DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE esses on WoMt TO PROCEED vi pat oneck bas CIRCUIT INSPECTION pieDet DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE ENGINE HOW TO PROCEED WITH TROUBLESHOOTING Troubleshoot in accordance with the procedure on the following page. Titles inside ZZ) are titles of pages in le Brought to Workshop, this manual with the page number indicated a in ye bottom portion. See the indicated [Customer Problem Analysis P. D2 pages fordetzlled explanations, a [[ heck and Clear DTC (Prechack) P. DI-S ] az cm [[ Setting Test Mode Diagnosis P. DI-3 7] a 4 [Problem Symptom Confirmation Malfunction 4 ‘After cancelling out the DTC in memory and set the test mode, mM if the check engine warning light does not go off after the engine > i Ss is started, check thoroughly for faulty contact, etc., then try the check again. If the check engine warning light stil does not go ar off, check and replace ECU.DLs DIAGNOSTICS _—_ENGINE 6. BASIC INSPECTION ‘When the normal code is displayed in the DTC check, troubleshooting should be performed in the order for all possible circuits to be considered as the causes of the problems. In many cases, by carrying out the basic engine check shown in the following flow chart, the location causing the problem can be found quickly and efficiently. Therefore, use of this check is essential in engine trouble- shootin: 1 | Is battery voltage 11 V or more when engine is stopped? No | Charge or replace battery. YES 2. | Does engine crank? NO \,| Proceed to problem symptoms table on page YES NU 3 | Does engine start? No | Goto step 7. YES NWN 4 | Check air filter. PREPARATION: Remove the air filter. CHECK: Visually check that the air filter is not excessively dirty or oily. HINT: It necessary, clean the air fitter with compressed air. First blow from inside thoroughly, then blow from outside of the air fiter.bia DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE [*«] > Repair or replace. 5 | Check idle speed. Tachometer 3 Pek ie Check Cofnector [x] PREPARATION: @) _ Shift the transmission into the N or neutral position. (b) Warm up the engine to normal operating temperature. (c) Switch off all the accessories. (@) Switch off the A/C, (2) Connect a tachometer tester probe to terminal |G of the check connector and set the tachometer to the 4-cylinder Check the idle speed. oO} Idle speed: MT 750 rpm AT 800 rpm CAUTION + Never allow tachometer tester probe to touch ground as it could result in damage to igniter and/or ignition coll. + As some tachometers are not compatible with this ignition system, confirm the compatibility of your unit before use. > Proceed to problem symptoms table on page I-16.DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE 6 | Check ignition timing. SST PREPARATION (a) Shift transmission into the N or neutral position. {o) Warm up engine to normal operating temperature. (©) Keep the engine speed at idle. (d) Using SST, connect terminals TE1 and Et of the check connector. SST 09843-18020 () Connect a timing light probe to the No.1 high-tension cord, CHEC Check the ignition timing OK: sees Ignition timing: 3-7" BTDC at idle NG Proceed to page EM-10 and continue to trouble- shoot. OK Proceed to problem symptoms table on page DHE. 7 | Check fuel pressure. PREPARATION: (@) Be sure that there Is enough fuel in the tank. {o) Turn the ignition switch ON. (©) Using SST, connect terminals FP and +B of the check connector. SST 09843-18020 CHECK: Check the fuel pressure by pinching the fuel return hose. HINT: time, you will hear fuel return noise. NoTic! Never make a mistake with the terminal connecting posi- tion as this will cause a malfunction. NG \\| Proceed to page FI-6 and continue to trouble- shoot,BIAGNOSTICS_—_ENGINE OK 8 | Check for spark. CHEC! Disconnect the high-tension cord from the distributor and hold the end about 12.5 mm (1/2") from the ground. See it spark occurs while the engine