aa. 2 (®) (Define displacement. (i)__Use your definition to explain how itis possible fora car to travel a certain distance and yet have zero displacoment. ‘a (b) A car starts from rest and travels upwards along a straight road incined at an angle of 5.0° tothe horizontal, as ilustrated in Fig. 2.1. Fig. 24 ‘The length of the road is 450™m and the car has mass 800kg. The speed of the car increases at a constant rate and is 28m s~ at the top of the slope. (1) Determine, for this car travaliing up the slope, 1. Its acceleration, acceleration = ms? (2)120 dicm 80 60. 40 12 10 Fe4 (a) A stone of mass 66g is thrown horizontally from the top of a clif with a speed of ‘18m5-, as ilustrated in Fig. 4.1 tems Fig.44 The initial height of the stone above the level of the sea Is 16m. Air resistance may be neglected, {c)_ State the horizontal velocty ofthe stone as it hits the water. hortzontal velocity = ms" [1] {d) (i) Onthe grid of Fig. 4.2, draw a vector diagram to represent the horizontal velocity and the resultant velocity of the stone as it hits the water. tm‘An experiments conducted on the surface ofthe planet Mars. A sphere of mass 0.78kg is projected almost vertically upwards from the surface of the Sunn plant. The variation with time t of the vertical velocity vin the upward direction is shown in. Fig. 2.4 10 vim" 10: lands on a small hill at time t= 4.0s, The spher (a) State the time t at which the sphere reaches its maximum height above the planet's surface, t stil (b) Determine the vertical height above the point of projection at which the sphere finally comes to rest on the hill, height = m [3](l)_ Byreference to Fig.2.2, explain how it can be deduced that e ecm 41, the balls intialy at rest, toe 2. air resistance is not negligible. [1 «iy .2 to determine the speed of the ball at a time of 0.40 afler it has been speed = ms" [2] (Ill) On Fig.2.2, sketch a graph to show the variation with time fof the distance d moved by the ball for negligible air resistance, You are not expected to carry out any further calculations. Bl a6.Calculate, to an appropriate number of significant figures, iy arin (i) the time the bal falls before the photograph is taken, te time spl (li) the time interval during which the photograph Is taken. time Interval = spl {c)_ The student in (b) takes a second photograph starting at the same position on the scale. ‘The ball has the same radius but is less dense, so that air resistance is not negligible, State and explain the changes that will occur in the photograph. Q7. "1 (a), Distinguish between scalar quantties and vector quantities. rs a (b) Inthe following ist, underine all the scalar quantities. acceleration force Kinetic energy mass power_—_welght m (6) stone is thrown with @ horizontal velocity of 20ms~ from the tep of clif 16m high The path ofthe stone is shovm In Fig. 1.1. > 20ms" - rn ct 15m ground Fig. 1.4 Airtesistance s negligible For this ston, (0) calculate the time to fal 15m, tim . se] ) calculate the magnitude ofthe resutant velocity after faling 15m. resuitant velocity = ms] B(i) Araindrop of radius 1.51mm falls vertically in ar ata veloaty of 3.7m s. The value Of Dfor air is 6,6 = 10~' kgm s~'. The density of water is 1000kgm”>, Calculate 1. the magnitude of the frictional force F, NU 2. the acceleration of the raindrop. ms] {b]_ The variation with time f of the speed v ofthe raindrop in (a) is showm in Fig. 2.1 1 : Fig.2.4 152 (a) A ball Is thrown vertically down towards the ground and rebounds as ilustrated In Fig. 2.4 e ball passing point A Pa 84mst ball at maximum 5.0m height after rebound , Os h sr rest Fig.2.4 As the ball passes A, it has a speed of 8.4ms~!. The height of A is §.0m above the ground. The ball hits the ground and rebounds to B, Assume that alr resistance Is negligible. (i) Calculate the speed of the ball as it hits the ground. speed = ms] (i) Show that the time taken for the ball to reach the ground is 0.47 s. (1) W72a) A-student walks from A to B along the path shown in Fig. 2.1 Fig. 2.4 ‘The student takes time to walk from Ato B. {) State the quantity, apart from ¢, that must be measured in order to determine the average value of! 1. speed, 2. velocty. Define acceleration, 19