NGUYEN MINH TUAN - BUI QUOC TUAN - LAI HUY AN NGUYEN VAN CHAT - NGUYEN NGOC KHAI- NGUYEN TRONG HAI (Gido vién trudng THPT chuyén Hing Vuong - Phi Tho) 22 Phuong phap & ky thudt hien dai GIAI NHANH BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM HOA HOC TAP 2 NHA XUAT BAN DAI HOC QUGC GIA HA NOILOI NOI DAU Caéc em hoe sinh than mén ! Voi niém dam mé nghé nghigp va tinh yeu thyong dinh cho hge tr, thiy vi nnhimg nguii ban cla minh cing nhau hop tic bin soan euén sich “22 PHUONG PHAP Vd KP THUAT IMGN Dl Glail NHANH Bal TAP TRAC NGHIEM HOA HOC", lam ti ligu hge tap cho hoe sinh lép 10, 11, 12 va hge sinh dn thi Dai hoc, Cao ding khdi A,B. ‘Voi hinh thie thi tric nghigm nu hign nay, vige tim ra li giai nhanh cho cdc bai tap tinh ton trong d& thi la didu hét site quan trong, né gop phin khong nho dn ket qua thi Bai hoe, Cao dang cia cdc em, Tuy nhién, vige gidi nhanh bai tip tric nghiém Héa hoe lai khéng hé don chit ndo! Néu khéng nm duge “bi quyét” thi trong thdi gian 90 phi, cde em khé 66 thé hoa than bai thi cia minh mgt edch t&r nhat, Moi qué trinh bign d&i héa hoe, di dom gin hay phic tap cling déu tun theo ede dink luét Bao todin. Vi thé, “bi quyét” 48 gidi nhanh bai tap trée nghigm hoa hoe la ndim ving Ban cht héa hoc va win dung thanh thao edic dink lugt bio tod ‘rong héa hoc. Khi 46, vigc tinh todn sé mol cia cée chét trong phan ting sé rét dB ding, khng cdn sir dung dén cde phcong trinh phan tng nh céch lam thong thuimg Dé sit dung higu qua cudn sch nay, cc em cén tim hiéu ky 4 phwong phap : 1; 4; 6; 7, day la co sé ving chic cho vige giai nhanh bai tap trac nghiém héa hoc va eling li co’ s6 48 cde em tim hiéu, ndin bit, vin dung ec phuong php khée mot ‘eich higu qua hon. Thay chit ec em thinh céng ! Trong qué trinh bign sogn, ching t0i d4 lam vige hét ste nghiém tie va khoa hoe, nhung sai sot la digu khé trénh khoi. Kinh mong nhén duge sy thong cim, chia sé va gop ¥ ela ban doc dé cudn sich ngay cdng hodn thign hon. Moi sur déng gp y kién ciia ban doc xin giti vé email Inguyenminhtuanchy@gmail.com Ching t6i xin tran trong cm on ! Thay m§t nhém tae gia ‘Nguyén Minh Tuan (Gio vien onaing THPT chuyén Hing Vieong, tink Phi Tho) Phang rhiet, SU DUNG CHAT Ao, 56 OXI HOA AO 1. PHUONG PHAP SU DUNG CHAT AO, SO OXI HOA AO . Phuong php sir dung chit 40, s6 oxi héa do 18 mt phurong phap méi le, dé gidi nhanh mot s6 dang bai tp tie nghigm héa hos. . Co sé cia phurong phip : Chuyén hin hop ban du think hin hop mbi hose hop chdt mii: chuyén dung dich ban dw thanh mot dung dich mdi; gan cho nguytn 16 36 oxt hda mét Hide vbi xB oxi ba tyre eva nd. Tied gti ¢ho viée tinh todn trésnén dé dang vai nhanh ching hom Hin hop, hyp chat, dung dich, s6 oxi ha méi duge goi la do vi né khong ¢6 ‘trong’ gid thiét cba bai tod. II. PHAN DANG BAI TAP VA CAC Vi DY MINH HOA ir dung dung dich du 1: Dung dich X chita a mol Ne’; 6 mol HCO; ; € mot CO’ SOF" . Dé tao két ta lon nbat ngudi ta phai ding 100 ml dung dich Ba(OH), x ‘mol/l Biéu thie tinh x theo a vb la: arb ath arb ath Bo xeith, p. x=822 OI 02 03 2 | (Dé thi thie Dai lige lén 1 ~ THPT Chugyén Hing Vieomg — Phi Tho, dm he 2012 ~ 2013) vi eva d mol “Hicéng din git Chuyén ion HCO} thanh 2 ion do 1a CO* va H Chuyén dung dich X thanh dung dich ao X° gdm : a mol Na"; b mol H’, (b+e) iol GO2- vad mol SOP Cho Ba(OH): vito dung dich X* sé tgo ra két ta la BaSO, va BaCOs, Nhu vay, ce jon Na* va H’ da dirge thay thé bing ion Ba”, Ap dung bao toan dign tich, ta 06 0.2 arb Im ae = Myo TMs HPN, 24 = Mol = MayCoiny Vidu 2: Dung dich X chita céc ion: CO,2, SO,", $O,°, 0,1 mol HCO,” va 0,3 mol Na’. Thém V lit dung dich Ba(OH): 1M vao X thi thu duge long két tia Kin nhat. Gid tri nho nhét eta V Ba A.0,15. B.0,25. €.0,20, D.0,30, (Bé thi thie Dai hoc lan 1 - THPT Ha Hea ~ Phi Tho, nam hoc 2013 ~ 2014) 322 phuomg phép & KS thutthitn dei git nhanh BYTN Ha hoc Nguyén Minh Tut Hucing din gidt Chuyén fon HCO5 thanh 2 ion ao la CO,?> va HY, Chuyén X than dung dich do X* gdm : 0,1 mol H’, 0,3 mol Na” va cde ion -, $03", So? ‘Sau phan img ciia X’ véi Ba(OH)s, cde ion CO", $0,2°, $0.2" duge thay bing ion OH Theo bio toin din tich, ta c6 [0.2 i ‘on Pat * Pat 0,4 mol = nagou, = 0.2 mol = Vaa pacoit}2 Mm = r . = > wunidtas acl Vide 3: Dung dich E gbm x mol Ca", y mol Ba”, z mol HCO) Cho tt | dung dich Ca(OH), ndng 4 a mol/l vao dung dich E dén khi thu dure Iuong | két ta lim hat thi vira hét V lit dung dich Ca(QH),, Biéu thie liém hé gitta cdc gid tri Vs a,x, y la A. vate B.v=X22Y @va2a(x+y) D. V=a2x+y) | (@8thituyén sinh Cao ding nam 2012) Hing din gia Chuyén E thanh dung dich 40 E? gdm: x mol Ca”, y mol Ba”, 2 mol H* viz mol CO} ‘Ap dung bao toan dign tich cho dung dich E", ta 66 Angas Beas Py Meg P4AI+2Y “4 ae : (aco, 4 So d@ phan ting *) +H,0 y ‘|caco, 47" ‘coy? ey Aya Mayr =Mog.2 > ya Hole ép dung bao toan dign tich trong phan tng cia ion H* véi ion OH” ta 06: =2x+2y =2aV>]V a (Cing ty TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vie Vi du 4 Mot cBe chita dung dich A'gdm a iol Ca, b mol Mg™ va ¢ mol | HCO, . Ding V lit dung dich Ca(OH): x moVI 48 két tia long cation trong cebe, Biét két ta tgo ra lt CaCO, vi Mg( OH)». Méi quan hé gia V, a,b, x 18 A.V = (at 2byx B.V=(atbyx | C.V= (a+ byix D.V = a+ 2byx (Bé thi thie dai hoe lén 1 ~ THPT Cém Khe ~ Phi Tho, nm hoe 2013 ~ 2014) Hing din git CChuyén A thanh dung dich éo A’ gim : a mol Ca", b mol Mg, ¢ mol H® va © mol CO}. Ap dung bao toan dién tich cho dung dich A’, ta cd. a +2b 2eae +280 Hye “Moot FE tT ea cam Me™, (cate aio Baar | av [Me(OH), + +. He co; lou” icaco, + male Saag aw So dé phan img +H,0 [Ap dung bio toan digntich trong phn img eta Ce" véi ion CO; t0 06 +20 1g cla ion Mg”, H” v6i ion OH 825: 2m 26 * My “oye > TO ee We 2, Sirdyng hin hyp io (én hgp X gdm Na, Ba, Na,O va Bat [Vi dy 1: Hn hop X gm Na, Ba, Na,O vi BaO. Hida tan hodn toin 21,9 gam X ‘Yo nude, thu duge 1,12 Iitkhi Hy Akte) va durg dich Y, trong dé co 20.2 gam Ba(OH),, Hip thy hodn toln 6,72 Ilt khi COs (ks) vio Y, thu duge m ‘gam két tia, Gid tr ota m 1a A. 23,64, B.15,76. D. 39,40, (Bé thi tuyén siah Dai hoc khdi A ndim 2013) | Hudng dan giai ‘Vin d8 mau chét cita bai tp nay 1a phai tinh duge s6 mol cia NaOH trong dung dich Y. Tuy nhién, dung dich ¥ duge tgo thanh khi cho hn hop X ebm 4 chat 1a Na, Na,O, Ba, BaO tée dung v6i H,O nén vige tinh toén gp nhigu khé khin (do phai sir dung nhigu an sé mol). 522 pcan phi & 5 thu i Gia sir ta 06 thé bién hin hop 4 chdi trong X thank mét hin hop trang gin X gdm 2 chéi Ia Na;0 va BaO (bang céch cho X te dung véi On) thi vige tinh todn sé tes nén d& dng hon nhiéu. Vi s6 mol Ba(OH), trong Y da biét nén d& dng tinh duge s6 mol va kh6i lugng ea BaO trong X°. Tur d6 sé tinh duge ki lwong cia va sé mol cia Na,O, ri suy ra s6 mol ciia NaOH. Muén lim nhur vy, ta phai biét duoe téng sé mol electron ma Na, Ba trong X 4 nhumg trong phan ing v6i O. Khi dé s8 biét duge sé mol electron ma > ¢6 ‘thé nn, tir d6 suy ra duge sé mol eta Op phan ing véi X dé chuyén thinh X". ‘Trong phan tg cia X véi nude, chi cé Na va Ba phan img giai phéng Hy. Nén théng qua sé mol Hs giai phéng ta e6 thé tinh duge s6 mol electron ma Na va Ba nhuing ‘Theo gid thiét, ta 06: 52 2 ag = 3p * 05 mek: noon =P 012 mo ngo, = S52 = 0,3 mol acon wo as = Meeown Wa, Be hang = Ao, = 2M, =P Moy = 0,025 mol ‘obs = M6470, sO) = Mons, NaZO, Ba, BHO) + Mog = 2149+ 0,025.32 = 22,7 gam. Theo bao toan nguyén té Ba, ta c6: Ngo wong X goth = 0512 O1=S7 30 wong X= Me, ~ Mao, = 4.34 gam, Br otis ‘Theo bio toin nguyén 6 Nat. ng = 29,09 =0,14 mo @ ‘Vay dung dich ¥ c6 0,14 mol NaOH va 0,12 mol Ba(OH):. Suy ra: My = Baaow + 2M ony = 038 mol <2 <2 are coy = tora ci CO, va HCO; ‘Vi phan ing tao ra c& hai mu6i, nén sit dung cOng thé gii nhanb, ta ,08 mol , =0,12 mol , 08.197 =[15, 76 gam| = Mpacoy = 0,08 mol = Mp.co5 ‘Nhuevdy a chuyén hin hop gém cdc kim logi va oxit thinh hin hop cdc oxit thi ta thém mot haong oxi la ig, waste wmasi_ 28H | 28503 _ 3inap _ NO] cd 4 4 4 4 4 Tity thuge vao tig bai ma sé mol electron eb thé tinh theo Hs, SO; NO, NO}. dich HCI vita di thu duge 2,464 lit Hy (dktc), dung dich chira 22.23 gam NaCl vax gam KCI. Gia tr} cla x la A, 32,78. €.35,76. 3427. Chuyén hn hyp X thin phan Ging v6i mot lrgng O> la Paecuon 4 4 2M, to, my = my + Moy 37 dais32 Ap dung bio toin nguyén 6 Na va K, ta 06 32,46-0,19.62 19 mol => nko =2;,0° [78 gan] Vidu 3: Hon hop X gom CaO, Mg, Ca, MgO. Hoa tan 5,36 gam hon hop X bing dung dich HCI vita di: thu duge 1,624 lit Hy (akte) va dung dich ¥ trong d6 06 6,175 gam MgCl; vam gam CaCl. Gi tr cia m la ‘A.7.4925 gam. B.7.770 gam. C.8,0475 gam. D. 8,6025 gam. (Bé thi thie Dai gc lan ~ THPT chuyén Vinh Phi, nam hoe 2011 ~ 2012) ‘Hiring dan git Chuyén X thinh hn hop do X° gbm CaO va MgO bing eéch cho X phan img voi mot lugng oxi la 624 _ 0,03625 mol 4 fio, eletom eno adi _ 2p ee 4 4 =6,52 gam. Smy-=m<+ Moy 3 ofiisee ‘Theo bio toin nguyén Mg va Ca, 06 Aygo = Paci = 0,065 mol=> Meyer = Doser = 07.111 =[277 gam] Vi du 4: Hn hop X gdm Na, Ca, NazO, CaO. Hoa tan hét 51,3 gam hin hop X vio née duge 5,6 lit Hy (dkte) va dung dich kiém Y, trong dé ¢8 28 gam NaOH. Hép thy 17,92 lit SO» (dktc) vio dung dieh Y thu duge m gam két tia Gi tr cia m a: 4.60. > Macy en. D. B.S4. 822 phuong php & k3 tht hin de i nhank BTTN Héa ge = Nguyn Minh Tan 4 Hung din gidé Chuyén hén hop X thin h&n hop 40 X° gbm CaO vi Na,O bing each cho X phan ding véi m@t long O; la: Bx + Moy =553 gam, ‘3 dias 553-0356 36 0,6 mol Pour _ Rao + 2a ott sop sop thnh 0,8 mol SO,?