 1993 - Testing and Acceptance DO 253, Series of 2003 ~ Accreditation of Asphalt and Concrete Batching Plants DO 689, Series of 2015 ~ Revised Schedule of Fees and Charges for Laboratory Testing of Construction Materials Of BRS, RO and MaterialsPART III COMMON FIELD TESTING (In-Situ) SAMPLING FOR MINIMUM TESTING REQUIREMENTS [eas MINIMUM MNIMUM | QUANTITY /VOLUME OF MATERIALS: es LUREENTS MATERIALS FOR EACH \ SAMPLE SUBMITTED TT. Cement 1 sample per 10kg t 2000 bags _ [BiAsphalie material sample per 40T 3L { or 200 drums [3 Asphalt mix Teample per 20 ke } 130T t |S Aeerentee 1 sampk a coarse aggregate rempla pet 70 ke te Materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 - 2 &¢ | 18: Concrete beam Page 27 19. Conerete core 20. Asphalt core 22, Structural steel/sheet 1 sample per 50T Reduced section as prescribed 23, Hydrated lime Tsample per 100. TABLE FOR LIMITATIONS AND VARIATION IN Lsample per | 20 ke ry 1,500 m> ke Boot IDR test and CBR | a Mur oe Reinforced [2 pipes minJ0.5% | 2 pipes TEM] ITEM | 104 105 ‘Abrasion | lose ees "saraple per 500 [2 pos of 100 mm Tong taken ee on | Jengths from both ends w/ thread ee me i Vsample per | 10,000 units | SunitsVariation || from design THICKNES, SOF LAYER Permitted variation from design LEVEL OF SURFACE Penmitted surface irregularity measured by 3m straight edge Permitted variation from design cross fallor | camber Permitted | variation from design longitudinal rade over | 25m length | California Bearing ] Ratio I +15mm, a “5mm +10mm, 20mm +15mm, “5mm, 30mm | 20mm Bua 30.3% | 30.2% 40.2% 40.1% 308 % | 80% | 80% | ioqe,| 80% min min | min min es oe of quality control is vital in quality-checking of a Pennine ee ee and supervision in order toatsn it sues, the ter hand, fed tenting ae part of the design is EI Gin de ce we are identifying the past, present, | al Set of te rit intra of sahil a We are Ge ee en ere ee celery Mest testing recognizing the f na including its properties. Finally, we are als° future worst-case scenario including the mitigations. FIELD TESTING AS PART OF THE DESIGN 1g a structure, it is very i res which is eri re are numerous Way properties below the ground: Very quick to but are expensive. One of most common to ‘Test (SPT). As a materials engincer, itis a to have the idea on the Geotechnica built of t of site inve: ‘The physical survey is that par ff the ground. These are required determine the physical properties of 1s which will exhibit bi groups of materi ig behavior: and similar engine 2, to determine parameters which are required for engineering design calculations. Je clays, may readily be sampled. If good-quality 4, then laboratory testing offers the best method of determining soil and rock parameters under carefully controlled condition® Sampling techniques will be discussed later. But other types of grou dare cither difficult or impossible to sample and test successfully. In such cases in situ tests should be used. Some soils, for examp! ‘The following types of ground conditions are examples of those where in situ testing is either essential or desirable. are hard to get. ling was required. re is required. 1. Very soft or sensitive clays. Good quality samp! Traditionally, it was thought that piston samp! More recent work has suggested that even greater cai ‘These samplers are relatively expensive and are time‘consuming (0 operate. Therefore, in situ tests are often used to determine undrained parameters. 2. Stoney soils. With the possible exception of very stiff clay con! scattered gravel (for example, clayey tills) which can be samp! careful rotary coring with either mud or polymer flush. stoney so/s fre almost impossible to sample, because the stones damage both the cutting shoe and the soil as a sampler is driven, Such materials may be tested in situ either using dynamic penetration testing, or geophysical techniques.Materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~ a 2. Sands and gravels. Sand s freezing techniques, but tends to be expe samples (since even rel have the effect of de: Loose and uncemented gravels can also be sampled using large-diameto, tubes but suffer similarly from disturbance. Therefore, in sity testing is commonly used in granular soils. carried out using either field geophysics, or penetration testing When accurate values of compressibility are required, then plate testing may be 4. Weak, fissile or fractured rock. The strength and compressi fractured rock is controlled by the discontint joints, fissures, faults) within it. ¥ of 8 (for example, ‘The Standard Penetration Test (SPT) ‘The ‘Standard Penetration Test’, commonly known as the ‘SPT’, is carried ‘out in a borehole, by driving a standard ‘split spoon’ sampler (Please see the Figures on the succeeding pages) using repeated blows of a 63.5kg (140 Ib) hammer falling through 762mm (30 in.). The hammer is operated at the top of the borehole and is connected to the split spoon by rods. The split spoon is lowered to the bottom of the hole and is then driven a distance of 450mm (18 in.), and the blows are counted, normally for each 76mm (3 in) of penetration. At the end of driving the split spoon is pulled from the base of the hole, and the sample is preserved in an airtight container. The penetration resistance (N) is the number of blows required to drive the split spoon for the last 300mm (1 ft) of penetration. The penetration resistance during the first 150 ‘mm (6 in.) of penetration is ignored, because the soil is considered to have been disturbed by the action of boring the hole, We have already noted that the measured penetration resistance, N, should be corrected for hammer energy, to give the standard value of N. In addition since the SPT brings the soil to failure, and because the strength of granul soil will be strongly dependent on effective stress level, it will be necess°¥ Typically, testing ig to correct 'N’ values from sands and from gravels to a standard overburden | pressure level when the test is used to determine relative density. Wher? Materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 - 2 £4 penetration Fé reasonable to assume’ . where D. = relat (Me 60 D, necessary, because the increase in strengtl stress increase is arguably refle a In using the S in design important to look in methods of calculation, to see how they were derived, be corrections are appropriate. tation and evs ‘Schematic diagram of standard penetration test SUMMARY: 8. A test-drive for 300 mm penetration of a split tube sampler with a shoe. b, N-value indicates the number of drives for 30cm penetration of split tube sampler,‘Sampling 1s equally as importat COMMON FIELD TESTS AS PART OF QUALITY CONTROL METHOD OF SAMPLING for AGGREGATES and the sampler shall use fhe nature and condition in samples ‘every precaution to 0 of the materials which they represent to the whole APPROVAL OF SOURCE - Samples are taken and tested to provide be included to the project as proposed by the spartment Order No. 41, Series of 2006, fhe Philippines. JOB CONTROL - Samples are taken on a day today basis during production ided samples of material from approved sources, oject site. Job control samples are taken by production plants and the user to insure adequate quality control. ACCEPTANCE - These are samples taken from a finished product to determine compliance with the specifications. An example would be pavement coring. The objective of acceptance