gyw³hy‡× gvBRfvÐvi

†h †Kvb M‡elYvag©x ¯’vbxq BwZnvm mvgwMÖKfv‡e †mB f~L‡Ði †`k I

RvwZi mvgvwRK BwZnvm iPbvi †ÿ‡Î GKwU weKínxb ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Abyl½,
hv P~ovšÍfv‡e e„nËi cwim‡i RvZxq BwZnvm‡KI mg„× K‡i ‡Zv‡j c‡j c‡j|
1971 G evsjv‡`‡ki gnvb gyw³hy‡×i RvZxq BwZnvm iPbvi †ÿ‡Î Kv‡ji wePv‡i
GB mZ¨wU dz‡U D‡V‡Q Mfxi Zvrch©c~Y© fv‡e| 11wU †m±‡i fvM n‡q
mviv evsjv‡`k †K Rv‡ji g‡Zv Rwo‡q a‡i cwiPvwjZ GB Rbhy× ZvB we‡k^i
gyw³hy‡×i BwZnv‡mI GK we¯§q| Gi g‡a¨ †fŠ‡MvwjK Ae¯’vb Ges
eY‡KŠk‡ji we‡ePbvq 1bs †m±i n‡q D‡V wQj eûgvwÎK we‡kl‡Z¡ ficyi|
†gRi iwdKzj Bmjvg (c‡i ex‡ivËg) (jÿ cÖv‡Yi wewbg‡q MÖ‡š’i †jLK) Gi
†bZ„Ë¡vaxb 1bs †m±‡ii AvIZvaxb PÆMÖvg †Rjv, cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg I
†bvqvLvjxi Ask we‡k‡li g‡a¨ †Mwijv hy‡× †bZ…Z¡ †`Iqvi Rb¨ PÆMÖv‡gi
`yRb msm` m`m¨‡K we‡klfv‡e wbev©wPZ K‡i hyMcr mvgwiK I ZvwË¡K
†Uªwbs †`Iqv nq| Zvuiv n‡jb gvBRfvÐv‡ii cvk^eZ©x GjvKvi mvsm`
BwÄwbqvi †gvkviid †nv‡mb Ges gvBRfvÐvi GjvKvi mvsm` Rbve wgR©v
gbmyi|
gyw³hy‡×i Z_v †Mwijv hy‡× eo myMfxi Zvrch©c~Y© cð¨rf~wg wn‡m‡e
me©vwaK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© n‡jv GjvKvi e„nËi Rb‡Mvôxi mg_©b I mn‡hvwMZv|
†mŠfvM¨µ‡g Kv‡ji cixÿvq DËxY© ag©, eY© †kÖYx †ckvi mw¤§wjZ
gvbeZvi Zx_©‡ÿÎ gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd †Kw›`ªK dwUKQwoi H cyiv GjvKv
n‡q D‡VwQj evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³‡hv×v‡`i †Mwijv Acv‡ik‡bi GK AvKl©Yxq
beZi g‡Wj| cvnvo mgZjf~wg, Ava¨vwZ¥KZvi cik wm³ e„nËi Rb‡Mvôxi
me©vZ¥K mn‡hvwMZv, fvi‡Zi mxgvšÍ, mxgvšÍ cvovcv‡oi †KŠkjMZ
myweav; me wKQzi GK Af~e©c~e© mw¤§j‡b G f~LÐ n‡q D‡VwQj 1bs
†m±‡ii iY‡KŠkj MZ Ae¯’v‡bB gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kix‡di Ae¯’vb| mgZj, cvnvox
Qov, Aby”P I `yM©g cvnv‡oi GK Awfbe mgš^‡q MwVZ G AÂj n‡q D‡VwQj
†Mwijv hy‡×iI GK AvKl©Yxq †ÿÎ f~wg|
GKw`‡K gyw³Kvgx jv‡Lv Av‡kK-f‡³i wgjb‡K›`ª gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd, hvi
wmsnfvMB cÖZ¨ÿ¨ ev c‡ivÿfv‡e gyw³hy‡×i g‡bvMZ mnvqK kw³ Aci w`‡K
cÖvq kZeQi a‡i 10 gv‡Ni jv‡Lv Av‡kK-f‡³i Lv`¨ mieiv‡ni g~j †K›`ªwe›`y
`yM©g cvnvo †ewóZ HwZnvwmK gqyiLxj Lvgvi n‡q D‡VwQj kibv_©xI
gyw³‡hv×v‡`i Lv`¨, AvkÖq †Uªwbs m‡ev©cwi wek^¯’Zg wbivc` UªvbwRU
K¨v¤ú|
e¨vcK Rbmg_©b Ges GKBmv‡_ `iev‡ii cÿ‡_‡K Afvebxq weivU Av‡qvR‡bi
mve©ÿwbK `vwqZ¡kxj Ae¯’vb BZ¨vw`i mgš^‡q gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd n‡q
D‡VwQj gyw³hy‡×i GK Awe¯§ibxq wbqvgK kw³|
Gi cvkvcvwk GB gvBRfvÐv‡ii Ava¨vwZ¥K d‡qR cÖvß wek^¯’Zg
Abymvix‡`i Øviv GB gvBRfvÐvi GjvKv‡ZB m„wó n‡qwQj mvgwMÖK
gyw³hy‡×i BwZevPK †K›`ªwe›`y e½eÜzi c‡ÿ gyw³hy‡×i †NvlYvq †eZvi

c„ôv : 1
fvl‡Yi ms‡kvwaZ ms¯‹iY| gvBRfvÐv‡ii cv‡k †`ŠjZcyi MÖv‡gi Chowdhury
Mahal n‡q D‡VwQj gyw³hy‡×v‡`i wek^e„¯’Zg wgjb ¯’j I UªvbwRU K¨v¤ú|
GB Chowdhury Mahal G 27 gvP© Mfxi iv‡Z wgR©v gbmyi I BwÄwbqvi
†gvkviid †nv‡m‡bi Aby‡iv‡a Rbve G.‡K. Lvb e½eÜzi c‡ÿ ¯^vaxbZvi
†NvlYvwU P~ovšÍ K‡i w`‡qwQ‡jb|
D‡jøL¨, cÖÁvevb ivRbxwZwe`, wkí cÖwZ I mv‡eK †Kw›`ªq gš¿x G‡K Lvb
wQ‡jb DwjøwLZ Chowdhury Mahal Gi Avãyjevix ‡PŠayixi RvgvZv Ges †Rjv
AvIqvgx jxM mfvcwZ Gg Avi wmwÏKxi k^ïi| ejvevûj¨, G HwZnvwmK NUbv-
mswkøó mK‡jB wQ‡jb MvDQzj AvRg gvBRfvÐvix I nhiZ evev fvÐvixi
†KivgZ ab¨|
gyw³hy‡×i H hyM mwÜÿY Kv‡j gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kix‡di M`x‡Z Avwmb
wQ‡jb Lv‡`gyj †dvK&iv L¨vZ ˆmq` †`jvIi †nvmvBb gvBRfvÐvix| GKw`‡K
MvDQzj AvRg gvBRfvÐvixi †cŠÎ I AwQ (Viegerent) Aci w`‡K BwZnvm I
ivR ‰bwZK m‡PZbvq 1947 G cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vjb, ev½vwj‡`i ¯^v‡_©i
cÖ‡kœ mkš¿ gyw³hy‡×i c~e©vfvl `v‡b e½eÜzi mv‡_ MfxiZg m¤úK©i
(e½eÜy Zuv‡K gvgv e‡jB mÜvb Rvbv‡Zb) wbiew”Qbœ avivevwnKZvq
wZwb n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb gyw³hy‡×i hyMcr Ava¨vwZ¥K I RvMwZK Ômvnmx
wVKvbvÕ-
Zvui AvkÖq, cÖkÖq I me©vZ¥K mn‡hvwMZvq gvBRfvÐvi n‡q D‡VwQj
cvwK¯Ívwb Rv‡jg‡`i weiæ‡× gRjyg Rb‡Mvôxi MY RvMi‡bi c~Y¨f~wg| Zvui
ÔgqyiLxj Lvgvi evoxÕ n‡q D‡VwQj gyw³‡hvׇ`i Lv`¨, AvkÖq I wbivc`
UªvbwRU K¨v¤ú| Gqvi fvBm gvk©vj myjZvb gvngy` mn A‡bK mvgwiK
†emvgwiK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© e¨w³‡`i Dcw¯’wZi †mB ¯§„wZ AvRI A¤§vb|
m‡ev©cwi MvDQzj AvRg gvBRfvÐvix `iev‡ii †K›`ªwe›`y wn‡m‡e
mv¾v`vbkxb Lv‡`gyj †dvK&iv wb‡Ri Ae¯’v‡b ‡_‡K n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb
Ava¨vwZ¥K RvMwZK Dfq avivi mvnmx wVKvbv| Zvui Ava¨vwZ¥K gwngvi
AfzZc~e© Awe¯§ibxq Kvwikgvi cÖfv‡e mgMÖ cvÄvex †mbvevwnbx
gvBRfvÐv‡ii cweÎ iIRv kixd GjvKv †Q‡o bxwZg‡Zv cvwj‡q †h‡Z eva¨
n‡qwQ‡j| Gi cvkvcvwk Zvui eo cyÎ ˆmq` wRqvDj nK gvBRfvÐvix, ˆmq`
gwbiæj nK gvBRfvÐvix, ˆmq` Gg`v`yj nK gvBRfvÐvix, Wvt w``viæj nK I
mwn`yj nK gvBRfvÐvixi wb‡e`b wQj evevi mvgwMÖK Av‡qvR‡bi
me©vZ¥K mnvqK kw³| hv Av‡iK beZi BwZnv‡mi Z‡_¨ ficyi| Avgv‡`i
gyw³hy‡×i hyMmwÜÿYKv‡j gvBRfvÐv‡ii GB mg¯Í A RvwbZ Z_¨ wP‡Îi
†iLvwPÎ GB MÖš’|
Ava¨vwZ¥KZv-RvMwZKZvi Avfi‡Y gvbeZv, Amv¤úª`vwqKZv, Rv‡j‡gi
weiæ‡× gRjy‡gi HK¨e× B¯úvZ KwVb cÖwZev` cÖwZ‡iv‡ai †K›`ª wn‡m‡e
GB mg¯Í we‡kl‡Z¡i Awe¯§iYxq Af~Zc~e© Avðh© †gje܇bi gvBRfvÐvi `ievi
kixd †Kw›`ªK GB mg¯Í BwZnvm Avgv‡`i mvgwMÖK gyw³hy‡×i RvZxq
BwZnv‡miB Awe‡”Q`¨ Ask| G w`M †_‡K gyw³hy‡×i c~Y©v½ BwZnvm

