Understanding Culture,

Society and Politics

Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Significance of Cultural,
Social, Political and Economic
Symbols and Practices

CO_Q1_UCSP SHS
Module 4
Understanding Culture Society and Politics
Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 4: Significance of Cultural, Social, Political and Economic Symbols
and Practices
First Edition, 2021

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Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio

Development Team of the Module

Writers: Raquel D. Comandante and Mary Grace F. Alano
Editors: Alfred James A. Ellar, James Angelo T. Año
Reviewers: Leonardo C. Cargullo, Yolanda DC. Lumanog, Honeylet A.Pelone,
Jesusa L. Partosa, Asher H. Pasco, Armando D. Ison,
Ma. Criscel R. Negosa, Joanna Marie R. Causaren,
Alfonso, V. Mabuting andJohncent Roy C. Tibordo
Illustrators: Shiela Mae L. Ortiz, Maria Babylyn B. Nevalga,
Jhucel A. Del Rosario and Michael Joseph A. Lapid
Layout Artist: Allan Gilbert M. Jain, Maria Cristina F. Lim, Felipe Ryan S. Duatin,
Joanna Marie R. Causaren and Anna Paulina B. Palomo
Management Team: Francis Cesar B. Bringas
Job S. Zape, Jr.
Ramonito Elumbaring
Reicon C. Condes
Elaine T. Balaogan
Fe M. Ong-ongowan
Doris DJ. Estalilla
Lualhati O. Cadavedo
Laura O. Garcia
Ma. Criscel R. Negosa
Maria Heidi Alaine T. Nietes

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Understanding Culture,
Society and Politics
Quarter 1 – Module 4:
Significance of Cultural,
Social, Political and Economic
Symbols and Practices
Introductory Message
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is prepared so that you, our dear learners,
can continue your studies and learn while at home. Activities, questions, directions,
exercises, and discussions are carefully stated for you to understand each lesson.

Each SLM is composed of different parts. Each part shall guide you step-by-
step as you discover and understand the lesson prepared for you.

Pre-tests are provided to measure your prior knowledge on lessons in each

SLM. This will tell you if you need to proceed on completing this module or if you
need to ask your facilitator or your teacher’s assistance for better understanding of
the lesson. At the end of each module, you need to answer the post-test to self-check
your learning. Answer keys are provided for each activity and test. We trust that you
will be honest in using these.

In addition to the material in the main text, Notes to the Teacher are also
provided to our facilitators and parents for strategies and reminders on how they can
best help you on your home-based learning.

Please use this module with care. Do not put unnecessary marks on any part
of this SLM. Use a separate sheet of paper in answering the exercises and tests. And
read the instructions carefully before performing each task.

If you have any questions in using this SLM or any difficulty in answering the
tasks in this module, do not hesitate to consult your teacher or facilitator.

Thank you.
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to help you master
the nature of Understanding Culture Society and Politics. The scope of this module
permits it to be used in many different learning situations. The language used
recognizes the diverse vocabulary level of students. The lessons are arranged to follow
the standard sequence of the course. But the order in which you read them can be
changed to correspond with the textbook you are now using.

The module is about the significance of cultural, social, political and economic
symbols and practices (MELC 4).

After going through this module, you are expected to:

1. identify the human origins and the capacity for culture;
2. determine the role of culture in human adaptation;
3. explain processes of cultural and socio-political evolution; and
4. analyze the key features of interrelationships of biological, cultural, and
socio-political processes in human evolution that can still be used and
developed.

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 What I Know

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. The cultural evolution of man has three remarkable Era. Which of the
following has the correct order of era?
a. Age of Metal, Neolithic Period, Paleolithic Period
b. Neolithic Period, Paleolithic Period, Age of Metal
c. Paleolithic Period, Age of Metal, Neolithic Period
d. Palaeolithic Period, Neolithic Period, Age of Metal

2. In the early stage, human move from one place to another. As they transform
and adapt their environment, they learn to have permanent settlement. What
period did the permanent settlement of human occur?
a. Age of Bronze
b. Age of Copper
c. Neolithic Period
d. Palaeolithic Period

3. Each era has a significant cultural development such as the use of fire in
Paleolithic period, the domestication of plants and animals in the Neolithic
Period, and the use of metal in the age of Metal. What is the other term for the
Age of Metal?
a. Land Revolution
b. Stone Revolution
c. Metal Civilization
d. Rise of Civilization