sampling is to determine a course action ~ reject or accept the work. Acceptance is not a job control technique. Care shail be taken in sampling: + Toavoid segregation of coarse aggregate and bituminous mortar > Toprevent contamination by dust or other foreign matter DEFINITION OF TERMS: field sample —a quantity ty of the material to be tested of a1 rns an Tee ‘estimate of the average quality of a us minut ore pov mie Sulmerebrraneen es: pore, Extract test portions from the ye material the previous one and the prese: fot - # sizable isolated quant le. by a procedure designe: the larger id sample, and thus of the representat lot of bulk matenal (for example, a unit- a bateh o truck load or a PROCEDURE: 1. INSPECTION - The material « variations. ‘The seller si appropriate inspection and sampling 2, SAMPLING - The procedures for selecting lo sampling are described in Practice D 3665-Standard Practice for Random Sampling of Construction Materials. A. METHOD OF SOIL SAMPLING OF AGGREGATES * Sampling from a Flowing Aggregate Stream (Bins or Belt Discharge) - Select units to be sampled by a random method from the production. Obtain at least three spproxumately equal increments, selected at random from the umt being sampled, and combine to form a field sample whose mass equal or exceeds the ‘minimum recommended. Take each increment from section of the material aa it is being dischai Recessary to have a special device constructed for use at each particular plant. ‘* Sampling from the Conveyor Belt ° Select units to be sampled by a random method from the production, Obtain at least threeproximately equ increments, selected at random, from the y es a od combined wo form a fild sample whowe man, equals or exoeds the minimum recommended. St2p the convey, belt while the sample increments are being obtained. Iny templates the shape of which conforms to the shape the aggresta stream on the belt, and apace them auch that (hy tm inatenal contained between them will yield an increment of the | required weight. Carefully scoop all and collect the fines on the bel swith a brush and dust pan and add to the container Sazspling from Stockpile or Transportation Units - Avoid sampling coarse aggregate or mixed coarse and fine aggregate from the ‘nockpiles of transportation unit whenever possible, particularly ‘shen the sompling is done for the purpose of determining aggregate properties that may be dependent upon the grading of the sample. If circumstances make it necessary to obtain samples from the stockpile of coarse aggregate or a combined coarse and fine sgeregate, dengn a sampling plan for the specific case under consideration. $n sampling material from stockpiles, it is very difficult to ensure unbiased samples, due to the segregation which often occurs when material i stockpiled, with coarser particles rolling to the outside base of the pile, mais equipment is not available, samples from stockpiles vias ue of at least three increments taken from the top mee and at the bottom third of the volume of the rane ‘vertically into the pile just above the sampling 1 preventing further segregation, taking care to exclude any specific areas from which eae template placed over the a . SAMPLING FOR BITUMINOUS MIXTURE Sampling from a Conveyor Belt - Sux the conveyor belt Randomly select at least three areas of approximately #9) orm a Sample whose q recommended (See Part 4 all material between templates into a suitable comtaner. 2 Sampling from Truck Transports - By » ransom method. select ion of matenais delivered, the unite to be sampled from the prod: Obtain at least three approximately increments. Avoid sampling the extreme top surface. Se random from the unit being sampled and combine to form a field sample whose quantity equals or exceeds the minimum recommended in Minimum Testing Requirement of the Blue book. The sample may be obtained by collecting the increments with a scoop ar shovel ° Sampling from the Roadway Prior to Compaction - When only the minimum recommended. When three or more samples are to be taken in order to evaluate a ze a random method to determine lect a sample consisting of approx ‘om each location, assuring the quantity minimum recommended in Part IV of this book.© METHOD B ~ QUARTERING REDUCING FIELD SAMPLES OF AGGREGATES TO TESTING SIZE to a convenient size for conducting « number of tests 18 moat likely to be a representation of the field sample, * Method A - MECHANICAL SPLITTER Sample splitter shall have but not less than a tot ven number of equal widths chute t for coarse aggregates, or twelve {oFMaterials Engineer Examination Remsrence Sot t.1 = 2 ey ‘crements or samples from the roadw Care to exclude any When necessary, place templates on the existing roadway ¢, exclude any underlying m Clearly mark the specified ares from which each increment or sample is to be removed. Templates hich are placed before the mixture is spread will be a definite aig securing increments of approximately equal Take: of the material, tal ass. ‘Sampling from a Skip Conveyor Delivering Mixture to Bin Storage * Select the unit to be sampled from the skip conveyor by a random method based on the bin's storage capacity. Stop the skip conveyor immediately following pug mill discharge. Dig a furrow 150 mm (6 in depth extending from the top to the bottom of the pi ‘Obtain three approxima’ and bottom of the furrow depositing each increment in a container, The combined increments should form a field sample whose ‘quantity equals or exceeds the minimum recommended in Table | y equal increments from the top, middle, | Sampling from a Funnel Device Feeding 2 Conveyor for Mixture Delivery to Storage -Select the units to be sampled from the funnel device by a random method based on the bin's maximum storage capacity. increments of material for each sample by passing a bucket or a Obtain at least three approximately equal pan or other suitable container across the full flow of materials as it drops from the funnel device onto the conveyor. The combined Portions should form a field sample whose quantity equal or ‘exceeds the minimum recommended in Part IV of this book. Maire ‘after Compaction Select the units to ‘at least three indom method from the material in place. Obtain from the Unit be nn=lY equal samples selected at random rene to dee ang samPled. Test each sample and average the tet roadway for the tla, acceptability. Take all samples from the any underyi lepth of the material. Taking care to exclude n€ material. Each increment shall be obtained by ‘coring, sawin, i phieses '& oF other methods in such a manner as to ensure #® Hsturbance of the material. 3, NUMBER AND QUANTITIES OF FIELD SAMPLES ber of field sample described) required depends on the cr! the properties to be measured. Designa ing in a si Reducing Field Samples of Aggregate to Testing Size or as required by other applicable test methods. 4. SHIPPING SAMPLES 4.1, Transport samples in containers so constructed as to preclude loss or contamination of any part of the sample, or damage to the contents from mishandling during shipment. Samples shall have individual identification attached giving the information required by the sample user. Typical information that may be useful could include, but not necessarily be hmited to, the following’ 42. 