Experience of Gaskets in

Liquid Chlorine and Dry or Wet Chlorine Gas

Service

GEST 94/216

4th Edition

June 2013

EURO CHLOR PUBLICATION

This document can be obtained from:

EURO CHLOR - Avenue E. Van Nieuwenhuyse 4, Box 2 - B-1160 BRUSSELS
E-mail: eurochlor@cefic.be Internet: http://www.eurochlor.org
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Euro Chlor

Euro Chlor is the European federation which represents the producers of chlorine
and its primary derivatives.

Euro Chlor is working to:

 improve awareness and understanding of the contribution that chlorine

chemistry has made to the thousands of products, which have improved
our health, nutrition, standard of living and quality of life;
 maintain open and timely dialogue with regulators, politicians,
scientists, the media and other interested stakeholders in the debate
on chlorine;
 ensure our industry contributes actively to any public, regulatory or
scientific debate and provides balanced and objective science-based
information to help answer questions about chlorine and its derivatives;
 promote the best safety, health and environmental practices in the
manufacture, handling and use of chlor-alkali products in order to
assist our members in achieving continuous improvements (Responsible
Care).

***********

This document has been produced by the members of Euro Chlor and should not be reproduced in
whole or in part without the prior written consent of Euro Chlor.

It is intended to give only guidelines and recommendations. The information is provided in good
faith and was based on the best information available at the time of publication. The
information is to be relied upon at the user’s own risk. Euro Chlor and its members make no
guarantee and assume no liability whatsoever for the use and the interpretation of or the
reliance on any of the information provided.

This document was originally prepared in English by our technical experts. For our members’
convenience, it may have been translated into other EU languages by translators / Euro Chlor
members. Although every effort was made to ensure that the translations were accurate, Euro
Chlor shall not be liable for any losses of accuracy or information due to the translation process.

Prior to 1990, Euro Chlor’s technical activities took place under the name BITC (Bureau
International Technique du Chlore). References to BITC documents may be assumed to be to
Euro Chlor documents.

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RESPONSIBLE CARE IN ACTION

Chlorine is essential in the chemical industry and consequently there is a need

for chlorine to be produced, stored, transported and used. The chlorine industry
has co-operated over many years to ensure the well-being of its employees, local
communities and the wider environment. This document is one in a series which
the European producers, acting through Euro Chlor, have drawn up to promote
continuous improvement in the general standards of health, safety and the
environment associated with chlorine manufacture in the spirit of Responsible
Care.

The voluntary recommendations, techniques and standards presented in these

documents are based on the experiences and best practices adopted by member
companies of Euro Chlor at their date of issue. They can be taken into account in
full or partly, whenever companies decide it individually, in the operation of
existing processes and in the design of new installations. They are in no way
intended as a substitute for the relevant national or international regulations
which should be fully complied with.

It has been assumed in the preparation of these publications that the users will
ensure that the contents are relevant to the application selected and are
correctly applied by appropriately qualified and experienced people for whose
guidance they have been prepared. The contents are based on the most
authoritative information available at the time of writing and on good
engineering, medical or technical practice but it is essential to take account of
appropriate subsequent developments or legislation. As a result, the text may be
modified in the future to incorporate evolution of these and other factors.

This edition of the document has been drawn up by the Equipment Working
Group to whom all suggestions concerning possible revision should be addressed
through the offices of Euro Chlor.

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Summary of the Main Modifications in this version

Section Nature
All Removal of references to asbestos gaskets (not allowed anymore)
1. Inclusion of positive experience of single companies
New paragraph on additional precautions specific to PTFE based
2.
gaskets installation
Tables Update of information

Table of contents

1. INTRODUCTION 5
2. GENERAL REMARKS 5
2.1. PTFE 6
2.2. GRAPHITE 6
2.3. ARAMID FIBRE 6
2.4. CARBON FIBRE 6

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1. INTRODUCTION

The guideline deliberately covers only materials which have been used
successfully by at least one Euro Chlor company for more than 2 years without
any negative feedback from other companies. It is recognised that this table is
not exhaustive and that there can be good experience with materials not
covered in this guideline, or with a wider range of operating conditions.

The limits quoted should be taken as a guide rather than being treated as
accurately defined.

