STEM- GENERAL BIOLOGY 2

TOPIC: LESSON 3.2: THE NEED TO ELIMINATE WASTES AND OTHER HARMFUL SUBSTANCES
pp. 91-96
THINK-PAIR AND SHARE:

NAMES:

QUESTIONS:
1. USING FIGURE 3-17, DESCRIBE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF EXCRETORY ORGANS IN
ANIMALS:
a. AMOEBA
b. PLANARIA
c. EARTHWORM
d. INSECT
e. HYDRA
f. VERTEBRATE

2. WHY DO LOWER FORMS OF ANIMALS EXCRETE DIFFERENTLY FROM HIGHER FORMS OF

ANIMALS?

3. WHAT ARE THE MAJOR PROCESSES INVOLVED IN THE EXCRETORY SYSTEM?

4. HOW WOULD YOU EXPLAIN/DESCRIBE THE ROLE OF THE KIDNEY THAT REGULATES THE
AMOUNT OF WATER IN THE BODY?
The role of the kidney that regulates the amount of water in the body is extremely important because
when your kidneys stop working completely, your body becomes loaded with additional water and
waste products.
5. IDENTIFY THE MAJOR WASTES EXCRETED BY HUMANS

6. HOW DOES THE KIDNEY FUNCTION?

Your kidneys function as a filter, removing wastes and excess fluid from your body. Every day, your
kidneys filter roughly 200 quarts of blood to produce 1 to 2 quarts of urine. Urine contains wastes as
well as additional liquids. This helps to keep your body healthy by preventing waste and fluid buildup.

7. EXPLAIN HOW URINE IS FORMED?

8. DESCRIBE HOW THE STOMATA REMOVED WASTE. EXPLAIN WHAT HAPPERNS WHEN THERE
IS TOO MUCH WATER IN THE GUARD CALLS?
Waste gases from photosynthesis and respiration are excreted through the stomata. The
tiny openings, called stomata, found at the back portion of the leaf allow water and carbon
dioxide into the plant. When the stomata are open, water and carbon dioxide can enter the
plant, and light can combine with both molecules to allow photosynthesis. At the same
time, oxygen can escape through the stomata. Guard cells surround each stoma. When
the guard cells swell with water, the stoma opens. When guard cells lose water, they bow
together, closing the stoma.