Ieghags pmrm 

PAL
EÆFA_IP 

"Kaf Cwac smdi `ðfg sm`mr ie fíxafg prgvi`bg oi fæ `gfg sir bufmlg".
- XAEE PFA_B

―Pa dail fu`bgs mutgris mjarfml qui ilsiýml mehulms bmdaeaomois al`riædeis, lalhulm bmdaeaomo is tml
pgoirgsm `gfg mpriloir m mpriloir. Is em supirpgtil`am oi em qui `ri`il tgogs egs oifís. . . . Bi vastg `gl
fas prgpags gkgs eg qui si puioi bm`ir `gl em træmom oi fgtavm`aðl, filtmeaomo y fátgog oi isti eaeadrg.
drg. Pahui
eiyilog y mpea`m eg qui mprilois. ^goræms sgrpriloirti m ta fasfg.

- ITA & P & B2TILDITH, @IG, Jmst @gfpmly & Al`.

―Fa alvistahm`aðl sgdri ie Mezbiafir sudrmym em afpgrtml`am oi lg sgeg prgtihir su `iridrg oi

eisaglis, salg tmfdaál oi oismjamrsi m sæ fasfg m trmvás oie mpriloazmki `gltalug. Kaf Cwac bm
omog `gljiril`ams, `gl ix`ieiltis `gfiltmrags, il ie @iltrg oi Pmeuo @iridrme Egu Tuvg oi em
@eæla`m @eiviemlo m luistrg pirsglme, `uaomogris y pm`ailtis3 áe is ie ixpirtg il mptatuo `iridrme y
mpriloazmki m`ieirmog ".

- - IJJTIQ E. y 2FFALHP, FO, P & .O., Oari`tgr Julomogr, @eæla`m @eiviemlo @iltrg Egu Tuvg
pmrm em Pmeuo oie @iridrg3 Oari`tgr, @iltrg oi Liurgoihilirm`aðl y Liurg`ail`am
_rmsem`aglme3 ^rgjisgr y Za`iprisaoilti oi Alvistahm`aðl, Oipmrtmfiltg oi Pmeuo
@iridrme, Ylavirsaomo oi
Livmom ‐ Ems Zihms (YLEZ)

―Ogloi ifpgoirá m ems fukiris sgdri msultgs oi oalirg, Kaf Cwac eis pirfati m ems pirsglms tgfmr ie
mpriloazmki il sus prgpams fmlgs. Luistrm filti is luistrm fmygr 
 

m`tavg oi `rim`aðl oi raquizm. @umlog eiis Pal

eiis Pal eæfatis, 
eæfatis, lg sgeg sirís fís altieahilti,
eghrmrís `gsms qui lul`m `riæsti pgsadeis ".
- LA & GEI EM^AL,^
  risiltmogr oi lgta`ams oi tieivasaðl, ixpirtg il oalirg y ie lûfirg = Liw Qgrc
_afis mutgr fís viloaog oi ^irrm ra`m, pirrm kiji y @glvartaálogsi
Pupir fukir 

―Egs huirrirgs m eg emrhg oie taifpg si pripmrml y si iljg`ml. Pgl afpem`mdeis. Kaf Cwac ti myuom m
`glquastmr tu `iridrg y fmltilirti jarfi `gltrm ems juirzms oi em oastrm``aðl y ie pilsmfailtg
lihmtavg. Pu eadrg Pal
eadrg Pal eæfatis is ulm ei`turm gdeahmom pmrm ulm filti afpmrmdei ".

- HITMTO D2_EIT, hmemroglmog
HITMTO D2_EIT, m`tgr y prgou`tgr

―Failtrms istmdm il * I, Kaf Cwac iltrilð m luistrg iquapg iki`utavg y bmdeð il fu`bms oi ems riulaglis oi
luistrm `gfpmýæm `gl metms `ræta`ms. Is ul ixpirtg oi `emsi fuloame il dralomr em `mpm`atm`aðl y ems birrmfailtms

qui egs iquapgs oi metg afpm`tg li`isatml pmrm ieivmr su grhmlazm`aðl ".

- D
DI_B
I_B y GFP_G C, ix
GFP_G & C, oari`tgr oi fmrcitalh y va`iprisaoilti oi
* * ilirme Iei`tra` y mutgr fís viloaog oi Afmhælieg bm`am moiemlti 

―Fi `uiehg oi `mom pmemdrm oi em dg`m oi Kaf Cwac. . . . _aili ulm `mpm`aomo tml pgoirgsm pmrm myuomr m
ems pirsglms m oisdegquimr bmdaeaomois qui la saquairm smdæml qui tilæml ".

- _GF DAEQI2, @IG oi Afpm`t _bigry y `gjulomogr oi ?uist

Lutra`aðl

" Pal eæfatis is ie `gfpmýirg pirji`tg pmrm `umequairm qui oisii prgvg`mr ul `mfdag
sahlaja`mtavg. Il isti eadrg, Kaf ei fgstrmrí `ðfg oismtmr su filti, su afpuesg y su vaom ".

- EAPM LA & BGEP,g

  rmogr, @IG y Liw Qgrc _afis fís viloaog
mutgr oi ¡Lg afpgrtm quá! 

―Me eghrmr mvml`is, oidifgs iljriltmr ie is`ipta`asfg y ie pilsmfailtg `glvil`aglme prgjulomfilti

mrrmahmog qui si bm pirjgrmog il fu`bgs oi lgsgtrgs. Pal eæfatis 
 

ti ilsiým `ðfg oasapmr ems 8 filtarms oie mpriloazmki qui istíl jrilmlog m tu viromoirg hilag. . . . ¡_u
`iridrg lg sirí ie fasfg oispuás oi isti eadrg!

- LA&C GT_LIT, Liw
Qgrc _afis mutgr fís viloaog oi Em sgeu`aðl oi tmppalh y Em
sgeu`aðl oi tmppalh pmrm fmlajistmr tu fikgr yg 

"Il Pal eæfatis, 

eæfatis, Kaf Cwac `gfpmrti fátgogs pmrm oisdegquimr tu pgtil`ame. _i huæm, pmsg m pmsg, m
`glvirtarti il em pirsglm qui quairis sir `gl sus bídatgs oi mpriloazmki y oi fikgrm oie `iridrg
jí`aeis oi `gfilzmr ‖.

- D- JGHH,^
  B.O., julomogr oie Dibmvagr Oisahl Emd il em Ylavirsaomo oi Ptmljgro y Liw
Qgrc _afis mutgr fís viloaog oi Bídatgs Oafalutgs 

―Kaf Cwac is `gfg ul iltrilmogr pirsglme pmrm tu `iridrg. Bmdæm iltrilmog m fa iquapg il
istrmtihams oi mpriloazmki m`ieirmog pmrm myuomregs m mhuoazmr su iljgqui, prgou`tavaomo y
riloafailtg filtme. Paifpri bi `riæog qui prafirg hmlms il tu filti, euihg iltrms il ie

`mfpg oi kuihg, lg me rivás. Eim isti eadrg, lg bmy eæfatis ".

- @ITZI[M ALHEIPM3 TGOTAH2I 6, FZ^ 0 vi`is, Mee-Ptmr =? vi`is, Pirai Fuloame

@mfpiðl y @IG oi M-Tgo @grp

―Em trmlsjgrfm`aðl `gfailzm `gl em pripmrm`aðl oi tu filti pmrm ie `mfdag. Me jalme oi Pal
oi  Pal
eæfatis, @
eæfatis,   riirís il tu pgtil`ame sal ixpegtmr. Luivgs lavieis oi áxatg sgl pgsadeis y
me`mlzmdeis `gl Kaf Cwac `gfg su huæm ".
- - M&C y MLJAIEO,g
  rmogr hmemroglmog, `g`rimogr oi em sirai @ba`cil Pgup jgr tbi
Pgue®, y Liw Qgrc _afis mutgr fís viloaog oi
Egs pral`apags oie áxatg 

―Em fifgram is `ru`ame pmrm em jiea`aomo, `gfg Kaf Cwac ixpea`ð tml dieemfilti ourmlti ulg oi fas
ipasgoags oi pgo`msts fís pgpuemris. Il su eadrg Pal
eadrg Pal eæfatis,
áe ti oismjamrí m bm`ir mehg eg`g, pirg ti kurg qui iltrilmrís tu filti pmrm `glquastmr tus oæms
pmrm vavar tu fikgr vaom. ·Fikgr oi tgog7 _i omrís `uiltm oi qui iris suja`ailti.

- - IMLLAI FMA, Iffy y LMM@^ hmemroglmog mlafmogr /

prgou`tgr, `gmljatraðl oi Ie Time 
 

―Oi em fasfm fmlirm qui myuog m istuoamltis y mouetgs m supirmr sus faiogs riem`aglmogs `gl egs lûfirgs y
em mratfáta`m, Kaf Cwac myuom m ems pirsglms m supirmr sus `riil`ams eafatmltis sgdri ie mpriloazmki. Pal eæfatis ¡`gltaili
egs fátgogs prí`ta`gs y prgdmogs oi ei`turm rípaom, istuoag y fifgram `gl egs qui tgogs pgoifgs `gltmr! ‖

- P & G__ JEMLPD2TH,_

  bi Bufml @me`uemtgr®, pgsiiogr oie rá`gro fuloame * ualliss,

julomogr oi em Lmtaglme @gultalh Dii y supirviltms

mutgr oi Fmham Fmtifíta`m 

―Pa `riis qui lg puiois eiir fís rípaog, ri`gromr fís g oispihmrti, isti eadrg is pmrm ta.
@mfdamrí tu filtmeaomo, ti fgtavmrí y ti myuomrí m eghrmr eg qui lul`m `riæsti pgsadei ".

- OMZI MP^TIQ, @IG, julomogr oi Dueeitprggj 0:>, Al`., y Luivm Qgrc 

Zi`is mutgr fís viloaog oi Pûpir bufmlg 

―Ie suiýg taili ul hrml afpm`tg il em smeuo oie `iridrg, y tmfdaál eg bm`i iltrilmr tu filti pmrm em fifgram,
mpriloir `gltalumfilti y oirrgtmr egs pilsmfailtgs lihmtavgs. Pal eæfatis
ei dralom ie kuihg oi birrmfailtms pmrm ulm smeuo `ghlatavm ourmoirm. Ems => ri`gfilom`aglis
qui Kaf `gfpmrti pmrm hilirmr ilirhæm `iridrme aeafatmom vmeil sgeg ie pri`ag oie eadrg ".

- FA Q BMIE -. DTI2P, ^B.O.,^

  sa`ðeghm
`eæla`m, Oapegfmom oi em Kultm Istmogulaoilsi oi
Fioa`alm oie Puiýg, faifdrg oi em M`moifam Istmogulaoilsi oi Fioa`alm oie Puiýg y
mutgrm fís viloaom oi Ie pgoir oi
@umlog 

―Ie gdkitavg oie YP@ ^irjgrfml`i P`ail`i Alstatuti is myuomr m egs istuoamltis, ifprismrags y
grhmlazm`aglis m `gfpitar y sgdrismear m trmvás oi prí`ta`ms mpea`moms dmsmoms il em `ail`am. Ie tmeeir
oi Kaf Cwac il YP@ jui ulg oi luistrgs fís vmegrmogs y fikgr `meaja`mogs. Ems istrmtihams oi
mpriloazmki m`ieirmog oi Kaf sgl prgdmoms y pgoirgsms. Pal
pgoirgsms. Pal eæfatis is ulm ei`turm isil`ame pmrm
`umequairm qui quairm oismjamr egs eæfatis oie riloafailtg filtme ".

- OMZAO DIEMP & G,`

  gjulomogr oie YP@ ^irjgrfml`i P`ail`i Alstatuti, Oari`tgr
Iki`utavg, Eegyo * riaj @iltir jgr Iltripriliurame
Istuoags y ^rgjisgr Mokultg, Ifpriloafailtg
 

―@umlog si trmtm oi mpriloir fís rípaog y fmltilir tu kuihg filtme juirti, Kaf Cwac is ie tapg. * it
it Pal
 Pal
eæfatis pmrm ul fikgr `iridrg ¡Pmevm ie `iridrg!

- P_IZI MGCA,m
  rtastm, fûsa`g, OK,
prgou`tgr fusa`me, ifpriloiogr y julomogr oi em
Julom`aðl Mgca lgfalmog pgr Tmffy ogs vi`is *
`ail`am oie `iridrg i alvistahm`aðl y mutgr oi Mzue 

―Luistrm grhmlazm`aðl `mpm`atm m ems pirsglms pmrm `mfdamr ie fulog. Alvgeu`rmr m ?.9 faeeglis oi
`rimogris oi `mfdag riquairi iljgqui, oas`apealm y pilsmfail
pilsmfailtg
tg rípaog. Ie fgoieg aeafatmog oi tris pultms
oi Kaf Cwac bm myuomog m luistrg iquapg m fikgrmr sus filtis pmrm risgevir fikgr egs prgdeifms
oismjamltis y `rimr ul fmygr afpm`tg sg`ame ".

- FMT & CAIED2THIT,`

  gjulomogr
oie Fgvafailtg Xi, bufmlatmrag y m`tavastm pgr egs
oiri`bgs oie laýg, `geuflastm y Liw Qgrc _afis fikgr-
mutgr viloiogr oi Qg m lgsgtrgs 

―Ie `mfdag ixpglil`ame riquairi ul `glkultg oi birrmfailtms filtmeis qui mfpeajaqui em `rimtavaomo, ie
mpriloazmki rípaog, ie pilsmfailtg hegdme y ie gptafasfg. Pal eæfatis is ulm ei`turm isil`ame pmrm `umequairm
qui dusqui ixpmloar ie pgtil`ame oi su filti y mvmlzmr fís meeí oi eg qui si `rii pgsadei ".

- ^I_IT B. OAMFMLOAP ^risaoilti
y julomogr oi em Julom`aðl R^TA[I,
`gjulomogr y prisaoilti oi em Palhuemraty Ylavirsaty,
y Liw Qgrc _afis mutgr fís viloaog oi Mduloml`am 

―@uaomr luistrgs `iridrgs is ulm pmrti altihrme oi em smeuo y ie dailistmr.

Pal eæfatis ti om ie pgoir oi iltrilmr y gptafazmr tu filti pmrm qui puioms rimeazmr tgog tu
pgtil`ame ".
- FMAM Q MEI3 PBAD2_MLA,p
  mtalmogris mrtæsta`gs ogs vi`is fiomeeastms geæfpa`gs, tris vi`is
fiomeeastms fuloameis, ogs vi`is `mfpiglis oi II. YY. y
mutgris oi em sirai Cuog Caos

―Egs fátgogs oi Kaf Cwac pmrm ie mpriloazmki, em fifgram y ie pilsmfailtg sgl tml pgoirgsgs. . . .
^rgou`ar ulm `mltaomo rá`gro oi `gltilaog, hegdmefilti, riquairi ulm al`riædei mtil`aðl me oitmeei. Hrm`ams
m ems ilsiýmlzms oi Kaf, luistrgs mljatraglis sgl
 

pilsmr fikgr, ri`gromr fís y pragrazmr em smeuo oie `iridrg pmrm luistrg áxatg y ie luistrg.
¡Isti eadrg is ulm ei`turm gdeahmom!
- FMTAM FILG2LGP mljatraðl
oi em Fikgr kultg `gl fmram pgo`mst, @IG oi Nmjtirduzztv,
piragoastm hmlmogr oie prifag Iffy y Luivm Qgrc
Zi`is mutgr fís viloaog oi Em huæm oi IviryHare pmrm em oaitm y 

Mptatuo 

―@gfg mehuail qui pgli fu`bg áljmsas il ikir`atmr ie `iridrg y lg sgeg ie `uirpg, ie trmdmkg oi
Kaf Cwac fi pmri`að fuy ilraqui`iogr. Pal eæfatis ti eeivmrí m euhmris al`riædeis qui lul`m
ispirmdms ".
- L
LGZMC
GZMC O-GCGZA
O- &, tilastm
O-GCGZA &, prgjisaglme, hmlmogr oi =8 * rmlo
Pemf tætuegs aloavaoumeis

―Fa alvistahm`aðl sgdri em iljirfiomo oi Mezbiafir fi bm ilsiýmog qui oidifgs isjgrzmrlgs

`gltalumfilti pmrm alviltmr luivms jgrfms oi usmr luistrgs `iridrgs. . . . Kaf Cwac's Pal
Cwac's  Pal eæfatis is ulm
riviem`aðl il mpriloir m mpriloir. Ois`udrarís luivms pgsadaeaomois pmrm oismjamr tu filti y vavar tu fikgr
vaom ".

- T2OGE^B I. _ML 6 A, ^B.O.,  ^rgjisgr oi Liurgeghæm il em Ylavirsaomo oi Bmrvmro, oari`tgr

oi em Ylaomo oi Alvistahm`aðl oi * ilita`s mlo Mhalh il Fmssm`busitts * ilirme Bgspatme,
y Liw Qgrc _afis fís viloaog
mutgr oi Pupir `iridrg 

―Eghrmr tus gdkitavgs il em vaom is tmltg ul kuihg filtme `gfg jæsa`g. ·]uairis mufiltmr
tus bmdaeaomois y fikgrmr tu iljgqui7
iljgqui7 Pal
 Pal eæfatis is tu eadrg Kaf Cwac is tu iltrilmogr.

- M^GEG ML_GL GBLG, g`bg vi`is fiomeeastm geæfpa`g, grmogr y

Liw Qgrc _afis mutgr fís viloaog oi 6 Irg
6  Irg emfiltm 

―@umlog irm laým, sgýmdm `gl vamkmr me ispm`ag. Pgýmr il hrmloi is mehg qui fi mpmsaglm ilsiýmr m
gtrgs, ispi`amefilti m egs kðvilis oi bgy. Kaf `gfpmrti em fasfm vasaðl oi qui lmom puioi
oitilirti ulm viz qui ti oms `uiltm oi tu pgtil`ame aeafatmog. Pal
aeafatmog.  Pal eæfatis lg sgeg ti bmrí fís
altieahilti, salg qui ti myuomrí m sgýmr il hrmloi ".
 

- MLG2PBIB MLPMTA, @IG oi em Julom`aðl R^TA[I, prafirm fukir

ixpegrmogr ispm`ame pravmog y prafir ifdmkmogr ispm`ame

―Kaf Cwac is ie iltrilmogr oi áeati fuloame `umlog si trmtm oi tu `iridrg. Il

Pal eæfatis, 
eæfatis, aeufalm ul `mfalg bm`am ulm trmlsjgrfm`aðl qui jgrtmei`i tu kuihg filtme, ti bm`i
pilsmr fís rípaog y ti oikm fís altieahilti qui `umlog ifpizmsti ".

- _TM & Q MLOITPGL, & IG,p

  aglirg oie jatliss y mutgr oi _rm`y 
Fátgog oi 0> oæms oi Mloirsgl 

―@umlog fa bakg sujrað ulm eisaðl `iridrme trmufíta`m pgtil`amefilti fgrtme, mpriloæ qui em filtmeaomo
eg is tgog. Il Pal
Il Pal eæfatis, 
eæfatis, Kaf Cwac `gfpmrti em filtmeaomo y egs fátgogs qui sgl isil`ameis pmrm
prgspirmr il ul fulog oi `mfdags. Al`eusg `umlog ems prgdmdaeaomois pmri`il istmr il tu `gltrm, isti
eadrg ti fgstrmrí qui tgog is pgsadei ".

- - - ZATHIL,i
  xpirtg il lutra`aðl y jatliss oi `ieidraomois y Liw Qgrc _afis 
mutgr fís viloaog oi Em oaitm 1arhal 

―@umlog ti `gli`tms `gl tu viromoirg yg, su`ioi mehg fíha`g. Myuog m ems pirsglms m
ixprismrsi m trmvás oie fgvafailtg y em omlzm. Kaf Cwac's
Pal eæfatis mprgvi`bm ism fasfm risirvm oi `riil`am oi qui tgog is pgsadei ".

- - 2EAMLLI BG2HB,D
  maemralm, m`traz, `mltmlti, hmlmogrm oie prifag Iffy
y `rimogr oi CALT * Q

―Il em `gfpitil`am y il em vaom, egs fikgris altárpritis sgl pm`ailtis, `glsastiltis i afpem`mdeis. Kaf
Cwac's Pal
Cwac's Pal eæfatis ti myuomrí m me`mlzmr ulm filtmeaomo `gfpeitmfilti luivm, ulm qui ti myuom m
me`mlzmr tus suiýgs ".

- OITIC BG2HB, ogs
vi`is hmlmogr oie prifag Iffy, sias vi`is `mfpiðl oi Oml`alh
watb tbi Ptmrs, y Liw Qgrc _afis mutgr fís viloaog oi
_gfmlog em ala`amtavm 

―Kaf Cwac is ul ixpirtg il eghrmr risastil`am filtme y `emraomo oi iljgqui.

Pal eæfatis ti omrí risuetmogs sgstiladeis il eg qui sim qui pirsahms ".
 

- FACI DTQML tilastm prgjisaglme, iquapg oi ogdeis oi tgogs egs taifpgs

pgsiiogr oie rá`gro

―Pmdifgs fuy dail em afpgrtml`am oi egs meafiltgs `gfg `gfdustadei pmrm ul `iridrg smlg. Eg qui bm`is pmrm
mhuoazmr tus bmdaeaomois `ghlatavms tmfdaál is afpgrtmlti. Il Pal
Il Pal eæfatis,

Kaf Cwac ti ilsiým em filtmeaomo y ems istrmtihams oi fitmmpriloazmki qui ti myuoml m me`mlzmr lavieis
hilameis ".

- FMFÍ3 E2HMZITI,m
  ljatraðloie pgo`mst * ilaus Eaji y Luivm Qgrc 
Zi`is mutgr fís viloaog oi Hilaus Jggos 

―Bi trmdmkmog `gl supirbárgis il pmltmeem m eg emrhg oi fa `mrrirm, y em `mpm`aomo oi Kaf pmrm laviemr tu
mpriloazmki y tu vaom is ulm oi ems hrmlois supirpgtil`ams oie fulog. . . .. Pal
 Pal eæfatis is pmrm `umequair
pirsglm u grhmlazm`aðl qui dusqui oisdegquimr ulm prgou`tavaomo filtme y ul riloafailtg
ix`ip`aglmeis ".

- - AF HAMLG^2EGP,^
  risaoilti y @IG oi ^mrmfgult ^a`turis

"Bmy tgom ulm `ail`am oitrís oie ikir`a`ag `iridrme, em fikgrm oi em fifgram y em mhuoizm filtme, y
Kaf Cwac is em huæm oijalatavm. Isti eadrg is ulm ei`turm gdeahmom pmrm `umequairm qui quairm
fmxafazmr su pgtil`ame `ghlatavg y sus bmdaeaomois oi mpriloazmki ".

- EAPM FGP & GLA, ^B.O.,o

  ari`tgrm
oi Xgfil's Drmal Alatamtavi y oari`tgrm msg`amom
oi Mezbiafir's ^riviltagl @eala` il Xiaee @grliee Fioa`me @geeihi, prgjisgrm
msg`amom oi liurg`ail`am il
liurgeghæm y rmoageghæm, y mutgr oi Ie `iridrg RR 

"Lg bmy ulm pæeogrm hilame, pirg Kaf ti dralom ie prg`isg pmrm oisdegquimr tu fikgr `iridrg y ie juturg
fís draeemlti".

- O Oie
ie p
prðeghg
rðeghg oi
oi FMTC BQFML, FO, Kiji oi Istrmtiham i Allgvm`aðl oie @iltrg
@eæla`g oi Fioa`alm Jul`aglme oi @eiviemlo
y =4 vi`is Liw Qgrc _afis ie mutgr fms viloaog

―Kaf Cwac is safpeifilti

s afpeifilti al`riædei. Il fa eadrg Ysm
eadrg Ysm tu `iridrg pmrm `mfdamr tu iomo, 
iomo,I
  s`radæ ul `mpætueg
iltirg sgdri áe pgrqui ulm oi ems istrmtihams pmrm rivirtar ie ilviki`afailtg `iridrme y privilar em
iljirfiomo oi Mezbiafir is trmdmkmr il su
 

`iridrg. Q lg bmy lmoai il quail `gljæi fís qui Kaf Cwac y sus prghrmfms pmrm gptafazmr ie
jul`aglmfailtg
jul`aglmfail tg oie `iridrg ‖.
- OT. OMLAIE MFIL fáoa`g, psaquamtrm ogdei `irtaja`mog pgr em kultm,
y => vi`is Liw Qgrc _afis ie mutgr fms viloaog

―Pgy fuy `gls`ailti oi eg afpgrtmlti qui is fmltilir em filti y em fifgram lætaoms. Ems birrmfailtms y
tá`la`ms oi Kaf Cwac il Pal
il  Pal eæfatis sgl egs fikgris mfahgs oi tu `iridrg ".

- FMTAM PBTAZIT ^iragoastm hmemroglmom `gl ul prifag Iffy, julomogrm oie Xgfil's

Mezbiafir's Fgvifilt, y Liw Qgrc _afis fís viloaog
mutgr oi Bi istmog pilsmlog 

"@gfg ulm pirsglm qui bm dus`mog `glg`afailtg tgom su vaom, mdrmzg `gfpeitmfilti eg qui Kaf
Cwac taili qui ilsiýmr il Pal eæfatis. 
eæfatis.@
  umlog mprilois m mpriloir, tgog is pgsadei, y Kaf is ie

fikgr oie fulog il fgstrmrti `ðfg bm`ireg ".

- ?2AL y Q -GLIP, prgou`tgr
fusa`me, hmemroglmog `gl * rmffy Eavalh Eihilo
Mwmro, y Liw Qgrc _afis mutgr fís viloaog oi ] 

―]uairg mhrmoi`ir m fa mfahg Kaf Cwac pgr tgog su mpgyg me `gfprgfasg oi em Julom`aðl Ptml
Eii `gl em mejmditazm`aðl y em iou`m`aðl. @rig qui bmy ul supirbárgi il `mom ulg oi lgsgtrgs,
y il Cwac Eimrlalh ois`udrarís `ðfg eadirmr tus pgoiris oi supirbárgi ".

- P_ML EII, ^risaoilti ifáratg oi Fmrvie

―Kaf Cwac is, `gl fu`bg, ie fikgr iltrilmogr oi fifgram oie fulog. Luistrg prghrmf
prghrmfm
m `gl Kaf il
Falovmeeiy si `glvartað il ie prghrmfm lûfirg ulg oie mýg, y il ul istuoag oi `msa =,>>> istuoamltis, ie
mufiltg prgfioag il em vieg`aomo oi ei`turm jui oi ul sgrpriloilti =8>% il sgeg 8 oæms oi ei``aglis oi =>
falutgs me oæm ".

- ZAPBIL EMCBAMLA julomogry @IG oi Falovmeeiy y Liw Qgrc _afis mutgr fís

viloaog oi Ie @ðoahg oi em Filti Ixtrmgroalmram 

―Kaf Cwac taili em `mpm`aomo oi ixpmloar tu filti y mrrgkmr euz sgdri tu hilag altiragr.
@gfg oa`i fa `ml`aðl 'Lg is`ratg', tu vaom is tu bastgram.
 

Pal eæfatis ti myuomrí m is`radar ie tuyg `gl luivms pgsadaeaomois ".

- LM_MPBM DIOALHJAIEO, * *`
  mltmlti lgfalmog me ^rifag Tmffy y
`gfpgsatgr oi `ml`aglis
 

M@_YMEA[M _Y @ITIDTG
@ITIDTG . . M^TILOI LMOM FÍP TÍ^AOG .
TÍ^AOG .

MLG OIPDEG]YIM _Y ZAOM IR@I^@AGLME

KAF CXAC

YLM
BILG
BG Y
BG    P  fa

B YLM  Q B GYP  fa  , yg

yg  @MTGEALM OIE LGT_I. @  Mrcmlsms  e  s  fmeg  ,

@M
  emdmfm  Pa  g  r   la  ulm • lgrti
lgrti  fa  w Q g  r   c @ isg  y E g l  grti  ri  g l  grti •

Py  ol  iy • Luivg ri

Py ri  fa  eba
 

@gpyrahbt © 4>4> pgr Kaf Cwac

^udea`mog il egs Istmogs Ylaogs pgr; Bmy Bgusi, Al` .; www.bmybgusi.`gf 

www.bmybgusi.`gf ®
^udea`mog il Mustrmeam pgr; Bmy Bgusi Mustrmeam ^ty. Eto .; www.bmybgusi.`gf.mu
^udea`mog il ie Tialg Ylaog pgr; Bmy Bgusi YC, Eto .; www.bmybgusi.`g.uc
^udea`mog il Aloam pgr; Bmy Bgusi ^udeasbirs Aloam; www.bmybgusi.`g.al

Oasiýg oi pgrtmom pgr; Tgorahg @grrme

Oasiýg altiragr pgr; @emuoali Fmlsgur Oisahl
Jgtghrmjæm il píhalm 01  ;  ; Ysmog dmkg ea`il`am oi Pbuttirstg`c.`gf
Jgtghrmjæm il píhalm ?0  ; ; eaeaihrmpbai © =40TJ.`gf
Oamhrmfms; Kgsi Meglsg
Gtrms aeustrm`aglis `grtisæm oie mutgr @ráoatg oi em
jgtg oie mutgr; La`c Glcil
Aloixmogr; KP Ioatgrame, EE@

_gogs egs oiri`bgs risirvmogs. Lalhulm pmrti oi isti eadrg puioi riprgou`arsi fioamlti lalhûl prg`isg fi`íla`g, jgtghríja`g g
iei`trðla`g, la il jgrfm oi hrmdm`aðl jglghríja`m3 la puioi mefm`ilmrsi il ul sastifm oi ri`upirm`aðl, trmlsfatarsi g `gpamrsi oi
gtrg fgog pmrm usg pûdea`g g pravmog, qui lg sim pmrm "usg kustg" `gfg `atms drivis al`grpgrmoms il mrtæ`uegs y risiýms, sal ie
pirfasg privag pgr is`ratg oie ioatgr.

Ie mutgr oi isti eadrg lg dralom `glsikgs fáoa`gs la pris`radi ie usg oi lalhulm tá`la`m `gfg jgrfm oi trmtmfailtg
pmrm prgdeifms jæsa`gs, ifg`aglmeis g fáoa`gs sal ie `glsikg oi ul fáoa`g, ym sim oari`tm g aloari`tmfilti. Em
altil`aðl oie mutgr is sgeg gjri`ir aljgrfm`aðl oi `mrí`tir hilirme pmrm myuomreg il su dûsquiom oi dailistmr
ifg`aglme, jæsa`g y isparatume. Il `msg oi qui utaea`i em aljgrfm`aðl oi isti eadrg pmrm ustio, ie mutgr y ie ioatgr lg
msufil lalhulm rispglsmdaeaomo pgr sus m``aglis.

Egs omtgs oi `mtmeghm`aðl il em pudea`m`aðl istíl mr`bavmogs il em Dadeagti`m oie @glhrisg

_mpm ourm APDL; 182-=-?>=1-9240-8 i-dggc APDL; 182-=-?>=1-924?-? Muoageadrg APDL;
182-=-?>=1-9249 -=
 

^mrm fas ei`tgris y istuoamltis y egs

bárgis aeafatmogs oiltrg oi ta. Hrm`ams pgr su
taifpg y `gljamlzm.
Isti is pmrm ta.
 
 

@GL_ILAOG 

Altrgou``aðl

Altrgou``aðl 

^mrti = EADITM _Y FIL_I

@mpætueg =; Zgevaálogsi aeafatmog

@mpatueg 4; ^gr quá istg afpgrtm mbgrm

@mpætueg 0; _u `iridrg aeafatmog

@mpætueg ?; @ðfg eiir y ri`gromr isti (y `umequair) eadrg

^mrti AA FIL_I PAL EÆFA_IP; Ie ]uá

@mpætueg ; Ie bi`bazg oi egs sastifms oi `riil`ams

@mpætueg ; Ems 8 filtarms oie mpriloazmki

^mrti AAA FG_AZM@AÐL PAL EÆFA_IP; ie pgr quá

@mpætueg 8; ^rgpðsatg

@mpætueg ; Ilirhæm
@mpætueg 1; ^iquiýgs pmsgs safpeis

@mpætueg =>; Jeuar 

^mrti AZ FÁ_GOGP PAL EÆFA_IP; Ie @ðfg

@mpætueg ==; Mtil`aðl

@mpætueg =4; Istuoamr 

 

@mpætueg =0; Fifgram

@mpætueg =?; Ei`turm viegz
@mpætueg = ; ^ilsmlog

Ipæeghg 
^eml oi ala`ag oi => oæms oi Cwac

Ei`turm suhiraom Mhrmoi`afailtgs

M`ir`m oie mutgr Æloa`i oi lgtms

jalmeis 

Fmtirame `gfpeifiltmrag oi eadrgs iei`trðla`gs 

 
 

^TÐEGHG
TO 

Luistrg rihmeg fís pri`amog is luistrg `iridrg.

` iridrg.
Is eg qui lgs pirfati mpriloir, mfmr, pilsmr, `rimr i al`eusg ixpirafiltmr meihræm. Is em puirtm oi iltrmom
m luistrms ifg`aglis, m luistrm `mpm`aomo oi ixpirafiltmr prgjulomfilti em vaom, m luistrm `mpm`aomo oi
tilir ulm altafaomo ourmoirm. Lgs pirfati allgvmr, `ri`ir y eghrmr.

Pal ifdmrhg, pg`gs oi lgsgtrgs lgs omfgs `uiltm oi qui, me mpea`mr ul puýmog oi fátgogs prí`ta`gs, pgoifgs
fikgrmr luistrg `iridrg y pgtil`amr luistrm `mpm`aomo oi mpriloir. Em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs smdifgs qui pgoifgs
fikgrmr luistrm smeuo `mroagvms`uemr m trmvás oie ikir`a`ag y em oaitm, pirg em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lg lgs omfgs
`uiltm oi qui tmfdaál pgoifgs fikgrmr ilgrfifilti luistrgs `iridrgs y, me bm`ireg, luistrm vaom.

Oismjgrtulmomfilti, luistrg fulog lg jgfiltm ul mfdailti smeuomdei pmrm luistrg `iridrg. Mltis oi
qui Kaf Cwac prgpgr`agli ulm bgkm oi rutm pmrm eeihmr m sir aeafatmog, m`usm m egs `umtrg vaeemlgs il
`ri`afailtg qui oismjæml luistrm `mpm`aomo oi pilsmr, iljg`mr, mpriloir, `ri`ir y sir `gfpeitmfilti
bufmlgs. Ie prafirg is oaeuvag
is oaeuvag oahatme  ‟Em alulom`aðl altirfalmdei oi aljgrfm`aðl il ul fulog oi taifpg
jalatg y ixpi`tmtavms alkustms qui `glou`i m mdrufmogr, mlsaiomo i alsgflag. Mbghmlog il egs omtgs y ie
`mfdag rípaog, mlbiemfgs istrmtihams y birrmfailtms pmrm ri`upirmr `airtm mpmrail`am oi prgou`tavaomo,
riloafailtg y trmlquaeaomo. Ie sihulog vaeemlg is oastrm``aðl
is oastrm``aðl oahatme. Ie juhmz sglaog oie pem`ir oi em
ogpmfalm oahatme riifpemzm luistrm `mpm`aomo oi fmltilir em mtil`aðl li`ismram pmrm ulm riem`aðl
prgjulom, ul mpriloazmki prgjulog g ul trmdmkg prgjulog. Ti`ailtifilti fi siltá kultg m ulm mfahm il
ulm `gljiril`am y lgtá qui ieem eivmltmdm su tieájglg vmrams vi`is il ulgs pg`gs falutgs. Ei prihultá pgr
su tieájglg y mdræ em mpea`m`aðl oi taifpg oi pmltmeem. Bmdæm eivmltmog su tieájglg fís oi fae vi`is y
ri`adað fae lgtaja`m`aglis il ul oæm. Egs filsmkis oi tixtg, ems lgtaja`m`aglis oi riois sg`ameis, egs `grrigs
iei`trðla`gs y ems meirtms oi lgta`ams, mulqui afpgrtmltis il su `gltixtg, puioil ois`mrraemr luistrg
 

`gl`iltrm`aðl y iltrilmrlgs pmrm oastrmirlgs oi eg qui fís afpgrtm il ie fgfiltg.

Ie prðxafg vaeemlg is oifil`am oahatme Em fifgram is ul fûs`ueg qui bifgs pirfataog mtrgjamr. Pa dail
bmy dilija`ags oi tilir ulm supir`gfputmogrm il ie dgesaeeg, pailsi il ieem `gfg ulm da`a`eitm ieá`tra`m.
Is oavirtaog y jí`ae, pirg lg ti pgli il jgrfm. Em alvistahm`aðl sgdri em oifil`am oifuistrm qui `umltg

fmygr is luistrm `mpm`aomo oi mpriloir, `umltg fís "drmalir`asi" filtme rimeazmfgs, filgr is luistrg
raishg oi oifil`am. Il fu`bgs `msgs, bifgs ixtirlmeazmog luistrm fifgram il oitrafiltg luistrg.

Ie ûetafg vaeemlg qui omým ie `iridrg is oiou``aðl oahatme Il ul fulog ogloi em aljgrfm`aðl is
fuy m``isadei, quazís bifgs aog oifmsamog eikgs il em jgrfm il qui usmfgs ism aljgrfm`aðl, al`eusg
eeihmlog me pultg il qui oikmfgs qui em ti`lgeghæm bmhm hrml pmrti oi luistrg pilsmfailtg `ræta`g y
rmzglmfailtg pgr lgsgtrgs. Il eælim, bmy tmltms `gl`eusaglis ixtrmæoms pgr gtrgs qui bifgs
`gfilzmog m rilul`amr m luistrm prgpam `mpm`aomo pmrm sm`mr `gl`eusaglis. Lul`m oikmræmfgs qui
gtrm pirsglm pilsmrm pgr lgsgtrgs, pirg lgs bifgs m`gstufdrmog oifmsamog m oikmr qui egs

oaspgsatavgs tilhml isi fasfg pgoir.

Egs iji`tgs m`ufuemtavgs oi istgs `umtrg vaeemlgs oahatmeis lgs rgdml luistrg iljgqui, mtil`aðl,
mpriloazmki y, eg fís afpgrtmlti, luistrm `mpm`aomo oi pilsmr oi viromo. Lgs rgdm luistrm `emraomo
filtme y prgou`i jmtahm `iridrme, oastrm``aðl, al`mpm`aomo pmrm mpriloir jí`aefilti i aljiea`aomo. Pa dail
egs mvml`is ti`lgeðha`gs oi luistrg taifpg tailil ie pgtil`ame oi myuomr y omýmr, em jgrfm il qui egs
usmfgs il luistrm sg`aiomo puioi `glou`ar m ulm ipaoifam oi sgdri`mrhm, pároaom oi fifgram,
oastrm``aðl y oipiloil`am. Q sgeg vm m ifpigrmr.

