ds

SyiD1oSis, ImutualisSm, co nmensalism,

parasitism, competition, antibiosis etc.,
It gives information relating to population explosion, growth and
population growth on the resource consumption and national economy.
development, impact of

Itexplains the coexistence of both living and non-living organisms and their contribution to the
nature for its sustenance.
Tt deals with relation with ethos and the impact of ethical principles in the conservation of wild life,
biodiversity and environment.
It explains the significance of forests and their
products in the human routine and in
country's
economy.
. I t gives information about water conservation, watershed management and the importance of water
asa universal solvent and the importance of the same in various physiological, bi0-chemical,
internal systems and external environment.
It explains the importance of sustainable development which is so essential for the survival of
present and future generations.
Ways/Means/Methods of creating public awareness
Publicenvironmental awareness and education can be increased by the following actions:
Generating public awareness and environmental education, particularly among targeted groups,
about relevant laws and regulations and about their rights, interests, duties and responsibilities, as
well as about the social, environmental and economic consequences of non-compliance;
.Promoting responsible action in the community through the media by involving key public players,
decision-makers and opinion-builders in such campaigns;
Organizing campaigns for fostering environmental awareness among communities, non
governmental organizations, the private sector and industrial and trade associations;
Inclusion of awareness and environmental educational programmes in schools and other
educational establishments as part of education;
Organizing campaigns for fostering environmental awareness and environmental educational
programmes for women and youth;
Organizing campaigns for encouraging public involvement in monitoring of compliance.

EXERCISE
(A)MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS
1 Environmental Studies:
(a) is an interdisciplinary academic field
(b) methodically studies human interaction with the environment
(c) includes the natural environment, built environment, and the sets of relationships between
them
(d) all of the above
Environmental Studies does not involve:
(a) psychology (b) demography
(c) ethics (d) literature
 Environmental Studies 1.28

3 An organism's environment is the surrounding conditions that affect that organism

Environment
(a) True (b) False
4. Political decision are made with respect to political jurisdictions; environmental problems
(a) often transcend these jurisdictions
(6) respect political boundaries
(c) often have little to do with regional economic decisions
(d) none of the above.
S. Environmentalist who uses an ecosystem approach to comprehend environmental issues
into consideration which of the will take
following?
(a) human activity (b) the interactions between organisms
()geography (d) all of the above
(e) none of the above
6. Abiotic environment does not include:
(a) soil
(b) water
(c) air (d) plant
7. Van Mahotsav is an annual tree-planting festival in
India, celebrated on
(a) 2 June
(6) 1 July
(c) 1 December
(d) 15 September
8. Biotic environment includes
(a) producers
(b) consumers
() decomposers (d) all the above
9. Outcomes of Rio Conference do not include:
(a)The UN Framework Convention on Climate Change
(b)The Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)
(c) Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer
(d) Commission on Sustainable Development (CSD)
10. Which of the following follow the concept of sustainable
(G) Fishing the mature fish instead of the young fish. development?
i) Using wing power instead of burning coal to
generate electricity.
(ii) The prohibition of trading endangered species.
(a) (1) and (2) only
() (2) ánd ) only
(b) (1) and (3) only
(a) (), (2) and (3)
11The evidence that the world is
of the world experiencing environmental crisis is highly visible in
an
many parts
(a) True
(b) False
12. The natural world uses
resources efficiently, while humans tend to waste
(a) True resources more.
(b) False
13. The Montreal Protocol, signed in 1987 and
strengthened in 1990,
(a) attains the global optimal level of common
property resource.
(b) relies on internationally tradable emission permits.
(c) minimizes free riders of public goods.
(a) reduces ozone depletion through the cutting of
chlorofluorocarbon production.
 Environmental Studies 1.29 Environment
14, The main outcome of the 1992 United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, held in

RiodeJaneiro, Brazil, was

(a)itproduced a blueprint intended to guide development in sustainable directions.
(b)a global agreement on a framework for environmental legislation.
(c) a report entitled Our Common Future.
(d) itraised awareness of the need to preserve biodiversity in the Amazon River Basin
15. The notion of environmental justice refers to
(a)grassroots activities that monitor environmental conditions and work toward equal
distribution of environmental impacts and benefits.
(b) rewarding those who work hard for environmental improvement, such as grassroots
organizations.
(c) environmental racism, where waste sites and other hazardous facilities are more likely to be
located in nonwhite neighborhoods.
(d) prosecution of environmental offenders by government agencies.
16. Which ofthe following global trends is of great concern for the future of our environment?
(a) degradation of fertile soils
(b)changes in the global atmosphere
( )species extinction leading to the loss of biodiversity
(4)population growth and increasing per capita consumption of resources
(e) allof the above
17. Introduction of chemicals into atmosphere is known as
(a) air pollution (b) radioactive pollution
(atmospheric pollution (d) dense pollution