c„ôv : 2
cÖYq‡bi †gŠwjK mnvqK wn‡m‡e I G MÖ‡š’i Av‡e`b mZZ ¯^xKvh©|
ejvevûj¨, B‡Zvg‡a¨ cÖKvwkZ gyw³hy‡×i `wjjc‡ÎI G¸‡jvi wKQz Py¤^Kmvi
eY©bv dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zvrcwic~Y©fv‡e| GB `wj‡ji 15 bs L‡Ûi? c„ôvq ¯^vaxb
evsjvwecøex †eZvi †K›`ª †_‡K e½eÜzi †NvlYv P~ovšÍ Ki‡b gvBRfvÐv‡i e‡m
G‡K Lv‡bi Ae`v‡bi K_v dz‡U D‡V‡Q hv H mgqKv‡ji Pig hyMmwÜÿ‡bi
†cÖÿvcU I c~e©vci BwZnvm cÖYq‡bi wfwË wn‡m‡eI G MÖš’ n‡q DV‡e
wbevfiY HwZnvwmK `wjj|
gyw³hy‡×i PjvKvjxb 1bs †m±‡ii mve †m±i KgvÛvi, ZrKvjxb msm` m`m¨
gxh©v gbmy‡ii ¸iæZ¡c~Y© mvÿvrKvi mn mswkøó gyw³hy×v KgvÛvi I
mswkøó‡`i mvÿvrKvi Ges gxh©v gbmy‡ii g~j¨evb f~wgKv‡Z dz‡U D‡V‡Q H
AwMœMf© mgqKv‡ji Kw_Z Kw_Z A‡bK Z_¨-DcvË hv G MÖš’‡K K‡i
Zz‡j‡Q Av‡iv beZi eûgvwÎK we‡kl‡Z¡ ficyi|
cÖm½Z D‡jøL¨, 1971 Gi H mgqKv‡j gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kix‡d g~jZ `y‡Uv gwÄj
Gi Ae¯’vb we`¨gvb wQj| (1) MvDwQqv Avngw`qv gwÄj (2) MvDwQqv ingvb
gwÄj| cÖ_gwUi mv¾v`vbkxb wQ‡jb ˆmq` ‡`jvIi †nvmvBb gvBRfvÐvix,
wØZxqwUi mv¾v`vbkxb wQ‡jb nhiZ evev fvÐvixi Kwbô kvnRv`v gvIjvbv
kwdDj eki gvBRfvÐvix|
(cÖm½Z D‡jøL¨) ZL‡bv kvnvbkvn wRqvDj nK gvBRfvÐvixi ¯^Zš¿ gwÄj
ÔMvDwQqv nK gwćjÕi D™¢e N‡Uwb (GB gwÄj cÖwZwôZ nq 1974 G)
‰mq` kwdDj eki gvBRfvÐvixÕi Ae¯’vb : wZwb Zvui Ae¯’vb †_‡K
MvDwQqv ingvb gwćji jv‡Lv Av‡kK-f‡³i RvMwZK Ava¨vwZ¥K AvkÖq ¯’j
wn‡m‡e wb‡Ri Ae¯’v‡b wQ‡jb AwePj mvnmx f~wgKvq| Av‡kK f‡³i `j Zvui
`iev‡i G‡m AvkÖq †cZ, hvuiv gyw³hy‡× Ask MÖn‡Y AbygwZ PvB‡Zb Zv‡`i
†`vqv Ki‡Zb, Afq w`‡Zb|
GB `y&B gwćji HwZnvwmK †hvMm~wÎK BwZnvm : gvBRfvÐvi kix‡d
GB `yB gwćji ZrKvjxb mv¾v`vbkx‡bi ewjô Cgvbx `vwqZ¡, m‡ev©cwi `yB
w`Mcv‡ji AšÍwbwn©Z myMfxi m¤úK©, Ava¨vwZ¥K gwngvwš^Z †hvMm~Î I
wm×všÍ †bIqvi †ÿ‡Î wØavnxb wP‡Ë c~Y© GKgZ cÖKvk gyw³hy‡×i
BwZnv‡m GB `iev‡i Abb¨mvaviY BwZnvm-HwZ‡n¨i GK †MŠi‡ev¾¡j Aa¨vq|
†h BwZnvm mgKvj Ges AvMvgx cÖR‡b¥i Rb¨I GK †MŠie¾¡j Ômvnmx
wVKvbvÕ, Awe¯§iYxq ¯§„wZ RvMvwbqv gvBjdjK|

mgqKvj t gyw³hy× PjvKvjxb 9 gv‡mi NUbv| nvbv`i cvK evwnbxi ee©iZv I

exismvi Dj½ ewncÖKvk, cvMjv †gv‡li g‡Zv †ec‡ivqv; m‡e©vcwi evOvwj
RvwZ mËv‡K wPiZ‡i aŸsm K‡i †`Iqvi b„ksmZvi P~ovšÍ ch©v‡qi G GK Abb¨
`wjj|

c„ôv : 3
+ †`‡nvi eB‡qi eY©bv (ïiæ †_‡K) †QvU wgTvi (kwd evevi) mv‡_ K‡_vcKLb
I Ava¨vwZ¥K wm×všÍ MÖnY -+ reference c„.
+ H mgqKv‡j gvBRfvÐvi kix‡di ¯’vbxq BD wc †Pqvig¨vb wQ‡jb, nhiZ evev
fvÐvix †cŠÎ †Pqvig¨vb gyw³‡hv×viv Zv mnqZv †c‡q‡Qb wewfbœfv‡e +
(mvÿvrKvi eY©bv BLF cÖavb) + †Pqvig¨v‡bi mvÿvrKvi cyÎ
+ (¯’vbxq gyw³‡hv×v c~‡e© †hvMv‡hvM n‡q‡Q, ‡Kvb mg‡q n‡q‡Q,
`vwqZ¡ †`Iqv n‡q‡Q) Zvui mvÿvrKvi

c„ôv : 4
 evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv msMÖvg I gyw³hy‡× gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd
Avengvb evsjvi nvRvi eQ‡ii ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK mvs¯‹…
wZK Ø›Ø msNvZgq eûgvwÎK wewPÎ BwZnv‡mi Zz½xq ewntcÖKvk,
me©Kv‡ji †kÖôZg dmj 1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki gnvb gyw³hy×| kvmK I †kvlK
cvwK¯Ívbx P‡µi †Pv‡L Zxeªfv‡e wbw›`Z, wbi¯¿ evOvwji AKíbxq I
Awe¯^vm¨ GB wek^ bw›`Z mk¯¿ gyw³hy×, mviv wek^‡K nZevK K‡i w`‡q
gvÎ 9 gv‡mi giYcÖY i³¯œvZ hy‡×i gva¨‡g ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`‡ki
Afz¨`q evOvwj RvwZi BwZnv‡mi me©Kv‡ji †kÖôZg AR©b| ejvevûj¨, GB
gnvb gyw³hy× Avgv‡`i hyMcr RvZxq I AvZ¥ RvMi‡Yi m~PK wn‡m‡e n‡q
D‡V‡Q cÖvYgq MwZgq cÖZ¨q`xß AvZ¥wek^v‡mi wPivqZ kvk^Z mvnmx
wVKvbv w`M`k©b iƒc ÔevwZNiÕ|
evOvwj RvwZi nvRvi eQ‡ii †kÖôZg AR©b GB gyw³hy‡×i †cÖÿvc‡U wKš‘
GKw`‡b ˆZwi nqwb| Gi †cQ‡b wµqvkxj my`xN© BwZnv‡mi `„k¨gvb A`„k¨
wbiew”Qbœ Pjgvb cÖwµqv| Z‡e wesk kZvãxi gvSvgvwS mg‡q G‡m G‡Z
Afvebxq bZzb gvÎv hy³ nq|
2q wek^hy×, Rvcvb KZ…©K Av‡gwiKvi cvj© nvievi Avµgb, Zxeª
cÖwZwµqvq Rvcv‡bi Dci Av‡gwiKvi AgvbweK AvbweK †evgv el©Y nVvr
K‡i cyiv wek^ †cÖÿvc‡U mvgwMÖK cwiw¯’wZi AKíbxq Avg~j cwieZ©b
N‡U hvi ivZvivwZ| Bs‡iR-kvwmZ †kvwlZ civaxb fviZ e‡l©i gyw³Kvgx
gvby‡li †R‡M DVvi Av‡›`vjb I ZxeªZi n‡q DV‡Z _v‡K| GgZve¯’vq 1947 G
fviZ‡K wef³ K‡i Bs‡iR‡`i we`vq c‡iI fviZe‡l©i BwZnv‡m KzUbxwZi bZzb
RwUj mgxKi‡Yi m~ÎcvZ NUvq|
gymwjg jx‡Mi †bZ…‡Z¡ G f~L‡Û cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vjb, eûj AvKvw¼Z,
HKvwšÍK cÖZ¨vwkZ cvwK¯Ívb ivóª MwVZ nIqvi ci ivóª ÿgZvi AcÖwZ‡iva¨
gv`KZvq ivZvivwZ mvgwiK evwnbx I gymwjg jxM †bZ…‡Z¡i ivR‰bwZK
PwiÎ cwieZ©b, AcÖZ¨vwkZ I AKíbxqfv‡e cvwK¯Ívb Av‡›`vj‡bi Acwinvh©
PvwjKv kw³ c~e© cvwK¯Ív‡bi Dci cwðg cvwK¯Ívbx‡`i mycvwiKwíZ Ae¨vnZ
kvmb-‡kvlb eÂbv evOvwj‡`i Rb¨ ¯^Zš¿ Avevmf~wgi welqwU HwZnvwmK
†cÖÿvc‡U ixwZg‡Zv Acwinvh© n‡q D‡V| hvi cÖZ¨ÿ dmj 71 Gi
mkš¿ gyw³hy‡×i gva¨‡g ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`k| 1947 ‡_‡K 1971 GB hyM
mwÜÿY Kv‡ji g‡a¨B Avgiv Avgv‡`i Av‡jvPbv mxgve× ivL‡Z PvB| Ges G
mgqKv‡j Ava¨vwZ¥K cøvUdig gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd wKfv‡e cvwK¯Ívb
cÖ¯Ív‡ei KzU Pvj (1) mn ivR‰bwZK MwZ cÖK…wZ ch©‡eÿb Ki‡jv,
evOvwj RvZxqev`x Av‡›`vj‡bi Awe¯§iYxq cÖZxK e½eÜzi mv‡_ Awek^vm¨
cÖwµqvq Mfxifv‡e m¤úwK©Z n‡q DV‡jv; gyw³hy‡× wKfv‡e hyMcr
Ava¨vwZ¥K I RvMwZK `ytmvnwmK f~wgKv cvj‡b mÿg n‡jv Zv GK PvÂj¨Ki
BwZnvm|
gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd g~jZ Ava¨vwZ¥K †K›`ª| mvaviYZ cÖPwjZ avibvq
ag©xq-Ava¨vwZ¥K †K›`ª¸‡jv ivR‰bwZK welqvw` †_‡K wbivc`