4.2.1.Job for which the material is to be used. giving project number, highway route number. County, and other pertinent geographical information 4.2.2 Source of sample, including for plant-mixed samples the name of owner or operator of plant, location o type of plant, size of batch, and identification of bitumen and mineral aggregates used in the mixture, 4.2.3 Point at which sampled, for samples taken from roadway, both by station number and location transversely in pavement: also, whether sampled from completed pavement, windrow, ete 4.2.4.Quantity represented, 4.2.5.The person conducting sampling and name of sample, 4.2.6.Date of most recent mixing, if road-mixed,Materials Engineer Examination Reference VOI. 1.1 ~ 294 COMMON FIELD TESTS 1. COMPACTED SOIL AGGREGATES a. SOIL TEST PITTING (For verification of Base/Subbase Course Thickness) |. Prior to final de extensive digging if the test pitting requirement, consider the to the DPWH Standard Specifications for 9. Ifthe Engineer have doubts on the q\ bigger holes must be conducted to obt to be brought to the testing laboratory for ve of in-place materials. Allowable Tolerances to the Designed Level and ‘Transverse Slopes for a Compacted Aggregate Subbase Permitted variation from design Apparatus: ‘Thickness of Layer ~~~ Digging tools, Measuring Tape = Procedures: 1. Se cere a section of compacted prepared rond carriageway thet it ° have finished grade elevation meeting the requirements 2. 4 hole with a diameter that can visibly identify and ‘ee ‘plac terials, '¢ up to the full depth of in-place soil materials as stated it the typical section of the plans,Materials Engineer Examination Reference Vo. 1.1 ~ 2 4, Materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. ion from design Longitudinal Grade over 25 m length -~* imum stability 14 depen ALLOWABLE TOLERANCES TO THE DESIGNED LEVEL Compacted Aggregate Subbase Course ~ Item 200 Permitted variation from d ‘Thickness of La *20mm Permeability Is lowered because the voids are reduced. ce DETERMINATION OF DENSITY OF SOIL IN-PLACE BY THE SAND-CONE METHOD +10 mm (AASHTO T 191) (ASTM DESIGNATION D 1556) Compacted Aggregate Surface Course - Item 300 Permitted variation from design +15 mm Thickness 0 5mm Field Density Test A control test in embankment, etc. construction to ensure adequate FIELD DENSITY and COMPACTION TEST ‘compaction. BASIC AIM OF COMPACTION: ‘mass that will satisfy the three criteria: Hem Apparatus /Material 1, Density ApparatusMoisture Content of Material removed from the test hole: a 3. Balances 4. Drying Equipment w= EM. 100% 5. Digging tools } wz 6, Calibration bucket i 7) Soul pans, MC cane, plastic bags, labeling materials | & Guide piate bw =% of moisture of from test hole | wy = moist mass of mi mm hole sample, in grams Lab. No. 415-18 Lint Weight of Ax-Dry Sand Container full of water, ke 2) Unit weight of dry sand, ‘Actual Moisture Content 1 - 123.2 gin? (6) (8) ~~ 6, Container + wet soil, g Dry density (y,) —» 20 Laboratory Compaction tent data under Lab, No, laximuum dry denwity, kgm? a¢ oumum momture Convent, % 4 Megcon A Compaction, LD / (eba) x 100“ 74% Anwwer) Moisture content (w) —>MOISTURE-DENSITY RELATIONSHIP Voumeofnole = Mass of sendin hole Density of used sang wercensty = Mass of wet excavated sou Voume ofnoe Drycensty = —_Wetcensty x 100% (Waosstare content of 308 * 100) t Degree ofcompacton = Dey densty x 100% ‘Maximum ary density (COMPACTION TEST: Jn the test. the sal i compacted at a number of moisture content ranging | from slightly dry to wet, by a specified amount of energy applied ins | specced manner. Dry density and moisture content are determined, Values of these peants are plotted and a smooth curve is drawn through the points The highest pount on the curve is the Maximum Dry Density (MDD) and the curespeading moisture content is called Optimum Moisture Content | Ouc. j The purpose of laboratory compaction is to determine the proper amount of | wong water needed to compact the soil in the field in order to obtains senmum density under the specified compacting effort. | FOUR DISTINCT STAGES IN COMPACTION TEST | 1. Wetting - When the sci particles are relatively dry, the water added | 4 absorbed and adsorbed by the soil particles. The water film ‘Surrounding the particles are still minutely thin and very coherent. | ‘Thus, the frictional resistance to granular rearrangement is high 2 Lubricating Sage - The addition of water replicas ene of | air, ic } anne sil flows more readily under the ‘Tubricatiné — thus the ‘added water and the soil particles move closer together. | resulting in increase in density. This effect is continued uot | ‘optimum water content is reached, at which point the maximum the density cannot creased. ir is expelled and replaced by water. If further the soil mass, ite tendency is to decrease in v vr is impossible in a saturated system since the free air has been replaced. MOISTURE DENSITY RELATION OF SOIL (Compaction Test) 7-99 (5.5 lbs/2.5 kgs. Rammer. 12 in/305 mm drop) Method = Mold. Vol. MN. of Layers Blows/Layers Mat'ls. Passing one > 4in.(102 mm) 0000 3 2 No.4 (475mm seve) 9.052mm) cons 3 * oa 4. (02mm) 00003 3 BYE (130mm seve) 6in(S2mm) ons 3 % od 7-180 (10 Ibs/4.54 kgs. Rammer, 18 in/437 mm drop) Method Mold Vol.’ No.of Layers GlowsLayers Marla Passing oo @ > 0.000803, No 4 (4 75mm sieve) oo 3 Ooor2s > 2 3618.00 seve) 2 0.000843 ovoares exe x soee atertals Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 — = ae MLM Ry materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol, 1.1 - 2+ £6. SAMPLING AND FIELD TESTING FOR CONCRETE M1 Cease Se CORTIARO PAVING and STRUCTURAL CONCRETE ' SLUMP TEST Sorc concn ‘ (AASHTO Designation: T 119) (ASTM Designation C 143) 1, Slump Test } 2. Making and Curing Test Specimens ld 3. Determination of Compressive Si f Cylindrical Concrete. | Specimens. | |. Determination of Flexural Strength of Concrete Beam Specimens. ‘SAMPLE OF FRESH CONCRETE 1, The fresh concrete sample from where the test specimens are made _ shall be representative of the entire batch. Elapsed time between obtaining the first and final portions of | ‘composite samples shall not exceed 15 minutes. | ‘Start tests for slump or air content within 5 minutes after obtaining | the final portion of the composite sample Start molding specimens for strength tests within 15 minutes after fabricating the composite sample. Sample the concrete from stationary mixers, (except paving mixers) ‘at two or more regularly spaced intervals during discharge of middle portion of the batch. Sample the concrete from paving mixers after the contents of the Paving mixer have been discharged. Obtain samples from at least five different portions of the pile and then composite into one sample for test purposes. - Sample the concrete from revolving drum truck mixer or agitators at two or more regularly spaced intervals during discharge of the middle portion of the batch. | their use without tearing, crushing oF deforming, Compressive strength test, mechanical test measuring the maximum amount of compressive load a material can bear before fracturing. The Piece, usually in the form of a cube, prism, or cylinder, is compress between the platens of a compression-testing machine by a gradu applied load. Dimension of Slump Cone: the base = 203 mm the top = 102 mm de = 305 mmBeam mold, rectangular in shape and having a length of at least §0 », greater than three times the depth, The cross section shall be 152 mm yy 152 mm. . MAKING OF CONCRETE COMPRESSION