All community health services and care activities carried out respond to the needs, health

problems and health risks, cultural way of living, resources, and preferences of the community. In a
health-care system in transition, where currently the quality of service is emphasized, Community
Health Nursing represents a profession that responds to all categories of demands of the people. It is
defined as the synthesis of nursing and public health practice applied to promoting and protecting the
health of population. It is a specialized field of nursing that focuses on the health needs of communities,
aggregates, and in particular vulnerable populations. It is a practice that is continuous and
comprehensive directed towards all groups of community members. It combines all the basic elements
of professional, clinical nursing with public health and community practice. It synthesizes the body of
knowledge from public health science and professional nursing theories to improve the health of
communities.

Families are the cornerstone of population health, and the family atmosphere is important to
understanding public health issues. The family's role in generating health, promoting healthy choices,
and encouraging behavior change, makes the family a vital focus of policy support and public health
interventions. Ultimately, what happens in the home, good or bad, resonates in communities and
ultimately affects the nation's health. Likewise, issues that affect populations affect the family
environment. For instance, teen pregnancy, opioid misuse, alcohol and drug dependency, domestic
abuse, violence, psychopathology, suicide, and chronic diseases—all bear a family component either due
to family influences on the behavior/outcome or through the impact of the health behavior on the
family. Families produce health not only as a factor of individual biology and genetics but through the
environment and lifestyle that families often share within a household. This environment includes
dynamics created by family relationships, interactions, beliefs, values, routines, and practices that lead
to repeated patterns of behavior that can persist through one's life. Families also provide nurturing and
care and serve as gatekeepers to healthcare. When and where to seek care, how much care to obtain,
and the choice to be treated are family decisions based on family values, beliefs, and practices. If
families are the primary producers of health across the life course then in order to realize impacts
relative to prevention, treatment or rehabilitation programming practitioners must strategically consider
the family

The family is an intimate domestic group made up of people related to one another by bonds of
blood, sexual mating or legal ties. It is the smallest and most basic social unit, which is also the most
important primary group found in any society. There are many different types of families in the world,
the most famous ones are: the extended family, nuclear family, and the single parent family. The nuclear
family which is also known as the conjugal family or family of procreation. Nuclear families are
comprised of married partners and their offspring. The extended family which includes several
generations; the grandparents, parents, along with aunts, and/or uncles, siblings and other relatives
living in the household or in near vicinity or neighborhood. They share accommodation, chores, meals,
and finances. A single parent is a parent who cares for one or more children without the assistance of
the other biological parent. Historically, single-parent families often resulted from death of a spouse, for
instance during childbirth. Single-parent homes are increasing as married couples divorce, or as
unmarried couples have children. Although widely believed to be detrimental to the mental and physical
well-being of a child, this type of household is tolerated. This type of family is used to be looked down
upon in the past, but now they are a social norm. Rapid changes in gender roles, as well as different
moral rules, have led to the rise of single-parent families, according to Parents.
 Around the world, extended family arrangements are the most common, accounting for 38% of all
people. This is followed by two-parent households - where two adults live with minor children - which
account for 33% of the world's population. Extended families are widespread in India (54%), while two-
parent families are the norm in the Middle East-North Africa region (56%). In Egypt, Jordan and the
Palestinian territories, for example, three-in-five people or more live in two-parent households. In the
U.S., two-parent households are the most common type of arrangement, accounting for a third of all
people (33%). Roughly two-thirds (67%) of all U.S. children younger 18 live with two parents. Roughly 4%
of the globe's population, including 7% of children, live in single-parent households with only one adult
present. The U.S., in particular, stands out for having the world's highest share of children living in
single-parent households, with nearly a quarter (23%) of kids living in that type of arrangement. That's
more than three times the global average. Other countries where children are much more likely than
their peers around the world to live with a single parent are the UK (21%), France (16%) Canada (15%);
in these places, the share of children in single-parent homes is at least double that in most other
countries.

The extended family is, in effect, the basic unit of Philippine society. In the Philippine
households, it’s common to see not only a father, a mother and children living together. It’s easy to find
the grandparents, an aunt or uncle or some cousins under the same roof. One value that Filipinos are
known for is the “close family ties” that results to extended family structure. It’s not a rare sight to see a
whole compound or lots occupied by blood-relatives. Within given households, nuclear families average
six to eight members in size. In many cases nuclear families would prefer to live on their own but are
forced by space and money constraints to live together. Social relationships are often molded out of real
kinship ties, ritual kinship relations and relationships based on special debts of gratitude. Family
relationships also shape other relations in business and the community. Unmarried adult daughters and
sons typically remain in their parents' home and contribute to family support. Additional extended
family members such as grandparents, aunts, uncles, or cousins also may live in the same house and
assume vital roles. Even grandparents still have an active role in the family. It is now the norm in the
society that both parents are out working, leaving the care of their children to the lolos and lolas,
especially if the family cannot afford to hire a nanny. Grandparents therefore become responsible for
instilling into their grandchildren the values and morals they taught to their own children, further
increasing the importance of the elderly in our society.

This case study is conducted to identify different factors affecting the health of a family within the
community. The family of Mrs. N was selected to be the subject of this study due to the different factors
existing within their family that are clearly regarded as a threat to their health. The main problem
present within the family respondent includes malnutrition, poor environmental condition, falling
hazards, poor personal hygiene, unhealthy lifestyle and personal habits/ practices. These issues could
indicate that there is a health concern that needs to be addressed immediately. This study was utilized
to evaluate the family's circulating health concerns in order to develop solutions that would successfully
improve the family's health. This study can be used as a reference to construct appropriate
interventions to lessen that specific health problem in order to promote wellness. It can also be used as
a source for future studies related to the health risk factors described above that may emerge within a
family.
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