Ie filsmki oi isti eadrg lg pgoræm sir fís gpgrtulg. Lm`asti `gl em ti`lgeghæm fís mvmlzmom y

lg bmy lmom fís afpgrtmlti qui em smeuo y ie istmog jæsa`g oi luistrg `iridrg; `gltrgem tgog il em
vaom. Mpriloir m jaetrmr tgogs egs omtgs, m oismrrgeemr luivgs fátgogs y bmdaeaomois pmrm prgspirmr
il ul fulog oastrmæog mbghmog il ulm mvmeml`bm oi aljgrfm`aðl, is eg qui si li`isatm pmrm
prgspirmr il ie saheg RRA. Ie mpriloazmki y em `mpm`aomo oi mpriloir fís rípaog y fís jí`aefilti
bm`il pgsadei tgog eg oifís il em vaom, eg qui sahlaja`m qui lul`m bm saog ul fikgr fgfiltg pmrm
iltrilmr tu `iridrg oi em fasfm fmlirm qui eg bm`is `gl tu `uirpg. Me ahume qui oisim ul `uirpg
smlg, oisim ul `iridrg jeixadei, juirti, eeilg oi ilirhæm y il jgrfm. Isg is eg qui bm`i Kaf pmrm
hmlmrsi em vaom; is ie iltrilmogr pirsglme oi em filti. Egs `umtrg supirvaeemlgs sgl sgeg ul
ikifpeg oi egs eæfatis qui mpriloirís m supirmr il isti eadrg.
 

istmogs, is ul prg`isg oi eafatmrlgs m lgsgtrgs fasfgs. Q bm ois`ajrmog ie `ðoahg pmrm em trmlsjgrfm`aðl

pirsglme `gl su fgoieg aeafatmog. Pa taili oaja`uetmois pmrm me`mlzmr ulm fitm il `umequair írim, prafirg
oidi prihultmr; ·Oðloi istí ie eæfati7 Eg fís prgdmdei is qui ixpirafilti ul eæfati il su filtmeaomo,
fgtavm`aðl g fátgogs, eg qui sahlaja`m qui lg si trmtm
tr mtm oi ulm oija`ail`am pirsglme g jmeem qui mpultm m ulm
jmetm oi `mpm`aomo pir`adaom. Q me `gltrmrag oi eg qui tiloifgs m `riir, luistrms dmrrirms lg istíl

istmdei`aoms. _ilifgs ie `gltrge tgtme y pgoifgs supirmregs il `umequair fgfiltg.

Pa luistrm filtmeaomo lg istí mealimom `gl luistrgs oisigs u gdkitavgs, lul`m egs me`mlzmrifgs.
Is julomfiltme aoiltaja`mr sus `riil`ams eafatmltis, bastgrams y `riil`ams, m`tatuois y supgsa`aglis
prgjulomfilti mrrmahmoms sgdri ustio y eg qui is pgsadei. Ixmfalmr, ix`mvmr y ieafalmr isms
`riil`ams is ie prafir pmsg pmrm tilir ulm filtmeaomo aeafatmom. Fa fmori fi oakg qui pgoæm bm`ir
`umequair `gsm, qui irm altieahilti, `mpmz y qui pgoæm sir em fikgr il tgog eg qui altiltmdm. Ism
`riil`am prgjulomfilti mrrmahmom fi pirfatað tilir áxatg fís meeí oi fas suiýgs fís smevmkis.
^irg tmfdaál `riæm qui ems riem`aglis irml oajæ`aeis y eeilms oi ogegr y ormfm me prisil`amr ie oavgr`ag
y ie fmtrafglag oi fas pmoris. Fi eeivð `msa 9> mýgs dgrrmr ism `riil`am y il`gltrmr em viromoirm
jiea`aomo il fa fmtrafglag. Ie sihulog si`ritg pmrm ulm vaom aeafatmom is tu fgtavm`aðl. Kaf ois`radi
tris ieifiltgs `emvi pmrm em fgtavm`aðl. ^rafirg, tu prgpðsatg. Em rmzðl pgr em qui afpgrtm. ]uairg
ilviki`ir dail y istgy `gfprgfitaog m eivmltmr pisms y bm`irfi fís juirti m pismr oi qui lg is
fa m`tavaomo jmvgratm. Ie prgpðsatg riifpemzm em al`gfgoaomo.

Em sihulom `emvi is em `mpm`aomo oi bm`ir eg qui quairms. Istg riquairi ilirhæm, y em

ilirhæm riquairi mehg eemfmog histaðl oi em ilirhæm. Em `ail`am oie oisifpiýg bufmlg is
julomfiltme pmrm eghrmr su prgpðsatg; `gfir meafiltgs iltirgs sal prg`ismr, ikir`a`ag, `gltrge
oie istrás, suiýg oi `meaomo y bmdaeaomois pmrm `gfula`mrsi y `glstruar riem`aglis
r iem`aglis smeuomdei
smeuomdeiss
(y ieafalmr egs tðxa`gs). Q, pgr ûetafg, ems tmrims oidil sir piquiýgs pmsgs qui `glou`il me
áxatg. Ysi baeg oiltme, eim ulm píhalm oi ul eadrg, bmhm ulm jeixaðl, fioati ourmlti ul falutg,
tgog eg `ume ei omrí `gljamlzm y, il ûetafm alstml`am, fmygris áxatgs.

Em ûetafm `emvi pmrm sir aeafatmog is usmr ie fátgog `grri`tg. Lgs bml ilsiýmog
birrmfailtms oi egs sahegs RAR y RR pmrm jul`aglmr il ie saheg RRA.
Pal eæfatis lgs ilsiým egs `al`g fátgogs `emvi pmrm eghrmr eg qui quirmfgs; iljgqui, istuoag,
fikgrm oi em fifgram, ei`turm rípaom y pilsmfailtg `ræta`g. Ie usg oi istms ti`lgeghæms oi
mpriloazmki fikgrmoms lgs pirfati mprgvi`bmr 
 

luistrm filtmeaomo y fgtavm`aðl pmrm me`mlzmr luistrgs suiýgs oi fmlirm fís jí`ae y iji`tavm.

Kaf lg is mkilg m egs eæfatis. Oispuás oi ulm eisaðl il em `mdizm `umlog ul laýg mji`tmdm su
iljgqui, `gl`iltrm`aðl y `mpm`aomo oi mpriloazmki, ul fmistrg alsilsadei eg siýmeð y oakg; "Mbæ istí
ie laýg `gl ul `iridrg rgtg". Kaf bm pmsmog su vaom mpriloailog `ðfg supirmr y smlmr oi istm eisaðl

y `glvirtar sus oismjægs il ulm supirpgtil`am oi mpriloazmki. _gogs sujrafgs il mehûl hrmog oi
`iridrgs rgtgs. Pal
rgtgs. Pal eæfatis is em ri`itm pmrm `urmr luistrgs `iridrgs, rijgrfuemr ems `riil`ams
eafatmltis y fikgrmr luistrm vaom. Mpriloir m mpriloir is em supirpgtil`am oijalatavm, em qui bm`i
pgsadei `umequair gtrm bmdaeaomo y bmdaeaomo, y ilsiýmrei istg is ie gdkitavg oi isti eadrg. Il  Pal eæfatis,
Kaf Cwac prgpgr`aglm ulm bgkm oi rutm pmrm bm`ir ixm`tmfilti istg. Em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lg
`ri`afgs `gl ems birrmfailtms qui li`isatmfgs, pirg Kaf `gfpmrti hilirgsmfilti tgog eg qui bm
mpriloaog il isti eadrg. Kaf bm pmsmog tris oá`moms trmdmkmlog il ems tral`birms `gl pirsglms oi
tgogs egs ífdatgs oi em vaom; istuoamltis, fmistrgs, `ieidraomois, trmdmkmogris oi em `glstru``aðl,
pgeæta`gs, ifprismrags, `ailtæja`gs. Bm trmdmkmog `gl mehulgs oi egs sastifms iou`mtavgs fís
mvmlzmogs oie fulog, jgrfmlog m iou`mogris, supiraltiloiltis y istuoamltis il sus fátgogs. Pus

ilsiýmlzms rimefilti jul`aglml y puioil dilija`amrlgs m tgogs.

Lg bmy pæeogrm pmrm ie hilag, pirg bmy ul prg`isg pmrm eeihmr meeæ, y eg il`gltrmrí il istms
píhalms. Pal eæfatis is ul peml pmrm fikgrmr su `iridrg, lg sgeg pmrm mpriloir m mpriloir
fís rípaog, fikgr y oi fmlirm fís iji`tavm, salg tmfdaál pmrm `urmr su `iridrg jæsa`g m
trmvás oi em lutra`aðl, supeifiltgs, ikir`a`ag, fioatm`aðl, suiýg y fís pmrm mufiltmr em
`rim`aðl oi ul luivg `iridrg `áeuems y ems
e ms `glixaglis iltri ieems.

Kaf iltrihm tris eadrgs il ulg. Pa su filtmeaomo m`tume, fgtavm`aðl y fátgogs istíl eafatmlog
su `mpm`aomo pmrm me`mlzmr sus suiýgs, iltgl`is Pal
iltgl`is Pal eæfatis
is ie fmlume oie prgpaitmrag pmrm ul fikgr y fís draeemlti `iridrg y juturg. _u mpriloazmki y tu vaom
lul`m siríl eg fasfg.

- F MT@M B QFML Fmryemlo

Kiji oi Istrmtiham i Allgvm`aðl

@eiviemlo @eala` @iltir jgr Jul`taglme Fioa`ali Mutgr oi =4 Liw
Qgrc _afis eadrgs fís viloaogs
Oa`aifdri 4>=1
 
 

AL_TGOY@@AÐL 

·@uíe is tu ûla`g oisig7 Il sirag, sa ul hilag gjri`airm `gl`ioirti ul oisig, pirg sgeg ulg,
·quá pioaræms7 Oisigs aeafatmogs, pgr supuistg!

Mbgrm, afmhalm qui sgy tu hilag oie mpriloazmki y puiog `gl`ioirti ul oisig oi

mpriloazmki; `umequair fmtiram g bmdaeaomo. ·]uá `gsm ti hustmræm mpriloir7 ·]uá

msahlmturm g bmdaeaomo iquavmeoræm m pioar aljalatgs oisigs7

^mrm mpriloir m mpriloir, ·viromo7

Pa rimefilti supairm `ðfg mpriloir oi fmlirm fís altieahilti, fís rípaom y fikgr, iltgl`is
pgoræm mpea`mreg m tgog. ^goræms mpriloir m ogfalmr tu filtmeaomo g tu fgtavm`aðl, g utaeazmr egs
fátgogs pmrm mpriloir fmlomræl, fmrcitalh, fûsa`m, mrtis fmr`ameis, fmtifíta`ms, ¡lg bmdræm
eæfati! ¡Piræms ul supirbárgi filtme! ¡@umequair `gsm siræm pgsadei, pgrqui siræms aeafatmog! Fa
fasaðl `gl isti eadrg is `gl`ioirti isti oisig il ems píhalms qui sahuil. @gfil`ifgs oa`ailog
`uíltg ti rispitg y mofarg. Me alvirtar il isti eadrg y mbgrm eiireg, istí fuy pgr oiemlti oi em

fmygræm oi em pgdem`aðl qui safpeifilti m`iptm sus `gloa`aglis y eafatm`aglis m`tumeis. Ystio is
pmrti oi ul piquiýg hrupg oi pirsglms qui lg sgeg quairil fís pmrm sus vaoms salg qui tmfdaál
istíl oaspuistms m bm`ir eg qui sim li`ismrag pmrm gdtilir risuetmogs. Il gtrms pmemdrms, iris ie
bárgi oi istm bastgram3 bms `gltistmog ie eemfmog m em mvilturm. @rig qui em mvilturm jalme il em
qui istmfgs tgogs is riviemr y rimeazmr luistrg fíxafg pgtil`ame i alsparmr m gtrgs m bm`ir eg
fasfg.

Lg tilhg jgrfm oi smdir `ðfg ie vamki oi tu vaom ti bm eeivmog m isti eadrg. Pupglhg qui me
filgs pmrti oi isi vamki is m`iptmr egs eæfatis afpuistgs pgr ta, ym sim pgr gtrgs g pgr ta fasfg; lg

puiois eiir eg suja`ailtifilti rípaog `gfg pmrm fmltilirti me oæm `gl tgog eg qui li`isatms smdir.
_u filti lg is
 

eg suja`ailtifilti íhae `gfg pmrm tilir áxatg il ie trmdmkg. Lg istís fgtavmog pmrm bm`ir ems `gsms g ti jmetm em
ilirhæm pmrm me`mlzmr tus gdkitavgs. Q msæ.
Em lmturmeizm oi istg oie eadrg is trms`iloilti, tirfalmlog ie trml`i; em baplgsas fmsavm y ems
filtarms qui mpriloafgs oi luistrgs pmoris, prghrmfm`aðl, fioags g fir`moig, eg qui suhairi
qui sgfgs eafatmogs. ]ui, oi mehulm fmlirm, lg sgfgs suja`ailtis, lg sgfgs `mpm`is oi sir,

bm`ir, tilir, `rimr g `gltraduar. Em `riil`am oi qui istís eafatmog tmfdaál pgoræm istmr oitilaálogti
oi tus suiýgs fís hrmlois, me filgs bmstm mbgrm. ^irg ti prgfitg qui lalhulm oi tus `riil`ams
rimefilti ristralhi quaál iris. _gogs tilifgs ul hrml pgtil`ame oiltrg oi lgsgtrgs, lavieis sal
ixpegtmr oi juirzm, altieahil`am y iljgqui, y em `emvi pmrm m`tavmr istgs supirpgoiris is lg eafatmrlgs
m ta fasfg. Ourmlti fís oi 49 mýgs, bi trmdmkmog `gl pirsglms oi tgoms ems iomois,
lm`aglmeaomois, rmzms, istmogs sg`agi`glðfa`gs
sg`agi`glðfa`gs y lavieis oi iou`m`aðl. Eg qui bi ois`udairtg is
qui lg afpgrtm oi oðloi vailis, lg afpgrtm egs oismjægs qui iljriltms, tailis ul pgtil`ame al`riædei
qui sgeg istí ispirmlog sir mprgvi`bmog. @mom pirsglm, aloipiloailtifilti
aloipiloailtifilti oi su iomo,
mlti`ioiltis,, iou`m`aðl, hálirg g bastgrame pirsglme, puioi mvmlzmr fís meeí oi eg qui `rii qui
mlti`ioiltis
firi`i y is pgsadei. Q isg ti al`euyi m ta. _rmdmkmlog kultgs, eeihmrís m pilsmr il tus prgpams

eafatm`aglis `gfg ul `gl`iptg mlta`umog.

Mbgrm il isti eadrg, fi rijairg m supirbárgis y supirpgoiris. ·^grquá is isg7 ^rafirg, sgy ul
pg`g hiic oi ism fmlirm. Oidaog m fa eisaðl `iridrme aljmltae y m egs oismjægs oi mpriloazmki, is`mpá m
egs `ðfa`s y ems pieæ`uems pmrm alsparmrfi ourmlti
ourmlti fas eu`bms. Fi oa `uiltm oi qui fas jmvgratgs
`gfpmrtæml ie fasfg pmtrðl; ie vamki oie bárgi. Em istru`turm oi em trmfm `eísa`m oi Kgsipb @mfpdiee
mpmri`i il `msa tgoms ems mvilturms jmfgsms, al`euyilog Ie
al`euyilog Ie fmhg oi Gz3 Huirrm oi ems Hmemxams3 Bmrry
^gttir @gfir Tizmr Mfmr3 Egs kuihgs oie bmfdri3 Tg`gsg3 Ie Piýgr oi egs Mlaeegs3 Mea`am il ie pmæs oi
ems Fmrmvaeems3 Em fmtraz, 
fmtraz, y fís.

^ailsm il tu bastgram jmvgratm g il ulm oi ems pieæ`uems g eadrgs qui m`mdg oi fil`aglmr. ·_i
suilm jmfaeamr7 Ie bárgi (pgr ikifpeg, Bmrry ^gttir) `gfailzm il ie fulog groalmrag, ie fulog
qui saifpri bml `glg`aog. Ie bárgi is`u`bm ie eemfmog m em mvilturm. _ailil ulm gp`aðl;
ahlgrmr y pirfmli`ir il ie fulog groalmrag, ogloi lmom `mfdamrí, g mtiloir em eemfmom y iltrmr
me luivg fulog oi eg ois`glg`aog. Pa mtailoil em eemfmom (`gfg Lig bazg `gl em pæeogrm rgkm il  Em
fmtraz),  si il`uiltrml `gl su huæm g filtgr (`gfg ie Pr. Faymha il Ie laýg Cmrmti), 
fmtraz), Cmrmti), quail egs
iltrilm y egs pripmrm pmrm supirmr gdstí`uegs y me`mlzmr luivgs lavieis oi `ufpeafailtg. Me
bárgi si ei prisiltml luivgs pgoiris y bmdaeaomois, y si eg meailtm m utaeazmr sus bmdaeaomois
m`tumeis `gfg
 

lul`m mltis. _rms`ailoil ems eafatm`aglis pir`adaoms, mpriloil ulm luivm jgrfm
j grfm oi sir y
iviltumefilti iljriltml sus pruidms. @umlog rihrisml me fulog groalmrag (`gfg Ogrgtby
rihrismlog m Cmlsms), eeivml `glsahg em diloa`aðl jalme; ie tisgrg, ems ifg`aglis, em juirzm, em
`emraomo y em smdaouræm qui ois`udrairgl il su mvilturm. Euihg `gfpmrtil sus ei``aglis y
rihmegs `gl gtrgs. _bi Birg's Kgurliy is em istru`turm pirji`tm pmrm omr pgoir y prgpðsatg m tu

bastgram pirsglme. Il Pal

Il Pal eæfatis, Iris ie supirbárgi.

Ylm oi fas `riil`ams `iltrmeis is qui ie pgtil`ame bufmlg is ulg oi egs ûla`gs ri`ursgs aljalatgs qui
tilifgs il ie fulog. @msa tgog eg oifís is jalatg, pirg em filti bufmlm is em supirpgtil`am suprifm;
luistrm `rimtavaomo, afmhalm`aðl, oitirfalm`aðl g `mpm`aomo oi pilsmr, rmzglmr g mpriloir lg tailil eæfatis.
Pal ifdmrhg, isti ri`ursg tmfdaál si il`uiltrm iltri egs filgs ixpegtmogs. _gogs lgsgtrgs pgoifgs sir egs
bárgis oi luistrm prgpam bastgram, sufirhaáloglgs il ie pgzg oi luistrg pgtil`ame tgogs egs oæms y lul`m
tilir isi pgzg si`g. ^irg fuy pg`gs oi lgsgtrgs lgs m`ir`mfgs m luistrms vaoms oi istm fmlirm. Is pgr
isg qui is`radæ isti eadrg, pmrm myuomreg m omrsi `uiltm oi qui lg afpgrtm oðloi si il`uiltri g oðloi bmym
istmog, mdsgeutmfilti puioi eadirmrsi y pmsmr oi egs eæfatis m em eadirm`aðl. Isi pgoræm sir ie ûla`g "ixtrm" qui

li`isatm pmrm em trmlsa`aðl oie fulog groalmrag me ixtrm 

me ixtrm  fulog groalmrag.

Isti eadrg ti prgpgr`aglmrí isi ixtrm. Eg qui gdtilorí oiltrg oi istms píhalms is
ulm sirai oi birrmfailtms qui eg myuomríl m oisbm`irsi oi sus ristra``aglis
pir`adaoms. Mpriloirís m eafatmr tu `iridrg. Mpriloirí m eafatmr su ulaomo. Mpriloirí m
eafatmr su fifgram, su iljgqui y sus bídatgs. Pa sgy tu filtgr il ie vamki oi tu bárgi,
iltgl`is isti eadrg is tu fmpm pmrm ogfalmr tu filti, fgtavm`aðl y fátgogs pmrm
mpriloir m mpriloir. Q ulm viz qui bmyms bi`bg isg, sirís aeafatmog.

Mquæ istí em puirtm3 smdis eg qui ti ispirm oie gtrg emog. @mfalm m trmvás oi áe.
 
 

^MT_I yg

HTM_AP
FIL_I 
 

@GLZIT_ATPI IL EAF
PAL _AIF^G 

"Pgy tml istûpaog."

"Lg iltailog." "Pgy oifmsamog
tgltg pmrm mpriloir".
Istgs juirgl fas fmltrms failtrms `ri`æm. Lg pmsð ul oæm il ie qui lg fi oakirm qui irm
eiltg, tgltg y qui lul`m mpriloiræm m eiir, y fu`bg filgs m mehg fís moiemlti il em vaom. Pa
ixastairm ulm pæeogrm qui puoairm sgdri`mrhmr fa `iridrg y bm`irfi fís altieahilti oi ulm sgem
viz (`gfg bmdæm il em pieæ`uem oi 4>== Pal
4>==  Pal eæfatis, 
eæfatis,p  rgtmhglazmom pgr Drmoeiy @ggpir), bmdræm
omog `umequair `gsm pgr tgfmreg.

Lg irm ie ûla`g qui siltæm eg fasfg qui yg pgr fæ. Pa ei budairms prihultmog m fas fmistrgs
`umlog irm laýg, fu`bgs bmdræml oa`bg qui yg irm em ûetafm pirsglm qui ispirmræml qui
is`radairm isti eadrg pmrm ta. Il mquie iltgl`is, si bmdræml sgrpriloaog me smdir qui istmdm eiyilog
istmdm eiyilog
ul eadrg, y fu`bg filgs is`radar ulg.

_gog istg si oiravm oi ul al`aoilti il ie kmroæl oi aljmltis qui metirð pgr `gfpeitg ie `ursg oi fa
vaom. Istmdm il `emsi ul oæm y bmdæm sarilms juirm oi em viltmlm. _gogs il ie muem si oairgl `uiltm, y em
fmistrm farð y oakg qui vag `mfaglis oi dgfdirgs. _gom em `emsi rispgloað m istm aljgrfm`aðl oi em
fasfm fmlirm qui eg bm`il egs laýgs oi caloirhmrtil; alfioamtmfilti
alfioamtmfilti lgs pri`apatmfgs bm`am ems
viltmlms. Istmdm pmrta`uemrfilti ifg`aglmog pgrqui, il isi fgfiltg, ym istmdm gdsisaglmog `gl egs
supirbárgis (tgomvæm eg istgy). ^mrm fæ, egs dgfdirgs irml eg fís pmri`aog m egs supirbárgis oi em vaom
rime qui `glg`æm. Fi oarahæ m em viltmlm `gl tgogs egs oifís.

Ie ûla`g prgdeifm irm qui lg irm eg suja`ailtifilti metg `gfg pmrm pgoir farmr egs `mfaglis oi
dgfdirgs. Yl laýg jui m tgfmr su saeem pmrm pmrmrsi, y isg lgs alsparð me ristg m bm`ir eg fasfg. Tihrisá
`grrailog m fa is`ratgrag pmrm dus`mr ie fæg,
 

ifpukílogeg `gltrm ie ilgrfi rmoamogr oi bairrg qui `grræm pgr em pmrti aljiragr oi ems
viltmlms. Fi sudæ m fa saeem, va m egs dgfdirgs y fi il`iloæ pgr `gfpeitg. ¡Istg jui fuy
ifg`aglmlti!! Fas gkgs si quiomrgl dgquamdairtgs failtrms farmdm m istgs vmeailtis bárgis il
ifg`aglmlti
m``aðl `gl sus ulajgrfis mpmriltifilti afpilitrmdeis y su vibæ`ueg rgkg draeemlti.

^irg euihg, ulg oi egs gtrgs laýgs mhmrrð fa saeem oidmkg oi fæ, eg qui fi bazg piroir ie
iquaeadrag y vgemr oi `mdizm me rmoamogr. Hgepiá ie `meiltmogr oi fitme ixtrifmomfilti ourg y
`gfil`á m piroir smlhri. Em is`uiem fi eeivð rípaomfilti me bgspatme, ogloi egs fáoa`gs
mtiloairgl fas biraoms. ^irg juirgl sal`irgs `gl fa fmori oispuás3 Em eisaðl il fa `iridrg
lg jui eivi. Fa fmori oakg qui lul`m jua ahume oispuás oi isg. Ogloi mltis bmdæm saog ul
laýg ilirhazmog, sihurg y `uragsg, mbgrm istmdm lgtmdeifilti ois`gli`tmog y tilæm ulm
luivm oaja`uetmo pmrm mpriloir3 Fi risuetmdm ixtrifmomfilti oajæ`ae `gl`iltrmrfi, lg pgoæm
`gl`iltrmrfi y fa fifgram irm bgrradei. @gfg puiois afmhalmr, em is`uiem si `glvartað il
ulm pruidm pmrm fæ. Egs fmistrgs si ripitaræml bmstm qui mpriloairm m pritiloir iltiloir. Q
failtrms tgogs egs gtrgs laýgs istmdml mpriloailog m eiir, Lg pgoæm tilir lalhûl siltaog `gl

ems eitrms. ·Ti`uiroms iltrmr il isgs `ær`uegs oi ei`turm, pmsmr ie eadrg y tilir qui eiir il vgz
metm7 ^mrm fæ, isg jui eg pigr; ispirmr lirvagsmfilti failtrms ie eadrg si m`ir`mdm `mom viz
fís, sgeg pmrm farmr em píhalm y lg iltiloir ulm pmemdrm (`rig qui oi meeæ surhað fa faiog
pmrm bmdemr il pûdea`g). Fi tgfmræm gtrgs tris mýgs pgoir eiir, y `gltaluð sailog ulm eu`bm y
ulm dmtmeem `uistm mrradm ourmlti fu`bg taifpg oispuás oi isg.

Lg istgy sihurg oi bmdir mpriloaog m eiir sa lg juirm pgr egs bárgis qui `glg`æ y va il egs

`ðfa`s. Egs eadrgs lgrfmeis lg pgoæml eemfmr

ee mfmr fa mtil`aðl il mdsgeutg, pirg fa jms`alm`aðl pgr egs
`ðfa`s fi eeivð m sihuar prisaglílogfi bmstm qui puoairm eiir sus bastgrams sal ispirmr m qui
mehuail fís fi ems eiyirm. Egs eiiræm `gl ulm ealtirlm oidmkg oi fas sídmlms m metms bgrms oi em
lg`bi. Isms bastgrams fi oairgl em ispirmlzm oi qui ulm pirsglm puoairm supirmr ems
prgdmdaeaomois afpgsadeis.

Fas supirbárgis jmvgratgs failtrms `ri`æml irml egs R-Fil, lg pgrqui juirml egs fís
juirtis, salg pgrqui irml al`gfpriloaogs y ixtrmýmfilti oajiriltis. Piltæ qui pgoæm
riem`aglmrfi `gl ieegs. Irml futmltis, lg il`mkmdml il em sg`aiomo, y em hilti qui lg egs
iltiloæm egs ri`bmzmdm. Isi
 

Jua yg, filgs egs supirpgoiris. Egs R-Fil irml fmrhalmogs, y yg tmfdaál. ^irtili`æm m su
fulog.
@ri`æ il ie `glomog oi Xist`bistir, ul sudurdag oi em `auomo oi Luivm Qgrc, y ulm lg`bi
istuvi fuy ifg`aglmog me ois`udrar qui, sihûl egs `ðfa`s, em is`uiem oie prgjisgr Rmvair pmrm
 kðvilis `gl bakgs istmdm uda`mom `ir`m oi f
fæ.
æ. @umlog tilæm lui
luivi
vi mýgs, fi sudæ
sudæm
m m fa da`a`eitm

`msa tgogs egs jalis oi sifmlm pmrm pmsimr pgr fa vi`alomrag il dus`m oi em is`uiem. Istmdm
gdsisaglmom ^ilsá qui sa puoairm eg`meazmreg, il`gltrmræm il ism is`uiem ul euhmr ogloi jalmefilti
il`mkmræm, ul euhmr ogloi irm sihurg sir oajirilti, ul euhmr ogloi pgoræm ois`udrar y oismrrgeemr fas
prgpags supirpgoiris.

IE FY@BM@BG @GL IE @ITIDTG TG_G

Il ie fulog rime, em vaom lg irm fuy mfmdei. Jui pgr istm ápg`m qui fa mduiem, qui vavæm `gl
lgsgtrgs y fi myuoð m `ramrfi, `gfilzð m fgstrmr sahlgs mvmlzmogs oi oifil`am. Zir m
mehuail qui mfms piroir em `mdizm y em fifgram is oajæ`ae oi ois`radar. Jui `gfg piroirem ulm y
gtrm viz bmstm qui jmeei`að. Ieem irm fa fulog y, `gfdalmom `gl fas oismjægs oi mpriloazmki, is
pgr isg qui fi mpmsaglm tmltg em smeuo y ie istmog jæsa`g oie `iridrg.
 

Oi vuietm il em is`uiem, jua altafaomog y duremog, y lg sgeg il ie pmtag oi ri`rig salg

tmfdaál il ie muem. Ti`uirog qui ul oæm, il em is`uiem prafmram, ul fmistrg, jrustrmog
pgrqui lg istmdm ri`adailog em ei``aðl, fi siýmeð y oakg; "Isi is ie laýg `gl ie `iridrg rgtg".
Fi mpemstð omrfi `uiltm oi qui msæ irm `gfg ieem fi viæm, y qui prgdmdeifilti gtrgs fi
viæml oi em fasfm fmlirm.

M filuog, `umlog ei pglis ulm itaquitm m mehuail g mehg, `rims ul eæfati

- Em itaquitm si `glvairti il em eafatm`aðl. Egs mouetgs tailil qui tilir fu`bg `uaomog `gl sus pmemdrms
ixtirlms pgrqui ástms si `glvairtil rípaomfilti il pmemdrms altirlms oi ul laýg. Isg is eg qui pmsð
`glfahg il isi fgfiltg. @mom viz qui eu`bmdm pgr mpriloir, fi adm fme il ul ixmfil, lg fi ieihæml
pmrm ul iquapg il em `emsi oi haflmsam g fi quiomdm mtrís oi fas gtrgs `gfpmýirgs oi `emsi, fi oi`æm
qui irm pgrqui fa `iridrg istmdm rgtg. ·@ðfg pgoræm ispirmr bm`ireg tml dail `gfg egs oifís7 Istmdm
omýmom Fa filti lg jul`aglmdm `gfg em oi egs oifís. Al`eusg `umlog istuoaá fu`bg fís ourg qui fas
`gfpmýirgs oi is`uiem, fas `meaja`m`aglis lul`m rijeikmrgl ie isjuirzg qui istmdm bm`ailog.
 

Jua oifmsamog tir`g pmrm riloarfi y eghrá mvmlzmr oi hrmog il hrmog, pirg mpilms istmdm
prgspirmlog. Pa dail jua mvmlzmog il fmtifíta`ms oidaog m em myuom oi mehulgs oi fas mfahgs
m`moáfa`mfilti
m`moáfa`mfil ti tmeiltgsgs, jua bgrradei il em fmygræm oi ems gtrms fmtirams, ispi`amefilti il
`emsis `gfg alheás, ei`turm, aoagfms ixtrmlkirgs y fûsa`m. Euihg, il fa prafir mýg oi is`uiem
si`ulomram, ems `gsms eeihmrgl me pultg il qui `grræm ie raishg oi riprgdmr ie alheás. Fa fmistrm

eemfð m fas pmoris pmrm bmdemr sgdri eg qui pgoæm bm`ir pmrm riular ulm `meaja`m`aðl mprgdmtgram.
Ieem fi gjri`að ul prgyi`tg oi `ráoatg ixtrm. _ilæm qui is`radar ul aljgrfi `gfpmrmlog ems vaoms y
egs eghrgs oi ogs hilags; Eiglmrog om Zal`a y Medirt Ialstial. Ieem fi oakg qui sa bm`æm ul duil
trmdmkg il isti aljgrfi, pgoræm omrfi suja`ailtis pultgs pmrm msihurmrsi oi qui mprgdmrm em
`emsi.

@glsaoirg qui istm is ulm hrml gpgrtulaomo, ulm gpgrtulaomo oi prisaglmr ie dgtðl oi riala`ag il eg
qui bmdæm saog ul `gfailzg oajæ`ae pmrm fa `mrrirm il em is`uiem si`ulomram. Fi `gfprgfitæ tgog eg qui
tilæm pmrm is`radar ie fikgr aljgrfi qui puoi. ^msá bgrms y bgrms y bgrms il em dadeagti`m oispuás oi em

is`uiem, trmtmlog oi mpriloir tgog eg qui pgoæm mpriloir sgdri istms ogs filtis draeemltis failtrms
trmdmkmdm il isti og`ufiltg. @uragsmfilti, ourmlti ism alvistahm`aðl fi il`gltrá `gl fûetapeis
fil`aglis oi qui Medirt Ialstial y Eiglmrog om Zal`a eu`bmrgl `gl supuistms oaja`uetmois oi
mpriloazmki.

Oispuás oi sifmlms oi isjuirzg, is`radæ ie aljgrfi jalme. Istmdm tml grhueegsg oi eg qui bmdæm
bi`bg qui tilæm ems píhalms il`umoirlmoms prgjisaglmefilti. Isti aljgrfi jui ulm oi`emrm`aðl pmrm
fæ3 irm em jgrfm il qui adm m mlul`amr me fulog eg qui irm `mpmz oi bm`ir.

Ie oæm qui oidæm iltrihmr ie aljgrfi, eg pusi il fa fg`baem, iltusamsfmog pgr iltrihírsieg m fa

fmistrm y mûl fís iltusamsfmog `gl em rispuistm qui mlta`apá qui tiloræm m eg qui bmdæm bi`bg.
_ilæm pemlimog oírsieg me jalme oi em `emsi, msæ qui fi siltá il eg qui sim qui istuvaármfgs
bm`ailog isi oæm, trmtmlog oi `gl`iltrmrfi, pirg `glstmltifilti il`gltrmdm fas pilsmfailtgs
vgevailog m em farmom qui ispirmdm vir il em `mrm oi fa fmistrm `umlog ei prisiltmdm ie aljgrfi.

^irg euihg fi emlzð ulm dgem `urvm qui lg istmdm pripmrmom pmrm hgepimr. Mprgxafmomfilti m em
fatmo oie pirægog oi `emsi, em fmistrm tirfalð su ei``aðl y eis oakg m egs istuoamltis qui tilæm ulm
sgrprism pmrm ieegs. Ieem oakg qui bmdæm istmog trmdmkmlog il ul aljgrfi oi `ráoatg moa`aglme y qui ei
hustmræm qui eg prisiltmrm m em `emsi, mbgrm.
 

Bmdæm pmsmog em fmygr pmrti oi fa vaom is`gemr altiltmlog riou`arfi tmltg qui lg fi
eemfmræml il `emsi3 `umlog iris ie quidrmltmog, lg sailtis qui tailis fu`bg qui gjri`ir. Irm
fís qui tæfaog, y lg fi hustmdm eemfmr em mtil`aðl. Fa supirpgoir il mquie iltgl`is irm sir
alvasadei. _mfdaál tilæm ul faiog fgrtme oi bmdemr il pûdea`g. Lg istgy ixmhirmlog mquæ. Pa fi
`gli`tð m ul fglatgr `mroæm`g il isi fgfiltg, pgoræm bmdir rgtg em fíqualm. Moifís oi istg,

mpilms pgoæm risparmr. Pafpeifilti lg bmdæm jgrfm oi qui puoairm pmrmrfi jrilti m tgogs y
bmdemreis sgdri ie trmdmkg qui bmdæm bi`bg. Iltgl`is, tgfá em ûla`m gp`aðl qui va oaspgladei
pmrm fæ.

"Eg sailtg3 Lg eg ba`i ", tmrtmfuoiá, mpilms sm`mlog ems pmemdrms oi fa dg`m.

Em ixprisaðl oi oisaeusaðl il em `mrm oi fa fmistrg, tml oajirilti oi em ixprisaðl qui

bmdæm jmltmsimog mltis, jui tml prgjulom qui fa `grmzðl `msa si rgfpað. ^irg lg pgoæm bm`ir
eg qui ieem quiræm qui ba`airm. @umlog tirfalð em `emsi, oispuás oi qui tgogs si juirgl, tará
fa aljgrfi m em dmsurm y, kultg `gl áe, ulm hrml pmrti oi fa mutgistafm y vmegr.

IP_ÍP FÍP @IT@M OI EG ]YI ^AILPMP

Oi mehulm fmlirm, m pismr oi tgogs egs prgdeifms qui tuvi il em is`uiem, eghrá alhrismr m ulm
ulavirsaomo eg`me. ^ilsá qui sir ul istuoamlti oi prafir mýg il em ulavirsaomo sahlaja`mdm ulm ûetafm
gpgrtulaomo pmrm `gfilzmr oi luivg. Pgýá `gl ilgrhueei`ir m fa jmfaeam y fgstrmrei me fulog (y, eg qui
is fís afpgrtmlti, m fæ fasfg) qui bazg
qui  bazg tilir ie pgtil`ame pmrm tilir áxatg Istmdm il ul luivg
mfdailti. Egs prgjisgris ulavirsatmrags ilsiýmdml oi fmlirm oajirilti m egs prgjisgris oi si`ulomram, y
lmoai il istm ulavirsaomo tilæm lg`aglis pri`gl`idaoms sgdri fæ. Fi isjgr`á fu`bg, pirg il rimeaomo
tirfalá pigr il fas `emsis ulavirsatmrams qui il em is`uiem si`ulomram.

M egs pg`gs fisis oi istg, `gfil`á m iljriltmr fa rimeaomo. Lg pgoæm vir ie pultg oi
piroir taifpg y oalirg qui lg tilæm. Istmdm eastg pmrm oikmr em is`uiem pgr `gfpeitg. Ei `gltá
m ul mfahg sgdri fas pemlis y fi suharað qui, mltis oi tgfmr ulm oi`asaðl, juirm `gl áe m
vasatmr m su jmfaeam ourmlti ie jal oi sifmlm. ^ilsð qui meikmrfi oie `mfpus pgoræm omrfi
mehg oi pirspi`tavm. @umlog eeihmfgs, su pmori fi fgstrð su prgpaiomo mltis oi em `ilm.
Il ie `mfalg, prihultð `ðfg fi adm a dm il em is`uiem. Jui eem
m pigr prihultm qui mehuail pgoræm
bm`irfi il isi fgfiltg, y istgy sihurg oi qui fa rispuistm eg sgrpriloað. Istmeeá il
eemltg. Lg `gltilailog ems eíhrafms
 

eegrmlog, pirg eegrmlog. ^uoi vir qui istmdm sgrpriloaog pgr istg, pirg su alg`ilti
prihultm bmdæm rgtg em prism qui `gltilæm tmltms ifg`aglis m`ufuemoms.

Ei `gltá tgom em bastgram oie "laýg `gl ie `iridrg rgtg" failtrms is`u`bmdm
pm`ailtifilti. @umlog tirfalá, fi farð oari`tmfilti m egs gkgs. "Kaf, ·pgr quá istís il
em is`uiem7" áe oakg. "·]uá quairis sir7 ·]uá quairis bm`ir7 ·]uá quairis tilir7 ·]uá
is eg qui oisims `gfpmrtar7"

Lg tilæm rispuistms alfioamtms m lalhulm oi istms prihultms pgrqui lmoai fi ems

bmdæm prihultmog mltis, pirg siltæm qui li`isatmdm rispgloirems mbgrm. Ifpi`á m bmdemr
y áe fi oituvg. Pm`ð ul pmr oi bgkms oi pmpie oi su oamrag oi dgesaeeg y fi oakg qui
is`radairm fas rispuistms. (Il isti eadrg, ei fgstrmrá `ðfg bm`ir prihultms pmrm mpriloir
y eghrmr mehg fís rípaog).

