Science 9

Part 1

Dominant vs. Recessive

 A dominant allele is expressed even if it is paired with a recessive allele.
 A recessive allele is only visible when paired with another recessive allele.
 Ex: B – dominant brown hair allele
 b – recessive black hair allele

Homozygous Heterozygous
- “Homo” means the same - “Hetero” means different
- Homozygous – both alleles are the - Heterozygous the alleles are
same. (purebred) different (hybrid)
Ex: TT – Homozygous dominant Ex: Tt – Heterozygous
tt – Homozygous recessive

GENOTYPE VS PHENOTYPE
 The allele pair for each characteristic is called genotype.
 The physical expression (observable trait) of an allele pair is the phenotype.

Part 2

NON- MENDELIAN PATTERNS OF INHERITANCE

Incomplete Dominance
 A heterozygote shows a phenotype that is intermediate between the two homozygous
phenotypes.
 Neither allele is dominant over the other.
 Blending of both alleles.
Ex:

Codominance
 It is a form of dominance in which two alleles are equally strong and are both visible in the
hybrid genotype.

MULTIPLE ALLELES
 Involves more than two alleles that are possible to code a certain characteristic.
 It gives more diverse traits coded by genes.
Sex-Linked Traits
 Controlled by genes that are found on the X chromosome, but not on the Y chromosome in
humans.
 The X chromosome is larger and has more genes than the Y chromosome. Such is not the case
for males since they are XY and will only have one copy of the genes that are located on the X
chromosome.

 An example of this is the human blood type.

Ex: