a meme meee eee eee eS ae SSS CONTENTS Page No. GENERAL «Introduction 1 Objectives 1 Results 1 2. Summary of Well Data 3 Location Diagram Figure 1 4 Seismic Map-Top Brent Sand Figure 2 5 3. Rig Positioning 6 Bottom Hole Location and TVD 6 Final and Bottom Hole Location diagram 7 Hole Deviation - Horizontal 8 Hole Deviation - Vertical Figure 5 9 4,, Site Investigation Survey 10 Summary 10 Prognosis vs. Results Log of Shallow Sediments ul 5. Associated Report Listing. 12 GEOLOGY 6. Geological Discussion 4 Geological Data Sheet 1 4s Geological Data Sheet 2 16 Geological Synopsis Figure 7 7 Composite Log Picks 18 Prognosis vs. Results 29 Seismic line across location Figure 8 31 Core Analysis Results 32 Porosity vs. Permeability Figure 9 4, Further evaluation 45, Sidewall Core Description 46 Brent Sand Sedimentology Summary a7 Brent Sand section Figure 10 49 Clay Analysis of 5 samples 50 XRD diagrams (Paleoservices) Figure 11 52 Petrographic Evaluation of selected core plugs (Poroperm) 53 7. Biostratigraphy and Geochemistry 56 Introduction 36 Stratigraphical Summary (Paleoservices) 57 Conclusions (Paleoservices) 59 Summary of Conclusions - HTSC Repert 62Summary of Source Characteristics (HTSC) 64 Vitrinite Reflectance versus Maturation Figure 12 65 Summary of Source E valuation Report (GS&T) 66 Maturity Assessment (Paleochem) 67 Analysis of oils recovered from mud 68 Analysis of Oil Extract from Core Sample (IKU) 69 GC of Total HC Extract Figure 13 70 GC of Saturated HC Extract Figure 14 7 LOGGING 72 |. Mudlogging and Hydrocarbon Shows 72 Introduction m4 Discussion of Litholog 5 9. The Pressure Log 78 Pore Pressure Gradient 81 Middle Jurassic Pore Pressure Gradients Figure 15 82 Leak off tests 83 10. Wireline logging 84 Log Quality Control a5 Log Listing Log Run summary Figure 16 90 LL. Velocity Survey 1 Seismic travel time vs. depth Figure 17 93 Offset Source survey Figure 18 34 12 Formation Temperatures 5 Log Temperature Listing 96 Temperature vs. Depth jqure 19 97 13. Log interpretation 98 Upper Jurassic Heather Formation Density/Neutron Crossplots Figures 20-21 99-100 Middle Jurassic Brent Sand 101 Density/Neutron Crossplots Figures 22-25 102-105 Lower Jurassic Dunlin & Statfjord Sands 106 Density/Neutron Crosspiots Figures 26-30 107-111 14, Dipmeter Interpretation (Exploration Computing) 3 Histogram Plots Figures 31-34 116-119 Vector Plots Figures 35-46 120-131, 15 Repeat Formation Tester 132 Brent Formation Pressure Plot Figure 47 133 Brent Formation Mud Hydrostatic Plot Figure 48 135 Lower Jurassic Pressure Plot Figure 49 140SS em we ee eee See eee ee ee ee Lower Jurassic Mud Hydrostatic Plot Figure 50 141 RFT Results Listing 143 16 PVT Analysis of RFT Samples 146 RFT 5/1 (Statoil) 147 RFT 4/1 (Core Lab) 159 RFT 5/1 (Core Lab) 162 OPERATIONS 17 Summary of Drilling Operations 164 Drilling Time & Cost vs. Depth ‘ — Figure 51 167 18 Daily Summaries 168 19 Mud Report (Anchor Drilling Fluids) 199 Summary of Events 199 Recommendations 201 20 Bit Record 203 21 Casing Abandonment Diagram Figure 52 205 22 Cement Report (Halliburton) 206 Cement plugs Figure 53 207 23 Formation Testing Report (HTSC) 208 CBL over DST 3&4 Intervals Figures 54-57 224-227 Pressure Buildup DST 3&4 Figures 58-59 228-229 RFT Pressure Plot - Brent Sand Figure 60 230 24 Formation Test Data (Halliburton) 231 25 DST Pressure test data (Sperry-Sun) 235 26 OST Report (EXPRO) 239 27 Reservoir Fluid Study (Core Lab) 247 PVT data Figures 61-66 257-262a\ GENERAL 1. Introduction Well 35/8-1 was drilled by Norwegian Gulf Exploration Co. A/S as the first committment well of Production Licence 058. The well is situated 145 km northwest of Bergen, Norway, in the central part of the present Northern North Sea basin (figure 1). Licencees of Block 35/8 and their interests are as follows: Licence Percentage Norwegian Gulf Exploration Co. A/S 30 (Operator) Norske Getty Exploraton Co. A/S 20 Den Norske Stats Oljeselskap A/S 50 : TOTAL ++ 100 Objectives The principal objective of this well was to test the hydrocarbon potential of sandstones within the Jurassic section beneath the Late Cimmerian Unconformity. At the location, these sandstones from a structural trap where they dip westwards within a N-S trending horst block (Fig.2). The Jurassic section was anticipated to be comparable to that of the East Shetland Basin , but with a greater sand to shale rati The absence of an appreciable Lower Cretaceous section was predicted so that no further reservoirs were anticipated above the Late Cimmerian Unconformity. Results The well was drilled to a Total Depth of 4346.5m (14,260ft) KB, bottoming in Triassic (Rhaetian) age sediments. The well was plugged and abandoned as a gas/condensate discovery. Indications of hydrocarbons while drilling occured in Upper, Middle and Lower Jurassic sandstones. Thirteen cores, totalling 187m (614ft), were cut in the Brent Sand reservoir. Coring continued until hydrocarbon shows were no longerOm ee me me ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee me ee encountered. Two successful tests of the Middle Jurassic sands resulted in flow rates of 0.65 MMSm3 (23 MMSCFD) gas, with 218 Sm3 condensate (1370 BOPD), and 0.92 MMSm3 (32.4 MMSCFD) gas, with 229 Sm3 condensate (1439 BOPD). Log analysis indicated a gross hydrocarbon column of 140.5m (461ft) , @ gross hydrocarbon sand thickness of 115m (377ft) and an apparent net hydrocarbon thickness of 94m. Average porosity in the net sand is 17% with an average water saturation of 25%. Values given for net sand count are provisional as reservoir quality is complex and cut-off values used here may be in error. Apparent residual oil was indicated below the gas column in the Brent and in both Lower Jurassic sands (Intra Dunlin and Statfjord).ummary of Well Data Operator Area Licence Well No. Location Seismic Location RKB to MSL Water Depth Rig Contractor Mobi d Rig . Spudded Reached TO Rig Released Total Depth(Driller) Total Depth(Schlumberger) TvD(Sperry Sun) Status Test Results Choke Size Interval Flow Rates GOR Norwegian Gulf Exploration Company A/S Norwegian North Sea PL 058 35/8-1 619 21! 