THE FALLACY OF ELECTRICITY!

You flip the switch and the lamp glows in a split of a second. The rationale behind the above course is
“electricity”. It is generally acknowledged that electricity is the flow of charges; instead to be precise-the flow
of electrons since they lie amid the list of charge carriers.

What essentially transpires when we turn on a bulb? The “current starts flowing” through the wire, which in
turn heats up the filament in the bulb and thus the bulb glows. Mass reply to the question stated here in above
would be the answer following it. If this is genuinely the episode, then what is actually meant by “current starts
flowing”?

The swift answer would be that the electrons are moving. There are more number of free electrons at one end of
the conductor (say the one near the source) and due to the difference in potential, the free electrons rush to the
other end at a very high speed; at the rate of 6.25 * 10^18 electrons per second  (one ampere). In a closed
circuit, the free electrons start flowing from the negative terminal to the positive terminal due to the potential
difference.

A confounding answer would be that the conductor has electrons throughout and is jam-packed with electrons.
When the voltage pressurizes the electron line, an impulse is generated and is passed from electron to electron
through the wire. The electrons do not actually move but wiggle around unremittingly (i.e. they oscillate)
henceforth transferring the electrical impulse.

The glitch in the first explanation is that it says the electron which is at the end of the power supply travels all
the way through the wire and reaches the other end, say 1 m away, where there is a lower potential. If this has to
be true, what about the electrons present in the atoms of the conductor? There would be no effect on them? Will
they remain in their respective atoms and stay there? So, you keep on supplying voltage, electrons from one end
will just sprint to the other end i.e. the bulb and finally glows! This sounds absurd.

The second explanation is puzzling. Electrons wiggling actually mean it is vibrating. It is implicit that the
electron does not stand still at its position but rather vibrate (thermal vibration). The clarification states that an
electric impulse is transferred. How are these impulses transferred? What form?

Actually, it works in a petite another way.

A conductor consists of atoms which in turn has the electrons in it. From the generator, where electricity is
produced, basically what happens is that the mechanical energy rotates the magnet around the conductor
wrapped with the wire. When the magnet rotates, it induces current in the wire (i.e. accumulate charges). This
flows through the transmission lines and reaches the destination. When you supply voltage to an electrical
appliance, the new electrons entering at the socket junction goes into the atom present in the conducting wire
and the valence electron spew out of this atom to the adjacent one. This second atom further shoots out an
electron to its flanking atom while it intakes an electron. This keeps on occurring at a faster rate than we could
imagine. When this happens, the electric appliance reach a balance state and the electrons further supplied
comes back. This is the basis behind having two spikes (pins) on a wire plug or a socket.