Pre installation inspections should include flange face condition, flange

alignment (offset and angular misalignment), gasket condition and stud/nut
condition. At installation it is critical that a suitable gasket seating stress is
reached, whilst not overloading the gasket, as well as ensuring that a suitable
bolt tightening pattern is followed an the experienced installer. The gasket
seating stress may be controlled using a torque wrench, although consideration
should be given to the fact that these tools typically give a seat stress accuracy
of +/-30%.

Training of the personnel who install gaskets is a critical component of a leak-

free assembly.

2. GENERAL REMARKS

Rubber gaskets should never be used on dry gaseous or liquid chlorine.

The temperature and pressure (absolute) ranges given are tested operating
values. Manufacturers may rate gasket materials for different ranges.

Gaskets must be installed in accordance with manufacturer’s instructions. The

bolted flange design, condition, installation method and process duty are all
critical to the success in service, as well as the material selected.

Note: PTFE-based gasket materials tend to exhibit some creep relaxation after
installation. The impact of this can be minimised by:
 ensuring the correct gramophone finish of the flange is used as
specified by the gasket manufacturer (the grooves help prevent gasket
flow)
 lubricating the bolts with a fluorinated grease or similar grease (non-
reactive with chlorine) to better control the torque.
 re-tightening the bolts some time after installation if required by the
gasket manufacturer;

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Note: sometimes grease is used to help retain the gasket in position during the
assembling work; this practice is not recommended as the reduction in friction
at the gasket surface increases the likelihood of creep and blow-out; special
materials exist to temporarily immobilise gaskets.

When possible, the installation of flange shields should be avoided to allow for
easy detection of possible small leak.

Good practice to avoid installing an incorrect gasket is to use a colour coding (on
the circumference) for the different types of gaskets.

Gasket thicknesses trialled are as follows.

2.1. PTFE
 The gasket thickness varies between 1.5 and 3.2 mm.

2.2. GRAPHITE
 The gasket thickness varies between 1.5 and 3.0 mm.

2.3. ARAMID FIBRE

 The gasket thickness is standard 2.0 mm.

 The gasket thickness is at least 3.0 mm for gaskets with a steel jacket.

2.4. CARBON FIBRE

 The gasket thickness is standard 2.0 mm.

 The gasket thickness is at least 3.0 mm for gaskets with a steel foil
bordered to the smaller diameter.

Remark: graphite gaskets are usually impregnated for corrosion inhibition but
not all impregnation material are resistant to chlorine; great care must be taken
and only field test can confirm the reliability of the material chosen.

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PTFE GASKETS ON LIQUID AND DRY CHLORINE GAS SERVICE (1/2)

Flange Pipe/flange Pipe Temperature Pressure Range Experience

Make Flange type Chlorine
Assembly material diameter Range (°C) (bars abs.) since

Flexitallic Sigma 501 Raised face DIN Carbon steel 1” to 20” Gaseous 14 to 20 1 2000
Tongue &
Flexitallic Sigma 501 DIN Carbon steel 1” to 6” Liquid -40 to 10 6 to 16 2000
groove
ASA 150 &
Frenzelit Novaflon 200 Raised face Carbon steel 1” to 20” Liquid -28 to 30 9 2008
300
Tongue &
Frenzelit Novaflon 200 ASA 600 Carbon steel 1” to 4” Liquid -28 to 30 16 2008
groove
Garlock Gylon 3501E Raised face DIN Carbon steel 1” to 20” Gaseous 14 to 20 1 2005
Tongue &
Garlock Gylon3501E DIN Carbon steel 1” to 6” Liquid -40 to 10 6 to 16 2005
groove
Garlock Gylon 3504 –
Raised face ASA 300 Carbon steel 1” to 16” Gaseous 80 4 2003
blue
Garlock Gylon 3504 –
Raised face ASA 150 Carbon steel 2” to 16” Gaseous 20 to 80 3 2003
blue
Garlock Gylon 3504 – Tongue &
PN 25 Carbon steel 1” to 16” Gaseous 80 4 2003
blue groove
Garlock Gylon 3504 –
Flat face BST “E” Carbon steel 1” to 6” Gaseous 20 to 100 0.8 to 3 2001
blue
Garlock Gylon 3504 – ASA 150 /
Raised face Carbon steel 1” to 24” Gaseous 20 to 100 1 to 6 2001
blue BST “E”
Garlock Gylon 3504 –
Raised face ASA 300 Carbon steel 1” to 4” Liquid -20 to 120 1 to 12 2001
blue
Garlock Gylon 3504 – Tongue &
PN 40 Carbon steel 1” to 6” Liquid -20 to 20 4 2003
blue groove
Gore GR Raised face DIN Carbon steel 48” to 80” Gaseous 50 1.5 2005
Gore Universal Pipe
Raised face DIN Carbon steel 1” to 3” Liquid 30 11 2005
Gaskets (Style 800)

