Mental Ability

CHAPTER
6 Logical Venn Diagrams

This section deals with questions which aim at analysing a candidate's ability to relate a certain given group of items
and illustrate it diagramatically. Here are a few different types of Venn diagrams with their implications made clear.
Suppose you are given a group of three items. Then,
1. If the items evidently belong to three different groups, the Venn A B
diagram representing it would be as shown alongside. Lawyers
Doctors
Ex . Doctors, Engineers, Lawyers C Engineers
These three items bear no relationship to each other. So they are
represented by 3 disjoint figures as shown in fig.

2. If one item belongs to the class of the second and the second
belongs to the class of third, then the representation is in the Hours
C
form of three concentric circles, as shown in fig. B Minutes
Ex . Seconds, Minutes, Hours A
Second
Clearly, seconds are a part of minutes and minutes are a part of hours.
So, the Venn diagram would be as shown in the adjoining figure with
circle A representing Seconds, circle B representing Minutes and circle
C representing Hours .

3. If two separate items belong to the class of the third, they are
represented by two disjoint circles inside a bigger circle as
shown in fig.
Table A B Chair
Ex . Table, Chair, Furniture
C Furniture
Clearly, table and chair are separate items but both are items of furniture.
So, they would be represented as in the adjoining figure with circle A
representing Table, circle B representing Chair and circle C representing
Furniture .

4. If two items belong to the c lass of the third s uc h that some

items of each of these two groups are common in relationship,
then they are represented by two intersecting circles enclosed
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within a bigger circle.

Fathers A B Brothers
Ex . Males, Fathers, Brothers
C Males
Clearly, some fathers may be brothers and vice-versa. So, fathers and
brothers would be represented by two intersecting circles. Also both
fathers and brothers are males. So, the diagrammatic representation
would be as shown in fig., with circle A representing Fathers , circle B
representing Brothers and circle C representing Males.

5. If two items are partly related to the third, and are themselves
in dependen t of eac h other the y are re pres ented by three
intersecting circles in a line. A B C
Ex . Dogs, Pets, Cats
Clearly, some dogs and some cats are pets. But all the pets are not dogs Dogs Pets Cats
or cats. Also dogs and cats are not related to each other. So, the given
items would be represented as shown in fig. with circle A representing
Dogs, circle B representing Pets and circle C representing Cats.

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Class X
6. If t he t hree items are par tly related to each ot her, t he y are
represented as shown in the adjoining figure. Government
Clerks Employees
Ex . Clerks, Government Employees, Educated Persons
Clearly, some clerks may be government employees and some may be A B
educated. Similarly, some government employees may be clerks and
some may be educated. Also, some educated persons may be clerks C
and some may be government employees. So, the given items may be Educated
represented as shown in fig. with three intersecting circles denoting the Persons
three classes.

7. If one item belongs to the class of second while third item is

Human Beings
entirely different from the two, then they may be represented
by the adjoining diagram. B

Ex . Engineers, Human Beings, Rats A C

Clearly, all engineers are human beings. This would be represented by
two concentric circles. But the class of rats is entirely different from Rats
Engineers
these two. Thus, these items would be represented as shown in fig. with
circle A representing Engineers, circle B representing Human beings
and circle C representing Rats .

8. If one item belongs to the class of second and the third item is
partly related to these two, they are represented as shown
a lo ng s i de . Females
Ex . Females, Mothers, Doctors B
Clearly, all mothers are females. This would be represented by two A C
concentric circles. But, some females and some mothers can be doctors.
So, the circle representing doctors would intersect each of the two
concentric circles. Thus, the diagram becomes as shown in fig. with Mothers Doctors
circle A representing Mothers, circle B representing Females and circle
C representing Doctors .

9. If one item belongs to the class of second and the third item is
partly related to the second, they are represented as shown
a lo ng s i de . Males
Ex . Males, Fathers, Children B
A C
Clearly, all fathers are males. This would be represented by two Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Mental Ability-1\06 Logical Venn Diagrams.p65

concentric circles. But, some males are children. But, children cannot
be fathers. Thus, the diagram becomes as shown in Fig. with circle A Children
representing Fathers , circle B representing Males and circle C Fathers
representing Children .