- Vi e,26 la = Reka 06 2 448 a 4 442 0,1 mol my, =my +mg, =26,2 gam Boia = 9 NK 30 +56 ney = 26,2 (I) Theo gid thiét, suy ra : TNI chua cé hign tuong héa tan két ta, edn & TN2 di 6 hign twomg hoa tan kt ta. Sit dung eéng thie 11ga- +Mgo» » ta c6: \eo,2- tReo2 » #206: TNE neg TN2:n, =n lar taney = Peo, * Meo, 9 2K,0 + Ae = 0.8 (2) 8 Mou +20, =0,8 ‘caot), = Pou tong ¥ Cong ty TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vide Tr (1) va) suy ra: ny30 =0,1 mol Ne =0,3 mol Khi sue CO; vio X, dé két ta dat cue dai thi Megat = 0.3 mol Reo9 min [OSES n, +n, G72 lit my. [t60n;.,0, +80ncv =16.8 a {Mre903 = 0,03 Vay ta 06 : {242mpegno3)5 + 188M yQNo,)y = 42,72 34 7208 Ayo = 0415 {Mrecsosys = 2205 Meuinos)2 =cvo Trong hn hgp X, ta e6 mn hgp M gam Fe, FeO, Fe,03, FeO, phan img ] ‘voi dung dich HNO; loang du thu dure 1,344 lit khi NO (sin phim khir duy (Cong y TNHH MTV DYVI Khang Fift B.a7.aT7. C45 708A Dé thi thie dai hoc In 4 THPT Quynh Lieu 1 ~ Nghé An, | nim hige 2011 ~2012) | ‘A 42,158. Tieng din gid Do CyHs, CoH(OM) 6 86 mol bing naw nén ta c6 thé ch 1 nguyén tir H 6 (CsHg va 1 nhém —OH é CH,(OH): 181 hoan di vi tri cho nhau, ta s@ duoc 2 ancol CJHsOH vi C3HjOH. Vay ta 08 thé quy déi hin hep X thinb hén hop ancol no, dom chiro CH sf H. Phuong tinh phin ing o Khdi lugng binh dymg Ba(OH)s tang la khdi Iugng cila CO; va HO. Két tia thu drge la BaCOs, CzH,-,,0H +220," nico, + (@+DH,0 ‘Theo bio ton khéi lugng, ta 66 : nhit, 6 dkte) va dung dich X. Dung dich X e6 thé hoa tan t5i da 12,88 gam Fe | Manol +Mo, =o, *™n0 => Mos (190 khi NO duy nhit), $6 mol HNO} 66 trong dung dich Adu la fae ae 40,88 mol, B.0,94 mol C.1,04 mol. 0,64 mol “Theo (1) va bio toan nguyén tC, ta 66 (Bé thi thie dai ge lin 4 THPT Qunh Laew 1 ~Nghg An, nim 2011) 9 Fcing ain gi Ras . ; ; = Ng, =0,232 mol = mayo, =0,232.197 ‘Tao hgp chat do Fe;0; bing céch cho hén hop M phan ting véi Os. Reo Sa, “ey Loo) coy = m 31,344 beat icsEe mene EE TOE oa 105 = Mirra tooyro) +Mo, #1364375 7-32 = 12,8 gam [Vidy 10: Hn gp X ebm 1 mol aminoaxit no, mach ho VAT mol a Ds Meta eee 1h. X 06 kha ning phan tg t6i da véi 2 mol HCI hose 2 mol NaOH. Dét ch > Mresaness = 28,0, = 2765 = O16 MOL = No eegny =——— pg = OS mol. hoan toan X thu duge 6 mol CO;, x mol HO va y mol No, Cée gid tri x, ¥ Vi dung dich X hoa tant da Fe néa mudi tora a Fe(NO;); CChuyén 11,36 gam M va 12,88 gam Fe thinh hin hgp do M’ chia 0,39 mol Fe Va 0,15 mol ©. Ap dung bio toin electron cho phin ng cla M’ v6i HNO; tgo mudi Fe(NOs), acd = 209, + Bao, = [0,94 mal] ((rong 46 CsHs, CaH(OH)p ¢6 36 mol bing nhau ). Bit ehiy hodn tein 5,444 zm X 181 hip thy toin b@ sin phim chay vio binh dung dung dich Ba(OH); di thi ki lurgng binh ting lén 16,58 gam va xudt hin m gam két ta. Gi tr ~ ——_____ —_____J tong img 18 j A.8va 10. B.8va 15. C.7va 10 D.7 vals (B4 thi tuyén sinh Dai hoe Rh6t A nm 2010 - Hieing din gi Theo gia thidt : —Bswot_ 2 5 Amino axito6 hai nhém -COOH Dyer 2 : bu 0d ; FApr!= Amino ast vt amin dé e6 1 nhbm NH Ramin + Manino axe Nhu vy amin la no, mgch hi, don chite, ¢6 cong thie 1 CyHayNH35 aminno axit 12 no, mgch hd, ¢6 1 nhém -NH; va 2 nhém ~COOH, ¢6 eéng thie 1a H3NCwHie-i(COOH):. Do hai chét 6 ti Ig mol la 1 : 1 nén ta 06 thé tach 1 rnguyén tir H tir CyHag-iNHp va tach 1 nhém ~COOH tir HjNCjHbp.1(COOH)s n22 phicamg php & &3 thu higm dei gid nhank BTTN Higa hpe— Neuyén Mink Tuan +83 hodn 48; vj wi cho nau, s€ duge ha amino axit la HOOCC,HiaNH: va H:NCqHa,COOH. Vay coi X la én gp hai amino axit no, mach i, chia | nhém COOH va | nhém -NHp, 6 c6ng thie phan tla. CeHy5_ ON. Ap dung bio toin nguyén t8C, te6 : co, = fine % on>ae3 Ap dung bao toan nguyen tH, kéthop véi Ayo = (2+ Dan j02N Mino =[7 mol] Ap ding bio toin nguyén tN, t2¢6: 2myy =Reggg,sopn => ny ~ [Lal 3 3. Sit dung hop chit do Vide 1: Hin hop X gbm FeO, FeO; va FesO.. Cho Khi CO qua m gam X nung nnéng, sau mt thai gian thu duge hin hop chét rén ¥ vi hin hgp khi Z. Cho toan b6 Z vio dung dich Ca(OH); du, dén phan (mg hoan toan, thu duge 4 gam két tia, Mat kide, hda tan hodn toan ¥ trong dung dich H,$O. die, néng (du), thu duge 1,008 Iit khf SO; (Akt, sin phim khit duy nhét) va dung dich chia 18 gam mudi. Gia tri cia m la ALT. B. 6,80, C. 5,68. Dz 13,52. (B4 thi tayén sinh Dat hoc Khdi B nim 2013) | a ‘Hucéng dan gid E Chuyén hin hop ¥ thinh hop chit ao Fe,0,. Theo bio toan nguyén 16 Fe, tae6 18 Fen1804)3 = Gop = 4045 mol = e205 Trex05 045.160 =7,2 gam, Dé chuyén hn hop Y thinh hgp chit do Fe,0, thi cin cho ¥ phan tg véi mot Iugng oxi la : ng, = Tsesro ew ai _ 2050) “o 4 4 Theo bio toan kh6i lvong, ta¢6 : mpyyo, =My + Mo, => my =6,48 gam. ar OF omisie Trong phan img cba X vi CO, taed: CO + Otome x) > CO> 4 Suy 80 pain ong =O pin tog HO, 90 ash ‘Theo bao toan khdi lugng, ta 66 : [7,12 gam| By Mo prin tg = My = My " 0.04.16 Gas [ Vidy 3: Hod tan hoan toan m gam hén hop X gm Fe, FeCl, FeCl, trong H,S0, | Cong ty TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vigt Vi dy 2: Hoa tan hoan toan 49,6 gam hon hgp X gim Fe, FeO, Fe:0s, FeO; bing H,SO, dic, néng thu duge dung dich ¥ va 8,96 lit khi SO, (Akt). Thinh phin trim kh6i hong oxi trong fn hep X vi khii hong mudi trong dung dich ¥ li ‘A,20,97% va 160 gam, C.20,97% va 140 gam, B. 30,7% va 140 gam. D. 37,5% va 160 gam. j “Hicing dan gi a Chuyén hn hop X thanh hop chit éo Fe,0s bing eéch cho X phan img voi mot = [20.9674 |, 35.400 = [140 gam 36 Nee205 =p = 038 Ol Meq(s09) = Npea(S00)5 = dc néng, thu duge 4.48 lit khi dur vio Y, thu durge 32,1 gam két tia. Gié tri cia m la 4.168. B.I7,75. €.25,675. Hicéng din git Dé cho viée tinh ton don gin, ta chuyén hén hop X thinh hop chit do FeCl ‘Theo bao toan nguyén 16 Fe, ta06: {Os duy nat (Akte) va dung dich Y, Thém NH D.34,55. 32,1 S z pachy = Rre(omiy “yyy = O3 MOL Mec, =0)3.162,5 = 48,75 gam 'Bé chuyén hn hop X thanh FeCl bing edch cho X phan (ing véi mot lugng Ch, 18: ny =Msoy 4 0,2 mol = moj, =0,2.71=14,2 gam, ‘Theo bio toan khi lugmg, ta €6 : Mpgct, =My + Mer, = mx =[34,55 eam| was Fe Vidu 4: Cho 11,36 gam hin hyp gm Fe, FeO, Fe;0, va dung dich FINO; loang (du, thu duge 1,344 lit ki NO (sin phim k nit lt) vi dan dich X: C8 can dung deh X tha dupe gum mui kan | itr cia ma: A. 49,08. B. 34,36, €.35,50. D.38,72. 1322 phuomg phip & A hut hin de gli mhanh BTTN Ha ge ~ NauyBn Mink Tain Hicémg din g Chuyén hén hop Fe, FeO, Fe:Os, FeO, (hén hyp X) thanh hop chdt ao Fe,Os bing cdch cho X phan ting vi mt Inqng O. la Bano 3 1344 424 2,8 gam, electron trao di 2a yoy = + Moy Ws opie Theo bao toan nguyén t Fe, tne 128 0,04Smol ye¢No3 is = 24905 =2. 0,16 mol 160 = peqnos)y = 616.242 = [38 72gam] Vi du 5: Oxi hod cham m gam Fe ngodi Khong khi, thu dge 12 gam hén gp X | gdm FeO, FesOs, FesO, va Fe du, Hoa tan X vita di bGi 200 ml dung dich HNO, thu duge 2,24 lit NO duy nhét (dkte). Gid tri m va ndng d§ mol cia dung dich HNOs la A. 10,08 gam va 1,6M. B. 10,08 gam va 2M. €. 10,08 gam va 3,2M, D. 5,04 gam va 2M. (Bé thi thie Dai hoc ldn 2 ~ THPT Chuyén Hing Vicong ~ Phi Tho, indi ge 2008 ~ 2009) | ‘Hiciing dan gia Chuyén hn hgp Fe, FeO, Fe;0s, FesO« (hén hop X) thanh hgp chat do FeO; bing cach cho X phan tng véi mt lugng O> la 3 2,24 Reteston tao fost _ 310) to, = asset mo -3 224 0.07501 > mpqos M4 Moy = 44 gm TE dose Theo bio todn nguyen t6 Fe VAN, ta 66 ge ~Mpegno33 ~2M Fo ve ,18 mol => mpy = 0,18.56 = [10,08 gam} 0.64 os =o ao," OE mol (HNO, = 264 ANF oe a Vi dw 6: Cho 22,72 gam hon hop X gom Fe, FeO, FesOs va FesOy phan ung het ‘voi dung dich HNO; loang du, thu duge V lit khi NO (duy nhat 6 dkte) va dung dich Y. Cé can dung dich Y thu durge 77,44 gam mudi khan. Gié tricia B. 4,48. C.2,688, D.2,24. vii (Bé thi thie Dai hgc lan 1 - THPT Chuyén Bie Ninh, ndim lige 2008 — 2009) rs ing ty TNHH MTV YVR Khang Viet Hiring din gidt ‘Chuyén X thanh hyp chit do Fe;Os. 44 ‘Theo gi thidt AEENO3 Sing, 186i ‘Theo bao toan electron, ta 6 : Bayo =4n9, =? Nyg =0512 mol = Vvo aie) =| Vi du 7: Cho 45 gam hn hop 66t Fe vi FeO, vio V lit dung dich HCl 1M, (2,688 ti khudly déu 48 ede phan img xay ra hon toan, thay thoat ra 4,48 lit khi (dkic) va 5 gam kim loai khéng tan. Gia tricia V 1a ALL Git BO, lit C12 tit D.06 lit | (B86 thi thie dai hoe lin 3— THPT Quin Liew I~ Neh An, nim 2011) | ae ‘Hung dan giai Vi sau phan ing Fe du 5 gam nén mudi tgo than la FeCl. Kh Fe,Os tham gia phan tg la 40 gam, lung Fe va Chuyén hn hop 40 gam Fe, FeiO, thinh FeO thi can cho phin img véi mot 2n i hn, = Pees a9 i ‘02 4 4 = Meco = Me, Fey04 + Moy = 43,2 gam. a gg O2 fa => Neg === = 0, FeO = “ae [Mac = 12 it Vide 8: Cho 24,8 gam hon hop X gdm kim logi Kiem th M va oxit cba né te dung v6i HCI dur ta thu durge $5, gam mudi khan va 4,48 lit khi Hy (6 dtc). Kim logi M ta A.Sr. B.Ba. Ca (B8 thi thie Dai hoc ~ 1 “Hieing din gi CChuyén hn hop X thanh thanh hep chat do MO bing cdch eho X phan img voi rigt ugg O; Hi: Maecton ta a No, = eae = =041 mol = mayo = mx +Mo, =28 gam. Ws vim22 phucomg phdp BITN Héa hoe Nau 555-28 28 RMto = Aacly = a= = 0,5 mol => Myo == =56> M +16 =: Mo = AMC, “Fig G +16=56 =>[M=40 Ca) Vidy 9: Cho 18,5 gam hén hop Z gom Fe, FeO, téc dung v6i 200 ml dung dich | HINO, loaing dun néng va khudy déu. Sau khi phan ting xdy ra hodn todn tha durge 2.24 lit khi NO duy nhét (Ake), dung dich Z va edn lai 1,46 gam kim Jogi. Tinh néng 46 molt cia dung dich HNO va khdi lung muéi trong dung. dich Z. A.3,2M va 54 gam. B. 1,8M va 36,45 gam. C.1,6M va 24,3 gam. D.3,2M va 48,6 gam, \ (Dé thi thie dgi hoe lin 4— THPT Quinh Luu 1 - Nghé An, | rndim he 2010 2011) | ~ Hwingdingidi Vi sau phan ting con dur 1,46 gam Fe nén phan ting chi tao ra Fe(NOs)s Mz prin ang =18,5 ~1,46=17,04 gam, Dé chuyén 17,04 gam én hop Z think hgp chit do FeO thi cin cho Z phan img ‘véi mt lugng O> la _Pekecron ro toti_ 3119 "aa 24 24 > mpeg = Mz + Mo, =19,4 gam Tot ois ,075 mol ‘Theo bao toin nguyén tS Fe vaN, a06 [oredioy, =n = Byi0s =2AFe(Noy»» + BNO, t on (OF 4, Sir dung s6 oxi héa so Pi dy Fs Nog icy gan Og Fe vi S eon Ub Kin Klug o6 bling Ki, Sa ‘m6t thoi gian thu duge 12,8 gam hn hap rin X gm Fe, FeS, FeS, S, Hod tan hon todn X trong dung dich H,SO, dae néng, du, thu duge 10,08 lit khi SO. (san pham khir duy nhat), Gi trj eta m la: A566. B84 C112. D.2,8. ‘Huéng din gi Ban chat ciia toan bd qué trinh phan img la Fe va $ tac dung véi HySO, dc a 4 6 néng, dur. Fe va S trong X bj H)SO, oxi héa thinh Fe va S, edn § trong “ H,S0. bi khir v8 S . Nhu vay SO: duge tgo ra trong ¢& qué trinh oxi héa va qua tinh kh, Tuy mhién, dé thudn tign cho vige tinh todn, ta coi sé oxi héa cia S trong qua 6 9 : trinh oxi ha thay abit § ten mie § (35 oxi héado). ‘Ap ding bio ton khbi ugg vb ton electron tno Song +32ng =12.8 3nze + 6ns = 250, = Vi dy 2: Hea tan hoin toan hon hgp X gom 0,02 mol FeS; va 0,03 mol Fes vao lng du H;SO, die ndng thu duge Fex(S0,)s, $03 va H:O. Hp thy hét SO, bing mot lvong via di dung djch KMnO,, thu duge V lit dung dich Y khong ‘mau, trong sur, 06 pH = 2. Gi tr cia V Th: A.V = 226 lit Bit, C.V=1LSit DV ~ ‘Huing dan giai ‘Chit Khir la FeS va FeS>, chat oxi ha li H_SO.. Coi s6 oxi héa cba Fe va S trong FeS> vi FeS du la 0 (s6 oxi hée do). Sau phin {img sé oxi héa cia Fe la +3, cia S la +6. $6 oxi hoa eda Strong H,S0, thay déi tir #6 vé-+4 (rong $02). ‘Ap dung bio toin electron, tae: 13 js, +925 =2Mso, = Mo, 11,3 fi, 0,285 mol. Hap thy 0,285 mol SO» vio dung dich KMnO, vi di, xay ra phan tng 380; + 2KMnO, + 2H0 -> K;SO, + 2H,SO, + 2MnSO, ol: 0,285, > 0114 Dung dich Y chita eae chit Hy$O., K:SOx va MnO, , suy ra [1] = 0,01M. Det _ 2mipsoy _ 20,114 ich du Wa Vy 7 a mgdich Yl: Waey == yO TH. BAI TAP VAN DUNG Bai tap danh cho hoc sinh lip 10 Cau 1: Hén hop X gim Mg, MgO, Ca va CaO, Héa tan 10,72 gam X vio dung ‘dich HCI vira du thu duge 3,248 lit khi (@ktc) va dung dich Y. Trong Y co 12,35 gam MgCl; va x gam CaCh, Gié tx it A. 33,05. B. 15,54. C.31,08 D. 21,78. (Bi thi thd e lin 1 ~ THPT Quin Lue I~ Nghe An, nm hige 2012 ~ 2013) 722 phy php & KS thus hindi gi han BTN Ha hpe— Neuvén Mink Tun Cau 2: Ha tan hoan toin 2,44 gam hn hgp b§t X gdm Fe,O, va Cu bing dung dich H;SO, de néng (dur). Sau phan img thu durge 0,504 lit Khi SO, (sin phim Khe day nit, & dkte) vi dung dich chia 6,6 gam hén hgp muéi sunfat. Cong thie cia oxit sit fa A.Fe.0 B.Fe0. C.Fes0, D. FeO hoge FesOs. ‘Ci 3: Nung m gam bot sit trong oxi, thu duge 4,5 gam hn hop chit rin X. Hoa tan héc hén hop X tong dung dich HjSO, d3e nony (du) dhodt ra 1,26 ie @ kts) SO, (la sin phim khit duy nhat). Gi tj eta m fa A252. B.232. ©.2,22. D.3,78. (Bi thi the Dai hoc lin 4~ THPT chuyén Vinh Phi, nim hoe 2012 ~ 2013) (CA 4: Nung m gam Cu trong oxi, thu dpe hin hop chét rn X 6 khdi huong 24,8 gam gém Cu,0, CuO, Cu, Hoa tan hoan toan X trong dung dich HjSO, dic ing, thu duge 4,48 lit khi SO; (dkte). Gié trj cua m fa A. 22,4 gam. B.2,24 gam. —_C. 6,4 gam. D.32 gam, (@é thi thie dai hoc lan 3 ~ THPT chuyén Neuyén Hud — Ha Noi, rndim hoc 2011 ~ 2012) (Cu 5S: Nung m gam bot sit trong oxi, thu duge 3 gam hdn hop chat rin X. Hoa tan hét hin hop X trong dung dich HINO: (du), thost ra 0,56 lit (6 dkte) NO (la sin phd khir duy nhét). Gia tri ba m la A.2,52. B22. 2,62. D.2,32 (B84 thi twyén sinh Dai hoe khdi B nim 2007) ‘Cu 6: Cho 17,04 gam hdn hap X gém Fe, FeO, Fe;Os va FesOx phan img hét véi dung dich INOS loting di thu duge 2,016 It khi NO (sn phim khir day nhat 6 dktc) va dung dich Y. C6 can dung dich Y thu duge m gam mudi khan. Gis tr cia ma A, 53,250. B. $8,080. €. 73,635, D.51,900, (Dé thi thie Dai hoc ln 1 ~ THPT Chuyén Béic Ninh, niim hoc 2011 Bai tdp dink cho hoe sink lép 11, 12 (Cu 7: Hoa tan hoan toan 2,9 gam hén hop gim kim loai M va oxit cia né vio ‘ude, thu due 500 ml dung dich chita mot chét tan o6 ndng 46 0,04M va 0,224 lit hi Hy (6 dkte). Kim loai M la A.Ca. B.Ba. 2012) CK. ‘D.Na. (Bb thi yan sinh Bai oe khdi B nim 2009) iu 8*: Cho 11,36 gam hén hop M gdm Fe, FeO, FesOs, FeyO, phan img hét voi ‘dung dich FINOs loaing du, thu duge 1,34 lit (dkte) khi NO (la sin phim khit duy nbit) va dung dich X. Dung dich X cé thé hoa tan duge tdi da 11,2 gam Fe. ‘$6 mol etia HNOs c6 trong dung dich ban dau la (biét sn pham khit cla HNO; trong cdc phan ing la NO): ‘A. 0,94 mol B. 0,64 mol. C.0,86 mol, 0,78 mol. 18 (Cong ty TNHH STV DVVEE Khang Vi (i thi the dai hoe lin 2~ THPT Chuyen Neupin Hud ~ Ha Noi, nm hoe 2011 ~ 2012) Ci 9*: Cho 38,04 gam hn hgp X gdm Mg, Ca, MgO, CaO, MgCOs, CaCOs tée dng véi dung dich HCI vita di, thu duge 9,408 lit hin hyp ki (ate) 6 t kb ‘so véi hidro la 12,5 va dung dich chita 25,65 gam MgCl, va m gam CaCh. Gia tri cda m 1a A. 39,96 gam B.41,07 gam, ‘Cu 10: Dung dich X chita eée ion: CO, €.38,85 gam. D. 37,74 gam, 0,1 mol HCO,”, 03 mol HSO,” va 0,1 mol K*, Them V due long két tia 1én nat, Gid tr] nhé nat cia V la: A. 0,15. B.0,25. €.0,20. D,0,30. ‘Ciu 11: Dung dich X chira a mol Na’; b mol HCO}; ¢ mol CO} va d mol dung dich Ba(OH); IM vao X thi thu HSO;. Bé tao két tia kin nhét ngudi ta phai ding vita hét 100 ml dung dich Ca(OH); x mol/. Biéu thite tinh x theo a va b la: atb arte a+b arbed Ol” “02 o . 0,2 Cau 12: Mét logi nuée cing ¢6 chita Ca” 0,002M; Mg™ 0,003M va HCO, . Hay Kay bao nhiéu ml dung dich Ca(OH), 0,05M nude eimg 4 thin mire mém (coi nr cfc phan ting xdy ra hodn toan va két ta thu dirge gdm CaCO; va Mg(OH),). ‘A.200 ml. B. 140 ml C. 100m D. 160 mt (Bé thi thie dai hoc lin 4— THPT Chuyén Nguyén Hug ~ Has Noi, nam oc 2010-2011) Clu 13*: Trong mét céc nude c6 hoa tan a mol Ca(HCO;), va b mol Mg(HCO3)2. Dé lam mém nude trong cdc cén ding V lit nude véi trong, ndng 4 p molt Biéu thite lién hé gidta V voi a, b, p la: AV=(at2byp. BLV=(a+b)2p. C.V=(a+byp. D.V=(a+b)p, (iu 14: Dét chdy hoan toan a hn hap X gdm butan, but-I-en, etiten, xiclopropan, 1), Sau phan ting thu due 33,6 lit Gx cho anetlen (tf mol eta butan vi axctlen 1.1 CO; (dktc), Gia trj cla a la A.24 gam, B.23gim. C.20 gam, 21 gam. Ciu 15: Dét chdy hoin toin mét luyng hin hop X gdm metan, propen, metylxiclopropan, benzen (ti 1 mol cha metan va benzen la 3 : 1). Sau phan ling thu duce 35,84 lit CO, (dkte) va m gam HO. Gia tri eda m 1a: A. 28,8 gam, B, 43,2 gam, C. 20 gam, D. 30 gam,‘Cu 16: Hn hop X gim 2 ancol lé propan-2-ol va glixerol e6 t118 mol 1: 1. Bét chay hét m gam han hop X, thu duge 1,68 lit CO; (Akte). Cang cho m gam X tic dung hét véi Na du, sau phan tg thu durge V lit Hs (Ate). Gis tri ela V fa: A. 0,56 lit B. 0,84 lt C042 lit D. 1,68 lt. Cau 174: Hn hop X gbm etylenglicol,ancol etyle, ancol propylic vihexan trong 3 ng, = ney 446 s6 mol hexan bing s6 mol etilen glycol. Cho m gam hén hgp X tie dung véi Na dir thu dure 0,4032 lit Hp (Ake). Mat khde dét m gam hén hop X ean 4,164 Moyo =Mx +Mo, = 35 mol=> Mey = 0,35.64 Cu 5: Tao hgp chit ao Fe,Os bing céch cho X phan ing v6i Op lit O, (dkte). Gi tri eta m la Mpeg, = My +Mo, =3+ 2.258. 39=3,6 gam = aheq05 = 2° = 0,025 mol 205, OE 8 293 “160 4.2235 B. 1,788 €.2,682 D.2388 (Bi i tide hoe kin 2» Trung THT Chen Bb Tre, nm hoe 2011-2012) Mee = 2po, ~0045 mol => mg, =0,45.56 = [257 ga . ‘Cfiu 6: Tao hop chit do Fes0s bing céch cho X phn tng vii Os, PHAN TICH VA HUONG DAN GIAI 3 2,016 Mpq305 “Mg +g, =I 0442 BOP 3219.2 gam= Bp 305 = 0) = NN0995 = 2MFey03 = 0,24 mol => MpeN05)5 B [28 [3 [4A [5A] HD 12D [3A | 14D PsA f16A 24.242 = [58,08 gam oi o ciu7: So d8 phin img: (M, M;0,) + HO > M(OH), + Hy 4 y4(orhg = 004.0,5 = 0,02 mal; ny, aaah =00 mol Tao hgp chit do M,0, bing ech cho M va M,O, phan img véi O:, 2 : ‘Mytg09 = Mar, M30) * Blo, = 29+ 70.01.32 =3,05 gam. 3,06 0,01 Dy org =2M4G0, =F M30, = 9401 mol Marp0,, ™Ge205, CuO) = MFe40y, C0) * Mog =2 = Vay ta 0 hé phuong trink 72M +160 =306= 137 Ba) 160n e305 + 80Ncyo = 2,8 ‘Cau 8*: Tao hop chit do Fe;0; bing cdch cho M phan img véi O,, apg $0,025 400m, +1605 Fe =O ae ie =001 Impe305 = Me, 05, F304 FeO)* Moy = 5.303 = Fe3(804)33"Cu0 Se anon UIE ah > req05 eee CCoi nhur Fe va Fe,Oy phan tig véi HNOs dé tgo ra musi Fe(NOs): (vi dung dich = Fe,0, fa [Fe0] X hoa tan tdi da Fe), (Clu 3: Tao hop chit ao Fe:O, bing ech cho X phan tmg véi Os 2npe = 2305 +3Myo = Ano = 0,08 = Fn ge min = 0306+ 0,08 = 0,14 mol Mego =My +Moy =4,5-+2 479 39.5.4 gam =, 0337S mol ote? Fe0p =Mx +Moy =4,5+ 5.7 32=5.4 gam = Mpero, . _ p24 {60 = Miioy =2AFeN0999 + ANO =2N4e + 20s) Lng ~ [WHE mol =) Mpe = 2Mes05 = 0.0675 mol = me =0,0675.56 =[3.78 gam] a aa OW. 20 eT22h php & 69 thu hign digi nhanh BTTN Ha hye ~ NewyBn Mink Tun Cong» TNHH MTV DYVI Khang Vide Cau 9: ; scam) . Mg,MgCOs,MgO yc), {CaCl -a(OH)2]=|-F> So dé phan im; al + 00, T +H, 1 + HAC B ‘Theo gid tiét, ta 06: Sir dung bao todn dign tich trong dung dich nude cimg, ta 6 4 22,4 ard mal cont ‘Gaia [4410 + 2myiy =0,42.12,5.2 (Meta =O ‘Chuyén dung dich nuée cimg thanh dung dich ao X chita 0,002 mol Ca”, 0,003 'é chuyén hn hop X hinh Nin hap 40 X” MgO, CaO, a thém mt 109MB.O: sao Mig, 001 mol H va 0,01 mol CO, pea on So dd phan img cia X vi dung dich Ca(OH): Metcuen tw i _ 2g ; deen Mog = SS ae =A. = 0,095 mol vi bot 1 lupng’CO? I 0,23 mel. {os oMB* —_caoroy fests 4, Suy ra: my, =38,04+ 0,095.32 0,23.44 =30,96 gam. |H*,.co2- caco, J BK RO mCOp Khi cho V lit dung dich Ca(OH), 0,05M vao X, xy ta phan img cia ion Ca” ‘Theo bao toan nguyén t6 Mg, Ca, tac6 : (trong X va trong Ca(OH);), véi ion’ GO3?- tgo két ta. Ta 6 Ago = Mgcr = Aoyae = Mog, 2- = 0,002+0,05V =0,01=5 V =0,16 lit = [160 ml] 30, 17.40. = Mggc1, = 0,36.111=[39,96 gam] oat OM Moxey, “eyo = PEAT 0.36 | cin: Can 10: Chuyén dung dich nude eimg thinh dung dich 4o X cha a mol Ca”, b mol Mg", 2a#2b) mol Hya @ar+2b) mol CO; Chuyén dung dich X thanh dung dich ao X° gm céc ion CO, $O;*, uve ine ee ee ce! Khi cho V lit dung dich Ca(OH), pM vio X, xy ra phin tng cia ion Ca” 802°, 044 mol H, va 0,1 iol K* : is 5 fi (rong X ya trong Ca(OH), v6i fon COs? to két ta, Ta 66: Cho Ba(OH); vao X° igo ra kt ta la BaCOs, BaSOs, BaSO.. Nhu vay cde ion 8 CUETO ye HK due thay thé bing ion Ba ngs =Mep 2 98+ Vp=204 26] Ap dung bio toan dign tich, ta e6 Angure Bye Pe PMs = a Or ),25 mol = npacouyy = 025 mol Chu 1d: Hn hop X gm cae chit e6 céng thite phin tt fa CyH, CaHls, CoH Cakl. Vi CéHlig vA CoH, 06 ti 18 mol [a 1:1 nén 06 thé téch hai nguyéa tit H & CiHye chuyén sang CH, = Via Bao) 1M oie) = [0.25 Tt Cau 1: Vay 06 thé chuyén X thinh hn hop ao X’ gdm CyHg, C3Hs, CoHy, DE thay cde Chuyén dung dich X thanh dung dich ao X* ybm cde ion CO;”", SOy™, (o* cht trong ° du 66 dang chun lt CyHa ‘Theo bio toan nguyén 16 C va méi quan he gitta s6 mol cba C vi H trong X°, ta 4) mol H* , via mol Na’. ‘Cho Ca(OH), vio X° tgo ra két ta la CaCOs, CaSO, Nine vay ede ion H’, Na’ 3,36 duge thay thé bing ion Ca”. 