不存在的傳統：論陳世驤的抒情傳統

The Tradition Which Never Exists: "The Lyric Tradition in China" by

Chen Shi-xiang

doi:10.30407/BDCL.200812_(10).0003
政大中文學報, (10), 2008

作者/Author： 龔鵬程(Peng-Cheng Kung)

頁數/Page： 39-51
出版日期/Publication Date：2008/12
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࢈τϜНᏱൣ! ಒΫ෉
2008 Ԓ 12 У 39-52 ॳ

ϛԇӶ‫ޠ‬༉ಜȈ

፤ചз㟡‫׶ޠ‬௒༉ಜ

ᠼᝊโ Ɏ

ᄣ! ्

ചз㟡ӶȲϜ୾‫׶ޠ‬௒༉ಜȳ፞НϜࡿᆏȈϜ୾НᏱࣻၷܼ՚Р୒
ܼѭၒᇅᔜቒϟ༉ಜȂѠᆏ࣐Κᆎ‫׶‬௒‫ޠ‬༉ಜȂձࠣпߓႁձ޲ϲӶ‫ޠ‬
Ս‫࣐ש‬лȄԫᇴࢻ՘ࡤȂစႇϛЎᏱ޲‫ޠ‬௱ोȃЖҨȂ౫ϑԚ࣐෬ѯ྄
‫ڏ‬ၜមΩ‫ޠ‬၍ម‫ق‬ಜȂӶϜНः‫ࣩف‬ኈ៫౐ሊȄկҐНᇰ࣐ചӒҢ‫ࡿޠ‬
ᇰঅூ୧ᄽȂуஆҐα࢑п՚Р‫׶‬௒ၒ࣐ዂ࠯‫ࡠࣽٿ‬Ϝ୾ၒȂґ‫ݨ‬ཏ‫ژ‬
Ϝ՚Рঘ౪ᢏȃ΢‫ܓ‬፤ȃၒᅉ౪፤өР८‫ڐ‬ᄃഎԥ྄τ‫ޠ‬ৰ౵ȂՅй‫ױ‬
‫׶‬௒ၒ‫ޠ‬੬፵ܺτΠ‫ࢃ྆ٿ‬ᐍᡞϜ୾НᏱȄӱԫу‫ޠ‬፤ख़ӶР‫ݳ‬ȃຝࣩ
‫ࡧڸ‬དྷαഎτԚᅹᜳȂ‫ࡿܛ‬ᆏ‫ޠ‬Ѭ࢑ঐӶϜ୾ϛ෇ԇӶ‫ޠ‬༉ಜጬΠȄ

ᜱᗥມȈചз㟡ȃ‫׶‬௒ၒȃ‫׶‬௒༉ಜȃϜ୾НᏱ

2008.10.30 ‫׺‬ጉȇ2008.11.25 ቸࢦ೾ႇȇ2008.11.27 ঔॐጉԞӈȄ

∗
ᠼᝊโ౫ᙜ࣐і‫ٶ‬৲ጓτᏱНᏱଲ੬ဓఁ௳Ȅ
40! ࢈τϜНᏱൣ! ಒΫ෉

The Tradition Which Never Exists:

“The Lyric Tradition in China”by Chen Shi-xiang

Kung, Peng-cheng*

Abstract
According to Chen Shi-xiang's articles such as “The Lyric Tradition in
China”, compared with the Western tradition which focuses on epic and drama,
the tradition of the Chinese literature can be called a lyric one, aiming to
express the inner self of the authors. Deduced and elaborated by many scholars,
this idea is prevalent and influential in the field of Chinese studies, and
becomes a powerful explanatory system in Taiwan and Hong Kong. However,
Mr. Chen's denomination is found doubtful, since he only treated the Chinese
poetry with the model of Western lyrics, but neglected the notable differences
of ethics, study of human nature, theory of poetry between China and the West.
As the result, Mr. Chen exaggerated the features of lyrics and concluded the
Chinese literature with them. His argument therefore is questionable in
methodology, point of view and ideology, and what he denominated is a
tradition which never exists in China.

Keywords: Chen Shi-xiang, Lyrics, Lyric tradition, Chinese literature

*
Distinguished Professor, School of Chinese Language and Literature, Beijing Nornal
University.
 ϛԇӶ‫ޠ‬༉ಜȈ፤ചз㟡‫׶ޠ‬௒༉ಜ! 41

Ϝ୾‫׶ޠ‬௒༉ಜȂҐ࢑ചз㟡ӒҢΚ጖Нത‫ޠ‬ዀᚡȂ঩࣐ऽНᗀ
ጉȂ෇Ӓࡤࡈ᠟ܼ‫ڎ‬໷НᏱཽឋϜȂ༢Ҧ྇‫ސ‬ӒҢᒯΤȮചз㟡НԇȯȂ
1972 Ԓ‫ע‬Ня‫ަޏ‬я‫ޏ‬ȄԫН྆ࢃΠചӒҢᄈϜ୾НᏱ‫ޠ‬ஆҐُ၍Ȃ
ࡤ‫ٿ‬η౱ҢΠ‫ڏ‬τ‫ޠ‬ኈ៫Ȃϛկጿऽ߹ӒҢлጢ‫ޠ‬ᖓစ‫ޏ‬ȮϜ୾НϾུ
፤ȯ෇пȶ‫׶‬௒‫ޠ‬༉ಜȷ࣐ӫȂጢԚΠᆤख़Ϝ୾НᏱ‫ޠ‬஠຀ȇԫΚᢏ‫܉‬
пІၽңѻᄈϜ୾НᏱ୉‫ڏ‬ᡞ‫ޠ‬၍‫ݚ‬ȂҼစାЅϏȃ֗Ҕඐȃࢡኋ݃ȃ
᎓ྕ࿋ȌȌ๊΢ϛᘟ௱វȂ‫ם‬Ԛ྄‫ڏ‬ᆤឹΩϟ၍ម‫ق‬ಜȂച୾౩ӒҢࣦ
Վ஡ϟ‫ם‬ৡ࣐τഛпѵӵୣഷ२्‫ޠ‬၍មᡞ‫ق‬Ȅ
‫ש‬ᄈ೼ঐᗀ‫ݳ‬ȂӪࡼ୧ᄽϟཏȄᙠ຀ȮНᏱ‫״‬ຠ‫ޠ‬ຝഐȯ‫ܗ‬౫Ҕቹ
຀‫ޠ‬ȮϜ୾НᏱѭȯഎԥϛЎӵРਗ਼ІܼԫȂ‫״‬ຠϑစ࡟ӼΠȄӱԫҐ
НѬ၅ᇴංᘉ௄ࠊґ੬րፚІ‫ޠ‬ഌϸȂՅйѬ൸τРӪ‫ڸ‬τୱᚡᇴȂಡ
࿾Ѡ୧ϟ೏ࣲϛ҇ፚȄ

