ACTIVITY # 2: SELF IN ONE LINE (55 points)

This section aims to assess your

understanding of some of the topics
covered in Week 2 through the activity
below.

Instructions: Write down the philosophical perspectives/definition

of self according to each philosopher.

Philosophers Philosophical Perspective/Definition of self

Socrates According to Socrates, self is dichotomous which means composed of two things: The
physical realm or the one that is changeable, temporal, and imperfect and the the
ideal realm is the one that is imperfect and unchanging, eternal, and immortal.

Plato According to plato the true self of human beings is the reason or the intellect that
constitutes their soul and that is separable from their body.

St. Augustine According to St.Augustine self is an individual identity. The immortal soul is distinct
from the mortal body. And also he define our body as a philosophical growth

Descartes According to Descartes our physical self define as a part of nature, Our mind and
soul is a part of the spiritual ream and the independent of the physical laws of the
universe, governed only by the laws of reason and God’s will.

Locke Personal identity, according to John Locke, is an issue of psychological continuity.

Personal identity, he said, should be based on consciousness rather than the substance
of the soul or the body

Hume The self is "something to which our various experiences and conceptions are
supposed to have a connection," according to Hume. If any impression gives rise to
the concept of self, that impression must remain constant throughout our lifetimes,
because self is supposed to exist in this fashion.

Kant According to Immanuel Kant we all have an inner and exterior self, which together
make up our consciousness. Our psychological state and rational intellect make up
our inner self. Our senses and the physical world are part of our outward self. Kant
claims that representation takes place through our senses.
Freud According to Sigmund Freud the self was separated into three levels: conscious,
preconscious, and unconscious. Despite the fact that the conscious self plays a crucial
role in our lives, it is the unconscious self that fascinates Freud the most and has the
most influence on personalities.
Ryle According to Gilbert Ryle The self is the way people behave”. The self is basically
our behavior. This concept provided the philosophical principle, “I act therefore I
am”.

Churchland According to Paul and Patricia the self is the result of brain activity and the self's
behavior can be attributed to neuropharmacological states and neural activity.

Merleau-Ponty According to Maurice Merleau-Ponty the physical body is a fundamental aspect of

the subjective self. This notion is diametrically opposed to rationalism and
empiricism. Rationalism claims that knowledge and self-awareness are founded on
reason and mental perception rather than bodily senses and experience

END OF WEEK 2

Well done on finishing Week!2