26.37" North 030 21' 44.09" East ine 79-2-35A, Shotpoint 460 25.9m (85 ft) 376.4 (1235 ft) Sedco 704 Southern Drilling Company 21 July 1980 27 July 1980 4 December 1980 24 January 1981 4344.9m (14255 ft) 4346.5m (14260 ft) 4343.5m (14250 ft) Plugged and Abandoned Gas/Condensate Discovery 19mm 3565.5 to 3575.7m KB 920,000 Sm3/day Gas 172 Sm3/day Condensate 5232 Sm3/Sm3mn nn Eee eee eee SCALE - 1: 50,000 C.1. = 0-025 sec. 3577 | 35/8. A Fig.2 SEISMIC MAP - TOP BRENT SAND3. Rig Positioning The rig was moved to the location in Block 35/8 under its own power with towing jalder Vaasa, Smit Lloyd 111 and Smit Lloyd 112. assistance from Decca Survey Norway A/S contracted for the navigation of the rig which was carried out by using Pulse-8. The final position of the rig was determined by Satellite navigation and ist Latitude 619 21" 26.37" N Longitude 039 21' 44.09" E The final position is 39.15m , on a bearing of 2619, from the intended location of shotpoint 460 on seismic line 79-2-35A (Fig. 3)- Bottom Hole Location and True Vertical Depth(TVD) This was calculated by Sperry Sun International Inc., as being 41.4m on a bearing of 1750 10" from the surface location, The true vertical depth at 4344.9m (14255 ft) KB is 4343.5m (14250 ft) - (See figs 3 to 5).A 35/8 -1 FINAL AND BOTTOM HOLE LOCATION DIAGRAM REQUIRED LOCATION FINAL LOCATION 61° 21° 26-37"N go-15m,_261 7 BOTTOM HOLE LOCATION 41,4m, § 4°50°E (from ‘spud location) SCALE 1:500 NHO. FEB. 1981 FIG.3(naam ae ee eee ee le oo - west NORWEGIAN GULF EXPLORATION CO. A/S: HOLE DEVIATION PLOT 35/8-1 HORIZONTAL peanr sun PROJECTION 7 TRUE NORTH cast amr 3 ercer 8 \ 16 } a Je \ 96 | 5 104 | juspe| 8 120 \ 128 Tres. | 4089 e422 south ND. FEB. 1981 FIG.4NORWEGIAN GULF EXPLORATION CO. A/S VERTICAL PROJECTON HOLE DEVIATION PLOT 35/8-1 SPERRY SUN =) 1350 800 5400 6000 bepTH VERTICAL TRUE 100s? 1400 ~ 11521 “ rn) “08s 2086 12600 13200 3078 13800 VERTICAL SECTION IS_I35-8If, ALONG _s 4°50" E oo 2 & 6 6 6 ie 4 32 40 4a 56 64 72 6 68 96 104 112 120 18 ihe VERTICAL SECTION (FEET) NM.O. FEB. 1981 FIG.5.4, Site Investigaton Survey (Aquatronics) In compliance with NPD regulations, a site investigation survey was carried out prior to drilling. The survey was designed to investigate seabed conditions, predict shallow geology and detect any possible occurences of shallow gas. A detailed report from Aquatronics is available from the operator, upon request, together with a report from Surcon International, who supervised the survey on behalf of Norwegian Gulf Exploration Company A/S. Summary of results of Aquatronics' survey The water depth at the final proposed drilling site was predicted to be 373m (corrected to lowest astronomical tide, +/- 3 metres). Actual measured water depth was 376.4 metres. The seabed is essentially flat and consists of a very soft silty clay. Sediment type and the presence of pockmarks indicated the soils to be very weak. This prediction was confirmed as eventually piggy-back anchors had to be run on each primary anchor. An area of "high amplitude anomalies" was observed on the shallow seismic records to the west of the well location and interpreted as being the expression of a shallow gas accumulation. This anomalous reflector is at a depth of 260m sub- seabottom and extends to within 400m of the well location. At the well, where the reflector is not anomalous, this marks the top of a sandy section with clay interbeds("Orange >Reflector" A north-south trending fault, downthrown to the east, was seen on the shallow seismic, forming a boundary to the amplitude anomaly just west of the well. This fault was predicted to cut the proposed 35/8-1 well at between 1080 and 1280 metres KB. This may be represented by the apparent top of the Upper Eocene Sand Formation at 1218 metres KB. The following table and fig 6 give details of the shallow geology and compare the predicted section with that encountered by the well.imme ee ee eee eee ee PROGNOSED SEISMIC ACTUAL LITHOLOGY CASING DEPTH KB DEPTH HORIZON DEPTH -METRES SEABED _402-3m . TATE PLEISTOCENE FROM m 42"d4i21m 400 PENETRATION TEST AT 416-5m ~~~ UNNAMED , ait Samptes| 5143m oaly + 500 BROWN- ?EARLY PLEISTOCENE _ 555 /LATE PLIOCENE =~ 969 ~~~ ba 30" 0565-1m 623m + opance aa P °° a Sond UNNAMED - 650m 77 + 700 EE] cay Sand Sis. + 800 ? MIOCENE =~ 816 m ba. 20" 2) 877.5m °: + 900 32:30. GREEN Sand “s ousocene = 964m + 1000 + 1100 423m Sh BLUE " cocene — 166m Cist sitet L i200 EOCENE SAND - 1218m Sond LOG OF SHALLOW SEDIMENTS - 35/8-1 DHB JAN IS981 FIGS-12- Associated Report Listing 1 2 10 a 12 13 14 15 16 7 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 2 28 Well Site Assessment 715/w Site Survey Supervision Navigation and Positioning of Sedco 704 Rig Positioning Supervision Well Completion Report - Mud and Pressure logging Well Summary - Mud Re-cap Gulflog Computation Summary and Cross-plots Dipmeter Interpretation: Cretaceous/Upper Jurassic Dipmeter Interpretation: Middle/Lower Jurassic CPI Listing and cross-plots Brent 11/11/81 CPI Listing and cross-plots Lower Jurassic 8/1/81 CPI Listing and cross-plots Lower Jurassic 25/1/81 (Fairfield Aquatronics) (Surcon) (Decca) (Surcon) (Gearhart Geodata) (Anchor Drilling Fluids) (HTSC)* (Exploration Computing)* (Exploration Computing)* (Schlumberger) (Schlumberger) (Schlumberger) GLOBAL CPI Listing Middle & Lower Jurassic 28/3/81 (Schlumberger) Core Analysis Results Reservoir Fluid Study RFT 5/1 Partial Fluid Study RFT 4/1 Compositional Analysis RFT 5/1 Formation Testing, Service Report Pressure Survey Report DST Operations Report Test Procedure and Analysis of Data Stratigraphical/Paleontological Final Report Integrated Biostratigraphy, Paleoenvironment and Burial History Semi-quantitative Clay Analysis of 5 clay samples Sedimentological Study of Brent Organic Geochemistry Hydrocarbon Source Bed Evaluation Single Sample Maturity Assessment (GECO) (Statoil) (Core Lab) (Core Lab) (Halliburton) (Sperry Sun) (EXPRO) (HTsc) (Paleoservices) (HTSC)* (Paleoservices) (Univ. of Bergen)* (HTsc)* (Get) (Paleachem)= 13 - 29 Single Sample Analysis of Oil Extract from Core 30 Well Velocity Survey and CVL Report 31 Synthetic Seismogram Report 32 Vertical Seismic Profile Report 33 Offset Source Survey Report 34 Whole Core Analysis 35 Petrological Study of 20 Brent Core plugs (Ku) (ss) (ssl) (SSL) (ssL)* (Core Lab) (Poroperm Lab)* Reports marked with an asterisk(*) are not included with the routine trade data. However, summaries of most of the conclusions from these and other reports are included in this completion report.GEOLOGY 6. Geological Discussion An adequate description of the lithologies can be found on the Composite Log, on the Mudlog and in the biostratigraphic report. Discussion here is limited to the reasons for choosing litho and chrono-stratigraphic boundaries,’ whether based on log character alone or on paleontological grounds. All depths are expressed in metres below RKB, as logged by ISF/Sonic and match those of the Composite Log. Samples were collected as follows: Every 10 metres from 590 to 2500m Every 5 metres from 2500m to 3200m Every 3 metres from 3200m to 3522.6m Continous core from 3522.6mto 3709.65m Every 2 