Professional Documents
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pristup
Aleksandar Vulović
Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential 1
Sadržaj
1. Prednosti i mane
2. Cisco Unified Border Element
3. Osnovne funkcije
4. Modeli primene
5. Load balancing
6. CUBE platforme i performanse
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Prednosti i mane
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Šta je SIP trunk?
CUBE
SIP
SCCP/SIP SP TDM
PSTN
SBC
CUCM CPE
SP i / ili Customer
Managed
4
Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
SIP trunking omogućava
meñukompanijsku kolaboraciju
1. Novo u ponudi SP
2. Omogućava multimedijalni prenos s kraja na kraj
koristeći IP protokol
Wideband voice
Video / Telepresence
Presence / Instant Messaging
Servisi – Fixed Mobile Convergence, Messaging
Service Provider
Network
Border Element Border Element
5
Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Telefonske linije su prešle na IP
… i trunkovi nisu daleko iza 2008
TDM
Share of PBX Lines Shipped IP
IP
100 TDM
80
50%
60
40
6
Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Source: Frost&Sullivan 2008
* Frost and Sullivan, July, 2008
SIP trunkovi — dobri razlozi za njihovom
primenom
1.SIP trunkovi pružaju mogućnost za napredne servise u budućnosti
WideBand codecs
Pozivi sa SUBJECT linijom
Razmena “Calendar” informacije tokom pozival
Višestruka komunikacija: voice, video, chat,
file sharing, preko iste komunikacione veze
2.SIP trunkovi pružaju mogućnost za telefonskim pozivima preko
različitih fizičkih linkova
SIP trunk se može implementirati preko različitih IP komunikacionih linija (npr.
Metro Ethernet, WiFi, GSM Cellular)
3.SIP trunkovi pružaju mogućnost za poboljšanom redundansom u
komunikaciji
IP linkovi se mogu kreirati sa redundansom koja se primenjuje u IP
komunikacionim mrežama i brzim failover vremenom što dovodi do kraćeg
vremena za oporavak u slučaju eventualnih komunikacionih problema
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
SIP trunk za PSTN pristup —
percepcija vs. stvarnost
Percepcija Stvarnost
SIP trunk se može 1. SIP trunkovi bi trebali da se primene samo preko medijuma koji može
primeniti preko bilo kog da obezbedi garantovani QoS koji je prihvatljiv (npr. Nije preporučeno
medijuma da se implementiraju preko satelitskih linkova ako je kvalitet glasa
bitan)
SIP trunkovi su uvek 1. Velike kompanije često imaju niske cene za tradicionalnu TDM
jeftiniji nego PSTN telefoniju, cene preko SIP trunkova možda ne uštede pare
trunkovi za PSTN pristup
2. SIP trunkovi nisu regilisan servis i ono što SP naplaćuju je različito od
SP do SP (za razliku od TDM ponude)
3. Ako i ima uštede za korisnika, onda je to možda pre u operativnim
troškovima i ceni opreme, a ne u ceni servisa
SIP trunkovi obezbeñuju 1. SIP trunkovi mogu da obezbede isti doživljaj u mnogim slučajevima,
isti doživljaj za krajnjeg ali u nekim slučajevima ( npr modemska konekcija na V.92 brzini)
korisnika doživljaj nije isti; fax može da bude problematičan
SIP trunkove je lako 1. SIP je lak za primenu, ali interkonekcije izmeñu različitih vendorskih
primeniti i jednostavno implementacija SIP-a još uvek nisu ispeglane
rade
2. Trenutna ponuda SP još uvek nije zrela i svaki servis treba pažljivo
proceniti i testirati
3. Možete li svoj telefonski broj preneti kod drugog SP?
SIP trunkove treba uvek 1. Proceniti pažljivo. U nekim slučajevima TDM trunkovi su bolji izbor. Ili
koristiti možda bolji izbor za neke tipove saobraćaja i telefonske destinacije.