ΚȃР‫ݳ‬Ȉ

ചӒҢᏱୱࣦീȂȮНԇȯ‫ܛ‬ᓄȂԄ፤Ճφདྷᅮ‫ݨ‬ȃ‫୾ݳ‬ԇӶлဏ
І౫хၒ๊๊Ȃְᇅ‫׶‬௒༉ಜϢϢณτᜱ߾Ȅԥᜱ߾‫ޠ‬፤НȂࠍϤُȲϜ
୾ၒԆϟ঩ۗᢏ‫܉‬ၑ፤ȳȲ঩ᑺȈচ፤Ϝ୾НᏱ੬፵ȳȲϜ୾ၒᏱᇅᕬ
Ᏹȳ፞НȄ
‫ڐ‬ᇴ‫ޠ‬ಒΚঐτୱᚡȂ࢑п՚Р‫׶‬௒ၒ೼Κ᜹࠯‫ࡠࣽٿ‬Ϝ୾ၒȂᒞ
Ϝ୾ၒ֊‫ڏ‬ԫ‫׶‬௒ϟ੬፵Ȅԫ੬፵Ȃᇅ՚Рѡх፤ၒȞԄ‫ٴ‬٩ςӼ኉ȟ
ϟ୒ܼᇨձ‫ܗ‬ዂҾࣻЩȂၗѠᒞ࣐Ϝ୾ၒϟ੬፵ȂկചӒҢҦԫໍΚؐ
ᇴԫΞϜ୾НᏱϟ༉ಜΞՎၿಜȄ೼ӶР‫ݳ‬Іጓᛠα߰࢑ᓀ༅‫ޠ‬Ȅ
ӱ࣐੬Ք࢑ΚӲ‫ٲ‬Ȃѻ࢑֐ᄻԚ࣐Κ༉ಜࣦ‫ܗ‬ၿಜȂέԄե‫ם‬ԚȂΞ
ѫΚୱᚡȄചӒҢܼԫ঎ґᇴ݃Ȅу‫ޠ‬፤ख़ȂѬ൸Ȯၒစȯϟ࣐‫׶‬௒ၒЇ
᙮Ҩ፤Ȃ‫؂ܗ‬፤ȶᑺȷϟ঩ۗဏȂ‫܄מ‬၍មΠକྜȂη൸ᇴ݃Πࡤ‫ึޠٿ‬
৥Ȅέծоࡿख़Π੬ՔȂη൸ථұΠ༉ಜȄ೼ኻᇴ༉ಜȂଐ෇ᇴ຀ϸరȉ
ե‫ݸ‬ȂചӒҢԥः‫ޠف‬ȂѬ࢑ၒȂՅйѠ૗Ѭ࢑Ȯၒစȯ‫ڸ‬Κᘉᘉ
ভၒȄѬ௄ၒ‫ٿ‬ᇴ‫׶ڐ‬௒‫ܓ‬Ȃഥ૗пԫ௱ो‫ژ‬ᐍঐϜ୾НᏱαџ༞ȉϜ
୾НᏱȂ௄କྜαᢏᄇȂଷΠၒпѵȂՎЎᗚԥȶਫȷ‫ڸ‬ȶ᜞‫ڽ‬ȷȂᄈ
ࡤзࣲԥ‫ڏ‬τ‫ޠ‬ኈ៫ȂՅѻউഥη࢑‫׶‬௒‫ޠ‬ȉ௄ࢻो‫ޠ‬ᐤѭࣽȂࡤзН
ത‫ޠ‬ᛂτ༉ಜ‫ܗ‬᜞፮‫ޠ‬ϲోȂέᜳၿഎ૗ң‫׶‬௒ၒџЩᔤ‫ࢃ྆ܗ‬༞ȉ
42! ࢈τϜНᏱൣ! ಒΫ෉

ϛ۸‫࢑ޠ‬ȈചӒҢҔ࢑п‫׶‬௒ၒ࣐ዂ࠯џࣽ‫ޠ‬Ȅу፤НᏱȂ‫׈‬ӓϛ
‫ݨ‬ཏϜ୾Нത೼Κτጓ൝ȂЗҭКಂѬ໲ϜӶၒစȃྀ᜞ȃ዆‫ۻ‬ȃ፮೼
ѳঐ᜹࠯Ȅ೼ଐϛ࢑ᙐϾூЋႇϸΠȉ‫ױ‬НᏱᙐϾ࣐ԫѳ᜹Ȃѳ᜹Ϝӕ
ङឹ࣐ȮၒစȯȮྀ᜞ȯ‫࠯ڎ‬Ȃ‫࠯ڎ‬ӕӬᘫΚ౪ȂТȈ‫׶‬௒ၒȄуᇴȈ

пԆ‫ॲޠ‬዆୉ಣᙒ‫ڸ‬ϲЗՍҪ୉ཏԠ࢑‫׶‬௒ၒ‫ڎޠ‬τ्
ષȄϜ୾‫׶‬௒ၿಜ‫ྜึޠ‬Ȃྀ᜞‫ڸ‬ၒစ‫ױ‬٦‫ڎ‬τ्ષ๗Ӭକ
‫ٿ‬ȂਣՅп‫ם‬ԓُߞȂਣՅпϲৡᡘ౫ȄԫࡤȂϜ୾НᏱ഻
ձ‫ޠ‬лࢻ߰Ӷ೼ঐτၿಜ‫ܦޠ‬৥Ϝۢ‫ם‬Ȅ‫ܛ‬пȂึ৥ίџȂ
Ϝ୾НᏱೞພཽۢԥ஽Ω‫׶ޠ‬௒ԚӌȄᆨ௦Յ‫࢑ޠٿ‬ᅖ්‫ڎ‬
᜹഻ձНᏱȈ዆‫ڸۻ‬፮Ȅ೼‫ڎ‬᜹НᏱӶНᏱၿಜϜ᝸៊ӏτ
‫ٯ‬௱Վ‫׶‬௒‫ޠ‬ᗎ༗Ȅ዆‫ۻ‬Ӳॷࡺ‫ڽ‬௱஥ၒစ៫߬‫ޠ‬ѡՃ‫׶‬௒
ᅉȌȌȄ࿌፮಴ᚕϛΠ‫׶‬௒Н‫ޠ‬ᆡઢਣȂ፮݃ᡘ‫ࢎޠ‬ұ຀‫׶‬
௒Нᡞ‫๊ޠ‬໕ቇᢏ‫ޠ‬ᓻӜᘉȄȌȌ൸‫ם‬ԓȃॴੀ‫ܗ‬ᚡཏՅ
፤Ȃ፮ณ‫ݳ‬అख़Κࢳ໱୊‫ޠ‬ѭၒ‫ܗ‬αᅌΚᄎቒ௒ȄҦܼ፮‫ء‬
ԥϊᇴ‫ޠ‬ո‫ܗ׌‬ᔜቒ‫ޠ‬௒࿾‫ٿ‬Мእ϶ߞ‫ޠ‬๗ᄻȂ፮ঢ়ܼ࢑‫ױ‬
೧ᙊߓ౫Ӷ‫ٴ‬ஊջ៍αȞLascelles Abercro ribie 1881-1938
ऽ୾ၒ΢চ‫״‬ຠঢ়ȟ‫ܛ‬ᗀ‫ޠ‬ȂਐᏮ‫ܒڸ‬ਈ‫ޠ‬ᇮّॲ዆㠆ȂԄ
ԫ஡Սϐ‫ّޠ‬ᇮ஽ࠑ‫҉ޠ‬Τу΢‫ޠ‬ЗֱȄ

፮Ȃ‫ٸ‬ȮᅖਫΘ᛻Н‫ע‬ȯᇴȂՎЎԥήঐ‫ق‬ಜȈഛၧȃ૲φ‫ۨڸ‬঩Ȅ‫ڐ‬
Ϝۨ፮η೩ၷ୒ܼ‫׶‬௒ȞկᐙႷȃ୾ዌȃύୁȃ‫ݭ‬ճȃ‫ࣳݎ‬ЋΚ๊጖Ȃ
‫׶࢑ۼژ‬ϐϟ௒ᗚ࢑ࡿ‫ٲ‬፮‫ޑ‬Ȃ৽ܑᗚԥூ‫ލ‬៞ȟȂ૲፮‫ڸ‬ഛၧϟ፮߰
ߞܼᇴ౪‫ⲋܗ‬అȄѠ࢑ചӒҢΚ์‫ྸܢ‬ȂѬп‫׶‬௒џ྆ࢃᅖ፮Ȃй‫ױ‬ය
Нη‫ໍܝ‬೼ঐȶ༉ಜȷϜȂᇴ࢑‫׶‬௒Н‫׶ܗ‬௒НᡞȄңу‫ޠ‬ᇴ‫ݳ‬Ȃ‫ש‬ϛ
‫ޤ‬ၿ्Ԅեџ၍មНᏱѭϜ٦‫ٳ‬ણȃ࿘ȃႷȃ᜔ȃ⡇ȃ࿭ȃਫȃьȃ຤ȃ
цȃѭ༉ȃ፤ᇴȃതߓȃଅᇭȃ࠸ఃȄ
‫ܗ‬೩ȂചӒҢԥȶહНᏱȷϟُȂᇰ࣐຤ߓᇵцϟ᜹ࣲߩહНᏱȂ
ࢉতяϛϡଇ፤Ȅկ୆सԄԫȂࠍ௄Р‫ݳ‬αᇴȂΞ࢑஠ߟᄣяϜ୾НᏱ
Ϝ‫׶ޠ‬௒ၒІ‫ڐ‬Ӥ᜹޲ȂՅᇴϜ୾НᏱԥ‫׶‬௒‫ܓ‬ȇӕ‫ױ‬٦‫ٳ‬ϛ‫׶ڏ‬௒‫ܓ‬
‫ݎޠ‬՚ȂΚ྆დяНᏱ‫ޠ‬ᛡ஀ѵȂดࡤЗԋ౪ூӵᇴϜ୾НᏱ൸࢑Ԅԫ
‫׶‬௒֣Ȋ೼ଐߩ઱ၘΚ⛑ȉ
 ϛԇӶ‫ޠ‬༉ಜȈ፤ചз㟡‫׶ޠ‬௒༉ಜ! 43

