

‫א‬‫א‬


١٥٢
  ١٥٢  
 
   

 
 
 W،،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 
 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
  ‫א‬        ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ،  
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬?? ‫א‬‫א‬ ?‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫؛‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
  ١٥٢  
 
   

 
 EF،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
     
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

١
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
 
 E٨FW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
-١-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫ א‬K١
 
 K١
 

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
E F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،(Size)‫اﻟﻤﻘ ﺎس‬‫א‬ (Shape)‫א‬
E‫א‬F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ (Finish)‫( א‬Material)
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬(Film)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬KKKKK،‫א‬،،‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ (CADD)‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬(Computer Aided-Design and Drafting Systems)W‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬(PrinterF‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬(SketchingF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
-٢-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
 

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E

 ‫א‬KKKKKK،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 .١.١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١.١

-٣-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 W‫א‬
  Scale

 ‫א‬‫א‬  French Curve

 
٤٥٠  45 Triangle
 
٦٠٠-٣٠٠ 30 – 60 Triangle

T T-Square

 ‫א‬ Drawing Board

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Erasing Shield

 Pencil

  Protractor

 Dusting brush

 ‫א‬ Pencil Pointer

 ‫א‬‫א‬ Dividers

  Eraser

  Compass

 Drafting tape

 

 W‫א‬‫א‬

Drawing Board (Drawing Table) E‫א‬F‫א‬ (١

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ١٢x٩٣٠{٤٨x ٢٢{٨٦
 
‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢{١‫א‬
 

-٤-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬W٢{١
 
 
T-Square T ‫א‬(٢
 

‫א‬EBladeF‫א‬‫א‬WETF‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KEStraightedgeF
،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬(T)‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٣{١‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

-٥-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 T‫א‬W٣{١

Triangles ‫א‬(٣

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٣٠٠،٦٠٠،٩٠٠F‫א‬E٤٥٠،٤٥٠،٩٠٠F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 KE٤{١‫א‬‫א‬FT‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 ‫א‬٤{١

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

Compass ‫א‬E٤

 W‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 Small Bow CompassEF‫א‬‫א‬ J

٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥{١‫א‬F
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬٥{١
 
 K‫א‬W٥{١
 

 Drop Bow Compass‫א‬‫א‬ J

‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥.١‫א‬‫א‬F٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 Big Bow Compass J

 
K٥٠٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥.١‫א‬F
 

 Big Bow Compass with inking attachment and pen J

K٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥.١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 Beam CompassE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W،‫א‬‫א‬
  -
‫א‬‫א‬ -
KE٦.١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬٦{١

 K‫א‬‫א‬W٦.١
Divider ‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٧.١‫א‬F،
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬W٧.١
 
 ‫א‬(٥
 

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     E١.٨ ‫א‬F ‫א‬ 
 H ‫א‬   ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     K 
 .E F‫א‬ B ‫א‬،EF‫א‬
 

‫א‬ ٣ ٢‫ א‬ ١‫ א‬K ...٣، ٢، ١W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

B ٨   B    ‫א‬  ‫ א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  .‫א‬‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KH٨   H ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ (HB)  .‫א‬ ‫א‬
  .‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

‫א‬‫א‬  J
 

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬     E‫א‬‫א‬F ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،  
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K (kaolin)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
      ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬     ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬W١{٨‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

   ‫א‬  ‫א‬

6H, 7H, 8H, 9H
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
4H, 5H
K،‫א‬‫א‬  
3H, 2H
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
HB, B, F, H
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
2B, ……,7H
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬–
 

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
- ١٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

‫א‬ J
 

‫א‬K‫א‬E0.2 – 1.2 mmF‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 J
 

E2 mmFK‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 Protractor ‫א‬E٦

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬،E٩{١F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
 KE٩{١F‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬WE٩{١F
 
 
 
- ١١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٠{١
 
 Irregular Curves‫א‬‫א‬E٧
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 French Curves‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١١{١‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١١{١
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 Templates E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E٨
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
    K‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬  K   
 KE‫א‬‫א‬١٢{١‫א‬F
 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Templates‫א‬‫א‬W١٢.١
 

 (Plastics) ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬     ٣ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،   
‫א‬F‫א‬ ، ٠{٣ ٥‫א‬
 KE١٣.١
 
 

‫ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﻨﺤﻨﻲ اﻟﻠﺪن‬: ١٣.١ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 Dusting Brush ‫א‬(٩

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬
 KE١٤.١‫א‬F‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬W١٤.١

Erasers ‫א‬(١٠

 E١٥.١F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬  ‫هﻨﺎك أﺷﻜﺎل‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬WE١٥.١F
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