c„ôv : 5
`~i‡Z¡ Ae¯’vb K‡i| wKš‘ †Kvb we‡klZ¡, wKfv‡e GB gvBRfvÐvi `ievi‡K
cvwK¯Ívb cÖ¯Ív‡ei KzUPvj Abyave‡b, evsjv‡`‡ki mk¯¿ gyw³hy‡×i
mvgwMÖK cÖwµqvi mv‡_ GKvZ¥ n‡Z mnvqZv K‡i‡Q, evsjv‡`‡ki Afz¨`‡q
mywdev` cÖfvweZ GB ag©xq cøvUdig wK †KŠk‡j wK mvnwmKZvq AKíbxq
Abb¨ f~wgKv cvjb K‡i| iv‡óªi bxwZwba©viK gnj I M‡elK‡`i bxwZg‡Zv
wew¯§Z K‡i gRjy‡gi c‡ÿ mywd mvaK‡`i RxebNwbô `ytmvnwmK f~wgKvi
K_v Z‡_vwaK Rxeb NwbôZvq bZzbK‡i bZzb gvwÎKZvq †`wL‡q w`‡q‡Q Zvi
Z_¨ DcvË ¸‡jv Dc¯’vc‡bi Rb¨B Avgv‡`i GB cÖ¯Ívebv|
G cÖm‡½ ïiæ‡ZB cÖ‡ekK wn‡m‡e gvBRfvÐvi `ievi m¤ú‡K© †gŠwjK wKQz
aviYv ‡bIqvi cÖ‡qvRb| PÆMÖvg †Rjvi dwUKQwo _vbvi gvBRfvÐvi MÖvg|
Ebwesk kZvãxi m~Pbvj‡Mœ 1826 wLªóv‡ã GB MÖv‡g Rb¥MÖnY K‡ib
kvn& Avng` Djøvn| Amvgvb¨ †gavi AwaKvix kvn& Avng` Djøvn& KwjKvZv
Avwjqv gv`ªvmv †_‡K ¯^Y©c`‡K f~wlZ n‡q wKQz w`b ¯^vaxb †ckv wn‡m‡e
h‡kvn‡ii KvRxi `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi ci ‡KvjKvZvq gywÝ
ey Avjx gv`ªvmv I Avjxqv gv`ªvmvq wkÿKZvi †ckvq AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib|
Avwjqv gv`ªvmvi kZ eQ‡ii BwZnv‡m †kÖôZg †gavex Qv·`i g‡a¨ e¨vcK `„wó
AvKl©Yxq fv‡e AvZ¥cÖKvkKvix kvn Avng` Djøvn GK ch©v‡q Avjøvni
ûKz‡g Kv‡`wiqv ZwiKvi avivevwnKZvq Ava¨vwZ¥K RM‡Z cÖ‡ek K‡i
gvbeZvi †mevq wb‡R‡K DrmM© K‡i ‡`b|
Ebwesk kZvãxi gvSvgvwS mg‡q wZwb ¯^ MÖvg gvBRfvÐvi MÖv‡g wd‡i
G‡m ¯^xq cÖewZ©Z ZwiKvi cÖKvk weKv‡k AvZ¥wb‡qvM K‡ib|
gvBRfvÐvi MÖv‡g Rb¥ e‡j Zvui bv‡gi mv‡_ mshy³ nq ÒgvBRfvÐvixÓ Ges
Zvui be cÖewZ©Z ZwiKvi bvgKiY nq I ÒgvBRfvÐvixqv ZwiKvÓ|
Avð‡h©i welq n‡jv, cÖPv‡ii mv‡_ mv‡_ be cÖewZ©Z GB ZwiKv AKíbxq
`ªæZZvq RbwcÖq n‡q D‡V, ag©, eY© wbwe©‡k‡l mK‡ji gb‡bi Mfx‡i Avmb
†c‡Z RbwPË Rq K‡i †bq ivZvivwZ|
g~jZ Bbmb‡K ÔBbmv‡b Kv‡g‡jÕ, A_©vr mvaviY gvbyl‡K gvbweK
g~j¨‡ev‡ai cwiPhv©q cwic~Y© gvbyl wn‡m‡e cwiMwYZ Kivi wkÿv-`xÿv
†`Iqvq mywd mvaK‡`i Ab¨Zg †gŠwjK `vwqZ¡ I KZ©e¨|
G‡ÿ‡Î ïiæ †_‡KB gvBRfvÐvix ZwiKv e¨vcK `„wó AvKl©Yxq Ae`vb †i‡L G
f~L‡Û ZwiKvi RM‡Z GK be RvMi‡bi m„wó Ki‡Z mÿg nq| †h aviv ¯’vb-Kvj-
cv‡Îi †cÖwÿ‡Z AvRI mZZ cÖengvb-µgm¤úªmvigvb avivq|
The Sufism in Bengal- W. gynv¤§` Gbvgyj n‡Ki Ph-d w_wmm| KwjKvZv
wek^we`¨v¨j‡qi Aax‡b Ebwesk kZvãxi Pwjø‡ki `k‡K cÖYxZ GB M‡elYv
Awfm›`‡f© wZwb Awef³ evsjvi mywdev‡`i Dci M‡elYv K‡i cÖvq cÖwZwU
mywd‡K‡›`ªi PvwiwÎK we‡klZ¡ ch©‡eÿb K‡i‡Qb Mfxi †_‡K MfxiZi ch©v‡q|
‡h Kvi‡Y Zvui M‡elYv Kwg©wU AvR Aewa mywdZ‡Ë¡i M‡elK‡`i Kv‡Q
Awemsevw`Z g~j¨evb Reference wn‡m‡e e¨eüZ n‡q Avm‡Q wbtmwÜ»wP‡Ë|