18.Second highest layer of Earth's atmosphere is

(a)stratosphere (b) mesosphere
( troposphere (d) thermosphere
19.Re-processing material to make another product
(a) Reduce b) Reuse
(c) Recycle (d) Recovery
20.Most recycling focuses on four major categories of products. Which one of these is NOT one of them?
(a) Chemicals (b) Paper
( Plastic (d) Glass
21.Thefollowing is an example of reusing

(a)Using less napkins at eateries.

)Using waste plastic bags as garbage bags
Bringingplastic bottles/bags at recycle facility
) Using again the plastic/cloth bags for shopping
22. The following is an example of reducing
()Using less water while brushing teeth (b) Using recycled plastic bags
Bringing newspaper at recycle facility (d) All of the above
23.Which of the following items cannot be recycled?
(a) Food items b) Plastic
CPaper (d) Batteries
 Enviroime
1.30
Environmental Studies
24. What is the term used to describe objects that are being washed and used again?
(b) Reuse En
(a) Reduce
(c) Recycle (d) Recovery
What does it mean if an item is 'biodegradable?

(a) It means that it will eventually break down completely in nature

(b) It that it is bad for the environment
means
(c) It means that it is perfect for composting

(d) It means that it can be eaten by vultures.

26. When did the Three Mile Island accident happen?
(a) March 11, 1979 (b) March 28, 1979
(c) May 04, 2011 (d) July 5, 1967
27. The Three Mile Island accident happened in Pennsylvania. The reactor had a number of automate
safety systems. Clearly, all did not go as the designers expected. what went r o n g with the
ated
automated safety systems?
(a) Generally, they worked as designed. However, the operators overrode several of thee
systems and made the accident much worse than it would otherwise have been.
fried.
b)There was lightning strike at the plant and the electronic systems
a were

(The designers did not account for a loss of feed water to the reactor so there was no backup when
en
that supply of water was cut off.

(a) The backup supplies of cooling water were insufficient to cool the nuclear fuel.
28.There was a lot of debate on the radiation releases from the accident at Three Mile Island. What was
thefinal conclusion on the magnitude of the public exposure?
(a) The public were not exposed to dangerous levels of radiation from the accident. No
discernible health effects occurred.
b) Thousands of people were seriously exposed to high levels of radiation as a result of the accident
at Three Mile Island. While tracking deaths is difficult, it is estimated that hundreds died dueto
theirexposures.
(c The radiation exposure would have been very high since the releases were large. However, with
theprompt evacuation, no lethal exposures occurred.
(a) Hundreds of people were seriously exposed to high levels of radiation as a result of the accident
atThree Mile Island. While tracking deaths is difficult, it is estimated that more than ten died
due to their exposures.
29. How much response was there from the government and nuclear industry regarding the Three Mile
Island accident?
(a) Neither the governmentor industry did much as the event quickly fell out of the public eye.
(b) The government madea lot of serious proposals, but the nuclear industry largely ignored them.
(c) Both the government and the nuclear industry made fundamental changes in how nuclear
power was regulated and how plants were operated.
(d) The government was distracted by the Iran hostage crisis but the nuclear industry seeing the loss
ofa huge investment took on a big effort to prevent future similar events.
30. Let's turn tothe Chernobyl accident which happened in 1986. The Chernobyl power station had four
RBMK reactors. RBMK is a Russian acronym. The accident ocCurred in Unit 4, the newest of those at
the station. How much are the normal modern Western nuclear power reactors like the RBMK
reactors?
 Environmental Studies
1.31 Environment
(a) They are very different.
(b) The Soviets stole from the French, the British, the Americans, and the Japanese. The RBMK is a
mix of all of these and, therefore, alike in some ways to each but not exactly like any.
(c) Since the Soviet Union stole the Western reactor designs, they are very similar.
(4)The Soviet design was unique and incorporated many advanced features not included in Western
designs.
31. In addition to the lack of containment what other feature of the RBMK design magnified the
radioactive material releases from Chernobyl?
(a) Water shooting from broken pipes carried radioactive material away from the plant.
(6)The graphite caught fire and the thermal plume of the fire pushed radioactive material high
into the atmosphere.
The other three reactors at the site were damaged by the event in Unit 4 and released additional
radioactive material.
(d) The workers were afraid and did nothing to even try to contain the event.
32.The radiation releases from the Chernobyl accident are expected to be the major cause of death in
thesurrounding population for years to come.
(a) True b) False
33.Now the Fukushima reactors in Japan. How did the earthquake cause a loss of control of the power
levelof the operating reactors?
(a) The earthquake jammed all the control rods out of operating reactors and they could not be
shutdown.
(b)It didn't. The reactors that were shutdown stayed shutdown. Those operating shutdown
automatically.
T h e automated systems tried to shutdown the reactors, but the operators, concerned for the need
for electricity after this national disaster, kept them running at full
power
(d) The earthquake caused the reactors at Fukushima to run up to very high power like the
Chernobyl reactor.
34.Why didn't the Fukushima plant systems which were designed to keep the nuclear fuel cool work?
(a)They were poorly designed and didn't have the necessary capacity.
(b)The reactors were so badly damaged that there were no pipes let to carry cooling water into the
reactor.
(c) The operators, like those at Three Mile Island, misunderstood what was going on and they shut
down key all the key systems.
(d) Between the earthquake and the tsunami, all the sources of electrical power were
compromised and the cooling systems could not function.
35 Which of the following is greenhouse gas?
(a) Carbon mono oxide (b) Carbon dioxide
( Acid fumes (d) Oxygen
36.Which of the following is greenhouse gas?
(a) Sulphur dioxide (b) Methane
(c) Nitrogen (d) Oxygen
37 Which among the following can cause global warming?
(a) Fishing (b) Volcanic eruptions
c) Mudslides (d) Plantation
 Environmental Studies 1.32

