List of Illustrations Sources and Acknowledgments Prologue Introduction: Control and Form ot Transformation and Control 0.2 Three Orders Become Visible xviChapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Chapter 6 I Form, the Physical Order The Physical Structure of Built Environment 1.1 Live Configurations 1.2 Levels 1.3 Built Environments Seek Equilibrium 1.4 The Identity of Agents 1.5 Dominance and Dependence 1.6 Control Distribution Recogni ing Levels 2.1 Levels and Intervention 2.2 Levels Revealed by Use 2.3 The Urban Facade Hierarchies of Enclosure 3.1 Forms of Enclosure 3.2. A Classification of Dwelling Modes 3.3 A Hierarchy of Enclosure Forms Changes in Enclosure Hierarchy 4.1 Emergence of a Level 4.2 With and without the Furniture Level 4.3, Disappearance of a Level The Act of Building 5.1 Assembly Hierarchies 5.2 Dominance Hierarchy and Assembly Hierarchy 5.3 Inside the Assembly Chain 5.4 Traditions of Two Stage Building 5.5 Gravity Recognized Other Forms at Play 6.1 Supply Forms 6.2 Nets, Grids, and Webs 3 15 16 22 26 28 32 41 42 50 55 56 60 69 7° 78 82 87 88 oo 96 106 m2 118Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter 7 10 Ir 12 II Place, the Territorial Order Territory 7-1 Control of Space 7.2 Territory and Control 73 Inhabitation and Territory 7-4 Territorial Hierarchy 7-5 Horizontal Relations Are Avoided Observing Territorial Structure 8.x Territorial Structure in Different Environments 8.2 Urban Form as Territorial Form 8.3 House and Territory 8.4 Public Space Territory and Buildings 9.1 Street and House 9.2 Territory and Building 9.3 Within the City Block Gates 10.1 Seven Gates 10.2 Territorial Gates 10.3 Gates without Territorial Meaning In and Out of Territory 1.1 Supply Form and Territory 11.2 Supply Form and Dwelling 11.3, Limitations of Territorial Autonomy Shifts in Territorial Structure 12.1 Horizontal Shifts in Territorial Division 12.2 Vertical Shifts in Territorial Division 12.3 Increase in Territorial Depth 12.4 Decrease in Territorial Depth 123 Bs 126 128 ya 136 yo 143 144 150 154 158 182 188 193 194 198 202 207 208 210 ang 218Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter Chapter 3 14 7 16 7, 18 II] Understanding, the Cultural Order Common Understanding 13.1 Beyond Control 13.2. The Implicit 13.3, Ways of Sharing Form 13.4 Words and Forms Patterns 14.1 Relations among Parts 14.2 Formalization of a Pattern The Systemic Environment 15.1 Thematic Systems 15.2, The Social Roots of Systems 15.3 Traveling Systems 15.4 The Abstractness of Systems Systems Misunderstood 16.1 A System's Image 16.2 The Dream of the Factory-Made House 16.3 Repetition and Uniformity Type 17.1 Environmental Types 17.2 Variation within a Given Type 17.3 Type without Shape 17.4 Emergence of New Types The Uses of Understanding 18.1 Understanding between Specialist and Layperson 18.2 The Image Precedes the Form 18.3 Harvesting Forms of Understanding 18.4 The Power of Conventional Form 18.5 The Point of No Return 223 2a5 226 228 230 232 235 236 242 247 248 252 256 260 263 264 272 277 278 282 286 290 297 302 308 312 318Epilogue Notes Selected Bibliography Illustration Credits Index 326 328 336 342 344