10. If two items are partly related to each other and the third item
is entirely different from the two, they are represented as shown
a lo ng s i de . Author

Ex . Professor, Author, Children

A B C
Clearly, some professors can be authors and vice versa. This would be
represented by two intersecting circles. But the class of children would
be entirely different from these two. Thus, the venn diagram would be Professor Children
as shown in fig. with circle A representing Professors, circle B representing
Authors and circle C representing Children.

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 Mental Ability

Directions (Q. 1 to Q.2): The following figure represents a set of persons: the triangle represents educated
person, the rectangle represents policemen, the circle represents road tax payers and ellipse represents
shopkeepers.

1. Looking at the figure we can conclude that.

(1) All educated shopeepers pay road tax (2) All road tax paying policemen are educated
(3) All educated policemen pay road tax (4) All road tax paying shopkeepers are educated.
2. On the basis of this figure, it can be concluded that.
(1) None of the uneducated shopkeeper is a policeman though an uneducated policeman is a shopkeeper
(2) Some of the educated shopkeeper are road tax payers even though they discharge duties of a policeman
(3) Some of the educated policemen who pay road tax are sharing profits with uneducated shopkeepers
(4) None of the educated shopkeepers is a policeman nor an educated policeman a shopkeeper
Direct ions (Q. 3 to Q.7): Which is the most suitable Venn diagram among the following, which represents
interrelationship for the given question ?

(A) (B) (C) (D)

3. Male, Father, Book

4. Family, Spouse, Husbands
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5. Doctors, Human beings, Cows

6. Social workers, Alcoholics, Tetotallers
7. Females, Mothers, Nurses
8. Which of the following diagrams indicates the best relation between Judge, Thieves and Criminals ?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

9. Which is the most suitable Venn diagram among the following, which represents interrelationship among Antisocial
elements, Pick pockets and Black mailers ?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

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Class X
Directions (Q. 10 to Q.14): Which is the most suitable Venn diagram among the following, which represents
interrelationship for the given question ?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

10. Father, Teacher, Unmarried

11. Doctors, Surgeons, Physiotherapists
12. Bidi-smokers, Smokers, Cancer patients
13. Christians, Catholics, Church goers
14. Christians, Catholics, Pope
15. Which one of the following sets is best represented in the adjoining diagram ?

(1) Animals, Insects, Cockroaches (2) Country, States, Districts

(3) Animals, Males, Females (4) States, Catholics, Pope
Directions (Q.16 to Q.18): Each of the questions below contains three elements. These elements may
or may not have some intense intense linkage. Each group of the elements may fit into one of the diagram
(1), (2), (3), (4), you have to indicate group of elements in each of the question correctly fit into which of
the diagram ?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

16. Book, Stationary, Jeep

17. Factory, Tools, Product
18. Vegetable, Brinjal, Onion Node5\e\Data\CBSE-2016\10th\Advance\CCP\Mental Ability-1\06 Logical Venn Diagrams.p65

Directions (Q. 19 to Q.23): Three elements have been given in each of the questions given below. May
be that these elements have some relationship with each other or even no relation at all. Each group of
these elements fits in either of the sketches such as (1), (2), (3), and (4)

(1) (2) (3) (4)

19. Shift, Cloth, Pen

20. Chair, Steel, Furniture.
21. Gold, Metal, Zinc.
22. Goods, Shop Market.
23. Moon, Sun, Earth.

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 Mental Ability
24. There are four diagram representing different relations among the three items. Each circle represents one
item and the size of the circle has nothing to do with the item. You are to pick the figure that represents
relation among three items.

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Which figure represents the relation among Lawyers, Teachers, Educated.

25. Select from the four alternative diagrams, the one that best illustrates the relationship among the three classes
: Pigeons, Birds, Dogs.

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Directions (Q. 26 & Q.27): Choose the Venn diagram which best illustrates the three given classes in each
of the following question :

(1) (2) (3) (4)

26. Vertebrates, Non-vertebrates, Living beings

27. Women, Teachers, Doctors
Directions (Q. 28 to Q. 30): Decide which of the given pattern 1, 2, 3, or 4 best indicates the logical
relationship between three descriptions.