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PTFE GASKETS ON LIQUID AND DRY CHLORINE GAS SERVICE (2/2)

Flange Pipe/flange Pipe Temperature Pressure Range Experience

Make Flange type Chlorine
Assembly material diameter Range (°C) (bars abs.) since

Klinger TopChem 2003 Raised face ASA 300 Carbon steel 1” to 4” Liquid -20 to 120 1 to 12 2001
Tongue &
Klinger TopChem 2003 BST “H” Carbon steel 4” to 6” Liquid -20 to 20 1 to 30 2001
groove
Klinger TopChem 2003 Flat face BST “E” Carbon steel 1” to 6” Gaseous 20 to 100 0.8 to 3 2001
ASA 150 BST
Klinger TopChem 2003 Raised face Carbon steel 1” to 24” Gaseous 20 to 100 1 to 6 2001
“E”
PN 10 & PN
Siem Supranite PGAC Raised Face Carbon steel 1” to 12” Gaseous 50 1 to 5 1997
16
Tongue &
Siem Supranite PGAC PN 50 Carbon steel 1” Gaseous 20 10 2005
groove
Tongue & PTFE/Carbon
Siem Supranite PGAC PN 16 3” Gaseous 50 14 1991
groove steel
Tongue &
Siem Supranite PGAC PN 25 Carbon steel 1” to 16” Gaseous 80 8 2004
groove
Tongue &
Siem Supranite PGAC PN 40 Carbon steel 3” Liquid -20 to 20 3 to 6 1997
groove
Tongue &
Siem Supranite PGAC PN 40 Carbon steel 1” to 4” Liquid -20 to 20 20 2004
groove

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ARAMIDE FIBRE GASKETS ON LIQUID AND DRY CHLORINE GAS SERVICE

Pipe/flange Pipe Temperature Pressure range Experience

Make Flange assembly Flange type Chlorine
material diameter range (°C) (bars abs.) since
Gaseous & On railcars
Klinger Sil C4400 Raised face PN 40 Carbon steel 2“ to 20” -20 to 30 1 to 11
liquid < 2001
Reinz AFM 34 Raised face PN 25/DIN Carbon steel 1” to 16” Gaseous 0 to 10 1 to 6 1998

Reinz AFM 34 Tonge & groove PN 40/DIN Carbon steel 1” to 12” Gaseous 10 to 100 6 to 9 1998
Carbon steel
Reinz AFM 34 Tonge & groove PN 40/DIN 1” to 12” Liquid -80 to 20 1 to 26 1998
(TT)
1997
Reinz AFM 54 Flat face PN 40 Stainless steel 1” to 12” Liquid -33 to 20 1 to 11 Canned pumps
back bearing

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GRAPHITE FIBRE GASKETS ON LIQUID AND DRY CHLORINE GAS SERVICE

Flange Pipe/flange Pipe Temperature Pressure range Experience

Make Flange type Chlorine
assembly material diameter range (°C) (bars abs.) since
Kempchen Egraflex
Steeflon VA-with
Raised Face ASA 150/300 Carbon steel 2” to 10” Gaseous 10 to 120 0.01 to .5 2004
inner and outer
eyelet
Kempchen Egraflex
Steeflon VA-with inner Raised Face ASA 150/300 Carbon steel 2” to 4” Liquid -34 to 20 1 to 12 2004
and outer eyelet

Klinger PSM-AS (316 1” to 24”

Raised face ASA 150 Carbon steel Gaseous 15 to 100 1 to 6 2001
tanged insert)