4. In the Neolithic period, the Cro-Magnon disappeared and the new people who
were considered the modern men appeared, which of the following were the
accomplishments of human during this period?
a. Live in cave
b. Used unpolished stone tools
c. Used metals to upgrade tools
d. Domesticated plants and animals

5. There were three metals distinguished in the Age of Metals. Which of the
following was the first known metal in this period?
a. Iron
b. Bronze
c. Copper
d. Aluminum

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6. Which of the following events DOES NOT occur during Neolithic Revolution?
a. Increase in population
b. Fishing is the only way to live
c. Learned to create crafts as pottery and weaving
d. Way of living changed from hunting and gathering to agriculture

7. The most obvious material symbols of ancient state societies is ________.

a. Pyramids
b. Stone tablets
c. Irrigation canals
d. Monumental works

8. What is the earliest writing form in the world which was developed in
Mesopotamia 6,000 years ago?
a. Runes
b. Cuneiform
c. Hieroglyphics
d. Clay-tablet symbology

9. In the type of political ruling, it refers to the series of rulers descending from
a single-family line.
a. Dynasty
b. Oligarchy
c. Monarchy
d. Democracy

10. In Mesopotamian culture, the ancient Egypt is one of the most important
civilizations in history. When it is said to have emerged?
a. 2,000 years old
b. 3,000 years old
c. 4, 000 years old
d. 5, 000 years old

11. In the history of European exploration, when was the Spanish global power
started?
a. 1345
b. 1492
c. 1500
d. 1896

12. Which treaty ends World War I and breaks several multi-rational empires?
a. Treaty of Versailles
b. Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine
c. Faisal-Weizmann agreement
d. Treaty of Saint-Germain enLaye

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13. What form of democracy do the Philippines have?
a. Constitutional democracy
b. Representative democracy
c. Direct democracy
d. a and b

14. In the types of government, which of the following does not describe
democracy?
a. From an authoritarian political system to a semi democracy
b. Transition from an authoritarian regime to a full democracy
c. From semi authoritarian political system to a democratic political
system
d. From semi authoritarian political system to a semi democratic political
system

15. Democracy is generally known as the government of the people; moreover, the
Participatory democracy is best defined as__________________.
a. Direct individual participation by citizen in political decisions that
affect their daily living
b. Limited political participation by a small group that make and influence
political decision
c. Non-government interest groups influence political decision through
lobbying and donations
d. A system where citizens choose government representatives among
their citizens

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Module 4
 Lesson Significance of Cultural,

4 Social, Political and Economic

Symbols and Practices

What’s In

Analyze the scenarios and pictures below. Tell if it shows ethnocentrism or cultural
relativism. Write your answers on your paper.

1. You have a classmate from the north who does not

spend as much. Other students think it is stingy,
because in the place where your classmate came from is
known for its culture to be prudent with money

2. Your family used to

live abroad and has a
habit of welcoming relatives and visitors in your
home. Prepares food or even offer lodging. Your
foreign friends understood this behavior because
they know that it is part of your culture and should
never be judge according to their standards.

3. In your community there are only a few rich

families, and due to the busy schedule, they rarely
socialize and talk to neighbors. But for most in your
community they assume that it reflects a proud
attitude.

Philippines is known for having variety of delicacies

which used different cooking techniques and all native food are tasty and delicious.
It also encourages tourist and other people from different countries to visit the
Philippines, to try and taste these delicacies that are rare in their places.

5. In Baguio, it is common for them to eat dog meat

and it is part of their culture, but elsewhere in the
Philippines it is not acceptable and considered illegal
because for others dogs are treated as a house pet.

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 What’s New

Activity 1: The ICEMAN and the ALPS

(this activity is adapted from slideshare.net accessed May 25, 2020)

In 1991, hikers in the Alps found a dead body and notified the authorities.
They thought that person might have died on a recent hike, but extensive scientific
testing revealed the body to be around 5,000 years old! Since the “Iceman” was frozen
for all this time, his body clothing, and tools were all preserved intact, giving us a
rare glimpse of what it must have been like to live in the Neolithic Era.
The discovery of the Iceman has also given us a mystery to solve. The autopsy’
revealed many signs of violent death. When archaeologists inquire about the past,
they examined evidence and put it together to tell their story. What story does it
tell?