c„ôv : 6
GB w_wm‡Z gvBRfvÐvix mywd‡K‡›`ªi we‡kl‡Z¡ wZwb †h gšÍe¨ K‡i‡Qb Zv
mwZ¨B cÖwYavb‡hvM¨| Zvui eY©bvq Ôevsjvi mywd‡K›`ª ¸‡jvi g‡a¨
gvBRfvÐvi †K›`ª mywdev‡`i dwKi‡`i RvMÖZ AvÇv‡K›`ªÕ|
mywdev‡`i RvMÖZ AvÇv‡K›`ª wn‡m‡e †gŠwjKfv‡e Bbmvwbqv‡Zi Av`‡k©
gvbweK g~j¨‡ev‡ai ag©xq Abykxj‡bi gva¨‡g mgvR ev¯ÍeZvq Gi DbœZZi
cwiPh©vi Kvi‡bB gvBRfvÐvi kixd ¸YMZ I gvÎvMZ we‡kl‡Z¡ ¯^Zš¿ mËvq
D™¢vwmZ n‡q D‡V gbbkxj Rb‡`i mcÖksm `„wó AvKl©‡Y mg_© nq|
ejvevûj¨, ¯’vb Kvj cv‡Îi Av‡jv‡K gvbeZvi RqMv‡b gyLwiZ n‡q ag© eY©
wbwe©‡k‡l BbmvwbqvZi cwiPh©vi, c„ô‡cvlKZvi Abb¨ Abykxjb ‡K›`ª
wn‡m‡eB gvBRfvÐvi ivR‰bwZK we‡ePbvi D‡a© D‡V †gŠwjKfv‡e GB
Bbmvwbqv‡Zi cÖ‡kœB cvwK¯Ívbx Rv‡jg mvgwiK RvšÍvi AwMœmms‡hvM,
bvix al©Y m‡ev©cwi MYnZ¨vi weiæ‡× `„p mvnmx Ae¯’vb wb‡qwQj Zvu‡`i
ag©xq Cgvbx `vwq‡Z¡iB Ask wn‡m‡e|
cÖm½Z D‡jøL¨, ¯ªóv †hgb wPivqZ- kvk^Z Ges mZ¨-my›`‡ii cÖZxK; †Zgwb
¯ªóvi mywbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwa wn‡m‡e mywd mvaKivI mZZ G ¸‡b
¸bv©wš^Z| †h Kvi‡Y Zvuiv RvMwZK PvIqv-cvIqvi D‡a© mZ¨-my›`‡ii Rb¨B
GB RM‡Z Zvu‡`i wb‡e`b K‡i iv‡Lb GK gvÎ ¯ªóvi mš‘wói cÖ‡qvR‡bB|
cÖkœ DV‡Z cv‡i cweÎ ag©‡K ivRbxwZi ÔXvjÕ wn‡m‡e wbZ¨ e¨env‡i
cvi`k©x cvwK¯Ívb iv‡óªi mKj MYgva¨g mn ivóªh‡š¿i mKj kw³i mw¤§wjZ
ms‡hv‡M eûgvwÎK Qjbv I KzU †KŠkj; ag©xq msMVb ¸‡jvi AÁZv I
¯^v_©mswkøó weåvwšÍ I wØPvwiZv m‡ev©cwi A‡nvivwÎK wn›`y I fviZ
we‡ivaxZv Ges gymjgvb‡`i ag©xq Abyf~wZ‡Z myomywo w`‡q ag©xq
D¤§v`bv m„wó Kivi, AwMœ‡Z N„ZvûwZ †`Iqvi †mB fqven `ywlZ cwi‡e‡k
wKfv‡e †Kvb cÖwµqvq gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd Zvi gvbwmK myôzZv I
`„wóf½xi myôzZv Aÿzbœ †i‡L gyw³hy‡×i c‡ÿ Ae¯’vb wb‡Z mÿg n‡jv Zv
ixwZg‡Zv AvKl©Yxq g~j¨evb M‡elbvi wel‡qI cwiMwYZ|
HwZnvwmK †cÖÿvc‡U gvBRfvÐvixqv ZwiKvi D™¢e¯’j, weKvk ¯’‡ji mv‡_
Avengvb evsjvi mgvR ms¯‹…wZi my`xN© †hvMm~Î Ges GKBmv‡_ ZwiKvi
cxi I bxwZwba©viK‡`i ag©xq ï×Zv I Cgvbx `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi cÖkœvZxZ mZZv
I HKvwšÍK `vqe×ZvB Gi †cQ‡b wµqvkxj wQj †gŠwjKfv‡e|
Rb¥m~‡Î GKRb evOvwj mywdmvaK KZ…©K evsjvi Rwg‡b cÖewZ©Z
GKgvÎ ZwiKv wn‡m‡e gvBRfvÐvixqv ZwiKvi cwi‡ek cvwicvwk^K
¯^KxqZvRvZ ¯^Zš¿ we‡klZ¡ mg~n mwZ¨B cÖwYavb‡hvM¨| ¯’vb Kvj cv‡Îi
Av‡jv‡K Avengvb evsjvi wPivqZ kvk^Z mgvR ms¯‹…wZi mv‡_ G ZwiKvi
Kvh©µg aviv wg‡j wg‡k GKvKvi n‡q Av‡Q ¯^vfvweK mv MwZavivq| wesk
kZvãxi cÖ_g `k‡K ZwiKvi cÖeZ©‡Ki me©cÖ_g Ii‡ki mb Zvwi‡Li wn‡m‡e
evOvwji evsjv fvlvq AbymiY-10 gv‡Ni Iik (1907 mvj †_‡K) kZvwaK eQi a‡i
wbiew”Qbœ avivq Zv Ae¨vnZ Avengvb evOvwji gY‡bi RM‡Zi mv‡_
gvBRfvÐvix ms¯‹…wZi Ac~e© †gje܇bi B kvk^Z cÖwZdjb| GKBmv‡_ GK

c„ôv : 7
wesk kZvãx‡Z ZwiKvi cÖeZ©‡Ki cÖ‡cŠÎ kvnvbkvn ˆmq` wRqvDj nK
gvBRfvÐvixi (1928-1988) iIRv kix‡di ¯’vcZ¨ wk‡í gyw³hy‡×i evsjv‡`‡ki
RvZxq cÖZxK †k¦Z kvcjvi mv_©K `„wób›`b Dc¯’vcbv G‡K HwZnvwmK
†hvMm~‡Î Zvrch©c~Y© bZzb gvwÎKZv `vb K‡i‡Q|

c„ôv : 8
 gyw³hy‡× gvBRfvÐvi
evsjv‡`‡ki †Rjv ¸‡jvi g‡a¨ wewfbœ gvwÎK we‡kl‡Z¡ ¯^Zš¿ mËvq D™¢vwmZ
GK `„wó AvKl©Yxq †Rjvi cÖwZK…wZ-PÆMÖvg|
71 Gi gnvb gyw³hy‡×i †cÖwÿ‡Z GB Zvrch©c~Y© f~L‡Ði †fŠ‡MvwjK
Ae¯’vb,1 Rb‡hvôxi b„ZvwË¡K we‡klZ¡,2 I mywdmvaK‡`i Ava¨vwZ¥K I
RvMwZK Ae`vb3 GB †ÿ‡Î cÖwYavb‡hvM¨| GB †cÖwÿ‡Z Ôe‡½ mywdev‡`i
RvMÖZ AvÇv †K›`ªÕ4 MvDQzj AvRg gvBRfvÐvixi5 gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kix‡di
Ae¯’vb wQj wKse`wšÍZzj¨| evsjv‡`‡ki gnvb gyw³hy‡×i cÖ¯‘wZ ce© †_‡K Gi
g~j AbyNUK e½eÜzi mv‡_ GB `iev‡i MfxiZi m¤úK©, 6 gyw³hy×Kv‡j ¯^vaxb
evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv Dwo‡q 5 GwcÖj nhiZ evev fvÐvixi Ii‡ki Av‡qvRb, 7
ZrKvjxb mv¾v`vbkxb cx‡ii `ytmvnwmK Ava¨vwZ¥K Ae¯’vb,8 gvBRfvÐvi‡K
gyw³h‡×i c‡ÿi kw³i Afqvib¨9 Ges gqyiLxj Lvgvi evox‡K gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
AvkÖq¯’j I UªvbwRU K¨v¤ú wn‡m‡e DrmM©10 BZ¨vw` A‡bK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
wbevfeY Z_¨, gyw³hy‡×i cÖvgvb¨ `wjj AvvRI Aby`NvwUZ|
Gi cvkvcvwk GB `iev‡ii mygnvb Ava¨vwZ¥K cÖfv‡e †h mg¯Í AKíbxq NUbv
Avgv‡`i gnvb gyw³hy‡×i NUbv cÖevn‡K wec`RbK weK…wZi nvZ †_‡K iÿv
K‡i gyw³hyׇK Zvi †hŠw³K cwibwZ‡Z DcbxZ n‡Z mnvqZv K‡i‡Q, ‡ÿÎ
we‡k‡l ixwZg‡Zv UTURN K‡i w`‡q‡Q †m mg¯Í RvZxq HwZ‡n¨i bxwZ
wba©viYx NUbvejxi †K›`ª¯’j wQj gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd Avi GKBmv‡_
BwZnvm m„wóKvix e¨w³Z¡‡`i mK‡jB wQ‡jb GB `iev‡ii mygnvb †KivgZ ab¨-
Ava¨vwZ¥K in‡m¨i eicyÎ| †hgb:
1) e½eÜzi c‡ÿ ¯^vaxb evjv wecøex †eZvi †K›`ª ‡_‡K HwZnvwmK fvl‡Yi
P~ovšÍ iƒc`vbKvix, cÖv³bgš¿x G‡K Lvb MÖæ‡ci cÖwZôvZv Rbve G
†K Lvb|
2) 26 gvP© Mfxi iv‡Z †h CHOUDRY MAHAL G fvlY P~ovšÍ n‡qwQj,
†m evoxi gvwjK Ave`yj evix †PŠayix
3) H HwZnvwmK NUbvi g~j AbyNUK gvBRfvÐvi GjvKvi ZrKvjxb
Gg.wc.gxh©v gbmyi|
4) gxh©v gbmy‡ii mn‡hvMx wn‡m‡e ZrKvjxb Gg.wc. BwÄwbqvi
†gvkviid †nv‡mb|
5) GKBmv‡_ ¯§iY‡hvM¨ Ave`yj evix †PŠayixi CHOUDRY MAHAL Gi
ARvbv A‡bK K_v| AvIqvgx jxM †bZv Rûi Avng` †PŠayix, Gg. Avi.
wmwÏKx mn PÆMÖv‡gi mev©waK ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ivR‰bwZK,
mvgvwRK e¨w³Z¡‡`i wek^¯’Zg wbivc` AvkÖq ¯’j Ges UªvbwRó K¨v¤ú
wn‡m‡e hveZxq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© `vwqZ¡ cvwjZ n‡qwQj G evwo‡K †K›`ª
K‡iB| D‡jøL¨, AvIqvgx jx‡Mi PÆMÖvg †Rjv mfvcwZ Gg Avi
wmwÏKxi k^ïi wQ‡jb e½eÜzi c‡ÿ †eZvi fvl‡bi iPwqZv, cvwK¯Ív‡bi
†K›`ªxq gš¿x I wkí cwZ G †K Lvb, Avevi G‡K Lv‡bi k^ïi wQ‡jb
CHOUDRY MAZAL Gi gvwjK Ave`yj evix †PŠayix| cvwievwiK

