APPENDIX E MISCELLANEOUS E.1 L’Hopital’s Rule Iv lim f(@)/g() results in the indeterministic form 0/0 or 00/00, then tina £ — tim £2 B® Fw) 1) E22 Taylor and Maclaurin Series Taylor: f= f(a) + Sw +2 =a? Zit ey Maclaurin: (0)=f0) + SFO) +F7O)+ E.3 Power Series bmx <1 1 2 Tops tet et <1 975976 APPENDIX E: MISCELLANEOUS E4 Sums . a rél : en rel LGyrege E.5 Complex Numbers oP aj nw J meven 1 nodd e'!” e089 + jsine at jb=re" (rel = hel ie ore anne E.6 Trigonometric Identities eF = cosxtjsinx 1 cos = a (et +e ic , 05, (« 2 3) oe sin (x) —sheoss 2sinxeosx = sin2x sin?x + cos*. cost x— sin? xl x= c0s2e > cos? = 5(1 +€0823) 1 sin?x = (1 — cos2x) 3 ) 3x 4 Gcosx-+cos3s) cos!x= LGeosx + e053 sin? x= 4@sinx—sin3x)Appendix E: Miscellaneous. 97 lant») = TS anxtany sins i 0 ) 8 ( D1 i cosxcosy = s[e0s(x—y) +e08(e+9)] i sissy Hsin) since acosx+bsinx sos (x +0) invtche-VP=F ana o—ow-(=2) Indefinite Integrals dein frdu f SODH)AE=FOOD f F@ewde oasis —eosa [otocaca sin2ax 27 da J ssinarar= 3 Gina axcosas) rssasde= J oar arin . ; [snot Sansinas-2601—oh xe) _sinfa— Bx _ sin(a+ bx dup f snarsinbrae= LE ee #b __Joosta—byx | cos (a+ box un f snarcosonar= [ss Se | #P _sin@= bx, sinatbe a yp J cosercosbads = BERM 4 SEEO #0 [eran tes978 APPENDIX E: MISCELLANEOUS [ree = Wr -20r+2) f etsiabrar= 3 (asinbx beosbs) f eeosbrds = 5 (acest bsinbs) 1 wra® a + de= sn? 4a)