(1) (2) (3) (4)

28. (A) DOCTOR (B) MALE (C) ACTOR

29. (A) TABLE (B) FURNITURE (C) CHAIR
30. (A) FATHER (B) MOTHER (C) CHILD
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ANSWERS
Qu e. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans . 2 4 1 2 1 4 3 1 3 3 3 1 1 2 4
Qu e. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans . 1 3 4 1 2 4 2 1 4 1 2 4 2 2 3

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Class X

Directions (Q. 1 to Q.4) : Below is given a figure with four intersecting circle, each represnting a group
of persons having the quality written against it. Study the figure carefully and answer the question that follow.

Intelligent
Hard working
A B C

F M
D E G
I H

J K L
Truthful Honest

1. The region which represents the people who are intelligent, honest, and truthful but not hard working is
denoted by
(1) E (2) F (3) H (4) I
2. The people possessing all the qualities are represented by
(1) I (2) H (3) F (4) E
3. The region which represents people who are not honest but posses all other three qualities, is denoted by
(1) B (2) D (3) F (4) I
4. People who are not hard working, intelligent and truthful are represented by
(1) G (2) H (3) K (4) L
Direction (Q. 5 to Q.10): The diagram shown below represents four types of literates know English, Hindi,
Urdu and Punjabi. Based on above information try to solve question which follow:

5. People who can read and write Hindi, Urdu and Punjabi are represented by
(1) A (2) D (3) K (4) E
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6. People who can read and write all the languages are represented by
(1) L (2) J (3) M (4) K
7. People who can read and write all the languages except Urdu are represented by
(1) K (2) M (3) B (4) I
8. People who cannot read and write English, Hindi and Punjabi are represented by
(1) L (2) K (3) C (4) E
9. People who cannot read and write Urdu and Punjabi, but are conversant with English and Hindi both are
represented by
(1) M (2) B (3) J (4) K
10. People who do not know English and Hindi but are familiar with Urdu and Punjabi both are represented
by
(1) F (2) G (3) E (4) K

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 Mental Ability
Directon (Q. 11 to Q.15): Study the following figure carefully and answer the questions given below it.
The rectangle represents artists, the circle represents players and the triangle represents doctors.

11. How many players are neither artists nor doctors ?

(1) 3 (2) 8 (3) 22 (4) 25
12. How many artists are players ?
(1) 30 (2) 29 (3) 25 (4) 22
13. How many doctors are both players and artists ?
(1) 3 (2) 4 (3) 8 (4) 11
14. How many doctors are neither players nor artists ?
(1) 30 (2) 27 (3) 22 (4) 8
15. How many artists are neither players nor doctors ?
(1) 22 (2) 24 (3) 29 (4) 30
Direction (Q. 16 & Q.17) : The following questions are based on the diagram given below :

(1) The rectangle represents government employees.

(2) The triangle represents urban people.

(3) The circle represents graduates.
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(4) The square represents clerks.

16. Which of the following statements is true ?

(1) All govermment employees are clerks.
(2) Some govermment employees are graduates as well as clerks
(3) All govermment employees are graduates.
(4) All clerks are government employees but not graduates

17. Which of the following statements is true ?

(1) All urban people are graduates.
(2) Some clerks are government employees but not urban.
(3) All government employees are clerks.
(4) Some urban people are not graduates.

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Class X
Direc tions (Q. 18 to Q.21): Refer to the following diagram

18. The number of students who took any three of the four subjects
(1) 64 (2) 62 (3) 61 (4) 65
19. The number of students in total who took History or Mathematics or Science was
(1) 183 (2) 480 (3) 262 (4) 340
20. The number of students who took both History and Geography among other subjects was
(1) 60 (2) 65 (3) 66 (4) 63

21. Which subject was taken by the largest number of students ?

(1) Science (2) History (3) Geography (4) Mathematics

Direction (Q.22 to Q.26): The following questions are based are based on the diagram given below :

(1) Rectangle represents males. (2) Triangle represents educated.

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(3) Circle represents urban. (4) Square represents civil servants.