c„ôv : 9
 m¤úK©, ivR‰bwZK m¤úK© Ava¨vwZ¥K mgxKiY, gyw³hy‡×i
hyMmwÜÿY me †hb GK I GKvKvi|
gyw³hy‡×i BwZnv‡mi GK HwZnvwmK hyMmw›`ÿ‡b Z‡_vwaK
hyMmwÜÿwbK NUbvejxi weKínxb AbyNUK GB mg¯Í HwZnvwmK
e¨w³Z¡‡`i BwZnvm m„wói GB mg¯Í gnvg~j¨evb Z_¨ DcvË AvvRI eûjvs‡k
Abv‡jvwPZ I Aby`NvwUZ, hv Avgv‡`i gnvb gyw³hy‡×i cÖK…Z BwZnvm
HwZ‡n¨i Abb¨ cÖvgvb¨ `wjj|
hvuiv BwZnv‡mi H mgqKv‡ji AbyNUK, cÖZ¨ÿ ¯^vÿx Zvu‡`i g‡a¨
gvBRfvÐv‡ii cximv‡ne ˆmq` †`jvIi †nvmvBb gvBRfvÐvix,e½eÜzi †eZvi
fvl‡bi ms‡kvaK G‡K Lvb, Avi CHOUDRY MAHAL Gi Ave`yj evix
†PŠayix GLb Avi Avgv‡`i gv‡S †bB| Z‡e Zvu‡`i DËi cyiæl Ges NUbvi
cÖZ¨ÿ¯^vÿx gxh©v gbmyi I BwÄwbqvi †gvkviid †nv‡mb †mŠfvM¨µ‡g
Avgv‡`i gv‡S Av‡Qb| GB `yBR‡bi mvÿvrKvi Ges GKBmv‡_ cÖqvZRb‡`i
cwiev‡ii m`m¨‡`i mvÿvrKvi G †ÿ‡Î we‡klfv‡e D‡jøL‡hvM¨| †hgb : (1)
ˆmq` †`jvIi †nvmvBb gvBRfvÐvixi `yBcyÎ Wvt ˆmq` w``viæj nK I ˆmq`
mwn`yj nK (2) G.‡K. Lvb cyÎ mvjvDwÏb Kv‡kg Lvb Ges (3) Avãyj evix
‡PŠayixi ‡cŠÎ AveŸy †PŠayix| G QvovI i‡q‡Q H mgqKv‡j gvBRfvÐvi
GjvKvq KZ©e¨iZ ¯’vbxq gyw³‡hv×v KgvÛvi‡`i mvÿvrKvi|
ejvevûj¨, Zvu‡`i ggZv gvLv me©vZ¥K mvnvh¨ mn‡hvwMZvq Avgiv
mswkøó Z_¨ Dcv˸‡jv cyYt hvPvB evQvB K‡i †bIqvi Ac~e© my‡hvMI
†c‡qwQ wek^¯’Zvi mv‡_|
71 Gi gnvb gyw³hy‡×i Awe¯§iYxq ¯§„wZ weRwWZ 1bs †m±i| GB †m±‡ii
ib †KŠkjMZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ¯’vb dwUKQwo Z_v gvBRfvÐvi GjvKv| GKw`‡K
e‡½vcmvM‡ii †Kvj †Nu‡l my`xN© mxZvKzÛ cvnvo-‡kÖYx, Aci w`‡K
fvi‡Zi mxgvšÍ †Nu‡l cve©Z¨ PÆMÖvg †Rjvi mywe¯Í…Z `yM©g cvnvo
†kÖYx‡K †eób K‡i _vKv G ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f~LÛwU, hv †gvMj Avg‡j evsjvi
evi f~Bqv‡`i iY †KŠkjMZ ga¨fvÐvi wQj, hvi †_‡K gvBRfvÐvi bvgKiY,
†mB gvBRfvÐvi kZ eQ‡ii c_ cwiµgvq 71 Gi gyw³hy‡×i BwZnv‡m hyMcr
Ava¨vwZ¥K I RvMwZKfv‡e Abb¨ f~wgKvq AeZxY© wQj †m BwZnvm-
HwZn¨ UzKz Zz‡j aivi Rb¨B G Av‡qvRb|
evsjv‡`‡ki gnvb gyw³hy‡× nvRvi eQ‡ii HwZn¨ mg„× PÆMÖvg,
PÆMÖv‡gi mvgvwRK Ava¨vwZ¥K mg„× gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd wKfv‡e
wPšÍvq, K_vq I Kv‡R GK †gvnbvq G‡m wgwjZ n‡jv, AwMœMf© Pig
hyMmwÜÿ‡Y mygnvb RvZxq KZ©e¨ wba©viY I cvj‡b †MŠie-`xß
BwZnvm HwZn¨ m„wó Ki‡jv Zv AvR RvZxq BwZnvm-HwZ‡n¨iB
Awe‡”Q`¨ Acwinvh© As‡M cwiMwYZ| G‡K gyw³hy‡×i wjwLZ `wj‡ji
mv‡_ h_vh_fv‡e m¤ú„³KiY, Z_¨ DcvË ¸‡jv‡K Scientific Documentation Gi
avivq wek^¯’Zvi mv‡_ Dc¯’vc‡bi gva¨‡g †gŠwjKfv‡e mygnvb RvZxq

c„ôv : 10
`vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi Ask wn‡m‡eB Avgv‡`i GB cÖZ¨q`xß wb‡e`b, GB
BwZnv‡mi Lmov|
cÖm½Z D‡jøL¨, gyw³hy‡× gvBRfvÐvi| Gi †hgb my`xN© HwZwn¨K
cUf~wg Av‡Q, ‡mB mv‡_ Av‡Q gyw³hy× cieZ©x‡Z Gi Zvrch©c~Y©
m„Rbkxj avievwnKZv †hgb:

c„ôv : 11
 gyw³hy‡× gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd
gvBRfvÐvix GKv‡Wwgi Rb¨
GKwU ZwiKv, GKwU mywd †K›`ª| wKš‘ RvMwZK Ava¨vwZ¥KZvq
GKwU Rxeb Nwbó ixwZg‡Zv gnvKve¨K eÄbvi ficyi| 1940 mv‡j KwjKvZv
wek^we`¨vj‡qi Aax‡b W. gynv¤§` Gbvgyj n‡Ki Ph-D wn‡m‡e Gi
mvs‡KwZK wPÎ dz‡U D‡V‡Q Zvrch© c~e©fv‡e---- RvMÖZ‡K›`ª
(‡ivdv‡i›m)
evOvvwj RvwZi nvRvi eQ‡ii †kÖôZg AR©b mkÖq cÖwZ‡iv‡ai †mŠi‡fi
mgvPvi 1971 Gi i³¯œvZ evsjv‡`k|
Ava¨vwZ¥K RM‡Z Bmjvg a‡g©i nvRvi eQ‡ii HwZn¨‡K aviY K‡i GKRb
evOvwj mywd mvaK KZ…©K evsjvi Rwg‡b cÖewZ©Z GKgvÎ ZwiKv
wn‡m‡e gvBRfvÐvixqv ZwiKv Zvi eûgvwÎK we‡kl‡Z¡i ¸‡Y wKfv‡e †Kvb
cÖwKqvq 71 Gi gnvb gyw³hy‡× GK †gvnbvq G‡m wgwjZ n‡jv GZ`wel‡q
ZË¡ I Z_¨ DcvË ¸‡jv my mgvwš^Z K‡i Dc¯’vc‡bi cÖ‡qvR‡bB G cÖKvkbv|
mywdZvwË¡K Ava¨vwZ¥K ‡K›`ª gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kix‡di KZ ¸‡jv Abb¨
we‡klZ¡ G †ÿ‡Î cÖZ¨ÿ I c‡ivÿfv‡e wµqvkxj| †hgb : +kZ Lwjdviv ag© eY©
wbwe©‡k‡l evOvwj ms¯‹…wZ aviY|
1) gvBRfvÐvixqv ZwiKvi cÖeZ©K MvDQzj AvRg gvBRfvÐvix Ebwesk
kZvãxi hyMhš¿bv‡K aviY K‡i †NvlYv K‡iwQ‡jb cÖkvmb‡K c~e©
w`‡K wb‡q Avmvi K_v | See gv Avjg eB
2) Z`xq †cŠÎ, AwQ I mv¾v`vbkxb ˆmq` †`jvIi †nvmvBb gvBRfvÐvixi
Ae¯’vb| Ava¨vwZ¥KZv I RvMwZKZvi Af…Zc~e© we¯§iKi †gje܇bi
ewnt cÖKvk
3) evOvwj RvwZi ¯^vaxbZv I gyw³hy‡×i gnvbvqK e½eÜzi mv‡_ ˆmq`
†`jvIi †nvmvBb gvBRfvÐvix Ava¨vwZ¥K m¤ú‡K©i K_K_v|
(gyw³hy‡×i c~‡e© I c‡ii eY©bv)
4) gyw³hy‡×i m~Pbv c~‡e© evsjv‡`‡ki weR‡qi Ava¨vwZ¥K ms‡KZ|
¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki cZvKv Dwo‡q (5 GwcÖj 1971) Ii‡k Avgvi Acy‡k`
c‡ii eY©bv) + (eL‡Zqvi gvkv cwiwPwZ)
5) gvBRfvÐvi `ievi Ges Lv`¨fvÐvi glyewLj Lvgvi evox‡K gyw³‡hv×v‡`i
Rb¨ AevwiZ K‡i †`Iqvi `ytmvnmxK wecøex weÏvq|
6) cvÄvex‡`i AZ¨vPvi weivob MYnZ¨v P~ovšÍiƒc wb‡j Ava¨vwZ¥K
RM‡Z P~ovšÍ wm×v‡šÍi cÖ‡qvR‡b nhiZ evev fvÐvixi cyÎ ˆmq` kwdDj
ek‡ii mv‡_ HKg‡Zv †cŠQv|
7) e½eÜzi c‡ÿ ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYvq †eZvi fvlY iPbv‡Z gvBRfvÐv‡ii
Ava¨vwZ¥K ei cy·`i HwZnvwmK Ae`vb| UTURS Kvi NUbv- G †K
Lvb, wgR©v gbmyi, Ave`yj evix †PŠayixi Dci Ava¨vwZ¥K d‡qR
cÖ`v‡bi eY©bv| (BwÄwbqvi †gvkviid Z_¨) NG gv Kvgvj| G‡`i mswKß
Rxebx|