Erasing Shield ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١١

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٦{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٦.١
Scale Rulers ‫א‬E١٢

   ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١٧.١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 K‫א‬W١٧.١
 
 ‫א‬K٣
 

‫א‬ J ‫א‬‫–א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 

E١٧.١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
A4  ٢٩٧x٢١٠
 A3  ٤٢٠x٢٩٧
 A2  ٥٩٤x٤٢٠
 A2  ٨٤١x٥٩٤
 A0 ١١٨٩x٨٤١

 
- ١٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

  KE١٨.١‫א‬FEF‫א‬‫א‬ J
 
 Size A ١١x٨{١
 ١١x٨{١
 Size B ١٧x١١
 ١٨x١٢
 Size C ٢٢x١٧
 ٢٤x١٨
 Size D ٢٢x٣٤
 ٢٤x٣٦
 Size E ٣٤x٤٤
٤٦x٤٨
 
 

E١٨{١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E١٩{١F‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

- ١٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE١٨{١F‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE١٩{١F‫א‬
 

- ١٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٤
 

،
 ‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 Types of Lines ‫א‬‫א‬

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬E٢٠.١F‫א‬
 W

Visible Line  .١

‫ ﻣ ﻢ‬٠.٥ ‫ وه ﻲ ﺧﻄ ﻮط ﺳ ﻮداء ﺳ ﻤﻜﻬﺎ‬،‫و ﺗﺴﺘﻌﻤﻞ ﻟﺒﻴﺎن اﻟﺤﻮاف اﻟﻈﺎهﺮة ﻣﻦ اﻷﺟﺴﺎم‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

Border Line ‫א‬ .٢

E١{٥٨FE٠{٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬WE٢٠{١F‫א‬
 
- ١٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

  Centerlines ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢٠١٠‫א‬‫א‬٠{٣
 KE٢٠{١‫א‬F

Cutting Plane Lines ‫א‬E٤

‫א‬‫א‬،٤٠{٥‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

Dimension Lines ‫א‬E٥

 K‫א‬‫א‬٠{٣‫א‬

Extension Lines ‫א‬‫א‬E٦

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
Hidden Line E٧
،٠{٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٢٢{١FE٢١{١) E٢٠{١F‫א‬٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

Guide Lines ‫א‬E٨

 KE٢١{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

hatching Lines ‫א‬E١٠

٤٥‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K٠{٣‫א‬

- ٢٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE٢١{١F‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
.‫א‬‫א‬WE٢٢{١F‫א‬

- ٢١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬K٥
 

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١{٢٣‫א‬F‫א‬

 
 
 KE‫א‬FWE٢٣{١F‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬E45ºF‫א‬‫א‬ •
E٢٤{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ •
 

 
 
 WE٢٤{١F‫א‬

KE٢٥{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 

- ٢٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 K‫א‬WE٢٥{١F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE٢٦{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬WE٢٦{١F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE٢٧{١‫א‬F

 
 W٢٧{١‫א‬

- ٢٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

،‫א‬‫א‬  •
‫א‬ 
 KE٢٨{١‫א‬F

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٢٨{١F‫א‬

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KE٢٩{١F‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬WE٢٩{١F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE٣٠{١‫א‬F

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬WE٣٠{١F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KE٣١{١F‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬WE٣١{١F‫א‬
- ٢٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
KE١{١F‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE١{١F‫א‬
 

 
 
 ‫א‬K٦
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬E
 

Dimension Lines ‫א‬ -

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٣٢{١‫א‬‫א‬F

Leader Lines E‫א‬F‫א‬ J

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٣٢{١

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٩٠٠‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٣٢{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٢٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 

 
 ‫א‬WE٣٢{١F‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
K ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٣٣{١F‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
H

 
H1

 
 
 
L L  
 
L1
L1  
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٣٣{١F‫א‬

- ٢٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬ -
 KE٣٤{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE٣٤{١F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE٣٦{١‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣٥{١F‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE٣٥{١F‫א‬

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٣٦{١F‫א‬
 ‫א‬K٧
 

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬?W
 K?‫א‬‫א‬
 
- ٢٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 W
 
K‫א‬  600 mm 4000 mm 
‫א‬ 6 mm 40 mm‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ (1:100 1/100 )‫א‬    100
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬K(100)
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬١{٧
 
‫א‬‫א‬( 1:1 F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬٢{٧
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬K
W
2 10 20 25 50 100
  ، ، ، ، ،
1 1 1 1 1 1
 W‫א‬‫א‬٣{٧
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬ ‫א‬K
 W 
 