௄ࠊȂకиӶȮ‫ڑ‬፤Θ፤НȯϜϑᇴȈȶ࠸ឋۤ໰ȃਫ፤ۤ౪ȃም⡇
ۧᄃȂၒ፮మᝌȷȄ࠸ឋ๊ߩկ࿌ਣְຝ࣐НᏱȂ፤Ԫ՞ဋᗚӶၒ፮ϟαȂ
ՅԄϭࣲೞചӒҢဋसޯᆹȄചӒҢߩณ‫ޤ‬ϟ΢Ȃ‫ܛڐ‬пԄԫȂѬ૗ᇴ࢑
ೞՍϐ٦ঐȶϜ୾ၒԥ‫׶‬௒੬፵ȷ‫ܛُࢿޠ‬ጷȄӱԥࢿُȂࢉᅮϛُȄ
Յᖄ‫ٻ‬ѬፚၒȂ‫׶‬௒ၒέ࢑֐઎૗྆ࢃϜ୾ၒ‫ں‬ȉ‫׉‬΢֊ϛнȶп
НԆ࣐ၒȂпϘᏱ࣐ၒȂпਫ‫࣐ڣ‬ၒȷȞᝓՂΘྨ੐ၒၘȟ޲Ȃԫ᜹ၒȂ
૗ң‫׶‬௒ၒ‫܉྆ޠ‬џජඬ༞ȉ‫״‬ຠԫ᜹ၒϛ࢑઎Ҕ‫ޠ‬ၒȂᇴၒ൸ᔗ၏࢑
‫׶‬௒‫ޠ‬ȂΚᘉ‫ڌ‬ηϛ֩ᜳȄկसϛ࢑ߓႁҐ΢ϟ‫ُؾ‬ȂՅ࢑Ӷඣख़Ϝ୾
НᏱ‫ܓޠ‬፵‫ܗ‬౫ຬਣȂౚ૗ԄԫᏈೃྟບȉ೼᜹ၒτ໕ԇӶܼၒᅉѭ
ϜȂӶ࢛‫ٳ‬ਣхȂ഻ձ޲൶ӊԫ᜹‫ڑ‬ጓȂࣦйႇܼ‫׶‬௒ၒȂՅചӒҢഥ
ຝՅϛُȂηѬ૗ᇴ࢑уЗԥፁ༭‫ٻ‬ดȄ

Ρȃຝࣩ

ചӒҢѫΚঐτୱᚡȂӶܼп՚ࡢϜȄ
η൸࢑ᇴȂചӒҢᗷด࢑௄Ϝ՚НᏱ‫ޠ‬ᄈЩϜጃۢϜ୾НᏱ‫ޠ‬੬
ՔȂࣽକ‫࢑ٿ‬ңпୣրϜ՚ϟϛӤȂп‫׶‬௒ၒхߓ‫ݎ‬РНᏱ‫ܗ‬Ϝ୾Н
ᏱȂпѭၒІᔜቒхߓ՚РНᏱȄѠ࢑ᄃ፵αࠔ࢑ң՚Р‫׶‬௒ၒ࣐ዂ࠯
‫ٿ‬ᇴ݃Ϝ୾НᏱȄ
уӶȲϜ୾‫׶ޠ‬௒༉ಜȳΚНϜ෇ᇴၿȈ‫׶‬௒ၒӶϜ୾Սۗ൸યӶ
ഷା՞ဋȂ՚Р‫׶‬௒ၒࠔ्‫ژ‬Н᛻ඉᑺпࡤϘᑺକȂ੐ᅟၒ΢‫ױ؂‬ѻ௱
Ӫା৬Ȉ

Ґзखऽ୾ၒຠঢ়኉‫ݔ‬ջҠ੬ȞJohn Drinkuaterȟ෇࡟ԥၦ
ੀ‫ޠ‬ᇴȶ‫׶‬௒ၒ࢑હၒ፵ࣁΩ‫ޠ‬౱‫ޑ‬ȷ
Ȃӱԫȶ‫׶‬௒ၒȞLyricȟ
‫ڸ‬ၒȞpoetryȟ࢑ӤဏԆȄ

ചӒҢᡘด࢑᜔Ԛԫᇴ‫ޠ‬ȂҦԫѠ‫ޤ‬ӶуЗҭϜ‫׶‬௒ၒϟӵ՞྄ାȂ୳
ѻϘᆏூα࢑઎Ҕ‫ޠ‬ၒȄѫӶȲ঩ᑺȈচ፤Ϝ୾НᏱ੬፵ȳϜȂуЇᄈ
ߗ΢п౫хҖᅉ‫ٿ‬၍មȮၒစȯȂᒞȮၒစȯΞ‫׶‬௒ၒȈ

пȶᑺȷ࣐ஆᙄ‫ޠ‬ၒစձࠣȂณᅹҔ࢑౫х΢ϟ‫ܛ‬ᒞ‫׶‬௒ၒ
Ȟthe lyricȟȄᜍϟܼҁ‫ܝ‬ջኟȞR. P. Blackmurȟ‫ڸ‬դກ
ȞNorthrop Fryȟ‫ۢޠ‬ဏഎ࢑ϛᓀ‫ޠ‬Ȅҁ‫ܝ‬ջኟᇴ‫׶ޠ‬௒ၒ
44! ࢈τϜНᏱൣ! ಒΫ෉

η޲Ȃ࢑ȶпᖑࡢ‫ޠ‬ᎍ࿌Ȃᄻ࢝କၒཏ‫ޠ‬НԆȌȌᖑࡢԚതȂ
‫ڐ‬ၒҼ֊ॲ዆ȷȄդກ‫ۢޠ‬ဏ࢑Ȉȶᖑ᜸‫ڸ‬ཏຬȂΡ޲๗Ӭ
‫ޠ‬዗ӶዂॽȷȄ

ԫѵȂуέӶȲϜ୾ၒᏱᇅᕬᏱȳΚНϜᇴࠓ‫׉‬пᝓՂ࣐хߓ‫ޠ‬ၒ፤Ȃ
ȶਰЗณᅹ࢑Ⱥ੐ᅟлဏȻ‫ޠ‬ȷȄ࣐Ϩቅ‫ں‬ȉуᇴȈ

ҔԄ‫ש‬উϑစࡿя‫ޠ‬٦ኻȂѻউᄻԚΠΚᆎፑᔟ༉ಜ‫ם‬ԓл
ဏ‫ڸ‬ঘ౪лဏ‫ޠ‬၍ܺΩ໕ȂӤਣᄈ࿌ਣ‫ޠ‬౪Ᏹη࢑Κᆎፑ
ᔟȄяܼ೼ᆎᄈ၍ܺ‫्ؒޠ‬ȂѻউМࡼߓ౫‫ޠ‬Սึ‫ܓ‬ȂՅӶ
೼Κᘉαᇅ੐ᅟлဏ‫׈‬ӓΚय‫࢑ޠ‬Ȃѻউη࢑п‫ޣ‬ញ‫ܗ‬΢‫ޠ‬
ઢઝϘ૗࣐ஆᙄ‫ޠ‬ȄȌȌ೼હᆟ࢑Κൠၒᅉ‫״‬ຠϜ‫ޠ‬ቸज௥
ᓏȂȌȌ೼ൠၽ୞‫ٻ‬Ϝ୾༉ಜၒᏱϜ‫ڎ‬ঐ‫ڏ‬ԥ२्ቌঅ‫ޠ‬੬
ᘉூ‫ژ‬Π஽ϾȂΚ࢑஡Սดձ࣐࢛ᆎ‫ޣ‬௦‫ޠ‬ঐ΢ᡞᡜȂΡ࢑
щᅗཱུұ‫ޠ‬ၒᅉ‫׶ޠ‬௒‫ܓ‬ȄరณᅹୱȂ೼‫ڎ‬ᘉ‫ڏ‬റΠ੐ᅟл
ဏ‫ޠ‬੬ኊȄ