is being cranked. NOTICE: To prevent excessive fuel being injected from the injectors during this check, don't crank the engine for more than 1-2 seconds at a time. [J Proceed to problem symptoms table on page pete pe NG \\| Proceed to page IG—1 and continue to trouble- shoot. Hand-Held Tester] 7- REFERENCE VALUE OF ENGINE ECU DATA HINT: Engine ECU data can be monitored by hand-held tester. (a) Hook up the hand-held tester to the check connector. () Monitor ECU data by following the prompts on the tester screen. Please refer to the hand-held tester operator's manual for further detail. ‘Check Connector (o)_ Reference value hem Inspection Gonsition eference Value Engine cola to Pot Gradualy decreases nuecToR Engine ising at sormal operating temp, Approx. 12 meee IGNITION, Inorease engine saved Gradually nereasos Engine sing at sormal operating temp." ‘Approx. 30-50% Iscoury ‘NC switch ON Dury ato nereasos ATT shiting in*D” positon Dury ata ineroasos iting in" posi iy ta ENGINE SPEED RPL kop sablo (Comparison wit tachometer) No geal changes: Engine iling at sormal operating temp. ‘Approx. 160-950 Increase engine ed Gradually inoreas0s MAP (COOLANT TEMP, Engine at normal operating tor. 75= 95°C (165— 209°) = Dlosed tomte postion Beiow 5" THROTTLE Wide open thratle Above 70° From closed tht poston to wide open throtla Gradually increasosDIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE: VEHIGLE SPD During driving (Comparison with spezcomoter) Nolarga oiferences ‘STA SIGNAL, During ranking ON IDL SIGNAL Closet thratte postion ON ACSIGNAL RG swan ON OV NSW SIGNAL {phan shitng from P oF N postion inta a poston ether than P o- N GEAR “TTAIl accessories and A/C are switched OFF "2: Ifthe water temp. sensor circuit is open or shorted, the engine ECU assumes an engine coolant temp. | value of 80°C (176° F) \ "3: AT onlyDias DIAGNOSTICS _—_ENGINE DIAGNOSTIC TROUBLE CODE CHART HINT: Parameters listed in the chart may not be exactly the same as your reading due to the type of instrument or other factors. If a malfunction code is displayed during the DTC check in test mode, check the circuit for the code listed in the table below. For details of each code, turn to the page referred to under the "See page" for the respec- tive "DTC No." in the DTC chart (See page) wie Area nee Memory (Or 20) *Engine ECU aa (Drea) lig fmamsmurcna | seoroene wor] (Dh35) ote Speed Conmcl Sytem “Air intake (Hose loose) HN 7 eicie Space! Sensor SO°8! | cornation meter (Vehicle speed sensor) ‘owoN ° "TON" displayed in the diagnosis mode column indicates that the check engine warning light is lighted up when a maltunction is detected. "OFF" indicates that the check engine waming light does not light up during malfunction diagnosis, even if a malfunction is detected. "NA. indicates that the item is not included in mal- function diagnosis. “2:"€2" in the memory column indicates that a DTC is recorded in the ECU memory when a malfunction oc- curs. Accordingly, output of diagnostic results in normal or test mode is done with the ignition switch turned ON.pia DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE PARTS LOCATION Combination Meter (Speed Meter) Fuel Pressure Regulator —e Neural StenSwich Sf Vacuum Sensor / Lf. 1 Naviable Resistor" / fe Instrument Pane! JB Circuit Opening Relay & Intake Air Temp. Sensor ‘Oxygen Sensor! Check Connector o- Engine ECU a Room RIB and JB (ee Water Temp. Sensor Distributor “1: Australia “2: GeneralDis, DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE sarafrifro] of s[ 7] 6] 5] 4[s[2]4| [al7fe[s| 4] sfels 28| 25| 24] 28|22| 21[ 20] 19| 18] 17[16[15]14| |16[75]+4[13[12| 11/10) 9 [ symbals erminals No) [Wing Color Condition ‘STO Vatage BATT (E5-2)—E1 (E624) BSBA [Aways eu “18 (5-9) E1 (E424) BARGER [iGswitch ON oni VG (E418) - 2 (E16) RWe BR | iGswion ON 35-55 IG switch ON, Thre valve fly closed 03-10 VIA (€4-17)~E2 (E416) LRe BR 1G sulch ON, Thratlevaive fully