Activity for General Chemistry 1 Week 4

Balancing Chemical Equations

Balance the following chemical equations. Show your complete solutions.
1. 𝑁𝑎𝐻𝐶𝑂3 → 𝑁𝑎2 𝐶𝑂3 + 𝐻2 𝑂 + 𝐶𝑂2

2NaHCO3 Na2CO3 + H2O + CO2

2. 𝐶𝐻4 + 𝐵𝑟2 → 𝐶𝐵𝑟4 + 𝐻𝐵𝑟

CH4 + 4Br2 CBr4 + 4HBr

3. 𝑁𝐻4 𝑁𝑂3 → 𝑁2 𝑂 + 𝐻2 𝑂

NH4NO3 N2O + 2H2O

Stoichiometry
Answer the following problem. Show your complete solution.
Gold is extracted by using potassium cyanide in the following reaction:

4𝐴𝑢 + 8𝐾𝐶𝑁 + 𝑂2 + 2𝐻2 𝑂 → 4𝐾𝐴𝑢(𝐶𝑁)2 + 𝐾𝑂𝐻

What is the minimum amount of potassium cyanide (in grams) needed to extract
19.0 grams of gold?

4Au + 8KCN + O2 + 2H2O 4KAu(CN)2 + 4KOH

g Au mol Au mol KCN g KCN

19 g Au/1 x 1 mol Au/196.996 g Au x 8 mol KCN/4 mol Au x 345.8814 g KCN/1 mol KCN

= 66.729 g KCN
 Limiting reagent and Percent yield
Answer the following problem. Show complete solution.
Disulfide dichloride (S2Cl2) is used in the vulcanization of rubber, a process that
prevents the slippage of rubber molecules past one another when stretched. It is
prepared by heating sulfur in an atmosphere of chlorine gas:

𝑆8 + 4𝐶𝑙2 → 4𝑆2 𝐶𝑙2

What is the theoretical yield of S2Cl2 (in grams) when 5.0 grams of sulfur is
heated with 6.0 grams chlorine gas? What is the percent yield if the actual yield
is 4.0 grams?

5 g S/1 x 1 mol S/32.065 g S = 0.1559/1 = 0.1559 mol S

6 g Cl2/1 x 1 mol Cl2/71.906 g Cl = 0.083 Cl2/4 = 0.2 mol Cl2

Chlorine gas(Cl2) is the limiting reactant and the Sulfur(S) is the excess reactant.

6.0 g Cl2/1 x 1 mol Cl2/71.906 Cl2 x 4 mol S2Cl2/4 mol Cl2 x 135.036 S2Cl2/1 mol S2Cl2

= 11.267 g S2Cl2

Percent Yield = 4.0 g/11.267 g x 100%

= 35.50%