೼‫ٳ‬ᇴມȂഎᡘұΠചӒҢᄈϜ୾ၒϟ౪၍ȂஆҐα‫ٿ‬Սуᄈ՚Р੐ᅟл
ဏ‫׶ޠ‬௒ၒ྆‫܉‬Ȃу‫ٯ‬пԫ྆‫܉‬џ‫ڏ‬ᡞ၍មȮၒစȯȃȮྀ᜞ȯȂ‫ܛ‬пϘ
ཽᇴȈȶпԆ‫ॲޠ‬዆୉ಣᙒ‫ڸ‬ϲЗՍҪ୉ཏԠȂ࢑‫׶‬௒ၒ‫ڎޠ‬τ्ષȷȄ
‫ױ‬Ϝ୾ၒ‫ޣ‬௦᜹ᔤܼ՚Р੐ᅟлဏϟ‫׶‬௒ၒȂ‫ڐ‬ୱᚡᗚϛЦӶܼϜ
୾ၒ਴Ґϛ࢑೼ঐኻȂՅ࢑уᐍঐࡧᆱᇅНϾनෂ‫ޤ‬ᜌ՚Ͼࡤ‫ם‬Ԛ‫ޠ‬Κ
‫ق‬ӗె༅ȄпαЖഷࡤΚН‫ࣽٿ‬ȂԫНѯᢋ‫ޏ‬ȮНԇȯґԞȂτഛ‫ޏ‬Ԟ
ΤȂ঩ၸ 1957 ԒȮ‫ݎ‬Рȯಒ 10 ‫ڣ‬ȂϲϜᙳ፤ીᆰȂ‫پ‬ԄȈ

‫׉‬хԟ෉‫ޠ‬লᏱঢ়উη჌٦‫ٳ‬ѡх‫ڸ‬౫хዊࢹ‫ࡧޠ‬དྷঢ়উ
ΚኻȂ൸‫ڐ‬ҐٙՅّȂΞ࢑ऌᏱ‫୳ޠ‬౪лဏ޲Ȅуউᄈ٦‫ٳ‬
൷ؒ‫ڸ‬ඣख़઎౪‫ޠ‬ᆡጃРԓԥ຀஽੩‫୒ޠ‬ནȄ‫؂‬অூ‫ݨ‬ཏ‫ޠ‬
࢑ȂӶуউ‫ޠ‬ȶੀ‫ޑ‬ȷȂ֊஽።пစᡜ࣐‫ٸ‬ᐄ‫ޠ‬ᢏᄇ‫ޠ‬л஼
ϜȂߓ౫яऌᏱ‫ޠ‬ᆡઢȄ

Ӷ೼ΚࢳϜȂചӒҢᇰ࣐‫׉‬х౪Ᏹঢ়࢑ऌᏱ‫୳ޠ‬౪лဏ޲Ȃ‫ڏ‬ऌᏱᆡ
ઢȂดࡤȂചӒҢᇴуউ‫ޠ‬ಥ྄ҭ‫ޠ‬Ȃᇅѡ‫ו‬᛹౴ႁ঱‫ܝ‬ලᏱࣃ‫ޠ‬ଢؒ
‫ڸ‬ᒚȞapuovixȟࣻӤȄ‫ڐ‬ϢȶЋ‫ڸ‬ȷȂҼᇅ၏Ᏹࣃᇴ΢ᇅ࿳‫ޑ‬ઢઝӵ
‫ڸ‬ᒚ‫׈‬ӓࣻӤȄՎܼ΢ԄեѠпᇅ‫ޑ‬ӬΚȂ໹᏶ф࢛ᆎӒЉ‫ޠ‬Ω໕Ȃ஼
 ϛԇӶ‫ޠ‬༉ಜȈ፤ചз㟡‫׶ޠ‬௒༉ಜ! 45

ၸᆏԫ࣐኉‫ܓ‬ȃе໩݃ᆏԫً࣐‫ޤ‬ȄՅԫΩ໕έᇅ಑ћᅮ‫ܛ‬ᇴ‫ޠ‬ȶЉ፮
ᢏ‫܉‬ȷߩளࣻծȄ
пα೼‫ၘٳ‬Ȃ‫ء‬ԥΚѰ࢑ᄈ‫ޠ‬Ȅ௦຀ȂചӒҢέᇴၿȈ

ӶуউϟࡤȂҮࣾӶਣх⑜ઢ‫ޠ‬ϸບϜծоഃؐூ‫ژ‬Π၍
‫؛‬Ȃуউ‫ޠ‬ੀ‫ޑ‬Ȟinvestigation of thingȟл஼ȂՍดӵᏳय‫ޤ‬
ᜌࣩя౫२ࡧᒲȃԼऌӓਫծ‫ޠ‬ീᏱȂпІ҂ܿ‫ޠ‬΢Ңᢏ‫ޠ‬
ॴۧȄѫΚР८Ȃуউ‫ޠ‬ઢઝлဏՔீȂҦܼુЎΚᆎጃۢ
‫ۡޠ‬ఁ୥ྲ‫ق‬ȂѬ૗Ӷ‫ڐ‬ၒᅉ౪፤Ϝџ൷ؒ‫ึڸ‬౫࢛ᆎߓႁȄ

ཏᒞ‫׉‬х࢑ঐᆡઢϸບ‫ޠ‬ਣхȂ౪‫ܓ‬ᆡઢᇅઢઝлဏ‫ٯ‬ԇȄࠊ޲ߓ౫ܼ
౪ᏱȂࡤ޲ߓ౫ܼၒᅉȄѠ࢑ၒέၮۡఁ๗Ӭକ‫ٿ‬ΠȞดՅуথথϘᗀ
ႇઢઝлဏϟ‫ܛ‬пߓ౫ܼၒȂΞ࢑ӱુнۡఁϟࢉȟȈ

ઢઝлဏ‫ۡڸ‬ఁད௒࢑਴Ґϸϛ໡‫ޠ‬Ȅ‫ܛ‬пȂ࿌ၒᏱϜ‫ޠ‬ઢ
ઝлဏӶ‫׉‬хࢻ՘କ‫ٿ‬ϟࡤȂ߰ᗎӪܼΚᆎଷ໡ՍϐЗ᡺‫ޠ‬
ఃਃѵ‫ء‬ԥઢᏱȃ቉ԓ‫ܗ‬Ӊե஥ࡷᄈຬ‫ۡޠ‬ఁȄȌȌᇅԫӤ
ਣȂᕬۡ˕˕ΚঐЇᄈ‫ܛ‬ԥ༉ಜդఁ‫ޠ‬቉ԓȃစНȃ༉ఁР
ԓ‫ޠ‬դఁࢻࣃூп౿՘Ȅѻ‫ޠ‬я౫ҔԂණ‫ٽ‬ΠΚᆎԄࠊ‫ܛ‬ख़
‫ء‬ԥ༉ಜۡఁ቉ԓȃጱࡷୌ჌‫ۡޠ‬ఁȄӱԫȂᇅ‫ߒ׉‬п‫ٿ‬౪
Ᏹঢ়উᝓቘ‫״‬ຠդఁ‫ޠ‬୉‫ࣻݳ‬ЇȂၒᅉ౪፤ȂЏ‫׉ࠓ࢑ڐ‬ਣ
෉ึ৥କ‫ޠٿ‬ၒᅉ౪፤ࠍ‫ޣ‬௦௵ңΠᕬۡ‫ޠ‬೛ᇮ‫ߓٿ‬ख़Ȅ