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
SIP vs. TDM trunk
Consideration SIP Trunk TDM Trunk
Basic call completion Well defined Well defined
Suppl. services (Xfer, FWD, Hold, Conf) Requires validation testing Well defined
Fault Monitoring and Isolation Options PING monitoring Yellow/Red Alarms
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Voice Band Data
Slanje
modemskog
poziva kroz codec
je kao da ga
1.Voice Band Data (VBD) se koristi za propuštamo kroz
rende za sir: signal
slanje informacija kao što su transakcije nikad više neće biti
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Fax Calls
1. SIP trunkovi obično koriste tri metode da podrže FAX pozive
Svi pozivi se šalju kao G711
Poziv šalje RE-INVITE da se ubrza na G711 kada se detektuje FAX ton
T.38 FAX mogućnosi se razmenjuju i koristi se fax relay
2. SIP service provider-i takoñe povremeno nude poseban fax to -mail servis koristeći
T.37 Store i Forward fax
SIP
PSTN Network
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Kontrola kvaliteta
1.Pošto su korisnici primenili SIP Trunks za PSTN pristup, doživljaj
korisnika je nekonzistentan (tj. jedan poziv je odličan, sledeći nije
dobar)
2.Preporuka je da se kreira metod za obeležavanje poziva koji su
vrlo loši(ili kroz CDR analizu ili na osnovu informacija od korisnika)
3.Upotrebiti podatke iz CDR (npr. jitter, gubitak paketa) da se
ustanovi da li postoje trendovi; ove statistike se mogu sakupiti sa
CUBE ili CUCM
4.Pokušati da se ustanovi da li problemi sa kvalitetom glasa mogu
da se povežu sa specifičnim dogañajima, kao što su pozivi ka
pojedinim regijama ili zemljama ili je u pitanu odreñeno vreme
tokom dana; service provider-i imaju različite metode za rutiranje
koje mogu da utiču na kvalitet
5.Service provider-i bi trebali da imaju metod za merenje kvaliteta
prenosa glasa; ovo mogu da koriste kao prednost u odnosu na
konkurenciju
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Collaboration , Services Virtualization,
Security,
Cisco Unified Border Element
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Cisco CUBE je multiservisni IP-to-IP GW
Cisco CUBE omogućava IP-to-IP interkonekcije izmeñu
različitih administrativnih domena za interaktivne sesije u
realnom vremenu
Signaling
IWF + NAT/FW
Traversal + Billing and CDR
Normalization
+ Security
Signaling/DOS =
CAC and BW
Management + Rich Signaling
(TCL, Rotary) + Media IWF
(DTMF, Codec)
CUBE
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Cisco Unified Border Element
Integrisani mrežni infrastrukturni servis
TDM Gateway
Cisco Unified Border Element Voice and Video TDM
Session Management Interconnect
H.323 and SIP Interoperability PSTN Backup
Demarcation
Security
Routing, FW,
CUBE IPS, QoS
Unified CM
Conferencing and
WAN Interfaces
Transcoding
RSVP SRST
Agent
VXML GK
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Note: Some features/components may require additional licensing
Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Moguće SIP trunking arhitekture
B2BUA SIP Proxy
SP Edge NNI
Signaling
Interface
ITP
Bearer
PSTN Edge
SBC
Korisnička lokacija | SP objekat
Media
GW
| SP-Managed
Policy
SBC Server
CUCM
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Zašto Cisco CUBE za interkonekcije?