c„ôv : 12
 8) e½eÜz nZ¨vi 15 w`b c~‡e© Zvui wbe©vwPZ cÖwZwbwai gva¨‡g
mivmwi e½eÜz‡K AewnZ KiY| G cÖm‡½ e½eÜzi cÖwZwµqv ¯^
M‡Mvw³ + †idv‡iÝ
9) e½eÜzi nZ¨vi c~e©w`b iv‡Z kvnvbkvn evevRvb KZ…©K 8×6 nvZ j¤^v
Kv‡jv cZvKv †mjvB Kivi wb‡`©k, Lye mKv‡j (‡eZvi †NvlYvi
c~‡e©B) wb‡R `vuwo‡q †_‡K m¤§vb Rvwb‡q cÖKv‡ki H
Kv‡jvcZvKv j¤^v ev‡ki gva¨‡g D™¢xbKvi wb‡`k© I 40 w`b cwšÍ Zv
ivLvq BwÁZ|
10) evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i ¯§viK RvZxq dzj kvcjvi Av`‡j kvnvbkvn
evevRv‡bi iIRv kix‡di ¯’vcZ¨ Kg© m¤úv`b + Gi eY©bv|
11) ‡`jvIi †nvmvBb gvBRfvÐvixi †jLbx‡Z gyw³hy× I ag©xq msMVb ¸‡jvq
Ae¯’v‡bi wPÎ|
12) gvBRfvÐvix mvwn‡Z¨ evsjv‡`‡ki R‡b¥i c~e©| fvlv (Avjøvgv
dinv`vev`xi †cŠZRqbyj ewnqv) Ges cÖZ¨Kfv‡e gyw³welqK cÖKvkbv|
(gv.wR.Av.)
13) evsjv‡`‡ki bvg ev`w`‡i cvwK¯Ívb cÖ¯Ív‡ei we‡ivaxZv| (1946) eY©bv
†idv‡iÝ cvwK¯Ív‡bi 2q As‡ki ˆP‡h¨i wK_v/ 25 eQ‡ii †ekx wUK‡ibvi
fwel¨revYx (DØ„wZ)
evOvwj PwiÎ we‡køl‡Y e½eÜzi mv‡_ Zvi wPšÍv †PZbv mv¤¢m¨Zv|
Amgvß Avg Rxebx + `vk©wbK Lv‡`gyj †dvK&iv
e½eÜzi mv‡_ Av‡jvPbvi mkš¿ gyw³hy‡×i c~e©vfvl| DØ„Z- K‡_vcK_b
†idv‡iÝ
14) wm‡jU †Rj †_‡K e½eÜz‡K wPwV I †Zvndv + eY©bv D×wZ †idv‡iÝ
15) gyw³hy‡× gvBRfvÐvix Lwjdv‡`i Ae`vb ivRvcyix mvZKvwbqv /+ eB‡qi
DØ„wZ PiYØxwc + Ab¨vb¨ + mvÿvrKvi + Kvbyb wewPÎ /
knx`yjøvn/ivqnv‡bi Kvev
eY©bvi gv‡S ¸iæZ¡c~Y© e¨w³‡Z¡i dzU †bvU- 5 GwcÖj Iik/ 10 gvN Iik/ ˆmq`
kwdDj eki/ ¯‹zj hv‡ni kvn&/ Rvdj wmK`vi/ Wvt w``vi/Rxebx bvk/
AvWvi Zjv l feMÖ gvmjvq Awfhy³ e½eÜz m¤ú‡K© †`‡nv| Awj Avjøvni
QvqZ‡j--- †idv
e½eÜzi avivevwnKZvq Zvui Kb¨vi gvBRfvÐvi †hvMv‡hv‡Mi eY©bv/ 19-
kvwnevi gybvRvZ Wvt w``viæj nK `iev‡i AwZÿ¨| `ycy‡i Uvbv 1 N›Uv
Avgv‡K Rvwb‡q‡Qb A‡bKw`b ci wbwð‡šÍ GKUv Nyg w`jvg| Gi ci mywdqv
Kvgv‡ji evmv †_‡K Avgv‡K †W‡K wb‡q wbe©vP‡b gv †_‡K Wvt w``viæj
nK‡K bvg c¯Í_| Zv‡K evkx Kiv‡bvi Aby‡iva| wZwb ivRx bv nIqv‡Z
evevfvÐvixi †cŠÎ ‰mq` kwdDj eki‡K Kv‡Q †U‡b †bIqv NUbv|
gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kix‡di Z_¨wPÎ/ZwiKvi cÖeZ©K/Zvi ZwiKvq we‡klZ¡/W.
Gbvgyj n‡Ki ch©‡eÿY/evevfvÐvix/‡`‡nv/wgqv/¯^bvgab¨ wewkó
Lwjdv/PiYØxZv K---

c„ôv : 13
w`jøxi wecix‡Z e‡½ †K gymwjg cÖvavb¨/`ª. W. kd‡mi Avjx|
gvBRfvÐvix mwÄZ ejvevûj¨, gy³hy×, evsjv‡`k cÖm½/‡`‡nveB/Rvgvj
wmK`vi/ gv. Avjg/ m›`©kb/ mvenv`xev`x/ evsjv‡`k = Mvb iPbv I cÖKvkbv
Z_¨ wPÎ mswÿß cwiwPZ 2 kZvwaK
mshyw³- gyw³hy× I miKvi m¤ú‡K© kvnvbkvn evevRv‡bi Kvjvg|
-Wvt w``vi cZvKv D‡Ëvjb| S.S.H. eyw×Rxex mn PÆMÖvg wek^we`¨vj‡qi
wkÿK‡`i we‡kl e¨e¯’vcbv mvÿvrKvi Wvt w``viæj-‰mq` mwn`
-gv Avj‡gi eB‡qi me¸‡jv note mgweKZKvq
-mvÿvrKvi †bIqv _vbv Kg©Zvi/ †Rbv‡ij †mUi KgvÛv wgR©v gbQzi/ †mÆ
hvIqv †gRe iwdK/ BwÄwbqvi †gvkviid
-‡hvMv‡hvM BwZnv‡mi Lmov Kwc+ civgk©|
Ab¨vq AwePvi .................................................................‡jLv ¸‡jv eySv hv‡”P
bv|
Avgv‡`i †fŠ‡MvwjK I ivR‰bwZK Aw¯’‡Z¡i ¯§viK i³¯œvZ 71 Gi gnvb
gyw³hy×|
Avgv‡`i ag©xq I Ava¨vwZ¥K Aw¯’‡Z¡i ¯§viK gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd|
AZ¨vPvix-Rv‡jg kvmb KZ©vi weiæ‡× m¤§y‡L `vwo‡q nK K_v ejvB
m‡ev©Zg †Rnv`| GB Cgvbx `vwqZ¡ cvj‡bi mygnvb KZ©e¨‡eva `vvwqZ¡‡eva
gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd‡K gyw³hy‡×i m¤ú‡K© `vov‡Z †cÖiYv RywM‡q‡Q|
Rv‡j‡gi weiæ‡× gRjy‡gi GB †Rnv` ivR‰bwZK gyw³hy× I ag©xq gyw³hy×
GK †gvnbvq G‡m wgwjZ| G GK HwZnvwmK †hvM m~Î hyMmwÜÿY|
GB welqwU wb‡q SZHM TRUST Gi The Message ‡h Mfxi Zvrch© welq
wba©viY K‡i‡Qb Zvi Rb¨ The Message ‡K RvbvB †gveviKev`| The Message
Gi Drmf~wg kvnvbkvn wRqvDj nK gvBRfvÐvix| Zvui cv‡Îi iIRv kix‡d ¯’vcZ¨
wk‡j gyw³hy‡×i dmj evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq dzj kvcjvi cÖwZ¯’vcb gvBRfvÐvi `ievi
kix‡d kx‡l© evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i ¯§„wZi KivB ¯§iY Kwi‡q †`q evievi|
+ kvcjvi Qwe iIRv kixd eB‡qi cÖ¯’K|
71 Gi gnvb gyw³hy‡×i mv‡_ mywd‡K›`ª gvBRfvÐv‡ii Mfxi †_‡K MfxiZ
m¤ú‡K© HwZnvwmK Zvrch© wel‡q mvgvb¨ avibv †bIqv cÖ‡qvRb| cweÎ
Bmjvg a‡g©i wedvcqvb avivq we‡k^i wewfbœ †`‡k D‡jøL‡hvM¨ msL¨K
ZwiKvi D™¢e N‡U‡Q| fviZ e‡l© BwZnvmwe` Aveyj dR‡ji AvBbx AvKeix
MÖ‡š’ 14wU ZwiKvi D‡jøL cvIqv hvq| 4-5 kZ e‡Qii e¨eav‡b Ebwesk
kZvãx‡Z G‡m e½bvgK f~L‡Û GK bZzb ZwiKvi D™¢e N‡U|
GKRb evOvwj mywdmvaK KZ…©K evsjvi Rwg‡b cÖewZ©Z GKgvÎ ZwiKv
wn‡m‡e AvÿwbK we‡klZ¡ cÖwbavb‡hvM¨| ag©xq cÖfv‡e Aviwe D`y©,