೼၈η‫ء‬ԥΚѰϛ࢑ᓀ‫ޠ‬ȄӶԫϟࠊȂऩᎍ፤‫׉‬х֊ԥ᜹ծϟᇳȂചӒ
ҢΞऩᎍᏱҢȂ߭௵৲ᇴȂՅҢཀྵЩߤЏࣦȞԄ஡኉‫ܓ‬ȃً‫ޤ‬Щߤ࣐಑
ћᅮ‫ޠ‬ȶЉ፮ᢏ‫܉‬ȷȇ஡Ϝ୾΢ᗀ‫ޠ‬Љ΢ӬΚЩߤ࣐౴ႁ঱‫ܝ‬ල‫ޠ‬ȶ‫ڸ‬
ᒚȷȇ஡ੀ‫ޑ‬य‫ޤ‬Щߤ࣐စᡜऌᏱȟȂᄈ౪Ᏹঢ়ᇅၒ΢‫ޠ‬ᜱ߾η‫׈‬ӓཥ
ᓀΠȄ
ऩӒҢӶ‫ڐ‬ऽН஠຀ The Chinese RenaissanceȞȮϜ୾Н᛻ඉᑺȯȟ
ϜࡿяȈϜ୾ভхпࡤȃϥѳၽ୞пࠊȂϑึҢႇѳԪН᛻ඉᑺȈ㉾ۡ
‫ޠ‬౱ҢȂхߓϜ୾НϾಒΚԪඉᑺȄ‫׉‬хུᏑᏱпзߺলᏱ‫ڦ‬хϜзख
ۡఁȂѠࣽԚ࢑ಒΡԪН᛻ඉᑺȄ݃хᔜԣᇅതӲϊᇴᑺକȂᄈན௒ᇅ
΢໣Ңࣁ዆፹‫ۅ‬ดႷඵȂѠᆏ࣐ಒήԪН᛻ඉᑺȄఽхᐕᏱᄈ౪ᏱЇ
‫׫‬ȂӶНᝧः‫ف‬αழ‫ٿ‬२ຝᜍᐄ‫ུޠ‬Р‫ݳ‬Ȃ࢑ಒѳԪН᛻ඉᑺȄ
46! ࢈τϜНᏱൣ! ಒΫ෉

‫ڐ‬ϜȂуᇰ࣐τѠ‫ݨ‬ཏ‫ޠ‬Ȃ࢑โԨੀ‫ޑ‬ጐ౪‫ޠ‬লᏱᆡઢȂึ৥яΠ
ȶѠ՘‫ޠ‬ऌᏱР‫ݳ‬ȷȄӶቌঅ‫ق‬ಜαȂуউԥ຀ᇅߗх՚РऌᏱӤኻ‫ޠ‬
ᛅᅹᆡઢȂѬ݉௄ᜍᐄՅϛሇ߭᠍ࡅȇӶР‫ݳ‬αȂуউ्ؒؑঐ౪፤ȃ
ؑঐᇮّᏱ‫ޠ‬ᢏᘉȃؑࢳᐤѭചख़എ्ԥ‫ٲ‬ᄃ‫ٸ‬ᐄȄ
ࢉစ‫׉‬хН᛻ඉᑺϟࡤȂϜ୾Ӷ‫׉‬пࡤΥԼԒ‫ޠ‬ᐤѭϜȂጃᄃϑᎵ
ԚΠΚᆎȶऌᏱ༉ಜȷȄґ‫ٿ‬ԒሇΚхȂѬ्֝Ԟ՚Р౪፤ȃᎵԚᄃᡜ
ಭᄜȃජඬၽңᆡஞ቉Ꮳ‫׭ޠ‬ѾȂᘜ಴ѡՃಭᄜ‫ޠ‬ณཏဏ‫ښܱޠ‬ȂऌᏱ
Н݃൸૗ӶϜ୾༉ಜН݃α᝸៊ҢߞȄӱ࣐ȂऌᏱ֊ȶ‫ق‬ಜ‫ޤޠ‬ᜌȷȂ
঩࢑Ϝ୾ੀ‫ޑ‬ጐ౪ࡧདྷ‫ޠ‬Ӭ౪ึ৥ɂHu Shih. The Chinese Renaissance:
The Haskell Lectures 1933ȞChicago: The University of Chicago Press.
1934ȟ, Chapter 3.Ƀ
‫׉‬хН᛻ඉᑺϟࠊȂᕬۡ‫ޠ‬Н᛻ඉᑺȂᐄऩᎍࣽȂࠍ࢑Ϝ୾ࡧདྷᄈ
Ӡ࡚ࡧདྷ‫ޠ‬९‫ڽ‬ȄบԄஆ࿝ུఁᄈ঩ӒЉлఁ‫ޠ‬९‫ڽ‬ȂኁతΠΚϹ቉
ԓȃᙅࡷȃ᝜ਆȃ‫܉‬စȃ‫܉‬դȃԌᢏȃդ჌ȃჅ߶ȃ‫๊ࡢר‬ȄկԄԫᗚ
ϛ஋Ȅࠓۡᕬ‫ໍ؂‬ΚؐȂഀᕬۢηኁଷΠȈȶ࿌Сࠓіϟ‫ލ‬Ȃ਴Ґϟᘉ
Ѭ࢑іۡ२՘ȂՅࠓۡ२‫ޤ‬Ȅіۡ२ӶҦۢึኌȂՅࠓۡࠍ२Ӷпኌឹ
ۢȄࢉኌ૗ȃઢཽᗷπᇴۢኌӬΚȂ‫ڐ‬ᄃуউѬᇰூኌȂϛᇰூۢȄԫ
࢑Ϝ୾ࡧདྷѭα‫ޠ‬๙τ၍ܺȄᕬᏱҐϑ௮ଷΠΚϹНԆሬ‫ڸ‬቉ԓሬȂด
ՅᗚԥঐᕬۢӶȄ‫ۡࠓژޣ‬я‫ٿ‬ȂഀᕬۢηΚ௮ՅޫȂ٦Ϙ࢑ᄖ‫ޠۼ‬၍
ܺΠȷȞȲೊᐪτ৲ઢཽ༉ȳȂȮऩᎍձࠣ໲ȯΚϳȂॳΚήϥȟȄ
਱ȈԄԫ፤ভ‫׉‬Ȃᙐ‫࢑ޣ‬ቇ‫ݎ‬ഐᇮȄпኌ࣐‫ޤ‬ȃп࣐ۢ՘Ȃϑ࢑τ
ᇳȇᒞࠓۡпኌឹۢ߰࢑ϛֳᕬȃϛ्ᕬۢȂ‫࢑؂‬઱ၘȄऩᎍः‫ف‬ႇᕬ
ۡѭȂഥᄈᕬۡԄԫႥጱȂϛ‫ޤ‬ᕬۡϬԥᘏ‫ݔ‬ȃϬԥԌኃȃϬԥఽ೤ȃ
Ϭԥ‫ࡢר‬ȃϬԥᙅࡷȃϬԥ᝜߻ȃϬԥ቉ԓȃϬԥစ‫ڑ‬ȃϬҴНԆȂᄃ
ൟᓨოȄ
уᄈ‫׉‬хࡧདྷ‫ޠ‬ඣख़ȂηӤኻ࢑‫ݭ‬ᅖ‫ڐ‬ፚȄ‫׉‬΢ϟੀ‫ޑ‬य‫ޤ‬Ȃ਴Ґ
ϛ࢑ऌᏱᄃᜍ‫ޠ‬Р‫ݳ‬Ȃ‫ܛ‬пӁώლّȈ
ȶੀ‫޲ޑ‬ȂᎍၿϟۗȂమࡧੀ‫ޑ‬Ȃ
ࠍ‫ڿ‬ϑߗၿ‫ؽ‬Ȅ࢑եηȉϑԞ‫ڐ‬ЗՅϛܺηȷ
ȞȮᒹਫȯ
ȂΡϥȟ
ȶੀ‫ޑ‬ጐ
౪Ȃߩ࢑्ጐᅿЉίϟ‫ޑ‬ȂկܼΚ‫ޑٲ‬αጐᅿȂ‫ڐ‬уѠп᜹௱ȄՎԄّ
ׄȂ‫ܛڐ‬пׄ޲ԄեȷȞΫϥȟȂȶ‫ܗ‬ୱȈໍঔϟ೛եӒȉТȈೄӒܼҔ
ЗၗཏȄၗཏӶय‫ޤ‬Ȃय‫ޤ‬Ӷੀ‫ޑ‬ȷ
ȞΫΥȟ
Ȅੀ‫ޑ‬Ȃ࢑࣐Πय‫ޤ‬Ȅ‫ޤ‬Ϩ
ቅ‫ں‬ȉ‫ޤ‬࿳‫ޑ‬ϟ౪Ȅጐ౪ȂΞ૗ᅿ‫ܓ‬Ȅࢉੀ‫ޑ‬य‫ޤ‬Ȃ࢑З‫ܓ‬ঔᎵα‫ޠ‬Ϗ
 ϛԇӶ‫ޠ‬༉ಜȈ፤ചз㟡‫׶ޠ‬௒༉ಜ! 47