Connect Method Direct to Managed Managed Managed
CPE Router Router Router running
(CCM running Cisco CUBE
Feature /CME NAT/PAT (IP2IP GW)
Voice Calls Possible X X X X
Security X X X
IP Address Hiding X X
Call Counting X
Redundancy (HSRP) X X
Support for OOD REFER (note: NOTIFY on DEMAND, not Yes, To be Yes, To be tested
subscribed) tested
Support for REFER with NSS to pass information Possible, to Not at this time
be tested 19
Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Prednosti korišćenja CPE kao
demarkacione tačke
Enterprise
SIP Trunk to SP
A
CUBE SBC
Demarc
(B2BUA)
CUCM
Customer Managed SP Managed
PRI
Terminiran TDM
Dolazeći VoIP poziv DSP
Isti skup funkcija kao i regularni voice
gateway
1. Routing
2. Switching
3. Security
PBX
PRI
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Osnovne funkcije
Call Manager
Cluster A
CUBE
PSTN
• Codec Filtering
• Quality of Service
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Podržani voice & video kodeci
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Media transkoding
SP VoIP Enterprise
Internet
Network Network IP Phones:
Telephony SBC CUBE G.711, G.729,
iLBC, iSAC, G.722
Speex
Voice GW
G.711 G.729
CUCM
Media Flow-Around
Signal Leg: 1 Signal Leg: 2
CUBE
CUBE
PSTN
• Supplementary Services
• Number Translation
• TCL/VXML Support
• Rotary Support
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Podrška za protokole i interworking
1.Zahtev
Veliki broj postojećih H.323 i sve veći broj SIP instalacija
protokol interworking je neophodan
Interoperabilnost izmeñu istog protokola se može javiti kao
zahtev da bi se rešio problem kompatibilnosti izmeñu različitih
proizvoda
2.Rešenje
CUBE podržava H.323 i SIP protokole, kao i interworking izmeñu
H.323 i SIP protokola
H.323 interworking izmañu Fast Start i Slow Start H.323 poziva
SIP interworking izmeñu Delayed Offer i Early Offer SIP poziva
Manipulacija nad SIP header-om da bi se prilagodili header-i SIP
i SDP poruka na granicama dve mreže
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Protokol interworking
2. Rešenje
Cisco CUBE može da obezbedi 6 različitih CAC mehanizama
Total calls
CPU
Memory
IP call capacity
Max-connections
RSVP
Global Command
call threshold global total-calls low <low-threshold> high <high-threshold>
Global Command
call treatment on
Call #2
Call #3
SBC
Call #3
Rejected by CUBE
2.Rešenje
CUBE podržava 7 najčešće koršćenih DTMF metoda i 22 DTMF
interworking kombinacije
DSP se zahteva jedino za voice inband DTMF konverziju
Odgovarajući DTMF tip se mora konfigurisati na incoming i
outgoing dialpeers
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Podrška za DTMF Interworking
Cisco Call
Manager
Cluster
Video Endpoint
VideNet
GK
GK1
CUBE
401 Unauthorized
1. SIP Proxy traži INVITEs
Invite [Authorization: name, passwd]
od Cisco Unified Border Element da se proveri
endpoint validnost sa 401 Unauthorized 100 Trying
Hostname Validation
Inicijalni INVITEs sa hostname URI se
poredi sa konfigurisanom listim do 10 sip-ua
permit hostname dns:example1.sip.com
hostname permit hostname dns:example2.sip.com
Ako nema poklapanja INVITE, Cisco permit hostname dns:example3.sip.com
permit hostname dns:example4.sip.com
Unified Border Element vraća "400 Bad
Request—Invalid Host" 39
Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
SIP zaštita
SIP Listening Port
voice service voip
1.Default SIP Listen portovi su 5060 sip
shutdown
(UDP/TCP) i 5061 (TLS)
voice service voip
2.Ovi portovi su dobro znani i mogu sip
biti meta napada listen-port non-secure 2000 secure 2050
Registration
x(config)#sip-ua
Cisco Unified Border Element može x(config-sip-ua)#credentials username 1001