AND FLEXURE TEST SPECIMENS IN THE FIELD (AASHTO Designation T 23) (ASTM Designation C 31) CONCRETE CYLINDER MOULDING PREPARATION 1. Obtain a representative concrete sample from the revolving drum truck mixer. + Ensure all water has been added to the concrete. * Sample concrete at two or more regularly spaced intervals during discharge of the middle portion of the load. * Repeatedly pass the receptacle through the entire discharge stream or completely divert the discharg® stream into the sample container. * Transport samples to the place of testing and remix to form @ composite sample. ‘Obtain the concrete sample within 15 minutes from the start of sampling. * Start molding cylinders within 15 minutes after fabricating the composite sample. * sine scoop, place concrete in the cylinder molds. For 6 by 12 fee jad place in three equal layers (1/3 volume per layer) a4 Taya Sinch molds, place in two equal layers (1/2 volume Pe 3, Rod each layer 26 times thr a: PROCEDURE: the roddings uniformly over 1 layers, penetrate the previous layers about 1 inch, For 6 by 1 molds use a 6/8*inch diameter tamping rod and a 3/6-ine! rod for 4 by 8*inch molds. 4. Lightly tap the outside of the mold 10 to 15 umes with a rubb mallet to close the voids left by the tamping rod. Use an open hand for single use molds easily damaged by a mallet. 5. Strike off the surface with the tamping rod, handheld oat or trowel to produce a flat, even surface, Install the mold cap and move the cylinders to an initial curing place for storage For initial curing, store cylinders for a period up to 48 hours in a temperature range from 60 to 80° F and protect from moisture loss. For concrete with a specified strength of 6,000 psi or greater, the initial curing temperature range is between 68 and 78° F. from After initial curing and within 30 minutes upon remo molds, start final curing by storing cylinders in a wet environment ‘at a temperature of 73.5 £3.5° F until tested. CONCRETE BEAM MOULDING PREPARATION AND TESTING Test beam molds, 6 in x 6 in x 21 + ¥ in (150 mm x 150 mm x 550 £13 mm) or 8 in x 8 in x 26 + ¥ in (200 mm x 200 mm x 670 + 13 mm), Vibrator, capable of 7,000 vibrations per minute with a diameter not ess than % in (19.0 mm) or greater than 1) in (38.1 mm) ‘Tamping Rod — The tamping rod is a round, straight steel rod % in (16.0 mm) diameter and approximately 24 in (G10 mm) long, having the tamping end rounded to a % in (16.0 mm) diameter hemispherical tip, Mallet — A mallet with a rubber or rawhide head weighing 1.25 + 0.50 1b. (0.57 + 0.23 kg). e. Assorted tools such as scoops, shovels, ete. Pour the concrete with the desired slump in three (8) layers,Inear Examination Reference Vol, 1.1 - 2 €4 ee n 126 aq. mch / 2= 63 DPWH Specifications states that for the Third Point Loading method ACCEPTANCE OF CONCRETE FS requirement = 8,8 MPa (560 ps) Min. @ 14 days A, If the fracture occurs in the ten the middle third of the span length: | ee ba i mutt nee is equal to 18° eee only instead of 2. This is to 35 allow the clear space on both edges at 15° each foe the SAMPLING AND TESTING OF ASPHALT CORE | ne Heal Testing of Drilled Cores from an Asphalt Pavement prdepigneg | Significance and Use: } + Core tests determine the thickness and density of compacted asphalt pavement DPWH Specifications eats that forthe Third Point Loading method: ‘Fequirement = 4.5 MPa (650 pai) Min. @ 14 days 2 If the fracture occurs inthe Centerpoint Loading | 1. Specimens shall be taken from the pavement with a core drill, j diamond or carborundum saw, or by other suitable means. 2. Care shall be taken to avoid distortion, bending or cracking of specimen during and after removal from the pavement ‘middle third of the 3. Specimens shall be free from foreign material: span length by not tack coat, foundation material, sol, paper or fail ore than 5 percent 4. Specimens for thickness and density determination, of the : ‘span lene, Sawed specimen: at least 150 mm x 150 mm re oP Cored specimen: 100 mm dis. full depth © ba? Recommended that:ie, ty 1. The diameter of cylindrically molded or cored specim, length of the sides of sawed specimens, be at least eq times the maximum size of the aggregates, 2, That the thickness of the specimens be at least one ay times of the maximum size of the aggregates. eS, op 8 Al to fo, don bay OBTAINING OF ASPHALT CORE SPECIMENS: Case I: Atleast one but no more than three (3) samples shall be taken j, each full day's operation. ‘To ascertain the degree of compaction of the asphalt pavement, more th one (1) core sample but not greater than three (3) maybe taken foreachden operation, When 2 or 3 cores are taken, each core should represent a speci, pavement area completed within a day, Averaging of the thickness ws, density of the 2 or 3 cores should not be done. Case 2: If no core was taken at the end of each day's operation and the | project have already been completed, a core shall be taken for every 10 | linear meters per lane or fraction thereof of the completed pavement. Each | core shall represent 100 LM of the jt pavement. Averaging of the _ thickness and density of the core should not be done. TESTS ON ASPHALT CORE Density (d) = Gmb x Density of water i where: | Density of water = 1.0 gm/em* Gmb = Bulk Specific Gravity CALCULATION OF BULK SPECIFIC GRAVITY (Gmb) A Gmb = where: Ar mass of specimen in air. g Cont of murface dry specimen, g ‘mass of specimen in water, {these measurements i the thickness (t) of the POSTIONS OF MEASUREMENTS ‘Acceptance, Sampling and Testing of Finished Asphalt Pavement 1 cut full depth samples ax directed from the fimshed pavement for testing. Samples shail be neatly sample shall be at least 150 mz x 150 aun or 100 an At least one, but not more than three samples sball day's operation. be taken for each fall If no core samples were taken during the day's operation. core samples ehall be taken from the completed pavement for every 100 LM. per lane. The contractor shall supply and furmsh new material t back Gli bare hedew left by the samples taken. Kreator than 97 massMaterials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~2~ ey The asphalt pavement represented by the cores shalll not be accepted if the deficiency in density is more than 2%. Acceptance, Sampling and Testing of Finished Asphalt Pavement The compacted pavement shall have a thickness tolerance of ~ 5 mm, ‘Thicknoss in excess of the specified thickness shall not be considered in the payment of asphalt pavement. The asphalt pavement represented by the individual core shall not be accepted if the deficiency in the core thickness is more than 5 mm. If the deficiency in the core thickness is more than 5 mm, additional layer maybe permitted in order to meet the designed thickness, however, the ‘minimum additional asphalt overlay thickness should be depended on the minimum thickness capacity of asphalt paver but it should not be less than 50 mm (2 inches) and that proper construction procedures are followed. ssc of Paap Mothod of Measurement: ‘The area to be paid shall Pavement placed, densities of the be the number of square meters (m?) of asphalt compacted and i nd Spccmpscted and accepted based on the thicknes® & CONCRETE DRILLED Cores representative of the concn pressive or flexural strength test, coring ‘d concrete. In other cases, such as a Qu ‘a project or during final inspection for is being conducted. Core testa measure the