Artifacts
Copper Axe
Flint knife
Unfinished longbows
Flints (stones used for tools
and fire)
Mushrooms
14 bone-tipped arrows
Two finished
Twelve unfinished
Autopsy
Cerebral Trauma to the head
Your assignment:
Cuts and bruises on hands
Arrow wound in shoulder By yourself, use at least 6 pieces
(arrow probably removed) of evidence to tell a story about the
Blood from 4 people (DNA) events leading to the Iceman’s death.
57 Carbon Tattoos (dots and Remember that the only wrong answer
lines on lower spine. Back of in history is an answer that lack
knees and right ankle) evidence. Be creative and have fun with
About 5000years old this.

1. Based from the activity, what is the significance of human material remains and
artefactual evidence in interpreting culture, social and political processes?
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________

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2. As compared to our lives today what differences do we have from these men who
lived 5,000 years ago in terms of biological and cultural features? Use the
reconstructed picture of the iceman below.

Present day Human Beings

Biological difference: ___________________________

___________________________
___________________________
____________
___________________________
Cultural Difference:
___________________________
___________________________
____________

3. As you can see, there is a big difference between the biological and socio-cultural
features between that Iceman and you. Why do you think changes happen in all
aspects of your life from time to time?
______________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________

Activity 2: The 3-IN-1 Learning Stations

Carefully look at each picture. Give your descriptions pertaining to their:
1. CULTURE or way of living
2. PHYSICAL capacity in doing the task
3. The kind of LEADERSHIP they have

Station 1 – Neolithic Period or 1st Agricultural

Revolution

1. ______________________________________

2. ______________________________________

3. ______________________________________

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Station 2 – Industrial Revolution

1. ___________________________________

2. ___________________________________

3. ___________________________________

Station 3 – Ancient State and Civilization

Ziggurat

1. ___________________________________

2. ___________________________________

3. ___________________________________

Station 4 – Ancient State and Civilization

Rule of King and Queen

1. ___________________________________

2. ___________________________________

3. ___________________________________

Station 5 – The State of People

Democratic State

1. ___________________________________

2. ___________________________________

3. ___________________________________

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Guide Questions:
In two to three sentences, explain how our cultural and socio-political ways has
changed over the years? (Rubrics below is the basis for scoring)
Answer: _____________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________

Areas of
4 3 2 1
Assessment
Presents ideas in Presents ideas Ideas are too Ideas are
Ideas an original in a consistent general vague or
manner manner unclear
Strong and Organized Some No
organized beg/mid/end organization; organization;
Organization beg/mid/end attempt at a lack
beg/mid/end beg/mid/end
Writing shows Writing shows Writing shows Writing shows
Understanding strong a clear adequate little
understanding understanding understanding understanding
Sophisticated use Nouns and Needs more Little or no use
of nouns and verbs make nouns and of nouns and
Word Choice verbs make the essay verbs verbs
essay very informative
informative
Sentence Sentence Sentence No sense of
structure structure is structure is sentence
Sentence enhances evident; limited; structure or
Structure meaning; flows sentences sentences need flow
throughout the mostly flow to flow
piece
Few (if any) Few errors Several errors Numerous
Mechanics
errors error

What is It

In this part of your journey, we provide something for you to read to deepen your
understanding about the topic.

Please do it with comprehension to discover knowledge that will help you out in
dealing with the next phase of your quest.

Think it over:

1. When we try to compare then and now, what are differences in terms of how
people carry out things physically, culturally, and socio-politically?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

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2. What are the different stages in the cultural development of human?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

3. How does human grow culturally, socially, and politically in Paleolithic

Period? Neolithic Period? Age of Metal?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

4. Why do you think people need a transformation or evolution to adapt to

his/her environment?
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

5. Do you observe practices that preserve culture in today’s living? Explain by

giving an example.
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________

6. As a person, how do you progress? List down at least five things that you can’t
do 10 years ago, and the things that you can do at present.

10 years ago, I CANNOT At present, I CAN

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HUMAN CULTURAL EVOLUTION
It is a saying that “human has no contentment”. As the environment changes, we
continuously grow and find ways to make maximize our effort as we live. It is very
evident in the different stages of human cultural evolution: Palaeolithic Period,
Neolithic Period, and Age of Metal.

