Definition

Kidney Ureters and Bladder is a diagnostic medical imaging of the abdomen and is usually
requested by the doctor to evaluate the urinary tract which includes kidneys, ureters and bladder
Assessment and Diagnostic Methods
Diagnosis is confirmed by
1. X-rays of the kidneys, ureters, and bladder (KUB) or by ultrasonography, IV urography,
or retrograde pyelography.
2. Blood chemistries and a 24hour urine test for measurement of calcium, uric acid,
creatinine, sodium, pH, and total volume.
3. Chemical analysis is performed to determine stone composition.
Why do we do KUB?
Significance of KUB is that it is performed to assess the abdominal area for causes of abdominal
pain, or to assess the organs and structures of the urinary and/or gastrointestinal (GI) system. A
KUB X-ray may be the first diagnostic procedure used to assess the urinary system.
Nursing responsibilities when dealing with KUB may include
1. They should ensure that patient bladder is full before doing the exam

Definitions
An IVP shows the kidneys, ureter, and bladder via x-ray imaging as the dye moves through the
upper and then the lower urinary system.
Significance of IVP –
a. This test lets your doctor see the size and shape of your bladder, kidneys, and ureters, and
how well they're working.
b. It is done to show the size, shape, and structure of your kidneys, ureters, and bladder, to
identify any signs of kidney disease, ureter or bladder stones.
What conditions can we diagnose using IVP?
An intravenous pyelogram may be used to help diagnose conditions that affect the urinary
tract, such as:
 Kidney stones
 Bladder stones
 Enlarged prostate
 Kidney cysts
 Urinary tract tumors
Structural kidney disorders, such as medullary sponge kidney — a birth defect of the tiny tubes
inside the kidneys
Nursing responsibility for patient performing IVP
1. Assess pt for any allergies to iodine.
2. Maintaining an existing IV infusion is a nursing responsibility that demands knowledge
of the solutions being administered and the principles of flow. In addition, patients must
be assessed care-fully for both local and systemic complications.
3. Nursing responsibility for patient performing IVP
4. Emphasize to the patient that nothing should be ingested 12 hours before the procedure.
5. Monitor vital sign
6. Examined for swelling and hematoma after IVP
7. Monitor the intake and output strictly especially the next 24 hours.