6; {PC =Peo = 39 gOS a, amy = O15, 12+0,3.1= Pata Ap dung bio toan dign tch, ta 66 [ny =2ne =0,3, mo HT 2nay =O, +m, Mg, =2AP*F mol = ng, 2tb4d sol point: x cae ut Duet, eat cafoHn2 Céing thie phin tir cia cdc chat trong hén hop X la CHy, CeHs, CeHe. Ti 18 56 co | mol eda CH, vi CoH la 3 1, nén gid strong hin hop c6 3 phan tis CH, th sé22 plug php 49 thudt hen de ll nhan BTN Ha hoe — Nguyen Minh Tin 1 phan tir CoH, Tir 3 phin tir CHa, mdi phan tir tach My 2 nguyén tir H chuyén cho C.Hy khi dé ta sé durge hén hp do X’ la CH, CcHi2, Cals. DE thy céc chit trong X’ déu c6 dang chung li C,H. Trong phan img d6t chy X’, ta 06 35,84 M0 e025 = 1,6 mol => myo =1,6.18 = [28,8 gam Cau 16: ‘Cong thite phan tr ca cée ehét trong X la CsH;OH va CsHs(OH)s. Vi hai chit ‘trong X 06 ti IG mol la 1: 1, nén ta tach 1 nguyén tr H tir CyH;OH va 1 nhém ~ OH tir CsHs(OH)s 13 d5i vi tri cho mhau, sé duuge chét 66 cng thie phan tr la CAH(OH): “Theo bio toin nguyén «6 C va ti 1g sé mol C va s6 mol nhém OH trong CsHe(OH), ta 66 : ng = Neo, = 0,075 mol ne 3 => Noy = 0,05 mol Ton 2 Trong phan ding ciia CsH(OH): v6i Na, theo bo todn nguyén t6 H, ta 06 Noy =2ny, => ny, = 0,025=> Vip caute) = 0,025.22,4 cau 17: ‘Vi hexan (CeH,) va C:H,(OH), ¢6 s6 mol bing nhau nén bot mét nhém — OH cea C:H,(OH), sang CH va chuyén mgt nguyén tt hidro cia CeHie sang CsH,(OH),; thi cOng thite chung cia céc chat trong X ld CyHay OH. ‘rong phan img cia X véi Na, theo bio toan nguyén t6 H, ta 6 SA032 6,036 mol 2a MogHiag OH = 2p Theo bao toin nguyén t6 Oy va mbi quan hé gita sb mol COs, HO vi Cy Fay + :OH, ta 06 ACgHan 10H +2R0, = 2Nc0, + 9H,0 036 Tits H30 ~ Neo; Catan 0H otis my = 0124.12 + 0,16. + 0,036.1 mH 24 Congty TNHH MTV DYVH Khang Vige Phung chipi2. SU DUNG GIA TRI TRUNG BINH J, PHUONG PHAP TRUNG BINH 1. N@i dung phurmg php trung bin bi v6i hn hop cae chit, ef da Kron trun binh nx M,C, H, 0, CHO, COOH, x... 06 § ngha hét sie quan trong, Khi biét gi tr ciia ede dai hrong nay, ta o6 th8 tim duge thanh phin cfe chat trong hn hop hode ¢6 thé tinh todn durge Iugng chét trong phin img (Imong chat tham gia phan tng hog lngng chit tao thin). sé nguyén tC, H, O trung binh, s6 nhém chive andehit, axit rung binh va 96 lign két x trung binh,. cia ede chit trong hin hop. Phuong phap trung binh li phuomg php se dmg nh chide va gid of ea ee a cong trung binh dé gidl bai tdp héa hoe. Cong thie tinh ede gid tr trung binh <_ Min +Mymy + M ry Bin bop Ee Masenop Cyn #Cym +. enone nin op _ PCO ay +0, + Taiatp ——Padansp "io hop Hyn,+Hyny +. Be uongnin typ _ 70 _ By y+ + Maa ap Mot nip aia gp Opn +O9n, + _ Mo wong hin bop GG = CHO = HOE + 5 Pome inne Pas (ny ——_ COOH,n, + COOH, n, + oor = LOH + COON, + thy + Aha nop pny + Mtg pain ong _ "bp phin ng Maintop xin nay Theo bio todn electron : 2m cio Do dé ta €6 (*). Mag P.cHo =~ ‘Trong 46 Mi, May ld khbi hugmg mol cia ede exit trong hn hap; Ci, Cas Hi 2822 phcong pip & iy thudt hin dl gi nhanh BTTN Héa pe Nguyin Minh Tan Haw. la s6 nguyén tir C, s6 nguyén tir H eta cée chit trong hin hp; CHO,, CHO, COOH, COOH... fi sé nhém chite CHO, COOH cia eée chat trong bn HOPS Fs 7s 1a sé lién két x cia cde chét trong hn hop; mi. ny. la s6 ‘mol cila cée chat trong hin hgp. ‘Trong cdc c6ng thite trén, ta c6 thé thay sé mol ciia etic chdt béing phdn trétm vé ‘86 mol, phan trim vé thé tich hodc thé tich ciia cde chét. (Cae gid tri trung binh khéc cting tinh twong ty nhur ten. ‘Tinh chat cia gid ti trung binh : Mai Moyer =Magai 2} Const Cons a} Hie 2. Uw diém eiia phuong php trung binh a, Xét cdc hurig gi Cau 30 ~ Ma dé 175: Hibn hop Khi X gim anken M va ankin N ob cing nguyén tir cacbon trong phin tt. Hn hop X o6 khdi lung 12.4 gam va thé tich 6,72 lit (& dkte), S6 mol, cGng thire phan ti etia M vaN lan lugt la: A.0,1 mol C3H, vi 0,2 mol CHa. B. 0,I mol CsH, va 0,2 mol GH. | C.0,2 mol CzH, va 0,1 mol C3H,, D. 0,2 mol CH va 0,1 mol CH. | (Dé thi tayén sinh Dat hye Audi A ni 2008) | Hicing din git _ © Clich 1 : Sirdung phueong phap tim khong gid han sé nguyén tie C Dat cOng thite cla M va N lin Ig 18 CyHoy (x mol) vi C,Hana (y mol) Theo gid tid, ta 06 { 6, x+y =0,3 xt 03 4,20 =2y +12, 204 = ]H4ney)-2ya1n4 {izes L4nx +(4n~2)y =12,4 ra O5, ching t CsHe phai o6 sé mol nhiéu hon. Suy ra D la dap an ‘ing: [0,2 mol C,H, va 0,1: mol CH, b. Nh xét: Voi céch 1 : Bb gii quyét duge bai toén, ta phiégidi m@t hg 2 phuong tinh, rung lei 63 ns V8mat ly thuyét thi hg nhu vy Khdng thé gidi dug! Trén tye t hg van 6 thé gi duge vi cdc dn 5 06 didu kién cia nd (0-My, =My,0 28 ‘Theo bio todn nguyén tb Al, ta o6 037m => m, =213.0,037m ANOS) H,NOs, ).112m (gam) = Noy 0,0014m (mol). Ap dung bio toin electron, ta e6 3 ay Bayo +10my, +8M44,yo, us » igNOs 21.6 gam| ookim “oie Oe “oporam Vi dy 2: Ha tan hoan toan 12,42 gam Al bing dung dich HNO; foding (du), thu urge dung dich X va 1,344 lit (6 dkte) hdn hop shi ¥ gm hai khi ta N:O va ‘Nz. Ti khdi cia hén hgp khi ¥ so voi khi Hy é 18. C8 can dung dich X, thu | dupe m gam chit rén khan. Gif tr ei m a B. 106,38 A. 97,98. (BB Ahi tyén sith Dai hoe khdi A nam 2009) “Hucing dn gidi Thay hai khiN; va NO thanh N;O,. Ta ¢6 : 14.2+ 16x = 18.2 =36= x =0,5 Véi x = 0,5 thi sé oxi héa cila N trong NO, la (.5. Nhur vay s6 oxi ha eta N trong HNOs gidm tir+5 va +0,5. Gia str phan ing tao ra mudi NH{NO;, ta co oe =a“ ay Mp, “ORI + C10540- Vidy [Vide 3: Hoa tan hoin ton 8,862 gam Rba hop Bn Al vb Mag vio dung dich HINO; loting, thu duge dung dich X va 3,136 lit (& dkte) hin hop Y g6m hai IEhi khang mau, trong 48 e6 mét khi héa ndu trorg khong khi. Khéi lung cia Y 1a 5,18 gam. Cho dung dich NaOH (du) vio X va dun néng, khong e6 khi mii khai thoat ra. Phan tram khdi long cila Al trong hén hop ban dau la A. 19,53% B1525% ——C.105% 12.80% i thi tayén sind Cao ding nd 2009 Hcg din gi Hn hop Y gdm hai khi Khéng mau, trong d6 e6 mot kh héa ndu trong khSng kh Suy ra ¥ e6 NO va con Iai f& mét trong hai Khi Ns (M = 28) hoge N:O (M = 44). 2922 plucong pulp & AS thudt hin dal pl nhanh BTTN Ha hoc Neuyén Mink Tubn ‘NO (M=30) N,0 (M=44) Dung dich sau phan img téc dung véi dung dich NaOH dun néng, khéng c6 khi ‘mii Khai thodt ra ching 15 phan img cia Al, Mg véi HINO; khdng tao ra LNNOs. O14 7 eam! mak = Mo 14n~2 os =n=26. Vay hai ankin la CH, va C:Hy, Chét rin thu duge trong phan img eta X véi ‘dung dich AgNOyINH; la C:Ag: (CAg = CAg)va GHyAg (CAg stres: {eaMa * Meats TO05- Mean, 26, 40M, =W72~ | Mesiy Mg in = 9102-240 + 0,03,147 =[9,21 gam] Moprsa — MCsHyAege sguyen sume tuan _ Vi dy 7: Hidro hod hoin (oan m gam hn hgp X gam hai andehit no, don chic, ‘mach hd, ké tiép nhau trong day dng ding thu duwge (m+ 1) gam hin hop hai ancol. Mat kh, ki dt chay hoan ton cling m gam X thi ein via di 17,92 litkhi O; (6 dkte). Gi tr etiam fa A105. BITS. C88. D. 24,8 (Bé thi tuyén sinh Bat hoe khdi B ndm 2009) Hieing 7 at cng thie phan tir trung binh eda hai andehit la CH.-O. m+ ly % Trong phan img cng Hs, 18.66: Ney -0 Phan tg aét chay 3n-1 mol: 0,5 > 0,25Gn-1)= Theo (1) va gia thiét, suy ra a 0,504.1,4+16) c:H,,0 + 240, “+ ico, + nH,0 18 17,8 gam Vida 8 Hin hop X gm HCOOH vi CHSCOOH (81 mol I: 1); hn hop ¥ gom CH\OH vt C3HOH (t IG mol 3:2). Lay 11,13 gam hén hop X tée dung véi 7,52 gam han hop Y 6 xic tée H;SO, dae, dun néng. Khéi lugng cia este thu dary li (bit higu suit ct phn img este du 75%) A.114345 gam, B. 10.89 gam, C. 14,52 gam. 11,616 gam. (thie kin 1 THET Quinh Lucu I — Nghe An, nim hoe 2012 ~2013) Huéng din gid Theo gi tht ta 06 : Mx = 460 113 53 3 gam / mol => ny 0,21 mol, My 32.34+46.2 =37,6 gam/ mol => ny 376 phan ding este héa tinh theo ancol. 10,89 gam| Cong » TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vigt Hucing din gidi So dé phan img NaH, C20.1° CyH,z,,COONa M0. CH; ,COOH MOH ‘Theo (1) va gia thiét, ta 06 =3,34=13,2>14n+2=13,290=08, CH. o Meitaiea Suy ra : Hai axit cacboxylic la HCOOH va CHsCOOH, {Goi x va (100 —x) la phn trim vé 58 mol eta hai ait, ta 06 + Ox +100 “100 Vidw 10: Hin hop khi X gm etilen, metan, propin va vinylaxetilen c6 ti kh so 7. Dét chdy hoan toan 0,05 mol hén hg> X ri hap thy toan bo sin phim chy vo binh dung dich Ca(OH), (du) thi khSi lung bin ting thém m em coon =20% VA. Fn coon = 80% gam. Gid tr clam 1a: A585. B.3,39 €.66. D.73. (D8 thi tuyén sini Dai hoc khdi B ncim 2011) eT ‘Hucing din gid Hn hop X gém etilen, metan, propin va vinylaxetilen ¢6 cOng the phan tr Lan lagt la CHa, CH, CoH, Ca (Céc chit trong X déu ¢6 4 nguyén ti H, chi Khic nhau s6 nguyen tC. Vay dat cing thie phn tr trng binh cba ee chit trong XB C-H, Theo gid tit: Mog, =17. ‘Theo bio toan nguyén t6 C va H, ta 06: 18: 0. Mpg sng =(c0,, #0) = 125-44 +O C0, Vi dy 9: Cho hon hop X gom 2 axit cacboxylic no, dan chi | tang ht dang ch COM, Lars mi ih cho ph thu duge hn hep khi oti ki so voi He la | 33. Hai axit d6 6 phn tim 56 mol Lin hot i | A30% va 70%. B.20% vA 0%, _C. 25% v8 75%. D, 50% vi 50% | (hi thie dai hoc lin 1 ~ THPT chupén Nguyén Hud ~ Ha Nt rndim hoc 2012 ~ 2013) 32 Vid Ti; Bot chay hodn toin 4,02 gam hon hyp X gm axit acrylic, vinyl axetat ‘VA metyl metacrylat, Cho todn 65 sin phim chay vao binh | dyng dung dich H;S0, dic, binh 2 dung dung dich Ba(OH): du, thay kh6i luong binh | ting m ‘gam, binh 2 xudt hign 35,46 gam két tha, Gis tj eis m 1a A270 B24 €.3.24, D365 (8 thi chon HG tinh Tht Bink nam hge 2012 2013) “Hicing din git Anit acrylic, vinyl axetat va metyl metacrylat 66 edng the efi tgo Hin Iugt Ia (CH,=CHCOOH, CH;COOCH=CH;, CH;=C(CHs)COOCH3. 3B22 pho php & 5 thudt hin dg gi hank BTTN H6a hoc Neuyén Mink Tain Cig y TNHHL SITY DYVH Khang Vit Dat céng thie phan ti trng bin ota cé chit trong X a C;Hz ,0, (k=2), 4 %HCOOC;H, =2.50CH,COOCH, (**) Theo gi tid ta thy: KEt tia @ in 2 la BaCOs,khSiIuomg binh 1 ng lakhdi TW (#) va (*), suy ra song cia H.0. . [esHCOOC, H, = 40%; %CH,COOCH, = 20%; %C,H,COOH = 40%] Goi téng s6 mol eta eke chit trong X la x mo, Theo gi thiét va bao ton ce ag cg, [BE time Gtlgg 02 7 Peo, ~Panco, ~ O18 b. Sicdyng nhidu gi tri erung binh nguyén t8 C, ta 06 I VE du 13: Hin bgp M gbm mOt andehit va mOt ankin (@6 cing 86 nguyen te cacbor) Bét ehdy hodntodn x mol h&n hgp M, thu dge 3x mol COs vi 18x fe a f mmol H,O. Phin trim s6 mol ei andeit trong hin hop M la | ~ > A, 20%. B. 50%, C. 40%. D. 30%. (140+30x=4,02 [x=0,05 (BR thi tuyén sinh Dai hoc khdi B.ndim 2011) Si dang cng chi (c—D.tgyatsneo "0, “Ras BY ———————————Fatng ding? oe sé nguyén tir cacbon va hidro trung binh eta andehit va ankin Ja: #40 = cog ~Restiyg soy “O13 mol = myo 2.34 gam] ‘ nS co oie bs ete an) “= = Vid 12%: Hon hop M gim ba cht hu eo X, V, Z don chi 1a ding phin ela ano nko) hau, déu tée dung duye v6i NOH. Bun néng 13,875 gam hin hop M véi| = 2M ,0 dung dich NaOH vira di, thu duge hin gp ancole6 ti kh6i hoi so v6i H, bing | Hane any = =——2-—= = 3,6, 2), 20,67 vi 15,375 gam hn hop musi. O 136,5°C, 1 atm thé tic hoi chia 4,625 ; Mandi ante) gam X bing 2,1 lit. Phan tram kh6i Iugng cia X, Y, Z (theo thé ty khdi lugng | TF (1) va (2), suy ra mol gée axit ting din) lin hugt la: Ankin li CH=C—CH, (C,H, ; andehit la CH =C~CHO (C,H,0). Ae 37,3%5 25 4% 37.3% B, 40%5 2026; 40%, Goi a vi (1 -a)s6 mol eta andehit vi ankin trong 1 mol hén hgp. Ta 06 €.37,3%5, 37,3%; 25.4%. D. 20%; 40% 40%. 