Concrete pavement and verify strength of concrete in considered deficient com [Accordling to some codes such as ASTM C42M ~ Standard Test M Teating Drilled Cores, test specimens are obtained when doubt ox the in-place concrete quality due to either to low strength re construction or signs of distress structure. Sampling Specimens are taken after the concrete has become hart enough to permit ‘sample removal without disturbing the bond between the mortar and coarse be 14 days old before the specimens rmal defects or samples that have been damaged in the process of removal shall not be used. Samples for determining compressive strength that contain embedded reinforcement should be avoided if possible or trimmed to eliminate the remmforcement provided a length-to diameter ratio (L/D) of at least 1.00 can be attained. A core specimen for thickness determination shall have a diameter of at least 100 mm (4 in.) For compressive strength determination, the diameter of core specimens should be at least three (3) times the nominal maximum size of the coarse aggregate used in the concrete and must be at least twice the nominal maximum size of the course aggregates in the core sample. The length of the specimen, when capped, shall be as nearly as practicable twice its diameter. 1 have a diameter of at le in market and core bits A core specimen for thickness determination least 100 mm (4 in). There are machines avai that can be bought in the market.‘Thickness determination of concrete core in 9 locations ‘Obtaining the Core Specimens ‘The completed pavement is accepted on a lot basis. A lot shall be considered ‘as 1000 linear meters of pavement when a single traffic lane is poured or £500 linear meters when two lanes are poured concurrently. Other areas such cross-overs, ramps, etc, will be grouped together (5) equal segments and one ‘core will be obtained from each segment. When the measurement of any core is less than the specified thickness by ‘more than 25 mm, additional cores will be taken at no less than 5 m to the center line in each direction, from the affected of core samples will only be stopped when a core which is not deficient in thickness by more than 25 mm is found in each direction. ILLUSTRATION 1: Example of Computation Single-lane pavement core taken aa ea ea 200° meter segment of concrete is pavement, ite "=== Jocation shown su.0+400 as ‘A’ in the was m figure above fam, atured to be 200 mm. The design thickness of the pavement it Materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 2.2 ~2~ eq | materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 - 2+ e4 1 be taken at Brand Fi, If the cores obt nd 190mm, respect: wing in the forward (sa 05205) a 250m 50m Based on the illustration above, we set 230mm ~ 25 mm = 205 mm as the thickness where no payment will be effective. Thus XI + X2 + the 5 meters from Point A to F1 will be not be paid to the Contractor. By ratio and proportion, we will get X1 = 1m, and X2 = 2.14. Thus, the total distance of no payment will be 8.14 meters. Since the designed thickness is 230 mm: and based on the table on Page 60, the deficiency in thickness of 0 to 5 mm can still be paid with 100% of the lot stated in the contract. In other words, pavement thickness of 225 to 230 mm will get 100% payment of the specified PCCP lot Evaluation of the core samples: 1) For each core sample, nine (9) measurements of the length are made, one at the central position and one each along at eight additional Positions spaced at equal intervals along the circumference of the circle of measurement, 2) The average length of the core is then obtained from the nine Measurements, subject to the following ®) Individual measurements in excess of the specified thickness by more than § mm will be considered as specified thickness plus 5 mm. }) Individual measurements loss than the specified thickness by more than 26 mm shall not be included in the average.3) When the average thickness for the lot is deficient, the contract unit price is adjusted as follows: Percent of Contract Average Thickness per Price Per Lot, % Remove & Replace / No More than 25 Payment ILLUSTRATION 2: A core specimen taken from a concrete pavement was measured for thickness determination, The required pavement thickness is 23 cm. Refer to Page 58 for the locations of measurements. ‘Measurement (cm) For Positions 3 to 7, the thickness was corrected to 23.5 to accommodate the allowabl speclied thidroes Abickness of in excess to Sm will be considered # OBTAINING OF CORE SPECIMENS: rength test resi EVALUATION OF CORE ‘SAMPLES: Concrete in the area represented by rage strength of the cores is ¢« s than 75% of, the specified strength. ILLUSTRATION 3: cores taken from a pavement section poured on a single day were 5D EVALUATION: 8. The required strength is 24.1 MPa (3500 psd b. The average strength of the three cores is 19. which is less than $5% of the required strength. c. Conerete in the area represented by the cores is conaxlered inadequate. 0 MPa (2370 psi) ILLUSTRATION 4: ki Three (3) cores taken from another section were tested for strength determination. The results are:Materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~ 2~ bq EVALUATION: ‘a. The required strength is 24.1 MPa (3500 psi) : b.. The strength of Core No. 2 is less than 75% of the required strength . Concrete in the area represented by the cores is considereg inadequate. PAYMENT OF SECTIONS REPRESENTED BY CONTROL SPECIMENS NOT MEETING THE STRENGTH REQUIREMENT Ifthe strength of control specimens fails to meet the requirements and it is not feasible or not advisable to obtain cores from the structures due to structural considerations, payment of the concrete will be made at an ‘adjusted price due to strength deficiency of concrete specimens as specified hereunder: | Deficiency in Strength of Concrete | Percent (%) Contract | Specimens, Percent (%) Price Allowed | Less than 5. | 100 [eaoHnee whos Gawler ee fala veon sa [ 10 to less than 15 70 [ 15 to less than 20 60 20 to less than 25 | 50 { 25 or more 0 ‘Measuring Length of Drilled Concrete Cores (AASHTO T-148) and (ASTM C-174) ‘ 2 t Concrete Core Thickness Determination 1D. [Station Bae oes ERA [O+S20RL | 355 8 |Cemer 372 Tee |] Sam | vara | Oreorecs Da | “O |secora| ise [conoressne a Ava.r2] | szergn | ase | aso | nw ASTM C42M ~ Standard Method for Obtaining and Testing Drilled Cores ‘and Sawed Beams of Concrete, Subsection 7.9.1 that LD of the specimen is 1.75 or less, strength correction factor must be used, By interpolation between L/D = 1.00 to 1.50, the correction factor is 0.918, thus, Corrected Compressiv ‘NAM’ One of the factors to determine in designing a road section is by determining the soil materials California Bearing Ratio (CBR) in the laboratory. Further. we can also control the quality of a newly-compacted base/suhbase course by having CBR test on the field. However, we can't just take a soil sample and subject it in for testing in the laboratory for four (1) days, That is how was invented. DCP correlates the CBR on the field from what is in 7 laboratory. This means we are simulating the actual field scenano ve what is in the laboratory. DEFINITION: rg in-situ resistance to penetration. © Provides a measure of a material's insitu resistance {0 Pelo as Standard Penetration Test (by, a distance of 2.26 foot (575 mm). © Test results can be correlated to characteristics of