Unit 4

THE PATIENT IN THE TREATMENT

SETTING

Course Outcome: Appraise the various

health-care services

Topics
Using health services
Recognition and interpretation of symptoms
People who use health services
Misusing health services
Patient-provider relationships
Health care provider
Nature – consequence of poor communication
Ways for improvement
Hospital setting: structure and functioning of hospital
Burnout among health care professions
Impact of hospitalization of the patient
Management of pain and discomfort
Significance – nature – clinical issues – pain
Control techniques
Management of chronic pain
Placebo effect
 Assignment
Interview a doctor about Interview a person who has
one of their difficult case gone through a major illness

Diagnosis Interpretation of the

Communication symptoms
Management of Or Communication
pain/discomfort Management of
pain/discomfort
Adherence
Adherence
Influence on Self
Impact of hospitalisation
Receiving health care is a multifaceted process

1. Recognise the symptoms

2. Interpret the symptoms
3. React to the symptoms
4. Accessing health care
5. Comply with medical recommendations
Recognition of symptoms

Individual differences
Cultural differences
Attentional differences
Situational factors
Stress
Mood
Interpretation of symptoms

Prior experience
Expectations
Seriousness of the symptoms
Who uses health services?

Age
Gender
Social class
Culture
Social Psychological factors
 Misusing health services

Over using Delay using

Excessive use of medical services

Worried well
Somaticizers
Medical complaints seem more
legitimate than psychological
complaints
Secondary gains
 Delay behaviour

Delay refers to the time between when

a person recognises a symptom and
when the person obtain treatment .

Appraisal delay
Illness delay
Behavioral delay
Medical delay
 Who Delays?

Financially unstable than stable

Middle age more than elderly
People fearful of doctors/hospitals/medical services
Non-users
Previous experience of similar symptoms
Delay after first visit
Pain and Pain
management
Significance of pain

Provide low-level feedbacks

Makes you seek treatment

Misunderstanding between patient-provider

Can lead to anxiety and depression
 Types of pain

Acute Chronic

Chronic benign pain

Recurrent acute pain
Chronic progressive pain
Pain control
Pharmacological control of pain
Surgical control of pain
Sensory control of pain
Biofeedback
Relaxation techniques
Hypnosis
Acupuncture
Distraction
Guided imagery