38. What is
green house effect?
(a) Increased landslides (b) Extra Volcanic eruptions
(c) More Mudslides (d) Sea level rise
39. What does a
green house gas do?
It causes more heat to be kept out of the Earth
6) It causes the sun's light to be kept out of the Earth
() It absorbs and holds in heat
(d) It causes acid rain
40. The Tajmahal is affected by ..
A
(a) Soil Pollution (b) Water Pollution
() Air Pollution
(d) Fog
41. How to prevent Acid Rain:
(a) By increasing the emission of S0, and NO2
(b) By decreasing the emission of S0, and NO
()By increasing the emission of HCL and Phosphate
fd) By decreasing the emission of HCL and Phosphate
42. The appropriate way to reduce the effect of acid rain on soil ..
(a) By adding hydrochloric acid to the soil (b) By adding limestone to the soil
(By adding nitrogen to the soil (d) By adding oxygen to the soil

(B) ADDITIONAL OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1 The world environment is derived from French
word
(a) Environner (6) Environnering
() E-Environner (d) Envo
2. As per the French word ENVIRONNER means
(a) atmosphere (b) earth and sun
c)encircle and surround (d) earth and energy
3. World Environment day is on
(a) June 5
(b) June 11
(c) July5 (4) July 11
World day of water is on
(a) April 22
(b) March 23
(c) March 24 (d) March 22
arth day is on
(a) January 22
b) February 22
(c) March 22
(d) April 22
6. Ecomark of our country is
(a) Earthen pitcher
(b) Water drop
C Sun
(d) Ashoka tree
7. Environmental friendly products are given ISO certification
called ISO .
(a) 12000
(b) 13000
) 14000 (d) 15000
 Environmental Studies 1.33 Environment
8. Nobel peace prize in 2004 for contribution towards environmental conservation was awarded to
(a) Ratan Tata (b) Wangari Maathai

(c) S. D. Bush (d) Dr. Manmohan Singh

9.Earthsummit, the conference on Environment and Development held at Rio de Janeiro in
(a) 1892 (b) 1992
()2012 (d) 2011
10.World summiton sustainable development held at Johannesberg in
(a) 2001 (b) 2002
(c) 2003 (d) 2004
11.He is popularly known as the Green judge.
(a)Mr.Manmohan Singh (b) Kuldeep Singh
(9 Mangal Singh (d) Mr. Jethmalani
12.He is known as Green Advocate.
(a)Mr. K. P. Raghav (b) Mr. P. Chidambaram

(c) Mr.S. D. Rao (d) Mr. M. Cc. Mehta

13.He is known for his 'Chipko Movement'.
(a) Atal Bihari Bajpeyi (b) Anna Hajare
(c)Sundarlal Bahuguna (d) Pandit Nehru

14.He gotthe Magsaysay award for water conservation effort.