fine and soils, granular con: materials and weak stal modified matenals. Conduct of Field DCP Testing © Estimate the strength of in situ materials underlying a bound or highly stabilized layer by first dnilling or coring an access hole. © Dropping the Hammer - Hold the DCP device in a vertical position. Raise the Hammer until it touches, but does not impact, the handle. Allow the Hammer to fall freely and impact the anvil coupler assembly. © Depth of Penetration - The depth of penetration will vary with application. For typical highway applications, a penetration of less than 692 mm (27 ill generally be adequate. In soft soil, the DCP may be advanced to 6 feet. © Refusal: The presence of aggregates > 2-inch or rock strata will eithet stop further penetration or deflect the drive rod. If, after 3 blows, the device has not advanced more than 0.08 in (2 mm) or the handle has deflected more than 3 in (75 mm) from the vertical position, stop the test and move the device to another test location. Continuing to drop the hammer will damage the instrument. The new test location should be minimum of 12 in (300 mm) from the prior location to minimize test error caused by disturbance of the material. Single Mass OR Duat-Mass Hammer 76 1 (B kg) OR 10.1 (4.6 kg) —— Upper Roa Quick-Connect Pin Anvil with Upper — attachment Drive Rod ‘S28 in (16 mem) diameter 37.75, 401n — Vertical Seale 30, Figure 1-Schematic of DCP Devicess Materials € WORKSHEET FOR DYNAMIC CONE PENETROMETER TEST ineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~ 2~ by Based from the w= Blow#l = Dynamic Cone Penetrometer Graph remy ’ HL a | E ar : eal aed Using the formula (TRL): = 2,48 — 1.057 lo os F 1: Thickness, H1 = 95 mm S =9276 mm/low Where: CBR = California Bearing Ration Value | From the given numbers, PRi = HUBlowl = 9558 = 2 i presen Feacos ten Using the formula of CBR correlation. blow) | i = Penetratio1 Number of Blow/sMaterials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1-1 ~ 2~¢4 Layer 2: Thickness, H2 = From the given numbers, Using the formula PART IV Layer 3: Thickness, H3 = 285 mm Bh J From the numbers, PRs = H3/Blow#3 = 285/17 = 16.764 Using the formula of CBR correlation; Thus, CBRs = 15.34 ANALYSIS / CONLUSION: TEST QUESTIONS Basis for acceptance is that for subgrade, CBR must be = 4% for Subbase Course, CBR = 30%: and in Base CBR = 80%. Thus, it may be considered that Layer 1 is Base Cot subbase requirement, 80 we can asst subgrade material, TABLE 2 Tabulated Correlation of CBR versus DCP Index? ea aa eee OCP index CBR OCP index CBR % % ‘OCP index CBR mmibiow* * mavbiow* 2. 2 3 “8 a5 MARCH 2015 ‘ & “a “8 23 CONTRACTORS’ AND CONSULTANTS’ $ « 2 43 3 MATERIALS ENGINEER : x 6 “ 10 WRITTEN EXAMINATION wo we 39 7 12 18 48 38 16 13 16 49-60 37 15 a4 15 St 36 14 MME cS esey ote 2 7 ee 8 5S 33 ww ae ie ae 32 10 2a 6 a4 09 uae | CS ay 30 os 27-29 . 29 07 7034 4 63-64 28 06 35-23 . me 27 os Fer Dep oan 26 0.5 _ ‘nis of Bow, Grade by 254, table Tabulation (, of correlation we nan Correlation of CBR versus DCP Index” is also a kind can Teltvely the same CBR Valine, o* Mbeve Mentioned data, and well gt ®§/ CONSULTANTS* IMINATION FOR CONTRACTORS /COF [ACCREDITATION EXAY ENGINEER answer te) MATER! A10.C: ©) loco loco joooo looco Iocoo locco looo0 lIocoo joooo looco joooo loooo joooo Ioooo iooco icooeo ISoOoSO joosco ISoOoCSO ISooo jocooo IOSoO ISS00 loos ISO00 19K YOU Fst ante thye Abco ISS00 IS S00 IS S00 ISS00 IS 900 Io S00 ISoco0 IS 900 IS 900 ISooo ISo00 lIoc0o lococo Ioc000 Iooo°o Ioooo Inc00 Inco0° iIODOO lIncooo Isncooo° 11D OOO lInooo Isao°o DaoOo°O jineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~ 2 #4 n CONTRACTORS’ AND CONSULTANTS! MATERIALS ENGINEER WRITTEN EXAMINATION MARCH 2015 4. What is the function of emulsifier in emulsified Asphalt” 8, To increase mixing ability w/ aggregates b. To retain water in asphalt in longer period. ¢. To prevent asphalt from hardening 4. To enable asphalt and water to mx 8 does not necessarily mean that the Why? y impling is incorrect b. Incompetence of the Lab Technician 8. The use of sea water in reinforced concrete may —__. 4. Penetrate the concrete and cause scaling . Induce risk and corrosion to steelnm Materials, Examination Reference Vol, 1.1 ~ 2~ ey 7. In item 104 ~ embankment, field density test is carried out for every__ sq.m. a &. 1500 sq.m d. 500 sq. m 8, What greatly influences the service of an asphalt pavement? 8. A non-destructive portable equipment used to determine the presence of voids, cracks and other impurities. a. Concrete Scanner 'b, Rebound Hammer ¢. Pundit Ultrasonic Concrete Tester 10. Which of the ff. is used to measure pavement deflection? a. Falling weight Deflectometer b. Dynamic Cone Penetrometer ¢. Benkelman Beam and Deflection Logger 4d. Both a and ¢ 11. The proportion of bituminous material into the total dry aggregate in tem 310. 3.3%" 5% Db. 5% - 8% 12. A core specimen taken from a concrete pavement was measured for thickness determination. The specified pavement thickness is 23 cm. The measurements taken were: 23, 24, 23, 23, 24, 24, 24, 23. The ‘measurement at the center is 23 cm. Obtain the average thickness. 2 232mm b.24mm 246mm 13. Compute the degree of compaction (given: dry density = 1663 kg/cu.™. max. dry density = 2250 kg/ cum) ais b. 135% << 100% 14. The test which determines the asphalt present a. Spot Test areriais Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 - 2 64 ‘a. The sub ~ grade fails and need: b. The subgrade passed the CBR requirement ¢. The subgrade passed the requirem 17, What is the upper limit of the sand to be used in Atterberg limit test? ‘0. 10 ‘0 40 (0.425 mm) ¢. No. 200 18 In abrasion test using Los Angeles Abrasion Machine, how many cast iron spheres are used in grading B? ‘a. 9 Spheres b. 10 Spheres ¢. 11 Spheres 19. Given: Wt. of dry aggregate = 950 g, wt of asphalt = 50 g. What is the yy weight of total mix? 20. The maximum compacted thickness of any one layer of ageresate sub base coarse materials. a. 150mm b. 200 mm c. 300 mm anopen 21. The tet on asphalt cement consicting of heating the asphalt 2 cup and passing a small test flame. a. Flash point b. Spot Testof ‘specimen in air ix 1200 g. What is the bulk specific gravity of ay oF ‘specimen? a. 2.40 b. 41.67 . 2.00 23, In a ponetration test, if the penetratil the asphalt? 0-30 b. 85 - 100 ¢. 100-115 24, Liquid limit is expressed as the moisture corresponding to how many no of blows? ‘a. 20 Blows b. 26 blows ©. 24 Blows 25. What is the required size of calibrated sand used for field density test? a. Passing No. 10 and retained No.200 b. Pass 30 retained 50 26. How many samples should be taken for every 75 cu.m of fresh concrete” a. 1 set consist of 3 cylinders b. 2 sets of 3 Cylinders 27. What is the rate of application of bituminous tack coat? a. 02-0.7Lim? b. 02-05 Lim? c 0.3-0.6 Lim? 28. If concrete cylinder is not available for a 300 pes culverts, how many Pipes shall be subjected to test? a. 6 pipes b. 3 Pipes 29. What is the requirement for flexural strength of a concrete when tested by third point loading? @. 