RUMUS MATEMATIK / MATHEMATICAL FORMULAE

The following formulae may be helpful in answering the questions. The symbols given are the ones commonly used.
Rumus-rumus berikut boleh membantu anda menjawab soalan. Simbol-simbol yang diberi adalah yang biasa digunakan.

PERKAITAN / RELATIONS

1. a m × a n = a m+n 10. Probability of an event /

Kebarangkalian suatu peristiwa

2. a m ÷ a n = a m–n n (A)
P (A) = n (S)
3. (am)n = am n

11. Complement of an event /

4. Distance / Jarak Peristiwa Pelengkap

= √( x 2−x 1 )2+( y 2− y 1 )2 P (A) = 1  P (A)

vertical dis tan ce

5. Mid Point / titik tengah, (x , y)
12. Gradient, m = horizontal dis tance

=
( x 1 + x2
2
,
y1 + y 2
2 ) jarak mencancang
Kecerunan, m = jarak mengufk

dis tan ce travelled y2− y 1

m=
time taken x 2 −x 1
6. Average Speed =
jarak yang dilalui
masa yang diambil y−int ercept
Purata laju = m =−
13. x−int ercept

sum of data pint asan− y

m =−
number of data p int asan−x
7. Mean =
hasil tambah nilai data
14. I = Prt
Min = bilangan data

( )
nt
r
sum of ( classmark × frequency) 1+
15. MV = P n
8. Mean = sum of frequency
Min =
hasil tambah (nilai titik tengah × ke ker apan ) 16. A = P + Prt
hasil tambah ke ker apan

9. Pythagoras Theorem, c2 = a2 + b2
Teoram Pithagoras, c2 = a2 + b2
 BENTUK DAN RUANG / SHAPES AND SPACE

1. Area of rectangle = length × width / Luas segi empat tepat = panjang × lebar

1 1
2. Area of triangle = 2 × base × height / Luas segi tiga = 2 × tapak × tinggi

3. Area of parallelogram = base × height / Luas segi empat selari = tapak × tinggi

1
4. Area of trapezium = 2 × sum of parallel side × height /
1
Luas trapezium = 2 × hasil tambah dua sisi selari × tinggi

5. Circumference of circle = d = 2r / Lilitan bulatan = d = 2j

6. Area of circle = r2 / Luas bulatan = j2

7. Curved surface area of cylinder = 2rh / Luas permukaan melengkung silinder = 2jt

8. surface area of sphere = 4 r2 / Luas permukaan sfera = 4j2

9. Volume of right prism = cross sectional area × length /

Isipadu prisma tegak = luas keratan rentas × panjang

10. Volume of cuboid = length × width × height / Isipadu kuboid = panjang × lebar × tinggi

11. Volume of cylinder = r2h / Isipadu silinder = j2t

1 1
12. Volume of cone = 3  r h / Isipadu kon = 3 j2t
2

4 4
13. Volume of sphere = 3 r / Isipadu sfera = 3 j3
3

1
14. Volume of right pyramid = 3 × base area × height /
1
Isipadu piramid tegak = 3 × luas tapak × tinggi

15. Sum of interior angles of a polygon = (n – 2) × 180° /

Hasil tambah sudut pedalaman poligon = (n – 2) × 180°

Arc length Angle subtended at centre

16. Circumference of circle = 360 ° /
panjang lengkok sudut pusat
lili tan bula tan = 360 °

Area of sector Angle subtended at centre luas sektor sudut pusat

17. Area of circle = 360 ° / luas bula tan = 360 °

PA ' PA '
18. Scale factor, k = PA / Faktor skala, k = PA

19. Area of image = k2 × area of object / Luas imej = k2 × luas objek