(a) Rajender Singh (b) Ashok Singh
NanaPatekar (d) Anil Agrawal
15.Wildlife week is celebrated in the period of
(a) 1-7th October b) 11-18h November
(c) 1-8thMarch d) 1-8h April
16World Forest day is on
(a) 11 March (6) 12 March

(c) 13March (d) 21 March

17Edaphic means
(a) Related to water b) Related to soil
(c) Related to air (d) Related to sun
18.Theenvironment which has been modified by human activities is called
a) Natural environment (b) Modern environment

()Anthropogenicenvironment (d) Semi-natural environment

19.Theterm Ecology was introduced by
(a) Haeckel (b) Newton
(c) S.S. Rao (d) Tansley
20.Theecological factors related to soil and substratum are called... factors.
(a) Edaphic (b) Somatic
(c) Air-borne (d) Egis
21. The inter governmental conference on environmental education in 1977 was held in
(a) Tbilisi (USSR) (b) Delhi (India)
c Albita (d) Newyork (USA)
Environmental Studies 1.34
Environenn
22 Abiotic components are ...

(a) non-living (b) living

(c) artificial (d) earth living
23. CFCs that contributes to the
depletion of .
***

(a) ozone layer (b) cartoon layer

() so,layer (d) methane layer
24 Ahe major green house gases are
(a) co, CH, N,0 (b) CO2, 0, SO
(c)CH, CHs, CHs (d) cO, co3, O2
25. Greenhouse gases are regulated under the UN framework convention on climate change andthe

(a) Tokiyo protocal (b) Kyoto protocal

(c) Mumbai protocal (d) Narvey protocal
26. are animals that have no backbone and are visible without magnification
(a) Micro (b) Mini

(c) Macro invertebrates (d) Non-macro invertebrates

27. Montreal protocol is related to.
(a) Deplete of ozone layer b) Cartoon layer

(c)sO,layer (d) Sulphur layer

28.. re the most common cause ofviral gastroenteritis in human.
(a) Noroviruses (b) Bitaviruses
(c) Fungi (d) Yeasts
29.OCED stands for.*********
(a)Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development
(b)Organisation for Environmental Company and Development
()Organisation for Environmental Company and Department
(d) Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Department
30. n cryotic soil is soil at or below the freezing point of water 0°C (32°F) for two or more years.
(a)Permafrost (b) Frost

Primefrost (d) Thermofrost

31 Areain theinterface between land and river or stream is called as . . **
(a) spring (b) riparian
( forest (d) forest land
32.Developments that meets the need of present without compromising the ability of future
generations to meet their own needs is called as . .
(a)sustainable development (b) stable development
(c) future development (d) natural development
33.Van Mahotsavis an annual tree-planting festival in India, celebrated on ...
(a)1 March (b) 2nd March
) 1" July (d) 2d July
34. Thescientificmethod of dating based on the analysis of patterns of tree-rings is called as
(a) Dendrochronology (b) Ecosystem
(Expost (d) Ecology
 Environmental Studies 1.35 Environment
35.Place or type of site where an organism or population naturally occurs.
(a)Habitat (b) Collapse
V() Biotop (d) Biosphere
36. iscalled as area which is interface between land and river or stream
(a)Riparian (b) Biosphere
(Biotop (d) Habitat
37.Thelowest layer, the troposphere, is only . . kilometers thick
(a)1 (b) 2
( 12 (d) 20
38.The stratosphere is kilometer thick.
(a) 1 (b) 2
(s0 (d) 100
39.The stratosphere contains a layer of . . . which is instrumental in the formation of rain.
(a)sulphates (b) cO
(d) CO+O
40. Stratosphere contains layer of ...
(b) carbon
( ozone (d) water
41.Layer of ozone absorbs known to cause cancer.
(a)Ultra violet light (b) Beta violet light
(Bright light (d) Super light
42. The accumulation of carbon dioxide and other gases cause. in the atmosphere that is leading to
global warming phenomenon.
(a) light effect (b) green house effect
( yellow light effect (d) solar effect
43.Lithosphere provides us the soil for . .
(a) rain water harvesting (b) wild life
( agriculture (d) non-agriculture
44. There are ypes of lithosphere
(a)four (b) six
(Celeveen (d) two
45 The biosphereis also called as
(a) zone oflife on earth (b) zone of wild life on earth
(life in environment (d) life on earth and moon
46. Thebiosphere is postulated to have evolved at least some..billion years ago.
(a)1.5 (b) 2.5
(c) 3.5 (d) 4.5
57. By their percentage contribution to greenhouse effect on earth, the four major gases are water
vapor, carbon dioxide, methane and
(a) oxygen (b) sulphur
(c)0zone (d) HS
8. The global temperature has increased. degree Celsius in last 100 years.
(a) 100 (b) 200
() 0.74 (d) 11.72
Environmental Studies 1.36
Envlronim
ACId rain is caused
by emissions of carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide and..
(a) nitrogen oxides (b) ozone
()oxygen (d) CO+ ozone
50. ODS stands for
(a) Ozone depleting substances (b) Oxygen depleting substances
(c) Oxygen deposit substances (d) Oxygen developing substances
51. Chernobyl nuclear power plant disaster took place on April 26,
(a) 1986 (b) 1900
(c) 2000 (d) 2001
52. WHO stands for
(a) World Health Organisation (b) World Human Organisation
()World Human Operations (d) Whole Health Organisation
S3.
During the World War I1, USA conducted two automic bombs against cities of Japan, Hiroshima ar-
(a) Fuketu (b) Fukeshima
(c) Tokiyo (d) Nagasaki
54. USA dropped
bomb in Nagasaki on. 1945.
(a) August 6 (b) August 9
(c) August 11 (d) August 1
55. USA dropped bomb in
Hiroshima on . 1945.
(a) August 1 (b) August 6
(cAugust9 (d) August 11
 Environmental Studies
2.29 Energy Resources