metres from 3709.65 to Total Depth A fiftyone shot sidewall core programme resulted in only 15 recoveries from the Triassic and Lower Jurassic. The stratigraphical nomenclature in this report is based in as far as is appropriate on the IGS/NPD publication 77/25. "A standard lithostratigraphic nomenclature for the Central and Northern North Sea". This also forms the basis from which the Paleoservices biostratigraphic report for the well was compiled. Where possible, the first occurrence of significant microfaunas has been included on the Composite Log. This has been done to facilitate correlation with other wells drilled by companies whose own interpretation of the chronostratigraphical significance of these ‘typical! faunas and floras differs from Gulf's. All first occurrence depths given refer to the top of the interval from which the sample was taken. Well Data sheets and a geological synopsis (Figure 7) follow.. HL B78 cone Seen a NORWEGIAN GULF WELL DATA SHEE? 1D at .:4346,5.m. in, TRIASSIC formation ie COMPANY. Norwegian Gulf RIG. SEDCO 704 STATUS. p , A gas/condensat LonGiTUDE.619 21" 26.37" N PICK UP RIG. 21 July 1980 _| SPUDDED. 27 July 1980 LATITUDE. 03° 21' 44.09" E REACHED TD. 4 Dec. 1980 | RELEASED RIG. 24 Jan.1961 Comments: Tested two intervals in Middle Jurassic Brent a we Best. (DST 4) flowed 32 MMSCED with 1439 BCPD (0.92 MMSm3 and 229 Sm) from 3566 - 3576 m. STATIGRAPHIC TOPS Subsea Depth KB Deoth | Thickness meters [feet TWT (secsi| meters meters [feet ‘Sea bed ? Recent = 376.4 402.3 Late Pleistocene circa > 390.5 416.5 [a Systems / Series | Stage / Unit Base Boulder Cla = 199 325 NORDLAND GROUP Late Pliocene-Early Pleistocene? 570 UTSIRA FM _(?) Miocene = 0.302 | 818 NORDLAND GROUP 78-5 ‘Late Oligocene = 938 1.034 964 Mid - Early Oligocene circa -1099 i125. Eocene =1140 T.240_| "1166 UPPER EOCENE SAND 1192 1.292 [1218 LONER EOCENE SAND. =1381 1.466 | 1407 Late Palaeocene-Early Bocene | —1644 1670 ROGALAND GROUP 95.5. ‘BALDER FM =1656.5 1.698 | 1682.5 | SELE FM =I719 1.752_| 1745 Palasocene =I7sd 1760 UPPER LISTA FM =I756 1. 7e4_| 1782 PLOWER LISTA FM =1795 1.822 {1621 MAUREEN FM EQUIVALENT 1644 1.864 | 1870 ‘SHETLAND GROUP 1275-5, ‘Maastrichtian =T866.5, T.882_| 1892.5 Waastrictian =I9IE, T3940. ‘Campanian =2031 2057 ‘Santonian_ ‘circa=2519 2545 ‘Coniacian circa=2759 2780 Turonian top not identified 7, ? TORONIAN MARE EW =302L, 2.706 | 3047 BASE TURONIAN MARL EM =3092 2.742_| 3118 ‘Cénomanian, saa Ti2_| 3170.5 Barly Cretaceous ‘CROMER KNOLL “GROUP” 33] ‘RODBY FM EQUIVALENT, ‘Albian =3146 Z.7TS_|_317z Hauterivian-Barrenian =3152 3178 Tate Jurassic : HUMBER GROUP 330.5 KIMMERIDGE CLAY FM ” ELE BIUEELELE Tea : |_ 35/871 w ~ NORWEGIAN SHEET 2 1 GULF WELL DATA SHEET wo 4346.50 in_ TRIASSIC formation I COMPANY. AIG. STATUS. LONGITUDE. PICK UP RIG. SPUDDED. I LATITUDE. REACHED TO. RELEASED RIG. Comments : Ke wo : STATIGRAPHIC TOPS 1 ar Bap [is i ceaaisheemeeeinasediadaases meters | feet TWT (secsi] meters — | meters | feet Late Kinmeridgian-Barly Portlandian3159.5| 2.784 3185.5, I HEATHER EM Early Kinmeridgian =3174 3200 HEATHER SANDS =3192.5 2.806 3218.5 I Oxfordian circa [=3197 3220 HEATHER SHALES Late Callovian-Early Oxfordian — [=3232 7.828 3258 Callovian =3269 3295 Il Barly Callovian. =3359) 3385 [CALLOVIAN_UNCONFORMETY. ‘Bathonian-Early Callovian = 3389 2.930 3415 I ‘Bathonian 3434 3460 BRENT FCP 228, ‘TARBERTMENBER =34507 2.998 3516 I NESS MEMBER. =3552 3.031 3578 se Early Bajocian-Barliest Bathonian| -3567 3593 ETIVE MEMBER 5.056 627.5 [GAS —LIQUID CONTACT 3631 3.070, 3657 a RANNOCH MEMBER = 3654 3.084 3680 RANNOCH SHALE, =3689 7 BROOM MEMBER =377 3743 I DONLEN EM/GE 349 [DRAKE MEMBER ‘Toarcian-Early Bajocian =370 ss 37H TRONSTONE MARKER Gircal 3789 3815 I COOK MEMBER =3805 S166 | 3831 ‘late Pliensbachian-early Toarcian|—3821 3847 BURTON EMBER, Circal 3956 3.28 3982 I ‘AMUNDSEN MEMBER ‘Sinemurian-PLiensbachian =3565 7 | 3995, ISTATFJORD_FM/GP. I NANSEN MEMBER =4067 3.300 4093 "ERIKSON MEMBER =4087 3.310 4113 STATFJORD COAL MENBER =4215 3.372, 4241 BASAL STATFIORD_SAND =a277 3.406 4303 I [Triassic Rhaetian =H301 4527 | FINAL TOTAL DEPTH =a315 F346.5 TRUE VERTICAL DEPTH 4317.6 3.406 4343.5maori oneal ae ee ae SE SB eee 2 42 2S CS DEPTH METRES 35/8-1 GEOLOGICAL SYNOPSIS SEA LEVEL SEISMIC HORIZON PLEISTOCENE BOULDER CLAY — = BROWN PLIOCENE CLAY/ SAND — — ORANGE 2 AN _7 MIOCENE SAND a OLIGOCENE SILTSTONE 5 — PALE awe EOCENE SANDSTONE PALAEOCENE CLAYSTONES WITH TUFF UPPER CRETACEOUS CLAYSTONE THIN CONDENSED LOWER CRETACEOUS SHALES. ~~ BE UPPER JURASSIC "HOT' SHALE UPPER JURASSIC (HEATHER SHALE WITH THIN SANDSTONES) = PINK MIDDLE JURASSIC BRENT SAND LOWER JURASSIC OUNLIN SANDSTONES @ SHALES LOWER JURASSIC STATFJORD SANDSTONE @ COAL - — = ORANGE T.0. IN. TRIASSIC SANDSTONE / CLAYSTONE mance isi m0. FIG.7- 18 - Composite Log Picks Recent/Late Pleistocene (402.3m - 416.5m +) A sample of soft clay from 14.2m below the seafloor was dated as late, Pleistocene. It forms the upper part of a thick glacial till unit. Recently deposited, post-Glecial clays must therefore be very thin at this locality. Tertiary (525m - 1892.5m) NORDLAND GROUP (525m - 964m) Pliocene - ?€arly Pleistocene (416.5m +m - 818m) The upper part of this unit is essentially Pleistocene till, the base of which has been equated with a drop in gamma ray level at 525m. It comprises grey-brown clay with sandy to boulder-sizeg fragments of metamorphic basement, occasionally showing glacial strie. Numerous chalk fragments are also present with late Cretaceous forams. The 30" casing was set below the glacial till at 565m, in the gravels, sands and clays of Pliocene and possibly early Pleistocene age. These sediments prograde in a north-westerly direction. A Pliocene age below 570m is confirmed by the appearance of Cibicides Jobatulus grossa and Neogloboquadrina pachyderma, the former being considered a Late Pliocene marker. Methane was recorded in the sands from about 580m down to 850m. liocene (818m - 964m) No diagnostic fauna was recorded from these sands. At the well location they lie beneath the extensive north-westerly prograding Pliocene deposits. This sand body appears on seismic to have a lenticular cross-section. The'sand lens lies on silts of Late Oligocene age and is therefore considered to be of probable Miocene age.