3.80 MPa b. 4.50 MPa i« 9.0mm. What is the grade of ss Enginesr Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 - 2~ #4 What is the required mixing for 30 My. Lepart coment to 2 part cement to 6 of bitumil shall be taken for ‘a. At least 1 but not more than 3 b, At least 2 but not more than 5 ¢. At least 1 but not more than 5 ga, The apparatus used in determining the initial setting of hydraulic cement a, Vieat Apparatus b, Vacit Apparatus c. Spot Test d. Extraction Test 33. The minimum weight of sample of cement for testing. a. 10kg b. 20Kg ce Ske 34, Which of the ff. factors does not affect the workability of bituminous mixes. a, Gradation of aggregates b. Quality of Asphalt c. Temperature of Mix 4. Shape and texture of aggregates 35. Which of the ff. does not affect the compressive strength of concrete core a. manner of drilling b. Ld ratio ¢. diameter of core 4. none of the above 36. The smaller the fines modulus, the —_— materials a. The finer the materials b. The coarser jx in order to increase 87. If there's a necessity to add water to the eee peeified slump)- its workability (provided that conerete one sac dding of water How many minutes after the initial be permitted?a. 45 minutes b, 90 minutes c. 60 Minutes 38. What is the latest state of the art equipment used in the measuremeny of moisture content of soil? ‘a, Speedy Moisture Content a. The First Batch b. The Middle Batch ¢. The last batch 40, Which of the ff, is considered unsuitable material for embankment? «a. Soil w/ LL of 50% b. Soil w/ density of 1200 ke cu. «. Organic soils |) 41. Which ofthe ff. is considered euitable material for embankment? { a. Highly Organic Soils b. Soil that cannot be compacted , Soil w/ PL of 60% d. None of the above 42, The minimum compaction trial for embankment. 4. 600 sq. m b. 1500 sq.m ©. 200 sq.m 43. Concrete sample shall be molded from the cylinder mold after __ hrs. from mixing. a. 4 hours b. 24 hours ©. 36 hours ‘4. What should be the condition of sil before it is subjected to compacti a. At optimum moisture content ». At maximum wet density ¢. At maximum CBR 4. At 95% Compaction 45, The nel stability of a soil is 2400 KPa and its dry stabi its index of retained strength? me What a, 80% . 100% c. 120% What is the sampling requirement for compaction of item 201? fa. 1 sample per 1600 cu.m b. 1 sample per 1000 cu.m 1 sample per 600 cu.m 46. 47. The moisture density curve is different for each soil. which of the ff statement is true? a. There will always be max dry density at optimum m b. There will always be percent compaction at o content. c. There will always be optimum moisture content at maximum ‘compaction effort ‘ure content. mum moisture 48, As construction work progresses, you've notice that the delivered materials are different from the one tested and passed. If you are in doubt, what will you do? a. Approve the materials b. Reject c. Conduct immediate re - testing 49. Which of the ff. does not need an inspection report? a. Water b. Top soil ¢, Pavement Markings 4, Sodding 50. The type of asphaltic material that is being referred to by penetration grade, . Asphalt cement b. Asphalt mix ©. Concrete mix 51. Ifthe length of the project is 1 km and the width is 10m, how many FDT Should be conducted for item 104? a. 100 FDT ». 200 FDT.¢. 150 FDT 52, As a materials engineer, you have found out that there is @ 5, deficiency in strength of concrete specimen and it is not feasible or np advisable to obtain cores from the structure due to structure considerations, what will you do? a. Accept the materials b. Recommend payment at an adjusted price c. Remove and replace 53. In asphalt cement, 60-70 refers to what? a. Liters, b. Penetration grade c. Viscosity 54. The rate of loading in the determination of compressive strength of cylindrical concrete specimen is at a constant rate within the range of 8. 10psi ~20 psi ». 20psi - 50 psi ‘©. 30psi - 50 psi ‘55, What will be the condition of soil 8. At optimum moisture content b. At max compaction effort © When it reached the CBR requirement that can obtain 100% compaction? 56: What isthe penetration grade of sealing asphalt in PCCP? 2. Blown Asphalt R Grade 115/15 ». Blown Asphalt R Grade 120/10 © Oxidized Asphalt R Grade 115/20 57. Core test is performed to, determine the density and thickness of pavement a.To b. To determine the streny th of the pave © To know the stability of the pavement 58. in POT how do je compute the volume of the hole? . The weight he's S24 Fetained in the jar and the density of sand * filled the sand and the density of sand is known 59. It is equally bi erat Important as testing and shall be used for all materit!* b. The Materials Engineer c. The Source ump test, the aggregates are molded into ___ equal layers. 3 equal layers “lay can be made plastic by. a. by molding b. by adding water by touching with hand 62. In the slip form method of paving, the allowable slump is 2.0.5 b. Almost zero el 63. What admixture is used to reduced thermal cracking? a. Retarder b. Accelerator ¢. Fly ash 64. An experienced materials engineer, what methods can you apply an easily determining the plasticity of soil? a. By tasting the coil b. By determining its LL and PL ©. By rubbing the soil with fingers/hand ---END OF QUESTIONS—ee ersaseeKe 5 OU>>eCOesErores ANSWER KEY MARCH 2015 CONTRACTORS’ and CONSULTANTS’ MATERIALS ENGINEER WRITTEN EXAMINATION 2 24 A A 23. B B A c A B .B . B B A A A B A c ate ne RSTO NON LA ~ 204 PART V TEST QUESTIONS SEPTEMBER 2015 CONTRACTORS’ AND CONSULTANTS’ MATERIALS ENGINEER WRITTEN EXAMINATION[ACCREDITATION EXAMINATION FOR CONTRACTORS /CONSULTANTS' (MATERIALS ENGINEER {ANSIVER SHEET) Cuaminee No bate of Examination Seore Place of Examination: _ Manila INSTRUCTION IN MARKING ANSWERS, ‘Shade your answerin each tem. if you wish to change your ans ‘shade your new answer and afa your initia. asco asco aApco Tocco [Rlooo° fslocoo 210000 |nlO000 |2loo00 s]0000 |#\D OC |slooco 4{|2 000 |s]OD00 |uloooo s|COCO |xlODOO |sloooo £}0000 |nlooood |xloooo 210900 |rio90°0 |yloooo tlSOCO |wlooco |slocoo 312900 |uxlOOOO |slocco WISOSO |wlooOO |wWlocce WIOOOO |¥IOSOO |nloooo BIOOSS jnlOO0O |aloooo BISOSO |nlOD0o |slooood MISOOS |wBlODoo Julooco BISOOS |alooco |sloooo WIOSSOS |nloo0o |uloooo WIOSSS |alooo0o |nloooo MOSSS Jalooocns lalocoe WOCSS |HooGo liloooo PIPL. Isloo00 |nloooo 2IOSSO |wlocca IScoO 2OOSO lalocca iccoo MZEL9 lalooG00 Inlooos UJOSDO 210000 |nloooe L3ISOSO |plocoono |, ilSOCo ss Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~ 2 Eg CONTRACTORS! and CONSULTANTS’ MATERIALS ENGINEER WRITTEN EXAMINATION SEPTEMBER 2015 «ca: Choose the BEST answer for these questions as hard Note: Cheonce the ANSWER SHEET from the previous pa the questions. The ANSWER KEY js at the end of Tuck! ie 1, Whatis the minimum compaction requirement for an embankment? a. 80% b. 90% ce. 95% d. 100% 2. The following factors does NOT affect the strength of concrete course drilled from the structure except: a. Diameter of the core b. Length to diameter ratio cc. Manner of drilling d. None of the Above 3. What is the weight of class "A" riprap stone a, 20kg. toa max. of 35 kg with at b. 15 kg. toa max. of 26 kg with at ©. 15 kg. toa max. of 30 kg with 4. 