(A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

EXERCISE
Which one of the following is an example of non-renewable
(a) Wind resources
(b) Vegetation
(c)Coaland minerals (d) Water
Which of the following is a renewable resource?
(a) Wind
(b) Water
(c) Flora and fauna
(d) All the above
Which gas in stratosphere does provide
protection to our life?
(a) Argon
(b) Nitrogen
(c) Oxygen (d) Ozone
fhe life supporting gases such as O2, CO and Ng are chiefly concentrated in the .
(a) Troposphere
(b) Exosphere
(c) Homosphere (d) Stratosphere
5. Floods can be prevented by.
(a) afforestation (b) removing the top soil
(c) cutting the forests (d) tilling the land
6. Biogas generation is mainly based on the principle of.
(a) anaerobic degradation b) aerobic decomposition
cputrefaction (d) none of the above
7. hich one of the following is not a fossil fuel?
V(a) Petroleum (b) Coal
(c) Natural gas (d) Uranium
8, The death of the last individual of a
species called.
is
(a) extinction (b) endanger
(c) neither nor (d) diversity
9. Atomic energy is obtained by using ores of .
(a) copper (b) uranium
(c) lead (d) crude oil
10 is the major raw material for biogas.
es
(a) Tree leaves (b) Grass
(c) Cow dung eo
(d) Waste from kitchen
11/n the atmosphere, the layer above the troposphere is.. *****

(a) exosphere (b) mesosphere

(c) stratosphere (d) thermosphere
2. Both power and manure are provided by .
(a) hydroelectric plants (b) gobar gas plants
cnuclear power plants (d) thermal plants
13. Which of the following is not considered to be a natural resource?
(a) soil (b) river
c)scenery (d) climate
eall of the above are examples of natural resources
Total earth's surface covered by water is.
(a) 75 % (b) 80%
c) 60% (d) 65%
 Environmental Studies 2.30
Energy Resources

51otic
component of biosphere is not constituted by
(a) producer (b) decomposer
(c) consumer (d) air
increase in carbon dioxide content in the atmosphere would not cause.
(a) more heat to be retained the
by environment
b) increase in photosynthesis in
plants
(c) global warming
d) abundance of desert plants
N. Oxygen is returned to the atmosphere mainly by
(a) respiration b) photosynthesis
(c) fungi (d) burning of fuels
6 , Among the given options, which one is not correct for the use of large amount o f fertiliserS and