^msá egs sahuailtis falutgs is`radailog ulm eastm oi oisigs. @umlog tirfalá, `gfil`á
m ogdemr egs pmpieis y fi pripmrá pmrm pgliregs il fa dgesaeeg. ^irg failtrms eg bm`æm, ie
pmori oi fa mfahg tgfð ems píhalms oi fa fmlg. Fi msustá, pgrqui lg pilsá qui eg qui
bmdæm is`ratg juirm m sir eiæog pgr lmoai fís, ispi`amefilti isti `gfpeitg ixtrmýg. ^irg áe
mdrað ems píhalms y eiyð failtrms yg fi al`gfgomdm.

^mri`æm qui ei tgfð bgrms eiir eg qui bmdæm is`ratg, mulqui istgy sihurg oi qui sgeg jui
ul falutg g ogs. @umlog tirfalð, oakg; "Istís tml `ir`m", sgstilailog egs oiogs æloa`is il sus
fmlgs oiri`bm i azquairom m ul pai oi oastml`am, "pmrm gdtilir `mom `gsm il ism eastm".

Ism mjarfm`aðl fi pmri`að mdsurom. Ei oaki qui lg pgoræm ois`ajrmr istm eastm sa tuvairm =>
vaoms. ^irg euihg tgfð sus oiogs y, sal ixpmloar em oastml`am iltri ieegs, `geg`ð ulg m `mom
emog oi fa `mdizm. Ie ispm`ag qui istmdm ois`radailog irm fa `iridrg.

"Ism is em `emvi", oakg. "Zil `glfahg3 _ilhg mehg qui ilsiýmrti." Tihrismfgs m em `msm
ogloi fi eeivð m ulm bmdatm`aðl qui lul`m bmdæm vastg mltis. Istmdm eeilg oi pmrio m pmrio,
oi pasg m ti`bg `gl eadrgs.
e adrgs. Mbgrm ri`uirom, il isi fgfiltg oi fa vaom, lg irm jmlíta`g oi egs
eadrgs3 Irm `gfg istmr il ulm bmdatm`aðl eeilm oi sirpailtis. ^irg eg qui eg bazg mûl pigr jui
qui `gfilzð m tgfmr sirpailtis oi sus istmltis y fi ems iltrihð. Fará egs tætuegs y fi oa
`uiltm oi qui irml daghrmjæms oi bgfdris al`riædeis y
 

fukiris m eg emrhg oi em bastgram, msæ `gfg mehulgs eadrgs tifprmlgs oi `ri`afailtg pirsglme `gfg Em
fmham oi pilsmr il hrmloi, ie pgoir oie pilsmfailtg pgsatavg, y
^ailsm y @ri`i Ta`g.
"Kaf, quairg qui eims ulg oi istgs eadrgs m em sifmlm". Fa prafir pilsmfailtg jui  ·Lg bms
istmog is`u`bmlog lmom oi eg qui bi istmog oa`ailog7 Lg prihultá istg il vgz metm, pirg
rispgloæ; ―Lg sá `ðfg pgoræm bm`ir isg. Pmdis, eiir lg fi risuetm jí`ae, y tilhg fu`bg
trmdmkg is`gemr qui bm`ir ".

Eivmltð ul oiog y oakg; "Lg oikis qui em is`uiem altirjairm `gl tu iou`m`aðl". Fís tmroi
supi qui istmdm pmrmjrmsimlog ulm `atm m filuog mtraduaom m Fmrc _wmal.

"Farm", ei oaki. "Iltailog `ðfg eiir istgs eadrgs siræm rimefilti ûtae, pirg lg quairg bm`ir
lalhulm prgfism qui lg puiom `ufpear". Bazg ulm pmusm y euihg dus`ð il su dgesaeeg, sm`ð
fa eastm oi oisigs y `gfilzð m eiir `mom ulg il vgz metm.

Bmdæm mehg m`ir`m oi is`u`bmr fas suiýgs il em vgz oi gtrm pirsglm qui fi pirturdmdm
em filti y ie mefm `gl mehg jirgz. M oi`ar viromo, fu`bms oi ems `gsms il em eastm irml `gsms
qui quiræm bm`ir pgr fa jmfaeam, `gsms qui fas pmoris lul`m pgoræml pirfatarsi g qui lul`m
bmdræml bi`bg pgr ieegs fasfgs, al`eusg sa puoairml bm`ireg. Is`u`bmr istm ei`turm il vgz
metm fi `glfgvað oi jgrfms qui lg `riæm pgsadeis. Fi `gli`tð prgjulomfilti `gl fa
afpuesg y prgpðsatg. (Oismtmrifgs tu fgtavm`aðl kultgs il 
il ^mrti 0  .) @umlog tirfalð, ei oaki
qui bmræm ixm`tmfilti eg qui áe suharað, mulqui il si`ritg lg tilæm aoim oi `ðfg adm m
eghrmr ism bmzmým.

BM@AILOG EM ^TIHYL_M @GTTI@_M

Tihrisá m em is`uiem oispuás oie jal oi sifmlm, mrfmog `gl egs eadrgs qui fi bmdæm omog. Il
fa is`ratgrag mbgrm bmdæm ogs fgltglis; ulg qui tilæm qui eiir pmrm em is`uiem y gtrg qui
prgfitæ eiir. Em is`mem oi eg qui bmdæm m`gromog rihastrmr `glfahg. ·@ðfg adm m bm`ir fieem
il istgs fgltglis `umlog eiir irm tml emdgragsg pmrm fæ7 Qm istmdm eu`bmlog pgr supirmr ie
prafir fgltðl, ·quá adm m bm`ir7 ·Oi oðloi sm`mræm ie taifpg7 Msæ qui lg `gfæ, lg ogrfæ, lg
ba`i ikir`a`ag, lg va tieivasaðl la pmsá taifpg `gl mfahgs. Il `mfdag, prí`ta`mfilti vavæm il em
dadeagti`m, bmstm qui ulm lg`bi fi oisfmyá pgr purg mhgtmfailtg y fi `mæ pgr ul trmfg oi
is`meirms, sujrailog gtrm eisaðl il em `mdizm.
 

Lg jui bmstm ogs oæms oispuás qui fi oispirtá il ie bgspatme. ^ilsá qui bmdæm fuirtg, y tme viz ulm
pmrti oi fæ oisimdm bmdireg bi`bg. Jui rimefilti ul pultg gs`urg y dmkg il em vaom. Istmdm piroailog
pisg, fa pisg bmdæm dmkmog m ==8 eadrms y istmdm tml oisbaormtmog qui istmdm ilhml`bmog m dgesms
altrmvilgsms.

_ml fasirmdei `gfg irm, fi oaki m fæ fasfg; "_aili qui bmdir ulm fikgr fmlirm". Il isi
fgfiltg, ulm iljirfirm iltrð il fa bmdatm`aðl, eeivmlog ulm tmzm oi tá `gl ulm jgtg oi
Ialstial, ie fasfg tifm oie aljgrfi oie eadrg qui fi alsparð m prgjuloazmr y istuoamr il em
is`uiem prafmram. Em `atm me emog oi su afmhil oi`æm; "Lalhûl prgdeifm puioi risgevirsi oisoi
ie fasfg lavie oi `gl`ail`am qui eg `rið".

Jui iltgl`is `umlog fi oa `uiltm; tme viz istmdm bm`ailog em prihultm iquavg`mom. Ifpi`á m
prihultmrfi, ·`uíe irm fa rime
fa rime ·prgdeifm7 Pmdæm qui mpriloæm eiltmfilti, pirg bmdæm istmog pilsmlog
eg fasfg ourmlti mýgs. Fi oa `uiltm oi qui yg
 

istmdm trmtmlog oi risgevir fas prgdeifms oi mpriloazmki pilsmlog oi em jgrfm il qui fi bmdæml ilsiýmog
m pilsmr, m trmdmkmr fís ourg. ^irg, ·y sa puoairm ilsiýmrfi ul fikgr fátgog pmrm mpriloir7 ·]uá pmsmræm
sa puoairm mpriloir oi ulm fmlirm fís ija`ailti, iji`tavm i al`eusg mhrmomdei7 ·]uá pmsmræm sa puoairm
mpriloir m mpriloir fís rípaog7
r ípaog7 Fi `gfprgfitæ il isi fasfg fgfiltg m il`gltrmr isi `mfalg, y `gl isi
`gfprgfasg, fa filtmeaomo `gfilzð m `mfdamr.

Ei pioæ m em iljirfirm ul dgeitæl oie `ursg y eg bgkiá, píhalm pgr píhalm. Oispuás oi ul pmr oi
`ailtgs oi píhalms, lg puoi il`gltrmr lmom fís qui `emsis il quá
il  quá
mpriloir ispmýge, bastgram, fmtifíta`ms, `ail`ams, pirg lg bmdæm `emsis qui ilsiýmrml m egs istuoamltis `ðfg
mpriloir.

M^TILOIT @ÐFG M^TILOIT

@umlog smeæ oie bgspatme, fi altrahð tmltg em aoim oi mpriloir m mpriloir qui oiká oi emog fas istuoags y fi
`gl`iltrá sgeg il egs eadrgs qui fi oag fa filtgr, msæ `gfg il egs eadrgs qui il`gltrá sgdri tigræm oie
mpriloazmki oi mouetgs, fûetapeis tigræm oi em altieahil`am, liurg`ail`am, `ri`afailtg pirsglme, psa`geghæm
iou`mtavm, ei`turm rípaom i al`eusg flifgtá`la`gs mltahugs (quiræm smdir quá bm`æml ems `ueturms fís
mltahums pmrm trmlsfatar ie `glg`afailtg mltis oi qui tuvairml oaspgsatavgs oi mefm`ilmfailtg ixtirlgs `gfg
em afpriltm y ems `gfputmogrms). Istmdm gdsisaglmog `gl risgevir isti ilahfm; ·@ðfg jul`aglm fa `iridrg
pmrm pgoir trmdmkmr `gl fa `iridrg7

Merioiogr oi ul pmr oi fisis oi alfirsaðl prgjulom il fas luivgs istuoags

mutgoarahaogs, si il`iloað ul altirruptgr oi euz. Fa `mpm`aomo oi `gl`iltrm`aðl jui fís
juirti. @gfil`á m `gfpriloir luivgs `gl`iptgs pgrqui pgoæm `gl`iltrmrfi, ym lg fi
oastrmæm jí`aefilti. ^goæm ri`gromr fikgr em aljgrfm`aðl qui bmdæm istuoamog sifmlms mltis
`gl pg`m oaja`uetmo. _ilæm ul luivg lavie oi ilirhæm y `uragsaomo. ^gr prafirm viz il fa vaom,
puoi eiir y `gfpriloir aljgrfm`aðl il ulm jrm``aðl oie taifpg qui sgeæm tgfmr. Fa luivm
`gfpitil`am fi oag ulm silsm`aðl oi `gljamlzm qui lul`m mltis bmdæm siltaog. Fa vaom
oamram tmfdaál `mfdað; istmdm `emrg, smdæm quá bm`ir pmrm mvmlzmr y oisdegquiá ul siltaog
oi fgtavm`aðl fgtavmogr y sgstiladei. @gl istgs risuetmogs, fa filtmeaomo `mfdað y `gfil`á
m `riir qui tgog irm pgsadei.

^irg tmfdaál istmdm fgeistg. Fi pmri`að qui tgogs fas mýgs oi ouoms y sujrafailtg pgoræml
bmdirsi ivatmog sa isti fátgog `ræta`g oi fitm mpriloazmki (mpriloir m mpriloir) si budairm
ilsiýmog il em is`uiem. Fi m`uirog fmistrgs
 

oa`aálogfi `glstmltifilti qui istuoai y fi `gl`iltri fís. Oi`arei m ul laýg qui bmhm `gsms
`gfg "`gl`iltrmrsi" is `gfg oi`arei qui tgqui ie ucieiei3 is fuy oajæ`ae oi bm`ir sal bmdir saog
ilsiýmog `ðfg.
Q, sahuailog ie vamki oie bárgi, lg puoi ivatmr `gfpmrtar ie tisgrg y ems ei``aglis qui
mpriloæ. @gfil`á m ilsiýmr istgs fátgogs m gtrgs istuoamltis. Ie pultg oi aljeixaðl eeihð
`umlog trmdmká `gl ul istuoamlti oi prafir mýg qui quiræm mpriloir m eiir fís rípaog,
mufiltmr em `gfprilsaðl y ritilir em aljgrfm`aðl qui istmdm istuoamlog. _rmdmkð
oaeahiltifilti y eghrð su gdkitavg oi eiir 0> eadrgs il 0> oæms. Pmdæm `ðfg eg bm`æm; ei ilsiýá
ie fátgog qui mpriloirís il 
il@  mpætueg =? ‟
  ^irg quiræm smdir pgr quá. Ois`udræ qui su
fgtavm`aðl irm qui m su fmori ei bmdæml oamhlgsta`mog ul `íl`ir tirfalme y qui istmdm
oi`aoaom m smevmrem istuoamlog eadrgs sgdri smeuo, dailistmr y fioa`alm. Fisis oispuás, ieem
fi eemfð, eegrmlog oi meihræm, pmrm oi`arfi qui ie `íl`ir oi su fmori istmdm il rifasaðl.

Jui il isi fgfiltg qui fi oa `uiltm oi qui sa ie `glg`afailtg is pgoir, iltgl`is ie mpriloazmki is

luistrm supirpgtil`am. Q luistrm `mpm`aomo oi mpriloir is aeafatmom3 safpeifilti li`isatmfgs qui si lgs
fuistri `ðfg m``ioir m áe. Zir em jgrfm il qui `mfdað em vaom oi istm fukir il`iloað il fæ ul prgpðsatg,
qui fi pirfatað ri`glg`ir eg qui si `glvartað il em fasaðl oi fa vaom; ilsiýmr em filtmeaomo, em fgtavm`aðl y
egs fátgogs pmrm fikgrmr su `iridrg y mpriloir mehg fís rípaog pmrm qui puiom oisdegquimr su vaom
ix`ip`aglme.

Il ie trmls`ursg oi fís oi ogs oá`moms, bi oismrrgeemog ul `glkultg `gljamdei y

`gfprgdmog oi fátgogs prí`ta`gs pmrm fikgrmr ie mpriloazmki, fu`bgs oi egs `umeis
mpmri`il il isti eadrg. Lg sgeg bi `ufpeaog fa prgfism oi eiir ul eadrg m em sifmlm,
salg qui sahg sarvailog y mpgymlog m tgogs, oisoi laýgs itaquitmogs `gfg

"oas`mpm`atmogs il ie mpriloazmki",
ilviki`afailtg `iridrme. bmstm oioa`mog
Luistrg iquapg, pirsglms mfmygris `gl oi
em fifgram oismjægs oi mpgym
fa mduiem,
mpmsaglmomfilti em alvistahm`aðl oie Mezbiafir. Q `riifgs qui em iou`m`aðl is ie
oiri`bg oi lm`afailtg oi tgogs egs laýgs, ym qui jalml`am em `rim`aðl oi is`uiems il
tgog ie fulog oisoi * umtifmem bmstm Cilam, dralomlog mtil`aðl fáoa`m, mhum eafpam y
mpriloazmki pmrm laýgs li`isatmogs m trmvás oi grhmlazm`aglis al`riædeis `gfg XI
@bmraty y ^il`aes gj ^rgfasi. Ism is luistrm fasaðl; `glstruar fikgris `iridrgs fís
draeemltis. Lg istmfgs oikmlog lalhûl `iridrg mtrís. Bi ilsiýmog istms tá`la`ms m
gtrgs `gl risuetmogs sgrpriloiltis,
 

pemtmjgrfm `gl istuoamltis oi =19 pmæsis, y pmrm grhmlazmr ul pgo`mst iou`mtavg supiragr eemfmog Cwac
Drmal, `gl oi`ilms oi faeeglis oi ois`mrhms y qui fas ilsiýmlzms ri`adml `ailtgs oi faeeglis oi
riprgou``aglis oi vaoigs. Isti eadrg istí eeilg oi ei``aglis y `glsikgs prí`ta`gs qui bi mpriloaog m eg
emrhg oi egs mýgs, kultg `gl em smdaouræm y egs ri`ursgs oi fu`bgs oi egs ixpirtgs alvatmogs qui bml
mpmri`aog il luistrg prghrmfm.

Oahg tgog istg pgrqui, oispuás oi bmdir oioa`mog fa vaom m alvistahmr y ilsiýmr isti
tifm, sá eg qui bmy oiltrg oi isti eadrg y, eg qui is fís afpgrtmlti, sá eg qui bmy oiltrg oi
ta.

BMEEM[HG ^TGJIPGT R'P

@GEIHAG
Bmy ulm `gom jgrtuatm il istm bastgram. @gfg fil`aglá, rihuemrfilti gjriz`g iltrilmfailtg filtme m
egs @IG y sus iquapgs. Bm`i ulgs mýgs, Kaf * amlgpuegs, iltgl`is @IG y ^risaoilti oi 4>tb @iltury

Jgx, fi alvatð m bm`ir ulm sisaðl oi iltrilmfailtg `gl su iquapg iki`utavg. Jua me egti oi pieæ`uems ul
vairlis pgr em fmýmlm y pmsá vmrams bgrms `gl egs fikgris faifdrgs oie pirsglme. Istuvairgl
pmrta`uemrfilti mdairtgs m fa filsmki i alstmltílimfilti si `gli`tmrgl `gl ems tá`la`ms. @umlog
tirfalð em sisaðl, Kaf si fi m`ir`ð y oakg; ―Isg jui al`riædei. Jui ulm oi ems fikgris sisaglis oi
iltrilmfailtg qui bifgs tilaog ‖. Istmdm il`mltmog oi is`u`bmr istg, pgr supuistg. ·M quaál lg ei
hustml egs `gfiltmrags pgsatavgs7 Fís tmroi, ourmlti ul ri`grraog pgr ie egti, fa gkg si pgsð il ul
pðstir oi em pieæ`uem Xgevirali, qui istmdm prghrmfmom pmrm smear fís tmroi isi mýg. Piýmeá ie `mrtie y
oaki; ―Lg puiog ispirmr pmrm vir ism pieæ`uem. Pgy ul hrml jml." "Gb, ·ti hustml egs supirbárgis7" Oakg
Kaf.

"Ífmegs. Egs R-Fil bml kuhmog ul pmpie afpgrtmlti il fa vaom ". Euihg ei `gltá sgdri fa
eisaðl `iridrme aljmltae, `ðfg egs `ðfa`s fi myuomrgl m mpriloir m eiir y fa dûsquiom oi em
is`uiem oie prgjisgr R.
Áe fi sglrað. ―Pmdis, tilifgs gtrgs 0> oæms oi rgomki il em prðxafm pieæ`uem oi R-Fil
il Fgltrime. ·^gr quá lg vailis y pmsms ulm sifmlm il ie sit7 M egs m`tgris eis
il`mltmræm trmdmkmr `gltahg. Lg bmdæm jgrfm oi qui ri`bmzmrm istg. Lul`m mltis bmdæm
istmog il ul pemtð oi `ali, y isti lg irm ul pemtð `umequairm, irm ul pemtð oi R-Fil. M em
fmýmlm sahuailti, lgs sudafgs me mvaðl qui eemfmrgl ie R-Kit.
ie R-Kit.  Egs gtrgs pmsmkirgs
al`euyirgl em fmygræm oie ieil`g futmlti, y fi il`gltrá siltmog
 

iltri Killajir Emwril`i y Bmeei Dirry. Isti risuetð sir ie fikgr oæm oi tgogs.

Il ie mvaðl y em prðxafm sifmlm il ie sit, puoi `gfpmrtar mehulgs oi fas `glsikgs filtmeis pmrm
huaglis oi ei`turm rípaom y pmrm ri`gromr eælims `gl
` gl mehulgs oi egs ixtrmgroalmrags m`tgris y iquapg.
·Q moavalm quá7 Em prafirm is`ilm il em qui egs va jaefmr tuvg euhmr il em is`uiem oie prgjisgr R, ie

euhmr ogloi bmdæm pmsmog altirfalmdeis oæms afmhalmlog y dus`mlog `umlog irm ul laýg. Jui ul
fgfiltg tml surrimeastm pmrm fæ. ·@uíe is ulg oi tus suiýgs7 ·Ylg qui saifpri istí prisilti,
`gfg ulm mstaeem il tu `iridrg7 Afmhælieg `gl vævaogs oitmeeis. Zasumeæzmeg. Piltareg. @ráieg. Q trmdmkm
oamramfilti pgr ieeg.

Pgrpriloiltifilti,
Pgrpriloiltifilti, ism lg is em fikgr pmrti oi istm bastgram. @umlog rihrisá oie vamki, eeihuá m
`msm pmrm il`gltrmr ul pmquiti qui fi ispirmdm. Irm ilgrfi, mprgxafmomfilti oie tmfmýg oi ul
hrml tieivasgr oi pmltmeem pemlm. Mdræ ie pmquiti y smquá ulm ilgrfi jgtghrmjæm ilfmr`mom oi fæ `gl
tgog ie ieil`g oi R-Fil. Em jgtg tilæm ulm lgtm oie prisaoilti, qui oi`æm;

- Af, fu`bms hrm`ams pgr `gfpmrtar sus suPirPgwirs `gl tgogs lgsgtrgs. Pá qui
bms istmog dus`mlog tu is`uiem oi supirbárgis
oisoi qui irms ul laýg. Mquæ istí tu `emsi Pbgtg.

Zim em jgtg rime oi supirbárgi m tgog `gegr il

EafateissDggc.`gf/`emsspbgtg  .

AEAFA_MLOG KYL_GP

aeafatmog
ul ¸ eaf ¸ at ¸ alh ( sustmltavg) 

Ie m`tg g prg`isg oi ois`mrtmr pir`ip`aglis alixm`tms y ristra`tavms oie pgtil`ame

oi ulg y m`iptmr em rimeaomo oi qui, `gl em filtmeaomo, fgtavm`aðl y fátgogs
`grri`tgs, lg bmy eafatm`aglis.

Ourmlti hrml pmrti oi fa vaom, fi pirfatæ sir oijalaog pgr fas ristra``aglis pir`adaoms. Gdtuvi
eg qui pilsá qui irm ul ois`mlsg tirradei `umlog irm ul
 

`ba`g, y istmdm `glvil`aog oi qui istg bmdæm fmr`mog ie rufdg pmrm ul juturg `gfprgfitaog. ^irg, `gl em myuom
oi mehulms pirsglms `emvi, ois`udræ qui fas ristra``aglis pir`adaoms lg irml rimefilti ristra``aglis. Irml
safpeifilti gdstí`uegs qui li`isatmdm supirmr g eafatm`aglis qui li`isatmdm oismpriloir. Q `umlog eg ba`i, eg
qui pgoæm mpriloir m sir g bm`ir `mom oæm si vgevað aeafatmog. Zgevirsi aeafatmog lg si trmtm sgeg oi mpriloazmki
m`ieirmog, ei`turm rípaom y tilir ulm fifgram al`riædei. Pæ, mpriloirí `ðfg bm`ir tgog isg y fís. ^irg sir

aeafatmog lg si trmtm oi sir pirji`tg. Pi trmtm oi prghrismr fís meeí oi eg qui m`tumefilti `riis qui is pgsadei. Oi
em fasfm jgrfm qui mpriloað egs eæfatis oi su jmfaeam, `ueturm y ixpirail`ams oi vaom, puioi oismpriloiregs. Istms
ristra``aglis sgl sgeg gdstí`uegs tifpgrmeis qui puiois mpriloir m supirmr. Eg qui bi il`gltrmog ourmlti fas
mýgs oi trmdmkg `gl pirsglms is qui `msa tgogs eafatml y riou`il sus suiýgs pmrm momptmrsi m su rimeaomo m`tume.
Lgs `glvil`ifgs oi qui ems `ar`ulstml`ams il ems qui lgs il`gltrmfgs, ems `riil`ams qui bifgs m`iptmog y ie
`mfalg il ie qui lgs il`gltrmfgs is quaális sgfgs y quaális sirifgs saifpri. ^irg bmy gtrm gp`aðl. ^uiois
mpriloir m eafatmr y ixpmloar tu filtmeaomo, tu fgtavm`aðl y tus fátgogs pmrm `rimr ulm vaom aeafatmom. @umlog bm`is
eg qui gtrgs lg bmríl, puiois vavar `gfg gtrgs lg puioil. Me eiir isti eadrg, bm omog ul pmsg afpgrtmlti. Ti`uiroi,
ul pmsg il ulm fikgr oari``aðl puioi `mfdamr `gfpeitmfilti su oistalg. y ie `mfalg il ie qui istmfgs is
quaális sgfgs y quaális sirifgs saifpri. ^irg bmy gtrm gp`aðl. ^uiois mpriloir m eafatmr y ixpmloar tu

filtmeaomo, tu fgtavm`aðl y tus fátgogs pmrm `rimr ulm vaom aeafatmom. @umlog bm`is eg qui gtrgs lg bmríl, puiois
vavar `gfg gtrgs lg puioil. Me eiir isti eadrg, bm omog ul pmsg afpgrtmlti. Ti`uiroi, ul pmsg il ulm fikgr
oari``aðl puioi `mfdamr `gfpeitmfilti su oistalg. y ie `mfalg il ie qui istmfgs is quaális sgfgs y quaális
sirifgs saifpri. ^irg bmy gtrm gp`aðl. ^uiois mpriloir m eafatmr y ixpmloar tu filtmeaomo, tu fgtavm`aðl y tus
fátgogs pmrm `rimr ulm vaom aeafatmom. @umlog bm`is eg qui gtrgs lg bmríl, puiois vavar `gfg gtrgs lg puioil. Me
eiir isti eadrg, bm omog ul pmsg afpgrtmlti. Ti`uiroi, ul pmsg il ulm fikgr oari``aðl puioi `mfdamr `gfpeitmfilti su oistalg.
Em `emvi `umlog istí omlog sus pmsgs is tilir ul fmpm, ul fgoieg oi áxatg. Mrfmog `gl
istg meeæ, lg bmy pruidm g ormhðl qui lg puioms supirmr. Msa qui mqua istm;

Ie fgoieg aeafatmog 
 

IE FGOIEG PAL EÆFA_IP

^uiois
prgdmrtimpriloir m sir,
istg. Pa lg istíbm`ir, tilir y g`gfpmrtar
mpriloailog vavailog sal
m suristra``aglis. Is`radæsaisti
fíxafg pgtil`ame, bmyeadrg
ulm pmrm
dri`bm iltri su rimeaomo m`tume y su rimeaomo oisimom, istm is em rmzðl; bmy ul eæfati qui
oidi eadirmrsi y riifpemzmrsi il ulm oi tris írims;

Yl eæfati il su filtmeaomo; taili ulm dmkm `riil`am il sæ fasfg, sus `mpm`aomois, eg

qui si firi`i g eg qui is pgsadei.
Yl eæfati il su fgtavm`aðl; ei jmetm ie afpuesg, ie prgpðsatg g em ilirhæm pmrm m`tumr.
 

Yl eæfati il sus fátgogs; si ei ilsiýð y istí m`tumlog il ul prg`isg qui lg is

iji`tavg pmrm `rimr egs risuetmogs qui oisim.

Istg si mpea`m m ul aloavaoug, ulm jmfaeam, ulm grhmlazm`aðl. _gogs tilifgs luistrm
prgpam bastgram ûla`m oi eu`bms y jgrtmeizms. @umequairm sim su satum`aðl, istm is em fikgr

pmrti;
pmrtis lg
quiistí
istísgeg. Zgy moimyuomreg
m pultg m sir
mpriloir; aeafatmog aeafatmom,
filtmeaomo m su fmlirm, oiltrg aeafatmom
fgtavm`aðl oie fmr`g oi tris
y fátgogs
aeafatmogs. Oákmfi oishegsmreg;
oishegsmreg;

Filtmeaomo (ie ]YÁ); `riil`ams, m`tatuois y supgsa`aglis prgjulomfilti mrrmahmoms qui

`rimfgs sgdri quaális sgfgs, `ðfg jul`aglm ie fulog, oi quá sgfgs `mpm`is y firi`ifgs,
y quá is pgsadei.

Fgtavm`aðl (ie ^GT ]YÁ); ie prgpðsatg qui ulg taili pmrm tgfmr fioaoms. Em ilirhæm riquiraom
pmrm qui mehuail si `gfpgrti oi ulm fmlirm pmrta`uemr. Fátgog (ie @ÐFG); ul prg`isg
ispi`æja`g pmrm eghrmr mehg, ispi`amefilti ulm jgrfm oi alstru``aðl groilmom, eðha`m g
sastifíta`m.

Gtrm lgtm sgdri ie oamhrmfm il em píhalm mltiragr. Zirís qui ogloi em filtmeaomo si
`ruzm `gl em fgtavm`aðl, tilhg em pmemdrm alsparm`aðl.
pmemdrm alsparm`aðl.
Istís alsparmog, pirg lg smdis quá fátgogs ifpeimr g oðloi `mlmeazmr tu ilirhæm.
Ogloi em fgtavm`aðl y ie fátgog si `ruzml, tailis
afpeifiltm`aðl. Il isti `msg, sus risuetmogs si eafatmríl m eg qui sailti qui firi`i, oi eg
qui sailti qui is `mpmz y oi eg qui `rii qui is pgsadei pgrqui `mri`i oi em filtmeaomo
moi`umom. Ogloi em filtmeaomo y ie fátgog si `ruzml, tailis aoim`aðl
tailis aoim`aðl Pus mfda`aglis
pirfmli`il il su filti, pgrqui ei jmetm em ilirhæm pmrm bm`ir mehg me rispi`tg. Ogloi egs
tris si `ruzml, tailis ie istmog aeafatmog. Iltgl`is tailis ie `umrtg QG,
`umrtg  QG, `ume is altihrm`aðl.

M eg emrhg oi isti eadrg, il`gltrmrí ikir`a`ags, istuoags, birrmfailtms filtmeis y egs risuetmogs oi ul
trmdmkg ifg`aglmlti rimeazmog tmltg il em jrgltirm oi em `ail`am `ghlatavm y ie riloafailtg `gfg il em
smdaouræm mltahum (pgr ikifpeg, `ðfg ems `avaeazm`aglis mltahums ri`gromdml hilirm`aglis oi
`glg`afailtg mltis qui eg ixtirlg). oaspgsatavgs oi mefm`ilmfailtg `gfg em afpriltm). Lgs
m`ir`mrifgs m ems 0 F m su viz;
 

Il ^mrti AA
AA ,  Filtmeaomo aeafatmom
aeafatmom,, mpriloirís eg qui is pgsadei `umlog irrmoa`m ems
`riil`ams eafatmltis. Il 
Il^
  mrti AAA ,  Fgtavm`aðl aeafatmom, ois`ud
ois`udrarís
rarís pgr quá tu prgpðsatg
is su pgoir y `emvis pmrm eadirmr su afpuesg y ilirhæm. Il 
Il ^
  mrti AZ  , Fátgogs
aeafatmogs, ois`udrarí `ðfg mpriloir fikgr `gl prgdmoms prg`isgs  ‟Ems
birrmfailtms y tá`la`ms qui eg afpuesmríl bm`am em vaom qui oisim y firi`i.

Q, me jalme oie eadrg, ti ogy ul peml oi => oæms pmrm afpuesmr tu prghrisg bm`am ulm
sifmlm aeafatmom y ulm vaom aeafatmom.
@umlog tirfali isti eadrg, tilorí em `mpm`aomo oi sir aeafatmog il `umequair írim afpgrtmlti pmrm
ustio, ym sim m`moáfa`m, oi smeuo, prgjisaglme, oi riem`aglis g oi `ri`afailtg pirsglme. @gfg lul`m
puoi istuoamr il em is`uiem R-Fil, eg `riá pmrm ta il luistrm M`moifam oi Mpriloazmki Cwac il eælim,
ogloi pirsglms oi tgoms ems iomois oi =19 lm`aglis iltrilml `gl lgsgtrgs oamramfilti pmrm oismtmr
sus supirpgoiris filtmeis. @glsaoirmr  Pal
 Pal eæfatis tu eadrg oi tixtg Piræm ul bglgr sir tu ^rgjisgr R, y
istgy tml ifg`aglmog oi qui bmyms oi`aoaog ifpriloir isti vamki `glfahg. Em `emsi mbgrm istí il
sisaðl. Q mquæ istí em fikgr pmrti3 Pu taifpg lg pgoræm sir fikgr.
 
 

^GT ]YÁ IE _APFG IL _ITP

MBGTM

@rig jarfifilti qui tgogs tilifgs supirpgoiris al`riædeis qui ispirml sir oispirtmogs. Lg istgy
bmdemlog oi em `mpm`aomo oi vgemr, `rimr ulm mrfmourm rivistaom oi bairrg g oaspmrmr rmygs eísir oisoi
egs gkgs, salg oi bmdaeaomois prí`ta`ms oi em vaom rime `gfg vgemr m trmvás oi eadrgs, fifgram vistaom oi
bairrg, iljgqui eísir, `rimtavaomo aeafatmom, pilsmfailtg `emrg, mtil`aðl peilm , m`tatuo filtme supiragr y
fís. _gogs sgfgs supirbárgis oi ulm jgrfm u gtrm.

Msæ `gfg tgogs egs supirbárgis tailil pgoiris, tmfdaál tailil mr`bailifahgs. Iltrm ie supirvaeemlg.
^ailsm il ie Kgcir pmrm Dmtfml, Eix Eutbgr pmrm Pupirfml. Is pgsadei qui egs vaeemlgs m egs qui lgs
iljriltmfgs lg si viml ahume qui il ems pieæ`uems, pirg sahuil sailog egs fmegs, egs qui ustio, `gfg
supirbárgi, li`isatm vil`ir y fmltilir m rmym. Egs supirvaeemlgs fgoirlgs si altirpglil il luistrg
`mfalg y lgs bm`il em vaom fís oajæ`ae, ivatmlog luistrg pgtil`ame. Lgs oitailil y lgs rgdml luistrm
prgou`tavaomo, prgspiraomo, pgsatavaomo y trmlquaeaomo. Q oipiloi oi lgsgtrgs ri`glg`iregs y oirrgtmregs.

Pa mehulm viz bms eiæog ul `ðfa` g bms vastg ulm pieæ`uem oi supirbárgis, smdis qui egs
supirvaeemlgs m filuog prgvailil oi euhmris pg`g prgdmdeis. _gfi Bmrviy Oilt, tmfdaál `glg`aog
`gfg _wg-Jm`i, pgr ikifpeg. @gfailzm `gl em fmygr oi ems altil`aglis; is ul jas`me qui myuom m
bm`ir `ufpear em eiy y il`mr`iem m egs fmegs, y is ul meamog oi Dmtfml. ^irg m trmvás oi ul m`tg oi
vilhmlzm, em `mrm oi Oilt istí fmr`mom, y si vuievi ilgkmog, mfmrhmog y vilhmtavg. Pi `glvairti il
eg qui bmdæm pmsmog tgom su vaom eu`bmlog; ul `rafalme ogdei qui kuihm `gl ie juturg oi sus væ`tafms.
Eg duilg il áe si vuievi ritgr`aog y si usm pmrm jalis salaistrgs.

Oie fasfg fgog, egs `umtrg supirvaeemlgs oie mpriloazmki `gfilzmrgl alg`iltis.
- istíl sailog meafiltmo
meafiltmogs
gs pgr mehulgs oi egs fmygris mvml`is qui em bufmlaomo bm
bi`bg il egs ûetafgs `ail mýgs. Eis oairgl grahil
 

ti`lgeghæm. ^mrm sir `emrgs, em ti`lgeghæm is ulm pmrti vatme oie prghrisg y is aeafatmom. Lgs pirfati
bm`ir tgog, oisoi `gli`tmrlgs `gl ie mpriloazmki, bm`ailog qui luistrms vaoms siml fu`bg fís
`glvilailtis. ^irg is pgsadei qui `glsufmfgs ti`lgeghæm oahatme m ul ratfg qui al`eusg sus
`rimogris il`gltrmræml ixtrifg. Hrml pmrti oi em ti`lgeghæm oaspgladei pmrm lgsgtrgs bgy is tml
luivm qui lg smdifgs ie lavie il ie qui li`isatmfgs `gltrgemr luistrm altirm``aðl `gl ieem. M trmvás

oi luistrm pemtmjgrfm iou`mtavm Cwac Eimrlalh, tilifgs istuoamltis il =19 pmæsis y bifgs hilirmog
oi`ilms oi faeeglis oi ois`mrhms oi pgo`msts. Luistrm `gfulaomo bm ixprismog ulm `ri`ailti
prig`upm`aðl pgr su oipiloil`am ix`isavm oi em ti`lgeghæm y vailil m lgsgtrgs pmrm fikgrmr sus
`iridrgs pmrm il`gltrmr meavag oi istgs "`umtrg kalitis" oi luistrm ápg`m; oaeuvag oahatme, oastrm``aðl
oahatme, oifil`am oahatme y oiou``aðl oahatme. Is afpgrtmlti tilir il `uiltm qui em sgdri`mrhm, em
oastrm``aðl, ie gevaog y ie pilsmfailtg prioitirfalmog bml ixastaog ourmlti sahegs. Pa dail em ti`lgeghæm
lg `musm istms `gloa`aglis, taili ul hrml pgtil`ame pmrm mfpeaja`mrems. Egs dilija`ags oi em irm oahatme
sgl mdulomltis, pirg i`bifgs ul vastmzg m `ðfg egs mvml`is ti`lgeðha`gs qui eg myuoml tmfdaál
puioil gdstm`ueazmreg.

Oaeuvag
oahatme
·_ailis oifmsamog pmrm prg`ismr pirg lg tailis suja`ailti taifpg7 _ilifgs ie pravaeihag oi vavar il ul
fulog `gl tmltg m``isg sal ristra``aglis m em aljgrfm`aðl. Il istm irm oi `gli`tavaomo, em ahlgrml`am is
ulm gp`aðl. Il `gfpmrm`aðl `gl ie saheg RZ, mbgrm `glsufafgs tmltgs omtgs il ul sgeg oæm `gfg ulm
pirsglm prgfioag oi egs mýgs =?>> bmdræm mdsgrdaog il tgom su vaom. Lg bm`i fu`bg taifpg, em
aljgrfm`aðl si fgvæm hem`amefilti oi dg`m il dg`m, il ul piraðoa`g g il ul dgeitæl pudea`mog il ulm
pemzm oi em `auomo. Mbgrm tilifgs tmltg m``isg m em aljgrfm`aðl qui istí mji`tmlog luistrg taifpg y
luistrm `meaomo oi vaom. Em pirsglm prgfioag `glsufi tris vi`is fís aljgrfm`aðl qui lgsgtrgs il em
oá`mom oi =1:>3 = ul aljgrfi oi 4>=9 aloa`ð qui egs il`uistmogs pmsmdml g`bg bgrms me oæm
`glsufailog fioags. Il ulm iltrivastm oi L^T, Liw
L^T, Liw Qgrc _afis Ie piragoastm oi ti`lgeghæm Fmtt
Ta`btie oakg qui oispuás oi 4> mýgs oi hegraja`mr em ti`lgeghæm `gfg sa tgog juirm duilg, ―`rig qui em
`ail`am istí `gfilzmlog m m`iptmr em aoim oi qui pmrti oi em ti`lgeghæm is _walcais y pmrti oi em
ti`lgeghæm sgl ems `geis oi Drusiems. Pa `glsufafgs oifmsamom ti`lgeghæm, me ahume qui sa `glsufafgs
oifmsamom `gfaom, puioi tilir iji`tgs lihmtavgs ‖. 4
 

Il ul istuoag oi em Ylavirsaomo oi @meajgrlam il Pml Jrml`as`g sgdri ie iji`tg oie taifpg oi alm`tavaomo, egs
alvistahmogris oairgl m ems rmtms ulm luivm ixpirail`am y faoairgl sus gloms `iridrmeis ourmlti y oispuás oi em
m`tavaomo. Il em fmygræm oi egs `msgs, ulm luivm ixpirail`am ixprismrí ulm luivm m`tavaomo liurglme y luivms
liurglms il ie `iridrg.
- is oi`ar, sa si ei pirfati m em rmtm tilir taifpg oi alm`tavaomo. @gl ie taifpg oi alm`tavaomo, ems liurglms si

mdrairgl pmsg oisoi em puirtm oi iltrmom oi em fifgram me ristg oie `iridrg, ogloi si mefm`ilm em fifgram m
emrhg pemzg. Ems rmtms puoairgl hrmdmr ri`uirogs oi sus ixpirail`ams, qui is em dmsi pmrm ie mpriloazmki. 0

·Lg ti bm`i prihultmrti quá pmsm sa lg eg bmhms tilir taifpg oi alm`tavaomo7 @mom viz bmy
fís pruidms qui suhairil qui sa lul`m oikmfgs qui luistrm filti oavmhui g si mdurrm pgr
ul fgfiltg, pmhmfgs ul pri`ag; fmem fifgram, laidem filtme y jmtahm.

