Binomial Distribution (lecture)

A Binomial distribution is a discrete probability distribution.

⚫ Characteristics of a Binomial process:

○ Outcomes are perceived as either success or failure
○ Trials are independent
○ Probability of success is constant from trial to trial
○ Finite trials
⚫
Where,

⚫ Description:
Q1. A fair coin is tossed four times. Find the probability of obtaining 2 heads.

Q2. A bag contains 6 yellow and 14 red balls. Eight balls are drawn at random
from the bag with replacement. Find the probability of,
a. exactly two yellow balls being drawn,
b. less than three yellow balls being drawn,
c. at least one yellow ball being drawn.

Q3. In the manufacture of electronic components, 8% of the manufactured

components are found to be defective. Find the probability that out of 10
electronic components chosen at random,
a. not more than 2 are defective,
b. 2 or more are defective.

Q4. The probability of a type of seed germinating under optimum condition is .

Find the minimum number of seeds which must be used so that the probability of
at least one seed germinating is greater than 0.99 .

⚫ The probabilities of all the values of the random variable

can be computed using the binomial expansion of
, where are
respective terms of the expansion.

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Q5. In a certain game, the outcome is either a win or a loss. The probability of
winning a game is and the game is played four times. Construct a table which
shows the probabiity for winning 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 times.

⚫ Mean and variance of the Binomial random variable,

Q6. If of the total number of pens produced by a machine are found to be

defective, find the average number of defective pens produced and a measure of
variation in a sample of 20 pens.

Q7. The probability of getting a head for a biased coin in a single throw is less
than . An experiment consisting of 18 throws is carried out the number of
heads obtained is noted. The experiment is repeated a large number of times
and the standard deviation of the number of heads noted is 2.
a. Find the value of .
b. Calculate the expected number of heads.
c. Calculate the most likely number of heads.

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