- 19 - HORDALAND GROUP (964m - 1682.5m) Qligocene Late (964m - c.1120m) The top of this interval coincides with the green shallow seigmic reflector and has been placed at the marked lithological break at 964m, where the ?Miocene sands pass abruptly into an argillaceous and glauconitic siltstone. A late Oligocene age is indicated by the benthonic foraminifera which occur frequently in this interval, and include Turrilina alsatica, Gyroidina soldani, and rarer Elphidium sp. cf. latidorsatum and Asterigerina gurichi- Oligocene Early-Mid (c.1120m - 1166m) The top of the Middle Oligocene is taken at the first appearance of Rotaliatina bulimoides, but a Middle/Early Oligocene boundary cannot be assigned due to the otherwise sparce fauna. Eocene (c. 1166m - 1670m) The highest possible Eocene faunas occur at 1150m, but this may just represent a later range here than recorded elsewhere. The lithological break from Oligocene silts to silty claystone at about 1166m coincides with the blue shallow seismic reflector and is tentatively accepted as the top Eocene datum. Two Eocene sand units, identified as Upper and Lower Eocene Sand Formations here, have been picked on log and obvious lithological grounds. A 5 metre thick volcaniclastic claystone at 1520m may prove to be of use for local log correlation. ROGALAND GROUP (1682.5m - 1892.5m) This interval has been subdivided lithostratigraphically, and correlations have been drawn from surrounding wells. None of the lithostratigraphical boundaries coincides with a paleontological one, so the former is discussed within the framework of the time divisions.Sno Late Pal@ocene - Early Eocene (1670m - 1760m) The only ‘in-place’ microfossil offering time-significance is Coscinodiscus sp.1_ which is a marker fossil of the Late Paleocene - Basal Eocene "tuff series", This time interval includes the lowest 12m of the Hordaland Group, the entire Balder Formation and part of the Sele Formation of the Rogaland Group. The Balder Formation is recognized lithologically and by log correlation as the silty voleaniclastic variegated unit, containing thin limestones, while the Sele Formation is placed on the basis of log character (decrease in resistivity and sonic velocity) as compared with other wells, and on the disappearance of volcar debris. Paleocene (1760m - 1892.5m) The top Paleocene is marked by the appearance of large specimens of Bolivinopsis spectabilis among a general influx of other agglutinating Foraminifera. At 1870m, species regionally characteristic of the Lower Palzocene (including the Danian) appear, ‘such as Globigerina triloculinoides and Globorotalia pseudobulloides. These species suggest that a thin Early Paleocene section may be present. The Lista Formation, wholly within the Paleocene, has been subdivi fed into Upper and Lower units on the basis of the higher part showing consistently lower velocity. It is hoped that this distinction will be correlatable in subsequent wells in the block. A thin "Maureen equivalent" Formation is equated to the Danian based on the regional extent of such maris at this level. CRETACEOUS — (1892.5m - 3185.5m) LATE CRETACEOUS (1892.5m - 3172m) SHETLAND GROUP (1892.5m - 3172m) LATE CRETACEOUS (1892.5m - 3172m) Maastrichtian (1892,5m - 2057m) The top of the Maastrichtian is picked at an increase in restivity and sonic velocity but is dated by the extinction of the following planktonic foraminifera association: Pseudotextularia elegans, Racemiquembelina fructicosa, Rugoglobigerina rugosaGlobotruncanella havanensis, Globigerinelloides messinae. The —palynomorphs Aquilapollenites spp. and Spongodinium delitiense at 1920m, support the dating while the appearance at 1940m of Reussella szajnochae and Abathomphalus mayaroensis marks the top of the Maastrichtian succession below the regionally distinct Late Maastrichtian phase. The appearance of white chalky limestone beds at the top of the Cretaceous is an useful indicator of’ this level while drilling. Otherwise, the lithology is a monotonous, occasionally silty, grey claystone. Campanian (2057m - 2540m) Highest Campanian beds are recognized by the association of red-stained claystone/marl and red-stained fossils, particularly Reussella szajnochae vars, Pseudogaudryinella capitosa and Globotruncana arca. The palynomorphs Odontochitina spp. support the faunal conclusion. An increase in resistivity and sonic velocity has been chosen to mark the precise top. The lithology continues to be grey claystone. Santonian (c.2540m - c.2780) Foraminiferal evidence for the top of the Santonian is provided by the regional association of Radiolaria with the following species: Globotruncana paraventricosa, Whiteinella baltica, Eponides concinna and Stensioeina granulata polonica. The monotous claystone lithology continues down throughout the interval. Separation between the Rild and Rsfl is more regular than in the Campanian. Coniacian - Turonian (c.2780m - 3170.5m) A downward influx of planktonic foraminiferids, including the highest occurrence of Marginotruncana marginata, M.pseudolinneiana, Dicarinellacanaliculata and Hedbergella brittonensis marks top Coniacian. It is paleontologically impossible to separate Coniacian from Turonian at this locality, in the absence of short-ranging Turonian fossils. A tentative Turonian top is, however, suggested by the regionally widespread apperance of thin silty limestones, taken in 35/8-1 at 2987m. These pass down at 3047m into the Turonian Marl Formation a lithostratigraphic sequence of probable Turonian age characterised by higher sonic velocity and a lower gamma ray than the over and underlying beds.= 22 - ‘Many long-ranging spores and pollen are present below 2925m, and two which may top in the Cenomanian are recorded: Acodinium serratum and Cicatricosisporites venustus, part of the "Turonian" section could thus be of Cenomanian age. Cenomanian (3170.5m - 3172m) Only @ thin and condensed indubitably Cenomanian section exists in the well. It is characterised by the dinoflagellate cysts Qdontochitina costata, Palechystrichophora infusorioides, Pseudoceratium dettmannae and Scrinodinium campanula. The additional occurrence of abundant planktonic foraminiferids, Hedbergella delrioensis and Heplanispira in a dark shale lithology suggests contiguity with the Plenus Marl Formation a widespread late Cenomanian unit characterised by very low sonic velocity and resistivity and high gamma ray. Early Cretaceous (3172m - 3185.5m) CROMER KNOLL GROUP (3172m - 3185.5m) Albian (3172m - 3179m) A thin ?Middle Albian interval is recognised by the downhole appearance of agglutinating foraminiferids, in particular Uvigerinammina ‘pulimoides' int. sp. (sp.1-Burnhill) The palynomorph Gonyaulacysta tenuiceras, which became extinct in the Albian, is also present. The interval is marked lithologically by grey and red claystone and mar! which is easily distinguished on electric logs from the ?Plenus Marl above and the underlying calcareous unit of Barremian/ Hauterivian