QUALITY AND SAFETY MANAGEMENT

HAZARD & RISK MANAGEMENT

FUNCTIONAL SAFETY

FUNCTIONAL SAFETY.- Absence of unreasonable risk due to hazards caused by malfunctioning

(!) behaviour of E/E/PE systems.

ITEM DEFINITION

ITEM: System or array of systems to implement a function at the vehicle level, to which ISO
26262 is applied.

SYSTEM: Set of elements that relates at least a sensor, a controller and an actuator with one
another (an element of a system can also be another system).

ELEMENT: System or part of a system including components, hardware, software, hardware

parts and software units.

COMPONENT: Non-system level element that is logically and technically separable and is
comprised of more than one hardware part or of one or more software units.

A component is a part of a system.

HAZARD ANALYSIS & RISK ASSESSMENT

SEVERITY of potential harm to each person

S0.- No injuries

S1.- Light and moderate injuries

S2.- Severe and life-threatening injuries (survival probable)

S3.- Life-threatening injuries (survival uncertain fatal) injuries

PROBABILITY of exposure of each operational situation (period or frequency)

E0.- Incredible

E1.- Very low probability

E2.- Low probability

E3.- Medium probability

E4.- High probability

CONTROLLABILITY of each hazardous event to avoid the specific harm

C0.- Controllable in general

C1.- Simply controllable

C2.- Normally controllable

C3.- Difficult to control or uncontrollable

All hazardous events identified shall be classified, except those that are outside the scope of
ISO 26262, by estimating the parameters of severity, probability of exposure and
controllability.

The severity represents an estimate of the potential harm in a particular driving situation,
while the probability of exposure is determined by the corresponding operational situation.

The controllability rates how easy or difficult is for the driver or other persons involved to
avoid the considered accident in the considered operational situation. For each hazard,
depending on the number of related hazardous events, the classification will result in one or
more combinations of severity, probability of exposure, and controllability.