SOFT7008

Server Side Programming

PHP-03
Working with Numbers
Operator Operation Example Result

++

--
Operator Operation Example Result

+ Addition 3+2 5

++

--
Operator Operation Example Result

+ Addition 3+2 5

- Subtraction 7-3 4

++

--
Operator Operation Example Result

+ Addition 3+2 5

- Subtraction 7-3 4

* Multiplication 7*3 21

++

--
Operator Operation Example Result

+ Addition 3+2 5

- Subtraction 7-3 4

* Multiplication 7*3 21

/ Division 45 / 5 9

++

--
Operator Operation Example Result

+ Addition 3+2 5

- Subtraction 7-3 4

* Multiplication 7*3 21

/ Division 45 / 5 9

% Modulus 27 % 5 2

++

--
Operator Operation Example Result

+ Addition 3+2 5

- Subtraction 7-3 4

* Multiplication 7*3 21

/ Division 45 / 5 9

% Modulus 27 % 5 2

++ Increment 27 ++ 28

--
Operator Operation Example Result

+ Addition 3+2 5

- Subtraction 7-3 4

* Multiplication 7*3 21

/ Division 45 / 5 9

% Modulus 27 % 5 2

++ Increment 27 ++ 28

-- Decrement 27 -- 26
Operator Operation Example Result

+ Addition 3+2 5

- Subtraction 7-3 4

* Multiplication 7*3 21

/ Division 45 / 5 9

% Modulus 27 % 5 2

++ Increment 27 ++ 28

-- Decrement 27 -- 26
<?php

$a = 3;

$b = 5;

$x = $a + $b;

echo $x;

?>
<?php

$a = 3; $a 3

$b = 5;

$x = $a + $b;

echo $x;

?>
<?php

$a = 3; $a 3

$b = 5; $b 5

$x = $a + $b;

echo $x;

?>
<?php

$a = 3; $a 3

$b = 5; $b 5

$x = $a + $b; 8

echo $x;

?>
<?php

$a = 3; $a 3

$b = 5; $b 5

$x = $a + $b; 8
$x 8
echo $x;

?>
<?php

$a = 3; $a 3

$b = 5; $b 5

$x = $a + $b; 8
$x 8
echo $x;

?>
8
<?php

$a = 3; $a 3

$b = 5; $b 5

$x = $a + $b; 8
$x 8
echo $x;

?>
8
<?php

$a = 3;

$a = $a + 1;

echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 3
$a = 3;

$a = $a + 1;

echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 3
$a = 3;

$a = $a + 1; 4
echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 4
$a = 3;

$a = $a + 1; 4
echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 4
$a = 3;

$a = $a + 1; 4
echo $a; 4
?>
<?php

$a = 3;

$a++;

echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 3
$a = 3;

$a++;

echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 4
$a = 3;

$a++;

echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 4
$a = 3;

$a++;

echo $a; 4
?>
<?php

$a = 3;

echo $a++;

?>
<?php $a 3

$a = 3;

echo $a++;

?>
<?php $a 3

$a = 3;

echo $a++;
4
?>
<?php $a 4

$a = 3;

echo $a++;
4
?>
 ++ change the value

<?php $a 4

$a = 3;

echo $a++;
4
?>
 ++ prefix & postfix

• $i = 3; • $i = 3;

• echo ++$i; adds 1 then prints 4 • echo $i++; prints 3 then adds 1
<?php

$a = 3;

echo $a++;

echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 3
$a = 3;

echo $a++;

echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 4
$a = 3;

echo $a++; 3
echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 4
$a = 3;

echo $a++; 3
echo $a; 4
?>
<?php
$a 4
$a = 3;

echo $a++; 3
echo $a; 4
?>
<?php

$a = 3;

echo ++$a;

echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 3
$a = 3;

echo ++$a;

echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 4
$a = 3;

echo ++$a; 4
echo $a;

?>
<?php
$a 4
$a = 3;

echo ++$a; 4
echo $a; 4
?>
<?php
$a 4
$a = 3;

echo ++$a; 4
echo $a; 4
?>
Operator Test
== equal
!= not equal
> greater than
< less than
>= greater than or equal
<= less than or equal
?: true or false
 (expression)? t_expression : f_expression ;

• ? evaluates the expression in front of it

• If that expression evaluates to true then it returns the t_expression after the ?

• If it evaluates to false it returns the f_expression expression after the :

echo ($wages > $costs) ? 'Party time!' : 'Guacamole costs extra';

Operator Boolean Operation

&& AND
A AND B A True A False

AND AND

B True TRUE FALSE

II OR

OR OR B False FALSE FALSE

! NOT
Operator Boolean Operation

&& AND
A OR B A True A False

AND AND

B True TRUE TRUE

II OR

OR OR B False TRUE FALSE

! NOT
Operator Boolean Operation

&& AND

NOT A A True A False

AND AND

II OR

FALSE TRUE
OR OR

! NOT
Boolean expressions

$umbrella = $raining AND !$lift;

$umbrella = $raining AND !$lift AND !$bus

$umbrella = $raining AND !($lift OR $bus)

$walk = $on_time && !$raining;

 Constants

• A variable stores data

• The value stored in a variable can be changed during the course of

program

• Where the value is known in advance and is (almost) never going to

change a constants should be used instead

• This is good programming practice

 Constants

• Constants do not use $ signs

define ('PI', 3.14);

• By convention we give them UPPERCASE names

• They may not be used in mixed strings

define ('VAT', 21);

• They may not be Boolean (TRUE / FALSE)