ЊȄӁώមੀȶ‫ޑ‬ϟ‫ޑ‬ȷ
Ȃᖟȶׄȷ࣐ᇴȂ֊࢑ԫཏȄ
Ȯᒹਫȯ‫ڣ‬ΫΥέ
ϢȈ
ȶय‫ޤ‬Ӷੀ‫ޑ‬Ȃੀ‫ޑ‬ϟ౪ȂϛसࢦϟܼٙȂ‫ڐ‬ூЏϹȷ
Ȃԫᇅ‫ڣ‬ΝᇴȈ
ȶय‫ޤ‬ȂկЦܼՎ๢Ȅ࣐΢φЦܼׄȃ࣐΢ЯЦܼཐϟ᜹Ȅϛ໹ѵ८Ȅ
Ѭଡ଼ᢏ‫ޑ‬౪ȂԸดҔԄၾᚪณ‫ܛ‬ᘫηȷȂഎᡘұੀ‫ޑ‬ϟ‫ޑ‬Ȃϛᔗ௄ѵӶ
ᄃርԇӶ‫ࡋޠ‬ᢏ‫ޑ‬αџؒȂՅ࢑ၿ኉ঔᎵα‫ޠ‬ୱᚡȞѫၐᠼᝊโȲ౪‫ܓ‬
ᇅߩ౪‫ܓ‬Ȉ፤ߗх‫ޤ‬ᜌϸφ‫ޠ‬౪‫ܓ‬ᆡઢȳȂԞΤȮߗхࡧདྷѭය፤ȯѯ
іȈ‫ݎ‬τშਫϵѨȂ1990ȟȄ
ചӒҢ‫׈‬ӓ‫ܜ‬᠜Πऩᎍ‫ޠ‬ᓀᇳȂ‫ױٯ‬ၒ΢ၮ౪Ᏹঢ়ᄈҴକ‫ٿ‬Ȃᇴࠓ
‫ޠ׉‬ၒ΢ᇅၒᏱ֊࢑ȶᄈѽτ‫ޠ‬౪Ᏹਣхዙࢻ‫ޠ‬Ї୞ȷȄ
Ѡ࢑уϛ݃Ҫ౪Ᏹঢ়Ґٙ߰Ӽ࢑ၒ΢ȂԨᐺ൸࢑຀ӫ‫پޠ‬φȄȮ‫׉‬
ϰᏱ਱ȯ‫ ڣ‬59 ‫؂‬ᇴႇȈȶϜᑺՅࡤȂᏱၿ፞ϵȂӼ౦ܼၒȂ֗۩ϧȃ
෇ӢЯȃቔ࡞‫ؠ‬Ȃ‫ڠڐ‬ด޲ȷȂ‫ࡤڐ‬ȶᏱၿՅϏၒ޲ȷ‫؂‬ԥሂᒂȃᗻዞ
ࢷ๊Ȅӱԫࠓ‫׉‬ၒᏱϟ੬ᘉȂ࡭Ԃϛ࢑Їᄈ౪ᏱȂՅ࢑ᏱၿՅϏၒ޲ಁȂ
ӱԫϘԥΚτஃᗀȶਃȷȶࣁ‫ݳ‬ȷȶᏱၒԄᏱၿȷȶᏱၒԄᏱчȷȶᏱ
ၒԄ୥ᕬȷ‫ޠ‬ᇴ‫ݳ‬ȄചӒҢ࡭Ԃ‫ٲױ‬௒དྷЇΠȂดࡤέ‫ױ‬୥ᕬᏱၒϟ᜹
ᗀ‫ݳ‬Щߤܼ՚РϟઢઝлဏȂ༅‫׷‬Κ೾ȂࢉณΚᇮϛᇳȄ
‫ם‬Ԛ೼ኻ‫ޠ‬ᓀᇳȂҼߓ౫ΠചӒҢ࢑‫ױ‬՚Р௒౪ΡϰᄈҴ‫ޠ‬ዂԓ਍
‫׉ࠓࣽٿ‬Ȃ‫ܛ‬пϘཽᇴ੐ᅟ‫׶ޠ‬௒֊࢑౪‫ܓ‬ᆡઢ‫ޠ‬ᄈЇ८Ȅ

ήȃࡧདྷ

ҦܼചӒҢΚೲӵң՚Р‫׶‬௒ၒ‫ࡠࣽٿ‬Ϝ୾ၒΞՎᐍঐϜ୾Н
ᏱȂӱԫуΚ‫ึءޣ‬౫Ϝ୾ᗷηᗀȶึኛп‫׶‬௒ȷȞྀ᜞ᇮȟȂկϜ୾
НᏱ‫׶ޠ‬௒ࠔढ़౵ܼ՚Р੐ᅟлဏϜ‫׶ޠ‬௒Ȅեпढ़౵‫ں‬ȉԫ‫܅ߩ׶‬
‫׶‬ȃԫ௒ߩ‫܅‬௒ηȄ
ചӒҢ‫ڸ‬೩Ӽᗀȶ‫׶‬௒༉ಜȷ‫ޠ‬ӒҢউഎ‫܈‬౲ΠȈϜ୾༉ಜၒ΢ᇅ
ၒ፤Ӷᗀၒᇅ௒‫ޠ‬ᜱ߾ਣȂΚૢ࡟Ўᇴȶ‫׶‬௒ȷȂ೾ள‫ٻ‬ң‫ޠ‬ມཋ࢑ȶጣ
௒ȷȃȶၒ㤲௒‫ܓ‬ȷȶၒҐ‫ܓ‬௒ȷ‫ܗ‬ȶ‫ܓ‬᡺ȷ๊๊Ȅ‫پ‬ԄഛᐡȲН፮ȳ
ᇴȈȶၒጣ௒Յᆬ᜶ȷȂᗪᔓȲၒࠣ‫ז‬ȳᇴȈȶ཯ᒁ‫ܓ‬᡺ȃ‫ם‬፞ᇇຟȷȂ
‫ؖ‬኉዗ᇴȈȶၒີ‫ܓ‬௒ȷȂଁ‫ݜ‬ᇴȈȶၒҐ‫ܓ‬௒ȷ๊Ȅ೼‫ٳ‬ມȂᡘұΠ
Ϝ୾ၒ፤Ϝᄈ௒‫ޠ‬ଇ፤྄࣐ፓᚖȂ‫ٯ‬ϛѬ࢑ঐᡞϲЗϟՍҪ೼ቅᙐ൑Ȅ
48! ࢈τϜНᏱൣ! ಒΫ෉