Klinger PSM-AS (316 1” to 24“

Raised face ASA 300 Carbon steel Gaseous 15 to 100 1 to 15 2001
tanged insert)

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OTHER GASKETS ON LIQUID AND DRY CHLORINE GAS SERVICE (1/2)

Flange Pipe/flange Pipe Temperature Pressure range Experience

Make Flange type Chlorine
assembly material diameter range (°C) (bars abs.) since

Eynard Robin EPDM Flat face PN 10 FRP 1” to 40’ Gaseous 50 1 < 2003

Eynard Robin Hypalon Raised face PN 10 FRP PVC 1” to 16” Gaseous 20 0.8 < 2003

Eynard Robin 1” to 16”

Flat face PN 10 FRP PVC Gaseous 20 2 < 2003
Solft PVC

Klinger Maxiprofile
Raised face ASA 150 Carbon steel 1” to 20” Gaseous 20 to 100 0.6 to 11 2001
type 109

Klinger Maxiprofile
Raised face ASA 150/600 Carbon steel 1” to 20” Gaseous 20 to 100 0.8 to 15 2001
type 109

ASA
Klinger Maxiprofile Carbon steel/
Raised face 150/600/BS 1” to 6” Liquid -33 to 20 1 to 15 2001
type 109 Monel
T “H”
ASA
Klinger Maxiprofile Carbon steel Gaseous &
Raised face 150/600/BS 1” to 8” -35 to 150 1 to 30 2001
type 109 (nickel core) /Monel liquid
T “H”
Klinger Maxiprofile Tongue &
BST “H” Carbon steel 4’ to 6” Liquid -33 to 20 0.6 to 13 2001
type 109 groove

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OTHER GASKETS ON LIQUID AND DRY CHLORINE GAS SERVICE (2/2)

Flange Pipe/flange Pipe Temperature Pressure range Experience

Make Flange type Chlorine
assembly material diameter range (°C) (bars abs.) Since

Klinger Maxiprofile Tongue &

BST “H” Carbon steel 4” to 6” Liquid -33 to 20 2.6 to 11 2001
type 109 groove
James Walker Norge AS
Cam Profile Raised face DIN Carbon steel 1” to 14” Gaseous -10 to 120 5 to 6 2005
SS 316 + PTFE

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GASKETS ON WET CHLORINE GAS SERVICE

Flange Flange Pipe/flange Temperature range Pressure range Experience

Type Make Pipe diameter
assembly type material (°C) (bars abs.) since

On PVC/GRP
ASA 150
Flat and and Rubber
EPDM Miscellaneous PN10/P 1” to 24” 20 to 80 0.8 to 1.3 ~1980
Raised Face Lined Carbon
N16
Steel
Gore Universal
2” to 24”
PTFE Pipe Gaskets Raised face ASA 150 Ti gr 2 15 to 80 0.2 to 5 2004
(Style 800)
Gore Universal
2” to 32“
PTFE Pipe Gaskets Raised face ASA 150 FRP 15 to 80 0.2 to 5 2004
(Style 800)
Gore Universal
PTFE Pipe Gaskets Raised face ASA 150 PTFE lined CS 2“ to 6” 15 to 80 0.2 to 5 2004
(Style 800)
Gore Universal
PTFE Pipe Gaskets Raised face DIN 25 FRP CPVC/Ti 150 mm 15 to 90 0.2 to 1.5 2005
(Style 800)

Siem Supranite
PTFE Raised face PN 10 FRP/PVDF 1” to 20” 50 to 80 1.5 2004
PGLS

Siem Supranite
PTFE Raised face PN 10 FRP/PVC 1” to 20” 50 to 80 0 to 2 2004
PGLS

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Industrial consumers of chlorine, engineering and equipment supply companies

worldwide and chlorine producers outside Europe may establish a permanent
relationship with Euro Chlor by becoming Associate Members or Technical
Correspondents.

Details of membership categories and fees are available from:

Euro Chlor
Avenue E Van Nieuwenhuyse 4
Box 2
B-1160 Brussels
Belgium

Tel: +32 2 676 7211

Fax: +32 2 676 7241
e-mail: eurochlor@cefic.be
Internet: http://www.eurochlor.org

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