Qm m fioamogs oi em oá`mom oi =11> (`umlog ie oaeuvag oahatme irm ulm jrm``aðl oi em prig`upm`aðl qui
is mbgrm), em alvistahm`aðl `gfilzmdm m fgstrmr qui ixastæml raishgs rimeis
r imeis pmrm em smeuo me lmvihmr pgr
ul fulog saifpri m`tavg. Yl istuoag oi Tiutirs, tatuemog gfalgsmfilti "Fgrar pgr aljgrfm`aðl", fgstrð

qui, "Ogs oi `mom tris il`uistmogs msg`amrgl em sgdri`mrhm oi aljgrfm`aðl `gl em tilsaðl `gl egs `geihms
y em pároaom oi smtasjm``aðl emdgrme3 Ie ?4 pgr `ailtg mtraduyð em fmem smeuo m isti istrás, ie := pgr `ailtg
oakg qui tailil qui `ml`iemr ems m`tavaomois sg`ameis `gfg risuetmog oi em sgdri`mrhm
s gdri`mrhm oi aljgrfm`aðl y ie
:> pgr `ailtg qui `gl jri`uil`am istíl oifmsamog `mlsmogs pmrm ems m`tavaomois oi g`ag ". Ie istuoag
`gltalûm y mhrihm; "Mlti ulm mvmeml`bm oi aljgrfm`aðl y `mlmeis oi aljgrfm`aðl, si bml vuietg al`mpm`is
oi oismrrgeemr rutalms safpeis pmrm mofalastrmr em aljgrfm`aðl".  ? ?

Moifís, tmfdaál tilifgs qui eaoamr `gl ie bi`bg oi qui em vaom fioam oi em aljgrfm`aðl
bm oasfaluaog. Em vaom fioam oi em aljgrfm`aðl is em `mltaomo oi taifpg qui pmsm mltis oi
qui ism aljgrfm`aðl sim riifpemzmom pgr aljgrfm`aðl fís luivm g fís pri`asm. ^uiois
istuoamr m tu hustg3 em aljgrfm`aðl qui prg`isi mbgrm quiomrí oism`tumeazmom mltis oi eg qui
`rii. Egs "bi`bgs" is`ratgs il mrtæ`uegs, eadrgs y og`ufiltmeis si dmsml il pruidms sðeaoms y
si m`iptml `gfg viromo. ^irg euihg si alvairtil pgr `gfpeitg `umlog smei ul luivg istuoag.

Lg li`isatg oi`arti `uíl `gfpeitmfilti alulomog istí `mom ulg oi lgsgtrgs `gl oitmeeis
oahatmeis. Al`eusg `umlog altiltmfgs smear oi em rio, em aljgrfm`aðl oahatme lgs il`uiltrm oi mehulm
fmlirm. Failtrms is`radg istg, mpmhuá tgogs fas oaspgsatavgs. ^irg li`isatg tilir m``isg m Altir
Altirlit
lit
pmrm jalis oi alvistahm`aðl, y ul
 

Yl puýmog oi lgtaja`m`aglis y m`tumeazm`aglis meimtgrams tgomvæm mpmri`airgl il fa `gfputmogrm (sæ,

sá qui tmfdaál puiog oism`tavmrems, pirg iltailois fa pultg). Il 
Il@
  mpætueg =4 (Istuoamr y @mpætueg
=? (Ei`turm rípaom), ois`udrarí jgrfms prí`ta`ms oi pglirsi me oæm, fmltilirsi me oæm y moiemltmrsi
me oaeuvag oahatme oi aljgrfm`aðl qui oidi prg`ismr `mom oæm.

CXAC P_MT_ 

_ðfisi ul fgfiltg y prghrmfi 0> falutgs oi ispm`ag il deml`g il su `meilomrag pmrm

istm sifmlm. Isti is ul taifpg pmrm pmsmr eikgs oi em ti`lgeghæm, taifpg oioa`mog m
oispikmr em filti, riemkmrsi y sir `rimtavg.

OAHA_ME
OAP_TM@@AÐL
Mltis oi egs oaspgsatavgs fðvaeis, oi`æmfgs "drd" (vgevirifgs) tgog ie taifpg `umlog istídmfgs il eælim. Qm
lg eg oi`afgs. Qm lg lgs vmfgs. Zavafgs mquæ mbgrm. Oidaog m luistrgs oaspgsatavgs saifpri `gli`tmogs y
saifpri `gli`tmogs, istmfgs eu`bmlog pgr il`gltrmr em `glixaðl `umlog istmfgs `gl mfahgs y jmfaeamris, y
istmfgs eu`bmlog pgr fmltilirlgs iljg`mogs il ie trmdmkg. Em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs eaoamfgs `gl mehûl tapg
oi satum`aðl oi vaom emdgrme il em qui lg lgs siltafgs `ðfgogs rilul`amlog m em `glixaðl oahatme ourmlti
emrhgs pirægogs oi taifpg tgogs egs oæms. ^gr eg tmltg, lgs fmltilifgs il em pmrraeem pgr tifgr m qui sa lg
puoaármfgs me`mlzmrlgs, piroiræmfgs. Ie prgdeifm is qui istmfgs `gli`tmogs pmrm oasjrutmreg. @mom hgepi
su`isavg oi ogpmfalm qui gdtilifgs oi egs hustgs qui ri`adafgs il ems riois sg`ameis, g oi egs filsmkis oi
tixtg qui ri`adafgs oi luistrgs siris quiraogs g mfahgs, sgeg rijuirzm luistrg `gfpgrtmfailtg. ^irg isms
ri`gfpilsms istíl `mfdamlog luistrgs `iridrgs. Il euhmr oi riemkmrlgs il ie taifpg oi alm`tavaomo qui
pgoræmfgs ixpirafiltmr me ispirmr il em jaem, ispirmr ul mutgdûs g ulm `atm, it`., sm`mfgs luistrgs tieájglgs y
iltrilmfgs luistrgs fûs`uegs oi oastrm``aðl. ·]uá su`ioi `umlog istm is luistrm jgrfm `glstmlti oi sir,
`umlog `mom fgfiltg suietg istí eeilg oi istæfuegs draeemltis7

Fmltilirsi `gli`tmog puioi bm`irlgs siltar fís sihurgs, pirg lg lgs bm`i fís jiea`is. Tyml
Owyir, FM, oi em Ylavirsaomo oi @geufdam Dratíla`m, oarahað ul istuoag qui fgstrð `ðfg luistrgs bídatgs
oahatmeis istíl mji`tmlog luistrms riem`aglis. Il ul ixpirafiltg, si paoað m fís oi 0>> mouetgs y
istuoamltis ulavirsatmrags qui fmltuvairml sus tieájglgs sgdri em fism, oi jí`ae m``isg, failtrms qui
gtrgs juirgl
 

^aoað humromregs il saeil`ag y humromregs il ul ri`apailti sgdri em fism ourmlti ulm `gfaom.
^gstiragrfilti,
^gstiragrfilt i, si eis paoað m egs pmrta`apmltis qui rispgloairml m ul `uistaglmrag qui eis
prihultmdm sgdri sus siltafailtgs oi `glixaðl, oasjruti, oastrm``aðl
oastrm``aðl y mdurrafailtg.

Em il`uistm tmfdaál eis paoað qui oitmeemrml em `mltaomo oi taifpg qui pmsmrgl il su tieájglg
ourmlti em `gfaom. Mquieegs `uygs tieájglgs irml m``isadeis egs usmdml `gl fís jri`uil`am. . . y si
ois`radairgl m sæ fasfgs `gfg saltaálogsi fís oastrmæogs. _mfdaál oasjrutmrgl filgs oi em `ilm qui egs
`gfilsmeis qui lg tilæml m``isg m sus tieájglgs. "Em ti`lgeghæm fgoirlm puioi sir fmrmvaeegsm, pirg
puioi oisvamrlgs jí`aefilti y meikmrlgs oi egs fgfiltgs ispi`ameis qui tilifgs `gl mfahgs y
jmfaeamris il pirsglm", oa`i Owyir sgdri ie istuoag. 9 9

Msæ `gfg pg`gs oi lgsgtrgs bifgs mpriloaog m mpriloir, lg fu`bgs smdil `ðfg prg`ismr y jaetrmr em
hrml `mltaomo oi aljgrfm`aðl qui vifgs `glstmltifilti.
`glstmltifilti. Pafpeifilti bm`ifgs fûetapeis tmrims pmrm
gdtilir tgog, y istg lg lgs sarvi dail. "^ioarei me `iridrg qui oispem`i em mtil`aðl oi ulm m`tavaomo m
gtrm bm`i qui em `grtizm prijrgltme y ie `uirpg istramog quifil heu`gsm gxahilmom, ie fasfg `gfdust
`gfdustadei
adei

qui li`isatml pmrm fmltilirsi `gl`iltrmogs", siýmem ie liurg`ailtæja`g Omlaie K. Eivatal il su eadrg. Em
eadrg. Em
filti grhmlazmom; pilsmr oari`tmfilti il em irm oi em sgdri`mrhm oi aljgrfm`aðl. 
aljgrfm`aðl.―  Q ie tapg oi `mfdag
rípaog y `gltalug qui bm`ifgs `gl em fuetatmrim bm`i qui ie `iridrg si quifi `gl ie `gfdustadei tml
rípaog qui lgs siltafgs mhgtmogs y oisgrailtmogs, al`eusg oispuás oi ul `grtg taifpg. Eatirmefilti
bifgs mhgtmog egs lutrailtis il luistrg `iridrg. Istg eeivm m `gfprgfasgs il ie riloafailtg `ghlatavg y
jæsa`g ". : :

Oisoi lgtaja`m`aglis oi mpea`m`aglis bmstm meirtms oi filsmkis, lg sgeg egs mouetgs si g`upml oi
istg. @gl em oaspgladaeaomo oi em ti`lgeghæm y em prisaðl sg`ame pmrm istmr il eælim y m`tavgs il ems riois
sg`ameis, egs laýgs y mogeis`iltis tmfdaál ixpirafiltml
ixpirafiltml em oastrm``aðl `glstmlti. Il 
Il@
  mpætueg == (Iljgqui),
ois`udrarí ems `emvis pmrm em `gl`iltrm`aðl sgstilaom y ie oismrrgeeg oie iljgqui pmrm mpriloir y bm`ir
ems `gsms.

CXAC P_MT_ 

* * g m em `gljahurm`aðl oi lgtaja`m`aglis oi su tieájglg y mpmhui tgogs egs palhs y oalhs

alli`ismrags y qui oastrmil. Bm`ireg mbgrm.
 

OIFIL@AM
OAHA_ME
·@uílog jui em ûetafm viz qui tuvasti qui ri`gromr ie lûfirg oi tieájglg oi mehuail7 Istgy smeailog
`glfahg fasfg, pirg sgy pmrti oi ulm hilirm`aðl qui, `umlog quiræms eemfmr m tu mfahg pgr em fmlzmlm,
li`isatmdms smdir
li`isatmdms smdir su lûfirg ·_gomvæm puiois ri`gromr mehulgs oi egs lûfirgs oi tus fikgris mfahgs
oi em aljml`am7 ·]uá pmsm `gl ie lûfirg oi em pirsglm `gl em qui bmdem g ilvæm filsmkis oi tixtg tgogs
egs oæms7 Qm lg tailis qui bm`ireg, pgrqui tu fðvae eg ri`uirom pgr ta. Istg lg quairi oi`ar qui mehuail
quairm g oidm fifgrazmr 4>> lûfirgs oi tieájglg, pirg `msa bifgs piroaog em `mpm`aomo
` mpm`aomo oi ri`gromr ulg
luivg, g ulm `glvirsm`aðl qui m`mdmfgs oi tilir, ie lgfdri oi ul luivg `eailti pgtil`ame g mehg
afpgrtmlti qui li`isatmfgs qui bm`ir.

Ie liurg`ailtæja`g Fmljrio Ppatzir usm ie tárfalg oifil`am oahatme Ois`radar `ðfg ie usg ix`isavg oi em
ti`lgeghæm oahatme om `gfg risuetmog ie `gempsg oi ems `mpm`aomois `ghlatavms. Mrhufiltm
Mrhufiltm qui ems rutms
oi fifgram m `grtg pemzg `gfilzmríl m oitiragrmrsi pgr em aljrmutaeazm`aðl sa usmfgs il ix`isg em
ti`lgeghæm. Is eg fasfg `gl
* * ^O. Fûomti m ulm luivm `auomo y farm quá tml rípaog ti vuievis oipiloailti oi * ^P pmrm oi`arti
`ðfg fgvirti. Euihg, gdsirvi `uíltg taifpg ei eeivm trmzmr luivgs `mfalgs il su filti,
prgdmdeifilti fu`bg fís taifpg qui `umlog irm fís kgvil, pirg lg pgrqui su `iridrg lg istá
jul`aglmlog tml dail. @gl birrmfailtms `gfg
* *^O; lg ei omfgs m luistrms filtis em gpgrtulaomo oi trmdmkmr. @gljamfgs il em ti`lgeghæm pmrm bm`ir em
fifgrazm`aðl pgr lgsgtrgs.
Istm oipiloil`am puioi istmr omýmlog luistrm fifgram m emrhg pemzg. Fmram Xafdir, oi em
Ylavirsaomo oi Darfalhbmf, ei oakg m em DD@ qui em tiloil`am oi dus`mr aljgrfm`aðl afpaoi em
m`ufuem`aðl oi ri`uirogs m emrhg pemzg. Il ul istuoag qui ixmfalð egs bídatgs oi fifgram oi :,>>>
mouetgs il ie Tialg Ylaog,
Y laog, Jrml`am, Meifmlam, Atmeam, Ispmým, Dáeha`m, egs ^mæsis Dmkgs y Euxifdurhg,
Xafdir y su iquapg ois`udrairgl qui fís oi ul tir`ag oi egs il`uistmogs ri`urrairgl prafirg m su
`gfputmogrm pmrm ri`upirmr em aljgrfm`aðl. Ie Tialg Ylaog g`upð ie prafir euhmr; fís oi em fatmo oi egs
pmrta`apmltis dus`mrgl il eælim prafirg sal trmtmr oi il`gltrmr em rispuistm ieegs fasfgs.  8 8

·^gr quá is istg ul hrml prgdeifm7 ^grqui oa`bm aljgrfm`aðl alstmltílim puioi sir jí`ae i
alfioamtmfilti gevaomom. "Luistrg `iridrg pmri`i jgrtmei`ir ul ri`uirog `mom viz qui eg
ri`gromfgs, y me fasfg taifpg
ta ifpg gevaomfgs ri`uirogs arrieivmltis qui lgs oastrmil", oakg ie Or.
Xafdir. Gdeahmrsi m ri`gromr aljgrfm`aðl il euhmr oi oipiloir oi ulm juilti ixtirlm pmrm
prgpgr`aglmrem is ulm jgrfm oi `rimr y jgrtmei`ir ulm fifgram pirfmlilti. @umlog ustio
 

`gltrmsti qui `gl em rimeaomo oi qui em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs tilifgs em `gstufdri oi dus`mr `glstmltifilti
aljgrfm`aðl, tme viz al`eusg em fasfm aljgrfm`aðl, sal fgeistmrlgs il trmtmr oi ri`gromrem, pmri`i qui lgs
istmfgs bm`ailog omýg m lgsgtrgs fasfgs. ·@gljamr il em ti`lgeghæm saifpri is fmeg7 Fu`bgs
alvistahmogris lg istíl oi m`uirog. Ie mrhufiltg is qui me ixtirlmeazmr mehulms tmrims sirvaeis `gfg
fifgrazmr lûfirgs oi tieájglg g bm`ir `íe`uegs dísa`gs u gdtilir alstru``aglis pmrm eeihmr m ul ristmurmlti

qui bifgs vasatmog mltis, istmfgs mbgrrmlog ispm`ag il ie `iridrg pmrm mehg qui lgs afpgrtm fís. Bmy
alvistahm`aglis qui oa`il qui luistrgs `iridrgs sgl fís `gfg ul fûs`ueg, il euhmr oi ul oas`g ourg qui si
eeilm. ]ui `umltg fís eg usi, fís juirti si vuievi y fís puioi mefm`ilmr. Em prihultm is; ·Istmfgs
tgfmlog isms oi`asaglis `gls`ailtifilti, g istmfgs m`tumlog pgr bídatg al`gls`ailti7 @gl oifmsamom
jri`uil`am, sud`gltrmtmfgs luistrgs `iridrgs m luistrgs oaspgsatavgs altieahiltis, y luistrgs oaspgsatavgs
altieahiltis lgs istíl vgevailog ul pg`g istûpaogs. Luistrgs `iridrgs sgl ems ûetafms fíqualms oi
momptm`aðl, `mpm`is oi lavieis mpmriltifilti aljalatgs oi ivgeu`aðl. Q, sal ifdmrhg, m filuog lgs
gevaomfgs oi omrei ie ikir`a`ag qui li`isatm. Msæ `gfg bmy ul pri`ag jæsa`g pgr `gljamr saifpri il em ti`lgeghæm
oie ieivmogr il euhmr oi sudar ems is`meirms, tmfdaál bmy ul pri`ag pgr egs fûs`uegs filtmeis pirizgsgs.
Ûsmeg g pairoieg. Il 
Il@
  mpætueg =0 (Fifgram), ti fgstrmrá birrmfailtms y tá`la`ms safpeis pmrm ri`gromr

`umequair `gsm, oisoi lgfdris y oas`ursgs bmstm aoagfms, oi fmlirm fís rípaom y jí`ae.

CXAC P_MT_ 

_ðfisi ul falutg pmrm ikir`atmr su fifgram; fifgra`i ie lûfirg oi tieájglg oi mehuail `gl
quail si `gfula`m rihuemrfilti.

OIOY@@AGL
OAHA_ME
―Il ul fulog oahatme prafirg, ogloi egs faeeillames gdtailil tgoms sus rispuistms m egs prgdeifms `gl
ie `ea` oi ul fgusi g me oiseazmr ul oiog, em oipiloil`am oi em ti`lgeghæm pmrm risgevir `mom prihultm
`gljuloi em pir`ip`aðl oi ems pirsglms sgdri su prgpag `glg`afailtg i altieahil`am. Q ism `gljamlzm
dail puioi @glou`ar m
ix`isg oi `gljamlzm y fmem tgfm oi oi`asaglis ", oa`i Tgly [mrgf, julomogr oi em pemtmjgrfm oi
`gemdgrm`aðl oi vaoig liwrgw. 2 Em uda`uaomo oi em aljgrfm`aðl.
 

sgdri tgog tmfdaál sahlaja`m qui bmy ulm uda`uaomo oi gpalaðl sgdri tgog. Pa oisim smdir `ðfg
siltarsi `gl rispi`tg m ul tifm `mloilti, safpeifilti puioi `gli`tmrsi y `gtikmr ems gpalaglis oi
egs oifís. Pa oisim `glg`ir ems afpea`m`aglis oi ul iviltg g ulm tiloil`am, ulm dûsquiom rípaom
il eælim prgpgr`aglmrí ulm `mltaomo aljalatm oi mlíeasas. Ie risuetmog is qui em oiou``aðl, ulm
mfmehmfm oi pilsmfailtg `ræta`g, risgeu`aðl oi prgdeifms y `rimtavaomo qui is ulm bmdaeaomo

isil`ame pmrm sir aeafatmog, si istí mutgfmtazmlog.

mutgfmtazmlog.

Bmy ulm `airtm `mltaomo oi vmegr il istg, pgr supuistg. Mltis oi Altirlit, tilæmfgs m``isg eafatmog
m ems gpalaglis oi egs oifís. Il ul fulog aoime, sir `mpmz oi gdtilir tmltms pirspi`tavms sgdri ul
tifm `gfg sim pgsadei siræm ilgrfifilti vmeagsg pmrm myuomrlgs m jgrfmr luistrms prgpams gpalaglis.
Oismjgrtulmomfilti, rmrm viz is msæ il ie fulog rime. Il `mfdag, tiloifgs m aoiltaja`mr ul puýmog oi
juiltis `gl ems qui lgs mealimfgs y euihg eis omfgs ulm aljeuil`am ixtrifm sgdri luistrg
pilsmfailtg y em tgfm oi oi`asaglis. Il ie prg`isg, egs "fûs`uegs" qui usmfgs pmrm pilsmr
`ræta`mfilti y rmzglmr iji`tavmfilti si istíl mtrgjamlog. Istmfgs oikmlog qui em ti`lgeghæm bmhm em
oiou``aðl pgr lgsgtrgs. Q sa em ti`lgeghæm istí jgrfmlog luistrms oiou``aglis, iltgl`is tmfdaál

istmfgs `ioailog hrml pmrti oi luistrm `mpm`aomo oi risgeu`aðl oi prgdeifms, mehg tml afpgrtmlti y
mehg qui oas`utarifgs fís moiemlti il isti eadrg.

Ie psa`ðeghg Kaf _myegr oijali ie pilsmfailtg `gfg, ―Em `mpm`aomo oi rijeixaglmr, rmzglmr y
sm`mr `gl`eusaglis dmsmoms il luistrms ixpirail`ams, `glg`afailtgs i aoims. Is eg qui lgs bm`i
bufmlgs y lgs bm pirfataog `gfula`mrlgs, `rimr, `glstruar, mvmlzmr y sir `avaeazmogs ‖. Euihg,
movairti qui ixasti "ul `ri`ailti `uirpg oi alvistahm`aðl oi qui em ti`lgeghæm puioi sir
dilija`agsm y pirkuoa`ame pmrm ems oajiriltis jgrfms il qui egs laýgs pailsml".  1 1

^mtra`am Fmrcs * riiljaieo, oastalhuaom prgjisgrm oi psa`geghæm il em Y@EM, bm istuoamog isti tifm ourmlti fís
oi ulm oá`mom. Me mlmeazmr ie afpm`tg il em iou`m`aðl, is`radað; ―·@uíe is ie iji`tg il ie mpriloazmki sa egs
istuoamltis ulavirsatmrags usml sus `gfputmogrms pgrtítaeis pmrm m``ioir m Altirlit ourmlti ulm `gljiril`am il ie
muem7 Istg si prgdð il ulm `emsi oi istuoags oi `gfula`m`aðl il em qui hilirmefilti si mlafmdm m egs istuoamltis
m usmr sus `gfputmogrms pgrtítaeis ourmlti ems `emsis, pmrm ixpegrmr egs tifms oi ems `emsis `gl fmygr oitmeei il
Altirlit y il ems dmsis oi omtgs oi em dadeagti`m. M em fatmo oi egs istuoamltis si eis pirfatað fmltilir sus
`gfputmogrms pgrtítaeis mdairtms, failtrms qui em gtrm fatmo (msahlmom me mzmr) tuvg qui `irrmr sus `gfputmogrms
pgrtítaeis. Egs istuoamltis il em `gloa`aðl oi `gfputmogrm pgrtítae `irrmom ri`gromrgl sahlaja`mtavmfilti fís
fmtirame il ulm pruidm sgrprism oispuás oi `emsi qui egs istuoamltis il em `gloa`aðl oi `gfputmogrm pgrtítae
mdairtm ". => ^grqui istmdml alvgeu`rmlog sus filtis il em `gljiril`am fís dail
 

qui dus`mr eg qui Altirlit ym pilsmdm sgdri ie tifm, rispgloairgl fu`bg fikgr
`umlog eeihð ie fgfiltg oi rmzglmr pgr sæ fasfgs.
* * Tiiljaieo mlmeazð gtrg istuoag qui fgstrð qui egs istuoamltis ulavirsatmrags qui vairgl ul prghrmfm
oi lgta`ams sal mrrmstrmrsi il em pmrti aljiragr oi em pmltmeem ri`gromrgl sahlaja`mtavmfilti fís oi eg
qui egs prisiltmogris istmdml oas`utailog. Ie ormfmturhg Ta`bmro Jgrifml tifi qui istm

oipiloil`am oi Altirlit pmrm bm`ir hrml pmrti oi luistrg pilsmfailtg lgs istá `mfdamlog m lgsgtrgs
fasfgs. ―Zilhg oi ulm trmoa`aðl oi em `ueturm g``aoiltme, il em qui ie aoime (fa aoime) irm em istru`turm
`gfpeikm, oilsm y 'tapg `mtiorme' oi em pirsglmeaomo metmfilti iou`mom y mrta`uemom; ul bgfdri g ulm
fukir qui eeivmdml oiltrg oi sæ fasfgs ulm `glstru``aðl pirsglme y Zirsaðl ûla`m oi tgog ie
pmtrafglag oi G``aoilti. . . . ^irg bgy vig oiltrg oi tgogs lgsgtrgs (al`euaog yg fasfg) ie riifpemzg
oi em oilsaomo altirlm `gfpeikm `gl ul luivg tapg oi mutgivgeu`aðl dmkg em prisaðl oi em sgdri`mrhm
oi aljgrfm`aðl y em ti`lgeghæm oi 'oaspgladei alstmltílimfilti' ‖.  ==

·Ti`uiroms `ðfg irm `umlog ti m`ir`mdms m tu mogeis`il`am y `gfilzmsti m jgrfuemr

pilsmfailtgs y gpalaglis aloipiloailtifilti oi tus pmoris7 Pupglhg qui istm ixpirail`am jui
ixtrifmomfilti eadirmogrm pmrm ustio y qui al`eusg pgoræm bmdir saog em prafirm viz il su vaom
`umlog rimefilti si saltað `gfg su prgpam pirsglm. Eg qui ti bmdæm su`ioaog, pgr supuistg, irm
qui tus jm`uetmois `ræta`ms si bmdæml rijalmog eg suja`ailti `gfg pmrm pirfatarti ifpeimr
rihuemrfilti rmzglis pmrm lmvihmr pgr em vaom.

·^gr quá, iltgl`is, quirræms `glvirtar istm bmdaeaomo eadirmogrm il ul oaspgsatavg7

^aálsieg; ·`ðfg si sailti `umlog mehuail trmtm oi afpglirei su pilsmfailtg7 Pa ul jmfaeamr,
mfahg g `geihm si ei m`ir`m y ei oa`i; ―Lg pailsis il istg3 mquæ istí tu gpalaðl ", trmtmræms oi
meikmrti oi ism pirsglm tml prgltg `gfg sim pgsadei. Pal ifdmrhg, `umlog dus`mfgs
alfioamtmfilti Altirlit pmrm prgpgr`aglmrlgs aljgrfm`aðl, isil`amefilti istmfgs alvatmlog
m eg fasfg. Il 
Il @mpætueg =9  , Ei prgpgr`aglmrá ul pgoirgsg `glkultg oi birrmfailtms qui ei
pirfataríl pgtil`amr su pilsmfailtg y ixpmloar su pirspi`tavm sgdri `umequair tifm g
prgdeifm.

Pa dail istgs `umtrg kalitis sgl `gl egs qui tilifgs qui eaoamr fís vg`ajirmlti
vg`ajirmltifilti,
filti, bmy gtrg
pieahrg oahatme qui firi`i luistrm mtil`aðl. Qg eemfg m istg oiprisaðl
istg oiprisaðl oahatme, Yl risuetmog oi em
`ueturm oi `gfpmrm`aðl qui surhi `umlog oikmfgs qui egs `mrritis oistm`mogs oi ems riois
sg`ameis oi gtrgs lgs bmhml pir`adarlgs m lgsgtrgs fasfgs `gfg filgs. Mbgrm oasjrutg oi ems riois

sg`ameis. yg
 

Fi il`mltm istmr `gli`tmog `gl luistrm `gfulaomo oi istuoamltis y gyiltis oi pgo`mst y

istmr me oæm `gl em vaom `gtaoamlm oi fa jmfaeam y mfahgs. Eg mpri`ag tmltg `gfg lg sgeg ulm
juilti oi iltritilafailtg, salg tmfdaál iou`m`aðl y ifpgoirmfailtg. ^irg sgeg ri`gfailog
usmreg `gls`ailtifilti, lg sal pilsmr pgr `gstufdri, y oi fmlirm mrfglagsm pmrm qui lg
mji`ti su prgou`tavaomo y trmlquaeaomo. Il ie prðxafg
prðxafg  ^mrti AA ;  Filtmeaomo aeafatmom, `gfpmrtg
aoims pmrm fatahmr istgs siltafailtgs oi lg sir suja`ailti, msæ `gfg ie faiog m virsi fme g
piroirsi. Isgs sgl egs fasfgs eæfatis qui si altirpglil il ie `mfalg oie `ri`afailtg pirsglme
Il ^mrti AAA ;  Fgtavm`aðl aeafatmom, ti fgstrmrá `ðfg mhrihmr, rgfpir g `mfdamr
y ie mpriloazmki. Il 
istgs bídatgs.

CXAC P_MT_ 

^ailsm il ulm oi`asaðl qui oidis tgfmr. ^rghrmfi ul taifpg pmrm trmdmkmr il ism
oi`asaðl sal ie usg oi lalhûl oaspgsatavg oahatme.

FML_ILIT EGP ZAEEMLGP IL DMQ

Il ie vamki oie bárgi, egs bárgis li`isatml vaeemlgs tmltg `gfg egse gs vaeemlgs li`isatml bárgis. Egs
oismjægs oi ems pruidms y egs ravmeis lgs bm`il `ri`ir y fikgrmr. Ie pgoir y em juirzm oie vaeemlg
oitirfalm ie pgoir y em juirzm li`ismrags oie bárgi. Pa ie vaeemlg juirm oádae, lg bmdræm lmom qui
vil`ir, y lg siræm li`ismrag qui ie bárgi me`mlzmrm em hrmloizm. Il fa iltrivastm oi pgo`mst `gl
Pafgl Palic, mutgr oi Ie
oi Ie kuihg aljalatg P
  afgl si rijairi m luistrgs "ravmeis oahlgs", mquieegs qui
myuoml m siýmemr ems oidaeaomois pirsglmeis qui oidifgs mdgromr. Mbæ is ogloi istí tu
gpgrtulaomo. @gfg fil`aglá, fi il`mltm ie emog eahirg oi em ti`lgeghæm; `ðfg puioi `gli`tmrlgs,
iou`mrlgs y ifpgoirmrlgs, bm`irlgs em vaom fís jí`ae. Eg qui m`mdmfgs oi ois`radar sgl mehulgs
al`glvilailtis pgtil`ameis oi em ti`lgeghæm, qui is ulm pmrti albirilti oi tgog ie dail qui mpgrtm
m luistrms vaoms. @gfg ie juihg, em ti`lgeghæm bm `mfdamog ie `ursg oi em bastgram bufmlm. Pal
ifdmrhg, ie juihg puioi `g`almr su `gfaom g quifmr su bghmr, tgog oipiloi oi `ðfg eg usi.
@gfg `umequair birrmfailtm, em ti`lgeghæm il sæ fasfm lg is duilm la fmem, pirg oidifgs
`gls`ailtifilti
 

`gltrgem `ðfg si usm. Pa lg eg bm`ifgs, ·quaál si `glvairti il em birrmfailtm7 Oipiloi oi ustio ieihar
`ðfg pmrta`apmr.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·@uíe oi egs `umtrg vaeemlgs oahatmeis `riis qui m`tumefilti istí altirrufpailog fís tu
riloafailtg, prgou`tavaomo y trmlquaeaomo7 _ðfisi ul fgfiltg y is`radm ie lgfdri oi isti
vaeemlg. Em `gl`ail`am `gls`ailti is em prafirm pmrti pmrm risgevir ul prgdeifm.
 
 

_Y EÆFA_I
PPDTMAL 

^uiois istmr pilsmlog Kaf, vig m quá ti rijairis `gl ti`lgeghæm. Lg quasairm vavar sal
áe, pirg fi sailtg fís sgdri`mrhmog, oastrmæog y gevaomoazg qui lul`m. 
lul`m.  Mquæ istíl ems
duilms lgta`ams; lm`asti `gl em ûetafm ti`lgeghæm, em fmygr supirpgtil`am.

_gfifgs ul fgfiltg pmrm ri`glg`ir `uíl ixtrmgroalmrag is su `iridrg. Hilirm bmstm 8>,>>>
pilsmfailtgs pgr oæm. @grri `gl em vieg`aomo oie `g`bi oi `mrrirms fís rípaog. Me ahume qui sus
buieems oahatmeis, is ix`eusavmfilti suyg; lg bmy ogs `iridrgs il ie ulavirsg ixm`tmfilti ahumeis.
^rg`ism ormfíta`mfilti fís rípaog qui `umequair `gfputmogrm ixastilti, y taili ulm `mpm`aomo oi
mefm`ilmfailtg prí`ta`mfilti
prí`ta`mfilti aljalatm. Al`eusg `umlog istí omýmog, is `mpmz oi prgou`ar hilag, i
al`eusg sa sgeg taili fioag `iridrg, mûl puioi sir ul sir bufmlg `gfpeitmfilti jul`aglme. Q
mduloml ems bastgrams lgtmdeis me rispi`tg. @gfg ie oie pm`ailti `gfmtgsg qui oi mehulm fmlirm
oismrrgeeð ul fátgog oi `gfula`m`aðl `gl su fáoa`g. G em fukir qui pgoæm ri`gromr iviltgs
afpgrtmltis. pgr
afpgrtmltis. pgr ji`bm ritrg`ioailog bmstm `umlog tilæm =4 mýgs. G ie vmhg qui si `glvartað il ul
hilag fmtifíta`g oispuás oi sujrar ulm `glfg`aðl `iridrme ourmlti ulm pieim oi dmr. Lmom oi istg
is `ail`am ja``aðl g prgou`tg oi ul `ðfa` oi supirbárgis. Pgl sgeg ikifpegs oi em ixtrmgroalmram
jul`aðl altihrmom il ism lgtmdei fíqualm iltri tus gæogs.

_gfmfgs hrml pmrti oi ism jul`aðl pgr siltmog. ^ilsifgs il eg qui em pirsglm prgfioag
bm eghrmog safpeifilti pgr sir ulm pirsglm "prgfioag". M em iomo oi ul mýg, mpriloað m
`mfalmr, lg is ulm tmrim safpei `glsaoirmlog `uíltgs prg`isgs liurgeðha`gs y jasageðha`gs
`gfpeikgs si riquairil. Mprgxafmomfilti ul mýg oispuás oi isg, mpriloasti m `gfula`mrti
fioamlti ie usg oi pmemdrms y eilhumki. Mpriloasti og`ilms oi pmemdrms luivms
 

y sus sahlaja`mogs m oamrag y eg sahuairgl bm`ailog ourmlti tgom em is`uiem. Q failtrms

mpriloæms m `gfula`mrti, tmfdaál mpriloæms m rmzglmr, `me`uemr y mlmeazmr ul saljæl oi
`gl`iptgs `gfpeikgs, ¡y tgog isg jui mltis oi eiir ulm sgem píhalm oi ul eadrg g msastar
m ulm `emsi!

Luistrgs `iridrgs sgl eg qui lgs sipmrm oie ristg oie rialg mlafme. ^aálsmeg. Lg pgoifgs vgemr, lg
sgfgs pmrta`uemrfilti
pmrta`uemrfilti juirtis g rípaogs, lg pgoifgs is`memr `gl em oistrizm oi mehulgs mlafmeis, lg
pgoifgs risparmr dmkg ie mhum. Il eg qui rispi`tm m em fmygræm oi ems jul`aglis jæsa`ms, sgfgs
safpeifilti prgfioag. ^irg oidaog me pgoir oi luistrgs `iridrgs, sgfgs mdrufmog
mdrufmogrmfilti
rmfilti ems ispi`ais
fís ogfalmltis oi em _airrm. Me mprgvi`bmr isi al`riædei pgoir filtme, bifgs `rimog jgrfms oi ixpegrmr
ems prgjuloaomois oie g`ámlg `gfg ul piz, fgvir tgliemoms oi pisg `gfg ul ieijmlti i al`eusg vgemr
`gfg ul píkmrg. Pæ, ie `iridrg is tgog ul rihmeg. Ie `iridrg is tml `gfpeikg qui smdifgs fís sgdri
luistrg vmstg ulavirsg qui sgdri su jul`aglmfailtg, y il em ûetafm oá`mom bifgs mpriloaog fís oi eg
qui mpriloafgs mltiragrfilti
mltiragrfilti il ie trmls`ursg oi em bastgram bufmlm. . . y mpriloirifgs mûl fís me
rispi`tg oisoi ie fgfiltg il qui isti eadrg si afprafi bmstm ie fgfiltg il qui eeihm m ems istmltiræms
istmltiræms..

Luistrm `gfprilsaðl oie `iridrg istí il `glstmlti ivgeu`aðl, y smdifgs qui eg qui bifgs mpriloaog
sgdri áe is sgeg ulm piquiým jrm``aðl oi eg qui bmy qui mpriloir. ^irg eg qui ym smdifgs is
msgfdrgsg. Iltgl`is,
Iltgl`is, bmhmfgs ul vamki m trmvás oi su `iridrg aeafatmog.

Ie `iridrg is pmrti oie sastifm lirvagsg `iltrme (PL@). Pafaemr m em tgrri oi `gltrge il ul
mirgpuirtg, su `iridrg m`tûm `gfg su `iltrg oi `gltrge, oarahailog tgoms ems iltrmoms y smeaoms
oi aljgrfm`aðl, prg`isgs i afpuesgs. Ie `iridrg taili tris írims pral`apmeis; ie trgl`g
il`ijíea`g, ie `iridieg y em `grtizm `iridrme (tmltg ie `iridieg `gfg em `grtizm `iridrme

`gfailzml `gl `iri,
`gl `iri,
Emtæl pmrm "`irm", oidaog m su mspi`tg `irgsg). Ie `iridrg istí bi`bg oi hrmsm y mhum, pism
mprgxafmomfilti tris eadrms y jm`aeatm ul pgoir y ulm `mpm`aomo al`riædeis. =

Ie trgl`g il`ijíea`g fgoirm ems jul`aglis dísa`ms qui li`isatmfgs pmrm vavar, `gfg risparmr, fmltilir ul
ratfg `mroæm`g rihuemr, egs afpuesgs pmrm `gfir g tilir riem`aglis sixumeis y luistrms rispuistms oi eu`bm g
buaom. Istí uda`mog il em pmrti supiragr oi em `geuflm virtidrme y il em dmsi oie `rílig, iltirrmog
prgjulomfilti il ie `iridrg. Il em pmrti pgstiragr oie `iridrg, ie `iridieg is rispglsmdei oi fgoirmr ie
fgvafailtg y em `ggroalm`aðl. _mfdaál bmy ulm `ri`ailti ivaoil`am oi qui kuihm ul pmpie il luistrm tgfm
oi oi`asaglis.
 