pesticides?
(a)
They are eco-friendly
(b)
They turn the fields barren after some time
(c)
They adversely affect the useful component from the soil
(d)
They destroy the soil fertility
19. Which rays are stopped by ozone layer in stratosphere?
(a) UV rays (b) Infrared
(c) X-rays (d) Gamma rays
20. Atmosphere not uniformly heated by the sun does not cause.
(a) air flows (b) variations in climate
(c) rainfall (d) tides
21. Which is not true?
(a) Lithosphere includes the crust and the uppermost mantle
b) Lithosphere is underlain by the asthenosphere
() Lithosphere provides timber
(d) lithosphere is broken into tectonic plates
22. Which is false about biosphere?
(a) It is the global sum of all ecosystems b) It can also be called the zone of life on Earth
(C) It does not contain microbes (d) It has evolved at least some 3.5 billion years ago
23. Natural resources do not include.
(a) water (b) refined oil
( air d) wood
24. Demand for a resource does not change with the change in .
(a) idea (b) need
technology (d) economy
25A renewable resource is a resource which is replaced..
C (a) naturally b) by human
(c) by animals (d) all of the above
26. Which is true?
(a) oxygen content may not get reduced if forest cover is not sufficient on the earth
6) Forests can be said to behave like non-renewable resources if not overused.
) Fishes are capable of reproducing at the rate at which they are being caught.
(d) None of the above
(e) All of the above
 Environmental Studies
2.31 Energy Resources
27. Non-renewable resources, once used.
(a) remain on earth in a different form (b) become waste material
(c) are recycled (d) all of the above
(e)none of the above
28. Which of the following is a better definition for natural resources conservation
(a)protection of wildlife b) environmental activism
(c) efficient use of natural resources (d) preservation of natural resources
29. Whatwas the approximate world population of humans in the year 2008?
(a) 667 million (b) 66 billion
(c) 6.67 billion (d) 6.67 million
30. Which of the following is a renewable resource?
(a)salmon population that is farm raised
(b) sulfur
( light sweet crude oil shipped from Saudi Arabia
(d)iron ore that is commercially mined
31. Which option below is not an example of pollution?
(a) smog in Delhi (b) nuclear waste
() overpopulation (d) untreated sewage
32. Fertile soil is always a renewable resource.
(a)True (b) False
33. Progress that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations
tomeet their own needs is
(a) the tragedy of commons (b) sustainable development
(c) net primary productivity (NPP) (d) the impossibility theorem
34. Biodiversity
a ) includes genetic, species, ecosystem, and functional diversities.
b)refers to diversifying earth's nonrenewable resources.
( refers to reconstruction of tropical rainforests.
(d)refers to biological effects on commercial plantation.
35. The greenhouse effect is the phenomenon by which
(a)biological diversity is dominant in agricultural production.
(b)the globe's water pollution affects plankton.
t h e earth's atmosphere traps infrared radiation.
(d)climaticchanges occur naturally in the forest
36. 0fgiven below, which is the non-conventional source of energy?
(a) Sun (b) Coal
(C)Wood (d) Diesel
37. Percentage of total water found as fresh water is .

(a) 87.5% (b) 2.5%

()97.5% (d) 75%
38.Mining depends upon
(a) Concentration of mineral only (b) Ease of extraction
(c) Nearness to the market (d) All of the above
39. Ideally cover of forest should be . o f the total area of a country.
(a) 23% (b) 30%
(c) 33% (d) 40%
 Environmental Studies 2.32
Energy Resources
for its primitive
and is maintained primarily
character permanent
roads or settlements
and non-motorized
(a) wilderness area recreation. It is a.
area
recreation
(b) primitive
41.
()national
Where will
park (d) national forest
the water sit the
longest (longest renewal time)'
(a) atmosphere (b) freshwater lake
(c)glacier (d) ocean
(e) groundwater
42. Which one is not a
disadvantage of a big dam?
V (a) extremely expensive
(b) flooding of prime arable land
(c) electric energy generated from
(d)
hydropower
blocking upstream migration of salmon
(e) water loss with
evaporation
43. Which of the following sources provides the least energy for industrialized countries?