The term “Palaeolithic” was coined by archaeologist John Lubbock in 1865. It is

derived the from Greek word, palaios, which means "old"; and, lithos, "stone", In
short, the Palaeolithic Period, which happened 2.5 million years ago, is also known
as "Old Stone Age".

In the Palaeolithic period, the Earth was extremely cold and ocean levels were much
lower than they are now. Due to the cold climate, much of the Stone Age is also called
the Ice Age.

During these years, people

were nomads and able to use
simple tools and weapons
made of unpolished stone.
The caves served as their
shelter.

Similarly, this was the time

when people discovered to
use the fire, through the use of stone, for their protection against cold temperature
and to cook their own food.

Human beings in this time were grouped together in small societies such as bands,
and subsisted by gathering plants and fishing, hunting or scavenging wild animals.
Also in this era, according to study of Dr. Jesus T. Peralta of NCCA, respect is given
to age, and individual prowess and ability are recognized. There are no leaders that
could be said to be above everybody else and whose commands are obeyed without
question. In some cases, one who is known for good decisions is consulted when a
problem arises; or well-known hunter will be asked to lead a hunting group.

Likewise, the term “Neolithic” also comes from the same archaeologist and from the
Greek word “neo” which means new and “lithos” meaning stone or in short, the “New
Stone Age” which was happened for about 10,000 B.C.In this period, the Cro Magnon
disappeared and the new people who are considered the modern man appeared.

The Neolithic Revolution is also called as

the First Agricultural Revolution. During this
period, there was a wide-scale transition of
many human cultures from a lifestyle of hunting
and gathering to of agriculture and settlement
kind of society which eventually led to population
increase. People depend on domesticated plants
and animals. They learned to create such crafts
as pottery and weaving. They likewise developed
boat as means of transportation and for fishing
as well.

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 From being nomads during the early stage, human began to
develop a sedentary type of society of which they built-up
villages and towns.

Furthermore, they were never contented of their

accomplishments. They kept on discovering things for their
own convenience. So, they discovered metals, and they
gradually abandoned stone as the basic element for their
instrument and tools

This period was known as Age of Metals (4000 B.C – 1500 B.C). The used of metal
such as bronze, copper, and iron produced a new historical development from the
cradle civilization of Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia including the India, and China
which later spread throughout Asia.

There were three stages distinguished within this Age due to the different types of
metals that were used: The Copper Age, the Bronze Age and the Iron Age; copper was
the first known metal, it is of a low hardness and it was used to make ornaments;
bronze is an alloy of copper and tin and it is harder and stronger than copper. Several
eastern Mediterranean peoples discovered this metallurgy and progressed rapidly.

During this age, agricultural tools were developed with bronze, such as plows and
sickles, military weapons like swords, spears and shields, as well as household
utensils like jars, bowls and cups. Likewise, a more developed social, cultural,
political, and economic system were improved. Tribes, empires, and state were
recognized at this point.

EARLY CIVILIZATION and RISE of the STATE

Ancient State and Civilization
One of the earliest states and civilizations was found in the Fertile Crescent which is
known as the Mesopotamian civilization. The word Mesopotamia is a Greek word for
“Land between two rivers” which is often referred to as the cradle of civilization. It is
the region of the Western Asia located between the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. It is
known as the Fertile Crescent where the first evidence of agriculture was also found.

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Here the first human civilizations were taking the earliest steps from hunter-gatherer
society into settled community.

Moreover, it is in Mesopotamia that the history writing appeared as early as over

5,000 years ago. This invention was so important that it marks the end of the
Prehistory, and the beginning of history. One of the first writing systems, the
Cuneiform, is one of the most important civilizations in the history of Mesopotamian
culture.

Every city in Mesopotamia had its own government, rulers, warriors, patron god, and
functioned like an independent country. Mesopotamian cities were Ur, Uruk, Kish,
Lagesh. There is a temple at the center of each city called a ziggurat (a massive,
tiered, pyramid-shaped structure).

There was also what we called Mesopotamian warrior-gods(2.400-2.500 B.C.)who

govern and protect the people under its government. Military commanders
eventually became monarch creating a new structure of government called a
Dynasty. It is a series of rulers descending from a single-family line. The Akkadian
Empire lasted about 200 years. In the year 2350–2150 B.C, Babylonian Empire
overtook Sumerians around 2000 B.C., and they built capital, the Babylon, on
Euphrates River.