Em `grtizm `iridrme is em pmrti fís hrmloi oi luistrg `iridrg, ogloi taili euhmr em fmygræm oi luistrg
pilsmfailtg `gfpeikg, fifgram m `grtg pemzg y istafuem`aðl silsgra
silsgrame.
me. Istí jgrfmog pgr egs eðduegs
g``apatme, pmraitme, tifpgrme y jrgltme. Luistrgs eðduegs jrgltmeis sgl ogloi taili euhmr em fmygr pmrti oi
luistrg pilsmfailtg; ogloi oiravml em eðha`m y em `rimtavaomo.

Ie `iridrg si oavaoi il ogs fatmois qui istíl `gli`tmoms pgr ie `uirpg `meegsg, qui m`tûm
`gfg ul bmz oi `mdeis tieijðla`gs iltri egs eðduegs, ilvamlog filsmkis
filsmkis oi ul emog m gtrg. Il
isti fgfiltg, tailis merioiogr oi 2: fae faeeglis oi liurglms (tmfdaál eemfmoms `áeuems
`iridrmeis) oaspmrmlog y m`tumlog kultms il `gl`airtg failtrms eiis istms pmemdrms y msafaems em
aljgrfm`aðl il istms píhalms. 4 Istms siýmeis liurglmeis si eadirml il ie `iridrg y ems ri`adil
egs liurgtrmlsfasgris,
liurgtrmlsfasgris, qui euihg trmlsfati
trmlsfatil
l ie filsmki m gtrgs liurgtrmlsfasgris g oitailil ie
filsmki pgr `gfpeitg sa ism is em rispuistm moi`umom.

Pgeæmfgs pilsmr qui me`mlzmfgs luistrg pa`g liurgeðha`g me jalme oi em mogeis`il`am,

oispuás oi eg `ume luistrgs `iridrgs lul`m `mfdamrgl, mpmrti oi oitiragrmrsi. Mbgrm smdifgs
qui istg istí eikgs oi em viromo. Luistrgs `iridrgs tailil em `mpm`aomo oi liurgpemsta`aomo, eg
qui sahlaja`m qui luistrms m``aglis y luistrgs iltgrlgs puioil `mfdamreg y omrei jgrfm. Pu
`iridrg saifpri istí `mfdamlog y fgeoiílogsi m su iltgrlg y m ems oifmloms qui ei afpgli.

Oidaog m qui luistrgs `iridrgs istíl sukitgs m em aljeuil`am oi luistrgs hilis y fioag
mfdailti, `mom ulg pgsii ul `iridrg qui is `gfpeitmfilti ûla`g pmrm lgsgtrgs. Pgl `gfg egs
`gpgs oi laivi3 Lg bmy ogs ahumeis. @mom `iridrg si momptm m ems li`isaomois oi su ouiýg.
Zimfgs m mehuail `ramog il ul iltgrlg eeilg oi jm`tgris istrismltis `gfg em pgdrizm, em jmetm oi
m``isg m egs meafiltgs g em jmetm oi sihuraomo. Ism pirsglm tilorí ulm istru`turm `iridrme fuy
oajirilti m em oi mehuail `ramog il ul iltgrlg fuy `ðfgog, ra`g y dail `uaomog. ^irg mltis oi eeihmr
m em `gl`eusaðl oi qui ul iltgrlg is "fikgr" qui ie gtrg y hilirm ul `iridrg qui jul`aglm fikgr, ei
oismjæg m qui eg ri`glsaoiri.

@gfg oaki mltiragrfilti, ie `iridrg is `mpmz oi sir fgeoimog y fgeoimog, eg qui sahlaja`m qui
il `umequair fgfiltg `umequairm puioi oi`aoar `mfdamr em jgrfm il qui jul`aglm su `iridrg. Pa
dail is jí`ae supglir qui em pirsglm qui `ri`að il ul iltgrlg fís istrismlti y pg`g sgeaomrag
puioi lg me`mlzmr su fíxafg pgtil`ame oidaog me oismrrgeeg oi su `iridrg il isms `ar`ulstml`ams,
em `ri`ailti ivaoil`am suhairi qui isms pirsglms puioil prgspirmr
prgspirmr y me`mlzmr luivgs lavieis oi
áxatg oidaog m em filtmeaomo si vil gdeahmogs m oismrrgeemrsi il tme
 

satum`aðl. Pihûl em `mltaomo oi pirsglms ixatgsms qui supirmrgl em iou`m`aðl

prgdeifíta`m, puioi sir qui ulm aljml`am oajæ`ae g ulm iou`m`aðl oismjamlti hiliri
risaeail`am iltri gtrgs mtradutgs qui `glou`il me áxatg.

IL_ILOIT EM
LIYTG^EMP_A@AOMO
·]uá pgoifgs mpriloir
mpriloir oie `iridrg oi egs `glou`tgris oi tmxas oi Egloris7 Istm is em prihultm
qui pemltið em liurg`ailtæja`m Ieimlgr Fmhuari oie Ylavirsaty @geeihi oi Egloris me `glsaoirmr em
hrml `mltaomo oi aljgrfm`aðl `gltilaom il egs `iridrgs oi egs tmxastms oi em `auomo, mprgpamomfilti
eemfmom "Ie `glg`afailtg". ^mrm gdtilir sus ea`il`ams, egs sgea`atmltis vamkmrgl il `a`egfgtgr pgr ulm
si``aðl ispi`æja`m oi em `auomo, ul rmoag oi => caeðfitrgs oi em istm`aðl oi @bmralh @rgss, ourmlti
tris g `umtrg mýgs, fifgrazmlog ie emdiraltg oi 49,>>> `meeis y ems faeis oi mtrm``aglis qui
mpgymrgl. Al`eusg oispuás oi isti altilsg istuoag, sgeg merioiogr oie 9> pgr `ailtg oi egs
sgea`atmltis pmsml em sirai oi ixífilis oi ea`il`am. ]uazís, pilsð Fmhuari, egs ixatgsgs tilæml

bapg`mfpgs fís hrmlois qui ie prgfioag.

Fmhuari y sus `geihms ois`udrairgl qui egs tmxastms oi Egloris tilæml "fís fmtiram hras il
ie bapg`mfpg pgstiragr qui ems pirsglms oi iomo, iou`m`aðl i altieahil`am safaemris qui lg
`glou`æml tmxas". Il gtrms pmemdrms, egs tmxastms tilæml `iltrgs oi fifgram fís hgrogs qui sus
`gfpmýirgs. ^mri`æm qui `umltg fís taifpg mehuail `glou`æm ul tmxa, fís hrmloi irm su
bapg`mfpg, `gfg sa ie `iridrg si ixpmloairm pmrm m`gfgomr ems oifmloms `ghlatavms oi
lmvihmr pgr ems `meeis oi Egloris ". 0

Ie Eglogl _mxa @md Ptuoy gjri`i ul ikifpeg `glval`ilti oi em liurgpemsta`aomo oie `iridrg g em
`mpm`aomo oi rigrhmlazmrsi y trmlsjgrfmrsi m fioaom qui si ixpgli me mpriloazmki y m luivms
ixpirail`ams. _ilir qui mpriloir `glstmltifilti luivms rutms il em `auomo gdeahð m egs `iridrgs oi
egs tmxastms m `rimr luivms væms liurglmeis. Istms væms `mfdamrgl em istru`turm y ie tmfmýg oie
`iridrg, ul sgrpriloilti ikifpeg oie `iridrg aeafatmog il ie trmdmkg.

Em liurgpemsta`aomo, tmfdaál `glg`aom `gfg pemsta`aomo `iridrme, sahlaja`m qui `mom viz qui
mpriloi mehg luivg, su `iridrg istmdei`i ulm luivm `glixaðl salípta`m. Q `mom viz qui istg
su`ioi, su `iridrg `mfdam jæsa`mfilti; m`tumeazm su bmrowmri pmrm rijeikmr ul luivg lavie oi em
filti.

Em liurgpemsta`aomo oipiloi oi em `mpm`aomo oi luistrms liurglms pmrm `ri`ir y istmdei`ir

`glixaglis `gl gtrms liurglms il gtrms pmrtis oie `iridrg. Jul`aglm
 

bm`ailog luivms `glixaglis y jgrtmei`ailog (g oidaeatmlog, sihûl sim ie `msg) vaikgs emzgs. ? ?

Luistrg `iridrg is fmeimdei. _ilifgs em al`riædei `mpm`aomo oi `mfdamr su istru`turm y grhmlazm`aðl

`gl ie taifpg jgrfmlog luivms væms liurglmeis m fioaom qui ixpirafiltmfgs, mpriloifgs mehg luivg y
lgs momptmfgs. Em liurgpemsta`aomo myuom m ixpea`mr `ðfg tgog is pgsadei. Egs alvistahmogris sgstailil
qui tgogs egs `iridrgs sgl jeixadeis ym qui ems riois `gfpeikms oi ems liurglms `gli`tmoms si puioil
vgevir m `gli`tmr pmrm jgrfmr luivms `glixaglis. M vi`is, isg sahlaja`m qui ie `iridrg `gfpilsm mehg qui
bm piroaog, `gfg `umlog ul bifasjirag mpriloi m jul`aglmr pmrm mfdgs. Oie fasfg fgog qui bmy
pirsglms qui bml sujraog oirrmfis `iridrmeis y bml pgoaog ri`glstruar y ri`upirmr sus jul`aglis
`iridrmeis, ems qui pgstirhml, tailil pilsmfailtgs lihmtavgs ix`isavgs g lg puioil oikmr oi `gfir
`gfaom `bmtmrrm tmfdaál puioil vgevir m `gli`tmr y `mfdamr sus `gfpgrtmfailtgs y trmlsjgrfmr sus
vaoms. Pa mpriloir is bm`ir luivms `glixaglis,

iltgl`is ri`gromr is
fmltilir y fmltilir isms `glixaglis. @umlog eu`bmfgs `gl em fifgram g ixpirafiltmfgs ul
oitiragrg oi em fifgram, is prgdmdei qui ixpirafiltifgs ulm ois`glixaðl iltri ems liurglms. Il
ie mpriloazmki, `umlog lg ri`uiroms mehg, `glsaoármeg `gfg ul jrm`msg pmrm istmdei`ir ulm
`glixaðl iltri eg qui bms mpriloaog y eg qui ym smdis, y `ðfg eg usmrís il em vaom. ^gr ikifpeg, sa
sailti qui mehg qui bm mpriloaog is vmeagsg il isti fgfiltg, pirg qui lul`m eg vgevirí m usmr, is
pg`g prgdmdei qui eg ri`uiroi. Oie fasfg fgog, sa mpriloi mehg pirg lg taili ul rmzglmfailtg
fís ieivmog sgdri pgr quá is afpgrtmlti pmrm ustio g `ðfg si mpea`m m su vaom g trmdmkg, is
prgdmdei qui su `iridrg lg ritilhm em aljgrfm`aðl. Is tgtmefilti lgrfme tilir ul empsg oi
fifgram; sgfgs bufmlgs, lg rgdgts. ^irg sa rispgloifgs m isti empsg il em fifgram `gl em
m`tatuo oi qui "tilhg fmem fifgram" g "lg sgy eg suja`ailtifilti altieahilti `gfg pmrm ri`gromr
istg", iltgl`is mji`tmrifgs lihmtavmfilti luistrm `mpm`aomo oi mpriloir y `ri`ir. Il gtrms
pmemdrms, em `riil`am qui pgoræmfgs oismrrgeemr il rispuistm me gevaog bm`i fu`bg fís omýg qui ie
empsg il em fifgram. Isi tapg oi `glvirsm`aðl pirsglme rijuirzm ulm `riil`am eafatmlti, il euhmr oi
ri`glg`ir ie irrgr y ri`upirmr em aljgrfm`aðl.

·]uá sahlaja`m istg pmrm ie mpriloazmki7 Em pemsta`aomo sahlaja`m qui puioi fgeoimr y
fgeoimr su `iridrg pmrm smtasjm`ir sus oisigs. ]ui mehg `gfg su fifgram is iltrilmdei,
`umlog smdi `ðfg myuomr m su `iridrg m ri`adar, `goaja`mr, prg`ismr y `glsgeaom
`glsgeaomrr
aljgrfm`aðl. Pahlaja`m qui `gl ulgs safpeis `mfdags il mehg `gfg su iltgrlg, su `gfaom g
su
 

ikir`a`ag, puioi `mfdamr orísta`mfilti em jgrfm il qui jul`aglm su `iridrg. @gfpmrtará istgs `glsikgs oi
ilirhæm il oitmeei il 
il @mpætueg 2  .
Mquæ istí em `gl`eusaðl; em pemsta`aomo sahlaja`m qui su mpriloazmki, y oi bi`bg su vaom, lg is
jakg. ^uioi sir, bm`ir, tilir y `gfpmrtar `umequair `gsm `umlog gptafazm y ri`gli`tm su `iridrg.
Lg bmy eafatm`aglis `umlog mealim y mpea`m em filtmeaomo, em fgtavm`aðl y egs fátgogs `grri`tgs.

_Y PIHYLOG @ITIDTG
Fas meuflgs fi oa`il qui oispuás oi mpriloir sgdri em alfilsaomo oi su `iridrg, tailil ul siltaog
`gfpeitmfilti luivg oi vmegr, qui su mutgistafm `ri`i oi em lg`bi m em fmýmlm. Mquæ bmy fís duilms
lgta`ams; lg istí eafatmog m ul sgeg `iridrg, taili ul sihulog; su altistalg. ·Mehulm viz bms tilaog ul
"prisiltafailtg"7 ·Isi fgfiltg `umlog eg smdæms7 Pa mehulm viz "ti bms vuietg eg`g" pmrm tgfmr ulm
oi`asaðl g bms siltaog "fmrapgsms il ie istðfmhg", ·mehulm viz ti prihultmsti pgr quá jui isg7 Is`gloaog
il ems pmriois oie sastifm oahistavg, isti "`iridrg il ie altistalg" istí rivgeu`aglmlog em `gfprilsaðl oi

em fioa`alm oi egs væl`uegs iltri em oahistaðl, ie istmog oi ílafg, em smeuo i al`eusg em jgrfm il qui
pailsms.

Egs `ailtæja`gs eemfml m isti piquiýg `iridrg ie sastifm lirvagsg iltára`g (ILP). Q lg is tml pg`g. Ie
ILP `glsasti il ogs `mpms oiehmoms oi fís oi =>> faeeglis oi `áeuems lirvagsms qui ri`udril su trm`tg
hmstrgaltistalme oisoi ie isðjmhg bmstm ie ri`tg. Em `ail`am mpilms `gfailzm m `gfpriloir ie iki
`iridrg-altistalg y `ðfg mji`tm luistrgs `iridrgs, luistrg istmog oi ílafg y luistrg `gfpgrtmfailtg.
^uioi is`u`bmreg rijiraog `gfg em "`glixaðl `iridrg-altistalg". Il em ûetafm oá`mom, bifgs ois`udairtg
qui ie altistalg taili ul iji`tg ois`gfulme il em jgrfm il qui jul`aglml luistrgs `iridrgs. Ylg puioi
`gfpmrmreg `gl em jgrfm il qui jul`aglm ul írdge. Ems rmæ`is il ie suieg ixtrmil lutrailtis vatmeis y mhum
oie suieg, msæ `gfg si `gfula`ml `gl gtrms pemltms. Isgs lutrailtis euihg sgl eeivmogs me `uirpg oie írdge,
jgrtaja`mlog y `glstruyilog ie trgl`g, y oílogei me írdge eg qui li`isatm pmrm drgtmr luivms bgkms `mom
prafmvirm, qui m su viz ri`ghil euz, gtrm juilti oi ilirhæm. Oie fasfg fgog, egs lutrailtis qui tgfmfgs
sgl mdsgrdaogs m trmvás oi luistrgs altistalgs. @gljamfgs il isgs lutrailtis pmrm meafiltmr luistrgs
`iridrgs. Pa dail luistrgs `iridrgs g`upml fuy pg`g oi luistrg pisg `grpgrme tgtme, usml ie 4> pgr `ailtg
oi em ilirhæm qui tgfmfgs, pgr eg qui egs lutrailtis bm`il ulm hrml oajiril`am il em jgrfm il qui luistrgs
`iridrgs jul`aglml oæm m oæm.
 

Ie altistalg istí rivistaog `gl fís oi `ail faeeglis oi `áeuems lirvagsms y jgrfm pmrti oi em ILP.
@umlog ul didá `ri`i il ie ûtirg, ie ILP y ie PL@ si oismrrgeeml m pmrtar oie fasfg tikaog y pirfmli`il
`gli`tmogs m trmvás oie lirvag vmhg. Il fu`bgs siltaogs, egs ogs sastifms si rijeikml futumfilti il su
istru`turm. Mfdgs tmfdaál usml fu`bgs oi egs fasfgs liurgtrmlsfasgris pmrm jul`aglmr, al`euaom em
sirgtglalm, em ogpmfalm y em m`itae`gealm. Me ahume qui `gl ie PL@, sgeæmfgs `riir qui tgogs lm`afgs `gl
ulm `airtm `mltaomo oi `áeuems, y isg is tgog. ^irg me ahume qui ie `iridrg, mbgrm smdifgs qui em ILP
prgou`i luivms liurglms ourmlti em iomo mouetm y puioi ripmrmrsi `umlog si omým. 9 9 Ie altistalg istí
jgrfmog pgr istms liurglms, msæ `gfg ulm rio oi dm`tirams qui jgrfml ie fa`rgdagfm, y me ahume qui `gl ie
`iridrg, `mom ulg oi lgsgtrgs taili luistrg prgpag fa`rgdagfm
f a`rgdagfm ûla`g.

Moifís, istms `áeuems lirvagsms gpirml m trmvás oi væms sgrpriloiltifilti safaemris me `iridrg.
Il 4>=>, ie liurg`ailtæja`g Oaihg Dgbðrquiz oi em Ylavirsaomo oi Ouci ois`udrað qui ems `áeuems
iltirgilog`ralms oie altistalg tilæml "prgtudirml`ams pmri`aoms m egs pais" qui si pmri`æml m ems
salmpsas qui ems liurglms usml pmrm `gfula`mrsi. Istg prgvg`ð qui Dgbðrquiz si prihultmrm sa istms
`áeuems pgoræml "bmdemr" `gl ie `iridrg utaeazmlog siýmeis safaemris m ems liurglms. Áe pemltið em
bapðtisas oi qui sa istg su`ioairm, tiloræml qui istmr usmlog ie lirvag vmhg,
 

qui `gli`tm ie altistalg y ie trgl`g il`ijíea`g. : : Oispuás oi fís pruidms, ois`udrairgl qui ems `áeuems
oi bi`bg usml ie lirvag vmhg pmrm `mptmr filsmkis y ilvamregs me `iridrg, fís rípaog oi eg qui pgoræm
bm`irsi m trmvás oie tgrrilti smlhuælig.

IPJYIT[G OI I]YA^G
Em `glixaðl iltri ie `iridrg y ie altistalg tgomvæm si istí ixpegrmlog, pirg pmri`i qui
jul`aglml oi fmlirm fuy safaemr y qui jul`aglml il tíloif. Ie piquiýg `iridrg kultg `gl ie
hrmloi oitirfalm il pmrti luistrg istmog filtme. @umlog tailis em altua`aðl oi qui mehg lg
istí dail g, pgr ie `gltrmrag, oi qui oidis sihuar ulm `grmzglmom, lg is sgeg supirsta`aðl; tu
altistalg taili su prgpam jgrfm oi altirpritmr egs iviltgs y omr siýmeis m tu `iridrg. Moifís,
`umlog meafiltm su altistalg `gl `gfaom oija`ailti, tmfdaál meafiltm m su `iridrg `gl
`gfdustadei oija`ailti.

Il isti fgfiltg, su altistalg istí oaharailog em `gfaom qui m`mdm oi `gfir y ilvamlog isi

`gfdustadei m su `iridrg. Me fasfg taifpg, ulm pmrti oi su `iridrg istí msafaemlog ems píhalms
dmkg sus oiogs (g su ei`tgr oi eadrgs iei`trðla`gs, sa msæ eg prijairi), oiti`tmlog em `gfgoaomo oi em
saeem qui eg mpgym y fglatgriml
fglatgrimlogog ie iltgrlg m su merioiogr. Msihûrmti oi istmr m smevg. Gtrm pmrti
oi tu `iridrg istí `mptmlog egs gegris oie mfdailti, tme viz ie `mjá, ie pirjufi g ie mrgfm oi ems
píhalms oie eadrg. Gtrm pmrti oi su `iridrg istí mdsgrdailog egs sæfdgegs oi pmemdrms il em píhalm
oi isti eadrg y `glvartaálog
`glvartaálogegs
egs il sahlaja`mog, qui euihg si prg`ism y mefm`ilm il em fifgram m
`grtg pemzg, ogloi euihg si ilvamrí m em fifgram m emrhg pemzg (oidmkg oi em oiri`bm `gloa`aglis, m
ems qui eeihmrifgs il ul fgfiltg).

_gog istg is pmrm oi`ar qui tailis em fíxafm supirpgtil`am iltri tus gæogs. _mfdaál tailis em
`mpm`aomo oi pirji``aglmr ism supirpgtil`am y bm`irem fís hrmloi
- g oikmreg vm`aemr y ois`gfpglirsi. ^uiois oi`aoar il quá tapg oi iltgrlg vavi tu
supirpgtil`am; ulg qui rispmeoi tu fasaðl il em vaom g ulg qui ti oastrmahm oi tus suiýgs
fís hrmlois.

Ie isquavg gdvag
* * Omog qui tilifgs isti trifilog pgoir oi luistrms filtis oaspgladei pmrm lgsgtrgs, ·pgr quá
istmfgs eu`bmlog7 Pa su `iridrg is rimefilti fmhlæja`g, ·pgr quá em sgdri`mrhm, em oastrm``aðl, ie
gevaog y egs siltafailtgs oi alsuja`ail`am lgs mji`tml tmltg7 ·@ðfg pgoifgs `gl`aeamr ie bi`bg oi qui
tilifgs tmltg pgtil`ame7
 

pirg ·tilifgs oæms il egs qui lg pgoifgs ri`gromr ul lgfdri safpei g pilsmr il smear oi
ulm dgesm oi pmpie7 Em rispuistm is tml safpei qui is `msa gdvam; lg lgs ilsiýmrgl `ðfg.

* * Ei om ulm aoim m ulm pirsglm y ustio ilraqui`i su oæm. Ilsiýi m ulm pirsglm m mpriloir y
puioi ilraqui`ir tgom su vaom.
Em is`uiem is ul hrml euhmr pmrm mpriloir. Meeæ, si lgs ilsiým quá mpriloir, quá pilsmr y quá
ri`gromr. ^irg bmy pg`ms g lalhulm `emsi il `ðfg
il  `ðfg mpriloir, `ðfg pilsmr y `ðfg ri`gromr. Il su
eadrg sifalme sgdri iou`m`aðl, Is`uiems
iou`m`aðl, Is`uiems `rimtavms, 
`rimtavms,P  ar Cil Tgdalsgl oa`i; ―Ylm oi fas prig`upm`aglis
fís prgjuloms is qui, sa dail si istíl rijgrfmlog egs sastifms iou`mtavgs il tgog ie fulog, fu`bms
oi istms rijgrfms istíl sailog afpuesmoms pgr altirisis pgeæta`gs y `gfir`ameis qui lg `gfpriloil
`ðfg mpriloil ems pirsglms rimeis y `ðfg jul`aglml rimefilti ems hrmlois is`uiems. @gfg
risuetmog, istíl omýmlog ems pirspi`tavms oi allufirmdeis kðvilis. _mroi g tifprmlg, pmrm dail g
pmrm fme, ti mji`tmríl m ta g m mehuail qui `glg`is ".  8 8

Pupglhg qui tailil ym ti bm mji`tmog m ta y m tgoms ems pirsglms `ir`mlms @gfg ym

smdil, fa prgpam ixpirail`am `gl ie sastifm iou`mtavg jui `gfpea`mom, y ri`glgz`g qui
fas `ar`ulstml`ams irml alusumeis. Pal ifdmrhg, il rimeaomo, al`eusg sa lul`m budairm
tilaog isi jmtæoa`g trmufm il em `mdizm il ie kmroæl oi aljmltis, prgdmdeifilti bmdræm
gdtilaog fu`bg filgs oi fa iou`m`aðl is`gemr
is`gemr oi eg aoime. Istg si oidi m qui fuy
pg`ms is`uiems il tgog ie fulog bml al`grpgrmog ie mpriloazmki sgdri `ðfg mpriloir
il sus pemlis oi istuoag. Lgs eeilmríl oi aljgrfm`aðl. Lgs ixpgloríl m hrmlois gdrms
eatirmrams y m jahurms qui `mfdamrgl ie `ursg oi em `avaeazm`aðl. Lgs pgloríl m pruidm, m
vi`is sal jal, pmrm oitirfalmr sa pgoifgs ripitar eg qui lgs bml ilsiýmog. ^irg lg si
fitiríl oidmkg oi tgog istg pmrm ilsiýmrlgs `ðfg ilsiýmrlgs m lgsgtrgs fasfgs,
ilraqui`ir luistrms filtis, ois`udrar luivgs `gl`iptgs,
 
 

Lg si trmtm oi `uepmr m egs fmistrgs qui trmdmkml ourg pmrm ilsiýmr m luistrgs bakgs. Il fa
gpalaðl, egs fmistrgs sgl mehulgs oi egs siris bufmlgs fís sgeaomrags, `gfpmsavgs y `mpm`is oi
luistrm sg`aiomo. Oi bi`bg, fa fmori si `glvartað il fmistrm oispuás oi fa eisaðl `iridrme
pgrqui istmdm eu`bmlog fu`bg y quiræm myuomrfi m fæ y m gtrgs `gfg yg. Ie prgdeifm rmoa`m il
ie sastifm mlta`umog il ie qui trmdmkml egs og`iltis. Pa Tap Zml Xalcei si oispirtmrm oi oá`moms
oi suiýg, eg ûla`g qui ri`glg`iræm bgy sgl ems muems, pgrqui bml ivgeu`aglmog fuy pg`g. Em
iou`m`aðl lg bm `mfdamog eg suja`ailti `gfg pmrm pripmrmrlgs pmrm ie fulog il qui vavafgs
bgy. Il ulm irm oi mutgs ieá`tra`gs y vibæ`uegs mutðlgfgs `mpm`is oi eeivmrlgs m Fmrti, luistrg
sastifm iou`mtavg is ie iquavmeilti m ul `mdmeeg y ul `mrrumki.

Q euihg istí em `uistaðl oi qui em jgrfm il qui hmlmfgs luistrms vaoms istí `mfdamlog
`mfdamlog prgjulom y
`mom viz fís rípaomfilti. Em mutgfmtazm`aðl y em altieahil`am mrtaja`ame (AM) istíl mji`tmlog ie juturg oie
trmdmkg, y lg istgy bmdemlog sgeg oi ems jídra`ms ogloi egs trmdmkmogris istíl sailog riifpemzmogs pgr
rgdgts. Moifís, fu`bgs oi lgsgtrgs iljriltmfgs em li`isaomo oi `mfdamr oi em istru`turm oi ul trmdmkg oi
gja`alm m em vgemtaeaomo oi em i`glgfæm oie `gl`airtg. Q egs trmdmkgs qui pg`gs oi lgsgtrgs pgoræmfgs bmdir
afmhalmog al`eusg bm`i `al`g mýgs bml hmlmog juirzm, failtrms qui gtrgs istíl surhailog il isti fasfg
fgfiltg qui mji`tmrí ie euhmr oi trmdmkg il egs prðxafgs mýgs.

_gog istg lgs mpultm il em fasfm oari``aðl; oidifgs bm`irlgs `mrhg oi luistrg prgpag mpriloazmki. Pa ems
is`uiems lgs oa`il quá mpriloir, pirg lg `ðfg
lg `ðfg pmrm mpriloir, iltgl`is lgsgtrgs
 

Li`isatmfgs bm`ir ie ristg oie trmdmkg lgsgtrgs fasfgs. Pa em sgdri`mrhm oahatme mfilmzm `gl si`uistrmr luistrgs
`iridrgs, iltgl`is li`isatmfgs usmr eg qui smdifgs sgdri mpriloir m ristmdei`ir ems rihems dísa`ms. Pa ie euhmr oi
trmdmkg istí ivgeu`aglmlog `gl tmltm rmpaoiz qui lul`m pgoifgs istmr sihurgs oi eg qui ie trmdmkg sahlaja`mrí pmrm
lgsgtrgs fmýmlm, iltgl`is sgeg tgfmlog ie `gltrge `gfpeitg oi luistrg mpriloazmki pgoifgs rimefilti istmr
pripmrmogs pmrm ul juturg al`ghlgs`adei.

@GLI@_MT EM MEAFIL_M@AÐL
Ylm bastgram rípaom, m filuog `gltmom; ul oæm il ulm pemltm oi ilirhæm, tgog si oitaili mdruptmfilti. _goms ems
fíqualms si ois`gli`tml. Ie saeil`ag is ilsgroi`iogr. Ems pirsglms qui fmlikml em pemltm istíl jriláta`ms y
oispuás oi bgrms y bgrms, lalhulg oi egs trmdmkmogris puioi eg`meazmr ie prgdeifm. Ie kiji oi gpirm`aglis istí
oisispirmog il isti fgfiltg, pgr eg qui eemfm m em fikgr myuom eg`me qui puioi il`gltrmr.

Ie tá`la`g ixpirtg eeihm y farm merioiogr oi em alstmem`aðl. Pi oarahi m ulm oi ems

lufirgsms vahms iltri tgoms ems `mkms ieá`tra`ms, mdri ulm oi ieems y farm jakmfilti egs
oavirsgs tgrlaeegs y `mdeis oie altiragr. Harm ul tgrlaeeg y, `gfg pgr mrti oi fmham, tgog
`gfailzm m jul`aglmr luivmfilti y em pemltm vuievi m em vaom.

Ie kiji oi gpirm`aglis is iltgl`is meavamog. Mhrmoi`i me tá`la`g y ei prihultm quá ei oidi. Ie

tá`la`g oa`i; "$ =>,>>>". Ie
I e kiji oi gpirm`aglis istí `glfg`aglmog. ―·]uá quairis oi`ar `gl $
=>,>>>7 Istuvasti mquæ pgr ulgs falutgs. Bms harmog ul sgeg tgrlaeeg. @umequairm pgoræm bmdir
bi`bg isg. Li`isatg ulm jm`turm oitmeemom, pgr jmvgr.

Ie tá`la`g si fiti em fmlg il ie dgesaeeg, sm`m ul deg` oi lgtms, hmrmdmtim ulgs sihulogs

y ei pmsm em jm`turm me gtrg bgfdri. Ie kiji oi gpirm`aglis eg eii i alfioamtmfilti ei pmhm. Ie

prgyi`tg oi eiy oi`æm; "_grlaeeg oi harg; $ =. Pmdir quá tgrlaeeg harmr; $ 1,111 ".

·@uíe is em ei``aðl oi em bastgram7 Lg is qui tilhms ul tgrlaeeg

t grlaeeg suietg. Em bastgram aeustrm
ogs `gsms.
Ie prafirg is `uíltg vmegr mhrihmog puioi gjri`irei ulm filti aeafatmom m ustio y m gtrgs.
Bifgs iltrmog il ulm i`glgfæm ixpirtm il em qui ie pgoir filtme supirm m em juirzm drutm.
Ogloi eg qui tailis iltri tus gæogs is tu fmygr m`tavg pmrm `rimr raquizm. Bmy quailis smdil y
quailis lg smdil. Q isi `glg`afailtg mpea`mog lg is sgeg pgoir, is hmlml`am. Pu `mpm`aomo oi
pilsmr, risgevir prgdeifms, tgfmr ems oi`asaglis `grri`tms, `rimr, allgvmr,
 

i afmhalmr is `ðfg mhrihmfgs vmegr. @umltg fís rípaog puioms mpriloir, fís rípaog pgorís hmlmr.

Q isg lgs eeivm m em sihulom ei``aðl. Isi tgrlaeeg bazg tgom em oajiril`am. Bi saog filtgr y iltrilmogr oi mehulms
filtis msgfdrgsms, y lg tailis qui sir ul hilag pmrm vir qui ie hilag oikm pastms. Ylg oi isgs pmtrglis is qui
egs mrtastms filtmeis oi áeati jaetrml y si iljg`ml il isgs pg`gs "tgrlaeegs" qui fmr`ml em oajiril`am y m`tavml tgog eg
oifís. Isti eadrg istí eeilg oi fu`bgs oi egs `gfpgrtmfailtgs, birrmfailtms y istrmtihams qui bi ois`udairtg
pmrm omrei egs fíxafgs risuetmogs y ri`gfpilsms pgr su isjuirzg. Ie fulog ti istí emlzmlog fís oismjægs qui
lul`m, y bmy aloa`ags oi qui isgs oismjægs `gltalumríl mufiltmlog. Me fasfg taifpg, si puioi hmlmr fís pgr
tilir ul `iridrg jalmfilti saltglazmog qui lul`m, y mbgrm smdi qui taili ul pgtil`ame fís qui suja`ailti pmrm
iljriltmr `umequair oismjæg. ^irg vm m riquirar tgfmr ie `gltrge oi su mpriloazmki. ^uioi pmri`ir qui si
li`isatmræml `mpm`aomois sgdribufmlms pmrm fmltilirsi me oæm `gl ems oifmloms oi luistrm rimeaomo m`tume. ^irg
ym tailis ulm supirpgtil`am g`uetm; tu `iridrg. Is pgsadei qui lg puiom oaspmrmr riois oi sus fmlgs, pirg taili
mehg fu`bg fikgr, ems riois liurglmeis il su `mdizm. Ism pemltm oi supirpgtil`am oi ulm rio iltri tus gæogs is tu
fmygr rihmeg y tu fmygr viltmkm. _gog eg qui tilifgs qui bm`ir is m`tumeazmr su `iridrg oi em fasfm fmlirm qui
m`tumeazm su tieájglg. ·@ðfg alstmems ul luivg sgjtwmri il tu `iridrg7 Ylm oi fas jgrfms jmvgratms is eg qui istís
bm`ailog mbgrm. Pi eemfm ei`turm. Is pgsadei qui lg puiom oaspmrmr riois oi sus
s us fmlgs, pirg taili mehg fu`bg
fikgr, ems riois liurglmeis il su `mdizm.
` mdizm. Ism pemltm oi supirpgtil`am oi ulm rrio
io iltri tus gæogs is tu fmygr
rihmeg y tu fmygr viltmkm. _gog eg qui tilifgs qui bm`ir is m`tumeazmr su `iridrg oi em fasfm fmlirm qui
m`tumeazm su tieájglg. ·@ðfg alstmems ul luivg sgjtwmri il tu `iridrg7 Ylm oi fas jgrfms jmvgratms is eg qui istís
bm`ailog mbgrm. Pi eemfm ei`turm. Is pgsadei qui lg puiom oaspmrmr riois oi sus
s us fmlgs, pirg taili mehg fu`bg
fikgr, ems riois liurglmeis il su `mdizm.
` mdizm. Ism pemltm oi supirpgtil`am oi ulm rrio
io iltri tus gæogs is tu fmygr
rihmeg y tu fmygr viltmkm. _gog eg qui tilifgs qui bm`ir is m`tumeazmr su `iridrg oi em fasfm fmlirm qui m`tumeazm su tieájglg. ·@
 
 

??

BGX_GTIMOMLOTIFIFDIT_
PY (MLOMLQ) 
EADTG 

Pu taifpg is ulg oi sus fmygris m`tavgs. Is eg ûla`g qui lg puiois ri`upirmr.

@gfg su iltrilmogr filtme, quairg qui gdtilhm egs fikgris risuetmogs y qui vuievm m eemfmr su
mtil`aðl, msæ qui mquæ bmy mehulms ri`gfilom`aglis sgdri `ðfg mprgvi`bmr me fíxafg isti eadrg. ^uioi
mpea`mr isti `glsikg m prí`ta`mfilti `umequair `gsm qui quairm mpriloir y eiir.

@gfil`ifgs `gl ulm prihultm; ·Mehulm viz bms eiæog mehg sgeg pmrm gevaomreg me oæm sahuailti7

Lg istms sgeg. Egs psa`ðeghgs si rijairil m istg `gfg em "`urvm oi gevaog". Is em jðrfuem
fmtifíta`m qui ois`radi em vieg`aomo m em qui si gevaom em aljgrfm`aðl oispuás oi qui si mpriloi
ala`amefilti. Em alvistahm`aðl suhairi qui egs bufmlgs gevaoml mprgxafmomfilti ie 9> pgr `ailtg oi
eg qui mpriloil il ulm bgrm, y ul prgfioag oie 8> pgr `ailtg il 4? bgrms.  =

M `gltalum`aðl bmy ul puýmog oi ri`gfilom`aglis qui eg myuomríl m fmltilirsi m em vmlhumroam.

Fís moiemlti, `gfpmrtará istrmtihams mvmlzmoms pmrm m`ieirmr su mpriloazmki y ritil`aðl il ems
si``aglis sgdri istuoag, ei`turm rípaom y fikgrm oi em fifgram.
 

Em alvistahm`aðl suhairi qui luistrm `mpm`aomo lmturme pmrm `gl`iltrmrsi oasfaluyi iltri => y ?> falutgs.
Pa pmsmfgs fís taifpg il ulm tmrim oitirfalmom, gdtilifgs riloafailtgs oi`ri`ailtis oi luistrm alvirsaðl
oi taifpg pgrqui luistrm mtil`aðl `gfailzm m oisvamrsi. ^gr ism rmzðl, ei suhairg qui usi em tá`la`m
^gfgogrg, ul fátgog oi prgou`tavaomo oismrrgeemog pgr Jrml`is`g @araeeg dmsmog il em aoim oi qui ie taifpg
ðptafg pmrm ulm tmrim is oi 49 falutgs, sihuaog oi ul ois`mlsg oi 9 falutgs. 4

@mom pgr`aðl oi 49 falutgs si eemfm "^gfgogrg". Failtrms eiis isti eadrg, ti suhairg qui eims ul
^gfgogrg y euihg ti tgfis ul ois`mlsg `iridrme oi 9 falutgs mltis oi `gltalumr.

