Unit 10 Wordlist Macmillan English Hub C1  

Part of
Word/Phrase speech IPA (UK) IPA (USA) Definition Sample sentence
Culture and heritage
architectural adjective ˌɑː(r)kɪˈtektʃ(ə)rəl ˌɑrkɪˈtektʃərəl relating to architecture The little town of
Stein-am-Rhein is an
architectural gem.
designate verb ˈdezɪɡneɪt to formally choose Due to her experience
someone or something for a and skills, she was
particular purpose designated to chair
the committee.
endanger verb ɪnˈdeɪndʒə(r) ɪnˈdeɪndʒər to put someone or something The hospital is accused
into a situation where they of endangering
might be harmed or damaged patients’ lives.
fund noun fʌnd an amount of money that you They’ve set up a fund
collect, save or invest to help survivors of
the earthquake.
habitat noun ˈhæbɪtæt the type of place that a As a result of
particular animal usually lives deforestation, this bird
in or a particular plant usually is in danger of losing its
grows in, for example a desert, natural habitat.
forest or lake
heritage noun ˈherɪtɪdʒ the art, buildings, traditions The city has a rich
and beliefs that a society heritage and is proud
considers important to its of its art, literature and
history and culture architecture.
preserve verb prɪˈzɜː(r)v prɪˈzɜrv to take care of a place or The society works to
building in order to prevent preserve the district’s
it from being harmed historic buildings.
or destroyed
refurbish verb riːˈfɜː(r)bɪʃ ˌriˈfɜrbɪʃ to improve a room or a The hotel was
building by cleaning and completely refurbished
painting it, adding new last year.
furniture or equipment, etc.
ruins noun ˈruːɪnz ˈruɪn the parts of a building that People had built shelters
remain after it has been among the ruins of
severely damaged the city.
settlement noun ˈset(ə)lmənt a place where people have They discovered
come to live permanently, the remains of an
usually when there were very early Anglo-Saxon
few people living there before settlement.
Nouns with to
desire to noun dɪˈzaɪə tuː dɪˈzaɪər tu a strong feeling of wanting to Young people have no
do something desire to work for the
government.
failure to noun ˈfeɪljə tuː ˈfeɪljər tu a lack of success in She is depressed by her
doing something continued failure to find
a job.
obligation to noun ˌɒblɪˈgeɪʃən tuː ˌɑbləˈgeɪʃən tu something that you must do Buyers have no
for legal or moral reasons legal obligation to
disclose personal
financial information.
readiness to noun ˈredɪnɪs tuː ˈredinəs tu the state of being willing to He expressed his
do something readiness to accept
the challenge.
refusal to noun rɪˈfjuːzəl tuː rəˈfjuzəl tu the act of refusing to The protesters
do something considered several
options, including a
refusal to pay taxes.

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Unit 10 Wordlist Macmillan English Hub C1  

Part of
Word/Phrase speech IPA (UK) IPA (USA) Definition Sample sentence
reluctance to noun rɪˈlʌktəns tuː rɪˈlʌktəns tu a feeling of being unwilling to Julia’s reluctance to join
do something or of wishing the party was a mystery.
that you did not have to do it
reminder to noun rɪˈmaɪndə tuː riˈmaɪndər tu something that reminds you of This is just a reminder
something that you need to do to let you know
or need to remember that Stefan’s arriving
on Saturday.
responsibility to noun rɪsˌpɒnsəˈbɪlɪti tuː riˌspɑnsəˈbɪləti tu a duty that you have to do It is your responsibility
because it is part of your job to provide us with
or position concrete evidence.
tendency to noun ˈtendənsi tuː ˈtendənsi tu a strong chance that You have a tendency to
something will happen in a avoid arguments.
particular way
urge to noun ɜːʤ tuː ən ɜrʤ tu a strong feeling of wanting or Suddenly I had an
needing to do something overwhelming urge to
kiss him.
Word building
apathetic adjective ˌæpəˈθetɪk not at all interested in or No matter how
enthusiastic about anything hard the teacher
and not willing to make any tried, the students
effort to change things remained apathetic.
citizenship noun ˈsɪtɪz(ə)nʃɪp the legal right to be a citizen of Mary has dual British and
a particular country American citizenship.
congressional adjective kənˈɡreʃ(ə)n(ə)l relating to a congress There is a congressional
meeting of members of
the national legislative
body every December.
dysfunctional adjective dɪsˈfʌŋkʃ(ə)nəl dysfunctional relationships do They are quite a
not work normally and are not dysfunctional family
happy or successful and are always arguing
with each other.
entrepreneurship noun ˌɒntrəprəˈnɜːʃɪp ˌɑntrəprəˈnɜrʃɪp the activity of using money The government has cut
to start businesses and make taxes to encourage more
business deals entrepreneurship.
ethical adjective ˈeθɪk(ə)l involving the principles used He had ethical
for deciding what is right and objections to the idea.
what is wrong
interactivity noun ˌɪntərækˈtɪvəti the ability of a computer Interactivity is an
program, etc. to react to the important part of
information and instructions the exhibition.
that you give it
neighbourhood noun ˈneɪbə(r)ˌhʊd ˈneɪbərˌhʊd a particular area of a city He lives in our
or town neighbourhood.
passionate adjective ˈpæʃ(ə)nət showing or expressing strong She was passionate
beliefs, interest or enthusiasm about flying.
unpersuasive adjective ˌʌnpəˈsweɪsɪv ʌnpərˈsweɪsɪv not good at making people His arguments were
agree to do or believe what unpersuasive.
you want them to

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Published by Macmillan Education, a division of Springer Nature Limited. © Springer Nature Limited, 2020. This page may be photocopied and used within the class. 2