1 1 1 1 1 1
  ، ، ، ، ،
2 10 20 25 50 100

- ٢٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬-

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬   E‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬F ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  •
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬      K‫א‬    ‫א‬  •
 K
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬        •
‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬    E‫א‬F ‫א‬    •
 K‫א‬

- ٢٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KE٣٨{١FE٣٧{١F‫א‬
 

 
 WE٣٧{١F‫א‬

- ٣٠ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

٢
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
 E٤FW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

- ٣١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬.٢

 K١
 

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬،،،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٢

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١{٢F‫א‬
K ‫א‬? ‫א‬‫?א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 Kpiles‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E٢{٢F‫א‬
 K‫א‬

- ٣٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬W١.٢

- ٣٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  16 / 15 cm

 
 
  16 / 15 cm

 
 
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬W٢{٢
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬٢.٢

،‫א‬‫א‬E٣{٢F‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K١٢
٨ ٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬E٤{٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٣٠٠١٠٠
 K٥٠٢٠
- ٣٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
1 2 3 4 5
 
A   A
 
 
B   B
 
 
C   C

 
1 2 5
 3 4
AXIS &COLUMNS
  PLAN

 W٣{٢

- ٣٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
  16

 
8
  8 @ 10 cm support
20 cm middle

 
  16
A A
  Section A - A 14

Column - C1
  8/20 cm

  16

  Column - C3

  8 @ 10 cm support
20 cm middle

  16

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W٤{٢
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٣{٢

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٥{٢F‫א‬
B‫א‬
 ،
 T‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬٣‫א‬B3‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫א‬K١٢ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ١٠٦‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K٣٠٠١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬E٦{٢F
 E٦{٣F‫א‬K ٥٠ ٢٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

- ٣٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 
B8

A 
C2 B8 B8 B8 C2 B8 C1
C2 C2
A

B4
 
B6

B7
 
C2 C3
B B
C1 C1  
B1 B2 B2 B3

B3 B4 B5  
Stair (Cage D'escalier)

B8 B8
 
B8 B8 B8
C C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C2 C3 C 
2
 
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬W٥{٢
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

- ٣٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬W٦{٢
 

- ٣٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 K‫א‬‫א‬W٦{٣

- ٣٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 

Slabs ‫א‬ ٤{٢

 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،٧{٢‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٪٠{١٥‫א‬‫א‬٪٠{٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨{٢F‫א‬
 
 

 KE٧{٢F
 
 

- ٤٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 

K‫א‬‫א‬ (‫)أ‬
 

 .‫)ب( ﺑﻼﻃﺔ ﻣﺤﻤﻠﺔ ﻓﻲ اﺗﺠﺎهﻴﻦ‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٨{٢
 
‫א‬‫א‬٩{٢‫א‬
.‫א‬

- ٤١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

6 10 / m

6 10 / m

6 10 / m

 KW٩{٢
 
Flat Solid Slab‫א‬‫• א‬

K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬E٨{٢F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K١٠{٢‫א‬
 
 

- ٤٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 

5 8/m

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W١٠{٢‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٥{٢
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬ •
 •
‫א‬ •
 •

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Bearing Walls ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ E١١{٢F‫א‬KRetaining walls ،
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
٢٥‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
١٣‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢٥‫א‬‫א‬٣٨‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K٢٥‫א‬٣٨‫א‬‫א‬٥١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
٥١‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬١٧‫א‬
،‫א‬١٨‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢٥‫א‬‫א‬٣٨‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬٣٨‫א‬‫א‬٥١‫א‬‫א‬٦٤‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٢٥
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

 
 
 
 
 
 Retaining WallWE١١{٢F‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Stairs ‫א‬ ٦{٢
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E١٣{٢F‫א‬
 ‫א‬E١٢{٢F‫א‬

- ٤٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

‫א‬‫א‬ ١٤{٢‫א‬K
 K‫א‬
 

١٢.٢ ‫ﺷﻜﻞ‬
 
‫א‬

 ‫א‬W١٣{٢

- ٤٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

Stair Reinforcement 2 14

8
8

6 8/m
6 12/m 3 16

5 10 7 12
2 14

8/10 cm
3 16

‫א‬‫א‬ :١٤.٢ ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬

 

- ٤٧ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٣
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

 
 E6FW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٤٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K٢
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬K١

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

Beam) -(Ground ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (Foundations)  ‫א‬‫א‬  J

‫א‬‫א‬، (Columns)‫א‬ (Retaining Walls) ‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 . ‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 . ‫ א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬‫ א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 . ‫א‬

 . ‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

 . ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ J

(Compressive Strength of Concrete) ‫א‬‫ א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J

(Live and Dead ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (Yield Stress) ‫ א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ،ELoads)
 .‫א‬

- ٤٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬K٢
 

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬K٣

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬K٤
 

  ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬K٥
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬K٦
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬K٧
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٥٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬K٨
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬K٩
K      ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KETrussFE١{٣F‫א‬

 K(Truss)  : ١.٣‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬K١٠
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٢{٣F‫א‬K‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 KW٢{٣‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬K١١
 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   E٣{٣F ‫א‬  K‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K  
 K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 

 K‫א‬:(٣.٣F‫א‬
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬



٤
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
     

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K •

 
 E٨FW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
     

 .٤

  .١
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 Plan‫א‬.٢
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K
 K‫א‬‫א‬١{٤‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 




   ‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬:١.٤‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
     

 ‫א‬‫א‬ .٣
 

 W‫א‬
Perspective projection  J
Orthographic projection J
 Axonometric Projection  J
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢{٤‫א‬
 

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬:٢.٤‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 Orthogonal projection‫א‬‫ א‬.٤

 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
Principal orthogonal projection  J
،،،،،F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE
Auxiliary orthogonal projection  J

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
     

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣.٤F‫א‬

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬: (٣.٤F‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 (٤.٤F‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :(٤.٤) ‫א‬

Sectioning ‫ א‬.٥

 

K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
     

 full section E

 KE٥{٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
half section E

 KE٦{٤F‫א‬‫א‬
partial sectionE
KE٧{٤F‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 
 
full sectionWE٥{٤F
 

 
 half sectionWE٦{٤F

- ٥٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
     

 
 
partial sectionWE٧{٤F

  ‫א‬ .٦
 

‫א‬١ J١‫א‬E٨{٤F‫א‬
 KE٨{٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١ J١E٩{٤F‫א‬K٢ J٢
 KE٨{٤F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢ J٢E١٠{٤F‫א‬
 
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
 1
B8 B8 B8 C2

 
C2 C2 C2 C2
A B8
C1 A
2
  B7 B4 2
B6

B   C1
1
2
C1
B5 C2 C3
B
 
3
B1 B2 B2 B3 14 4
13 5
B3 B4
12 6
B11
7

 
11

10 9 8

B8 B8 B8 B8
B8
C C2 C2 C2  1 C2 C2 C2 C3 C

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٨{٤

- ٦٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
     

Section 1 -1
 
 
 
B

 
B

  Section B-B
Section C-C C C

 
 
 
 
 
A

٨{٤‫א‬١ J١٩{٣
A
Section A-A
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬١ J١ : (٩{٤F‫א‬
 
Section 2-2
 
 
 
 
٨{٤‫א‬ J٢ J٢١٠{٣
18
17

16

15

14

13

12

11

10
9

 
6

20

 
19

18

17

16

15

14

13

12

 
11

10

 
2

A  
 K‫א‬‫א‬2 J2:(١٠{٤F‫א‬

- ٦١ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻟﻘﻮاﻋﺪ و اﻷﺳﺎﺳﺎت‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٥
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
  (٨FW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٦٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٥
K١
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
٥٠‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬K٢

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬١{٢
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
٥‫א‬١٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٦‫א‬‫א‬١٢
.(١.٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٦٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬W١.٥‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬U
KE٢{٥F‫א‬‫א‬

- ٦٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W٢{٥‫א‬
 
‫א‬،‫א‬
KE٣{٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٣{٥F‫א‬
 

- ٦٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٤{٥F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٤{٥F‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K٥{٥‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬WE٥{٥F‫א‬
 
- ٦٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٢.٢

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
E٦{٥F‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬WE٦{٥F‫א‬
 

،‫א‬‫א‬E٧{٥F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 

- ٦٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE٧{٥F‫א‬
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨.٥F‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE٨{٥F‫א‬

- ٦٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٣

 ،‫א‬
K
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E١٠{٥F‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩.٥F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ E١١.٥F‫א‬،
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE١٢.٥F‫א‬
FOUNDATION: F2 Reinforcement Details  
 
 
 
16 / 20 cm  
B
  A
A
  16 / 20 cm

 
A B
16 / 10 cm  
16 / 10 cm 16 / 20 cm 16 / 20 cm
 
B
16 / 20 cm
 
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩{٧F‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ : E٩{٥F ‫א‬
 
 

- ٦٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 KWE١٠{٥F‫א‬
 
 
 

- ٧٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬WE١١.٥F‫א‬
 

- ٧١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 K‫א‬WE١٢{٥F‫א‬
 

- ٧٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
  J

 K‫א‬‫א‬ J
 

- ٧٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
  J

- ٧٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
  J
 
 
 
 
 

- ٧٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫ א‬
‫א‬

٦
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    

 ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
K٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

  (٨FW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
- ٧٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    

 
 ‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻷﻋﻤﺪة‬.٦
 .١
 

‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
٪٠.٨‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬
 ١٢‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٪٦
 K ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ٢٠ X   ٢٠  ‫א‬     ، ٥٠
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬      ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،،W
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
 

  JW‫א‬
 
٢٥‫א‬   ١٣ •
K٣٠
‫א‬‫א‬، ٨ ٦‫א‬ •
K٢٥١٥‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٣٢‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E١.٦F‫א‬
 K٢٠‫א‬

- ٧٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    

 

 

 

 K‫א‬‫א‬WE١{٦F‫א‬

- ٧٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    

 ١٣‫א‬٣٠x ٣٠٢.٦‫א‬
 KEL٦φ٥F‫א‬‫א‬٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٣φ٤F
 

 
 K x٣٠ ٣٠WE٢{٦F‫א‬
 
٤٠x٤٠E٣.٦F‫א‬
٧F٦‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١٦φ٨F١٦
 EL٦φ
 

 
 
 K x٤٠ ٤٠WE٣{٦F‫א‬
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    

E٤.٦F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 

 
 
 KWE٤{٦F‫א‬
 

- ٨٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    

 
 
 KWE٥{٦F‫א‬
 

- ٨١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٣
KE٥.٦F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ٦{٦‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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8
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16
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A A

8 @ 10 cm support
20 cm middle
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16
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Section A - A
Column - C1
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Column ID Section
cm
Steel Stirrups
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C1 25x60 8φ16 φ8/10 cm
C2 25x40 6φ16 φ8/10 cm  
φ8/20 cm
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C3 25x25 4φ14

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٦{٦F‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬    K
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬      E٣٦٠٠F  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬      ‫א‬  ‫א‬   
 KE٧،٥F‫א‬‫א‬ESpiral HoopsF

- ٨٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    

 
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 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٧{٦F‫א‬
 K
 
- ٨٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    

‫א‬‫א‬ E٩{٦F‫א‬E٨{٦F‫א‬
 KACI‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
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 
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٨{٦F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ٨٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬    

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٩{٦F‫א‬
 

- ٨٥ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬
‫א‬‫א‬

٧
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
 E١٠FW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٨٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

‫ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ ﺗﺴﻠﻴﺢ اﻟﻜﻤﺮات‬.٧

 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١.٧F‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 WE١{٧F‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬ •

 ‫א‬ J٥،
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J٤، ‫א‬‫א‬٣٢،‫א‬‫א‬ J١
 ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١ J١F‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٢ J٢F‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬٦٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K٤٥٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E٢.٧F‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
Beam B2 (Axis 2-2 & 3-3)
Reinforcement
 
2 16 2 16 4 16 8 /10 cm
A  
A  
 
8 16

 
 
4 16

4.7 m
  2 16
2 16

5.30 m
  4 16

  4 16

  8 /10 cm At Support
/20 cm Middle Beam
 
8 16
 
Section A - A  
Beam ID Section
cm
Lower Bent Bars   Upper Stirrups

B1 25x60 6 φ16 3 φ16   3 φ16 φ8/20 cm

B2 40x60 8φ1 6 4 φ16 4 φ16 φ8/10 cm
middle
  /20 cm
B3 25x50 4φ16 2 φ16 4 φ14 φ8/20 cm
 
.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ : E٢{٧F ‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٣.٧F‫א‬
 K‫א‬
F٣٠‫א‬١٠ •
KE

٣٨‫א‬١٩ •
KE‫א‬‫א‬F

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

  ٤٠‫א‬٢٠ •

 K
 

،‫א‬،٤٠‫א‬٣٠ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٣.٧F‫א‬

 

‫א‬T‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٤{٧F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- ٩٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٤{٧F‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KE٥{٧F‫א‬L‫א‬

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬WE٥{٧F‫א‬

- ٩١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 K٣

‫א‬E٦{٧F‫א‬K١ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 KWE٦{٧F‫א‬

- ٩٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 K٢
‫א‬‫א‬ (٧{٧F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
Beam B5 (AxisB5-B8)
Reinforcement  

3 16 6 16
2 16 3 16
C B D
A

3 16
C A B 3 16
D
3 16
8 /10 cm 6 16

3 16 6 16

8 /10 cm support 8 /10 cm

20 cm middle

6 16 3 16

Section B-B
Section A - A

3 16

8 /20 cm

3 16

Section D - D

 K‫א‬‫א‬WE٧{٧F‫א‬

- ٩٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 ٣
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٨{٧F‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٨{٧F‫א‬

- ٩٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 K4
 
 
Beam B8 (Axis A-A)
Reinforcement  
 
8 /15 cm
3 14 3 14
3 14 8 /10 cm
 
A B C D
3 14
E F G H I J
 
A B 3 16 C D 3 16 E F 3 16 G H 6 16 I J  
8 /15 cm 8 /20 cm 8 /15 cm
8 /20 cm 8 /15 cm
 
3 14
3 14  
3 14 3 14 2 16
8 /20 cm
8 /15 cm  
8 /15 cm 8 /20 cm 6 16
3 16  
Section I - I
3 16 3 16 Section G - G  
Section A - A Section D - D
C- C
E- E
Section F - F  
3 14
3 16
 
8 /20 cm
3 14
 
8 /20 cm
3 16
 
Section H-H
3 16   Section J-J

Section B - B  
 
WE٩{٧F‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 
 
 

- ٩٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬    

 K5
 


 
 K‫א‬ WE١٠{٧F‫א‬

- ٩٦ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬

٨
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
K٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 E١٠FW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ٩٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬.٨
 
   .٨
 

‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬١{٨‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬E١{٨F‫א‬
 
Solid Slabs ‫א‬‫א‬K٢

KKKK
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WE٢{٨F‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬  J

E٤{٨F‫א‬K ‫א‬ E٣{٨F‫א‬
 K
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    

 

 Flat Slabs ‫א‬‫א‬K٣

 

  ،‫א‬      ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE٢{٨F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K٠{٤٠{١٥‫א‬‫א‬٩٦‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٢{٨F‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 
 

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ :(٣{٨F‫א‬
 
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 
10 / m
6
 
 
 
 
 
 
  6 10 / m

 
 
 
  10 / m
6

 
  :(٤{٨F‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٤
 

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬٧٥‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬  J

‫א‬‫א‬٥{٨‫א‬K ‫א‬٦x٦
‫א‬‫א‬٦{٨‫א‬K ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،E٠{٥٠{٣F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٥{٨‫א‬F٩٤{٥
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    

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 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٥{٨F‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٦{٨‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧{٨‫א‬
 K‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    

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 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ : ٧.٨‫א‬
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waffle Slabs ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٥

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‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬   ‫א‬   ، E٨{٨F  ‫א‬      ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬      
١{٢٠{٦‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K٧٥
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    

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 K‫א‬‫א‬ : (٨{٨F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K٦
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‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٩{٨F‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬٤-٣‫א‬١
 K‫א‬‫א‬٢‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    

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  : (٩{٨F‫א‬
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  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    E١٠{٨F ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    

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 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE١٠{٨F‫א‬
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 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٤٨
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
K٪١٠٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
  (٦FW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١١٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٩

 K١
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫• א‬
 
‫א‬E١.٩F‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 

 

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W (١.٩) ‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
١E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٢
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
  JW‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
  JW‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
٥٠‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E٢.٩F‫א‬K ٣٨‫א‬‫א‬K ١٣‫א‬
 K٥٠٣٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
.٥٠‫א‬ W (٢.٩) ‫א‬

 ٣٠‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E٣.٩F‫א‬
 K٧٥
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
.‫ ﺳﻢ‬٥٠ ‫ ﺣﺎﺋﻂ ﻓﻮق ﻗﺎﻋﺪة ﻣﻦ اﻟﺨﺮﺳﺎﻧﺔ ﺳﻤﻜﻬﺎ ﻻ ﻳﻘﻞ ﻋﻦ‬: (٣.٩) ‫اﻟﺸﻜﻞ‬
 Retaining walls ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E٤.٩‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٤{٩F‫א‬‫א‬

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W (٤.٩) ‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 

 
 
K‫א‬‫א‬ W (٥.٩) ‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١٠
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 
 E٤FW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١١٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫ اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎت اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ واﻟﺼﺤﻴﺔ‬.١٠

 K١
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٢
 

‫א‬‫א‬E١.١٠‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١.١٠F

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬:E١{١٠F‫א‬
 

- ١١٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬K٣
 

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬KKKKK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .٤
 

‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬K
 
 ‫א‬ •
 

E
 ‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E٢.١٠F‫א‬K‫א‬

- ١١٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

K‫א‬ :E٢{١٠F‫א‬

- ١١٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

  .٥
P.V.C‫א‬‫א‬E٣{١٠F‫א‬
 K
‫א‬   E٥{١٠F ‫א‬ K       E٤{١٠F ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 P.V.C‫א‬‫א‬WE٣{١٠F‫א‬

 KWE٤{١٠F‫א‬

- ١٢٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٥.١٠F‫א‬

‫א‬          E٦.١٠F  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٢١ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

Fluorescent Lamp
Electricity Meter
Filament Lamp

Switched socket outlet

Switch

Two Way Switch

Distribution Board

(-0.30)

1
2
3

(+0.30) (+0.15)

(+0.15)
(+0.00)

2
3
4
5
16 6
15 7
14 8
13 9
12 11 10

 WE٦.١٠F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٢٢ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬ .٦
 W‫א‬

 ‫ א‬١.٦
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
  E٧.١٠F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ P.V.C‫א‬
 K‫א‬E٨.١٠F‫א‬K

 
 
 
 
 
KWE٧{١٠F‫א‬

- ١٢٣ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 K‫א‬WE٨.١٠F‫א‬
‫א‬٢.٦
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٩.١٠F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

 KWE٩.١٠F‫א‬

- ١٢٤ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬٣.٦
 KE١٠{١٠F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬KWE١٠.١٠F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫ א‬.٧
‫א‬    ،       ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬١.٧
   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬     ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE١١.١٠F‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٢٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 KWE١١.١٠F‫א‬

 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬٢.٧
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K       ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   K‫א‬
 K‫א‬E١٢.١٠F‫א‬
 

- ١٢٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 KE‫א‬FWE١٢{١٠F‫א‬
 
  ‫ ﻣﺜﺎل‬.٨
     ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  E١٣{١٠F  ‫א‬ 
.‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٢٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

10
E

1/10
1/10
 
9
 
(-0.30)

 
8
1
2 rwp

 
3

rwp

A
(+0.30)
 
B (+0.15)

(+0.15) (+0.15)
(+0.00)  
 
1

C 2
3
4

 
5
16 6
15 7
14 8
13 9

 
12 11 10

(+2.05) (+1.73)

D rwp
 
1 2 3 4 5 6 7  
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE١٣.١٠F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٢٨ -
 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫ א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

١١

١
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
 E٨FW‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

- ١٢٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫ اﻟﺘﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ اﻹﻧﺸﺎﺋﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺂت اﻟﻔﻮﻻذﻳﺔ‬.١١

  .١

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬KKK‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬KKK‫א‬
‫א‬ E٢.١١F‫א‬ E١.١١F‫א‬،‫א‬
‫ א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  W ‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 
    

 
 

 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬WE١.١١F‫א‬
 
 

 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE٢{١١F‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.٢
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬، ٢٠:١ ، ١٠:١  ‫ א‬ ƒ
‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ƒ א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬٧‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ƒ

 ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬،E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬1 ‫א‬50‫א‬1:100 
 KE٣.١١‫א‬F0.1

 
 K:(٣.١١F‫א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE٤.١١F‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 KWE٤{١١F‫א‬
‫א‬‫• א‬
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

‫• א‬
،‫א‬E٥.١١F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.٣
 

K       ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬
 KETrussFE٦.١١F‫א‬
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.٤

‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬    
 KE٧.١١F‫א‬K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬:(٥.١١F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 K(Truss)  : (٦.١١F‫א‬

 
 

 K : (٧.١١F‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.٥
 

K‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬       
    ‫א‬   ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬E٧.١١F‫א‬K‫א‬KKKK
- ١٣٥ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 K‫א‬:(٧.١١F‫א‬
 
 

- ١٣٦ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 KF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ColumnEF٨.١١‫א‬
 
 

 
  :(٨.١١) ‫א‬

- ١٣٧ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 KF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EFE٩.١١F‫א‬

 
KW٩.١١‫א‬

- ١٣٨ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬K٦
 

 Rivets‫א‬‫א‬ •
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E١٠.١١F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 

- ١٣٩ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE١٠.١١F‫א‬

- ١٤٠ -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 ‫א‬K٧
 
K‫א‬       ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 E١٢{١١F‫א‬‫א‬ E١١{١١F‫א‬
E١٤{١١F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (١٣{١١F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE١١{١١F‫א‬
 
 
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 KW (١٢{١١F‫א‬
 
 
 

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W (١٣{١١F‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬‫א‬  ١٥٢  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    

 
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W (١٤{١١F‫א‬
 
  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬‫א‬
   

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
1. Barry R. (1998), The construction of Buildings, Third Edition, Volume 5, Blackwell
Science Ltd.