age, by its higher resistivity, higher sonic velocity, and uniformity of character. Early Barremian - Hauterivian (3179m - 3185.5m) AA limited palynoflora, including Sirmiodinium grossii (top of range in Barremian) and Gardodinium trabeculosum (not older than Hauterivian) diagnoses this limestone and marl unit which lies unconformably over the eroded Jurassic section.pele le ee a ee ce Ae -23- Late Jurassic (3185.5m - 23415m) Late Kimmeridgian - Early Portlandian (3185.5m - 3200m) KIMMERIDGE CLAY FORMATION (3185.5m - 3200m) The age is indicated by the rich and diverse palynomorph assemblage including the dinoflagellate cysts Wallodinium krutschii, Tubotuberglla apatela, Pareodinia kondratjevi/ Broomea jegeri, Scriniocassis weberi and Hexagonifera jurassic, and characteristic spores and pollen. The abrupt change in lithology marking the top of the interval sees the downward appearance of dark grey-brown claystone with high gamma ray and very low sonic velocity, typical hot shales. The Palaoservices top is at 3180m but this is due to the samples being 3-4m shallower than the equivalent log response due in turn to a depth discrepancy between driller's and logger's depths. There is no Early Cretaceous hot shale facies. There is probably an unconformity or hiatus at the base of this sequence. Early Kimmeridgian (3200m - 3218.5m) HEATHER FORMATION (3200m - 3516m) The passage down from sapropel rich "hot shales" into more humic shales with lower Fadioactivity and higher sonic velocity coincides with the downward appearance of Endoscrinium Juridum, which became extinct by Early Kimmeridgian time. No taxa restricted to the Early Kimmeridgian are, however, present so a Late Oxfordian age is Possible, particularly as an unconformity or hiatus is suggested by the palynological evidence at the top of these shales. HEATHER SAND MEMBER (3218.5m - 3258m) Oxfordian (3218.5m - 3258m) Although the first downhole occurrence of the Middle Oxfordian top indicator Endoscrinium galeritum occurs at about 3230m, the top of the interval is placed for convenience at 3218.5m, at the top of the first sand which have a relatively very high sonic velocity and low gamma ray response. The Oxfordian shales between the two main sands also have an uniformly higher sonic velocity than shales above or below.2 me oe oe oe ee eee = 24 - Early Oxfordian - Late Callovian (3258m - 3295m) Although spanning conventional biostratigraphic divisions this discrete unit is widespread and regionally recogni: the first downhole appearance of Gonyaulacysta areolata, Other fossils characteristic of this time appear at lower depths in this claystone sequence, particularly Nannoceratopsis pellucida and a local influx of agglutinating foraminiferids (Haplophragmoides sp.). Humic kerogen continues to dominate and there are interbeds able. It is picked on the base of the last sand and on of characteristic brown limestone and dolomite. Callovian Late Middle (3295m - 3385m) A downhole influx of abundant Chytroeisphaeridia sp.1 (Davey) which is regionally characteristic of the Callovian of the North Sea, marks the top of this unit. Other diagnostic Callovian microfossils occur throughout this claystone. Spores, pollens and sapropelic kerogen dominate the palyno assemblage. There is no apparent log response. Early Callovian (3385m - 3415m) An early Callovian age is suggested by the occurrence of abundant Dichadogonyaulax The base of this claystone interval is marked by a log character break, abrupt dip direction reversal and a change from a sapropelic to hu kerogen content. The regionally traceable "Callovian Unconformity" is thought to represent this event. Middle Jurassic (3415m - c.3750m) Bathonian - ?Early Callovian (3415m - 3460m) No distinct age-diagnostic fossils have been detected through this claystone interval, which is dated on the basis of beds above and below. Bathonian (3460m - 3516m+) The first downhole occurrence of Gonyaulacysta filapicata, a regionally ‘within Bathonian' marker, is at 3460m. The assemblage of dinoflagellate cysts present is regionally typical of the lower part of the Heather Formation. This time unit encompasses the Heather-Brent Formation boundary. The latter Formation is discussed separately.= 25 - Bathonian - Early Bajocian (Aalenian) (3516m - 3744m) BRENT FORMATION (3516m - 3744m) The Brent Formation is identified with the massive sandstone unit of approximately Mid Jurassic age, which is regionally subdivided into five members: Tarbert, Ness, Etive, Rannoch and Broom. The absence of detailed age-diagnostic fossils has meant that the Formation is best dated by the age of beds above and below it. The first appearance down of Nannoceratopsis gracilis at '3596m cannot be younger than earliest Bathonian. The five members of the Brent Formation have been identified on lithological grounds. TARBERT MEMBER (3516m - 3578m) The top is taken at the abrupt lithological change from shales and claystone of the Heather Formation down into sand. It represents prograding deltaic sand deposits the base of which lies at the top of the last thick coal of the underlying Ness Member. An upper, non calcareous distributary sand unit can be identified resting on a lower, calcareous sequence of delta front sands and silts. NESS MEMBER (3578m - 3627.5m) This interval is represented by mudstones, thin sands, coals and silty. beds, deposited in interdistributary bay/swamp environment with occasional marine influences. The base is the lowest thick shale lying above the Etive delta front sands. ETIVE MEMBER (3627.5m - 3680m) This unit consists mainly of stacked, massive delta front/fluvial sands topped by a barrier bar sequence. The base is picked at an increase in resistivity and gamma ray log response related to an increase in fine grained sand content, and mica.