69a =0,2=> Hiandehit askin) =2a-+ 40-2 (Dé thi thie Dai hoe Win 1 ~ THPT Lanong Disc Bing ~ Thanh Hoa, tndim hoe 2013 - 2014) | _[Yfay TH Hen hp X gbm hai anit cacbonylic no, mach ha Y va Z (phan tr Khoi . Hung din gidé ‘iia Y nh hon cia Z). Bdt chay hoan toan a mol X, sau phan tng thu duge a | ‘Theo gia thiét, ba chét X, Y, Z 1a dng phan va déu téc dung duge voi NaOH. ‘mol HO, Mat khac, néu a mol X téc dung voi lung du dung dich NaHCO, : 2h oa tht Gaye 1,6 mol COs. Think pin phn rim theo Kh uong ea Y tong 0.082273 +1365) Xia: B. 40,00%. C.25,41%, D.74,59%, | 4,625 A, 46,67%. = My =M, =Mx = 0,0625 Let eta (Bé thi tuyén sinh Dai hoe khéi B dim 2011) =X lk HCOOC Hg: ¥ 18 CHCOOCI; X 1b C,H,COOTL, “Heine din gia 13,875, icons =x, ¥,2) = ~5q 7 ON B75 mol = Mg = %HCOOC, H, = %C,H,COOH (*) =, {¥ HCOOH (« mol) Z I HOOC-COOH (y mol) Sit dung so 48 duimg cho, ta c6 : Phan img cia X v6i NaHCO; CHOH 32 46 ~41,36 COOH + NaHCO, > COONa + CO, + H,0 aia Suy ra: Cato 46-7” a1 36-32ong y sive oniy wre anang viet © Hucimg 2: Dyea vio bio toan nguyén 16 vas bdo todm dign tich Theo bao toan nguyén t5 R va bio toan dign tich treng dung dich sau phan dng, 22phucong php & Ay huge hi dl gil hank BTTN Ha hoe ~Nguyén Minh Tad i COOH. Vay %mycoon = 2.46+3.90 Vi dy 3*: Hoa tan hoan toan hén hop X gom 0,1! mol Al va 0,15 mol Cu vi ddung dich HNOs, thu duge 1,568 lit (dite) hin hop ¥ gém 2 khi (trong dd ¢6 | hi khéng mau héa nau ngodi King khi) vi dung dich Z chia 2 rau6i. $6 mol | HNO; da tham gia phan img I | A. 0,63 mol. B. 0,7 mol. C. 0,77 mol. ‘D. 0,76 mol. (Phi thi lin 1 — THT Quin Lieu 1~ Nghé An, nim hoe 2010 - 2. Tim chét a, Sir dyng mét gid trj trung bin [ Vi du 12 Hoa tan hoin toan 6,645 gam hén hop mudi clorua cha’hai kim loai | kiém thuge hai chu ki ké tiép nhau vao nude duge dung dich X. Cho toa bX dung dich X tée dung hoan toi v6i dung dich AgNOs (du), thu duge 18,635 |. gam két tia. Hai kim logi kiém tn la | 2011) A.NavaK. B.RbviCs. — G.LivaNa. |. D, Kab. ‘Hucéng din git i thigupénsinh Cao ding ndm 2011)| Theo gi thiét suy ra : Phan tmg khéng t9o ra mui6i amoni, dung dich Z chita 2 _ ‘Huong dan gidi “ mudi 1a AI(NOs); va Cu(NOs):. Trong Y ¢é mét Khi la NO, khi nay héa nau Goi céng thite ciia hai kim logi kiém 1a R. trong khéng khi. Theo bao toan nguyén t6 Cl, tac5 : ane +s . < nas 6,645 _ Goi a 18 s6 electron trung binh ma N nha vio dé sinh ra hn hop ki Y. Theo Baer = Baget “gq got mol > Macs = 5 = 51 11> Ma = 15,61 bio todn electron, ta c6 : Suy ra hai kim logi kiém ta [iva Nal many = 3a, t 2c, = 0.65 Biediee FeP 10. om bn i Vi du 2: Hoa tan het 10,1 gam hon hgp hai kim logi kiém thudc 2 chu ki lién tigp 4 ‘vio nue thu durge 3 lit dung dich c6 pH = 13. Hai kim loai kim dé la | ALi, Na. B.K Rb. C.NaK. D. Rb, Cs. (Thi thie dai oe lin 4 — THPT Chneyén — Dai hoe Vink, rndim ge 2010~ 2011) Hucdng din git soe Dung dich sau phan img ¢6 pH= 13, ‘Theo bdo toan electron va gia thiét : I +8 5 Dé sinh ra NO, N da nbn vio 3 electron. Véy dé sinh ra khi con lai thi N. phai as nhdn nbigu hon 9 electron. Suy ra N da nbn vdo 10 electron dé sinh ra khi Nz Hai khi trong Y la NO va Ne. 0,01 [3nyo +10m, oe Ryo +My, =C.07 Ny = 1, [OH] =01M; n, 13 mol, suy mapOH = 1, [OH-]=0.JMiny Theo bao toan nguyén t6 N, ta c6 : at cOng thie chung cua hai kim loai kiém la R. = 0,63 +(0,01 + 0,06.2) =[0,76 ml] © Hucing 1: Tin theo phuwong trinh phn ing Manos =o, yo mos 7 wong hn kat Phuong trinh phan Ging : 7 R+H,O>R' +0 + $M, o _ Ngoai ra edn c6 mét edch Khée ngin gon hon (xen phieong php tim khodng id ha). mole. 08 Vidu-4: D&t chay hoan toin 6,72 lit (Akis) hon hgp gam hai hidrocacbon X va Y (My> Mg), thu duge 11,2 lit CO» (te) va 10,8 gam HO. Céng thie ea X li ACH. BCH CCH, D. Cit. (Bi th uyénsinh Cao ding nam 2010) Theo (1), suy ra: ny =m ‘Vy hai kim logi kiém ké tiép 1a [Na (M=23) va K (M=39)| 37 3622 phucng php & AS thus hin dai gl nhanh BTTN Héa hge— Nguyén Mink Tuan Tacd: Gx,vy Vidy 5*: Hon hop khi X gom mot ankan va mot anken. Ti Khoi cia X so véi bing 11,25. Bét chéy hodn toin 448 lt X, thu duge 6,72 lit CO; (ede thé te hi do é dkte). Céng thire cita ankan va anken lin lugt la A. CH, va CHa. B. CHs va C7Hy. C. CH, va C3Hs. D. CH va CaHs. (Bi thi tayén sinh Dai gc khdi B nd 2014 ‘Hung din gidi Peo, 0.3. oa 'Sé nguyén tir cacbon trung binh cia la: Cx .5=> ankan la CE ‘Theo gia thiét, ta 06 : my =11,25.2.0,2 Mx x 0.9 >I, 0,45 mol Khi dét chay hon hop gdmankan va anken agtan = 8110 ~ cog = O15 MOL HM gueq =0,2~ 0415 = 0,05 mol, ous 0S ‘Theo bio toan nguyén t6 Opta 6 Rc wong GH, * Be wone CyHay =sanken 1a Gils, Vay X bm [CH, va CH, Vid, 6: Nitro hod bezen thu duge hn hyp 2 cht hi eo X va V, tong 48 V nhiéu hon X mt nhém -NO;, Dét chay hoan toan 12,75 gam hén hop tréa thu due CO>, HzO va 1,232 lit Np (dkte). Cong thire phin ti va sé mol cia ‘rong hn hop Ia: ‘A. CHSNO; va 0,05. C.CgH(NOz)e vA 0,01 B. CsH.NO, va 0,08. D. CaHla(NO2)2 Vi 0,05. “Hicéng din gidt jt céng thie phan tr trung binh cla hai hgp chat nitro la CH, <(NO,) 1 6 s6 mol lax. ‘Theo gia thiét va bdo toan nguyén t5 N, ta 06 : Bc e809; 728%; _ [ae=0,11 > S > oy), =12,75 (78+ 4Sn)x =12,75 x=01 Meg 38 Vidu 7: Wis hep 3 ancol don chit X, Y, Z e6 ting s6 mol la 0,08 va Khor | Cong ty TNHH MTV DYVE Khang Vift Suy ra: X va Y lan lurgt la CsHsNO> (a mol) va CcHs(NO2), (b mol). Hing 1: Cin cit vio 56 nhm NOs tung binh, ta 66: fe ra wofe 0,09 a+b=O1 [b= 0,01 Céng thie phin teva 66 mol cia X trong hin hop ta [EgHNO, v8 0.09 mol B=1d Mz, A. CHOH BGHOH. © C.GHOH. —D.CAHOH. (88 thi thi Dai oe lin 1 -THPT Larong Bing Dic ~ Thanh Hoa, nim hoc 2013-2014) Hiding ain gat thidt, ta.06 5 3,38 49,25 gam/ mol => X 1 CH,OH (M 0,08 * = 59,33 gam/ mol. Vi va Z.c6 ciing sé nguyén tir C, My> Mz va Mcy,z) =59,33 nén Y 1a [C,H,0H OM =60) Vida 8: Hin hap X gbm hai ancol don chit, ddng ding ke tip. Dun ndng 16,6 gam X véi HySO, dic & 140°C, thu duge 13,9 gam hon hgp ete (khéng cé sin phim hitu co nio khéc). Bi&t v6i phan img xay ra hodn todn, Céng thie eta hai ancol trong X la A. GH,OH vi CHOH, B.CH,OH va C3H,OH. C. C;H;OH va C3H;OH. D. C;HsOH va CH,OH. (4 th tuyén sinh Cao ding Khdi A vs Whdi B nm 2013) 39ong py oy sn mi os nots 89 sh Hci din git Ap dung bao toan kh6i lung vi bio toin nguyén t8 H trong nhém OH eda Ron = MOR +MH;0 2[me =2.7 gam ancol,ta¢6 ow = 21,0 [tgou = 28H,0 = 0.3 mol > Mg ROH = 55,33 gam / mol. Vay hai ancol trong X la [C,H,OH (M =46) va C,H,OH (M=60)| Vidy 9: Dun néog 30 gam mot hin hyp X gim 2 ancol noon hire, mach he v6i HySO, dac & 140°C, thu duge 25,5 gam hn hop ¥ gdm 3 ete. Biét cde ete ¢6 86 mol bing nhau va phan img xay ra hoan toan, Hai ancol trén 1 A. CH,OH va C.H,OH. B. GH. OH va GHOH. C. CH/OH va C3H,OH. D. CH;OH va C.HOH, (Thi thie dai hoe lén 2— THPT chupén Hing Visong — Phi Tho, nam hoe 2010~ 2011) Hing din gith ‘Trong phin ting ete héa, dp dyng blo toin nguyén 16 H trong nhém OH cia ancol va bao todn khdi lngng, ta ©: PRow, = PROR * H;0 [Pun 24,5 » Bs TS Die = 2,0 [on™ 21,0 30 = Magy = G5 700 eam mol. ‘Do cf ete thu duge c6 s6 mol bing nhaw nén hai ancol ban dau ciing c6 sé mol ‘bing nhau. Goi kh6i lung mol cia hai ancol wong img IM; va Mz. Suy ra: Mi#My _ og, [Mi =46(C,H,OH) M, =74 (CHB) X gbm [GH,0H wi C,H, 07 2 20 C0 24 C110 + HO+Co 67 nén trong hin hop andehit c6 HCHO, andehit edn Ia {2ngcuo + 4Mycuo =m, Taco : {nRcHO + 4Mictio = Mag LrcHo * acto => 32.0,05+-0,01(R +31) =2,29R =29 (C,Hy: Vay h&n hgp ancol ban du la [CH,OH va C,H,CH, OB] . Vidu 11: Cho m gam hén hgp hoi X gom hai ancol (an chite, bac I, 1a dng | ding ké tiép) phan img véi CuO du, thu duge hin hep hoi Y gdm nude va andehit. Ti khéi hoi olla Y so véi khi hidro, bing 14,5. Cho toin 66 Y phan | {ing hoin toin véi long du dung dich AgNO trong NHs, thu durge 97,2 gam tricia mia B. 14,7, 10,1 D. 18,9. (@é thi tayén sinh Cao dng nam 2012) Hicing din gia Dt cng thiée phan tir trung binh cia hai ancol la C-H,-, 0, phan img oxi héa ancol bing CuO : Phong ti ° GiHy,,0 + co 95 cHo1 + Hot +a Tr ee ‘Theo pi tht v1), 10.06 My 714 Q), Vi du 10: Oxi hod hét 2,2 gam hén hop hai ancol don chite thanh andehit cin vira di 4,8 gam CuO. Cho toan b} lugng andehit trén tée dung véi luong du dung dich AgNO, trong NH, thu due 23,76 gam Ag. Hai ancol la: A. GH,OH, CH,CHOH B. GH,OH, C\H,CH.OH. . CH,OH, C:H,CH.OH. D. CH,OH, CaH,OH. (Bé thi tuyén sinh Dai hoc kh ‘Hicéng din gi eo Goi céng thite phan tir trung binh cia hai ancol Ia C-H1,=_ 0. 40 Fay -U40#16)418 4 5 52 2 7 Suy ra hai ancol ding ding ké tiép la CHSOH va C}H.OH. DAE Myc =y mol, icon =* MOE: Neyscrio =MeyHsoHt ‘Theo (2) va bio todn electron trong phin img tring gong, ta c6 (—_x+2y_1 anti may F = gg = 4K +2y=0.9 Sms 0132 + 025.6 MEH OH MC,HsOH 4vguyén Minh Tudin Vi dw 12; Cho V4 gam hin hop X gbm 2 ancol don chive A va B (Ma < Ma) | "nena crt ace Sgotenae anh Osta bape ort duge hén hgp andehit Y. Cho toan bé Iugng Y phan ung hét véi luong du dung dich AgNO; trong NH tha duge 86,4 gam Ag. B cd s6 dng phin ancol la AB BAL cs D.2. (Thi thit dai hoc lan 4- THPT chuyén Nguyén Hug ~ Ha Noi, rnd hge 2011 ~ 2012) u ‘Hiedng dan Goi céng thite phan tit trung binh cia hai ancol trong X la RCH,OH. 22 phuong php & 3 thudt hign dg gi nhank BTTN His hoe Theo io toan nguyén 6 H wong ahém ~OH, 65 oy = 2p, ond a ARNON. So dé phan ting: RCH,OH —%™ 5 RCHO Ag omer ‘03 mck OF mo! 28 2.6672 nén trong hn hop cx. andchit c6 HCHO, andehit edn Iai fa RCHO. a fee *4M CHO Trong phan img trang guong : Prewo + MycHo = 332.0414 0,2R+31)= Vay hai ancol trong A, B trong X ln lugt 1a CHOH vit CH=CH-CH,OH. B chi e6 [I] adng phan ancol duy nhit, Vi du 13: Hon hop X gon hai andehit no, don chite, mach hé (ti 1g mol 3 : 1). Bét chay hod toan mot lung X cn vira di 1,75 mol khi On, thu duge 33,6 lit Kkhi CO; (dkte). Cong thie cia hai andehit trong X la ‘A. HCHO vit CHsCHO. B. HCHO va C,H,CHO. C. CH:CHO va C3H;CHO. D. CH:CHO va CHsCHO. (B4 thi tuyén sinh Cao ding Kidi A vis khdi B nam 2013) Huéng din gidi at cOng thie eiia hai andehit no, dom chite la C-H,-0, Khi dt chay andehit no, dom chit (k= 1) thi s6 mol CO thu duge bing s6 mol HO. Theo gia thiét va bao toan nguyén t8 O, ta cd 2 ng Vite Cong ¢y TNH MTV DYVH Ki 33.6 Dectyco =] =n, . gth30 Mezzo *2Mo, = 20, + igo ¥ Vs 5" Ts edu DOO 1g _hl+3a Teno 3 4 oe Néy S20 =1,5=>n=3 (théa min). Peny,o } Vay hai andehit la [HCHO va C,H,CHO] Vidi Ta: Hen hap X gbm hai axitcacboxylic don chic, ding ding k& tgp, Cho 5,4 gam X phan img hoan toan véi dung dich NaHCO; dur, thu duge 2,24 lit hi CO; (dkte). Cong thie cba hai axit trong X 1 | A. C3H;COOH va CyHyCOOH, B. C,H;COOH va CjH;COOH. C. CH,COOH va C.H.COOH D. HCOOH va CH,COOH. (Ba thi tuyén sinh Cao Ang kb vi kd B nim 2013) ‘Hwtng din giai Ban chat phan img cia axit cacboxylic voi NaHCO, la -COOH + NaHCO, > -COONa + CO, +H,0 mol: Ql < Ou Theo (I), 1a 662 2, ais 9 coon “Meo, = 041 mol => Mi ai Suy ra hai axit trong X la [HCOOH (M = 46) va CH,COOH (M = 60)) Vi du I5: Hon hoop M am 2 axitcacboxylic dBv no, mach ho X, Y CY hon X mt nhém chite). Héa hoi hoan toan m gam M, thu durge thé tich hoi bang thé tich ei 7 gam nita do cing digu kiénnhigtd6, 4p sudt, Nu cho m gam M tée dung voi Na du, thu drge 4,48 lit H, (dktc). Khi dét chay hodn toan m gam M,, thu duge 28,6 gam CO, Céng thite phan tir ci Ava B la: A. Cafl{O2 vi C1104. B.CHO, vi HO. C. CoH,O; va CyHpO5 D. CHO, va CsHOp. (Thi thie dai hoc lén 3 - THPT chuyén Nguyén Hug ~ Ha N6i, nm hoe 2010 ~ 2011) Hing dn gid 5 mol Theo gia thiét, suy ra: nox yy B££ phicomg pnap & ky thugt ign ‘86 nhém chite ~COOH trung binh cia X, ¥ 1a: 2ny COOH. ¥) 2 228 Rx, yy Suy ra X c6 m@t nhém ~COOH, Y e6 hai nhém ~COOH. Bit X la RCOOH hay C,Ha,Os, ¥ 1a R'(COOH): hay CalamO4 va 6 s6 mol in lugt lax, y. Bin chit phan img cia X, Y véi Na gas nant 1511 Hoa noe — Nguyen stinn Suan 0.25 Coot + Na -+ -CooN + Hi mol: x+2y > 0,5(x + 2y) = 0,2 A coon = +2¥ = i Tae6 :{ COOH (x,y) = +2 = 1,651 = 0.15 xty 0,1n+0,15m Reg, = X-+ my =0,65 Hai axit fa X, ¥ lan uot a [HO wa CHO, Vi de 16: Ancol X, andehit Y, axit cacboxylic Z 6 cing 56 nguyén ti H trong | pin tir huge cdc diy ddng Gig no, don chic, mach hd. Dét chay hodn to’n én hop 3 chat nay (e6 66 mol bing nhau), thu dugc CO, va H,O véi ti1é mot Wa 11: 12, Céng thite phan tir cha X, Y, Z la A. CiHO, C3H. B.CH.O, CoH.0, GHO2. C. Ci0O, CeH00, CaFcO2 D. C3H,O, CaH0, CiHO2 (Thi thie dai hoe lan 3— THPT chuyén Nguyén Hué — Ha N6i, ricim lige 2011 ~ 2012) ‘Hieéng dan git Viigo, iyo =11:12 nén ta chon neg, =11 mol; nyo =12 mol. chy andehit va axit cacboxylic no, don chife, mach hé, thu drge 10° DSt chy ancol no, don che, mgch Nd, hu GUE Myo > ig, VA Roo, ancol 91,0 ~Peo, Suy ta: ny =My,o ~Meo, =12-11=1 mol= ny =n, =ny =1 mol. Myo _ 2.12 6 nguyén tr H eb X, ¥,Z 18: Hog yy X.Y. 2) Suy ra X, Y, Z la [C,H,O, C/H,0, C,H, 44 Vi dy 17: Cho hin hop X g6m ancol metylic va hai axit cacboxyliec (no, don Vi dw 8: Xa phiong bod Kodn soap 199 gam hon bap hai este bing dung dich Cong y TNH MTV DYVH Khang Vige chic, ké tiép nhau trong day dng ding) téc dung hét v6i Na, gidi phong ra 6,72 lit khi Hz (4kte). Néu dun néng hén hop X (cé H;SO, de lam xite téc) thi cc chit trong hin hop phin img vita di v6i nhav tao thinh 25 gam hin hop este (gid thiét phin img este héa dat higu suét 10(9%). Hai axit trong han hop | Xia A. HCOOH vi. CHCOOH. €. CsH,COOH va C)HsCOOH, B. CH,COOH vi C3H,COOH D. GH,COOH vi C4HyCOOH. (Bé thi tuyén sin Dal ge kbs A ndm 2010) | a Hucing din gidi a Dit cOng thite phan tir trung binh cia hai axit cacboxylic la RCOOH. ‘Theo bao toan nguyén t6 H trong nhém OH va gié thiét, ta 06 25 Reoocnty 5 78333 gam / mol R= 24.33. Vay hai axit ddng ding ké tiép fa [CH,COOH va C,H,COOH] NaOH, thu duge 2,05 gam mudi cia mét axit cacboxylic va 0,94 gam hén hop hai ancol a ding ding ké tiép nhau. Céng thite cita hai este dé 1 'A.CH{COOCH, va CHCOOC:H;, _-B. C,H,COOCH; va C,H,COOC, C.CHsCOOC3H, va CH;COOCsH;.___D. HCOOCH, va HCOOCsH. (Bé thi tuyén si khdi A ndim 2009) ‘Hucéng din gidi at cOng thie cla hai este 1a RCOOR. Phuong trinh phan img: RCOOR + NaOH -+RCOONa + ROH) ‘Theo bio ton khéi lugng, ta ¢6 : m, ‘cook *™xvo1 = acoons + ™ Fon S>myoy = 20S +0.94- 199 =1 gam= nyo, =0,025 mol ™RCOON. "Ron "acooR [R=15(CH,>) 5 ng =0025 m= fase, COON = on = wort TR=206 Véi R=20,6 thi hai gée hidrocacbon ké tiép 1a CH; va CH— 4522 phucmg php & hj thudthlgn dg dt hank BTTN #60 npc Nguyén Mink Tad Hai este la [CH,COOCH, va CH,COOC,H, ee 19: Thuy phin hoin toan 0,2 mol mot este E can ding vira da 100 gam ddung dich NaOH 24%, thu duge mot ancol vi 43,6 gam hin hop mu6i eta hai axit cacboxylic don chite, Hai axit dé 1a ‘A. HCOOH va CHCOOH, “HCOOH va CsHsCOOH, B, CHsCOOH vi C2H,COOH. D. HCOOH va C:H;COOH. (Di thi tuyén sinh Dai hoc khdi A ndim 2010) ‘Hicing din gia ‘Theo gid thiét 10.24% ™xwon = Gg 0,6 mol = => E leste 3 chic. Toye O42 Mit khde, khi thiy phén E thu duge mét ancol va hén hop hai mudi cia hai axit cacboxylic dom chite, nén E Ia este 3 chite tgo bdi hai axit don chire vi ancol 3 chic. Dat cong thie phan ti trang binh cba Eta R(OOCR), ‘Theo bio ton nguyén t6 Na, ta c Say ra hn bop hai mudi gbm HCOONa va R'COONa ycoons = O:2 = [acon 4 13,6 => R'=8 (loai). NsOH {COONs © Néu 2 FR ‘COONS BR‘coons => 0,2.68 +0,4.(R'+67) yicOON ™R-COONs 4 fe Macoows oe © Néu Sucooxs 2 noone OE PRcOON DR 'COONs = 0,4.68 +0,2(R'+67)=43,6=>R'=15 (CH, R:COON Vay hai axit a [HCOOH va CH,COOH| - Cong ty TNH MTV DVVIE Khang Vite | Hung din giéi Theo gid thiét 6 song X <10% => 515 <0.7 = Mx >91,4=>X la R(COOH), (hCtongx 23). To, _ 0,35 ‘Theo gid thiét, suy ra: Cox, v.2 Nexy,2) 02 ‘Ap dung bio toan nguyén t6 O, ta 06 Bo (wong X.¥.2) + 2M, = 2Me05 + Biig0 = Bo itn x.¥.2) = 9:35 mol, os “Os “Hs Ang +1.my, 2) =0.35 ; ny = 0.05 uy ra: | wlowaa nguyen O a Ry, 2) = 0.15 Ax +Byy, 2) 702 , [. Gazing 9 +Cy Cox, ¥,2) = Mat Khe, ta 06 :4 0,2 l1<€y,2) <2 Cx =3:X B CH,(COOH), SiC <4 x 4 Cones [Roxon +Megngon = O15 Ney on = Ol Lncy on +2 Menon 4 oS 3 041.32 hosel 0,1.32-+0,05.46 + 0,05.104 C6 thé néi, dy Ua Bai tap hit cer khé nhdt trong dé thi khéi B ném 2013, pha +d thnh thao plueong phe trung bink thi hoe sinh méi co thé lam dere ay: Cov, 2) Beynon 9405 2 hMex,0% [Pi dy 20%; Axit cacboxylie X hai chute (e6 phan trim khdi Iwgng cia oxi nhd hom 70%), Y va Z li hai ancol ding ding ké tip (My < Mz). BSt chay hoan toin 0.2 mol hén hop gdm X, ¥, Z edn vira di 8,96 lit khi O> (Ato), thu duge 1.84 litkhi CO, (Ate) va 8.1 gam HO, Phin trim kh6i lugng eu trong hn hop trén bi AL 15,9%, (causes C.29,9%, D.29,6%. (Bé thi tuyén sinh Dai hoe khdi B ndim 2013) B. 12,6%, Vidy 21: tho 2,1 gam hén hop X gém 2 amin no, don chite, ké tiép nhau trong diy ddng ding phan tng hét v6i dung dich HCI (du), thu duge 3,925 gam hin hop mu6i, Cong thite eda 2 amin trong bBn hop X ld ‘A. CHsNH; va C3HNH: B. CHsNH2 vi CSH:NH, . CsHiNEL va CoHSNH D. CHsNEb va (CH)N. (84 thi tuyén sink Cao dting nam 2010)22 phucomg phdp & Ai hut hitm dl gidi hank BTTN H6a hoe — Nguyén Mink Tuln Vi X 1a hdn hop 2 amin no, don chitc nén ta 66 : 3925-21 36,5 a, =0,05 mol => Mam amin 42 gam/ mol. 0,05 Hai amin trong X la déng ding kétiép, do 46 cng thir eda ching la [CH,NH, va CANE, (= 43] | Vidy 22%; Hin hop M gdm mét anken va hai amin no, don ehiie, mach ha X va Y li dng ding ké tiép (Mx < My), B&t chdy hoan ton mt lugng M cén ding 4,536 lit Op (Bkte) thu duge H:O, Nz va 2,24 lit CO> (Ate). Chi Y li A.etylmetylamin, —B. butylami C.etylamin.D. propylamin, (BE thi tuyén sinh Bai hoc khéi A ndim 2012) ‘Hiedng dan gid ~ ‘Trong phan img dat chay M, dp dung bao toan nguyén t6 O, tac 29, #40 = My,0 = 0,205 mol. oains Khi dét chay anken thi ny, ~B¢9, |; khi dét chay amin no, don chite, mach a, ae. Suy ra: Khi d6t chay hén hop M ho thi a, 15 = Grat ain <2 = OL ae, Maianin 00 Vay Xa CH,NH,; [YI CH,CH,NH, (etylamin)| b. Sirdyng hai hay ohidu gid trj trung binh [Fi dw 23: BOt ehay Hoan todn 6,72 I (kee) ROH hyp gO hal hidrocacbon K va Y¥ (My > My). thu duge 11,2 lit COp (Akte) va 10,8 gam HO. Y Ha chdt mio sau diy? ACH. BCH, C.CHy D.GiEL. (B4 thi tuyén sinh Cao ding nim 2010) | Hucéng din git sé nguyén tr cacbon vi hidro tung inh cia X, ¥ Kan hagt I 2010 _2.0,6 y 1867-2 X 0 CH Fie 1 =a 2 Ay) X 6 4 nguyén tir H va Hox, y) . suy mY phi co 4 nguyén ti H trong phin ti. Vay ein ef vo dap an ta thy ¥ 18 [GHG [Vidy 24: Db chay hokn todn 2 Ti hn hep ki ghm enkin X va hidrocacbon V | edn ding 4,5 lit khi O; sinh ra 3 lit khi CO; (cée thé tich khi do & cing diéu | kign nhiét 46, 4p sudt), Céng thire phan tir ctia X va ¥ lin hot la | ALCHVACH., BCH vaGHy. CCH vACH. D.CHy va GH. | (Thi thie gi hoe Ién 4 ~ THPT Chnyén Dai ge Vinh, | néim hoc 2010 - 2011) Hiatng din gidt Theo bio toi nguyen t 0, t2e6 2, =2Vo0, *Viya > a ‘86 nguyén tir cacbon va hidro trung binh ciia X, Y la: Wyo 73 be i050 ix.) Tw(1), suy ra: ¥ la CHy, Tir (2), suy ra: X ¢6 s6 nguyén tir H nhé hon 3 nén Y Ma CHp, Vay X va ¥ ln lugt fa = 3 = Cox. = S=hS O: How Vex.y) Hy a cH] Vidu 25: Cho 4.48 lit hn hop X (6 dktc) gm 2 hidrocacbon mach hé 16i tir tis gua binh chia 1 it dung dich Bry 0,5M, Sau ki phin dng hod tin, 36 mol Bry elim di mot nia va Ki Igng bin tang thém 67 gam, Cg thie phn ti ciia 2 hidrocacbon la A. CoH; va CH. B.CiH vais, C. CsHy vCal. D. C3Ho va Cah (Bé thi tuyén sinh Dai hoe Kid! A nim 2007) Hucéng din git Theo gid thie, ta 6 14.0.5 5.7 gam. Muy phi ung => }5 MOI; Maserocachon pain tg ~ ‘Néu chi c6 mét hidrocacbon phan img (phuong én D) thi : Aes 0,258 mol > ny = 0,2 mol (loai). Vay ed hai hidrocacbon déu 26 tham gia phan img v6i dung dich brom. Kh6i lugng mol trung binh, sé lién két x trung binh sia hai hidrocacbon 1& 035 AS 1,75 a @. RO 61 5p 33,5 gam/mol (1); 4922 ph phip & A thu gn it whan BTN Hb hoc Nguyén Mink Tin Tir (1) suy ra X phai c6 CHy (M = 26, c6 2 lién két 1). Tir (2) suy ra chit odn lai trong X phi ed 1 ién kt x. Vay hai chit trong X la (C,H, va. C,H] Vi du 26: Cho bn higp X gbm hai axit eacboxylie no, mach khOng phan nh, ét chéy hodn ton 0,3 mol hn hgp X, thu duge 11,2 lit khi CO» (6 dtc). ‘Néu trung hoa 0,3 mol X thi cin $00 ml dung dich NaOH IM. Hai axit 46 1a: A, HCOOH, HOOC-CH,-COOH. B. HCOOH, CH:COOH. C. HCOOH, C;H,COOH. D. HCOOH, HCOOH-COOH. (Bé thi tuyén sinh Dai hoc khbi A nam 2009) ‘Hueéng din gi 'Sé nguyén tir eacbon va sé nhém chitc trang binh cia hai axit i: Reo, coon _ PNsoH ee tx 5 38 21,667 @2) me @. 