c„ôv : 14
dvwm©i Avevi e„wó kvm‡bi Bs‡iwR wecix‡Z evOvwji evsjv fvlv I evsjv
ms¯‹…wZ cÖwZ evsjv fvlvq| 1907 mvj †_‡K P‡j Avmv 10 gv‡Ni Iik Ges
cieZ©xKv‡j evev fvÐvix 22 †k ˆPÎ Iik GB mZ¨wUB enb K‡i P‡j‡Q
HwZnvwmK avivevwnKZvq|
GB HwZnvwmK avivevwnKZvq Kvi‡b ev½vjx RvwZi nvRvi eQ‡ii ‡kÖôZg
AR©b Gi gyw³hy‡×i mv‡_ gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd GKvq n‡Z †c‡qwQ‡jb g‡b
Rv‡b|
71 Gi gyw³hy‡×i mv‡_ gvBRSfvÐvi `ievi kix‡di MfxiZi m¤úK© eûgvwÎK|
Avgiv GLv‡b Zv‡K K‡qKwU ch©v‡q fvM K‡i wb‡qwQ|
1) gyw³hy‡×i fwel¨Z wel‡q ZwiKvi cÖeZ©K MvDQzj AvRg gvBRfvÐvixi
fwel¨revYx
2) Z`xq †cŠÎ ˆmq` ‡`jvIi †nvmvBb gvBRfvÐvix cÖZ¨ÿ Ae¯’vb
3) Z`xq cÖ †cŠÎ kvnvb kvn wRqvDj nK gvBRfvÐvix Kvjvg
4) ¯^vaxb evsjv wecøex †eZvi ‡K›`ª e½eÜzi c‡ÿ HwZnvwmK †eZvi fvl‡Yi
gymvwe`v KviK ¯^bvgab¨ ivRbxwZwe` I wkwÿZ 5 GwcÖj evev fvÐvix
Ii‡k evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxb cZvKv fve gyLi Lvj Lvgvi gyw³hy×v AevwiZ
Z`xq cyÎ Wvt w``viæj nK I mwn`yj nK‡K AnvUvi Avwe©fve wbK‡Ui
gnvb †QvU eo A_©vr gvBRfvÐvix eB GK G †K Lv‡bi Rxe‡b MvDQzj
AvRg gvBRfvÐvixi cÖeZ©K Ava¨vwZ¥K cÖfv‡ei weeiY|
5) GB 26 †k Mfxi iv‡Z GB †eZvi fvl‡Yi cÖ¯‘‡Zi HwZnvwmK ¯’‡ji
eY©bv| hvi Ae¯’vb gvBRfvÐvi `ievi GjvKvi dwUKQwo †`ŠjZcyi
MÖv‡gi cÖexbZg evwZ ChowdhuryMahal
6) Ak Khar I Avãyj evix †PŠayixi ChowdhuryMahal Gi GB HwZnvwmK
¯§„wZ weRwfZ NUbvi g~j AbyNUK m„vbxq Gg.wc wgR©v gbmy‡ii
Dci gvBRfvÐv‡ii Ava¨vwZ¥K cÖfve+1bs †m±i †gRi KwK‡Zi ZË¡eav‡b
†Rbv‡ij KgvÛvi ¯^vaxb evsjv wecøex ‡eZvi †K›`ª †_‡K †gRi wRqvi we
åvwšÍKi fvlY †`‡k we‡`‡k cÖwZavq m„wó n‡j PÆMÖ †gi AvIqvgx
jx‡Mi High KgvÛi cÿ †_‡K wgR©v gbmy‡ii Bmjvwg †gvkvi‡di `vwšÍ
‡`Iqv nq e¨vL¨v mgvav‡b wgR©v gbmyi 26 gvP© ivZ †`iUvq wb‡Ri
f·IqvMb Mvwo wb‡R Pvwj‡q gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kix‡d †`ŠjZcy‡i G‡m
†cŠ‡Qb ivZ 3Uvq| Zviv AvmwQ‡jb g~jZ Ryûj Avng` †PŠayix I Gg mvi
wgwKó Lv‡b|
Zviv fve‡Z P‡j hvIqvi Le‡i Zviv Gg Avi wgwói k^myi Ak Khes ‡K
welqwU A‡`vß e¨vL¨v Ki‡j wZwb RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK ch©v‡q
weåvwšÍ wbhmb K‡i GK HwZnvwmK fvlY cÖ¯Íve K‡i‡Qb
I clo

1971 Gi 27 †k gvP© e½eÜzi c‡ÿ †eZvi fvl‡Yi NUbvi eY©bv :-

c„ôv : 15
1971 Gi 27 gvP© ¯^vaxb evsjv wecøex †eZvi †K›`ª †_‡K e½eÜzi c‡ÿ
¯^vaxbZv †NvlYvi g †bc‡_¨i cÖK…Z BwZnvm msiÿY Ges gyw³hy‡×i `wjq
cv‡ÎZv ms‡hR‡b cÖv‡½ †eZvi e½eÜzi ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYvi gyw³hy× mn ÿiY
P~ovšÍ Ki‡bi GwZnvwmK wn‡m‡e gvBRfvÐv‡ii f~wgKv GjvKvi ¯’vb Kvj
cv‡Îi Av‡jv‡K Avgv‡`i Dcw¯’wZ Aby‡iv‡a 26 †k gvP© Mfxi iv‡Z
dwUKQwoi (gvBRfvÐvi GjvKvq) (†`ŠjZcy‡i) Ave`yj evix †PŠayixi Chowury
MAZAL G Z`xq RvgvZv G †K Lvb KZ…©K [wZwb PÆMÖvg †Rjv
AvIqvgx jx‡Mi ZrKvjxb mfvcwZ cÖm‡½ Gg Avi wmwÏKxi k^ïi] e½eÜzi
fvl‡Yi gy mvwe`vi mwPÎ eY©bv evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii msiÿ‡Y ivLvi Aby‡evab
1971-25 ‡k gvP© cvwK¯Ívb nvbv`vi evwnbxi MYnZ¨v| e½eÜzi †MÖdZv‡ii
c~e© gyû‡Z© evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv †NvlYvi Av‡jv‡K c‡ii w`b Avgiv
PÆMÖv‡gi AvIqvgx jxM ‡bZ…e„‡›`i †hŠ_ wm×všÍ ¯^vaxb evsjv wecøex
†eZvi †K›`ª ¯’vcb, KvjyiNvU¯’ H †eZvi †K›`ª †_‡K ¯^vaxb evsjv‡`‡ki
†NvlYv cÖPv‡ii wm×všÍ MÖnY Kwi|
e½eÜzi gyw³hy‡×i †NvlYv (RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK fv‡e e¨vcK
MÖnY‡hvM¨Zv Ges GKBmv‡_) mm¯ª evwnbxi m`m¨‡`i Kvh©Ki fv‡e m¤ú„³
Kivi cÖ‡qvR‡b Avgiv wRMg AvIqvgx jxM †bZ…e„‡›`i ‡hŠ_ ˆeV‡Ki wm×všÍ
µ‡g Avgv‡`i 2 R‡bi Dci `vwqZ¡ Awc©Z nq| †mB †gvZv‡eK Avgiv cÖ_‡g
PÆMÖvg Bwc Avi... †gRi iwd‡Ki mv‡_ †hvMv‡hvM Kwi| wZwb welqwUi
¸iæZ¡ AbyaveK K‡i e¨vcK MÖnY †hvM¨Zvi cÖ‡qvR‡b GK Rb wmwbq‡ii
mÜvb Kivi civgk© †`b| Z`vbby µ‡g Avgiv Riæix wfwˇZ PÆMÖv‡g Ae¯’vb
iZ...........
wZwb I GKB civgk© †`b Ges PÆMÖv‡g Ae¯’vbiZ †gRi wRqvDi ingv‡bi
bv‡g cÖ¯Íve K‡ib|
Avgiv †gRi wRqvDi †K cÖ¯Íve w`‡j wZwb Avgv‡`i ZË¡veav‡bbB Kvjyi
NvU¯’ ¯^vaxb evsjv wecøex †eZvi †K‡›`ª Dcw¯’Z nb| DrKóv AwbwðZ
Ae¯’vq GB Pig D‡ËRbvKi gyû‡Z© wZwb Avgv‡`i Kv‡iv mv‡_ †Kvb civgk©
bv K‡iB nVvr K‡i gvB‡µv‡`v‡b †NvlYv K‡i e‡m‡Qb-
I may Zcaur Rehicar. hereby declare the Intepenndeace of Buyledist.
GB AcwKwíZ Aem„e¨Kvix, AvZ¥NvwZ †NvlYv RvZxq I AvšÍR©vwZK
ch©v‡q gvevZ¥KK wKiƒc cÖwZwµqvZ m„wó K‡i| Avgiv †gRi wRqv‡K GB
cÖwZwµqvi welq AewnZ Ki‡j wZwb Avgv‡`iB Aby‡iva K‡ib e½eÜzi c‡ÿ
c~Y© †NvlYv gymvwe`v K‡i ‡`Iqvi Rb¨|
Avgiv ZvrmÿwbK fv‡e †eZvi †K›`ª †_‡K †ei n‡q AvIqvgx jx‡Mi wmwbq
bxwZ wba©viK Rûi Avng` †PŠayix I Z¡g Avi wgwjbxi mÜv‡b 26 gvP© ivZ
†`oUvq Zviiƒc Z¥e¯’vb¯’j dwUKQwo gvBRfvÐvi GjvKvi †`ŠjZcy‡i Ave`yj
evix †PŠayixi Chowdury MAZAL Gi D‡Ï‡k¨ iIqvbv w`b| Mfxiiv‡Z weR‡q