Ӷᇴȶጣ௒ȷਣȂ೼ঐ௒Ξ࢑ӱ੊᜹དᔗՅೞჃᕞକ‫ޠٿ‬Ȃࢉᗪᔓ
ϢȈȶ੊ϟ୞‫ޑ‬Ȃ‫ޑ‬ϟད΢Ȃࢉ཯ᒁ‫ܓ‬᡺Ȃ‫ם‬፞ᇇຟȷȶसΞࢍॴࢍഩȃ
ऎУऎᙫȃৈ໵සߧȃэУߒ൲Ȃලѳ঑ϟད፞ၒ޲ηȷȄቔ቗ϢȈȶད
‫ע֦ޑ‬ȂೄߩՍดȷȂࡿ‫ޠ‬η࢑೼ΚቺȂȲ‫ޑ‬ՔȳΚ጖ȂЏ‫ڐ‬໲Ϝ፤ԫȄ
ȲН፮ȳϢȈȶᒴѳਣпოംȂᙂ࿳‫ޑ‬ՅࡧીȂඎဤဩܼࠑऎȂൊ࢚఩
ܼ߀ࢍȷȂ‫ܛ‬ᇴ‫ޠ‬η࢑೼ঐၿ౪Ȅࢉጣ௒η޲Ȃᄃ፵ϲৡ֊࢑ད‫ޑ‬ȂȮН
ЗΘ‫ޑ‬ՔȯϢȈȶ࢑пၒ΢ད‫ޑ‬Ȃᖓ᜹ϛጐȷȂᗀ‫ޠ‬൸࢑ጣ௒Ȅ௒࢑ད
‫ޑ‬Յ୞‫ܗޠ‬ᛈጣѵ‫ޑ‬ՅҢ‫ޠ‬Ȃ‫ܛ‬пϘᆏ࣐ȶད௒ȷ‫ܗ‬ȶጣ௒ȷȄ
՚Р‫׶‬௒ၒณԫ੊᜹དᔗ‫ޠ‬লᏱϲోȂ‫ܛ‬пѬ࢑‫׶‬௒Ȃϛ࢑ጣ௒Ȃ
‫ڐ‬௒ϟϲోηӓด౵፹Ȅ‫׶‬௒Ȃ࢑‫ױ‬ՍϐϲӶ‫ޠ‬௒ࡧߓႁя‫ٿ‬Ȅད‫ޑ‬Յ
୞ϟ௒Ȃጣ௒Յᆬ᜶Ȃࠔ࢑२Ӷᇴ೼ঐ௒Ξ࢑ᇅ‫ࣻޑ‬དՅҢ‫ޠ‬Ȃϛ࢑Ս
‫ש‬ϲӶϟՍҪᇅ་ຨȄചӒҢᡘด‫ݨء‬ཏηϛᐏூ೼ঐϜ՚ࡧདྷϲోα
‫ޠ‬ৰ౵Ȃ‫ܛ‬пӶၒϟȶᑺȷ‫ޠ‬ୱᚡα፳‫ך‬КࢳȂՄ‫ٿ‬ՄџȂߩளٝԣӵ
དྷᜍ݃ȶᑺȷ֊࢑ᇇ޲ାᖟᚗᖘึя‫ڴ‬െȄᗀΠљЉՅ਴Ґϛ‫ޤ‬ᑺϟҐ
ဏ൸࢑ᑺདȇηϛ‫्ޤ‬Π၍ၒϟདᑺ‫ٯ‬ϛ໹௄ѡНԆȃ΢᜹ᏱၦਠϜџ
τୖ୽φࠏ஽‫׳‬๏਱ȂՅᔗџΠ၍Ϝ୾੊᜹དᑺ‫ޠ‬লᏱȄ
Ϝ୾Ս‫ٿ‬ηϛ෇჌੐ᅟлဏ޲٦ኻᄈ௒㊆ႷࡈඵϟȂϜ୾༉ಜলᏱ
‫ڸ‬ၒᏱᄈད‫ޑ‬Յ୞‫ޠ‬௒എ࢑ԥឍ௘‫ޠ‬Ȃ‫ܛ‬пӶ௒ϟѵ‫ש‬উᗚ्ᇴ‫ܓ‬Ȅ௒
࢑ད‫ޑ‬Յ୞‫ޠ‬Ȃ୞ϟϛϑȂ൸ཽяୱᚡȂȶ‫ޑ‬ϟད΢ณጐȂՅ΢ϟԂඍ
ณ࿾Ȃࠍ࢑‫ޑ‬ՎՅ΢Ͼ‫ޑ‬ηȄ΢Ͼ‫ޑ‬η޲ȂྟЉ౪Յጐ΢మ޲ηȷȲᙅ
Ȅ೼ਣ൸्ึඵ΢‫ޠܓ‬Ҕ८Ω໕Ȃᡲ௒ϟึ૗஋ȶึՅϜ࿾ȷȄ
ଅΘ዆ଅȳ
೼ঐᄈ௒ԥ࿾‫ښ‬ԥ።࿾‫ޠ‬РԓȂᆏ࣐ȶ‫ڐܓ‬௒ȷȄ‫ڏ‬ᡞңӶНᏱ഻ձαȂ
ࠍ࢑஽።ձ޲ᔗԥ‫ݾ‬ЗᎵ੊ϟ᜹ϏЊȂϘ૗ᗘռྣ௒ϟ୒உȄ‫ש‬উᄈܼ
Κ՞ձঢ়‫ޠ‬ຠቌȂ‫܂܂‬ηпу૗ϛ૗‫׃‬๢ӵ೏౪‫ڐ‬ད௒࣐ցᘟȂԄȮጿ
ቷЊၒၘȯᇴȈ

φࠕϟືȂ‫ڐ‬ነඎኜ௏ϟოȂᖑܼၒ޲Ȃ੬࣐ሗྀȌȌȂ‫ڞ‬
пኛԬȂґ࣐ႁ౪ηȄ዆Љࢌଞ໢Ȃܺ੐‫ޑ‬ѵȂस઎૗಴০
ଗୗ޲ȄดᄹଚூѷϟርȂሞሞၷ໕ȂՅՍँ‫ڐ‬ႁȂؑၒґ
ლϛ຀ԫཏȄ࢑ଐ઎૗‫נ‬ϟ޲ࠛȉҼΩാϟՇȂ௚ే݃ࠍϛ
ดȌȌȄ
 ϛԇӶ‫ޠ‬༉ಜȈ፤ചз㟡‫׶ޠ‬௒༉ಜ! 49

ఽ΢ሂӢς෇ᇴȈȶၒҐ‫ܓ‬௒ȄӼඎӼ዆Ȃϛռ‫ܓ‬௒ϟ୒ȷȄၒ΢ଷΠ
ၒ‫׭‬᛻ϟѵȂ፤޲ᖃᗚ्௄ၒѰϜџᢏᄇуԄե።౪ඎൊϟ୒Յூ‫ܓ‬௒
ϟҔȄ‫ܛ‬пϜ୾༉ಜၒ፤ȂЎᇴ‫׶‬௒ȂӼّၒҐ‫ܓ‬௒Ȃ፤௒ϛ‫ܓّנ‬Ȃ
૗‫ڐܓ‬௒Ȃ௒Ϙ૗ூоϜ՘Ȅ೼Κτ৉Ȃഎ࢑՚Р੐ᅟлဏ޲‫ܛ‬ϛ‫ڏ‬
റ‫ޠ‬Ȅ