1,667 (1); COOHx 03 Tir (1) va (2), ta thy : Cée axit trong X o6 6 nguyen ti C trong phan tir bing ny s6 nguyén tit C trong nhém chic. Vay X #8m [HCOOH va HOOC — COOH Vi dy 27: Hon hop X gdm hai axit cacboxylic don chic, mach hé, ke tiép nhau trong cing day ding ding, Bét chéy hodn toan 4,02 gam X, thu duge 2,34 gam H,0. Mat khéc 10,05 gam X phiin ting via di v6i dung dich NaOH, thu duge 12,8 gam muéi. Céng tte eia hai axit la A. GsHsCOOH va G\HsCOOH, CC. CoHsCOOH va HCOOH. B.C:H;COOH viCsHsCOOH, D.CHsCOOH va HCOOH, | (B8 thi tuyén sinh Dai hoc khéi B nim 2013) ‘Theo gid thiét, ta thay ‘Trong 4302 gam X c6 ny, ,26 mol. Tong 1005 gam Xb = gy 22S 20.125 ma Suy ra :Trong 4,02 gam X e6 : [C,H,COOH (= 72, 06 41) |CsH,COOH (M = 86, ¢6 6H)| 50 Céng ty TNHH MTV DVVHE Khang Vie (1 Fix =5,2 én log dupe ede pharong dn A va B. Vi Nix =80,4 nén phiaomg Jin cling bi Toa) x Vidu 28%: Khoi lugng riéng cia hon hgp X gdm axit cacboxylic no, don | mach hé Y va propilen la 2,2194 gamilit (& dkte). Phai ding 2,688 lit 2 (6 dktc) dé dét hét 1,74 gam hdn hop. Céng thite ctia Y 1a ‘A. CH;COOH. B. HCOOH. (C.C,H;COOH. —D. C;H;COOH. (Thi thie dai hoc ldn 3- THPT chuyén Hing Viwong — Pht Tho, nd hoe 201 2012) | Taig tin gi Axit cacboxylie no, don che, mach hi v8 propilen trong phin tir du ¢6 mot ign két (k= 1). Ki itchy hn hop Xtacd Lid 384 sx 44169, +185, 02 = eo, =Byi,0 = 0409 mol. Aco, = i,0 Khéi lugng mol va sé nguyén tir C trung binh eiia céc chat trong X 1b: Mx =2,2194.22,4=49,71 gam/ mol (1); Cx ‘Vi trong X c6 C3H, (M =.42, 86 C [a 3) nén tir (1) va (2), suy ra: >M My > Mix <1, 71 [CH,COOH|(M =60, s C18 2) cy 100x > Soy > S0z sl{toox+soy+s0z=550 Theo gi thidt va (1), ta 66 : {100% + 50; O (Ate). Hai kim loai dé la © Véi ¥=6, ta lai duge phutong dn A vA B (vi ele hidrocacbon vi amin du 06 sb nguyén tr H 16n hon hoge bing 6). © V6i 2<%<2,5, ta loi duge phuong dn C (i che hidrocasbon va amin du'cS Nek mee GUN. DALES, 6 nguyén tir C nhé hon hogec bing 2). (Bé thi thie Dai hoc lan 2 - THPT chwyén Himg Vuong ~ Phii Tho, Vay dap én diing la D, hai hidrocacbon la [C,H1, va GH] nim hoe 2010 2011) (Cau 8: Hoa tan hodn toin 12 gam hn hop Fe, Cu (ti @ mol 1:1) bing axit HINO, a . thu duge V lit (6 dkte) hin higp khi X (gbm NO va NOs) va dung dich ¥ (chi IL BALTAP VAN DUNG : hia ha mui vi ait Kai ea X 0% vi Hy lig 19. Gi tin Vt Bai tip dank cho hoc siah lop 10 A.2,24, B. 4.48. C. 5,60: D. 3,36. Cu 1: Trong ty nhién, déng (Cu) tén tai dudi hai dang déng vi $Cu va $Cu (@é thi tuyén sinh Dai hoe khdi A nim 2007) Khéi lugng nguyén te trung binh eda Cu la 63,54. Thanh phan phin trim vé sb ‘Bal tfp dah cho be dink lip 74 nguyen te (66 mol) eda mii fog dg vi: (Cau 9: Hoa tan hodn toin 4,431 gam hin hop Al, Mg bing dung dich HNO; loang, [568 lit (dkte) hn hop Y A Su 7a Gu 28 Te Seal Tale Cara thu duge dung dich X (khng chia mui amoni) vi ’ ©. “Cus FEES, SCui27 SHE a Se oe eas 3086 ‘ghm hai khi Khong mau trong 48 ¢6 mt khi fod néu trong khdng khi e6 Khoi Bate z ae : an | Tugng la 2,59 gam. Cé can ean thin dung dich thu duge khdi lugng mudi khan Chu 2: Trong ty nhin kali e6 hai ding vi 38K va {IK Thanh phin phn tram ve ‘khdi lugng cita 73K 06 trong KCIO, la (Cho O = 16; Cl = 35,5; K = 39,13) A. 19,621 gam. ‘B. 8,771 gam. C. 28,301 gam. D, 32,461 gam. 1: a zm Fe va mét kim loai M (e6 héa tri kho adiaone B.2630%. eats 20.40% Cau 10: Hoa tan m gam hén hop A it kim loai M (66 héa tri Khong : ee en ‘i trong dung dich HCI dit, thu duge 1,008 lit Khi (dite) va dung dich chita Ee pone he nhlén clo co, hal. dong vi 98.26: Koe 35 vi 47. hei Iuomesd Gy 's75, Tee i Gs hie CEE MME WEEHGPA'S ttn tong dung ‘nguyén th trung binh eta clo 18 35,5. Vay phan tram vé khdi Iugng ota "Cl gich hén hop HNOs dic va H,SO, & nhiét 46 thich hop thi thu dure 1,8816 lit trong exit pecloric 1a (Cho 'H, #0) ‘agn hp hai khi (Akt) c6 ti khdi so v6i Hy la 25,25. Kim logi Ma 49,204, B.9,25. 9.45. D. 9,404. Ane ee Eee Dee (Chu 4: Hn hop X gdm khi SO vi Os e6 ti kh8i so véi CHy bing 3.°Thé tich O; CA Hon hop X e6 ti Khdi so v6i He [21,2 g6m propan, propen vi propin. Khi clin thém vio 20 lit hdn hop X a8 duge hn hap Y c6 ti khdi so v6i CH, bing tehfy hod oan 0,1 mol X, tGng hh ng it COs v8 HO du dv 2,5 la (cée hin hop khi & cing diu kign nhigt d6 va p sudt) : alain eS Oe a bree ase minha Sacre A. 10 lit B. 20 lit. C. 30 lit D. 40 lit eee eer comet (Cu 5: Cho 1.67 gam hb hep hai Kim loi 62 chu én ip thug nh eee ee aan ee ee aay el Xing Eh heme TA (phan nhém chinh nlm I) tde dung hét vbi dung dich HCI (du), thodt ra CG. v8 0 thu duge Ik 0,672 lit hi He (6 dt). Hai kim log d li: 345 go 3.39.90 gem, .-637}02 pm. D.2666 pm. ‘A. Be vi Mg, BMgviCa — C.Srvi Ba. D. Ca va Sr. Cau 13: Hén hop X gbm C3Hy, CsHe, CsHs 06 ti khéi s0 voi Hy la 21. Dat chay (B8 thi tuyén sinh Bal hpe khdt B nim 2007) yodn tod 1,12 lit hn hop X (Akte), ri hp thy ton b9 sin phim chay vao binh dyng nude véi trong dis, loc bo két tia, khdi lugng dung dich thu durge so véi khdi rgng nude vot trong ban dau 52 322 phig php & 43 thude hig dg git hank BTTN Ha hpe— Neuyén Minh Tusin A.giim 5,7 gam, B.gidm 15 gam. C.ting9,3 gam. D. gidm 11,4 gam. (@é thi thie Dai hoe lin 2— THPT Chuyén ~ Bai hoe Vink nim hoe 2011 ~ 2012) Cu 14: Bét chéy hon toan hén hop X gém 0,07 mol mgt ancol da chifc va 0,03 mol mét ancol khéng no, 6 mot lién két 46i, mach hé, thu durge 0,23 mol Ki CO; va m gam H,0. Gia tri eta m la A540. B.234, c.840, D.2,70, (Dé thi tuyén sinh Dai hoc khdi A néim 2013) fu 15*: Biét X la axit cacboxylic dom chire, Y 1 ancol no, c& hai chit déu mac ha, 06 cing sé nguyén tir cacbon, Bét chy hodn ton 0,4:mol hn hop ebm % va Y (trong dé s6 mol cia X én hon sb mol cia Y) cin vita di 30,24 It khi O3 thu duge 26,88 lit khi CO. va 19,8 gam HO. Biét thé tich cde kh do & diéy ign tigu chudn, Khéi lvgng Y trong 0,4 mol hin hop trén Ja ‘A.17,7 gam, B. 9,0 gam. C.11,¢gam. D. 19,0 gam. (Bi thi tuyén sinh Dai hoc khéi A nim 2013) Céiu 16: Hon hop M gém hai axit eacboxylic X va Y (chi chia chiie axit, My < My). Bét chay hod toin 0,1 mol M thu duge 0,2 mol CO:, Dem 0,1 mol M tis dung véi NaHCO; du thu duge 4,032 lit COs (6 dktc). Biét M khéng tham gis phan ing trang bac. Phin trim kh tugng eda Y trong M li i A. 66,67%. B. 40%. C.20%. D.85,71%. (Bé thi thie Dai hige lin 3 = Trung THPT Chuyén — Dai hoc Vinh ~ Nghé An, dim 2013 Cw 17: Bét chéy hoan toan 3 tit hn hop X gbm 2 anken ké tiép nhau trong diy ding ding can vita dit 10,5 lit O, (cde thé tich khi do trong cing diéu kign nhig. 4, dp sudt), Hidrat héa hodn toan X trong diu kign thich hop thu duge hin hop ancol Y, trong dé khéi Iugng ancol bc hai bing 6/13 lan ting khdi long cf: ancol bje mét. Phin trim khdi long cia ancol bje mot (¢6 s6 nguyén te ceacbon 16m hon) trong Y A. 46,43%, B.31,58%. €.10,88%. _—D.7,89%. (Bi thi tuyén sinh Dai hoe kh6i A néim 2012) Cfu 18: Hén hop X gdm hai ancol no, don chitc, mach hd, ké tiép nhau trong diy Bng ding. Oxi hos hoan toan 0,2 mol hn hgp X e6 knét tugng m gam bing CuO 6 nhigt 46 thich hop, thu duge hén hop sin phim hiru eo Y. Cho ¥ te . Hai cht nitro li: A. C6HNO; vi CoH(NO2)s B. C4H(NOg); va CoHA(NO:)s. C. CoH(NO}); va CHANODs. D. CaHlgNO; va Catl(NO3). ‘Cu 27: Dun néng hén hgp g6m hai ragu (ancol) don ehite, mach hé, ké tip nis trong diy dng ding vi H:SO, dc 6 140°C. Sau khi cde phan img két thi, uge 6 gam hén hgp gém ba ete va 1,8 gam nue: Céng thite phan tir ie regu trén la A. CH,OH va C3H,OH. C. CSH,OH va CdH/OH B.C.H.OH va G)HOH. ‘D. C;H,OH va C\H,OH. (Dé thi tayén sinh Dai hoc Khdi B nim 204 Cu 28: Cho 27,4 gam hn hgp M gm axit axetic va hai ancol don chite de ding ké tgp tic dung hét véi 13,8 gam Na, tha duge 40,65 gam chit rin. N ccho ton 69 lung M trén phan tmg véi dung dich NaHCO (du), két thi ph {img sinh ra 6,72 lit CO; (Akte). Cong thite cia hai ancol trong M la A. GHi)OH va CsH30H. B. GH.OH va G:H,OH. C. CH;OH va CHsOH. D. GHsOH va CiH:OH. (4 thi thie Dai hoc lén 4 ~ THET Chuyén — Dai he Vinh, nm hige 2010 ~ 201. ‘Cu 29: Khir 1,6 gam hén hgp 2 andehit no bing Hz thu duwge hn hop 2 ans Dun,ndng hén hop 2 ancol voi H,SO, dae, thu drge hn hop 2 olefin la die dling lign tiép. Dét chay hét 2 olefin ndy duge 3,52 gam CO. Cée phan img rahoin tain. Céng thite cia 2 andehit I A, HCHO va CHsCHO. B. CH,CHO va CH{CHO)>. C. CHCHO va C3HCHO. D. CoH,CHO va CsH;CHO. (Bé thi thie Bai hoc lan 1 - THPT chuyén Nguyen Hué — Ha N rndm hoc 2010 ~ 201, (Cau 30: Oxi héa 3,16 gam hén hgp 2 ancol don chite thinh andehit bing CuO é rnéng, sau phan img thdy kh6i long chat rin giém 1,44 gam. Cho todn 6 lug andehit trén téc dung véi long dur dung dich AgNOy/NHs thu duge 36,72 ge ‘Ag. Hai ancol fa: : A. HOH va CsH,CH.OH C. CHSOH va CoHJOH, B.CH,OH va C;HsCH,OH. ; D. C3H,OH va C,HsCH,OH. 56 Cong ty TNHH MTV DYVH Khang Vier (Bé thi thie Dai hoc ln 1 - THPT chuyén Nguyén Hué — Ha Noi, rndim hoe 2010~ 2011) Cu 31: Hn hgp X gm CH,OH va 2 axit don chi: @dng ding lién tiép. Toan bp 1X phan img véi Na dur, thu duge 6,72 lit He 6 dkts. Bun nding X 06 xtie tae thich hhop thi cde chét trong X phan img vita hét véi nhau, thu duge 25 gam hin hop cée este, Axit 06 kh6i luong phan tir lon trong 2 axit trén la A.CHCOOH. B.CH,COOH. —C.G3H-COOH. _D. CH,COOH. (Bi thi thie Bai hoc ldn 1 THPT chuyén Hing Vieng — Phi Tho, nnd lige 2011 ~ 2012) (Chu 32: Cho 16,4 gam hin hop X gdm 2 axit cacboxylic la ddng ding ké tigp nhaw phan tng hoan toan véi 200 ml dung dich NaOH 1M va KOH 1M, thu duge dung dich Y. Cd can dung dich Y, thu duge 31,1 gam hn hop el ng thite cia 2 axit trong X la: A. CoH:O: Va CsH:O2. C. CHO: va CHOr rin khan. B. CHO) va C3Hs0>. D. CHO: va C3160, (Ba thi teen sinh Cao cing nm 2010) Céu 33: C6 100 gam dung dich X cia mét axit cacboxylic don chic 23%. Thém 30 gam mot axit déng ding lign tiép vao dung dich X, thu duge dung dich Y. “Trung ha 1/10 dung dich ¥ cén 500 ml dung dich NaOH 0,2M, Cong tite cia cdc axit 1a; A. HCOOH va CH;COOH. B.CH;COOH va C2H;COOH. (C.C,H;COOH va C;H;COOH. D.C;H,COOH va C\HysCOOH. (Cau 34: Bit chay hoan toan 1 It hon hop Ki gdm CAH: va hidrocacbon X sinh ra 2 lit khi CO, va? lit hoi HO (ede thé tich khi va hoi do & cing diéu kign nhigt 46, ap sudt), Céng thite phén tir cla X la: AL CoHs. ‘B. GH,. C.CH, D.CsHh (Bé thi tuyén sinh Dai hoc khdi B ndm 2008) ‘Cu 36: Dét chy hoan toan 0,05 mol hén hep X gdm hai andehit no, mach he sinh ra 1,792 lit CO; (dktc). Mat khac, todn b9 wong X trén phan ding via dit ‘i 0,08 mol Ha (nic te Ni, 1”). C6ng thir cia hai andehit trong X la ‘A. CHsCHO vi OHC-CHO. B. HCHO va OHC-CH;-CHO, C.HCHO va OHC-CHO. D. HCHO va CH,CHO. (D8 thi thir Dai hoc lin 4 - THPT Chuyén ~ Dai hoc Vinh, nim hoc 2010-2011) Cau 36: Hén hop X gém hai axit cacboxylic no, mach hé. Bét chy hodn toan a ‘mol hén hep X, thu duge a mol HO. Mat khéc, a mol hén hop X téc dung voi NaHCOs du, thu duge 1,4a mol CO. Phin trim khdi lugng cba axit ¢6 phan tir khdi nhd hon trong X la: AB.4%, B. 56.6%. C. 60,0%. D.25,41% (Bé thi thie Dai lige Ian 1 ~ THPT chuyén Hing Vuong - Phit Tho, niin hoe 2012 ~ 2013) 3722 phucrng php & K3 thug hin dql gil nhanh BTTN Hida hoe ~ Neuyén Mink Tudo Bai tp dinh cho hoc sink lop 12 Cu 37: Bét chy hodn toin 3,42 gam hin hop gém axit acrylic, vinyl axetat, ‘metyl acrylat va axit oleic, rbi hp thy to’n b6 sin phim chay vao dung dich Ca(OH), (dur). Sau phan img thu durge 18 gam Két tia va dung dich X. Khdi lugng X so véi khéi lugng dung dich Ca(OH); ban diu da thay 461 nhu thé nao? A. Tang 2,70 gam, B. Gi 7,74 gam, C. Tang 7,92 gam, D. Gidm 7,38 gam. (D8 thi tuyén sinh Dai hoc khdi A ndim 2011) Cfu 38: Hn hop X gm vinyl axetat, metyt axetat va ety! fomat. Dét chay hon ‘oan 3,08 gam X, thu duge 2,16 gam H;O. Phan trim s6 mol oda vinyl axetat ‘wong X la: 25% B.27,92% €.72,08%. DL 75%. (B48 thi tayén sink Bat hoe kh6i B nim 2011) Cw 39: Cho 0,76 gam hén hop X gém hai amin don chite, c6 56 mol bing nhau, phan ting hoan toan véi dung dich HCI du, thu duge 1,49 gam mudi. Khéi rong cia amin ¢6 phan tr kh6i