open 3248 1G ewich ON 38-39 PIM (4-4) ~ E2(Es-16) YLeeR, Apply vacuum 28 7 KPa (200 rmig, 79 in.H) 12-18 [Fra (e4-3) 62 (64-18) Baw BR [idting, Engine coolant temp. 80°C (176°F), 02-10 [Fra eeny= er ee 24) Bean | craning B0ormore | 1G such ON on | 210¢€4-12)- E01 Ee-19) wort [ng Pulse gonoration i 7 (See page DI-S) ei ee-2h ee Paige generation IGT E4-6)~E4 (E424) Bo ing (Seepage D2) IG suitch ON, Disconnoct ignitor comector 45-58 IGF (E4-8)-E1 (E424) veoer | Puise goneration ad (See page DI-21) NE (E421) -NE- (4-9 Ree — | tain uma eeatioe eee D ‘2 is (S00 pago 01-18) Fo (E54) — 61 (E426) Gy eeA_|iGswicn ON one SD (E414)— Et (E424) GBA | iGswicn ON, Disconnect Es connector tom ECU 14 Pulse generation AF (E410) —E1 (E424) LeBR | Matin engine speed at 2500p for 2min. aterwarmingup | cee aes pi 26) NSW (ESB) Eee) EAR=BA | IGewicn ON, Shit poston in P or N 0-30 sawicn Pulse generation SPD (E5-19)—E1 (#24) Vesar — | iGswicn ON, Rotate criving whee! slowly eee Tet (E42) — 61 (Ea-24) Ween |iGswten ON W(ES-10)-E1 (4-24) rosn [oe su18 OTB eee) * IG switch ON Boow 30DHe DIAGNOSTICS —_ ENGINE ‘ PROBLEM SYMPTOMS TABLE When the malfunction code is not confirmed in the DTG check and the problem still can not be confirmed in the basic inspection, proceed to this matrix chart and troubleshoot according in numerical order given be- low. ae = 1 [enrmsennncnnon ane 1S ae ma \ ice = Se ee 2 Fa a Levanta goa Port e Falaand ose Ser cS ‘Rough idling {Poor idling) 5. Compression EMS.Do7 DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE 1, ISG vave cveut bss 2, Vacuum sensor ckeult pis2 luting (Poor ii Hai (Poor ea 9, Engine ECU power sourea ckeut bese 4 Fuel system cicut kee 7. vacuum sarsor cout Des 2. njoctr okout onss 2. Fuel system creult Dhse Hostation/Peor acceleration (Poor civil) emerson dic oer 5. Spark pug io4 8. AT taut - sion, Aer fre (Poor cvea ore me Mufierexplesion, After fire (Poor criveabily) a amae cea bres 1. Fuel system creat pr Surging (Foor deabaity) 2, Soask plug IG 3. Injoctor circuit ise 1. Fuel system eicut ise S002 ater stating (Engine sal 2. Vacuum sensor circuit bese 3. SC valve drout kas ‘ter accelerator pada depressed (Engine stall 1. Vacuum sonser cout Dis 1. Injector cut Diss ‘ater accelerator padalrleasod (Engine sta) 2. 1SCvalve circuit Deas 5. Engine ECU. nego , gine ta 1. 18C valve ercuit, D5 Dung AIC operation (Engine tal) 2 exgneecu he 1. Neutial start switch crc rar en shitingN to 0 Engie stall iter anti Me Eramiean 2. 180 vaive crcut 135 *: See Pub. No. RMS87E.puis DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE CIRCUIT INSPECTION DTC 12 NE Signal Circuit CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The distributor in the engine control system contains a pickup coil for NE signal. The NE signal plate has 4 teeth on its outer circumference. The NE signal sensor generates 4 signals for every engine revolution. The ECU detects the engine speed by the NE signal. [arere. DTG Betedion Gorton “rou Ava Open 0 shat in NE ut 12 | NONE signal te ECU suring oarking + Distbntor Engng ECU Reference: INSPECTION USING OSILLOSCOPE During cranking or idling, check the waveform between termi- nals NE+ and NE~ of the engine ECU connector. HINT: The correct waveform is as shown. NE Signal Waveform 2WOWV. NE 20 msac/Oivision(idling)” say WIRING DIAGRAM Crankshaft Position Sensor roisieCu R Zhe 6 cepnes 1, ey y soz INSPECTION PROCEDURE 1 | Check resistance of pickup coil in distributor (See page IG—1).DIAGNOSTICS = ENGINE D419 NG Replace distributor housing. LJ distributor (See page IN-20). 