c„ôv : 16
†`Ljvg †bZviv fvi‡Zi D‡Ï‡k¨ iIqvbv w`‡q‡Qb| wKsKZ©e¨ weg~p Av¯’vq
Avgiv H evwo‡Z Ae¯’vb iZ G †K Lvb mv‡ne †‡K cyiv NUbv wee„Z Kwi|
msm` m`m¨, cvwK¯Ív‡bi †K›`ªxq gš¿x I ¯^bvgab¨ wkícvZ G †K Lvb mv‡ne
†Zgb †Kvb mgq bv wb‡q Zvui cÖÁvc~Y© GB gymvwe`vwU ˆZqvi K‡i †`b
GK emv‡ZB|
I nray ev Zeaur Rah...
mKj weåvwšÍ I wePy¨wZi Aemvb NwU‡q BwZnv‡mi †gvo Nywi‡q †`Iqvi
ixwZ g‡Zv UTurn K‡i †`Iqvq GB we¯§qKi cÖÁvc~Y© fvlYwU wb‡q Avgiv
mKv‡jB KvjyiNv‡Ui †eZvi †K‡›`ª Dcw¯’Z n‡q †gRi wRqv‡K w`‡q e½eÜyi
c‡ÿ GB HwZnvwmK fvlYwU cÖPv‡ii e¨e¯’v Kwi| d‡j wew”Qbœ †mbv
we‡`ªv‡ni wecix‡Z Avcvgi c~e© cvwK¯Ívb evmxi †fv‡U wbe©vwPZ evOvwji
Awemsevw`Z †bZv e½eÜzi evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZvi †NvlYv RvZxq I
AvšÍR©vwZK gn‡j
GB HwZnvwmK NUbvi eY©bv, Ges GKBmv‡_ e½eÜzi c‡ÿ †NvlYvi
gymvwe`v cÖ¯‘Z KviK Rbve AK Khecee Mfxifv‡e †NvlYv ‰Zixi †mB
¯§„wZweRwoZ Chowdry Mazal Gi Av‡jvKwPÎ I GZ`m‡½ mshy³Kvi n‡jv :
evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i cÖK…Z BwZnv‡mi cÖ‡qvR‡b GwU RvZxqfv‡e
msMÖn I msiÿY cÖ‡qvRb|
evsjv‡`‡ki gyw³hy‡×i BwZnvm HwZ‡n¨i hyMmwÜK‡bi NUbvi ¯§viK
wn‡m‡eI Gi g~j¨ Acwimxg|
AvkKwi G mKj welq we‡ePbv K‡i evsjv‡`k miKv‡ii mswkøó m¤úv`K gnj
GwU msÿ‡ii cÖ‡qvRbxq D‡Ïk¨ cv‡eb|
RvZxq BwZnvm msÿ‡b cÖ‡qvR‡bB welqwU Zvrch©c~Y© fv‡e AZxe Riæix|
mshyw³? ¯^vaxb evsjv wecøex †eZvi †K›`ª †_‡K e½eÜzi c‡ÿ †eZvi fvl‡Yi
iPwqZv G †K Lv‡bi Av‡jvKwPÎ I mswÿß Rxebx (29-1991) GB †eZvi fvlY
iPbvq ¯§„wZ weRqwWi Avãyj evix †PŠayixi c‡ÿ eY©bv Chowdry g‡bi
MAZAL Gi Av‡jvKwPÎ|
cyb¯^i : evsjv‡`‡ki ¯^vaxbZv hy‡×i `wjj c‡Îi 15Zg L‡Û c„ôvq ewY©Z
ZrKvjxb †Rjv AL mvaviY m¤úv`K Ave`yj nvbœvb †PŠayix eY©bvi m¤ú~iK
wn‡m‡e GwU H `wjj c‡jI ms‡hvR‡bi welqwU ¸iæZ¡ mnKv‡i we‡ePbvq
civgk© Rvbvw”Q|
(+ Ueb umner G `yR‡bi mv‡_ Sk Kher mvÿvrKv‡ii Qwe)
ABC I wLjvdZ ¯^‡`kx Av‡›`vj‡bi Ab¨Zg me©RbkÖ‡×i e¨w³Z¡, †e½vjevm©v
wUg †bwf‡Mk‡bi gvwjK, †e½yb kn‡i evOvwj‡`i mvnmx wVKvbv Avãyj evix
(18-1944) Zvui me©vZ¥K mn‡hvMxZvi I Drmv‡n Z`xq cÖ_g RvgvZ G †K
Lvb n‡q D‡VwQ‡jb GKBmv‡_ ivRbxwZwe` I wk‡í cvZx Zvui Chudhry Mazal

c„ôv : 17
wQj gyw³hy‡×i wek^¯’Zg AvkÖq¯’j| MR. Sadaqe bvbv kïi wn‡m‡e Zvi evwfU
n‡qwQj g~j †bZ…‡Z¡i g~j †hvVv‡qM I AvkÖq‡K›`ª| G evwo‡ZB Ae¯’vb
KwiwQ‡jv Rûi Avn‡g` †PŠayix I AL ‡bZ…e„›`|
Ak kher Gi Ak kher Ges †Q‡j †g‡q‡`i D‡jøL¨‡`i bvg I cwiPq|
cyÎ RwdDj Lvb cÖv¯Íb gš¿x
mvwgDj Kv‡jv,,,,,,,
gyw³hy×
Avnegvb evsjvi nvRvi eQ‡ii ivR‰bwZK, A_©‰bwZK, mvgvwRK, mvs¯‹…
wZK Ø›Ø msNvZgq eûgvwÎK wewPÎ BwZnv‡mi Zz½xq ewntcÖKvk,
me©Kv‡ji †kÖôZg dmj 1971 mv‡j evsjv‡`‡ki gnvb gyw³hy×v| kvmK I †kvlK
cvwK¯Ívbx P‡µi †Pv‡L Ôwbw›`ZÕ wbi¯¿ evOvwji AKíbxq I Awek^vm¨ GB
Ôbw›`ZÕ mk¯¿ gw³hy×, mviv wek^‡K nZevK K‡i w`‡q gvÎ 9 gv‡mi giYcY
i³¯œvZ hy‡×i gva¨‡g ¯^vaxb mve©‡fŠg evsjv‡`‡ki Afz¨`q evOvwj RvwZi
BwZnv‡mi me©Kv‡ji †kÖôZg AR©b| ejvevûj¨, GB gyw³hy× Avgv‡`i hyMcr
RvZxq I AvZ¥RvMi‡Yi m~PK wn‡m‡e n‡q D‡V‡Q AvZ¥cÖZ¨q I
AvZ¥week^v‡mi wPivqZ kvk¯¿ ÔevwZNiÕ| Avi GB cÖZ¨q`xß Awek^vm¨
AvZ¥wek^v‡mi `xwßgvb kvk^Z cÖZxK, ¯§iYKv‡ji ivR‰bwZK, mvsMVwbK
†kÖôZg evOvwj e½eÜz †kL gywReyi ingvb| BwZnv‡mi my`xN© c_ cwiµgvq
evsjv‡`k I evOvwj my`xN© ¯^vaxKvi Av‡›`vjb, m‡ev©cwi mk¯¿ gyw³hy‡×i
me©vwabvqK wn‡m‡e e½eÜz GK †gvnbvq G‡m wgwjZ nq| Aejxjvµ‡g
mgv_©K n‡q D‡V Òe½eÜz I evsjv‡`kÓ| GB evsjv‡`‡k AfvØq gyw³hy× Ges
gyw³hy‡×i cieZ©xKv‡j e½eÜz nZ¨vi A‡bK NUbv mei wbKU ¯’vqx wQ‡jv
AwQ‡q MvDQzj AvRg|

c„ôv : 18
1918 mv‡j †LjvdZ Av‡›`vj‡b Ask MÖnY :
1921-1922 mv‡j MYmf¨Zv I mgvR Rxe‡b ag©xq cÖfve Rvbvi cÖ‡qvR‡b
evg©v| KwjmZv, ûMjx cvo‡eix w`jøx AvMÖn Avgxi mdi|
1946 DËi PÆMÖvg cÖveb wbh©eb mwm©Zi cÖavb mvZk Awef³ evsjvi
†hvM¨gš¿x Qvwe`ycÖn Zvnvi †cŠÎ| mfvcwZ †`‡nv| wKš‘ †k‡li w`‡b
cvwK¯Ívb cÖ¯Ív‡e Pakistan bvgKi‡Y But B bvB e‡j Dcw¯’Z wQ‡jb bv|
ivRbxwZwe` bv n‡q I Svby ivRbxwZex`‡K nvigvbvq
1952 mcweiv‡Z gvBRfvÐvi `ievi kixd †`‡nvi AvZ_¨ MÖnY| gvgv e‡j
m‡¤^vab mg¯‘ gyw³hy× c~e©vfvlv
1958 wØZxq mdi
AvMiZjv 25gvP© gvjgjvq wm‡jU Äj †_‡K †QvU wPKKzU, I 100 UvKvq
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