(a) petroleum (b) nuclear fuels

ccoal (d) gas
44. the
Which of following energy sources provides a substantial amount of the energy needs for
developed countries?
(a) hydropower (b) wood
(c)solar (d) charcoal
45 Which of the following is a highly exploited natural resource?
(a) Water (b) Air
c)Soil (d) None of the above
46. What are called "Pastures of the sea"?
(a) Estuaries (b) Antartic divergence
(c) Coastal water (d) All of the above
47. Which inhibits the native plant life on Antartica from flourishing?
(a) Temperature (b) Volcanoes
(c) Drought (d) Ice
48. Soil containing many single soil called
(a) Pedon (b) Poly pedon
)Regloith (d) Profile
49. Ground water is depleting at the rate of
(a) 10 cm/Year (b) >10 cm/Year
(c) 10 cm/Year (d)<5cm/Year
50. India is going to be water stressed country in 2025 and the water availability is going to be between
1000 to 1700 cu. m per person predicted by
(a) UNESCo (b) UNDP
(c) UNEP (d) EPA
51. Method which increases the amount of land used for cultivation on steep slope and mountains and
reduces erosion is
(a) Gully control (b) Zero Tillage
(c) Terracing (d) Contour farming
%of total water resources is available for human
use
52. Only
(b) 2.5%
(a) 0.2%
( 6.12%
(d) 6.5%
 Environmental Studies
2.33 Energy Resources
53, Resources which are not reproducible are called
(a) Non reproducible resources
(b) Non renewable resources
(c) Renewable Resources (d) Cyclic resources
54. Soil fertility is an example for . . resource
(a) Non reproducible resources (b) Non renewable resources
(c) Renewable Resources (d) Cyclic resources
55. Which one of the following is a passive factor affecting soil formation
(a) Topography (b) Time
(c) Parent material (d) All of the above
56,Drought is caused due to..
(a) Variability in rainfall (b) Delay in onset of monsoon
(c) Duration of the break in monsoon (d) All of the above

(B) ADDITIONAL OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

1. Ahe main driving force of ecological system is
(a) wind energy (b) water energy
(c)solarenergy (d) earth energy
Oxygen is an example of
(a) Renewable resources (6) Non-renewable resources

3 Coal is an example of
(a) Renewable resources (b) Non-renewable resources

4 Coal, petroleum and natural gas are called as

(a) non-fossile fuels (b) fossil fuel
(c)semi-fossilfuels (d) transperant fuel
5.Minerals rocks, salts and chemical are termed as
(a) abiotic resources (b) biotic resources
(c) semi-transparent resources (d) falling resources
6. Miñeral resources are the natural resources.
(a) Yes (b) No
7. The resources which are inexhaustive and can be regenerated within a given span of time are called
as

(a) Renewable resources (6) Non-renewable resources

(d) Non-solar resources
(c)Solarresources
8. As per the Ecological uses, a typical tree produces commercial goods worth about .
(a) 100 b) 1000
(c) 3000 (d) 30,000
9he trees are called as, Earth's
(a) Heart (b) Brain
(c) Lungs (d) Beli
10.The main greenhouse gas is absorbed by the forests as a raw material for photosynthesis.
(a) O2 b) CO2
c) SO2 (d) Og
11.About.million species are found in the tropical forest alone.
(a) 5 (b) 10
(c) 7 (d) 100
 Environmental Studies nergy KeSOurces
234
12. As
per MOEF Annual Report n India total forest
area is about

(a) 68,000,000 ha (b) 10,000,000 ha

t 10,686.8o0 ha (d) 20 ha
13, ehhota Nagpur is famous for
(a) Sugar (b) Tea gardens
(Rose gardens (d) Rice mill
14 About 6of the Earth's surface is covered by
(a) 10 water.
(b) 100
(90 (d) 75
15. Out V e s ot the world, about... is salty water (marine) and oniy. is fresh
of the total water reserves of the world, about
water ..
(a)97%,39% (b) 3%, 97%
1%, 99% (d) 2%, 98%
26. A
layer of sediment or rock that is highly permeable and contains water is led
a
(a) aquifer
(b) spring
( glasier (d) seepage
Diamond is the non-metallic minerals.
(a) True (b) False
18. Graphite is the non-metallic minerals
(a) True (b) False
19. FAO stands for

(a)Foodand Agriculture Organisation (b) Food and Agro Operations

( Frequent Agriculture Organisation (d) Flood and Agriculture Organisation
20.When the concentration of nitrates in water exceeds 45 mg/L, they become the cause of a serious
health hazard called.
(a) Luckemia (b) Blue baby syndrome
(c Cancer (d) Paralysis
21. CNG stands for
(a) Cooling Natural Gas (b) Compressed Natural Gas
Compound Natural Gas (d) Critical Natural Gas
22. It is a mixture of carbon monoxide and hydrogen.
(a) CNG (b) SNG
GCN (d) NGS
23. SNG stands for
(a) Synthetic Natural Gas (6) Systematic Natural Gas
(c) Sulphuric Natural Gas (d) Silver Nitrogen Gas
24 During photosynthesis trees produce
(a) Oxygen (b) CO
Co (d) Nitrogen
25/Forests prevents soil erosion by binding soil particles by their
(a) steams (b) leaves
(c) roots (d) buds
26. Wood pulp is used for making
(a) lumber (b) paper
() chipboard (d) gum
 Environmental Studies
2.35
Energy Resources
27. About 20 species of all pests are known which have become immune
known as to all types of pesticides are