Another ancient states and civilizations was the Egyptian civilization. It emerged
more than 5,000 years ago along the River Nile in the north-east of Africa. The
Ancient Egyptians lived near the River Nile because of its fertile land suitable for
growing crops and domestication of animals. Each year, water from the Nile rose and
flooded the area. When the water went back, it left mud that made the fields fertile.

Egyptians called their king a pharaoh. The pharaoh was all- powerful: He passed
laws, He ruled the country, He owned most of the land, and He controlled trade and
led the armies. Egyptians believed that the pharaohs were gods.

Modern State and Civilization

In the European continent, several states and civilization grew tremendously over
centuries. In England, around 1500s, most of the people lived in small villages. They
paid tithes to their feudal landlords. Henry VII won the War of the Roses in England,
which led into what is known as the Tudor dynasty, and begun the development of
the English nation-state.

In Spain in the year 1492, Spanish monarchs Ferdinand and Isabella took Spain
back from the Muslim. It became the era of Spain as a global power.

In France, Louis XIV of France created an absolute monarchy. France became the
dominant power in Europe. When The French Revolution broke out, it created the
modern French nation-state, which sparked nationalism around Europe.

In 1914, when various nation-states started to claim their power and superiority over
all the nations in the world, the World War I begununtil1918. In 1919, Treaty of
Versailles ended the World War I. It divided several multinational empires that led to
the creation of several new nation-states.

In 1939, the World War II started until 1945. The end of World War II led to the
formation of United Nations in 1945.

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The State of the People: Democratic State
In the recent decade after the two World Wars, people are becoming more active in
their government and state affairs, in which people become the source of political
power and government rules. This evolution in the government is known as the
process of democratization, or simply democracy – the rule of the people.

Democratization is the transition to a more democratic political regime, including

substantive political changes moving in a democratic direction. It may be the
transition from an authoritarian regime to a full democracy, a transition from an
authoritarian political system to a semi-democracy or transition from a semi-
authoritarian political system to a democratic political system. What is a democracy?
Moreover, a democracy is a form of government where the citizens of the nation have
the power to vote.

Activity 3: Beyond Walls

As a senior high school student, you are already aware of the type of government
we have in the Philippines. Let’s find out how you understand democracy? Explain
the following based on your knowledge, readings, and experiences.

Guide Questions: As a student….

1. What are the things that a

democracy must provide?

2. Why is democracy a better form

of government?

3. What can you expect from the

government practicing
democracy?

Types of Democracy
There are several different types of democracies;

(1) Representative democracy is a system where citizens choose government

representatives among their citizens,

(2) Direct democracy is when the citizens form a governing body and vote directly
on issues,

(3) Constitutional democracy limits the powers of government through the nation’s
constitution.

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 What’s More

ARTICLE READING 101

Read the article entitled “A Settled Life”. Analyze how the ancient cultural and
socio-political features developed and impact our present period. Then, be able to
answer the succeeding guide questions.

A Settled Life
Dr. Senta German

When people think of the Neolithic era, they often think of Stonehenge, the iconic
image of this early era. Dating to approximately 3000 B.C.E. and set on Salisbury
Plain in England, it is a structure larger and more complex than anything built before
it in Europe. Stonehenge is an example of the cultural advances brought about by
the Neolithic revolution—the most important development in human history. The
way we live today, settled in homes, close to other people in towns and cities,
protected by laws, eating food grown on farms, and with leisure time to learn, explore
and invent is all a result of the Neolithic revolution, which occurred approximately
11,500-5,000 years ago. The revolution which led to our way of life was the
development of the technology needed to plant and harvest crops and to domesticate
animals.
Before the Neolithic revolution, it's likely you would have lived with your extended
family as a nomad, never staying anywhere for more than a few months, always living
in temporary shelters, always searching for food and never owning anything you
couldn’t easily pack in a pocket or a sack. The change to the Neolithic way of life was
huge and led to many of the pleasures
(lots of food,friends and a comfortable
home) that we still enjoy
today.(Stonehenge, c. 3,000 B.C.E.,
Salisbury Plain, England)