2. Ronald J. Lutz (1991), Applied Sketching and Technical Drawing, The Goodheart-
Wilcox Company, Inc.

3. Barry R. (1996), The construction of Buildings, Fourth Edition, Volume 4,

Blackwell Science Ltd.

 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E٢٠٠٢F‫א‬‫א‬K٤
 
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،E٢٠٠٢FK٥
 
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E٢٠٠٤F‫א‬‫א‬K٦

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،E١٩٩٩F‫א‬‫א‬K٧
 K،‫א‬
 
،،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E٢٠٠١FK٨
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١٩٩٨F‫א‬K٩
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،E١٩٨٥F‫א‬&‫א‬K١٠
 K،،‫א‬
 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E١٩٨٤F‫א‬‫א‬&‫א‬‫א‬K١١
 K،‫א‬،‫ א‬‫א‬
  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬
   

 ‫א‬
 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 
 K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 
١  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
٢ ............................................................................................................... K١
٣ .............................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
١٦ ....................................................................................................... ‫א‬K٣
١٩ .................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٤
١٧ ....................................................................................... ‫א‬K٥
٢٠ .............................................................................................. ‫א‬K٦
٢٢ .................................................................................................... ‫א‬K٧
٢٦ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
- ٣٢ -........................................................................................................ .١
- ٣٢ -.................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
٤٢ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
- ٥٦ -................................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬.١
- ٥٦ -.............................................................................................. ‫א‬.٢
- ٥٧ -........................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬.٣
٤٤ ................................................................................................... ‫א‬.٤
٤٤ .................................................................................................. ‫א‬.٥
٤٤ ............................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬.٦
٤٤ .............................................................................................‫א‬.٧
٤٤ ...................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬.٨
٤٥ ..................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬.٩
٤٥ .....................................................................................‫א‬‫א‬.١٠
  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬
   

 J٦٣ J K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

٤٩ ............................................................................................................. K١
٤٩ ............................................................................................................ ‫א‬K٢
٤٩ .................................................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬K٣
٥٠ ................................................................................................. ‫א‬‫א‬K٤
٥١ ............................................................................................................. ‫א‬K٥
٥٢ ........................................................................... ‫א‬K٦
٥٦ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
٥٧ ............................................................................................................ K١
٥٧ ......................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
٦١ .......................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٣
٦٨ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 ٦٩ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K١
 ٦٩ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
 ٧٢ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٣
٧٧ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
٧٨ ...........................................................................................................  .١
٧٩ .............................................................................................. ‫א‬K٢
٨٢ ........................................................................................................ K٣
٩٠  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
٩١ ...........................................................................................................  .١
 ٩١  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬K٢
 ٩١  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬K٣
 ٩٤  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٤
 ٩٦ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٥
  ١٥٢  
 ‫א‬
   

 ٩٧ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬K٦
١٠١ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
١٠٢ .........................................................................................................  .٦
 ١٠٣.. ...................................... ........................... ‫أﻧﻮاع اﻟﺤﻮاﺋﻂ‬ .٢
١٠٩ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
١١٠ .........................................................................................................  .١
........................................................................................ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K٢
١١٠
١١٠ ........................................................................... ‫א‬‫א‬ .٣
١١١ ............................................................................. ‫ أﻧﻮاع اﻟﻤﺨﻄﻄﺎت اﻟﻜﻬﺮﺑﺎﺋﻴﺔ‬.٤
١١٢ ................................................................................................ .٥
١١٥ ............................................................................................... ‫א‬ .٦
١١٧ .............................................................................................. ‫א‬‫ א‬.٧
١١٨ ..................................................................................................  .٨
١٢١ K K K K K K K K K K K K K K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
١٢٢ .........................................................................................................  .١
١٢٣ ....................................... ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.٢
١٢٤ ........................................................................ ‫ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺼﻤﻴﻤﻲ ﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت اﻟﻔﻮﻻذ‬.٣
١٢٤ ........................................................................ ‫ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﺨﻄﻴﻄﻲ ﻟﻤﻨﺸﺂت اﻟﻔﻮﻻذ‬.٤
١٢٥ ...................................................................... ‫ اﻟﺮﺳﻢ اﻟﺘﻔﺼﻴﻠﻲ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺸﺂت اﻟﻔﻮﻻذﻳﺔ‬.٥
١٢٨ ................................................................................... ‫א‬ .٦
- ١٣٢ - ........................................................................... ‫ ﺗﻔﺎﺻﻴﻞ اﻟﻮﺻﻼت ﺑﺎﻟﻠﺤﺎم‬.٧
 J١٣٢ JKKK  K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K‫א‬‫א‬
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