- 26 - RANNOCH MEMBER (3680m-c.3743m) The top of the Rannoch Member is the top of a progradational delta front sequence of upward fining micaceous sand units with frequent calcareous doggers. There is however, a general decrease in grain size with depth, such that the lowest part is developed as a very micaceous silty claystone/shale. The base is defined by the sands of the Broom member but there is little expression of this on the logs other than a loss of separation between RLLd and Rmsfls BROOM MEMBER EQUIVALENT (3743m-3744m) A thin possibly lag deposit is regionally developed at the base of the Brent Formation. It is recognized in 35/8-1 mainly by cuttings of fine - coarse quartz sand with occasional fragments of brown carbonate. It has been assigned somewhat arbitrarily to a one meter thick low gamma ray event lying at the junction between the different resistivity responses described above. The base of the Broom Gravel equivalent (3744m) is taken as the marker for the Brent/Dunlin boundary. However the following sequence of paleontological ‘events! characteristic for the Brent/Dunlin boundary zone in the northern North Sea: abundant miospores (continuing down to 3753m) abundant acritarchs (3732m - 3738m) abundant Nannoceratopsis gracilis (3741m - 3753m) influx of ostracods 3743m influx of foraminiferids 3771m influx of dinoflagellate cysts (3783m - 3786m) Early Jurassic (c.3744m - 4326m) Late Toarcian - Early Bajocian (3744m - 3847m) DUNLIN FORMATION (3744m - 4093m) DRAKE MEMBER — (3744m = 3831.) The highest 10m of claystones contain a fauna and flora similar to that of the lowermost Rannoch and Broom members above but indicate an age not older than Late Toarcian.“ee oe ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee ee Bro COOK MEMBER (5831m - 3982m) The top of the Cook Member (3831) is the first downhole sand encountered within The Dunlin Formation. In this well as elsewhere it occurs beneath an ironshot limestone marker horizon (3814m). Late Pliensbachian - Early Toarcian (5847m - 3995m) The top of this interval is picked on the regionally significant appearance downhole of small spherical palynomorphs Spheripollenites - Exesipollenites spp., an Early Toarcian event. Late Pliensbachian fossils appear lower in the well (3930m). It comprises the bulk of the Intra-Dunlin Cook Sand the base of which is taken at the increased gamma ray and decreased velocity of the underlying Burton shale at 3982m, BURTON MEMBER (3982m - 395m) The Burton Member is picked on log-lithological criteria as cuttings quality through the boundary were too poor. It comprises a dark brown silty claystone/shale below the sandy Cook Member. The obvious log break at the base occurs at 3995m. This unit also contains the last appearance (oldest occurence) of Nannoceratopsis gracilis indicating an age no older than Late Pliensbachian (3992m). Sinemurian (pars) - Pliensbachian (3996m - 4229m) This time interval can be identified only in relation to intervals above and below. It contains long ranging spore and pollen fossils. AMUNDSEN MEMBER (3995m - 4093m) The Amundsen Member of the Dunlin Formation is taken as the top of the unit marking a return to essentially sand/silt strata. STA JORD FORMATION (4093m - 4326m)ea2on NNANSEN MEMBER (4093m - 4113m) Top Statfjord Formation (Nansen Member) at 4092m is identified with the first coarse clear-milky poorly consolidated sand below the fine grained overlying unit. Sparry calcite cemented beds are regionally characteristic of the member. ERIKSON MEMBER (41 13m - 4241m) Top Erikson Member at 4113m has been picked arbitrarily where occasional shales and calcitic/dolomitic cement appear downhole, reducing the porosity of the sands. This effect is best seen as an increase in resistivity and sonic velocity. Hettangian - Early Sinemurian The incoming downhole of Trachysporites fuscus, which tops in the Early Sinemurian, characterises the top of t! terval. STATFIORD COAL MEMBER (4241m - 4303m) This member has only been recognised previously in Shell's well 31/2-1 and comprises interbedded sandstone, siltstone, shale and coal. The top and bottom are here defined by massive medium to coarse grained sandstones with low gamma ray response. BASAL STATFJORD SAND (4303m - 4326m) This lithostratigraphic unit has been separated from the overlying Statfjord Coal simply for convenience in this well. The base is picked at a marked increase - gamma ray response and resistivity, and decrease in sonic velocity all of which are associated with the first down hole appearance of Late Triassic palynomorphs. Triassic (4326m - 4346.5m+) Rhaetian (4326m - 4346.5m+) The appearance downhole of Limbosporites lundbladii and Riccisporites tuberculatus indicate sediments of Late Triassic (Rhaetian) age, but no redbed development characteristic of the underlying Cormorant Formation was penetrated.= 29 - Comparison of prognosis and results The attached seismic line (Fig.8) shows the general structural attitude of the formations encountered at the well location. The principal reflecting horizons are identified on the section, The main differences and similarities between the prognosis and the results are summarised below. The prognosis was based upon regional seismic correlations, with depth computed from seismic velocities modified according to a formula derived statistically from North Sea velocity studies. ‘As can be seen the prognosis is generally in good agreement with the results, both in picking the right seismic events and in the identification of the picked events. The greatest differences were in picking the wrong seismic event as the Top Upper Cretaceous and in the identification of the strong "Sub-Cretaceous Unconformity" reflector which proved to be the Upper Jurassic Top Heather shale horizon. Some of the differences can also be attributed to the fact that the picking of seismic events for the prognosis was made on different seismic data which are slightly phase shifted compared with the attached line. Different processing of the earlier seismic data also accounts for the interpretation of the near Base Jurassic reflector at 3.45 seconds (i.e. ane cycle too deep). Subsequent analysis of the Vertical Seismic Profile and synthetic seismogram reveal that the deep seismic reflection is caused by acoustic impedance contrasts within the zone containing the Statfjord coals and the Triassic(?) sands penetrated by the well. They also indicate that when wavelet effects are accounted for, the true vertical travel time for the peak energy of this event is 3.39 seconds. The table also shows that the velocity employed for depth prediction during the prognosis was generally too fast, except below about 4000 meters. This resulted in predictions which were too deep for horizons in the Middle Jurassic and shallower. This error reached a maximum of apprqximately 200 meters (6%) near the Sub-Cretaceous Unconformity.PROGNOSIS SEISMIC DEPTH (mm) HORIZON SUB-SEA TOP MIOCENE 483 ‘TOP OLIGOCENE 903 EOCENE nb Lw. EOCENE, ‘TURF 1685 ‘T.U. CRETACEOUS 2060 BASE TURONIAN 3160 - 30 - REFLECTION TIME (secs) 0.65 1,06 1,245 1.66 1.985 2.76 ‘SUB-CRETACEOUS UNCONFORMITY 3317 WITHIN JURASSIC 3913 NEAR BASE JURASSIC 4290 TRIASSIC 4390 2.85 3.20 3.45 3.50 CHECK SHOT TIME (secs) 1.034 1.240 1,698 1.882 2.706 2.781 2.828 2,994 3.166 3.367 3.426 RESULTS DEPTH (m) GEOLOGICAL SUB-SEA TOPS. 499 BASE PLEISTOCENE 938 TOP CLIGOCENE 1141 TOP EOCENE 1656.5 Lw. EOCENE VOLCANICS, 1866 U.CRETACEOUS ‘T.MAASTRICHTIAN 3021 ‘T.TURONIAN MARL 3160 ‘T.JURASSIC KIMMERIDGE CLAY FORMATION 3232 _-U.JURASSIC ‘T.HEATHER SHALE 3490 MIDDLE JURASSIC TOP BRENT SAND 3805 © INTRA DUNLIN SAND ‘TOP COOK SAND? 4204 STATRJORD COALS 4320 T.D. in TRIASSIC231 - Line 80-1-69 Sa Tor ONNGOCtNE ee a SS 2 Se 10r FONE ° m TOP. COOK SAND aS a SEISMIC LINE ACROSS WELL LOCATION FIG.8-32- Core Analysis Results Attached is a complete listing of the porosities, permeabilities and grain densities from the core plugs and the porosity and saturation results from the core samples. Plugs were cut every half metre in sandstones or clean siltstones; similarly saturation measurements were made every two metres. The average reservoir porosity calculated from all 324 plug analyses is 14.3%. Saturation porosities are generally lower, the average here, from 83 samples, is 12.3%. Also attached is a plot of porosity against permeability from the plug values (Figure 9). Point values are from above and circled values from below the gas-water contact (at 3659m core depth, 3657m log depth). Values outside the two boundary lines are considered non-representative of the reservoir. A mid-point line drawn between the two boundary lines indicates the following -average porosity/permeability relationships. Porosity Permeability percent millidarcies 5 0.05 0.10 12 0.30 15 1.00 Wy 10.00 19 100.00 20 1000.00 It would appear from this plot that if permeability is an important factor in calculating in-place reserves and if a value of 0.1 millidarcies could reasonably be taken as a lower cut-off, then the equivalent porosity cut-off for a net sand count would be 8%. Conversely if 1.0 millidaracy is an effective lower limit, the porosity cut off would have to be increased to 15%. This would drastically affect reserve calculations by reducing the net hydrocarbon sand to 65m (from approx. 105m). As arithmetically averaged plug permeabilities usually give much higher values than the results from drill stem tests will support both arithmetic and geometric average permeability for the two tested intervals in 35/8-1 have been calculated:-- 33 - DST No 3 Drill Stem Test permeability 113md Plug permeability - arithmetic average 451m Plug permeability geometric average 115md OST No4 115md 526md 65md This shows that plug permeabilities give an artificially high effective permeability - A cut of 1.0 millidarcies might therefore be more realistic. A plot of plug-derived porosities against porosities calculated from the FDC log (assuming a grain density of 2.65) has been made. Depth correlation was achieved by comparing the gamma ray log from the cores with that from the FOC/CNL log. This plot shows that, except in zones of good porosity above the gas-water contact, log derived porosities are pessimistic when compared to those measured in the plugs. Using plug measured grain densities; (which go as high as 2.9 gm/cc), this discrepancy is reduced somewhat but nat eliminated.-u- Fluid Saturations : Core No 1 (3522.57-3528.7m) Summation Pore Saturation Depth m. Porosity % So swt 3522.85-95 15.7 | 4.9 31.0 24.95-25.00 19.8 3.7 29.5 27.10-18 15.7 6.5 24.2 Core No 2 (3531.1m-3549.56m) 3531.50-57 16.7 6.0 25.5 33.45-54 10.9 0.0 18.6 35-50-60 17.3 4.3 25.8 37.50-59 4.8 0.0 23.8 39.45-55 10.3 5.3 23.7 41.45-55 6.2 2.2 13.2 43.40-50 9.1 1.5 26.8 4530-40 16.1 4.8 32.0 47.50-58 8.6 12.2 85.3 4945-56 ll 0.0 53.4 Core No 3 (3549.56-3567.1m) 3549.90-00 1.3 0 22.5 51.99-09 12.2 la 17.3 53.95-05 12.8 4.0 25.9 55.90-00 8.0 1.7 20.6 58.00-08 5.1 0 32.8 59.95-05 4.9 0 17.3 62.00-10 9.4 0 8.5 63.96-06 10.7 se 27.6 65.95-05 2.5 0 46.4 Core No 4 (3567.7-3569.8m) 3568.00-10 20.6 2.3 25.4 69.40-50 17.8 2.7 27.3 Core No 5 (3569.8-3587.3m) 3570.00-08 15.3 0.8 17.3 72.00-10 11.3 4.7 21.2 73.98-08 18.1 4.0 21.6 76.00.10 19.0 3.8 20.1 77.90-78.00 15.6 3.3 24.6 7990-80 .00 17.5 2.7 19.2 81.90-82.00 10.1 5.2 31.3 83.95-84.05 9.9 8.3 19.3 85.40-50 14.4 3.6 28.4 87.24-30 17.3 5.8 30.4Core No 6 3587 .50-60 89.43-50 91.43-50 93.42-50 95.42-50 97.50-57 360 Core No 7 3603.93-04, 05.84-94 07.97-08. Core No 8 3612.46-12. 18.90-19. 20.95-01. Core No 9 3629.50-57 31.47-57 33.50-58 35.50-58 38.48-56 40.50-59 42.42-52 44.52-62 46 .40-50 Core No 10 3647.47-57 49.50-57 51.36-44 53.50-58 55.50-60 57.52-62 59.50-60 61.48-58 63.51-60 65.50-58 6-01. - 35 - (3587.3-6301.8m) 15.3 2.1 10.2 4.5 12.5 16-6 06 8.3 ( 3602.43 -3610.35m) o1 12.1 11.1 07 16.1 (3610. 35-3628.1m) 56 00 05 L Gao bo (3628.1-3647. 3m) 9.9 14.4 8.5 12.5 14.6 18.7 18.3 19.2 13.8 (3647 .3-3665.95m) 13.7 11.7 14.1 14.5 18.0 19.1 21.9 3.7 12.4 16.8 oar ease WRUNUnone eobueols 36.6 67.9 21.7 48.6 20.1 16.7 6.2 20.8 20.8 28.6 46.9 25.2 6.2 30.0 24.7 18.8 25.8 27.1 24.7 43.3 36.0 34.4 37.0 25.5 24.0 20.7 37.8 38.2 39.2- 36 - Core No 11 (3665.95-3671.9) Depth m. Sum Porosity Pore Saturation 0/0 so sTU 3666.82-87 15.9 0.0 31.8 68. 28-32 20.4 0.6 34.1 68. 34-39 14.8 0.8 28.8 Core No 12 (3671.95-3690.95) 3672.34-40 11.8 0.0 28.5 75.75-77 14.0 0.9 46.9 78 .33-38 15.5 0.8 37.6 87.76-82 13.2 1.0 35.0 71.95~00 12:1 la 4920 74.00-09 14.3 0.0 32.0 76.0010 14.5 0.0 37.5 78.00-10 16-1 0.8 44.1 79.90-80.00 11.9 0.0 30.1 82.00-09 12.8 0 43.6 83.93-84.03 ib St 20.5 8607-12 1L.8 0.0 25.4 88-04-12 10.4 0.0 27.6 90.00-10 9.4 0.0 8.0 Gore No 13 (3690.95-3709.65m) 3690.98-07 10-2 1.2 24.9 92.98-06 5.8 0.0 70.2 95.00-11 1.5 0.0 37.4 96-95-05 Lea 0.0 41.2 93.80-00 12-8 0.0 38.6 3700 96-02 14.2 0.0 39.4 02.94-03 15.8 0.0 45.4 04-95-03 8.1 0.0 55.9 07.32-42 lio 0.0 52.9 0900-10 13.2 0.0 43.0 Porosity Total = 1020,4% No. of samples = 83 Average 12,38= esi Porosity and Permeability Ka Air permeability in millidarcy KL Liquid permeability (Klinkenberg corrected) He Helium porosity in percent FDC Porosity from density log Depth Porosity Hor .Perm. Gr.Dens. metres He FDC Ka KL gr/cm3 Core No 1. (3522.57-3528.7m) 3522.85-95 17.4 22.5 86 76 2.66 23.45 22.0 24.0 482 452 2.65 23.95 22.3 25-5 1206 ©1156 2.64 24.50 20.3 25.0 247-227 2.64 24.95-25 00 20.1 20.0 864 824 2.64 25.20 24.4 17.6 66 58 2.84 25.40 12.2 17-6 3.8 2.8 2.66 25.60 20.1 21.5 65 57 2.65 26.00 20.3 21-5 1263 1213 2.64 26.40 14,3 18.5 6.4 4.9 2.66 26.90 14.1 12.30 4.8 3.6 2.66 27.10-18 12.3. 10-5 3.7 2.7 2.67 27.50 18.1 9-3 40 34 2.65 27.74 N.P.p. 8-0 N.P.PL 27.87 5.5 8.5 21 17 2.78 28.20 14.5 10.5 65 57 2.68 3528.50 11:4 13.0 0473 0.49 2.67 Core No 2. (3531.1-3549.56m) 3531.50-57 16.0 14.0 22 18 2.66 32.00 23.7 20.0 2348 2268 2.64 32.50 21.7 26.0 622 592 2.65 33.00 19.8 20.0 56 4B 2.66 _ 3345-54 18.4 21.5 35 aT 2.66 34.00 11.20 27.5 0.83 0.56 2.67 34.50 20.3 24.5 491 461 2.64 35.00 13.3 14.0 3530 2440 2.68 35.50-60 16.6 17.3 52. 