Neolithic Art. The massive changes in

the way people lived also changed the
types of art they made. Neolithic
sculpture became bigger, in part,
because people didn’t have to carry it around anymore; pottery became more
widespread and was used to store food harvested from farms. This is when alcohol
was first produced and when architecture, and its vivid interior and exterior
decoration, first appears. In short, people settle down and begin to live in one place,
year after year.
It seems very unlikely that Stonehenge could have been made by earlier,
Paleolithic, nomads. It would have been a waste to invest so much time and energy
building a monument in a place to which they might never return or might only
return infrequently. After all, the effort to build it was extraordinary. Stonehenge

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is approximately 320 feet in circumference and the stones which compose the outer
ring weigh as much as 50 tons; the small stones, weighing as much as 6 tons, were
quarried from as far away as 450 miles. The use or meaning of Stonehenge is not
clear, but the design, planning and execution could have only been carried out by a
culture in which authority was unquestioned. Here is a culture that was able to rally
hundreds of people to perform very hard work for extended periods of time. This is
another characteristic of the Neolithic era.
Source: Dr. Senta German, A Settled Life:https://www.khanacademy.org 2020

I have analyzed…
Guide Questions: I think that…
Example: Example
The Stonehenge tries to showcase that even
What does the Stonehenge is trying
before they had already their cultural
to tell this modern era?
advancement, which, in this modern age can
further develop such as the technologies.

a. Vividly envision the

Stonehenge. Imagine how they
built it. Could you say that
early people were physically fit
and prepared as we are today?

b. How did ancient humans end

their “being nomads”?
c. Looking at the “lens” of
Stonehenge, how will you
describe the kind of socio-
political way?
d. Why is Neolithic Revolution
considered as the most
important development in
human history?

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 What I Have Learned

To sum up what you have learned. Complete the following phrases

3 Thoughts I have learned… 2 Things I want to remember…

____________________________________ ____________________________________
____________________________________ ____________________________________
____________________________________ ____________________________________

1 Question I have in mind…

_________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________

Life as a Symbol…
(Briefly explain how the symbol would influence yourself to live a better life
(Draw a symbol of life):
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________

What I Can Do

A Better Me in My Society

As a millennial and a Filipino youth, how will you respond and

adapt to this changing world where people and society have
indeed developed and became more advanced than before?
However, consider some circumstances that are hooked on it.

#I WILL SURVIVE!
Fill in the blank to complete your pledge to continue the legacies of our ancestors.

As a human being, I understand that people need to change to survive. Hence, I will
try to ___________________, ______________________, and _____________________ to
continuously grow as a student. I will do my best to ______________________________
and ___________________ all cultural properties which I believe are part of my
country’s legacy. I will also render all possible help to __________________________ and
__________________ our society and history as well.

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 Assessment

Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheet of
paper.

1. During the earliest stage cultural evolution of nomadic people, they hunt and
gather foods to stay alive and they learn to make a sedentary lifestyle in the
Neolithic period. Which statement tells the accomplishment of human in the
Neolithic period?
a. Live in a cave
b. Used unpolished stone tools
c. Used metals to upgrade tools
d. Domesticate plants and animals
2. The Age of Metal produced a new historical development from the cradle
civilization of Egypt, Mesopotamia, Persia including the India, and China which
later on spread throughout Asia. Which type of metal were the earliest known
by human?
a. Iron
b. Bronze
c. Copper
d. Aluminum
3. There are three notable stages in the human cultural evolution. Which
statement tells the correct timeline of these evolutions?
a. Age of Metal, Neolithic Period, Paleolithic Period
b. Neolithic Period, Paleolithic Period, Age of Metal
c. Paleolithic Period, Age of Metal, Neolithic Period
d. Paleolithic Period, Neolithic Period, Age of Metal
4. From being nomads during the early stage, human began to developed a
sedentary type of society of which they built-up villages and towns. In which
era has these evolutions happens?
a. Age of Bronze
b. Age of Copper
c. Neolithic Period
d. Paleolithic Perio
5. The most significant evolution in Paleolithic period is when people discovered
the use of fire. In the Neolithic period is when human learned to domesticate
plants and animals, which is known to be the First Agricultural Revolution. In
the Age of Metal is the discovery of people in using metal as their tools, thus,
the Age of Metal is identified as:
a. Stone Revolution
b. Metal Civilization
c. Rise of Civilization
d. Agricultural Revolution
6. How were the first modern humans (Homo sapiens) different from any other
hominid species?
a. They had large brains
b. They lived outside of Africa
c. They used symbolic thought
d. They used and controlled fire

