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    11 views7 pages

    Cac Dinh Ly Co Ban Cua Giai Tich Ham

    Uploaded by

    Hiển Trần

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PDF or read online from Scribd
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    C Chung 4 CAC NGUYEN LY CO BAN ‘ A. NGUYEN LY BI CHAN DU 1. Dinh ly Baire: ‘Néu kh6ng gian metric day di X c6 biéu dién X = UX, thi dn wai = ibe ny €N:X, khOng phai la tp thuta (% +0] Khi d6 3x eX, vir>0:B(xsr)oX, 2. Nguyén ly bj chin déu: Cho X 1a khéng gian Banach va Y Ia kh6ng gian dinh chudn , gid sit: Ho dnh xa tuyén tinh lién we (4,),_tdrX vao Y thda mam €X ta c6 sup| Ax] ie ae. Sat ) Bat X,={xeX/]4,x| Viel 1a c6 Ax, +r4,x] 4» (04) -a[2,(04]] >to =V (mé chifa 0) Do 46 tén tairr> 0 sao cho B, (8,r)< A[B, (4,1) ] ; Buée 2: a,(05] c A[B, (0,1)] hay A[B, (6,1) ] 18 mot lan cn eda o Tacs: vnew=a,( z)- = (arle— E apie] =a] Do 46 néu 08, s)=ee4a.(03)] =2/ (ze) Jpafac(ock ghia 1a t6n tai x08, (04) fe-aslsoe, tt gid ta ching minh + Lay yeB, (05 S)=an 08, (@ 3) b- ai 3x eUsy=Asova theo d6 t6n tai ko sao cho x+KB, (8,1) = B, (x,k)cU =y+ka[B, (6,1)] AU) suy raz (oe )-reba ler }e rete, (0,1) |< A(v), vay AW) a tap mé trong Y 2. Dinh ly vé anh xa ngud Moi song 4nh tuyén tinh lién tye gitta hai khOng gian Banach , do cing lA 4nh xa. md nén c6 4nh xq ngudc lién tye va do d6 1A mot phép dng ph6i tuyén tinh 3. Hé qua vé chudn tuong dutong : Cho (xf =) 1a mt kh6ng gian Banach , néu trén X c6 chudn_p sao cho (X,p) cing 1a khong gian Banach thi p tung dung véi |.,.] khi va chi khi p manh hon(hay yéu hea)|., } (ta cing néi p so sinh duge voi [ep Cla, avi p rvoania oan. I ew dor 0: NIN ¥ 1A anh xa tuyén tinh , khi dé dé thi cla A: G={(x,Ax)/xeX} 12 KhOng gian con cla XxY va do khéng gian dinh chuda ! khOng gian 7, nénnéu A ién tuc thi Ia G tap dong (XxY¥) 2. Dinh If (6 thi déng): Moi 4nh xa tuyén tinh gitfa hai Khdng gian Banach , néu.c6 dé thi d6ng thi lién we oO yj a Gi sit X, ¥ 1 hai khong gian Banach va A: X—>¥ 1a énh xa tuyén tinh 6 thi: G={(xAr)/xex} 18 khOng gian con d6ng cla Xx¥ Do Xx¥ 1 khong gian Banach nén G cfing IA khong gian B Anhxa P:G—>X, dinh béi P(x,Ax)=x 2 song énh myén dinh ly 4nh xa ngugc thi P.c6 anh xa nguge P" lién tic . 4 Phép chiéu p,:Xx¥ >¥ (2.(#9)=»¥(xa)exa) A=p,0P* la dnb xa lién we \ gn LY MAN - BANACH: 1 Dinh ly Hakn- Banach cho khong gian veto: Dinh . ae khong “ vects én R va AG: tea piX OR, nghia ld; P(x+2')< p(x)+ p(x’) va p(ax)=Ap(x) (Vana! eX vaA20) © Gia str X, 18 khng gian con cila X va g:X, > 1d phiém him tuyén tinh thda man didukign (x) < p(x) (vee X,) Khi d6 tén tai phiém ham tuyén tinh 6: X > _ thda mincéc digukign: + G(x)=0(x) (Wee X,) va4(x)s p(x) (VxeX) Goody ps f phobia aunt Oa si ‘ «Bead i sg : a } Gia sit As) 1a mot tap cé thif tw , mot tap con B cia A due