22. Who among is following is an educated male who is not an urban resident ?

(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 9 (4) 11

23. Who among the following is neither a civil servant nor educated but is urban and not a male ?

(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 6 (4) 10

24. Who among the following is a female, urban resident and also a civil servant ?

(1) 6 (2) 7 (3) 10 (4) 13

25. Who among the following is an educated male who hails from urban area?

(1) 4 (2) 2 (3) 11 (4) 5

26. Who among the following is uneducated and also an urban male ?
(1) 2 (2) 3 (3) 11 (4) 12
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 Mental Ability
Directions (Q.27 to Q.30): Answer as per below diagrams :

27. Graduate, hard-working and honest rural people are indicated by

(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
28. Rural people who are hard-working and graduates but not honest are indicated by
(1) 1 (2) 2 (3) 3 (4) 4
29. Urban graduates who are neither hard working nor honest are represented by
(1) 5 (2) 10 (3) 11 (4) 7
30. Rural graduates who are neither honest nor-hard-working are indicated by
(1) 6 (2) 2 (3) 4 (4) 3
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ANSWERS

Que. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Ans. 3 4 3 4 3 3 4 4 2 1 4 3 1 2 4
Que. 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
Ans. 2 4 2 1 4 1 4 2 3 1 4 1 2 4 1

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Class X

EXERCISE
QUESTIONS RELATED TO VARIOUS OLYMPIADS

1. In the following figure, the represents educated, the represents urban and the represents

the honest people. Study the figure carefully and answer the question which follow.

1
3
6 72
4
5

Which number represents who are honest but not educated and not urban?
(1) 2 (2) 1 (3) 6 (4) 3
2. Choose the venn diagram which best illustrates the three given classes.
Citizens, Educated, Men

(1) (2) (3) (4)

3. Which one of the following Venn diagrams correctly illustrates the relationship among the classes:
Elephants, Wolves, Animals?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

4. If animals that live on land and the animals that live in water are represented by two big circles and animals
that live both in water and on land are represented by a small circle, the combination of these three can
be best represented as ______.

(1) (2) (3) (4)

Directions (Q.5 to Q.11) : In the following diagram Rectangle represents Women , Circle represents Urbans,
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Triangles represents Post Graduates and Square represents Librarians.

9
5 12
10 15
14 8
6
11 13 16
7

5. Who among the following is a Post Graduate who is not an urban resident ?
(1) 6 (2) 7 (3) 11 (4) 20
6. Who among the following is a Woman Librarian, who is neither post graduate nor belongs to urban area?
(1) 9 (2) 15 (3) 6 (4) 10

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 Mental Ability
7. Who among the following is a Woman , urban , and also a librarian but not a post graduate.?
(1) 15 (2) 14 (3) 8 (4) 12
8. Who among the following is neither a librarian nor a post graduate but is urban and not a woman?
(1) 4 (2) 5 (3) 8 (4) 12
9. Who among the following is only a Librarian but not a woman nor urban resident and not a post graduate ?
(1) 9 (2) 10 (3) 11 (4) 16

10. Who among the following is a Man, Urban resident and also a librarian ?
(1) 8 (2) 9 (3) 12 (4)15
11. Who among the following is a post graduate woman who comes from urban area ?
(1) 6 (2)14 (3)13 (4) 7
Directions (Q.12 to Q.16) : According to the relevance of three elements in each question , choose the
sets of elements which exactly fit in one of the diagrams marked (A) , (B) , (C) , (D) and (E).

(A) (B) (C) (D) (E)

12. Crow : Pigeon : Bird

(1) B (2) C (3) A (4) E

13. India : Earth : Jupiter

(1) D (2) A (3) E (4) B

14. Music : Rhythm : Dance

(1) D (2) A (3) B (4) E

15. Cells : Tissues : Organs

(1) B (2) A (3) E (4) D

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16. Televisions :Computer : Typewriter

(1) C (2) D (3) A (4) E
17. Which of the following represents correct logical venn diagram of persons ,trees and environment?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

18. Which of the following represents correct logical venn diagram of Jaipur ,Rajasthan and India?

(1) (2) (3) (4)

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Class X
19. In the below diagram how many literates are in employment?

2 Literate
Rural

4 6 7
3
5 1
Employment
8

(1) 5 (2) 11 (3) 10 (4) 6

20. In the below diagram the number of men who are married and are in service?

In service
Married
2 3 4
6
7 8

5
Men

(1) 2 (2) 6 (3) 9 (4) 17

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ANSWERS
Q u e. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
Ans . 2 3 2 2 4 2 3 2 1 3
Q u e. 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
Ans . 1 4 2 4 4 1 1 3 3 2

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