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Module 4
7. In the history of human social evolution, what group of people was skillful at
hunting and butchering animals?
a. Homo sapien
b. Homo habilis
c. Homo erectus
d. Australopithecus Homo sapien
8. In the history of human civilization in which people started to develop their society,
where did the world’s first Civilization develop?
a. Crete
b. Egypt
c. Mesopotamia
d. Eastern China
9. From the different kind of government in various societies, what is a form of
government where the citizens of the nation have the power to vote?
a. Capitalism
b. Aristocracy
c. Democracy
d. Bureaucracy
10. In the context of European historical society, which of the following DOES NOT
happened during pre -1500’s?
a. The French Revolution
b. The hundred year’s war started.
c. The era of Spain as a global power begins
d. Henry VII wins the War of the Roses in England, begins the Tudor
dynasty, and starts the development of the English nation-state.
11. In the history of war, the nations started to claim their power and supremacy over the
nations. Which treaty ends the World War I and breaks several multi-rational empires?
a. Treaty of Versailles
b. Treaty of Neuilly-sur-Seine
c. Faisal-Weizmann agreement
d. Treaty of Versailles Treaty of Saint-Germain enLaye
12. Democracy is a type of government in which the people elect their leader in the
government position. Direct democracy is the system in which...
a. Senior political leaders are known as 'Directors'.
b. Citizens represent themselves in the decision-making process.
c. Citizens choose their representatives in free and fair elections.
d. Citizens are allowed to debate with their representatives in open public
meetings.
13. Which statement most accurately describes how geography affected the growth of
the ancient civilizations of Egypt and Mesopotamia?
a. Large deserts provided many mineral deposits.
b. Access to the Atlantic Ocean provided trade routes.
c. River valleys provided rich soil to grow plentiful crops.
d. Large Savannah areas provided protection from invaders.
14. Which geographic feature was common to the development of civilizations in
ancient Egypt, China, India, and Mesopotamia?
a. deserts
b. mountains
c. rain forests
d. river valleys
15. In the context of ancient civilization, which factor led to the development of
civilizations in ancient Mesopotamia?
a. political harmony
b. favorable geography
c. religious differences
d. universal education

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 Additional Activities

Agree or Disagree Matrix

This activity aims to know how you react to the following facts discussed in the
lesson. Read each statement and decide whether you agree or disagree with it. Write
your point of view with the column of your answer. Provide a brief explanation for
your choice of answer in the space provided.

AGREE STATEMENTS DISAGREE

1. In the early times,

people did not learn
and develop any
advancement in their
living.

2. Ancient societies,
specifically during
the Early civilization
had ruled by great
leaders.

3. “Human has no
contentment”

4. Human culture has

nothing to do with
human adaptation

5. Early cultural and

socio-political
undertakings can
never be developed
or improved.

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Module 4
 Module 4
CO_Q1_UCSP SHS 21
Activity 1
What I Know Assessment The Iceman and the Alps
1. D 1. D Answer may vary
2. C 2. C
3. D 3. D
4. D 4. A
5. C 5. A Activity 2
6. A 6. B
The 3-in-1 Learning Station
7. B 7. C
8. B 8. D Answer may vary
9. B 9. D
10. D 10. D
11. B 11. B
12. A 12. D Activity 3
13. A 13. B
14. D 14. D Beyond Walls
15. A 15. B
Answer may vary
Answer Key
References
Medium.com. “The Four Major Ancient Mesopotamian Civilization.’’ Accessed
May 25, 2020. www.Medium.com
Slideshare‘’The Iceman: A Historical Inquiry.’’ Accessed May 25, 2020
.www.Slideshare.net
Slideshare‘’Early Civilizations’’Accessed May 25, 2020. www.slideshare.net
Slideshare.’’The Human Society’’ Accessed May 26, 2020.www.slideshare.net
Sparknotes. “The Rise of Nation-state.’’ Accessed May 26,
2020.www.sparknotes.com
World Population View.”Democracy Countries 2020.’’ Accessed May 26, 2020.
www.woldpopulationview.com

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Module 4
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