2 | Check for open and short in harness and connector between engine ECU and NG | Repair or replace harness or connector. oK LA 3 | Check air gap (See page IG--1). NG )| Replace distributor housing. OK L4 Check and repl (See page Fi-6)DL-20 DIAGNOSTICS _— ENGINE DTC 13 NE Signal Circuit CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION Refer to DTC 12 on page DI-18. DTCNe, BTC Detecting Condon Trouble Area “Open oF het in NE circu 13] NONE signalto EO tor 0.3 seo. oF more et 1,500 rer more | «Distibutor Epping ECU This code indicates that an intermittent problem of the NE signal irom the distributor tothe ECU has ocurred, but that it has returned to normal. Note that although this problem may not necessarily appear at the time of inspection, it cannot be ignored because this DTC is output, indicating that there is or was a malfunction in the NE signal circuit; this “malfunction” is usually due to a loose connector. The distributor connector and the NE terminal of the ECU connector must therefore be checked for the fol- lowing: (1) Loose connectors (2) Dirty connector terminals (3) Loose connector terminalsDi-2t DIAGNOSTICS = ENGINE DTC 14 Ignition Signal Circuii CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The EGU determines the Ignition timing, turns ON Trt at a predetermined angle ("CA) before the desired ignition timing and outputs an ignition signal (IGT) "1" to the igniter. Since the width of the IGT signal is constant, the dwell angle control circuit in the igniter determines the time the control circuit starts, primary current flow to the ignition coil based on the engine speed and ignition timing of the previous revolution that is, the time the Tr2 turns ON. When it reaches the ignition timing, the ECU turns Trt OFF and outputs the IGT signal "0". This tums Tr2 OFF, interrupting the primary current flow and generating a high voltage in the secondary coil which causes the spark plug to spark. Also, the counter electromotive force is generated when the primary current is interrupted, the igniter sends an ignition confirmation signal (IGF) to the ECU. The ECU stops fuel injection as a fail safe function when the IGF signal is not input to the ECU. DIONE. DTG Deteeting Conakion Trou Ares + Opan or shor in IGF or IGT erult am igniter to ergine ECU. 14 | NolGF signal to EOL for « consacutve IGT signal slgnter Engine £6uDi-22 DIAGNOSTICS —_ENGINE WIRING DIAGRAM Tgnition Switch BRS 6 tt Check Connector Instrument oe 606) Pane! JB eH 7G) | BA ea | ® = ww BRe A 297 ‘unction [F}2—B-A __+_, =o, Connector [Dario ) | Engine ECU Engine ! : 53? |Roomre BR 2 ale R ui ignition igniter Coil EE [Battery = “Australia INSPECTION PROCEDURE 1 | Check spark plug and spark (See page IG-1). > Goto step 4. oK Check for open and short in harness and connector in IGF signal circuit between engine ECU and igniter (See page IN-20). NG_| Repair or replace harness or connector.(*«] Di-23 DIAGNOSTICS_—_ENGINE 3 | Disconnect igniter connector and check voltage between terminal IGF of engine ECU connector and body ground. PREPARATION: {@) Disconnect the igniter connector. (b) Disconnect the engine ECU from the body brackets (See page FI-45) (c) Turn the ignition switch ON. CHECK: Measure the voltage between terminal IGF of the engine ECU connector and body ground. OK: [J Voltage: 4.5-5.5 V NG_)j Replace igniter. ‘Check and replace engine ECU (See page IN-20). 4 | Check for open and short in harness and connector in IGT signal circuit between engine ECU and igniter (See page IN-20). [J NG _ | Repair or replace harness or connector.DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE 5 | Check voltage between terminal IGT of engine ECU connector and body ground. BVI IGT and IGF Signal Waveforms Division PREPARATION: Disconnect the engine ECU from the body brackets (See page FI-45). CHECK: Measure the voltage between terminal IGT of the engine ECU connector and body ground when the engine is cranked. Voltage: More than 0.1 V and less than 4.5 V Reference: INSPECTION USING OSILLOSCOPE During idling, check the waveforms between terminals IGT and E1, and IGF and E1 of the engine ECU connector. y Foros 'eT I at HINT: oviet The correct waveforms are as shown. IGF {hs | TA ovp t= i — ty OF i Na \,| Check and replace engine ECU (See page 10 msceDivision NG) sy