nhé fiom trong 0,76 gam X 1a A.0,45 gam, B.038 gam. €.0,58 gam. D031 gam. {Bé thi tuyén sinh Dai hoc khdi B ncim 2013) Cau 40: Cho hn hop X gdm hai chat htru eo c6 ciing cOng thite phan tit C,H;NO; téc dung vita dit véi dung dich NaOH va dun néng, thu duge dung dich Y va 4,48 lithén hop Z (6 dtc) gdm hai khi (Au lam xanh gidy quy’ dm). Ti khdi hoi ca Z déi voi Hz bing 13,75. Cé can dung dich Y thu duge khéi luong mudi han la: A. 165 gam, B.143 gam. C.8,9 gam. D.15,7 gam. (Bé thi tuyén sinh Dai hoe khdi A ndim 2007) (Cu 41: Hén hgp X gm hai este no, don chite, mach hé, BSt chay hodn todn mét Iugng X edn ding vira di 3,976 lit khi Os (6 dktc), thu duge 6,38 gam CO>. Mit khde, X tée dung véi dung dich NaOH, thu duge mgt mudi va hai ancol la déng ding kétiép. Céng tite phan tir cia hai este trong X la A. CiHLO; via C3H,O2. B. CaHO: va CaHeOs C.C3H,O; va COs D. C2H,0; va CHO, (B8 tht eayén sinh Dat hc kh6i B nam 2009) (Ciu 42*: Dét chy hodn toin m6t este dom chite, mach hi X (phan tir 6 s6 Higa kt m nho hom 3), thu duge thé tich khi CO, bing 6/7 thé tich khi O; 48 phn ing (céie thé tich khi do 6 cing diéu kign). Cho m gam X téc dung hoan toan v6i 200 ml dung dich KOH 0,7M thu duge dung dich Y. C6 can Y thu durge 12,88 gam chat rin khan. Gia trj cla m la A720 B66 C888. D. 10,56. (Bé thi tuyén sinh Dai hoe khdi A ndim 2010) (Cong ty TNH MTV DVVH Khang Vig Cu 43: Ha hop X gm ha este dom ee i ng phan ca haw, Bun ning m ‘gam X v6i 300 ml dung dich NaOH 1M, két thie phan img thu duge dung dich Y va (m - 8,4) gam hén hgp hoi gdm hai andehit no, dom chite, dng ding ké 16 t Khdi hoi so véi Hs li 26.2. Cd can dung dich B thu duge (m - 1,1) gam chat rin, Cong thi ca ha este li ‘A. HCOOCH=CHCH va CH;COOCH=CHi B. HCOOC(CHs)=CH; vi HCOOCH=CHCHs. €. C,HsCOOCH=C#h va CH,COOCH=CHCH, D.CH;COOCHCHCH; va CHsCOOC(CH)=CH: (Bé thi thie Dai hoc lan 4 — THPT Chuyén — Dai hoc Vinh, ncim hoe 2010-2011) ‘Cau 44: Thuy phin hon toan 444 gam mét lipit thu duoe 46 gam glixerol (glixerin) va hai loai axit béo. Hai loai axit béo dé la ‘A, CisHs}COOH va Cy7H3sCOOH. B. CiHssCOOH va C;sHs;COOH. (C. C)7Hs}COOH va Cy7Hj3COOH. D. C);H3:COOH va C)7H;sCOOH. (B3 thi tuyén sinh Bai hoe Kh A nim 2007) Cau 45: Dun néng 32,1 gam hén hop X gdm hai chat hit co ¥ va Z img nim chiée véi dung dich NaOH du, thu duge hin hop mudi natri cia ha axi ankanoie ké tgp nhau trong diy dng dng va mot chit long T (ti khdi hoi eis ‘T so véi khi metan 1a 3,625). Chat T phan img v6i CuO dun néng cho sin pham 66 phan img tring euvong. Cho 1/10 lung chat T phin img voi Na drge 0,015 ‘mol H;. Nhan dinh nao sau day 1d sai? ‘A. Dat chiy 32,1 gam b&n hgp X 38 thu duge neo, ~My, 0,2 B. Tén goi cia T 1 ancol anlylic. €. Trong hn hgp X, hai chét ¥ va Z o6 s6 mol bing nhav. D. Nung mét trong hai mudi thu duge véi NaOH (c6 mat CaO) sé tg0 metan. (Bi thi thir Dai hoe ldn 1 ~ THPT chuyén Hing Veaong ~ Phi Tho, rim hoc 2012 ~ 2013) Cu 46: Hin hop 1,07 gam hai amin dom chite, béc mét ké tigp nhau trong day dong ding phin img via hét vOi axit nitro & nhigt 4 thuimg, thu duge dung dich X. Cho X phi (ing véi Na dur thu duge 0,03 mol Hs. Cong thite 2 amin 1a: A. CHINE: va CHSNH2. B. GgHsNH: vi. CsHsNF2. C. CHINE va G}H.NH, D. CHsNH> va CsH:NH. (B8 thi thie Dai hoe lin I ~ THPT chuyén Hig Visong ~ Phit Tho, rim hige 2011 ~ 2012) Cw 47; Cho 1,52 gam hn hgp hai amin no, dom chire X va Y (c6 s6 mol bing ‘nhau) tic dung vira di v6i 200 ml dung dich HCl, thu durge 2,98 gam mui. Két Tun nio sau day khing chinh xéc ? A. Tén goi 2 amin la dimetylamin va etylamin, B, Nang dé dung dich HCI bing 0,2M.22 phacong php & K3 thug hin dal gia nhanh BTTN Hida hoe ~ Neuyén Mink Tudn PHAN TICH VA HUONG DAN GIAL C.86 mol mai chit 180,02 mol. D. Cong thie cia amin lit CHsN val C3H5N (Bé thi thie Bai hoc ln 1 - THPT Qu)nh Luu I ~ Nghé An, ném hoc 2010 — 2011) (Ciu 48%: Hn hop M gém anken X vit hai amin no, dom chire, mach hé Y, Z (My < Mz). Dét chay hoan toain mét rong M cén ding 21 lit O, sinh ra 11,2 lit Ct (dc thé tich khi éu do 6 dkte). Cong tire eda ¥ la A. CH;NH), B. CH;CH,C! C. CoHsNHp. D. CHyCH;NHCH3. (Bi thi thie Dai hoe lan 4 THPT Chuyyén ~ Bai ge Vinh, nim fic 2010 ~2011) Ciu 49*: Bét chiy hodn toan $0 ml hén hgp khi X gm trimetylamin va 2 hidrocacbon déng ding ké tiép bing mt lugng oxi vita di, thu duge 375 mi hop Y gdm khi va hoi, Din toan b6 Y di qua dung dich H,SO. dic (du). ‘Thé tich khi cn Igilé 175 ml. Cée thé tich khi va hoi do cing digu kién, H hidrocacbon 46 la A.CHy va GH, CyHe vit CeHs, C. CoH VA G3Hs.. D. CoHs va CaF (B8 thi tuyén sinh Dai hoe khdi B ndim 2012) (Cu 50: Cho dung dich chira 8,04 gam hén hop gdm hai mudi NaX va NaY (X, Y Ta hai nguyén 16 c6 trong ty nhién, & hai chu ki lién tiép thuge nhém VIA, sé higu nguyén tir 2x < Zy) vio dung dich AgNOs (du), thu duge 11,48 gam két ta, Phin trim khoi luong eda NaX trong hn hop ban du la 47.2%, B 58.2%. C.41.8%, D. 52.8% (Dé thi thie Dai hoc ln 2~ THPT Chuyén — Dai hoc KHTN Ha Noi, rnd hige 2012 ~ 2013) Cu 51: Cho 8,3 gam hai kim log kiém ké tip nhau tée ding vai 100 gam dung dich HCI 3,65%, thu duoc dung dich X. Cho MgCh dur vio dung dich X thi thu durge 4,35 gam két tia. Hai kim loai 46 1a |ALNavaK. B.LivaNa. C.K vaRb. (Bé thi thie Dai hoc ldn 3 — THPT Quinh Liew 1 Nghé An, ndm hie 2010~ 2011) ‘Cau 52*: Cé mét céc dymg m gam dung dich HNO; va H;SO,. Hoa tan hét 3,64 gam kim loai M (¢6 hod tri khong d6i) vio dung dich trong eée thi thu duve 2,1504 lit (@kte) hén hep 2 khi NO2 va X. Sau phan ing, kh6i lugng cdc chit trong oc gidm 1,064 gam, Kim loai M li: A. Fe. B.Cu. CAL. D. (Bi thi thie Dai hoe ln 2 - THPT chuyén Hing Vuong ~ Phit Tho, nndim hoe 2012 ~ 2013) (Cf $3¢: Hoa tan hodn toan hén hop gm 0,1 mol Al va 0,15 mol Cu trong dung dich HNO, thi thu durge 0,07 mol hén hop X gm 2 khi khéng mau va dung dich Y. C6 can ¥ duuge 49,9 gam hin hop mudi. $6 mol FINO da phn img la 0,75, B.067, €.0,73. D.0,72. (@b thi thie Bai hoe lin. 1 THPT Quimh Lira 1 — Nghé An, ndm hoc 2012 ~ 2013) 60 D.RbvaCs. 4% [3D [6B [7c [ac 14A_|13C_| 16D_| 17D _| 18B 2a 27A | 28C [32B ]33A | 34A_| 37D_| 38A #20 [a3 [44D | 7A | 48C 32D [ 53C Goi x va (100 ~ x) la thanh phan phan trim vé sé nguyén tir cite va $Cu. 5: Mo, 838 +65000-) [[%Scu=73% 0.66: Moy = PX* SUNY -63,545x=735) Tacos Mes 100 lecu= 27% Chu 2: s a =I mol Gia si OKcx0, =! MOH A.396 Ig, ‘Ti pia hide, saya Nig =308+U00- x41 He 100 Vay thanh phan phan trim vé khdi long ota 32K trong KCIO, fa Gy = — 935839 0064 - [26,308 "391343554164 cau 3: Axit pecloric ¢6 céng thite li HCIO,, Gia st Mycio, =1 MOI. 336, sq, =! mol at yg, =X Mok; Nyy = (1x) mol Pa Masa, Hi ng = ‘Theo gid thi, ta 06 : Mci =35x + 37(1 x) =35,5 = x =0,75, Vy phan tram vé khéi lugng cia "Cl trong axit HCIO, | = [9.204%] hyp ban du, ta 66 : +321 =n) =16.9 = 48 = x =0,5=9 Wyo, = Vo, = 50: [Nhu vay trong 20 lit hén hop X, mi kh chigm 10 It Goi V la sé lit O2 can thém vio, ta ob 6122 pcong php & Aj tut hign dl git nhanh BTN Héa hoc Neuyén Mink Tain 5.16 = 40 = [V = 20 It <= _ 64.10+3200+V) My = 410+ 3200+ V) 20+V aus: Cac kim logi thuge nhém IIA goi Ia kim loai kiém thé va 06 héa tri 2. Goi eéng thie chung cia hai kim logikidm th ké tgp 1 R. Theo bio todn electron trong phan ing cia R véi HCI, ta c6 sy =p, = 2222 0,08 mol Ma = 297-5567 gam / mol 2a o.08 ‘Suy ra hai kim loai kiém thé la [Ca (M = 40) va Sr (M = 88)| cus ‘Cée kim Jogi thuge nhém IIA c6 héa tr} 2. D&t cdng thie chung eta hai mudi eacbonat la RCO, Qn ¥000.22,4 Theo bio toin nguyen 16 C, 12.68: Meo, = Reo, ,03 mol 96,67 gam / mol => My = 34,67. Vay hai kim logi la [Mg (M=24) va Ca (M=40)] Cau 7: Dt cong thite chung cia hai mudi cacbonat trung hda cia hai R,COs. ‘Theo bio toan nguyén t8 C, ta e6 Jogi kiém la 2 91 Ma =155 OL Suy ra hai kim logi kiém 6 hai chu ky ké tiép la [Li (M = 7) va Na (M=23)| Cu 8: go, = O4l mol => Mr,co, = gycoy ; 1w_voy . [CHNO,), _ [NO $0 48 phin img : {o% HO, {CPNOs)2 +H,0 Fe Feqno,), * |NO, 56g, + 64mg, =12 bit Tir gid thiét, ta cd = Np, = Ng, = . fe = Poy - ‘Thay hai c6ng thie NO vi NO» bing NO,, ta 6 : 14+16x =19.2=9x=15 Véi x = 1,5 thi s6 oxi héa cia N trong NO, la +3. Trong phan tng, s6 oxi héa cba N gidm tir +5 v8 +3, Ap dung bao todn electron, ta e6 5.6 it Bigg +2, =2Myo, = Mo, =0:25 MOl= Vuo, cay) =025.22, oF 62 Cong —y TNHH MTV DVVH Khang Vige Chu: ‘Theo gid thiét, ta thay : Hén hop Kl ‘on Iai la Ny hoe N;O. gdm NO (héa ndu trong khong khi) vi My >My =30 =™ 2597 gam /motol xo . = Y gém NO va N,0, ay 0,07 [My } n.tyy = 0.06 Pty +3Rp. =o, +2Mgo, [My *3Mpe = 0.105 = Moosn-3.M-27>MB Al cit: ‘Che chit propan, propen va propin c6 céng thire phan tir tyomg img la CsHs, GH va GH. Dat cOng thie phan tr trung binh eta cée chat trong X li CH 8AA pcg pag 6 gs mg pus nun 19 08 yg nguyen me ein Theo gi thiét: Meyy, =2122=4249123+5 =A 64 Theo bio toin nguyén tC va, ta66 __ [eos 7301203 2041-032 Ineo, =3m 120, = eis g Amy.0 OMe, |g C05, 1130) = 03-44 + 0.32.18 =[18,96 gam] "coy Cit Cée chat butan (CsH\o), metylxiclopropan (CsHs), but-2-en (C,Hg), divinyl (Catt) va etylanetiten (CH) du 6 4 nguyén tC, obi khéc nhau x6 nguyén H. Vay ding the phn tr rung binh ela ching a Cyl; “Theo git thiét | Mey. =27.82=586.2 124+} 55,62 #76 ey Theo bao toan nguyen t6 C va H, ta 66 : Reo, = Meyrin, {tee =4.0,15=0.6 240 = 16H, [Bago =3-8.015=0,57 = Mco,, 40) = 046-44 + 0.57.18 = 36,66 gam] "C0, m0 Cau 13: Cite chit trong X déu 6 3 nguyén tir chi khéc nhau 36 nguyen tr H, Vay dat cng thie phn tr trung binh cia ching li CyH- ‘Theo gid thiét: Mc. =212.2=42=912.3+y=42—>y=6. ty y ,0 = Noo, = 3Mcyy, = 3.0405 = 015 mol = mM¢o4, 10) = W1SA4 + OIS.18=9,3 gam, Theo bio todn nguyén t6 C, tao excoy = Meo, =Or15 mol= Moco, = 0:15.10 =15 gam. Vi m, 0p 30) gam| om O08 at chy ancol no va axit cacboxylic thu duge npg, > Myo -nén X la axit a oR khong no. 20, +Msz0 ~2Mog shin tne» 0. Do axit c6 2 nguyén tir oxi => Ancol ¥ c6 2 nguyén tir oxi (ancol 2 chit. 12, xy) Oy = Ancol no, 2 chite la CsH(OH):, axit khéng no, dan ehite la CH;-CHCOOH hoje CH= CCOOH. es 2n, Hox, vy = 122 25,5. Mat khdc, s6 mol cia X Ion hon cua ¥ nén axit phai I& Axy SS nguyén tr O trong hai chit Reo, Ta 6 + Choc, ancl) “5 (CH;}CHCOOH (néu ki CH= CCOOH thi sé H trung binh phai nhé hon 5). Beynon, “Mercrcoon =O af Suy ra: [8tejrgiomn, * 4Meup-ccoon =2? Mequon, ~ 015.76 Ney, ~cHCOOH Chu 16: 6 nguyén ti cacbon va sé nhém ~COOH trung binh cia X, ¥ lt a Neo, _ 0,2 Cox. y= 205 My OW BOOT, vy = Racoon. = NHateds _ Peo _ 181g By My yO ‘VIM khéng ¢6 phan Ging tring guong nén M kh6ng chia HCOOH. 65