45 2.65 36.00 15.8 15.3 4.6 3.50 2.68 36.50 919 7.0 0.23 0.14 2.71 37.00 8.1 5-8 0.188 0.12 2.77 37-50-59 10.2 6.1 0.033 0.02 2.70 38.00 12.7. 7-5 0.44 0.28 2.70 38.50 9.9 10.0 0123 0.14 2.71 39.00 9.9 8.8 0.14 2.70 39.45-55 13.4 7.0 0.62 2.69 40.00 10.8 7-5 0.23 2.71 40.50 6.1 4-4 0.04 2.71 41.00 5.7 2.5 0.04 2.74 41.45-55 9.1 6-4 0.08 2.73 42.00 3.5 11.6 0.02 2.70 42.50 18-1 12.2 2.50 2.69 43.00 16.2 9.3 1.30 2.69 43.40-50 10.5 7.0 0.10 2.69 44.00 a tt) 0.02 2.73 44.50 5.0 9.3 0.02 2.65 45.00 19.9 17.0 3.90 2.68I = 38- Depth Porosity Permeability Gr. den: metres He FDC Ka KI gn/en? 46 45.30-40 17.0 15.3 1.90 1.40 2.69 47 46.00 4.5 4.5 0.028 0.02 2.72 48 46.50 22.3 19:5 3.40 2.50 2.70 49 47.00 20.2 23.0 2.10 1.50 2.71 50 47.50-58 20.2 17.5 2.20 1.50 2.79 51 48.00 16.0 15.3 1.00 0.68 2.71 52 48.50 14.7 913 0.34 0.22 2.79 53 49.00 12.2 9.3 0.52 0.34 2.73 54 3549,45-56 4.5 3.3 0.019 0.01 2.76 Core No 3 (3549,56-3567.1m) 55 3549.90-00 2.5 2.0 0.02 2.71 56 50.50 2.300115 0.02 2.70 57 51.00 18.6 16.4 8.60 2.68 58 51.50 11.6 8.0 0.29 2.69 59 51.99-52.09 13.7 1110 2.70 60 52.50 17.6 13.5 2.68 61 53.00 13.3 15.3 2.69 62 53.50 16.6 13.0 2.67 63 53.95-54.05 14.6 118 2.67 64 54.50 15.8 10.5 2.70 65 55.00 14.6 11a 2.69 66 55.50 7.3613 2.75 67 55.90-56.00 8.4 510 2.73 68 56.50 16.5 11.0 2.69 69 57.00 9.7 913 2.70 70 57.50 7.4 6.7 0.09 2.68 5.8 210 0.06 2.74 72° 58.50 11.0 510 0.08 2.72 73° 59.00 14.9 11:7 0.15 2.70 74 59.60 9.9 818 0.07 2.72 75 59.95-05 11.3 1110 0.13 2.70 76 60.50, 15.4 11.6 0.18 2.75 77 61.00 7.7 913 0.36 2.73 78 61.50 13.8 10:5 0.14 2.72 79 62.00-10 16.7 11.7 0.18 2.76 80 62.50 15.3 11:0 0.25 2.72 81 63.00 15.3 10:5 0.20 2.75 82 63.50 16.1 715 0.10 2.77 83 63.96-64.06 16-3 710 0.29 2.76 84 64.50 14.4 6.3 0.04 2.78 85 65.00 16.6 913 5.50 ° 2.70 8 65.50 14.8 323 1.90 2.71 78 65.95-66.05 3.4 010 0.02 2.76 88 66.50 11.8 1212 0.10 2.90 89 67.00 21.0 2714 716+ 2.64 I 71 58.00-08 BE- 39 - Depth Porosity metres He FDC Core No 4 (3567.7-3569.8m) 90 3568.00-10 18.9 23.4 91 68.45 19.5 22.6 92 69.00 15.6 23.8 93 69.40-50 19.0 21.5 Core No 5 (3569.8-3587. 3m) 94 3570.00-08 16.2 20.5 95 70.50 22.1 20.0 96 71.00 19.0 18.5 97 71.50 17.20 17.7 98 72.00-10 13.4 11.8 99 72.50 21.4 10.3 100 73.05 21.5 24.4 101 73.50 20.5 25.4 102 73.98-08 20.8 20.8 103 74.50 17.5 22.0 104 75.00 18:0 20.0 105 75.50 4.20 12.5 106 = 76.00-10 19.3 20.0 107° 76.50 22.8 18.3 108 77.00 17.1 (17.0 109 77.50 17.0 14.0 110 77.90-78.00 17-1 21.5 lll 78.50 21.4 25.5 112 79.00 21.9 24.3 113 79.50 23.2 24.3 114 79.90-80.00 23.1 20.5 115° 80.35 2.5 19.0 116 81.00 22.1 19.0 117 81.50 21.8 26.0 118 81.90-82.00 16-9 14.0 11982150 14.4 1305 120 83.00 12.6 12.0 121 83.50 16.7 10.5 122 83.95-05 10.0 9.3 123 84.50 12.3 7.5 124 85.00 6.7 3.3 125° 85.40-50 15.5 10.5 126 86.00 7.5 127 86.50 11.8 128 87.00 19.8 14.5 129° 87.24-30 18.2 16.3 Permeability Ka KL 295 275 286 266 85 75 904 864 143 128 731 691 16 13 5.1 3.8 On etl) 2727-2647 2645 © 2565 1301 1251 746 = 706 24 20 45 38 0.037 0.02 39 33 287 267 6.5 5.0 5.2 3.9 9.7 7.5 12171167 2111 © 2051 2504 2424 1118 «1068 0.091 0.01 987 947 265 245 7.1 5.4 6.0 4.6 0.83 0.56 5.7 4.3 0.113 0.07 0.22 0,14 9.059 0.03 1.8 1.3 0.21 0.13 1.4 0 1.0 10.3 8.0 1.2 0.8 Gr.Deng gm/em 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.65 2.67 2.65 2.67 2.69 2.64 2.68 2.64 2.64 2.64 2.68 2.68 2.70 2.68 2.66 2.69 2.69 2.71 2.66 2.65 2.65 2162 2.75 2.65 2.64 2.66 2.67 2.70 2.67 2.71 2.68 2.75 2.68 2.73 2.68 2.67 2.66~ - 40 - Depth Porosity Permeability Gr.Den I metres He FDC Ka KL gm/cm: Core No 6 (3587.3-6301.8m) I 130 3587.50-60 18.6 18.3 11.2 8.80 2.67 131 88.00 21.9 21.5 116 104 2.67 I 132 88.50 19:3 14.0 1.30 2.20 2.67 133 89.00 5152.0 0.637 0:02 2182 134 89,43-50 3.7 0.0 0.094 0.06 2.68 I 135 90.00 4.1 12.0 0.21 0.13 2.57 w/coal 136 90.50 14.2 12.0 0.40 0.25 2.69 137 91.00 12.6 11.0 0.41 0.27 2.72 138 91.43-50 13.0 8.0 N.HAP.P. 2.70 I 139 92.00 13.0 11.3 0.23 0.14 2.70 140 92.50 8.1 7.0 2.20 1.60 2.73 141 93.00 8.5 6.0 0.075 0.04 2.72 I 142 93142-50 912 4.4 01037 0.02 2.69 143° 94.00 71 365 0.056 0.023 2.69 144 94.50 11.2 12.0 0.093 0.05 2.62 145 95.00 3.8 4.5 0.076 0.04 2.65 146 = 95,42-50 14.7 5.7 6.30 4.80 2.68 © 147 97.00 14.4 10-5 0.95 0.64 2.69 te 148 = -97.50-57 18.6 11.0 37 31.0 2.66 E 149 98.00 13.9 18.3 0.170 0.10 2.70 le 150 3600.96-01.06 12.5 18.3 Cee (ek) 2.70 I 151 01.43 9.4 12.5 9.168 0.10 2.65 Core No 7 (3602.43-3610.35m) I 152 3603.93-04.01 10.2 4.4 2.8 2.0 “2.65 153 04.45 14.7 3.3 2.5 21 2.66 154 05.84-94 13.5 1.5 1.8 1.2 2.70 i 155 07.97-08.07 20.5 18.2 50 43 2.67 156 08.45 owes 2165 49 42 2.68 157 08.80 16.2 12.3 17 14 2.66 Core No 8 (3610.35-3628.1m) I 229 3612.46-12.50 9.0 5.8 0.66 © 0.44 2.71 230 13.00 12.10 9.3 0.36 0.23 2.71 231 13.50 No Plug Possible I 232 18.90-19.00 14.4. 11.5 1.80 1.30 2.66 233° 19.50 18.9° 15.3 7 14 2.65 234 © 20.00 14.1 18.0 0.26 0.16 2.70 235° 20.95-21.05 17.2 13.0 2.10 1.50 2.68 I 236 © 21150 14.30 12.2 0:85 = 0.57 2.69 237 22.00 12.4 9.3 0.186 0.11 2.71 I 238 0 22.45 14.8 4.4 0.94 0.64 2.711 -41- Depth Porosity Permeability Gr.Deng i metres He FDC Ka KL gm/cm: I Core No 9 (3628.1-3647.3m) 158 3629.50-57 flee a= eat) 15 2.65 I 159 30.00 20.1 25.0 63 55 2.65 160 30.50 22:7 27.5 278 258 2.65 161 31.00 17150 21.515 12 2.65 162 31-47-57 l9i6 15.3 36 30 2166 I 163 32.00 lor2 12.2 0.41 0.27 2.68 164 32.50 7.4 4,5 0.133 0.08 2.78 165 33.00 10.4 8.0 0-169 0.10 2.73 I 166 33.50 13.1 10.5 0-41 2.73 167 34.00 15.2 11.0 1.1 2.71 168 34.50 14.1 13.0 1.04 2.72 I 169 35.00 13.8 11.8 0-68 0.45 2.72 170 35.50 14l6 1o1= 0-37 0.24 2.79 171 36.00 9.7 8.5 0-151 0.09 2.73 172 36.50 19.0 15.3 4-5 3.4 2.74 I 173 36.88 11:3 810 0-28 0.18 2.73 174 38.40 16.0 25.7. 13 10 2.62 175 39.00 15:8 21.3 14 12 2.64 I 176 39.50 17.5 23.8 938 898 2.64 177 40.00 18.9 26.0 971 931 2.63 178 © 40.50-59 19.0 24.3 1392 1342 + 2.67 I 179 41.00 15.6 21.5 | 82 73 2.65 180 41.50 1910 23.0 1149 1099 2.63 181 42.00 17.5 22.5 1693 1643 2.63 182 42.42-52 20.3 19.5 1324 1274 2.63 I 183 43.00 15:9 17.5 79 70 : 2.66 1c4 43.50 cry) FR) ey) 84 2.65 185 44,00 13.9 23.0 14 qui 2.66 Bes 4-52-62 i7ia als 44 37 2166 187 45.00 16:3 19.0 5.2 3.9 2.67 188 45.50 19.0 20.0 48 41 2.67 I 189 46.00 18:5 17.5 120 107 2.65 190 46.40-50 i9l4 18.5 15 12 2.69 191 47.00 2210 20.5 127 107 2.66 i Core No 10 (3647,3-3665.95m) I 192 3647.47-57 . 15.1 16.3 2.68 193 48.00 17.3 15.3 2.69 194 48.50 13.6 12.3 2.74 I 135 49.00 11.3 11.0 2.76 196 © 49.50-57 12.200 4.5 an73 197 50.00 10.40 7.5 2.75 198 50.50 16.8 9.3 2.70 I 199 51.00 i7i7 745 2.70 200 5130-44 13.5 7.5 2.71 201 52.00 7.20 8.5 2.72 I 202 52.50 8.3 5.5 2.71 203 53.00 13.4 9-5 204 53.50-58 14.9 11.0 I 205° 54.14 12.6 8.0 206 54.50 10.1 7.0 2.68 207 55.00 15.5 21.5 2.72