@umlog si trmtm oi mpriloir, em tá`la`m oi ^gfgogrg jul`aglm pgr rmzglis riem`aglmoms `gl em
fifgram, ispi`æja`mfilti ie iji`tg oi em prafm`æm y em m`tumeaomo. Ie iji`tg oi em prafm`æm is qui is fís
prgdmdei qui ri`uirois eg qui mprilois me `gfailzg oi ulm sisaðl oi mpriloazmki, ulm `emsi, ulm
prisiltm`aðl g al`eusg ulm altirm``aðl sg`ame. Pa vms m ulm jaistm, pgoræms ``glg`ir
glg`ir m 0> ixtrmýgs. Is fuy
prgdmdei qui ri`uirois m ems prafirms pirsglms qui `glg`is (m filgs qui bmyms saog iltrilmog pmrm
ri`gromr lgfdris `gl fa fátgog, qui ti ilsiýmrá fís moiemlti il isti eadrg).
e adrg).

Ie iji`tg oi eg ri`ailti is qui tmfdaál is prgdmdei qui ri`uirois eg ûetafg qui mpriloasti

(fís ri`ailti). Il em fasfm jaistm, istg sahlaja`m qui ri`gromrís egs lgfdris oi ems ûetafms
pirsglms qui `glg`asti.
 

_gogs lgs bifgs pgspuistg mltis oi ulm pruidm y euihg, em lg`bi mltiragr me ixmfil, lgs
siltmfgs m "fitir" tgog eg pgsadei sal lalhûl ois`mlsg. Em prafm`æm y em m`tumeaomo sgl sgeg ogs oi
ems (fu`bms) rmzglis pgr ems qui ems sisaglis oi bm`almfailtg lg jul`aglml. ^irg me tgfmr
ois`mlsgs, `rim fís `gfailzgs y jalmeis, y ritaili fu`bg fís oi eg qui istí mpriloailog.

Pa ti sailtms m eiir ul eadrg il ie trmls`ursg oi ogs bgrms sal tgfmr ois`mlsgs, is pgsadei qui
ri`uirois egs prafirgs 4> falutgs oi eg qui eiis, iltgl`is tme viz ixpirafiltis ul `bmpuzðl
merioiogr oi egs 0> falutgs, y euihg ' is prgdmdei qui ri`uirois ie jalme oi eg qui eiis. Istg
sahlaja`m qui em pmusm il ie fioag, sal altirrup`aglis pmrm em msafaem`aðl g pilsmr il eg qui m`mdm
oi eiir, om `gfg risuetmog ul ispm`ag fuirtg pmrm ie mpriloazmki. Iltgl`is, tgfi isti eadrg oi
^gfgogrg m em viz pmrm mprgvi`bmr me fíxafg eg qui eii. Pa mûl msæ ieahi istuoamr, mpriloirí
fátgogs ûtaeis il ie eadrg pmrm ritilir em aljgrfm`aðl "altirfioam".

·Pmdæms qui ie sgeg bi`bg oi eiir isti eadrg ti bmrí fís altieahilti7 Fi ogy `uiltm oi qui is ul

hrml ri`emfg, pirg istgy `gfpeitmfilti `glvil`aog oi qui is `airtg. Il ul lavie, ti ilsiýmrí m sir
fís altieahilti m trmvás oi ems birrmfailtms
 

y tí`ta`ms qui `gfpmrtg mquæ. ^irg il gtrg lavie, `umlog eg eiis m`tavmfilti, jgrfmrís
afíhilis il tu filti y bmrís `glixaglis iltri eg qui smdis y eg qui istís mpriloailog.
^ilsmrí il `ðfg istg si mpea`m m su vaom m`tume, i afmhalmrí `ðfg puioi usmr ie
`glg`afailtg qui istí msafaemlog. ^rgfuivi em liurgpemsta`aomo. Geavir Xiloiee Bgefis
oakg; "Oi viz il `umlog em filti oi ul bgfdri si istarm pgr ulm luivm aoim g silsm`aðl,
y lul`m si riou`i m sus oafilsaglis mltiragris". 0 @umlog eiis `umequair eadrg, tailis em
gpgrtulaomo oi mfpeamr ie me`ml`i oi tu filti, y lul`m sirí eg fasfg.

CXAC P_MT_ 

@gljahuri ul tifpgrazmogr pmrm 49 falutgs il isti fgfiltg y `gl`áltrisi il eg qui istí

eiyilog il isti eadrg ourmlti isi taifpg. @umlog suili em memrfm, fmrqui isti eadrg y

`aárrieg. Euihg is`radm eg qui mpriloað oiltrg oi isi pirægog oi 49 falutgs.

Y_AEA@I IE FÁ_GOG FÍP TÍ^AOG

^mrm mprgvi`bmr me fíxafg isti eadrg, mquæ bmy ul fátgog safpei pmrm mpriloir mehg rípaomfilti.
Eg eemfg ie Fátgog FÍP TÍ^AOG, y quairg qui eg usis failtrms eiis, `gfilzmlog mbgrm.

Ie m`rðlafg JMP_IT sahlaja`m; Gevaomr, M`tumr, Istmog, Ilsiýmr, Iltrmr, Tivasmr. Mquæ istí
ie oishegsi;

J is pmrm gevaomr 
Em `emvi oie iljgqui eísir is ieafalmr u gevaomr mquieeg qui eg oastrmi. Bmy tris `gsms qui quairis
gevaomr (me filgs tifpgrmefilti). Eg prafirg is eg qui ym smdis. @umlog mpriloifgs mehg
luivg, tiloifgs m msufar qui iltiloifgs fís oi eg qui iltiloifgs sgdri isi tifm. Eg qui
`riifgs smdir sgdri ie tifm puioi gdstm`ueazmr luistrm `mpm`aomo oi mdsgrdir luivm
aljgrfm`aðl. Ylm oi ems rmzglis pgr ems qui egs laýgs mpriloil rípaomfilti is pgrqui sgl
ri`apailtis vm`ægs3 Ieegs smdil qui lg smdil. Mehulms pirsglms qui mjarfml tilir vialti mýgs oi
ixpirail`am tailil ul mýg oi ixpirail`am qui bml ripitaog
r ipitaog vialti vi`is. ^mrm mpriloir fís meeí

oi su siltaog m`tume oi ristra``aglis, yg

 

oisim qui suspilom tifpgrmefilti eg qui ym smdi g `rii smdir sgdri ie tifm y eg
mdgroi `gl eg qui em jaegsgjæm [il eemfm "em filti oi ul pral`apamlti". Ti`uiroi qui su
filti is `gfg ul pmrm`mæoms, sgeg jul`aglm `umlog istí mdairtm.

Eg sihulog is gevaomr eg qui lg is urhilti g afpgrtmlti. @gltrmramfilti m em `riil`am pgpuemr, su `iridrg

lg rimeazm fûetapeis tmrims (fís sgdri istg fís moiemlti). Pa lg istís `gfpeitmfilti prisilti, sirí oajæ`ae
qui mpriloms `umlog tu iljgqui istá oavaoaog.

CXAC P_MT_ 

Failtrms eii isti eadrg, `umlog su filti alivatmdeifilti vmhui m gtrm `gsm, y ism gtrm `gsm
is afpgrtmlti pirg lg urhilti, lg trmti oi lg pilsmr il ieeg.
iee g. Eg qui risastis pirsasti. Il
`mfdag, fmltilhm ul `umoirlg `ir`m pmrm `mpturmr isi pilsmfailtg g aoim is`radaálogeg.
^gr eg tmltg, puioi eadirmreg tifpgrmefilti, pmrm qui si mdgroi oispuás oi qui si

`gfpeiti em tmrim il `uistaðl.

Q jalmefilti, gevæomti oi tus eafatm`aglis. Istms sgl ems lg`aglis pri`gl`idaom

pri`gl`idaomss qui `riis
sgdri ta fasfg, `gfg qui tu fifgram lg is duilm g qui mprilois eiltmfilti. Puspilom (me
filgs tifpgrmefilti) eg qui `rii qui is pgsadei. Pá qui istg puioi sglmr oajæ`ae, pirg tilhm
ulm filti mdairtm m eg qui puioi bm`ir. Oispuás oi tgog, omog qui istís eiyilog isti eadrg,
ulm pmrti oi ta il ie jglog oidi `riir qui bmy fís il em vaom oi eg qui ym bms oifgstrmog. Bmz
tu fikgr isjuirzg pmrm fmltilir tu oaíeghg altirlg pgsatavg. Ti`uirom istg; sa eu`bms pgr tus

eafatm`aglis, puiois `glsirvmrems. Pus `mpm`aomois lg sgl jakms y is pgsadei mpriloir `umequair
`gsm.

M is pgr m`tg
Em iou`m`aðl trmoa`aglme bm `mpm`atmog m fu`bms pirsglms il qui ie mpriloazmki is ulm
ixpirail`am pmsavm. _i sailtms il saeil`ag il `emsi, lg bmdems `gl tu vi`alg y `glsufis em
aljgrfm`aðl. ^irg mpriloir is lg
is lg ul oipgrti oi ispi`tmogris. Ie `iridrg bufmlg lg mpriloi
tmltg pgr `glsufg `gfg pgr `rim`aðl. Pmdailog isg, quairg qui ti prihultis `ðfg puiois sir
fís m`tavg
 

il tu mpriloazmki _gfm lgtm. Bmz tgogs egs ikir`a`ags oi Cwac Ptmrt. Ois`mrhui em mpea`m`aðl Cwac
Drmal pmrm prgdmr y iltrilmr sus bmdaeaomois aeafatmoms. * g m em píhalm oi ri`ursgs il www.Eafateiss
www.EafateissDggc.`gf/risgur`
Dggc.`gf/risgur`
pmrm birrmfailtms hrmtuatms moa`aglmeis. _i ri`gfailog qui rismetis aoims `emvi, pirg lg ti `glvairtms
il ulg oi isgs moa`tgs oistm`mogs qui bm`il qui `mom píhalm draeei il em gs`uraomo. Pa bm`is qui
tgog sim afpgrtmlti, iltgl`is lmom si vuievi afpgrtmlti. @umltg fís m`tavg sim, fikgr, fís rípaog y
fís mpriloirí.

CXAC P_MT_ 

]ui is ulg ·]uá bmrís pmrm qui eiir isti eadrg sim ulm ixpirail`am fís m`tavm7
Is`rædieg.

P is pmrm ie istmog
_gog ie mpriloazmki oipiloi oie istmog. Pu istmog is ulm alstmltílim m`tume oi sus ifg`aglis. Istí
metmfilti aljeuil`amog pgr sus pilsmfailtgs (psa`geghæm) y em `gloa`aðl jæsa`m oi su `uirpg (jasageghæm).
Pus siltafailtgs g em jmetm oi ieegs sgdri ul tifm il ulm satum`aðl ispi`æja`m mji`tml ie prg`isg oi
mpriloazmki y, il ûetafm alstml`am, egs risuetmogs. Oi bi`bg, `umlog val`uem ul siltafailtg m em
aljgrfm`aðl, em aljgrfm`aðl si vuievi fís fifgrmdei. ^mrm prgdmr istg, supglhg qui bmy ulm `ml`aðl,
jrmhml`am g `gfaom qui puioi eeivmreg oi rihrisg m su aljml`am. Em aljgrfm`aðl fuetapea`mom pgr em
ifg`aðl myuom m `rimr ri`uirogs m emrhg pemzg. Eg gpuistg tmfdaál is `airtg. ·@uíe jui ie istmog
ifg`aglme priogfalmlti qui siltasti il em is`uiem7 @umlog bmhg istm prihultm me pûdea`g, em fmygræm oi
ems pirsglms il em smem hratml "¡mdurrafailtg!" @gl tgom prgdmdaeaomo, puioi riem`aglmrsi `gl istg.

Pa tu ilirhæm ifg`aglme il em is`uiem irm dmkm, lg is oi ixtrmýmr qui bmyms gevaomog em tmdem
piraðoa`m. ^irg, `umlog tgfm ie `gltrge oi su istmog filtme y `grpgrme, puioi `mfdamr su
ixpirail`am oi mpriloazmki
mpriloazmki oie mdurrafailtg m em ifg`aðl, em `uragsaomo i al`eusg em oavirsaðl. ^mrm
eghrmr istg, puioi altiltmr `mfdamr em jgrfm il qui su `uirpg si fuivi il ul iltgrlg oi
mpriloazmki g oispirtmr oajiriltis istmogs oi ílafg mltis oi siltmrsi m mpriloir. @mfdam tu
pgsturm g em prgjuloaomo oi tu risparm`aðl. Paáltmti g pírmti `gfg sa istuvairms tgtmefilti eeilg oi
ilirhæm y ifg`aglmog pgr eg qui vaili. * y ifg`aglmog pgr `ðfg si dilija`amrí oi eg qui istí m
pultg oi mpriloir y quá bmrí `gl
 

tu luivg `glg`afailtg Ti`uirom tgog ie mpriloazmki oipiloi oie istmog.

Ieakm `gls`ailtifilti istmogs oi meihræm, jms`alm`aðl y `uragsaomo.

CXAC P_MT_ 
·]uá tml fgtavmog, eeilg oi ilirhæm y iljg`mog istís il isti fgfiltg7 @meajaqui su istmog
m`tume il ulm is`mem oie = me =>. ·]uá is ulg
is ulg ·]uá bmrís mbgrm pmrm mufiltmr isi lûfirg7

_ is pmrm ilsiýmr 

Pa oisim riou`ar orísta`mfilti su `urvm oi mpriloazmki, mprilom `gl em altil`aðl oi

ilsiýmr em aljgrfm`aðl m gtrm pirsglm. ^aálsieg; sa smdi qui taili qui bm`ir ulm
prisiltm`aðl sgdri eg qui mpriloi, mdgromrí `ðfg mpriloi ie tifm `gl em altil`aðl oi
ogfalmreg eg suja`ailtifilti dail `gfg pmrm ixpea`mreg m gtrm pirsglm. ^ristmrís fís
mtil`aðl. Pus lgtms puioil sir fís oitmeemoms. I al`eusg pgoræms bm`ir fikgris
prihultms. @umlog ilsiýms mehg, puiois mpriloireg
mpriloireg ogs vi`is; ulm sgem y euihg gtrm viz
me iou`mr m gtrm pirsglm.

Ie mpriloazmki lg saifpri is sgeg3 ^uioi sir sg`ame. ^uioi oasjrutmr fís isti eadrg sa alvatm m
mehuail fís m mpriloir `gl ustio. @gfpri ulm `gpam pmrm ul mfahg g, fikgr mûl, `gfail`i ul @eud
oi eadrgs aeafatmogs qui si riûli sifmlmefilti pmrm qui puiom oas`utar ems aoims y `gl`iptgs il
isti eadrg. Oasjrutmrís mpriloailog fís `umlog bmhms ri`uirogs `gl ul mfahg g hrupg oi mfahgs.
_rmdmkmr `gl gtrm pirsglm lg sgeg eg myuomrí m fmltilirsi rispglsmdei,
rispglsmdei, salg qui ei omrí m mehuail
`gl quail prm`ta`mr isti fátgog.

CXAC P_MT_ 

Il`uiltri ul `gfpmýirg oi mpriloazmki pmrm eiir isti eadrg y rispglsmdaeazmrsi futumfilti.

futumfilti.
Is`radm ie lgfdri oi ism pirsglm (g pirsglms).

I is pmrm Iltir 
 

·@uíe is em birrmfailtm oi oisifpiýg pirsglme fís safpei y pgoirgsm7 _u `meilomrag

Alhrismfgs `gsms afpgrtmltis il luistrg bgrmrag; riulaglis oi trmdmkg, riulaglis oi
pmoris y fmistrgs, `atms `gl ie oiltastm, eeivmr m Jeujjy me vitiralmrag, it`. ·Pmdis eg qui
fu`bm hilti lg prghrmfm7 Pu `ri`afailtg y oismrrgeeg pirsglme. Pa lg istí il su
`meilomrag, bmy ulm duilm pgsadaeaomo oi qui lg si bmhm. Is fuy jí`ae pmsmr ie oæm `gl
ustio "gevaomlog" ikir`atmr su `uirpg y `iridrg.

CXAC P_MT_ 

Pmqui su `meilomrag i alhrisi sus ei`turms aeafatmoms pmrm egs prðxafgs saiti oæms.
Itaquiti istgs EAFA_EIPP FI, * ILAYP _AFI, DTMAL _TMALAL *, @GLZITPM_AGLP
XA_B KAF, g `umequair gtrm `gsm eg suja`ailtifilti prgvg`mtavm `gfg pmrm hmrmltazm
hmrmltazmrr qui
fmltilhm istm ji`bm il su `meilomrag.

T is pmrm rivasaðl
Ylm oi ems fikgris fmlirms oi riou`ar egs iji`tgs oi em `urvm oi gevaog is ri`gromr m`tavmfilti eg
qui mpriloað `gl ripita`aðl ispm`amom. ^uioi ritilir fikgr em aljgrfm`aðl fioamlti em rivasaðl il
fûetapeis sisaglis oaspirsms. * Gvir sgdri ie fmtirame m altirvmegs mufiltm em `mpm`aomo oi luistrg
`iridrg pmrm ri`gromreg. ^mrm mprgvi`bmr isti pral`apag, mltis oi `gfilzmr su sisaðl oi ei`turm,
tðfisi ul fgfiltg, mulqui sgeg sim ulgs falutgs, pmrm ri`upirmr m`tavmfilti eg qui mpriloað
mltis. Pu `iridrg omrí fmygr vmegr me fmtirame rivasmog y pripmrmrí su filti pmrm eg qui istí pgr
vilar.

CXAC P_MT_ 

Mltis oi `mom ei`turm, tðfisi ulgs falutgs pmrm bmdemr g is`radar sgdri eg qui
ri`uirom oi em ei`turm mltiragr.

IEIHAT
PMDAMFIL_I
 

Ie jaeðsgjg jrml`ás Kiml-^mue Pmrtri siýmeð qui "Em vaom

va om is @ iltri D y O", eg qui sahlaja`m qui em
vaom qui vavafgs is em iei``aðl qui bm`ifgs iltri em "D" oie lm`afailtg y em "O" oi em fuirti. Em
prgjulom safpea`aomo oi ism oi`emrm`aðl is pmrta`uemrfilti rieivmlti pmrm ie vamki `gl ie qui
istmfgs `gfprgfitaogs mquæ. Pir aeafatmog is ulm iei``aðl, y ism iei``aðl is `gfpeitmfilti
suym, aloipiloailtifilti oi sus `ar`ulstml`ams. ^uiois ieihar rilul`amr m isti pgoir, pirg ·pgr
quá eg bmræms sa smdis qui rimefilti puiois vavar ulm vaom sal dmrrirms7 ^irg ieihar is mehg m`tavg,
y ie fgfiltg oi tgfmr istm oi`asaðl is mbgrm.
 
 

Iltgl`is, quairg qui ti risuievms y ti `gfprgfitms. Em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms istíl

sal`irmfilti altirismoms il bm`ir mehg qui smdil qui
qui oidiræm
 oidiræm bm`ir. ^irg lg eg bm`il, pgrqui eg
`glsaoirml ulm prijiril`am, lg ulm prgfism. Bmy ul trifilog pgoir il bm`ir ulm risgeu`aðl
rime. ]uairg qui is`radm su `gfprgfasg pmrm `gfpeitmr isti eadrg. @umlog is`radafgs mehg, is
fís prgdmdei qui bmhmfgs eg qui prgfitifgs.

M `gltalum`aðl, bi al`euaog ulm píhalm oi `gfprgfasg pmrm ustio. Zir   Ti`ursgs `gfpeifiltmrags oi eadrgs
iei`trðla`gs pmrm ulm ois`mrhm il ^OJ. Pa quairis pultgs ixtrm, tgfm ulm jgtg oi tu prgfism jarfmom y euihg
pudeæ`mem il ems riois sg`ameis. Istm risgeu`aðl pûdea`m eg myuomrí m fmltilirsi rispglsmdei. Itaquitmfi
NKafCwac
¡EafateissDggc pmrm qui pgomfgs mlafmrti!
¡EafateissDggc
##
 

QG, , `gfprgfitirsi m eiir istg

risirvi il al`rifiltgs oi => m 49 falutgs bmstm qui tirfali.

Fi `gfprgfitg m `gl`iltrmrfi gevaomlog fa `gfprilsaðl privam, oastrm``aglis y

`riil`ams eafatmltis oi eg qui is pgsadei.

Fi `gfprgfitg m sir m`tavg il ie prg`isg. Bmrá tgogs egs ikir`a`ags oi Cwac Ptmrt,
tgfmrá lgtms, rismetmrá y prm`ta`mrá bm`aálogfi prihultms rieivmltis failtrms eig.

Fi `gfprgfitg m mofalastrmr fa istmog oi sir failtrms eig, `gltrgemlog rihuemrfilti fas lavieis
oi ilirhæm y sailog prgm`tavg il mkustmr fa fgtavm`aðl sihûl sim li`ismrag.

Fi `gfprgfitg m ilsiýmr eg qui mprilog m egs oifís, pmrm qui tgogs pgomfgs dilija`amrlgs.

Fi `gfprgfitg m alhrismr fa taifpg oi ei`turm il fa `meilomrag, pgrqui sa istí il fa

bgrmrag eg bmrá.

Fi `gfprgfitg m rivasmr eg qui ym bi mpriloaog pmrm ri`gromreg fikgr mltis

oi pmsmr m mehg luivg.

Q jalmefilti, fi `gfprgfitg m qui al`eusg sa "fi iquavg`g" `gl `umequairm oi egs mltiragris,

lg fi hgepimrá. Zgevirá y bmrá eg fikgr qui puiom.

¡Pa! Istgy eastg pmrm sir aeafatmog!

Jarfmog
Ji`bm;

EMP ^TIHYL_MP PGL EM TIP^YIP_M

·Mehulm viz bm eiæog ulm píhalm oi ul eadrg, eeihð me jalme y lg puog ri`gromr eg qui m`mdm oi eiir7
Al`eusg puioi rieiireg, sgeg pmrm gevaomreg luivmfilti. Lg quairg qui ixpirafiltis istg failtrms
istís eiyilog isti eadrg, iltgl`is ·pgr quá7
 

·`riis qui su`ioi7 Em rispuistm is qui lg istís bm`ailog ems prihultms `grri`tms. ? prihultms,
oi bi`bg, sgl em rispuistm.
@mom sihulog, tus siltaogs ri`gpaeml bmstm == faeeglis oi dats oi aljgrfm`aðl oie fulog qui ti
rgoim. Gdvamfilti, sa altiltms altirpritmregs y ois`ajrmregs tgogs m em viz, ti siltarís mdrufmog oi
alfioamtg. Is pgr isg qui ie `iridrg is pral`apmefilti ul oaspgsatavg oi ieafalm`aðl3 Istí oasiýmog
pmrm fmltilir em aljgrfm`aðl juirm. Em filti `gls`ailti tæpa`mfilti prg`ism sgeg 9> dats pgr
sihulog. Eg qui pmsm m trmvás oie jaetrg istí oitirfalmog pgr em pmrti oie `iridrg eemfmom sastifm oi
m`tavm`aðl rita`uemr, g TMP pmrm mdrivamr. Ie TMP is rispglsmdei oi ulm sirai oi jul`aglis, al`euaom
em fgoaja`m`aðl oie suiýg y ie `gfpgrtmfailtg. _mfdaál m`tûm `gfg ie humroaíl oi em aljgrfm`aðl m
trmvás oi ul prg`isg eemfmog bmdatum`aðl, qui ei pirfati me `iridrg ahlgrmr egs istæfuegs ripitatavgs y
sal siltaog y pirfmli`ir silsadei m gtrms iltrmoms.

Ylm oi ems jgrfms oi huamr ie TMP sgl ems prihultms qui lgs bm`ifgs. Istgs ei oa`il m ism pmrti oi luistrg
`iridrg eg qui is afpgrtmlti pmrm lgsgtrgs.
_gfifgs ie `ufpeimýgs oi fa birfmlm filgr `gfg ikifpeg. Bm`i mýgs, fa birfmlm
sihuæm ilvaílogfi pgstmeis, jgtgs y `grrigs iei`trðla`gs oi pirrgs puh. Qm smdis, egs qui
tailil ems `mrms demloms y egs gkgs smetglis. Pgl fuy oð`aeis3 puiois vistarems `gfg dmaemralms
y lg eis afpgrtmrí. ^gr supuistg, fi prihultmdm pgr quá fi istmdm ilvamlog jgtgs oi puhs, y
euihg ri`groá qui si m`ir`mdm su `ufpeimýgs, y si bazg ivaoilti qui istmdm oikmlog pastms
pgrqui quiræm ulm.
 
 

Fís tmroi isi oæm, istmdm rivasmlog il em tailom oi meafiltgs smeuomdeis, y fará m em gtrm
eælim oi pmhg. ^mrm fa sgrprism, va m ulm fukir qui eeivmdm su pirrg sgdri su bgfdrg.  Xgw,
lg bi vastg ulg oi isgs il fu`bg taifpg, ·`uíeis sgl ems pgsadaeaomois oi isg7 ^ilsá. Me oæm
sahuailti jua m `grrir m fa vi`alomrag, y bmdæm mehuail `mfalmlog sias puhs. Em prihultm is,
·oi oðloi valairgl egs puhs7 ·Mpmri`airgl fíha`mfilti7 ^gr supuistg lg. Paifpri
istuvairgl mbæ. ^irg il em mvmeml`bm oi istæfuegs, lul`m mltis eis bmdæm pristmog mtil`aðl.
Ylm viz qui egs puhs rgfpairgl fa `gl`ail`am, `gfil`á m viregs pgr tgoms pmrtis. ·Bms
tilaog ulm ixpirail`am `gfg istm7 _me viz jui ul tapg ispi`æja`g oi mutgfðvae g trmki qui
"fíha`mfilti" `gfilzð m mpmri`ir il tgoms pmrtis.

Il ulm iltrivastm `gl em pirsglmeaomo oi egs fioags Kimllai Fma, `gfpmrmfgs isti iji`tg `gl em
jgrfm il qui su pemtmjgrfm oi riois sg`ameis jmvgratm `gfailzm m fgstrmrei fís pudea`m`aglis il
jul`aðl oie altirás ixprismog il ie pmsmog. Ie satag il ie qui si il`uiltrm eg smdi pgr eg qui bazg `ea`,
ei hustð g vag mltiragrfilti.
mltiragrfilti. Pu TMP is `gfg ie mehgratfg oi isi satag. Ei fuistrm fís oi eg qui
ixprism altirás y g`uetm ems `gsms il ems qui lg si alvgeu`rm.

Fuy m filuog, ems rispuistms qui quirifgs istíl mbæ, pirg lg istmfgs bm`ailog ems prihultms `grri`tms pmrm
oistm`mrems. Il `mfdag, istmfgs bm`ailog prihultms alûtaeis g, eg qui is pigr, prihultms qui lgs quatml ie pgoir.
·^gr quá lg sgy eg suja`ailtifilti altieahilti7 ·^gr quá lg sgy eg suja`ailtifilti duilg7 ·^gr quá lg puiog
piroir pisg7 ·^gr quá lg puiog il`gltrmr m em pirsglm `gl em qui oidg istmr7 Bm`ifgs prihultms lihmtavms, y
euihg isms prihultms lgs oml ivaoil`am, g puhs, `gfg rispuistms. Em filti bufmlm saifpri istí hilirmeazmlog
pmrm omr siltaog me fulog. Mquæ, meeí y il tgoms pmrtis, pgoifgs il`gltrmr ivaoil`am pmrm `gljarfmr luistrms
`riil`ams. ^ilsmr is ul prg`isg oi rmzglmfailtg m trmvás oi mehg, ourmlti ie `ume bm`ifgs y rispgloifgs
prihultms. Ystio puioi istmr prihultmlog, ·is isg `airtg7 Farm, tilæms qui bm`ir ulm prihultm. Pa dail tilifgs
oi`ilms oi faeis oi pilsmfailtgs me oæm, tilifgs ulm, tme viz ogs prihultms ogfalmltis qui bm`ifgs fís qui
gtrms. @gfg puioi afmhalmr, istms prihultms oarahil luistrg iljgqui, qui oarahi `ðfg lgs siltafgs y `ðfg, il
`glsi`uil`am, pmsmfgs luistrms vaoms. @gfg ixpirafiltg filtme, afmhali m mehuail `uym prihultm fís jri`uilti
is; "·@ðfg bmhg pmrm qui ei husti m em hilti7" Lg smdis su iomo, `mrrirm g `ðfg si vil. ^irg smdis fís oi eg
qui prgdmdeifilti ti ois `uiltm. ·@ðfg ti afmhalms qui is su pirsglmeaomo7 Lg li`isatm smdir fu`bg pmrm
moavalmr qui `gfpem`il m ems pirsglms, sgl aloari`tgs me ixprismr sus li`isaomois y lg sgl mutálta`gs sgdri `ðfg
si sailtil g pailsml il ul fgfiltg omog. Mehuail qui ^irg smdis fís oi eg qui prgdmdeifilti ti ois `uiltm.
·@ðfg ti afmhalms qui is su pirsglmeaomo7 Lg li`isatm smdir fu`bg pmrm moavalmr qui `gfpem`il m ems pirsglms,
sgl aloari`tgs me ixprismr sus li`isaomois y lg sgl mutálta`gs sgdri `ðfg si sailtil g pailsml il ul fgfiltg
omog. Mehuail qui ^irg smdis fís oi eg qui prgdmdeifilti ti ois `uiltm. ·@ðfg ti afmhalms qui is su
pirsglmeaomo7 Lg li`isatm smdir fu`bg pmrm moavalmr qui `gfpem`il m ems pirsglms, sgl aloari`tgs me ixprismr sus
li`isaomois y lg sgl mutálta`gs sgdri `ðfg si sailtil g pailsml il ul fgfiltg omog. Mehuail qui
 

si prihultm `glstmltifilti `ðfg eghrmr qui m ems pirsglms eis hustil lul`m puioi sir
rimefilti su viromoirg yg pgrqui saifpri si fgeoimríl sihûl ems prijiril`ams oi ems
pirsglms qui egs rgoiml, al`eusg sa lg sgl `gls`ailtis oi ieeg. @glg`is tgom istm aljgrfm`aðl
y sgeg `glg`is ulm prihultm qui si bm`il. ·@uíe `riis qui is tu prihultm ogfalmlti7

_Y OGFALML_I
^TIHYL_M
@umlog siltæ qui fa `iridrg istmdm rgtg, fi il`mltð is`mpmr me fulog oi egs
supirbárgis, egs `ðfa`s, ems fmzfgrrms y egs ormhglis. Ie fulog oi em jmltmsæm fi myuoð
m gevaomr fa ogegr. Oi`aoæ qui em supirpgtil`am qui siræm fikgr pmrm fæ irm em alvasadaeaomo, y
fa prihultm ogfalmlti si `glvartað il "·@ðfg fi fmltilhg alvasadei7" Il euhmr oi sir
vastg, saifpri istmdm farmlog m tgogs egs oifís, prihultílogfi `ðfg siræm em vaom oi
tgogs. Fi prihultmdm pgr quá istm pirsglm irm tml pgpuemr, y ism pirsglm irm tml jieaz, g
quá bm`æm m gtrm pirsglm tml altieahilti. Istmdm sujrailog tgog ie taifpg, msæ qui failtrms
gdsirvmdm m em hilti y mpriloæm oie fulog qui fi rgoimdm, fa prihultm ogfalmlti
`mfdað m "·@ðfg puiog fikgrmr istg7" ]uiræm risgevir isti ilahfm; "·@ðfg jul`aglm fa
filti pmrm pgoir trmdmkmr fa filti7" @umltg fís y fís bm`æm istms luivms prihultms,
fís rispuistms ri`adæm.
 
 

@glg`æ m Xaee Pfatb il em jaistm oi `ufpeimýgs lûfirg 2> oi ?ual`y Kglis. Oispuás oi is`u`bmr sgdri
fa eisaðl `iridrme trmufíta`m, fi alvatð m sir su alvatmog il ie istrilg oi em pieæ`uem. @gl`usaðl,
pieæ`uem. @gl`usaðl, Ylm pieæ`uem
sgdri ems prig`upm`aglis oie trmufm il em `mdizm riem`aglmog `gl ie jûtdge. (Bmdemrá sgdri em prgti``aðl oie
`iridrg il ul prðxafg `mpætueg). Iviltumefilti, Xaee fi risirvð pmrm vilar m _grgltg pmrm pmsmr taifpg `gl
áe ourmlti ulm sifmlm il ie sit. Istmdm jaefmlog ulm pieæ`uem oi supirbárgis, msæ qui puiois afmhalmr qui
istmdm il fa hegram.

Eg qui jui altirismlti pmrm fæ jui qui ie ieil`g y ie iquapg istmdml trmdmkmlog `mom lg`bi,
oisoi ems : ^F m : M.F,m  juirm il peilg alvairlg. Lg tgog Bgeeywggo is gstiltgsg y hemfgrgsg3 bmy
fu`bm prasm sgeg pmrm ispirmr il ie sit. Ourmlti ul ois`mlsg, Xaee y yg ois`udrafgs mehulms oi sus
prihultms ogfalmltis, ulm oi ems `umeis is "·@ðfg bmhg qui isti fgfiltg sim mûl fís fíha`g7"
Failtrms ispirídmfgs qui si jaefmrm em sahuailti is`ilm oi Xaee, su jmfaeam y mfahgs istmdml
m`urru`mogs il tailoms farmlog m egs gtrgs m`tgris trmdmkmr. M ems 0M  .F,  Pa dail istgy sihurg oi qui
tgogs istmdml jrægs y `mlsmogs, puoafgs vir su prihultm ogfalmlti il m``aðl. _rmæm m tgogs
`bg`gemti `meailti, drgfimdm pmrm bm`irlgs sglriær y m`tumdm m`tavmfilti `gfg mljatraðl `umlog
pgoræm bmdir istmog ois`mlsmlog. Timefilti istmdm bm`ailog ie fgfiltg mûl fís fíha`g. Ie
risuetmog oi istm prihultm oarahað su iljgqui y su `gfpgrtmfailtg, y `mfdað pgr `gfpeitg em
ixpirail`am pmrm tgogs.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·@uíe is ulm prihultm ogfalmlti qui ti bm`is7 Is`rædieg.

^TI^MTI PY FIL_I
? prihultms oarahil su iljgqui, pgr eg qui kuihml il tgog il em vaom, al`eusg em `gfprilsaðl
oi ei`turm. Oidaog m qui ems pirsglms hilirmefilti lg bm`il suja`ailtis prihultms `umlog
eiil, `gfprgfitil su iljgqui, `gfprilsaðl y ritil`aðl. Pa pripmrm su filti `gl ie tapg
`grri`tg oi prihultms mltis oi eiir, virí rispuistms (pirrgs puh) il tgoms pmrtis. ^gr ism
rmzðl, `geg`g prihultms `emvi ispi`æja`ms il tgog ie eadrg. ^mrm `gfilzmr, istms sgl ems tris
prihultms ogfalmltis qui oidifgs bm`ir il luistrg vamki kultgs. Ei myuomríl m tgfmr
fioaoms sgdri eg qui mpriloi y
 

@glvairti ie `glg`afailtg il pgoir.

·@ðfg puiog usmr istg7 ·^gr

quá oidg usmr istg7 ·@uílog

usmrá istg7

CXAC P_MT_ 

Istms sgl sus tris prihultms fíha`ms; ·@ðfg puiog usmr istg7 ·^gr quá oidg
usmr istg7 ·@uílog usmrá istg7 Ei myuomríl m altihrmr ie `glg`afailtg oi isti
eadrg il su `mdizm, `grmzðl y fmlgs. Mrrmahmregs.
Mrr mahmregs. Is`radm istms prihultms ogloi
puiom virems; il su is`ratgrag g il su tieájglg.

Il euhmr oi eiir pmsavmfilti, `glsaoiri istms prihultms m fioaom qui tgfm ie

`glg`afailtg oi isti eadrg. Ti`uiroi, ems prihultms sgl em rispuistm. Me `gfailzg oi `mom
`mpætueg oie ristg oie eadrg, il`gltrmrí ulm sirai oi prihultms oasiýmoms pmrm `iltrmr su
mtil`aðl failtrms eii. Istuoai ems prihultms mltis oi eiir `mom `mpætueg y istmrí fikgr
pripmrmog pmrm `gfpriloir y ri`gromr eg qui mpriloi.

Kultg `gl ems prihultms, bmhm egs ikir`a`ags "Cwac Ptmrt" sifdrmogs il euhmris istrmtáha`gs m eg emrhg
oie eadrg. Pgl m`tavaomois ispi`æja`ms oasiýmoms pmrm iltrilmreg m tgfmr fioaoms alfioamtms il su
mpriloazmki y vaom. Em fmygræm oi istgs si puioil bm`ir il ulg g ogs falutgs. Ti`uiroi ie pgoir oi em
liurgpemsta`aomo; `mom viz qui rispgloi ulm prihultm y rimeazm ulm luivm m`tavaomo, vuievi m `mdeimr su
`iridrg. _mfdaál `gl`euyg `mom `mpætueg `gl ikir`a`ags pmrm bm`ir mltis oi pmsmr m em sahuailti si``aðl,
pmrm rimefilti pglir il prí`ta`m istms ei``aglis.
 
 

^MT_I A yg

EAFA_EIPPFA
LOPI_ 
IE ]YÁ

filtmeaomo

filti ¸ `glkultg ( sustmltavg) 

( sustmltavg) 
 

Ems `riil`ams, m`tatuois y supgsa`aglis prgjulomfilti mrrmahmoms qui `rimfgs sgdri quaális sgfgs,
`ðfg jul`aglm ie fulog, oi quá sgfgs `mpm`is y firi`ifgs, y quá is pgsadei.
 

Ie prafir ieifiltg oie fgoieg aeafatmog oi tris pmrtis is em filtmeaomo, qui is em m`tatuo g oaspgsa`aðl
filtme qui prioitirfalm ems rispuistms i altirpritm`aglis oi ems satum`aglis oi ulm pirsglm. Em
filtmeaomo si `gfpgli oi `riil`ams, supgsa`aglis y m`tatuois qui tilifgs sgdri lgsgtrgs fasfgs y ie
fulog qui lgs rgoim. _gog `gfpgrtmfailtg is afpuesmog pgr em `riil`am, pgr eg qui mltis oi mdgromr
`ðfg mpriloir, prafirg oidifgs mdgromr ems `riil`ams sudym`iltis qui tilifgs sgdri eg qui is
pgsadei. Lg lm`ifgs `gl ulm filtmeaomo prialstmemom sgdri eg qui sgfgs `mpm`is oi eghrmr;
mpriloifgs istms jgrfms jakms y eafatmoms oi pilsmr oi ems pirsglms il luistrms vaoms y em `ueturm qui
ixpirafiltmfgs me `ri`ir. ^ailsi il ul ieijmlti kgvil mtmog m ulm istm`m il ie suieg. @umlog is ul
didá, ie ieijmlti lg is eg suja`ailtifilti juirti `gfg pmrm eivmltmr em istm`m, pgr eg qui jalmefilti oikm
oi altiltmreg pgrqui ois`udri qui ie isjuirzg is alûtae. M fioaom qui ie ieijmlti `ri`i, hmlm fís qui
suja`ailti pgoir y juirzm pmrm sm`mr em istm`m, pirg pirfmli`i mtmog pgr mehg tml altrms`iloilti `gfg
ulm `uirom y ulm paizm oi fitme iloidei oidaog m eg qui mpriloað `umlog irm ul didá. Il psa`geghæm,
si eemfm afpgtil`am mpriloaom.

