Metacognitive Approach

- Prefix “meta” means beyond

- Is an approach that goes beyond cognition
- Is an approach that makes our students think about their thinking
- Thinking aloud is an act of metacognition.

Examples:

1. Making our students conscious of their thought processes while they are thinking. It is
allowing our students to think aloud.

2. Have our students describe what is going on in their mind through pairing our students
from 5 to 8 minutes several times a week.

3. Have our students identify what is known in a situation or problem. (How polluted is the
air in Metro Manila?)

Constructivist Approach

- Constructivist view learning as an active process that results from self – constructed
meanings
- Is anchored on the belief that every individual constructs and reconstruct meanings
depending on past experience.

Instructional Characteristic

- It provides students with relevant experiences from which they can construct their own
meaning.
- Constructivism is anchored o the assumption that “the absorption or assimilation of
knowledge is somewhat personal and therefore no two learners can build up the same
meaning out of one situation.
- Teacher facilitate learning by providing opportunities to a simulating dialogue so that
meanings could evolve and be constructed.
- The instructional materials include learning activities and events.
- Lessons are activity – centered.