Sometimes you believe the network is cabled in a certain way whereas in reality it's cabled

differently. So, you may think that 1 device is connected to another device but that’s not
actually how it's cabled.

CDP and LDP introduction:

Cisco discovery protocol or CDP and the industry standard version Link Layer Discovery
Protocol or LLDP are protocols that run at layer 2 in the OSI model and allow you to
discover how devices are connected to each other.
 this runs independently of protocol such as IPv4 and IPv6
 CDP and LLDP are a great way to discover how devices are connected and allow you
to verify documentation as well as great new documentation.
 CDP is Cisco propriety and well typical only discover other Cisco devices. please be
aware that some vendors such as HPE do not send CDP messages but will receive
CDP messages and hence they can see which Cisco devices are connected directly to
them but a Cisco devices will not be able to see the switches and routers from other
vendors such as HPE unless the Cisco devices are enabled for LLDP.
 CDP uses multicast frames which I'll demonstrate in a moment but once again
doesn’t rely on higher layer protocols.