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Changes in Reported speech

TENSE BACKSHIFT
PRESENT SIMPLE PAST SIMPLE
She always wears a coat. He said that she always wore a coat.
PRESENT CONTINUOUS PAST CONTINUOUS
I’m looking for my keys. He said that he was looking for his keys.
PAST SIMPLE PAST PERFECT
My friend gave me some chocolate. He said that his friend had given him some chocolate.
PAST CONTINUOUS PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
We were living in London. They said that they had been living in London.
PRESENT PERFECT PAST PERFECT
She has written three letters. She said that she had written three letters.
WILL WOULD
I will finish my report in two days. He said that he would finish his report in two days.
CAN COULD
I can speak English. She said that she could speak English.
MAY MIGHT
I may invite them to the dinner. She said that she might invite them to the dinner.
MUST MUST/HAD TO
I must go to the bank today. She said that she had to go to the bank that day.

Time and place changes


NOW THEN
The children are playing now. He said that the children were playing then.
TODAY THAT DAY
I’ve got piano lessons today. He said that she had got piano lessons that day.
TOMORROW THE FOLLOWING DAY / THE DAY AFTER
I will leave for NYC tomorrow. She said that she would leave for NYC the next day.
YESTERDAY THE PREVIOUS DAY / THE DAY BEFORE
Our teacher got ill yesterday. They said that their teacher had got ill the day before.
NEXT WEEK THE FOLLOWING WEEK / THE WEEK AFTER
I have a meeting next week. She said that she had a meeting the following week.
LAST WEEK THE PREVIOUS WEEK / THE WEEK BEFORE
There was a flood last week He said that there had been a flood the previous week.
TONIGHT THAT NIGHT
I’m going to the pub tonight. She said she was going to the pub that night.
AGO BEFORE
The package came 2 days ago. She said that the package had come 2 days before.
HERE THERE
I want to stay here. He said he wanted to stay there.
THIS THAT
We don’t have class in this place. They said that they didn’t have class in that place.
THESE THOSE
These are my favorite jeans. He said that those were his favorite jeans.

Changes in pronouns
I / MY / ME HE/SHE / HIS/HER / HIM/HER
I love my new t-shirt on me. He said that he loved his new t-shirt on him.
WE / OUR / OURS THEY / THEIR / THEIRS
We lost our dog. They said that they had lost their dog.

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