ѳȃ๗ᇮ

೾ႇ೼‫ٳ‬Ϝ՚ࡧདྷ‫ޠ‬ਸ౪Ȃ‫ש‬উϛᜳࣽяചӒҢᄈϜ୾༉ಜϟ६
ҢȄᄈϜ୾ၒ‫ڸ‬Ϝ୾༉ಜࡧདྷȂу࢑ԥȶႥȷ‫ޠ‬Ȅӱԫу‫ܛ‬ϼ୛‫׶ޠ‬௒
༉ಜȂᄃ࣐Ϝ୾༉ಜ‫ܛ‬ณȄ
Ґ‫שٿ‬ᗚདྷଭᄈചӒҢ‫ܛ‬ᇴঐᡞ‫׶‬௒ᇅထᡞᑺᇇȃНԆᇅॲ዆๊ୱ
ᚡӕ୉‫ٳ‬ᒲ‫ݚ‬Ȃկ٦‫ٳ‬ୱᚡၷϊȂѬ࢑ചӒҢঐ΢ࡼ፤ϛ๢‫ܛ‬यȂ‫ۓ‬й
ࣹ౲Π֒Ȅ ȪೱӉጢਯȈᄒஏ૯ȫ

л्୥Մਫҭ

஠຀

֗ҔඐȂȮ‫׶‬௒༉ಜᇅ࢈‫ݾ‬౫ᄃȯȂѯіȈτԋя‫ަޏ‬Ȃ1989
ାЅϏȂ
ȮϜ୾ज‫ڑ‬ᇅНᏱः‫ف‬፤໲ȯ
ȂѯіȈѯᢋτᏱя‫ޏ‬ϜЗȂ2004
஼ుॸȂȮ‫׶‬௒༉ಜ‫ࡧࣹޠ‬ᇅ௥સȯȂѯіȈτԋя‫ަޏ‬Ȃ1992
ചз㟡຀ȃ྇‫ސ‬ጢȂȮചз㟡НԇȯȂѯіȈ‫ע‬Ня‫ަޏ‬Ȃ1972
ചз㟡຀ȃചφ๢ጢȂȮചз㟡НԇȯȂᒸᄀȈఁ‫ي‬я‫ަޏ‬Ȃ1998
ᒄႼȂȮϜ୾‫׶‬௒༉ಜȯȂѯіȈϱఒя‫ަޏ‬Ȃ1992
ᠼᝊโȂȮНᏱ‫״‬ຠ‫ޠ‬ຝഐȯȂѯіȈτԋя‫ަޏ‬Ȃ1990

஠ਫ፤Н

ച୾౩Ȃ
Ȳ‫׶‬௒ᆡઢᇅϜ୾НᏱ༉ಜȈ඾ᄃջ፤Ϝ୾НᏱȳ
ȂȮ౫хϜ୾ȯ
ಒ 10 ᒯȂі‫ٶ‬Ȉіτя‫ަޏ‬Ȃ2008
50! ࢈τϜНᏱൣ! ಒΫ෉

෉ё፤Н

ച୾౩Ȃ
Ȳȶ‫׶‬௒༉ಜ፤ȷпࠊ˕˕ചз㟡ԟ෉НᏱ፤ߒ௥ȳ
ȂȮసԱϜН
Ᏹൣȯ18 ෉Ȃ2008
༂ᓇᐚȂȲ‫׶‬௒༉ಜᇅ౫х‫ܓ‬ȳȂȮϜѵНᏱȯ34 ‫ ڣ‬2 ෉Ȃ2005
 ϛԇӶ‫ޠ‬༉ಜȈ፤ചз㟡‫׶ޠ‬௒༉ಜ! 51

ቸࢦཏُᄣ्

ಒΚ՞ቸࢦ΢Ȉ
ҐН൸Ϝ୾НᏱ‫׶‬௒༉ಜ‫ึޠ‬ᆓ˕˕ചз㟡ӒҢϟѳ጖ࣻᜱ
፤НȂණя२τ፵ᅹȂϸրӶ‫״‬ຠР‫ݳ‬ȃវຝຝࣩȂпІϜ
୾༉ಜࡧདྷϲో๊τРӪαȂޮᖟҴ፤޲‫ޢޠ‬ᘉȂпᡘึച
Ы‫ܛ‬ඣᛳ‫ޠ‬ȶ‫׶‬௒༉ಜȷ‫ٯ‬ϛ઎ᄃᄻԚϜ୾НᏱ‫ึޠ‬৥༉ಜȄ
‫ڐ‬ᇴп՚ࡢϜȂࠔᄈϜ୾ᐍᡞНϾᝓ२६ҢȂࡼ‫ڐ‬ᇴп‫ݾ‬Ϝ
୾НᏱȂ҇Ӽԥࠉ٘ᎍቻ᪢ੀϛ೾ϟ೏Ȅ
ᜱܼϜ୾НᏱ‫׶‬௒༉ಜ‫ޠ‬၍ម࢝ᄻȂҐНձ޲ӼԒ‫ٿ‬ᄃϑᄉᄉ
ࡿച‫ڐ‬ᄓȂ‫ܛ‬ኦӼ጖፤Нτ໕ϼ‫ڏׯ‬ᡞНᝧȃវ݃ᐤѭ௒ძȂ
ࡿяԫ၍ម࢝ᄻ౐‫ڨ‬ϥѳਣхతЇ༉ಜ᠜‫ڦ‬՚Ᏹ‫ޠ‬ኈ៫ȂՅԥ
‫୒ܛ‬உȄҐН፤ᘉϬ‫ࠊ۾‬ᇴȂկឋᚡ໲ϜȂ‫ޣ‬ԛ਴ྜȂ‫״‬ሼΩ
ၿΫ٘ȂӶȶ‫׶‬௒༉ಜȷ౿՘ϟϭСȂ҇૗Жକኅ‫ހ‬ଇ፤Ȃᐮ
ึᄈԫሴ‫ڏ‬ኈ៫Ωϟᇴ‫౐ݳ‬ΤࡧՄȂܼᒲ݃Ᏹ೛஡ԥೄτֆઊȄ

ಒΡ՞ቸࢦ΢Ȉ
ҐН‫ޠ‬ኦձРԓȂሴ᜹ծᗀᅌᐍ౪‫ܗ‬Κૢ‫ܓ‬ឋ፤НതȂмࣽ
ϟί‫ߩݏ‬Ᏹ೛፤ख़ȂᄃࠍϛดȄӶᏱ೛ُ၍αȂձ޲፵ᅹച
з㟡ӒҢ‫ܛ‬ᒞϜ୾НᏱȶ‫׶‬௒༉ಜȷ‫ޠ‬ᢏ‫܉‬ȂԥᄻԚȃ௱ो
‫ޠ‬ᙳᇳᇅ‫ޢ‬ᘉȂՅՍȶР‫ݳ‬ȷȃȶຝࣩȷȃȶࡧདྷȷήঐቺ८Ȃ
ഃΚᔯଇ‫״‬ሼȂϸրණяചз㟡ӒҢᒶ؆୒ሴ‫ޠ‬ୱᚡȃп՚
ࡢϜ‫ޠ‬ୱᚡȂпІᄈܼϜ୾༉ಜȶጣ௒ȷ
ȶ‫ܓ‬௒ȷ‫܈ޠ‬౲ȄҐ
Нձ޲пᙵࠕ‫ޠ‬ᏱᎵȂ።౪ఽ඿‫ޠ‬ூяȶചӒҢᄈϜ୾༉ಜ
ϟ६Ңȷ‫ޠ‬๗፤Ȅ‫ڐ‬՘Нᄲ‫ץ‬ȃ੊༗ጂ㎄ȂᎨ᠟କ‫ٿ‬Ԅύॴ
੖ߧ᠜΢Ȃϱ࣐ᘙӵԥᖑϟ‫ٺ‬ձȄ
ҐН‫ܗ‬೩ηԥΚঢ়ϟّȃՍԚᡞ‫ޠق‬ୱᚡѠпӕଇ፤ȇ՘Н
ᄙ࡚‫ޠ‬ႇܼ‫ޣ‬౦Յϛ୆᜞ՔȂηৡܿ‫ܤ‬य‫״‬ຠȄดձ޲ණя
ᄈܼȶ‫׶‬௒༉ಜȷ‫ޠ‬ЇࣹȂҔ࢑Ᏹ೛ᆡઢ‫ߓޠ‬౫Ȃࣦܼϥѳ
ϟॴȂঅூ޼ۢȄ