poslati SIP REGISTER poruke ka password cisco realm cisco.com
proxy sa username i password sip-ua
Obavlja registraciju u ime endpoint registrar ipv4:172.16.193.97 expires 3600
credentials username 1001 password
koji su iza Cisco Unified Border 0822455D0A16 realm cisco.com
Element
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Quality of Service
Ulazni interfejs Izlazni Interfejs
Police Mark
Police Mark
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Call Detail Records & Billing
Billing PSTN Call Manager
PSTN
Call Manager Cluster
Cluster
A
A
CUBE CUBE
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Centralizovan SIP trunk model
1.CUBE je na centralnoj lokaciji
2.Jedna SIP trunk IP adresa ka SP
3.Svi pozivi sa udaljenih lokacija idu kroz centralnu lokaciju gde je
terminiran SIP trunk
SP VoIP
PSTN
SBC
A
HQ-SP RTP
Branch-HQ RTP
CUBE
MPLS
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Distribuirani SIP trunk model
1.CUBE na svakoj lokaciji
2.SIP trunk IP adresa po lokaciji
3.Pozivi idu direktno sa svake lokacije ka SP
SP VoIP
PSTN
SBC
A
Site-SP RTP
CUBE
MPLS
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Hibridni SIP trunk model sa regionalnom
agregacijom
1.CUBE na svakoj regionalnoj lokaciji
2.SIP Trunk IP adresa po svakoj regionalnoj lokaciji
3.Pozivi sa udaljenih lokacija idu kroz regionalne lokacije na kojima
se terminira SIP trunk
SP VoIP
PSTN
A
A SBC
CUBE CUBE
MPLS
Regional-SP RTP
Branch-HQ RTP
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Load Balancing
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Load Balancing - korišćenjem
Route Listi na CUCM
1. Jedna Route Group za svaki CUBE
2. Jedna Route List za grupisanje svih Route Groups.
3. Konfigurisati da Route Pattern koristi Route Listu
Opcija 1 : Konfigurisati Max-Con na CUBE dial-peers
Opcija 2 : Podesiti Global Call Threshold/Treatment za total-calls
parametar.
CUBE1
Route
Group1
CUBE VoIP
Route Route Cloud
Pattern List
6xxx
Route
Group2
CCM Cluster CUBE
CUBE 2
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
DNS SRV Based Scaling u SIP mrežama
SIP Proxy _sip._udp.pm-ipipgw IN SRV 10 1 5060 pm-ipipgw1.perfnet.com.
IN SRV 10 2 5060 pm-ipipgw2.perfnet.com.
A pm-ipipgw1 IN A 10.10.10.5
DNS Server
pm-ipipgw2 IN A 10.10.10.6
Invite
Invite
AS5000XM
CAC
CAC limit
limit reached
reached
Invite
10.10.10.6 CUBE
CUBE Pool
GK GK GK
CUBE Pool
CUCM Cluster
CUBE CUBE
AS5000XM
VoIP
PSTN
interface FastEthernet0/0
Secondary ip address 10.1.1.3 255.255.255.0
10.1.1.3 standby ip 10.1.1.1
SBC standby priority 100
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
CUBE performanse sa dodatnim funkcijama
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Cisco.com CUBE resursi
1. CUBE on Cisco.com
http://www.cisco.com/go/cube
FAQ:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/prod/collateral/voicesw/ps6790/gatecont/ps564
0/prod_qas09186a00801da69b.html
2. Cisco Communications Transformation Whitepapers
http://www.cisco.com/go/cube > White Papers
3. CUBE PBX Interoperability Reports
http://www.cisco.com/go/interoperability
4. CUBE SP SIP Trunk Interoperability Reports
http://www.cisco.com/go/interoperability
5. CUCM SIP Trunk Documentation:
CUCM 6.x:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/voice_ip_comm/cucm/srnd/6x/trunks.html
#wp1044916
CUCM 7.x:
http://www.cisco.com/en/US/docs/voice_ip_comm/cust_contact/contact_ce
nter/customer_voice_portal/srnd/7x/cvp_gtwy.html#wp1048342
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential
Cisco Networkers
25-28. januar 2010.
Barselona
Registrujte se
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Presentation_ID © 2008 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Cisco Confidential