IN-20). oK Le 6 | Disconnect igniter connector, and check voltage between terminals IGT of en- gine ECU connector and body ground. PREPARATION: Q paar (a) Disconnect the igniter connector. {o) Disconnect the engine ECU from the body brackets (See page Fi-45). CHECK: Measure the voltage between terminal IGT of the ECU connec- tor and body ground when the engine is cranked. ok: Voltage: More than 0.1 V and less than 5V NG | Replace igniter.Di-25 DIAGNOSTICS ENGINE 7 | Check voltage between terminal 3 of igniter connector and body ground. START PREPARATION: Disconnect the igniter connector. CHECK: Measure the voltage between terminal 3 of the igniter conneo- tor and body ground when the ignition switch is turned ON and START position OK: Vol 14V NG | Check and repair LJ 8 | Check for open and short in harness and connector between ignition switch and igniter (See page IN-20). [*] Replace igniter. NG_ | Repair or replace harness or connector.DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE DTC 22 Water Temp. Sensor Circuit CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION ‘The water temperature sensor senses the coolant temperature. A thermistor built into the sensor changes the resistance value according to the coolant temperature. The lower the coolant temperature, the greater the thermistor resistance value, and the higher the coolant temperature, the lower the thermistor re~ sistance value (See Fig. 1) The water temperature sensor is connected to the ECU (See below}. The 5 V power source voltage in the ECU is applied to the water temperature sensor from the terminal THW via a re- sistor A. That is. the resistor R and the water temperature sen- ‘sor are connected in series. When the resistance value of the water temperature sensor changes in accordance with Acceptable 0 =| E Resistance ka 03; changes in the coolant temperature, the potential at the termi- ae [ nal THW also changes. Based on this signal, the ECU in- on creases the fuel injection volume to improve driveability during 2 0 20 40 69 80 100 (A) (82) (68) (108) (140) (176) 212), ‘Temperature °C ("F) cold engine operation. If the ECU detects the diagnostic trouble code 22, it operates the fail safe function in which the engine coolant temperature is assumed to be 80°C (170°F). DTONe. DT Detoating Constion “Toute Wea, * Open of shor in water temp. sensor creut 22 | openorshest in water tem. sansorciritlor0.5 see. ormere | «Water temp. sensor Engine ECU WIRING DIAGRAM Engine ECU Water Temp. Sensor 3 a ne) 16 Ln pt BRDi-27 DIAGNOSTICS_— ENGINE INSPECTION PROCEDURE HINT: If DTCs 22, 24, 31 and 41 are output simultaneously, £2 (sensor ground) may be open. 1 | Check voltage between terminals THW and E2 of engine ECU connector. PREPARATION: {@) Disconnect the engine ECU trom the body brackets (See page Fi-48). (b) Tur the ignition switch ON. (CHECK: Measure the voltage between terminals THW and E2 of the en- gine ECU connector. Ok: y aca Engine Coolant Tenperatue voiage 20° (68°F) weuaay {Engines 000) 20°C (176"F) {Engine is hot) pen0V 0K \\| Check for intermittent problems (Gee page DI-3), NG 2 | Check water temperature sensor. PREPARATION: Disconnect the water temperature sensor connector. CHECK: Measure the resistance between the terminals. 0 Resistance is within acceptable zone on chart. Engine Cooter emperature eaiance 20°0 (6) 23k a0°0 (76°F) 02-0418 2 v NG >| Replace water temperature sensor.DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE 3. | Check for open and short in harness and connector between engine ECU and Water temperature sensor (See page IN-20). | & \ Check and replace engine ECU (See page FI-46). NG | Repair or replace harness or connector.Di-29 DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE DTC 24 Intake Air Temp. Sensor Circuit CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION The intake air temperature sensor is built into the alr cleaner cap and senses the