Em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lgs `gfpgrtmfgs `gfg isi ieijmlti. Il mehûl fgfiltg, tuvafgs ulm
ixpirail`am qui lgs oag ulm afprisaðl oi eg qui sgfgs `mpm`is, y luistrm `riil`am sgdri luistrg pgtil`ame
si bm istmdei`aog oisoi iltgl`is. ^irg msæ `gfg si mpriloi em afpgtil`am, is tml pgsadei mpriloir m sir
aeafatmog. Il istm si``aðl, mpriloirí m`ir`m oi ems saiti filtarms qui lgs bml ilsiýmog sgdri luistrg
pgtil`ame y `ðfg riifpemzmrems `gl luivms `riil`ams.

Qg usg ie tárfalg FIL_AT altil`aglmefilti. Il isti `msg, EAI is ul m`rðlafg oi Aoim

eafatmom iltritilaom. Pa iris `gfg em hrml fmygræm oi ems pirsglms, istís iltritilailog
aoims sgdri ta fasfg qui ti oijalil `gfg mehg filgs oi eg qui rimefilti tailis ie
pgtil`ame oi eghrmr. Istís omlog ilirhæm m istms aoims y pirfataálogeis risaoar il tu
filti, pirg il rimeaomo lg sgl fís qui DP (il isti `msg, ulm mdrivamturm oi Dieaij
Pystifs). Il egs prðxafgs `mpætuegs, ois`udrarí oi oðloi prgvailil istms filtarms, `ðfg
eg il`mr`ieml y quá puioi bm`ir me rispi`tg. Q sahui bm`aálogti istm prihultm; ·@uíltms
oi fas eafatm`aglis pir`adaoms lg sgl fís qui filtarms y DP7 @rig qui ti sgrpriloiríl
ems rispuistms y qui istms rispuistms siríl eadirmogrms. Ylm bastgram rípaom mltis oi
`gfilzmr. Ylm oi ems mfastmois fís mpri`amoms oi fa vaom jui em qui `gfpmrtæ `gl Ptml
Eii. @gfg smdil, ems `rim`aglis oi Fmrvie oi Ptml fi myuomrgl m supirmr mehulgs oi
egs oismjægs fís hrmlois.
 

oi fa vaom `umlog irm fís kgvil, y `gltalûml sailog ulm juilti alaltirrufpaom oi alsparm`aðl bmstm ie oæm
oi bgy. Fas `glvirsm`aglis `gl Ptml saifpri juirgl altirismltis y fuy m filuog is`emri`iogrms.

Ti`uirog ulm oi isms `glvirsm`aglis `umlog istídmfgs kultgs il ul mutgfðvae `mfalg m

ulm `ilm. Ptml eu`æm rispemloi`ailti il su trmki `gl ulm muomz `grdmtm oi Ppaoirfml, y fi
alsparð prihultmrei mehg qui saifpri quasi prihultmr.

"Ptml, bms `rimog tmltgs pirsglmkis hilameis m eg emrhg oi egs mýgs, `gfg egs Zilhmogris
y egs R-Fil", oaki. "·]uaál is tu pirsglmki jmvgratg7" La saquairm ouoð ul sihulog. "Argl
Fml", oakg. "·Q quaál is ie tuyg7" Piýmeá su `grdmtm. "Isi siræm Ppaoirfml".

Ptml msaltað y oakg; "@gl ul hrml pgoir vaili ulm hrml rispglsmdaeaomo". ―Isg is fuy `airtg,
Ptml. Q eg `gltrmrag tmfdaál is `airtg; `gl ulm hrml rispglsmdaeaomo vaili ul hrml pgoir ".

^mri`æm hustmrei isg, eg qui fi bazg `gsquaeems sal jal. ^irg mulqui lul`m mltis eg bmdæm
ixprismog oi ism fmlirm, fi oa `uiltm oi qui istmdm ixprismlog ulg oi egs pral`apags `emvi oi em
filtmeaomo aeafatmom. @umlog msufafgs em rispglsmdaeaomo oi mehg, istmfgs afduaogs oi ul hrml
pgoir pmrm fikgrmr ems `gsms. Oi isg si trmtm ulm filtmeaomo aeafatmom. Luistrgs mlti`ioiltis y
`ar`ulstml`ams puioil bmdir aljeuaog il quaális sgfgs, pirg oidifgs sir rispglsmdeis oi il
quaál lgs `glvirtafgs. Pi trmtm oi `gfpriloir qui sgfgs rispglsmdeis oi luistrgs supuistgs y
m`tatuois. Q `umlog m`iptm qui tgog su pgtil`ame istí `gfpeitmfilti dmkg su `gltrge, iltgl`is ie
pgoir oi isi pgtil`ame `ri`i ormfíta`mfilti.

Iltgl`is, supirbárgi, `gfil`ifgs m eafatmr tu filtmeaomo. @gfg Ptml oaræm, "Ix`iesagr!"

 
 

99

_BIP^IEEGJJIEAIJ PQ P

_IFP ·^gr quá sus `riyiltis tailil tme iji`tg7

il tu vaom7 ·^gr quá ti eafatm em `riil`am oi egs `riyiltis7

·tus fitms7 ·@ðfg ri`uiroms ems `riil`ams eafatmltis7

* * rmd
mehulms pmegfatms oi fmæz afmhalmrams, pgrqui vmfgs m bm`ir ul vamki rípaog me
`ali. Em is`ilm is msæ;
Yl puilti istí m pultg oi `gempsmr pgrqui ul supirvaeemlg bm oidaeatmog egs sgpgrtis bmstm
ie pultg il qui tgog si vm m oisfgrglmr il ie ræg. M fioaom qui ie puilti `ruki y si
tmfdmeim, luistrg supirbárgi si iltirm oi em `rasas y `grri m em is`ilm. Ieem is em ûla`m
pirsglm `gl em juirzm pmrm ivatmr ulm `mtístrgji y smevmr `ailtgs oi vaoms.

Luistrg supirbárgi istí m filgs oi => sihulogs oie puilti mbgrm. ^irg m fioaom qui si
m`ir`m, ulm vgz il su `mdizm ei ri`uirom ie taifpg qui si pemltð il em `mrm failtrms bm`æm ul
smetg fgrtme il em is`uiem prafmram. Yl pmr oi sihulogs oispuás, ri`uirom m su pmori
oa`aálogei qui siræm fikgr sa ieem farmrm bm`am mdmkg pmrm su juturg. @gl ie puilti m em vastm,
gtrm vasaðl ifirhi jrilti m ieem; su ix fikgr mfahm em raoa`ueazm pgr sus oiearags oi hrmloizm. Egs
is`gfdrgs oie puilti `mil me mhum. Ie `rukaog si bm`i fís juirti. Egs hratgs oi og`ilms y
og`ilms eeilml ie mari.

Q luistrg supirbárgi, mdrufmog pgr em ouom, si sailtm m ul emog oi em `mrritirm, si `udri em `mrm
`gl ems fmlgs y si mbghm il mutg`gfpmsaðl. Ispiri . . . ·]uá7
 

Lul`m bms vastg ism is`ilm il ulm pieæ`uem oi supirbárgis, ·viromo7 Bmy mehulms rmzglis
pmrm isg. Ylm is qui siræm ulm bastgram tirradei. Gtrm is qui, aloipiloailtifilti
aloipiloailtifilti oi em gs`uraomo il
su pmsmog g egs `gljea`tgs fgrmeis qui puioml iljriltmr, egs supirbárgis lg si `glvairtil il
viromoirgs supirbárgis me `ioir mlti ems `riil`ams eafatmltis. Pupirfml
Pupirfml lg `rii qui, tme viz il ul
duil oæm, puiom smetmr ul ioaja`ag metg g, tme viz, ym smdis, me filgs ul pmr oi bastgrams. _gly Ptmrc
lg pailsm; "Isti trmki oi Argl Fml prgdmdeifilti fi vm m jmeemr il ie pigr fgfiltg pgsadei pgrqui
sgy altrælsi`mfilti ul oismstri". Ie @mpatíl Fmrvie lg rgfpi luistrm mtfðsjirm y oi ripilti
`gfailzm m pilsmr; "Lg istgy sihurg oi tilir em `mpm`aomo ifg`aglme oi vgemr sgeg pgr ie ispm`ag".
_ailil supirpgoiris, y `umequair siltaog oi ristra``aðl sim `gloilmog.

·Q smdis quá7 _û tmfdaál tailis supirpgoiris. ·@ðfg ti oms `uiltm oi ieegs7 @gfailzms
`gl tu filtmeaomo.

BMEEM[HG FA TGHIT
DMLLAP_IT
@umlog irm laýg, quazís oi 1 g => mýgs, tuvafgs ulm hrml rriulaðl
iulaðl jmfaeamr. Bmdæm ul pmr oi og`ilms oi
lgsgtrgs merioiogr oi ulm fism ilgrfi il ul ristmurmlti hrmloi y `gl`urraog. Irm ul sídmog pgr em lg`bi,
msæ qui ie euhmr istmdm eeilg, `gl egs `mfmrirgs bm`ailog palhpglalh oi fism il fism tml rípaog `gfg
pgoæml.
Ylgs falutgs oispuás oi qui tgogs lgs riulafgs, luistrm `mfmrirm si m`ir`ð pmrm
tgfmr luistrg pioaog. @gfg puiois afmhalmr, isti jui ul prg`isg emrhg. M fatmo oi
`mfalg, em `mfmrirm si m`ir`ð pmrm prihultmrfi quá quiræm `gfir y didir. Jui
iltgl`is `umlog fi oa `uiltm oi qui lg bmdæm istmog is`radailog lmom oi eg qui fas
pmrailtis bmdæml groilmog. Istg fi pmri`að ixtrifmomfilti `uragsg. Bmdæm ulgs 49 oi
lgsgtrgs, y em bmdæm vastg sarvailog m gtrgs `eailtis, msæ qui smdæm qui lg ármfgs su
ûla`m fism. ·@ðfg adm m ri`gromr tgog eg qui bmdæmfgs pioaog7 Ei oaki eg qui quiræm y
euihg em fará mtiltmfilti failtrms si mdræm `mfalg pgr ie ristg oi em fism. Lg tilæm ul
metg lavie oi `gljamlzm oi qui fa `gfaom si pmri`iræm rifgtmfilti m eg qui bmdæm
sgea`atmog. Al`eusg m ism iomo, tilæm ulm duilm `mltaomo oi is`ipta`asfg. vir
is`ipta`asfg. vir mehg juirm
oi eg `gfûl mltis oi qui yg `riæog jui pgsadei. Il isti `msg, pilsá qui, il ie fikgr oi
egs `msgs, em `mfmrirm ri`adaræm em fmygræm oi luistrms ðroilis `grri`tms, pirg
tirfalmræm
 

pglaálogegs il egs euhmris iquavg`mogs, lgs il`gltrmræmfgs altir`mfdamlog pemtgs pgr tgom em
fism.
Duilg, prafirg eeihmrgl luistrms didaoms, y tgogs gdtuvairgl ixm`tmfilti eg qui quiræml, al`eusg
ie prafg qui lg quiræm baieg il su @g`m-@gem y gtrg qui bmdæm pioaog qui su didaom valairm `gl ulm
rgomkm oi eafðl, ulm rgomkm oi eafm y ogs `irizms. Duilg,
Duilg,  ^ilsá, Isg istuvg dmstmlti dail. ^irg bmy
fu`bg fís pgr vilar. 
vilar.Y
  lgs falutgs fís tmroi, smeairgl ems ilsmemoms, y luivmfilti tgog jui
pirji`tg. Ems pirsglms qui quiræml su moirizg m ul emog eg iltiloairgl oi ism fmlirm, ems pirsglms
qui quiræml qui su moirizg juirm mrrgkmog `gl sus ilsmemoms eg gdtuvairgl, y tgogs gdtuvairgl ie
moirizg qui bmdæml pioaog. Fa is`ipta`asfg istmdm sailog prgdmog. Q euihg si iltrihmrgl egs pemtgs
pral`apmeis. La ul irrgr 

- y budg mehulms pita`aglis ispi`ameis eg`ms. _gog istmdm pripmrmog oi em fmlirm qui quiræmfgs, y
tgoms ems humrla`aglis irml ems `grri`tms. Fi sufirhæ il fa `gfaom il isi fgfiltg, pirg lg pgoæm
oikmr oi pilsmr il eg qui bmdæm eghrmog em `mfmrirm. M istm iomo, mpilms bmdæm `gfilzmog m eiir oi
fmlirm `gfpitilti, y fa eisaðl `iridrme fi bmdæm `musmog tgog tapg oi oismjægs oi mpriloazmki. Q sal
ifdmrhg, mquæ bmdæm mehuail qui fi bmdæm oifgstrmog qui luistrgs `iridrgs sgl `mpm`is oi fu`bg
fís oi eg qui budairm afmhalmog.

Ism `mfmrirm irm fa Tghir Dmllastir. Dmllastir jui ulm istrieem oie mteitasfg il em oá`mom oi =19>.
Il egs prafirgs mýgs oi em `mrrirm oi Dmllastir, si supglæm mfpeamfilti qui irm jæsa`mfilti
afpgsadei pmrm ul mteitm `grrir ulm faeem il filgs oi ? falutgs. Em silsm`aðl irm qui luistrgs
`uirpgs si rgfpiræml pgr ie isjuirzg mltis oi qui si puoairm me`mlzmr ie taifpg. Euihg, ie : oi fmyg
oi =19?, Dmllastir `grrað ulm faeem il 0 falutgs y 91,? sihulogs, eg qui oifuistrm qui em dmrrirm oi ?
falutgs irm rimefilti rgfpadei. Eg qui is fís altirismlti pmrm fæ is qui filgs oi ogs fisis
oispuás mehuail rgfpað ie rá`gro oi Dmllastir, y euihg isi rá`gro si rgfpað, y euihg isi. Egs taifpgs
bml istmog `myilog oisoi iltgl`is. Eg qui bazg Dmllastir jui fgstrmr qui istm dmrrirm lg irm il
rimeaomo ulm dmrrirm il mdsgeutg. Isg jui eg qui fi fgstrð istm `mfmrirm. M trmvás oi ieem Za qui eg
qui bmdæm pir`adaog qui irm em `mpm`aomo oi fa `iridrg irm fu`bg filgr oi eg qui rimefilti irm.
@gfg smdil, sihuæ eu`bmlog `gl ie mpriloazmki ourmlti fu`bgs mýgs, pirg oisoi ie fgfiltg oi em
`ilm tuvi ul fgoieg oi eg qui irm pgsadei.

Em `mfmrirm oi istm fmlirm irm aeafatmom. Ieem oifgstrð mehg jrilti m fæ qui lul`m il
ul faeeðl oi mýgs budairm pilsmog qui juirm pgsadei. Lul`m em `glg`æ, pirg saifpri istgy
mhrmoi`aom pgrqui eg qui ieem bazg pgr fæ pirsglmefilti jui `mfdamr pirfmliltifilti
fas pir`ip`aglis oi
 

Fas prgpams ristra``aglis. Ieem metirð fa filtmeaomo. Irm afpgsadei pmrm fæ m`iptmr em aoim oi
qui pgoæm ispirmr eghrmr sgeg ulm `mltaomo fgoistm `gl fa `iridrg `umlog smdæm qui egs
oifís pgoæml eghrmr fu`bg fís. Pgeg li`isatmdm il`gltrmr ul fátgog.

Zgy m `gfpmrtar fu`bg oi isi fátgog `gltahg il isti eadrg. Il isil`am, bmy ul `gl`iptg
julomfiltme;e; aeafatmog. Em `emvi pmrm bm`irsi aeafatmog is oismpriloir supuistgs jmesgs. Fuy m
julomfiltm
filuog, lg eghrmfgs mehg pgrqui lgs bifgs `glvil`aog oi qui lg pgoifgs bm`ireg. Zgevmfgs m
Tghir Dmllastir pgr ul fgfiltg. _gogs egs oæms mltis oie : oi fmyg oi =19?, em hilti istmdm
mdsgeutmfilti sihurm oi qui ulm faeem oi filgs oi `umtrg falutgs istmdm fís meeí oie me`ml`i oi
ems `mpm`aomois bufmlms. @umriltm y sias oæms oispuás oi qui Dmllastir eg ba`airm, mehuail fís ei
hmlð ie taifpg y fís oi =.?>> `grriogris egs bml sihuaog. @grrir ulm faeem il filgs oi `umtrg
falutgs sahui sailog ulm bmzmým ixtrmgroalmram, pirg lg is ulm bmzmým afpgsadei. Ylm viz qui si
rgfpað ism "dmrrirm", fu`bgs eg eghrmrgl.

Iltgl`is, ·`ðfg iljriltmr ems `riil`ams eafatmltis7

EG ]YI EMP @TIIL@AMP EAFA_ML_IP BM@IL @GL LGPG_TGP

Ems `riil`ams eafatmltis m filuog si rivieml il luistrg oaíeghg altirlg, ism `glvirsm`aðl
altirlm qui si iljg`m il eg qui istís `glvil`aog bapg`risæm bm`ir il euhmr oi eg qui ym
sgdrismeil y eg qui vms m sihuar eghrmlog bgy y il ie juturg. ·@gl quá jri`uil`am ti
oitailis oi altiltmr bm`ir mehg g oi pirsihuar ul suiýg pgrqui ism vgz ti `glvil`i oi
qui istí juirm oi tu me`ml`i7 Pa istg suilm `gfg ustio, istí fuy eikgs oi istmr sgeg, pirg
tmfpg`g si istí bm`ailog lalhûl jmvgr.

―Zilafgs m isti fulog sal smdir sa em vaom is oajæ`ae g jí`ae, sa ie oalirg is is`msg g mdulomlti, sa
sgfgs afpgrtmltis g lg afpgrtmltis. Zifgs m ogs pirsglms qui eg smdil tgog; luistrgs pmoris "  = oakg
em ixpirtm il `mfdag oi `riil`ams Pbieey Eijcgi il luistrm iltrivastm oi pgo`mst. Egs pmoris sgl
luistrgs prafirgs fmistrgs, y mulqui prgdmdeifilti lg lgs ba`airgl omýg, mûl lgs meikmfgs oi
luistrm aljml`am `gl ems `riil`ams eafatmltis qui lgs al`ue`mrgl al`gls`ailtifilti. Ems `riil`ams
eafatmltis puioil oitilirti il ie `mfalg, al`eusg `umlog istís bm`ailog mehg il eg qui lgrfmefilti
oistm`ms. ·Mehulm viz bm tilaog em ixpirail`am oi istmr il ulm satum`aðl oi prisaðl il em qui
li`isatm bm`ir mehg qui hilirmefilti ei risuetm jí`ae; is`radar ul fifgrmlog g bm`ir ul `íe`ueg
rípaog, pgr ikifpeg, pirg em altilsaomo bm`i qui ouoi oi ustio fasfg7
 

·@uíltg jmeems il istm tmrim7 Ism is ulm `riil`am eafatmlti qui ti bm`i ritrg`ioir. Pa
puoairms smear oi tu `mdizm, lg tiloræms prgdeifms pmrm bm`ir ie trmdmkg, pirg tu vgz altiragr
ti `gljuloi.
Mbgrm, tgfi ism satum`aðl y ixtaálomem m ul sihfiltg `gfpeitg oi su vaom. _us
msparm`aglis prgjisaglmeis, tme viz, g tu bmdaeaomo pmrm bm`ir mfahgs. Pa sus `riil`ams
eafatmltis istíl il `gltrge, pgoræm il`gltrmrsi sufaog il ul dmkg riloafailtg, ym sim
prihultílogsi pgr quá lul`m si moiemltm g `glvil`aog oi qui lg eg firi`i.

Meixas, quail `gjuloð Cwac Eimrlalh `glfahg, tuvg oaja`uetmois pmrm mpriloir `umlog irm laým,
`gfg yg, pirg pgr rmzglis fuy oajiriltis. Ieem lm`að il @grim oie Pur oi pmoris ifpriloiogris qui
eu`bmrgl il egs lihg`ags. Lg tilæml fu`bg oalirg, pirg saifpri trmdmkmdml ourg pmrm eeihmr m jal oi
fis. Failtrms tilæm ul ti`bg sgdri su `mdizm, su jmfaeam oi `umtrg vavæm il ul sðtmlg oi ulm
bmdatm`aðl il @grim. Pu sihulog lihg`ag m`mdmdm oi jrm`msmr `umlog ri`adairgl ulm `mrtm oi egs
Istmogs Ylaogs oa`ailog qui su sgea`atuo oi vasm bmdæm saog mprgdmom, qui bmdæml prisiltmog saiti
mýgs mltis. Me dgroi oi em oisispirm`aðl, su jmfaeam pilsð qui istm irm ulm luivm gpgrtulaomo, pgr eg
qui tgfmrgl pristmog ie iquavmeilti oi $ 4,>>> y si juirgl m Istmogs Ylaogs.

Meixas lg smdæm ulm pmemdrm oi alheás `umlog eeihð. Jui ul `bgqui `ueturme tgtme; lg smdæm
eg qui si oi`æm m su merioiogr, y ems lgrfms `ueturmeis irml `gfpeitmfilti oajiriltis. Pus
pmoris tmfpg`g bmdemdml alheás, pgr eg qui tgogs eu`bmdml pgr `gfpriloir su luivg
fulog. Meixas si fmtra`ueð il em is`uiem `ir`m oi su luivg bghmr. Irm ulm istuoamlti
tæfaom i altrgvirtaom y, oidaog m qui lg smdæm ie aoagfm, m filuog si siltmdm sgem il em
fism oie mefuirzg g `gfæm il ie dmýg sgeg pmrm ivatmr siltarsi fmrhalmom.

Meixas tmroð sias mýgs il `gfpriloir rimefilti ie alheás, y tmltg egs laýgs `gfg egs fmistrgs oi
su is`uiem lg iltiloairgl pgr quá eu`bð ourmlti tmltg taifpg. Oispuás oi ul pmr oi mýgs, egs
`gfpmýirgs oi `emsi `gfilzmrgl m `rata`mrem pgr sir ul istuoamlti eiltg. "·]uá su`ioi `gltahg7"
"·Iris istûpaog7 "Iris rmrg", irml jrmsis qui is`u`bmdm `gl jri`uil`am `umlog irm laým.

Pus oaja`uetmois il em is`uiem al`eusg si ixtiloairgl m em iou`m`aðl jæsa`m, ie írim ogloi

mpmriltifilti lg li`isatmdm usmr fu`bms pmemdrms. Ieem ri`uirom bmdirsi siltmog il ems
hrmoms ripitaomfilti `gpamlog ems pmemdrms; "_rmirá fa rgpm oi haflmsam m `emsi". ^irg lg
tilæm aoim oi eg qui istmdm is`radailog, y lmoai eghrð `gfula`mrei qui li`isatmdm trmir ulm
fuom oi rgpm.
 

@umlog tilæm pg`g fís oi vialti mýgs, m Meixas ei `gstmdm fu`bg eiir ul eadrg oi moiemlti bm`am
mtrís. Ieem eu`bmdm `gl sus vg`is altirlms `mom viz qui altiltmdm mpriloir. Ylm vgz ogfalmlti
`rata`mdm `glstmltifilti y ouomdm oi sus bmdaeaomois, failtrms qui gtrm piquiým vgz `uistaglmdm
m ism `ræta`m. Mehg oiltrg oi ieem lg pgoæm m`iptmr pgr `gfpeitg em aoim oi qui irm "tgltm". Pus
pmoris trmdmkmrgl ourg pmrm omrei ulm sihulom gpgrtulaomo, y ieem lg pgoæm oijrmuomregs. Pa dail
budg fgfiltgs il egs qui saltað qui lg irm eg suja`ailtifil
suja`ailtifilti
ti duilm `gfg pmrm bm`ir mehg
ispi`ame il su vaom, tmfdaál budg fgfiltgs il egs qui istmdm sihurm oi qui tilæm qui bmdir fís
il em vaom qui safpeifilti m`iptmr sus `ar`ulstml`am
`ar`ulstml`ams.
s.

Pa Meixas pirfatað qui isms vg`is ixtirlms fgeoiil su rimeaomo, iltgl`is em bmdræm
oitilaog il si`g. Ieem lg bmdræm dus`mog sgeu`aglis m sus prgdeifms. Il `mfdag, dus`ð
rispuistms gdsirvmlog y mpriloailog oi egs oifís. Ieem `gfilzð m prihultmrsi quá istmdml
bm`ailog oi fmlirm oajirilti pmrm il`gltrmr ie áxatg y em jiea`aomo. ]uiræm smdir sa irm purm
suirti y hilag, g sa bmdæm ul fátgog oitrís oi isg. Il su dûsquiom pmrm mpriloir `ðfg tilir
áxatg, tirfalð il ulm oi fas prafirms `emsis. Lg istmdm sihurm oi il quá si istmdm
fitailog, pirg smdæm qui quiræm mehg oajirilti pmrm ieem, li`isatmdm siltar ulm silsm`aðl oi
ispirmlzm.

Il ie prafir oæm, `udrafgs em fifgram. Juirgl g`bg bgrms oi iltrilmfailtg altilsg, pirg me jalme oi
em sisaðl, Meixas si saltað rilgvmom i al`eusg ifg`aglmom pgr eg qui istmdm mpriloailog. "·Oi quá gtrm
jgrfm puiog usmr fa `iridrg7" Ieem si prihultð. ^gr prafirm viz il su vaom, lg si saltað eiltm y si
saltað iltusamsfmom pgr mpriloir.

Ie sihulog oæm jui tgog sgdri em ei`turm rípaom. Ala`amefilti lg istmdm iltusamsfmom `gl istg
oidaog m sus oismjægs mltiragris. ^irg `umlog Meixas mpriloað egs bídatgs altieahiltis oi ei`turm y
rimeazð egs ikir`a`ags oi ei`turm rípaom, si il`iloað ulm dgfdaeem. Oi ripilti vag ie pgtil`ame, i al`eusg
em oavirsaðl, oi eiir. Pi oag `uiltm oi qui lg irm oifmsamog eiltm g istûpaom pmrm iltiloir3 lul`m si
ei ilsiýð `ðfg mpriloir y usmr em supir`gfputmogrm iltri sus gæogs. @umlog ixpirafiltð ie pgoir
oie mpriloazmki, egs mýgs oi oaíeghg altirlg lihmtavg y `riil`ams eafatmltis pmsmrgl m ul sihulog
pemlg il su filti.

Oispuás oi ism `emsi, Meixas eiyð ul eadrg `gfpeitg pgr prafirm viz y si sgrpriloað
pgr eg fu`bg qui iltiloað, `uíltg ri`gromdm y `uíltg ei hustð em ixpirail`am.

Jui ul hrml pultg oi aljeixaðl il su vaom. ^msð oi ulm filtmeaomo eafatmom,

`riyilog qui "ems `gsms sgl `gfg sgl", me smdir qui pgoæm
 

`mfdamr y omr jgrfm m su filti pmrm me`mlzmr sus gdkitavgs. ^gr prafirm viz il su vaom,
`gfilzð m `riir il sæ fasfm i afmhalmr eg qui pgoræm sir pgsadei. Bgy, Meixas lg ribuyi
mpriloir mehg luivg. Ieem lg si sailti almoi`umom sa lg smdi mehg. Ieem smei m dus`mr
rispuistms y ems mpea`m. Oidaog m su pmsaðl pgr ie mpriloazmki, tmfdaál `gfilzð Cwac
Eimrlalh Gleali `glfahg pmrm `gfpmrtar em trmlsjgrfm`aðl qui ixpirafiltð `gl gtrgs il
tgogs egs pmæsis oie fulog. Il su eadrg
eadrg Fi_uaeadrauf,
 Fi_uaeadrauf, E  gs mutgris Kml Dru`i, ie Or. Mloriw
Pbmttá y ie Or. Momf ^irefml eemfml m isti tapg oi `riil`ams "`riil`ams a`idirh" oidaog m em
`mltaomo oi ieems qui si il`uiltrml oidmkg oi em supirja`ai oi luistrg sud`gls`ailti. "Ems
`riil`ams a`idirh istíl prgjulomfilti mrrmahmoms y pgoirgsms, y meafiltml luistrms
ifg`aglis", oa`il il ie eadrg. ―@umltg fís mrrmahmog istá ul a`idirh, fís istrmhgs `musmrí
il tu vaom. . . `rimlog ie `mgs oi su bgrmrag, gdstm`ueazmlog ie áxatg oi ulm oaitm g ivatmlog
mprgvi`bmr ems gpgrtulaomois ".

Q, quazís eg fís afpgrtmlti, oa`il; "Pa `gltrgemfgs luistrgs a`idirhs,

a`idirhs, hmlmfgs ul ilgrfi `mltaomo
oi `gltrge sgdri luistrgs siltafailtgs y luistrms vaoms. Oirritar ul a`idirh y tgogs egs iviltgs
pgstiragris qui `musm tmfdaál oismpmri`il ‖. 4
 

Em Orm. Killa`i Zaebmuir, oari`tgrm oie ^rghrmfm oi ^sa`gtirmpam pmrm Mouetgs

M ouetgs Mfduemtgrags
oi em Ylavirsaomo oi Ifgry il ie Oipmrtmfiltg oi ^saquamtræm y @ail`ams oie @gfpgrtmfailtg
oi em Jm`uetmo oi Fioa`alm, lgs ruihm qui lgs il`gltrifgs `mrm m `mrm `gl luistrg `ræta`g
altirlg, "em vgz il tu `mdizm qui ti kuzhm , ti ouom, ti filgspri`am, y `glstmltifilti ti oa`i
qui lg iris eg suja`ailtifilti duilg. _i oa`i `gsms pirkuoa`ameis lihmtavms, `gsms qui lul`m
sgýmræms oi`arei m lmoai fís. Pgy
fís. Pgy tml aoagtm3 Pgy ul jmrsmlti Lul`m bmhg lmom dail3 Lul`m
tilorá áxatg. 
áxatg. "

Ieem mhrihm; ―Ie `ræta`g altirlg lg is algjilsavg. _i albadi, ti eafatm y ti afpaoi sihuar

em
lgvaom qui rimefilti
eg `gltrgems quairis
pgr fu`bg vavar. _i rgdm em pmz filtme y ie dailistmr ifg`aglme y, sa
taifpg
 

suja`ailti, al`eusg puioi `glou`ar m prgdeifms hrmvis oi smeuo filtme `gfg oiprisaðl g mlsaiomo ". 0

Tivasifgs m luistrg supirbárgi jmeeaog oisoi ie `gfailzg oi isti `mpætueg. @airtmfilti tilæm
em fgtavm`aðl pmrm smevmr ie oæm. Q ieem `airtmfilti tilæm egs fátgogs pmrm smevmr ie oæm. ^irg eg
qui ieem lg tilæm irm em filtmeaomo. Pu `ræta`g altirlg em `glvil`að oi qui lg irm eg
suja`ailtifilti duilm, pgr eg qui si siltð me fmrhil saltailog eístafm oi sæ fasfm il euhmr oi
g`upmrsi oi egs lihg`ags. @airtmfilti, ulm `gl`eusaðl oi istm bastgram is qui luistrg supirbárgi
jmeeaog eg mrrualð. Pi oikð `mir il ul fgfiltg `ræta`g pgrqui lg pgoæm smear oi su prgpam `mdizm.
^irg bmy gtrg `gfpglilti fuy afpgrtmlti il istm bastgram; luistrg supirbárgi tilæm tgog oiltrg
oi ieem pmrm tilir áxatg. Pa tml sgeg budairm pgoaog privmei`ir sgdri ems `riil`ams qui em jrilmdml,
sus ixtrmgroalmrags tmeiltgs bmdræml draeemog.

Msæ oi afpgrtmlti is `glquastmr tus `riil`ams eafatmltis.

·]YÁ PY@IOI PA EI OAKI ]YI ITIP YL HILAG7

@umlog pailsms il hilags, ·quaális sgl ems prafirms pirsglms qui vailil m em filti7
Pupglhg qui Ialstial y Pbmcispimri istíl il tu eastm. Gtrgs puioil al`euar m Ptipbil
Bmwcalh, Daee * mtis, Fmrai @urai g Tutb Dmoir 
* * Alsdurh. Istgs lgfdris mpmri`il il em `mdizm oi fu`bms pirsglms pgrqui `mom ulg oi ieegs irm
ixtrmgroalmrag il egs tapgs oi altieahil`am qui tiloifgs m iquapmrmr `gl hilag. ·^irg istmdm EiDrgl
Kmfis il tu eastm7 ·]uá bmy oi Diygl`á7 G Gprmb7 ·G tu7

Lg siræm sgrpriloilti sa lg al`euyirms egs ûetafgs lgfdris il tu eastm. Em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs

tiloifgs m iquapmrmr hilag `gl ulm fioaom pmrta`uemr oi altieahil`am; A?. Ems pirsglms `gl A? oi
hrml tmfmýg sgl hilags, y ems pirsglms `gl A? filgris puioil sir duilms g al`eusg ix`ieiltis
il mehg, pirg lg si `glsaoirml hilags.

Pa istg suilm `gfg tu tapg oi pilsmfailtg, istís eikgs oi istmr sgeg il em oijala`aðl oi
hilag fuy, fuy istra`tmfilti. Al`eusg tgfmræm istg bmstm ie pultg oi suhirar qui em fmygræm oi
ems pirsglms oijalil ie hilag oi istm fmlirm. ^irg bmy ogs prgdeifms `gl isg. Ylm is qui ei
afpaoi mpri`amr ie hilag qui pgsii ulm hrml vmraiomo oi pirsglms. Em gtrm is qui pgoræm ivatmr
qui aoiltajaquis ie hilag il ta fasfg.
 

Bmy fûetapeis jgrfms oi hilag. Zmrags ixpirtgs oajairil il ie lûfirg, pirg si m`iptm
`gfûlfilti qui ie hilag si ixprism oi ulm oi ems `umtrg fmlirms. Mquæ bmy ulm
jgrfm oi vireg qui bm ixastaog ourmlti faeis oi mýgs;

Hilag oie oælmfg; Egs qui ixprisml su hilag m trmvás oi em `rimtavaomo y ems aoims.
Pbmcispimri jui ul hilag oi em oalmfg oidaog m su draeemltiz me alviltmr bastgrams qui lgs
`gltmrgl fu`bg sgdri lgsgtrgs fasfgs. * Meaeig irm ul hilag oi em oalmfg pgr em jgrfm il qui
pgoæm vir `gsms qui gtrgs lg pgoæml vir `umlog farmdm bm`am ie `aieg. Egs hilags Oylmfg sgl
mquieegs il egs qui pilsmfgs fís `gfûlfilti `umlog pilsmfgs il hilags.

Hilag oie rispemlogr; Mquieegs `uyg hilag si vuievi `emrg m trmvás oi su altirm``aðl `gl egs
oifís. Gprmb Xaljriy is ul hilag oi ems eemfms oidaog m su ixtrmgroalmram bmdaeaomo pmrm `gli`tmrsi
`gl egs `grmzglis, ems filtis y ems mefms oi ulm mfpeam hmfm oi aloavaougs. Ie hilag mroailti oi
Fmemem Qgusmjzma si ixprism m trmvás oi su bmdaeaomo pmrm bm`ir qui su bastgram sim riemtmdei m
pirsglms oi tgog ie fulog. Egs hilags oi Demzi tailoil m sir `gfula`mogris fmistrgs.

Hilag oi _ifPg; Mquieegs `uyg hilag si ixprism m trmvás oi su `mpm`aomo pmrm vir ie pmlgrmfm
hilirme y fmltilir ie rufdg. Liesgl Fmloiem irm ul hilag oie tifpg pgrqui irm `mpmz oi vir em
smdaouræm oi su vasaðl al`eusg mlti satum`aglis mdrufmogrms. Ie hilag oie tifpg oi em Fmori _irism
ei pirfatað afmhalmr fikgris `ar`ulstml`ams pmrm quailis em rgoimdml, al`eusg il egs fgfiltgs fís
gs`urgs. Egs hilags oie tifpg tailoil m `gfpriloir em vasaðl m emrhg pemzg oi fmlirms qui em
fmygræm oi egs qui egs rgoiml lg puioil iltiloir.

Hilag oie m`irg; Mquieegs qui sgl draeemltis il suomr ems `gsms piquiýms y bm`ir
mehg `gl egs oitmeeis qui gtrgs si piroairgl g lg puoairgl afmhalmr. Pirhiy Dral usð
su hilag me vir ie pgtil`ame oi hrmlois `mltaomois oi omtgs pmrm `gjulomr * gghei. Pa
eiis ie eadrg Fgliydmee 
eadrg Fgliydmee 
iltgl`is smdis qui Daeey Dimli y su pirsglme rioijalairgl ie dáasdge m trmvás oi su hilag il ie
prg`ismfailtg oi omtgs. M egs hilags oie m`irg eis il`mltm gdtilir tgom em aljgrfm`aðl qui puioil
gdtilir y tailil em vasaðl oi bm`ir mehg `gl ism aljgrfm`aðl qui em fmygræm oi egs oifís i`bml oi filgs.
 

CXAC P_MT_ 

·@uíe oaræms qui is tu hilag7 Is`rædieg.

Bmy fu`bms pgsadaeaomois

pgsadaeaomois oi qui tu prgpag hilag sim ulm `gfdalm`aðl oi ogs g fís oi
istgs. Fuy pg`gs oi lgsgtrgs sgfgs sgeg pirsglms oi omtgs g sgeg sgfgs ixpirtgs il sir
ifpíta`gs. ^irg eg qui is afpgrtmlti qui `gfprilom mquæ is qui ie hilag si ixtailoi fu`bg
fís meeí oi su `mpm`aomo pmrm sgdrismear il ie fulog m`moáfa`g g ri`atmr em tmdem piraðoa`m oi
`gfmlog, y qui taili hilag oiltrg oi ustio. Pa il`uiltrm sgrpriloilt
sgrpriloilti
i istm ûetafm oi`emrm`aðl,
is pgsadei qui oisii vgevir y rieiir mehulgs oi egs `mpætuegs mltiragris oi isti eadrg. Bm`irti
aeafatmog si trmtm oi oismtmr tu hilag allmtg. _me viz lg iris em oalmfg oi Pbmcispimri g ie
juihg oi Gprmb, pirg bmy ulm `gfdalm`aðl oi hilag oiltrg oi ta qui istí ispirmlog
ixprismrsi g ispirmlog ixprismrsi fís.
ixprismrsi fís. E  m `emvi is oikmreg eadri.

LG IP PGEG IL _Y @MDI[M
Mltis oi omrei mehulms birrmfailtms pmrm myuomreg m `mfdamr bm`am ulm filtmeaomo fís pgsatavm,
bmdeifgs pgr ul falutg sgdri em afpgrtml`am oie pilsmfailtg pgsatavg. Bmy `glixaglis `emrms iltri ie
pilsmfailtg pgsatavg y em smeuo jæsa`m. Il ul istuoag oi Kgbls Bgpcals, em Orm. Easm Qmlic ois`udrað
qui "ems pirsglms pgsatavms oi em pgdem`aðl hilirme tilæml ul =0 pgr `ailtg filgs oi prgdmdaeaomois
qui sus `gltrmpmrtis lihmtavms oi sujrar ul mtmqui `mroæm`g u gtrg iviltg `grglmrag". ? ?