(a) super kill

(c) value pests (b) super pests
28Per capita use of water is the highest in (d) suprim pests
(a) USA
(b) India
(c) Indonesia
(d) Kuwait
29, Blue baby syndrome
(a) Sulphur (methaemoglobinemia)
(b) Arsenic
(c) Phosphates (d) Nitrates
30.In a food chain, accumulation of
(a) Biomagnification non-biodegradable materials is called
(b) Buffer
(c) Detoxification (d) Alter
31. The minimum time required for the formation of one inch of top soil 1s
(a) 10 years
(b) 5 years
(c) 100 years
(d) 200 years
32. The forest cover of India in 1980 was around..of the total land mass.
(a) 22.7
(b) 32.7
( ) 42.7
(d) 52.7
33. As per environmentalists we should ideally have.. Cover of forest.
(a) 33% (b) 43%
(c) 53%
(d) 63%
34 % of the water on the earth is salt water.
V (a) 97 (b) 87
()77 (d) 67
35. The framework for allocating water resources to water users is known as.
(a) water problems (b) water rights
Cwaterconflicts (d)watersolutions
36.The combined mass of water found on, under and over the surface of planet is knowm as..
(a) hydrosphere (b) water cycle
() hydro cycle (d) earth sphere
37. The total mass of the Earth's hydrosphere is about .

(a) 1.4 10x tonnes (b) 16x 10" tonnes

() 16.4 x 10* tonnes (d) 100x10 tonnes
38. The total mass of earth hydrosphere is about. of the earth's total mass.
(a) 1 (b) 0.081
(c) 0.023 (d) 0.001

39. Surface date is %of the fresh water.

.

(a) 0.3 b) 0.9

(c) 1.1 (d) 11
40. 6 of fresh water is entrapped in icecaps and glaciers.

(a)1.1 (b) 2.8

(c) 68.7 (d) 98.2
41. The Himalayas, which is often called as.

(a) The roof of the world (6) The top of the world
)The cover of the world (d) The shield of the world
 Environmental Studies 2.36
Energy Res0
42. The
plants stored rgy form the sun during
(a) photoenergy energy (b) photosynthesis

c) photochemicals (d) p h o t o e l e c t r o n
43. Fossil fuels are
termed as.
(a) renewable energy vwwww
(b) non-renewable energy
(c) earth energy (d) planet energy
44. About
global final energy from renewable energy.
(a) 6% energ consumption comes

(b) 26%
(c) 36%
45. (d) 16%
Geothermal heat is a
(a) renewable example of .. energy
b ) non-renewable

potential (d) kinetic

Sunight, wind and rain are the
(a) renewable examples of . ener8
(b) non-renewable
(c) potential
(d) kinetic
47. India has about
(a) 6 major types of so
(c) 27 (b) 17
48. EFL d) 37
stands for
(a)
Ecological Fragile Land (b) Ecological Fruitful Land
(c)
Ecological Fractured Land (d) Environmental Fatique Land
49:There are . ypes of mineral resources.
(a) one
(b) two
three (d) four
50. Ignited. is a common source of
(a) Methane gas explosions in coal mines.
(b) CO2+S02
52 The resources which can be used again and (d) Nitrogen gas
(a) cyclicresources again passing through some processes are
(b) non cyclic resources known as
()continuousresources
52. Water used in (d) proper resources
industry and domestic purpose can be cleaned and
purpose. Such resources are called as used against for similar or oth
(a) cyclic resources
b) non cyclic resources
(c) continuous resources
53. Nuclear power plant use . . as fuel.
(d) proper resources
(a) uranium (6) sulphate
54. In Maharashtra Nuclear power plant is in c)tungustan (d) O3
..
(a) Chandrapur (b) Tarapur (c) Nagpur
55. Nuclear power plant is in Kota which is in.state. (d) Sangli
(a) Maharashtra (b) Gujarat c) Rajasthan
56. Kalapakam Nuclear power plant is in. (d) Orisa
(a) Chennai (b) Nagpur
S7. The energy obtained from organic matter is termed as
Mumbai (d) Bhopal
(a) Bio energy (b) Potential
energy C) Cosmos energy
58. Bio gas is obtained from. (d) Earth energy
(a) Nuclear plant (b) Coal plant
(c) Oxygen plant
(d) Gobar gas plant