intake air temperature. The structure of the sensor and connection to the engine ECU is the same as in the water temperature sen- sor shown on page DI~26. IF the engine ECU detects the OTC 24, it operates the fall safe function in which the intake air temperature is assumed to be 20°C (68°F). oT Cro bing Coan Tate hes as [Sempesharn nae orp eo | kroz coe WIRING DIAGRAM Engine ECU lteks ir tomprature Sensor 13 5 i. ie __s; [EDy} a8 Ea 12 16 2 BR BR e y INSPECTION PROCEDURE HINT: IF DTCs 22, 24, $1 and 41 are output simultaneously, £2 (sensor ground} may be open.DI-30 DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE 1 | Check voltage between terminals THA and E2 of engine ECU connector. PREPARATIOI (a) Disconnect the engine ECU from the body brackets (See page Fi-45) {b) _ Turn the ignition switch ON. CHECK: Measure the voltage between terminals THA and E2 of the en- gine ECU conneeter. Ok: Engine Coolant temperature Votage 20°C (68°F) (Engine is coo!) src 176"F) (Engino shot) 08-a4V 02-10 OK \\| Check for intermittent problems (See page DI-3), 2 | Check intake air temperature sensor. PREPARATION: Disconnect the intake air temperature sensor connector. CHECK: Measure the resistance between the terminals. Ok: The resistance is within acceptable zone on chart. Engine Coolant temperature esis 20°C (68°F) 2a aka a0°e078"F] 02-04 Ko it temperature sensor. ne) Replace intak [«] 3. | Check for open and short in harness and connector between engine ECU and intake air temperature sensor (See page IN-20).DiSt DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE [J Check and replace engine ECU (See page Fi-46).Diz DIAGNOSTICS _—_ENGINE DTC 31 Vacuum Sensor Circuit CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION By a built-in sensor unit, the vacuum sensor detects the intake manifold pressure as a voltage. The ECU then determines the basic injection duration and basic ignition advance angle based on this voltage. Since the vacuum sensor does not use the atmospheric pres- sure as a criterion, but senses the absolute pressure inside the intake manifold (the pressure in proportion to the preset abso- lute vacuum 0), it is not influenced by fluctuations in the atmo- o (3.99) ‘Output Voltage: 12 sintig| SPhete pressure due to high altitude and other factors. this per- teats teae) | mits it to control the air-fuel ratio at the proper level under all wea | conditions, a8 Intake Manifold Absolute Pressure DTC No. D6 Datecing Coraten “rovble ea Open or shot in vacuum sensor cet 31 | Op0n e shorn vacuum sensor crutter 0.5 se0.0rmore | «Vacuum sensor Engine ECU If the ECU detects DTC 31, it operates the fail safe function, keeping the ignition timing and fuel injection volume constant and making It possible to drive the vehicle. WIRING DIAGRAM Vacuum Sensor J Engine ECU Junetion ‘Connector sv 3 y oe Bly ? 2 16 1 BR aneDi-33 DIAGNOSTICS_— ENGINE INSPECTION PROCEDURE HINT: It DTCs 22, 24, 31 and 41 are output simultaneously, E2 (sensor ground) may be open 1 | Check voltage between terminals VC and E2 of engine ECU connector. PREPARATION: (@) Disconnect the engine ECU from the body brackets (See page Fi-45). (b) Turn the ignition switch ON. CHECK: Measure the voltage between terminals VC and E2 of the en- gine ECU connector. oO Voltage: 4.5-5.5 V NG \\| Check and replace engine ECU (See page FI-46). («] 2 | Check voltage between terminals PIM and E2 of engine ECU connector. PREPARATION: {@) Disconnect the engine ECU from the body brackets (See page Fi~45). {b) Tur the ignition switch ON. (CHECK: ‘Measure the voltage between terminals PIM and E2 of the en- gine ECU connector. Ok: Voltage: 3.3- 3.9 V ok \\| When DTC 31 is displayed, check and replace engine ECU (See page FI-46). [=] 3. | Check for open and short in harness and connector between engine ECU and vacuum sensor (See page IN-20). NG_\| Repair or replace harness or connector.DIAGNOSTICS — ENGINE [XJ Replace vacuum sensor.