10kg. toa max. of 25 ke wit 50% weighing 30 ke 50% weighing 20 ke. 50% weighing 25 ke. 50% weighing 20 kg. 4. What is the function of emulsifiers in liquid asphalt? a, To increase mixing abil b. To retain water in asphalt ¢. To prevent asphalt from hardening 4. To enable asphalt and water to mix 5. Which of the following is NOT authorized to test materials for use in DPWH projects? ! a. Any DPWH-accredited private testing aba b. Any testing laboratory ofa local government ¢. Any DPWH-Implementing Office Laboratory d, DOST Testing laboratoryMaterials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~ 2~ 94 6. What is NOT the most commonly accepted measure of the hardnogs of concrete? ¢. Petrographic test 4. Fractured face test 7. The temperature of a 7.0 cu.m bituminous mix delivered at the project site is 20 degrees centigrade lower than the required nm temperature require by the job-mix formula. As the b. Advise the contractor to spread the mixture in one layer only c. Reject the delivered materials 4, Adjust the job-mix formul 8. Which of the following is NOT a type of volume change of concrete? a. Air content b, ‘Temperature changes ¢ Shrinkage d. Creep 9. A soil compacted dry will reach a certain dry density. If compacted again with the same compacted effort, but this time with water in soil, the dry density will go higher because: the water lubricates the grains and allows them to s denser structure b. iris forced out of the soil more space is left for the soil solids 4. all of the above 10. Portland cement is called because: a. it mainly comes from Portland, Oregon, USA b. it was originally registered as a trade name in the island of Portland © it resembled cement obtained by gris I rocks 4, Bid on the Ine Patan! oe Ste it was mainly the idea of its inventor, Mr. Joseph Aspdin 11. The purpose of cap; ping con r a Pe ek 1g concrete cylinders prior to testing £0! 4. protect the ends of the cylinder from premature breakin€ resulting from improper application of load cc. prevent d, to maintain the vert ia the class of concrete used for bedding and after each layer of .e in rubble concrete a. Class A b. ©, 4. 3. The amounts of material passing No. 60 and No. 100 sieves are important to concrete aggregates because: ‘a. the minimum amount of these fine-sand sizes are required to ensure that the surface can be finished easily to an acceptable degree of smoothness b. the maximum amount of these fine-sand sizes are required to ensure that the cement paste is sufficient to cover each particle c. an excessive quantity of fines would result in an uneconomical mix 4. All of the above 14. A transit mixer for road construction was found to have a 6" slump of fresh concrete instead of the required 3°. What will you recommend if you are the assigned Materials Engine a. Add Portland cement to attain the required 3° slump >. Add Portland cement and fine aggregate to attain the required 3” slump ¢. Reject the concrete mixture d. Let the concrete mix diverted for pouring on column for retaining wall of the same project. 15. Ifbeam samples taken from a newly paved section failed to meet s strength requirement and it is not advisable to obtain cores TN structure due to structural considerations. a8 a Materials EPR what will you do if the deficiency in strength of the Specimens is 15%? cl 4. Reject the section represented by the failed spreimeen , Rework the section represented by the filed spo ©. Accept the section at an adjusted price due deficiency. a preparedMaterials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~ 2 d. Modify the concrete mix design 16, The improper compaction of an embankment material will result 1, the following except: Minimize compressibi b. Decrease soil permeal Ly ¢. Increase shear strength and d. Decrease voids spaces 17. In concrete pouring, large vari Its were observed. Thin shall be remedied by’ Taking the average test result to ensure it i above the specifications requirement b. Checking the calibration of the compressi c, Reviewing the mix design, mat condition in the batehing process 4. Allof the above he jeance of the Joss on ignition test of cem¢ a. Miva measure of the heat generated when cement is mixed with water. prechydration or moisture uptake of cement while it is shelved ‘ measure of the resistance of cement when exposed to 4. None of the above 19. What test determines the res ‘asphalt concrete mix? nce to deformation of a wy Test d. Durability Test 20. What is the minimum test requirement for riprap boulders? 4. Stone size and specific gravity b, Stone size or weight tost and askessment of stone soundnoss ©. Stone size or weight test and abr: d. Abrasion test only ection report of ion tost 21, Consolidation test is usually performed on samples. ineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~2~ eg patertal Disturbed Undisturb pose mpacted 429, Unconfined compressive strength testis usually performed ‘a. Sandy hi crete has attained a compressive strengt 25 MPa € Admixtures include accelerators and retarders d. Bigger size aggregates are preferred as more vou le for cement bonding wing properties of asphalt mix can be determined in a core sample, except for: a. Index of Retained Strength b. Asphalt Content ity concrete core samples be submerged in 26. In how many hours sho water before subject a. Atleast 30 b. At Atleast 40 d. Atleast 4327. A conerete beam fails within middle third at 7,000 Ibs. The Nexuray strength of the sample is! a. 248 psi b. 583 psi c. 680 psi 4. 3,500 psi 28. In the process of compaction of Item 200 (Aggregate Subbase Course) which contains sandy material, only 80% density attained. What is your recommendation in order to comply with 100% minimum degree of the compaction? a. Adjust the water content 90. The apparent omission of a detailed description or definition concerning the quality of materials in the plan and specification shall be regarded to mean that: @. any material can be used b. materials of firet class quality are to be used © materials that are recommended by the contractor can be used d. none of the above 31. Stability of an asphalt pavement is the ability to resist shoving and rutting under traffic loads. &. more medium size sand b. angular and rough aggregates © more asphalt 4. bande 92. The spot test on asphalt is used to determine: &. overheating dunng manufacture b. overheating during construction © the amount of spot per unit volume Materials Engineer Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 ~ 2» pg d. the amount of spot per unit aren t is used to measure pavement surface irregularity? = a Falling Weight Deflectometer b. Pendulum apparatus c. Dynamic Cone Penetrometer Apparatus d. 3-meter straight edge density of a bituminous mix 97%. If the density of he labora Mot leted asphalt pavement 18 95%, what s the degree of the new! ‘compaction? a, 95% b. 97% 98% d. 102% 35. The following can be used to help stabilize slope except a. Vetiver grass hedgerows b. Legumes c. Grass cover a. Coconut Tree 36. The following test can be performed on disturbed samples from soil exploration, except: a. Grading test b. Unit weight and quantity of organic matter ©. Consolidation test 4. Liquid and plastic limit 87. The workability of a bituminous mix is dependent on the’ a. gradation of aggregates b. temperature of mix ©. asphalt content 4. shape and texture of aggregates 38. Tn bituminous plant-mix surface course, the temperature ofthe mi shall have an allowable 8. +5 Degrees Celsius b. 410 Degrees Celsius © £15 Degrees Celsius 4. 420 Degrees Celsius20 Matertats Examination Reference Vol. 1.1 2~ eq 39, The rate of loading of the machine will somehow affect the strength cf the materials being test. The rate of loading th that must be observed ‘hen testing the concrete cylinder specimen 40. When the top surface of a concrete specimen is rough and not truly plane.

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