goi h ei chuyén néu 2 phan tir cia B déu so sénh duge nia teh | Néu moi day chuyén trong A déu 6 efin trén thi A c6 pha + NGUY ae ~~ gian con iia X, chia X, va c6 phiém hai sao cho: f(x)=9(x) (VxeX,) va f(x)< p(x) (VxeY) eur 1a mOt mé rong cia g len Y ~ + Goi 9 1 tap hgp cée m8 rOngeila g , ta.e6 (¢,: inh nghia quan hé thet w: (r2)s(e2) of vai moi (f,¥) kign so sanh duge ciia cde tap {¥,/7eT} nén Za khong + Voimoi xeZ>3i,el:xe¥, dat g(x)=f (x 6 (F%) (4%) bay (AX) s(n) Aes ub. cla g Wa W * Dinh ly Haln ~ Banach tuong duving vi W =X Gia sit We X= 3a, eX va x, €W, dae (x,) 10 is fe cen sinh 6: ple Wa, wd Z=WO(x,), XG dnhxa g:Z—>R, din ddi voi mgi t=.x+Ax, eZ =WO(s,), g(z)=Ac+ F(x) ‘Trong dé ¢ 1d hing sO ma ta sé chi ra caichrchon + Trude het g 0 phim ham twyén tinh teénZ va g(x)=F(x)=9(x) (Vere X) + Tacd vee Z,a(z) Fr-Fy = F(x-y)$ p(x-y)$ 0 (x) +2)+ p(x =y), Suy rat -p(-x)-y)-Fy Ss p(x, +x)- Fr = ¢, Sc, = ¢, SeSe, (*) ) Vay néu chon hing s6'c théa mn (*) thi ¢(x)< p(x) WxeZ nén (g,Z) EO Z#WoZ va gy =F=>(F,W)<(¢,Z), mau alo Vay W=X va chon 6=F Dinh ly 2: * Cho X Id khong gian vects trén K va nh xa p:X>K P(x)20, p(x+x')sp(2)+p(s') va (x)= Ht) (vs (4nh xa p nhu tén duge goi lA mét nia. ee * Gid sit X, la khdng gian con ctia X va g:X, > K 1A phiém has man digukién [p(x)]< p(x) (VxeX,) t Khi 46 t6n tai phiém ham tuyén tinh 9: XK théan O(x)=0(2) (WeeX,) » ale) sel) ( * Xétham g:X, SR, cin di xeX,, " + g uyén tinh thyc theo nghia g(ax+ fy) =ag(x) + |e(x)'s (x) (vee X,) -o(s)=a(s}ilt) (vee) 2 a 6 # Dat G:X > K,, dinh bai voi moi x X, G(x) = #(x)—i@(ix), ta e6: + @ tuyén tinh ten X va G(x)=e(x) (VreX,) + WreX, néu G(x)#0 dar “ec va 46(x)=|(x), suy ra: (|= 9(2)= 2) Pes I. Dinh ly Hakth- Banach cho khong gian djnh chudin : Dinh ly 3: Cho kh6ng gian dinh chun X c6 khéng gian con X, va fla phiém ham tuyén tinh lién tue én X, Khi dé tén tai a ham twyén tinh f, lién te trén X, sao cho : Fl)=s() vex, VIF + Tacé: |F(x)<|f[Jx]. vee X, Ap dung djnh ly 2 cho phiém ham f va na chuéin-p: p(x tits Vee duige phiém ham F tuyén tinh én X théa |f(x)]< Halle ie "eR ye et matkhéc: tte ap Ge a HE he ul volte ll He qua: yo) ma a a AN OeaeX thitén théa man cée digukién: f(a)=la} va |/]=1 d Ap dung dinh ly 3 cho X, =(a) va (4a): IL Cac dinh lf vé tach tap li: + fEX va sé 4 sao cho f(x)0/ 2G > x} hi p $4 chudw + Xéc dinh phigm ham g wen X, =(b~a) ={2(b~a) )/ 4 R} boi g[A(b-a) ]=2 Vi b-a¢G nén Pal b-a) ) = A( be :. néu A20 Vay ta.06 g(x)0 sao cho B(ar)cG tacé: le(x]se(x)s1 Vxre B(0,r) nénflién tye + vred, do f(x-a)< p(x- a)<1= f(x)<1+f(a)=f(b-a) a)+s(e)=r() + Doflli dnh xa mé va A 1a tap 16i, mé nén f(A) Ia Khoding mé nén ta c6: f(x)<1+F(a a)=f f(b) chon A= 14 f(a) © Trudng hop tong quat 4 Ap dung tnidng hop dic bigt voi A, = A-B va B, ={6}, Khid6 f(x-y)

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