Failtrms tmltg, em @eæla`m Fmyg siýmem qui ―Ie pilsmfailtg pgsatavg qui hilirmefilti vaili `gl ie
gptafasfg is ulm pmrti `emvi oie fmlikg iji`tavg oie istrás. Q ie fmlikg iji`tavg oie istrás istí
msg`amog `gl fu`bgs dilija`ags pmrm em smeuo ‖. Piýmeml qui istgs dilija`ags al`euyil;

Fmygr vaom ûtae Filgris tmsms oi

oiprisaðl Filgris lavieis oi

mlhustam

* * Tim``aðl oi risastil`am me risjramog `gfûl Fikgr

dailistmr psa`geðha`g y jæsa`g
 

Fikgr smeuo `mroagvms`uemr y filgr raishg oi fuirti pgr iljirfiomo

`mroagvms`uemr.

Fikgris bmdaeaomois oi mjrgltmfailtg ourmlti ems oaja`uetmois y egs fgfiltgs oi istrás.  9 9

TIJTMFALH EAFA_MOGT
@TIIL@AMP
Bmy ulm fitíjgrm qui saifpri bi il`gltrmog ûtae me myuomr m ems pirsglms m meikmrsi oi ems
`riil`ams eafatmltis. Eis oahg qui em oajiril`am iltri `riil`ams eafatmltis y ulm filtmeaomo
aeafatmom is `gfg em oajiril`am iltri ul tirfðfitrg y ul tirfgstmtg. Yl tirfðfitrg taili ulm
sgem jul`aðl; rim``aglmr me fioag mfdailti. Eii em tifpirmturm y lmom fís. Istg is safaemr m
`ðfg ems pirsglms rim``aglml `gfûlfilti m ems `riil`ams eafatmltis. Eiil su siltaog oi
ristra``aðl, rim``aglml oi fmlirm ristralhaom m isg y `glou`il sus vaoms oi fmlirm eafatmom.

^gr gtrg emog, ul tirfgstmtg faoi ie mfdailti y bm`i qui ie mfdailti rim``agli m áe. Pa ul
tirfgstmtg lgtm qui ulm bmdatm`aðl istí oifmsamog jræm g oifmsamog `meailti, `mfdam ie iltgrlg
pmrm momptmrsi me aoime pmrm ie qui istí `gljahurmog.
`gljahurmog. Oie fasfg fgog, sa il`uiltrm altiltgs ixtirlgs
g altirlgs oi afpglirei ristra``aglis, puioi m`tumr `gfg ul tirfgstmtg pmrm ri`bmzmr isms
`riil`ams eafatmltis y `rimr ul iltgrlg qui si mealii `gl sus gdkitavgs fís mfda`agsgs. Iltgl`is,
·`ðfg falafazms ems `riil`ams eafatmltis y oismrrgeems ulm filtmeaomo oi supirbárgi7 ^mrm fæ, bmy
tris eemvis.

@emvi =; Lgfdri sus `riil`ams eafatmltis

Bms vastg mehulgs ikifpegs mquæ oi `riil`ams eafatmltis, pirg bmy fu`bgs fís oi ogloi
prgvailil (y ripmsmrifgs ems saiti `riil`ams eafatmltis fís jri`uiltis sgdri ie mpriloazmki
il ul fgfiltg). Is pgsadei qui tilhml qui vir `gl tus tmeiltgs, tu `mrí`tir, tus riem`aglis,
tu iou`m`aðl g `umequair gtrm `gsm qui eeivi m susurrgs altirlgs oi qui lg puiois sir eg qui
quairis sir. @gfailzm m pristmr mtil`aðl mbgrm fasfg `mom viz qui ti oahms m ta fasfg qui
iris al`mpmz, al`eusg sa `riis qui istg il pmrta`uemr pgoræm lg sir `glsi`uil`am oi tu vaom.

^gr ikifpeg, tme viz ti oahms m ta fasfg qui iris tirradei `gltmlog `bastis. ]uazís istg lg sim
ul hrml prgdeifm pmrm ta, pgrqui sir ul duil drgfastm lg is ulm msparm`aðl pirsglme. ^irg tmfdaál
puioi istmr oa`aálogsi m sæ fasfg qui lg `rii qui sim iltritilaog, qui sim ulm duilm `gfpmýæm
 g qui sim mhrmomdei

`gfpmýirg3 y isi tapg oi oaíeghg altirlg il ûetafm alstml`am puioi bm`ir qui ogdei ifdrmhui
`umlog si il`uiltri il ulm satum`aðl sg`ame afpgrtmlti g `umlog li`isati bmdemr jrilti m ul
hrupg. ^gr eg tmltg, is`u`bi mtiltmfilti `mom viz qui si il`uiltri usmlog jrmsis `gfg "Lg
puiog", "Lg sgy" g "Lg eg bmhg". _i istís ilvamlog filsmkis qui istíl mji`tmlog em jgrfm il
qui pailsms sgdri tu vaom il hilirme, al`eusg sa eg qui ti istís `mstahmlog is mehg ispi`æja`g y
mpmriltifilti lg is afpgrtmlti pmrm tu oijala`aðl.

Me fasfg taifpg, altilti tmfdaál aoiltaja`mr ie grahil oi isti tapg oi oaíeghg altirlg. Ems `riil`ams eafatmltis
m filuog `gfailzml il em aljml`am. Isg lg sahlaja`m mutgfíta`mfilti qui su jmfaeam sim su ûla`m juilti. Egs
iltgrlgs sg`ameis tifprmlgs puioil `musmr `riil`ams eafatmltis, me ahume qui ems ixpirail`ams tifprmlms `gl em
iou`m`aðl. Mehulgs pgoræml mpgoirmrsi safpeifilti pgrqui mehg lg ti jui dail ems prafirms vi`is qui eg
altiltmsti `umlog irms laýg.

Pir `gls`ailti oi `ðfg ti istís `gltilailog `gl tu oaíeghg altirlg y oioa`mr mehg oi taifpg m eeihmr
m em juilti oi istms `riil`ams is ixtrifmomfilti eadirmogr, pgrqui ulm viz qui ti oms `uiltm, puiois
`gfilzmr m omrti `uiltm oi qui lg sgl bi`bgs sgdri ta, salg fís dail gpalaglis  Q bmy ulm fuy duilm
pgsadaeaomo oi qui isms gpalaglis istál iquavg`moms.

Ylm viz qui aoiltajaqui ems vg`is il su `mdizm qui si `iltrml il eg qui lg puioi bm`ir,
`gfail`i m rispgloirems. @umlog ti il`uiltrms pilsmlog; "Paifpri mrrualg isti tapg oi `gsms",
rispglog `gl; "Pgeg pgrqui lg saifpri bi saog duilg il istg il ie pmsmog lg sahlaja`m qui lg
puiom sir duilg il isg mbgrm". Humrom tus gpalaglis pmrm ta fasfg.

@emvi 4; eeihmr m egs bi`bgs

Ylm oi ems tarmlæms julomfiltmeis oi ems `riil`ams eafatmltis is qui, il fu`bgs `msgs,
safpeifilti istíl iquavg`moms. Is ustio Oi
ustio  Oi Ziromo tirradei me bmdemr il pûdea`g7 Is ustio Oi
ustio Oi
Ziromo fme pmrm eaoirmr ul hrupg7 Is ustio Oi
ustio Oi Ziromo em pirsglm filgs altirismlti il em bmdatm`aðl
ogloi quairm qui istás7 ·@uíe is em ivaoil`am pmrm mpgymr isg7 ·@uíltms vi`is bms istmog il
istms satum`aglis y `uíeis bml saog egs risuetmogs7
 
 

Ylm oi ems `gsms fís pirla`agsms sgdri ems `riil`ams eafatmltis is qui kuihml fuy juirtifilti
il luistrms ifg`aglis. @umlog ti tgpms `gl ulm `riil`am eafatmlti, is prgdmdei qui il`uiltris isms
`riil`ams il huirrm, y hilirmefilti hmlmogrms, `gltrm tu sir rm`aglme. ^irg, ·`uíltg oi isti oaíeghg
altirlg taili ulm dmsi il em rimeaomo7 ^ilsmr il
tu ixpirail`ams bmdemlog il pûdea`g (ul
faiog ixtrmgroalmramfilti `gfûl, pgr `airtg). Il euhmr oi `iltrmrsi il `ðfg si saltað il istgs
`msgs, `glsaoiri `ðfg juirgl ems `gsms. ·Juasti mdu`bimog juirm oie is`ilmrag7 ·Em hilti si
ti m`ir`ð pmrm riærti y oi`arti eg bgrradei qui irms7 ·_u kiji ti siltð me oæm sahuailti pmrm
oi`arti qui quirræms `glsaoirmr ulm `mrrirm il em qui lul`m tuvairms qui prglul`amr ulm
pmemdrm7 Pupglhg qui lalhulm oi istms `gsms su`ioað. Il `mfdag, is prgdmdei qui tu
muoail`am si sailtm `gli`tmom `gl eg qui istmdms oa`ailog. Pa jui il ul iltgrlg prgjisaglme, tme
viz istmdml tgfmlog lgtms, y `msa `gl sihuraomo eis ilsiýð mehg. ·Pahlaja`m istg qui tu
prðxafg oas`ursg oidiræm istmr il _IO7 ^gr supuistg lg. ^irg oijalatavmfilti sahlaja`m qui
prgdmdeifilti sim fu`bg fikgr pmrm trmlsfatar aljgrfm`aðl
aljgrfm`aðl m ul hrupg oi eg qui ism vgz il
su `mdizm ei oa`i qui is.

Q euihg istí istm prihultm; ·@uíltg oi fa pgdri oisifpiýg pir`adaog si oidað m qui
fa oaíeghg altirlg lg fi oikmdm sgeg7 Isti is ul prgdeifm rime pmrm fu`bms pirsglms.
Istmríl il fioag oi bm`ir mehg il eg qui eis jmetm `gljamlzm, y ie `ræta`g altirlg si vgevirí
tml fgeistg qui lg pgoríl `gl`iltrmrsi il eg qui istíl bm`ailog. . . y pgr eg tmltg lg eg
bm`is fuy dail. Istm is ulm oi ems rmzglis pgr ems `umeis is tml afpgrtmlti mpriloir m
iljriltmr y `mefmr sus `riil`ams eafatmltis. @umltg fikgr sims il istg, fikgr sirís `mpmz
oi fmltilir ems oastrm``aglis ourmlti tus fmygris oismjægs oi `ri`afailtg.

Iltgl`is, `umlog istá ixmfalmlog egs bi`bgs oitrís oi sus `riil`ams eafatmltis, msihûrisi oi
`glsaoirmr ogs `gsms; sa il rimeaomo bmy mehulm ivaoil`am qui oifuistri qui rimefilti istí
gdstm`ueazmog il istm írim i al`eusg sa ism ivaoil`am istmdm `gltmfalmom pgr ie ruaog il su `mdizm.

@emvi 0; @rimr ulm luivm `riil`am

Mbgrm qui ei bm omog ul lgfdri m sus `riil`ams eafatmltis y mbgrm qui bm ixmfalmog
`uaomogsmfilti
`uaomogsmfi lti em rimeaomo oi isms `riil`ams, is bgrm oi omr ie pmsg fís isil`ame; hilirmr ulm

luivm `riil`am qui sim fís viromoirm qui ems filtarms.

 

bms istmog m`iptmlog y dilija`amlog m egs aeafatmogs qui istís `rimlog.

Zirí isti prg`isg il jul`aglmfailtg il ie prðxafg `mpætueg, pirg bmhífgseg mbgrm fasfg.
Oahmfgs qui ulm oi sus `riil`ams eafatmltis is qui saifpri si quiom `grtg il egs fgfiltgs
fís afpgrtmltis oi su vaom. Oispuás oi bmdir aoiltaja`mog isg `gfg ulm `riil`am eafatmlti,
bm omog ie pmsg oi ixmfalmr egs bi`bgs. Eg qui si om `uiltm is qui, sa dail g`msaglmefilti
bm su`ufdaog me lirvagsasfg il fgfiltgs oi prisaðl, fuy pg`gs oi istgs `msgs bml saog
oismstrgsgs pmrm ustio y, me ixmfalmreg, puioi pilsmr il vmrams g`msaglis il ems qui
"mtrmvisð ie ifdrmhui". Oi bi`bg, mbgrm qui rimefilti eg pailsms, bms tilaog áxatg fu`bg
fís m filuog oi eg qui bms jmeemog.

Iltgl`is, mbgrm is ie fgfiltg oi `rimr ulm luivm `riil`am. Il isti `msg, su luivm `riil`am siræm
qui lmoai trauljm il em `gyulturm fís `ræta`m ie =>> pgr `ailtg oi ems vi`is, salg qui oidi istmr
grhueegsg oi sæ fasfg pgr em `mltaomo oi vi`is qui si oisifpiýð fikgr `umlog em prisaðl jui fís metm.
Istm luivm `riil`am supemltm `gfpeitmfilti em mltahum `riil`am, istí tgtmefilti rispmeomom pgr egs
bi`bgs y ei dralom ulm filtmeaomo fu`bg fís smeuomdei em prðxafm viz qui si prisilti ulm satum`aðl
`ræta`m.

_ilhg ulm birrmfailtm fís pmrm qui usis mquæ. Bi bmdemog `gl fu`bgs ixpirtgs m
eg emrhg oi egs mýgs, y em `glvirsm`aðl m filuog vuievi m eg fasfg; saifpri y `umlog
`rims qui tu `ræta`g altirlg is em vgz oie viromoirg tû, ie fís smdag, saifpri ti huamrí.
Fu`bgs oi lgsgtrgs al`eusg utaeazmfgs jrmsis `gfg "Fi `glgz`g m fæ fasfg y. . . "
mltis oi mlul`amr ulm `riil`am eafatmlti. ^irg sa puioi `rimr ulm pirsglm sipmrmom
pmrm su `ræta`g altirlg, ulm qui sim oajirilti oie viromoirg yg, tilorí fu`bg fís áxatg
pmrm `mefmrem. Istg puioi sir oi hrml myuom y puioi oavirtarsi `gl áe me fasfg
taifpg. * Omei m tu `ræta`g altirlg ul lgfdri mdsurog y mtradutgs jæsa`gs is`mlomegsgs.
Bmzeg `mra`mturis`g i aloahlg al`eusg oi ulm pieæ`uem oi hrmog D. Duremrsi oi áe pgr su
ræhaom oioa`m`aðl m em lihmtavaomo. ^gl egs gkgs il deml`g `umlog ti `mahml il em
`mdizm.

EMP ^GPADAEAOMOIP PI BM@IL AEAFA_MOMP

 

Mbgrm qui smdi `ðfg `glquastmr sus `riil`ams eafatmltis,

eaf atmltis, puioi `gfilzmr m pglir il prí`ta`m su
filtmeaomo pgsatavm il su dûsquiom oi sir aeafatmog. Isg puioi sglmr `gfg ul peml muomz, pirg
bmy fu`bm ivaoil`am pmrm mpgymr em `glixaðl iltri em filtmeaomo y ie eghrg. Ylg oi fas alvatmogs
me pgo`mst, Kmfis @eimr, ie Liw
ie Liw Qgrc _afis mutgr fís viloaog oi Bídatgs Mtðfa`gs m quail
vgevirís m vir fís moiemlti il isti eadrg,
e adrg, is`radað sgdri ul istuoag rimeazmog pgr em Orm. Dmrdmrm
Jriora`csgl, alvistahmogrm oi psa`geghæm pgsatavm oi em Ylavirsaomo oi @mrgealm oie Lgrti. ^rijarað
su `glvirsm`aðl sudrmymlog eg qui ems ifg`aglis lihmtavms lgs bm`il, usmlog ie ikifpeg oi
il`gltrmrsi `gl ul tahri il ie dgsqui. "Egs alvistahmogris smdil oisoi bm`i taifpg qui ems
ifg`aglis lihmtavms prghrmfml su `iridrg pmrm qui rimea`i ulm m``aðl ispi`æja`m", siýmeð.
―@umlog isi tahri si `ruzm il tu `mfalg, pgr ikifpeg, `grris. Ie ristg oie fulog lg afpgrtm.
Istís iljg`mog `gfpeitmfilti il ie tahri, ie faiog qui `rim y `ðfg puiois meikmrti oi áe ‖.  : : Ie
pultg qui @eimr istí bm`ailog is qui ems ifg`aglis lihmtavms lgs eeivml m riou`ar ie rmlhg oi eg
qui sgfgs `mpm`is oi bm`ir. Pi trmtm oi meikmrsi oie tahri (fitmjðra`g), y lmom fís afpgrtm. Pa
oikmfgs qui ems ifg`aglis lihmtavms (`gfg ems `riil`ams eafatmltis)
e afatmltis) lgs `gltrgeil, istmfgs
gpirmlog rihuemrfilti il fgog oi supirvavil`am y, pgr eg tmltg, eafatmogs m ul rmlhg riou`aog oi
pgsadaeaomois.

Eg qui ois`udrað ie Or. Jriora`csgl is qui ulm filtmeaomo pgsatavm `glou`i

pri`asmfilti me risuetmog gpuistg. Ieem `rið ul ixpirafiltg ogloi egs pmrta`apmltis si
oavaoairgl il `al`g hrupgs y si eis prisiltmrgl `eaps oi pieæ`uem. Ie prafir hrupg vag `eaps
qui prgvg`mrgl meihræm. Ie sihulog vag `eaps qui prgvg`mrgl smtasjm``aðl.
smtasjm``aðl. Ie tir`irg vag
`eaps qui hilirmrgl faiog y ie `umrtg `eaps qui hilirmrgl arm. Ie qualtg hrupg jui ie hrupg
`gltrge. Oispuás oi bmdir vastg egs vaoigs, si eis paoað m egs pmrta`apmltis qui afmhalmrml
satum`aglis safaemris m eg qui m`mdmdml oi vir y `ðfg rim``aglmræml mlti istms
satum`aglis. Euihg si eis paoað qui `gfpeitmrml ul jgrfuemrag qui tilæm 4> aloa`m`aglis
qui `gfilzmrgl `gl "Fi hustmræm". Ems pirsglms qui ixpirafiltmrgl faiog y ilgkg
is`radairgl em filgr `mltaomo oi rispuistms, failtrms qui ems qui ixpirafiltmrgl meihræm
y smtasjm``aðl ilufirmrgl fu`bg fís qui al`eusg ie hrupg oi `gltrge. "Il gtrms pmemdrms, 8
8

Eg qui tmfdaál is isil`ame tilir il `uiltm is qui egs dilija`ags oi ulm filtmeaomo pgsatavm si ixtailoil
fu`bg fís meeí oi em ixpirail`am oi ulm ifg`aðl pgsatavm. @eimr gjri`i isti ikifpeg;
 

Yl laýg qui `grri mjuirm, `geufpaílogsi il ems rmfms y kuhmlog `gl mfahgs, oismrrgeem
em bmdaeaomo oi fgvirsi mteáta`mfilti (bmdaeaomois jæsa`ms), eme m bmdaeaomo oi kuhmr `gl gtrgs y
`gfula`mrsi `gl ul iquapg (bmdaeaomois sg`ameis), y em bmdaeaomo oi ixpegrmr y ixmfalmr
fulog m su merioiogr (bmdaeaomois `rimtavms). Oi istm fmlirm, ems ifg`aglis pgsatavms oie
 kuihg y em meihræm afpuesml me laýg m oismrrgeemr bmdaeaomois qui sglsgl ûtaeis y vmeagsms il em
vaom `gtaoamlm. . . . Em jiea`aomo qui prgfgvað em ixpegrm`aðl y em `rim`aðl oi luivms
bmdaeaomois bm`i taifpg qui tirfalð, pirg ems bmdaeaomois fasfms
fa sfms `gltalûml. 2

Jriora`csgl si rijairi m istg `gfg em tigræm oi "mfpeamr y `glstruar" pgrqui ems ifg`aglis pgsatavms mfpeamr
tu siltaog oi ems pgsadaeaomois y mdri tu filti, eg qui m su viz ti pirfati `glstruar Luivms bmdaeaomois
y ri`ursgs qui puioil prgpgr`aglmr vmegr il gtrms írims oi su vaom.
v aom.

Em tigræm, kultg `gl em alvistahm`aðl rivasmom mquæ, suhairi qui ems ifg`aglis pgsatavms; (a)
mfpeæml em mtil`aðl y ie pilsmfailtg oi ems pirsglms3 (aa) oisbm`ir em ix`atm`aðl ifg`aglme
lihmtavm pirsastilti3 (aaa) afpuesmr em risastil`am psa`geðha`m3 (av) `glstruar ri`ursgs pirsglmeis
`glsi`uiltis3 (v) oisil`moilmr isparmeis ms`iloiltis bm`am ul fmygr dailistmr il ie
juturg3 y (va) sifaeems oi jegri`afailtg bufmlg. Em tigræm tmfdaál eeivm ul afpgrtmlti
a fpgrtmlti filsmki
pris`raptavg. Ems pirsglms oidil `uetavmr ifg`aglis pgsatavms il sus prgpams vaoms y il ems
vaoms oi egs qui ems rgoiml, lg sgeg pgrqui bm`ireg egs bm`i siltar dail il ie fgfiltg, salg
tmfdaál pgrqui bm`ireg trmlsjgrfm m ems pirsglms pmrm fikgr y ems pgli il `mfalg bm`am
ulm vaom jegri`ailti y smeuomdei. eglhivaomo. 1 1

Em luivm filtmeaomo qui surhi oi saeil`amr m tu `ræta`g

`ræt a`g altirlg ti prisiltm ul fulog oi
pgsadaeaomois. @umlog istí surhailog `gl ifg`aglis pgsatavms, istí vailog, y mprgvi`bmlog,
gpgrtulaomois qui quazís lul`m mltis bmym lgtmog. Q `gl ul metg siltaog oi fgtavm`aðl (y, il
rimeaomo, ·`ðfg pgoræm lg istmr fgtavmog pgr istg7) Q egs fátgogs `grri`tgs, istí il ie `mfalg
oi eeihmr m sir prí`ta`mfilti aeafatmog.

Mltis oi sihuar moiemlti

 

^mrm mpriloir fís rípaog, oidifgs trms`iloir em oijala`aðl eafatmom oi eg qui `riifgs qui is pgsadei
pmrm lgsgtrgs fasfgs. Il ems sahuailtis píhalms, mpriloirí sgdri ems saiti filtarms oi mpriloazmki qui
sgl ems `riil`ams eafatmltis fís `gfulis qui oitailil m ems pirsglms. Bi vastg m istuoamltis y `eailtis
mjirrmrsi m istms `riil`ams m eg emrhg oi fas oá`moms oi ilsiýmr m ems pirsglms m mpriloir. Istms
ristra``aglis sgl em ûla`m dmrrirm rime qui iljriltm. Oispuás oi tgog, ems pirsglms lg puioil mpriloir
m eiir fís rípaog sa `riil qui lg is pgsadei. Lg puioil mpriloir m fifgrazmr ems `gsms oi fmlirm
fís ija`ailti sa si sahuil oa`ailog m sæ fasfgs qui tailil fmem fifgram. _gog eg oifís iltrm il su
euhmr ulm viz qui smehm oie trml`i oi istms eemfmoms "eafatm`aglis". Me mdgromr istms filtarms,
mdgromrís egs degquis `iltrmeis qui ti afpaoil sir aeafatmog. Mquæ bmy mehulms `gsms pmrm prgdmr mltis
oi pmsmr me sahuailti `mpætueg.

^ailsi il ul fgfiltg il qui vag m mehuail eghrmr mehg qui rimefilti eg

afprisaglð. Mbgrm pailsi il em alsparm`aðl pirsglme qui puioi sm`mr oi isg.

Tiafmhalm m tu `ræta`g altirlg. @mfdam egs mtradutgs oi istm vgz il tu `mdizm pmrm qui
`gfail`is m omrei filgs `ráoatg.

@mrm mdmkg ulm `riil`am

`r iil`am eafatmlti il isti fgfiltg. ·]uá ti oa`is m ta fasfg rihuemrfilti7
rihuemrfilti7 bapg`risæm
 bapg`risæm
·bm`ir7 Il`uiltrm em ivaoil`am qui ti fuistrm qui istm `riil`am lg is `airtm.
 
 

::

Ems 8 filtarms
TLALH 
·@uíeis sgl egs fatgs fís eafatmltis qui ti `uiltms m ta fasfg7

·@ðfg puiois supirmr ie iji`tg oidaeatmlti oi istgs fatgs7

·@ðfg puiois `glvirtar m istgs `riyiltis eafatmltis il sgsatavgs7

_i istíl faltailog. @glstmltifilti. M vi`is sgeg. _gogs istmfgs sukitgs m ul jeukg altirfalmdei oi
aljgrfm`aðl irrðlim sgdri luistrms eafatm`aglis m luistrms `mpm`aomois, y ri`adafgs istm aljgrfm`aðl
`gl tmltm jri`uil`am qui em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lg tilifgs gtrm gp`aðl qui `riireg. Ie prgdeifm is
qui istgs filsmkis si gpglil oari`tmfilti m su dûsquiom pmrm eeihmr m sir aeafatmog. Istms aoims
eafatmoms iltritilaoms (EAI) il luistrm filti puioil oitilirlgs g huamrlgs il ulm oari``aðl qui lg
quirifgs. Iltgl`is, trmahmfgs saiti m em euz, ixmfæliegs pgr eg qui sgl y riifpeí`iegs `gl mehg

fikgr.

FIL_ATM LG =; EM AL_IEAHIL@AM IP_Í JAKM

Il em supirja`ai, pmri`æm qui Tmi irm ulm pirsglm dmstmlti pgsatavm; tilæm su prgpag lihg`ag, ulm
rio sg`ame prðspirm y ei il`mltmdm istmr rgoimom oi pirsglms `gl hrmlois aoims qui puoairml
afmhalmr pgsadaeaomois `gl ems qui em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lg sgýmræm.

@umlog Tmi tuvg ulm bakm, si oag `uiltm oi qui tme viz lg irm tml pgsatavm `gfg pilsmdm qui
irm. Yl tapg oajirilti oi filtmeaomo `gfilzð m mpmri`ir oi fmlirms fuy sutaeis, `gfg eg bm`il
istms `gsms. ^rafirg jui pgr em jgrfm il qui rim``aglð m mehulms oi ems `gsms qui bazg su
piquiým. Tmi tiloæm m pilsmr qui "msæ is `gfg is", il euhmr oi `riir qui pgoræm tilir ul
 

iji`tg il em jgrfm il qui si `gfpgrtð su bakm. @umlog su `gfpmýirg altiltð ilsiýmrei `gsms
luivms m su bakm, Tmi lgtð qui siltæm ulm sutae al`gfgoaomo, `gfg sa quasairm prgtihir m su
bakm oi em oi`ip`aðl sa lg pgoæm mpriloir eg qui ei istmdml ilsiýmlog. Pi oag `uiltm oi em
`glstmlti aoim oi qui su bakm irm "oifmsamog kgvil pmrm mpriloir isg".

Yl oæm, su `gfpmýirg em farð y oakg; "·@riis qui lg puioi mpriloir, qui lul`m vm
m fikgrmr oi ogloi istí7" Em rispuistm, pgr supuistg, lg irm; mfmdm m su bakm, y em
laým irm draeemlti y `uragsm y mpriloæm mehg luivg tgogs egs oæms. Eg `gltrmrag irm
gdvamfilti `airtg. . . y, sal ifdmrhg, Tmi irm `gls`ailti oi qui bmdæm ulm `riil`am
iltirrmom il su altiragr qui susurrmdm; "Lg, ieem is `gfg is". Tmi istmdm eu`bmlog
`gl ulm filtmeaomo jakm sgdri em altieahil`am oi su bakm. Istms `riil`ams sgl
al`riædeifilti sutaeis. ^g`gs oi lgsgtrgs pilsmfgs `gls`ailtifilti il luistrms
ristra``aglis g il ems ristra``aglis qui `riifgs qui gtrgs tailil. ^irg si jaetrm il
euhmris qui mji`tml prgjulomfilti luistrm jiea`aomo; il luistrg trmdmkg, il luistrm
vaom bghmriým y `gl luistrgs bakgs. Pa `riifgs qui lg is pgsadei fikgrmr, iltgl`is il
rimeaomo lg sirí pgsadei fikgrmr.

@mrge Owi`c, prgjisgrm oi psa`geghæm il em Ylavirsaomo oi Ptmljgro, ois`radi em oajiril`am iltri ulm
filtmeaomo jakm y ulm filtmeaomo oi `ri`afailtg;

Il ulm filtmeaomo jakm, egs istuoamltis `riil qui sus bmdaeaomois dísa`ms, su altieahil`am, sus
tmeiltgs, sgl sgeg rmshgs jakgs. _ailil ulm `airtm `mltaomo y isg is tgog, y euihg su gdkitavg is
virsi dail tgog ie taifpg y lul`m pmri`ir tgltg. Il ulm filtmeaomo oi `ri`afailtg, egs
istuoamltis iltailoil qui sus tmeiltgs y bmdaeaomois si puioil oismrrgeemr m trmvás oie isjuirzg,
em duilm ilsiýmlzm y em pirsastil`am. Lg li`ismramfilti pailsml qui tgogs sgl ahumeis g qui
`umequairm puioi sir Ialstial, pirg `riil qui tgogs puioil sir fís altieahiltis sa trmdmkml il
ieeg. =

Me ahume qui Tmi, em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lg pilsmfgs sa tilifgs ulm filtmeaomo jakm g oi
`ri`afailtg. Em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs bifgs sihuaog pilsmlog il egs fasfgs pmtrglis qui luistrm
jmfaeam, sal saquairm smdireg. _ml sutae `gfg is istg, em mogp`aðl oi ulg u gtrg mji`tm prgjulomfilti em
jgrfm il qui mdgromfgs em vaom. @gl em filtmeaomo jakm, ems `gsms sgl `gfg ssgl;
gl; sgfgs al`mpm`is oi
 

`ífdamegs. @gl em filtmeaomo oi `ri`afailtg, tilifgs em `mpm`aomo oi fikgrmr `umequair `gsm.

Pa Tmi pailsm, al`eusg il ul lavie fuy sutae, qui su bakm lg puioi fikgrmr la `ri`ir,
·quá bm`i il euhmr oi ilsiýmrei7 ^rgdmdeifilti ulm sirai oi `gsms; mpem`mr, omr taifpgs
fuirtgs, oisvamr em mtil`aðl. _gogs ieegs trmdmkml pmrm meavamr ie istrás oie fgfiltg, pirg
lg `gltraduyil me `ri`afailtg oi su bakg. Oie fasfg fgog, sa `gfg mouetgs `riifgs qui lg
tilifgs em `mpm`aomo oi mpriloir, ·quá bm`ifgs il euhmr oi msufar em rispglsmdaeaomo oi
ilsiýmrlgs eg qui quirifgs g li`isatmfgs smdir7 Lgs oi`afgs qui lg is li`ismrag,
alviltmfgs ix`usms, `uepmfgs m gtrms pirsglms g `ar`ulstml`ams, y euihg lgs oastrmifgs
`gl `gsms qui lgs bm`il siltar dail.

Em hálisas oi istm `riil`am eafatmlti is prgdmdeifilti ulm qui lg ri`uiroms g qui surhað oi
tus prafirgs mýgs. Q taili ul prgjulog iji`tg il em jgrfm il qui vis em altieahil`am y tu
`mpm`aomo oi mpriloir. Egs pultmkis A? y ems pruidms si `rimrgl m pral`apags oi =1>> pmrm
ivmeumr fikgr quá istuoamltis ixpirafiltmræml em fmygr oaja`uetmo il em is`uiem. Ie psa`ðeghg
jrml`ás Mejrio Dalit y su meuflg _bigogri Pafgl juirgl mehulgs
mehulgs oi egs prafirgs `ailtæja`gs il
prisiltmr ulm pruidm qui faoað em altieahil`am oispuás oi qui si eis il`mrhð bm`ireg pmrm ie
hgdairlg jrml`ás. 4 ^uoairgl aoimr ulm pruidm qui tgfmdm il `glsaoirm`aðl em iomo il riem`aðl
`gl em `gfpitil`am. _mfdaál juirgl ieghamogs pgr ie bi`bg oi qui em pruidm irm jí`aefilti
momptmdei m gtrgs aoagfms y `ueturms. 0

Fís oi =>> mýgs oispuás, tgomvæm si oidmti sa istms pruidms tailil em `mpm`aomo oi fioar em

altieahil`am, qui is em `mpm`aomo oi moquarar y msafaemr `glg`afailtg i aljgrfm`aðl. @uragsmfilti,

@uragsmfilti, ie
prgpag Dalit lg istmdm `gltiltg `gl em jgrfm il qui si utaeazð su pruidm pgrqui lg fioæm em
`rimtavaomo g em altieahil`am ifg`aglme. ? ? Moifís, luistrm `gfprilsaðl `ueturme oi istms pruidms
sahlaja`m qui ei omfgs m istgs pultmkis ul pisg aloidaog. _iloifgs m pilsmr il egs pultmkis A?
`gfg ul rijeikg jakg oi luistrm altieahil`am, pirg isti lg is ie `msg. Em pruidm A? il rimeaomo faoi
ems `mpm`aomois m`moáfa`ms m`tumeis, lg em altieahil`am allmtm.  9 9 Bmstm ie oæm oi bgy, ems pruidms A?
mûl lg faoil em `rimtavaomo g em altieahil`am prí`ta`m (eg qui si puioi `glsaoirmr `gfg "altieahil`am
`meeikirm"), y `airtmfilti lg faoil em altieahil`am ifg`aglme : :  ‟Egs tris sgl `mom viz fís
afpgrtmltis il ie euhmr oi trmdmkg y il em vaom.
 

Em oastal`aðl afpgrtmlti mquæ is ri`gromr em oajiril`am iltri egs pultmkis oi egs ixífilis y su `mpm`aomo oi
mpriloir. "Mquieegs qui mjarfml qui A? istí jakmog pmrm tgom em vaom, oi bi`bg, si istíl rijarailog m luistrgs
pultmkis il egs ixífilis A?, qui sgl riemtavmfilti istmdeis, lg m luistrgs lavieis oi altieahil`am, qui
mufiltml `glstmltifilti", oa`i Dryml Tg`bi oi em Ylavirsaomo Lm`aglme oi Aremlom.  8 8

Omvao Pbilc prgfuivi istm aoim il su eadrg, Ie hilag il tgogs lgsgtrgs. 

lgsgtrgs.Á  e is`radi qui
tgogs tailil ie pgtil`ame oi hilag, g me filgs, hrmloizm. ^irg em rmzðl pgr em qui prijirafgs
`riir qui sgfgs hilags g lg, g qui sgfgs tmeiltgsgs g lg, is pgrqui lgs eadirm oi em
rispglsmdaeaomo oi tgfmr ie `gltrge oi luistrm prgpam vaom. ―Em `riil`am il egs oglis y eæfatis
allmtgs is fu`bg fís mfmdei `gl em psaqui; em rmzðl pgr em qui lg iris ul hrml `mltmlti oi
ðpirm is pgrqui lg puiois sireg. Ism is safpeifilti em jgrfm il qui jui `gli`tmog. ^ilsmr
il ie tmeiltg `gfg allmtg bm`i qui luistrg fulog sim fís fmlikmdei, fís `ðfgog. Meavam m
ulm pirsglm oi em `mrhm oi em ixpi`tmtavm ‖. 2

Pu altieahil`am lg sgeg is fmeimdei salg qui oipiloi oi su `mpm`aomo pmrm `uetavmr ulm
filtmeaomo oi `ri`afailtg. @gfailzm m farmr tu m`tatuo. Is`u`bm em jgrfm il qui bmdems3 Ylm
filtmeaomo jakm hilirmefilti mpmri`i il su aoagfm. _me viz ti oahms m ta fasfg; "Lg sgy duilg
eiyilog". Isti tapg oi mjarfm`aðl afpea`m qui ustio `rii qui istm is ulm satum`aðl jakm y qui sus
bmdaeaomois lg puioil
puioil fikgrmrsi. Il `mfdag, trmti oi oi`ar mehg `gfg "Istg is mehg il eg qui lg
sgy duilg" tgomvæm.
duilg" tgomvæm. "  Isti `mfdag oi aoagfm si puioi mpea`mr m `umequair `gsm qui oisii fikgrmr.

Egs pultmkis oi egs ixífilis lg oitirfalml su juturg. Lg oitirfalml eg qui iris

`mpmz oi mpriloir y eghrmr. _gfm tu iou`m`aðl il tus prgpams fmlgs.

Mquæ istí em viromo; Lg is eg altieahilti qui iris3 msæ is `gfg iris altieahilti. Ixastil
fûetapeis tapgs oi altieahil`am (fís sgdri istg fís moiemlti). @gfg tmltms gtrms `gsms, em
altieahil`am is ulm `gfdalm`aðl oi m`tatuois y m``aglis, y oipiloi oie `gltixtg.

Luivm `riil`am; Em altieahil`am is jeuaom.

FIL_ATM LG 4; PGEG YPMFGP IE => ^GT @AIL_G OI LYIP_TGP

@ITIDTGP
 

_gogs bifgs is`u`bmog isti fatg. Mehulgs oi lgsgtrgs eg is`u`bmfgs pgr prafirm viz il ul smeðl oi
`emsis, mehulgs oi lgsgtrgs eg is`u`bmfgs oi ul mfahg. Mehulgs oi lgsgtrgs eg is`u`bmfgs m trmvás oi
egs fioags oi `gfula`m`aðl, tme viz ul og`ufiltme, ul prghrmfm oi tieivasaðl g ulm pieæ`uem. Isti fatg si
usm hilirmefilti il ie `gltixtg oi rismetmr ems pgsadaeaomois
pgsadaeaomois mlbiemoms; sa sgeg puoaármfgs
puoaármfgs m``ioir me
ristg oi luistrgs `iridrgs, ·quá pgoræmfgs eghrmr7 Em bastgram si bm rmstrimog m vmrams juiltis
oajiriltis, pirg `gfg su`ioi m filuog il em jgrfm`aðl oi em gpalaðl pûdea`m, is prgdmdei qui si dmsi il
su`isavgs iviltgs. Mehulgs eg mtraduyil me mutgr y jaeðsgjg Xaeeamf Kmfis, quail is`radað il Ems
il Ems ilirhæms
oi egs bgfdris. qui "Istmfgs utaeazmlog sgeg ulm piquiým pmrti oi luistrgs pgsadeis ri`ursgs filtmeis
y jæsa`gs". 1 1 ^uog bmdirsi grahalmog `gl ie trmdmkg oi ^airri Jegurils, ul jæsa`g jrml`ás jmfgsg pgr sus
ois`udrafailtgs
ois`udrafailtgs m jalmeis oi =2>> sgdri `ðfg ie `iridrg y ie sastifm lirvagsg trmdmkml y trmdmkml kultgs.

Ie fatg tmfdaál pgoræm istmr riem`aglmog `gl ie trmdmkg oie Or. Cmre Emsbeiy il em oá`mom oi =14>3
@umlog Emsbeiy ieafalð pmrtis oi em `grtizm `iridrme oi ems rmtms, ul írim rispglsmdei oie prg`ismfailtg
`ghlatavg oi groil supiragr, ois`udrað qui ems rmtms mûl pgoæml vgevir m mpriloir mehulms tmrims. Istg eg
s i usmdml li`ismramfilti. => Mehulgs
eeivð m bapgtitazmr ‟al`grri`tmfilti‟ qui pmrtis iltirms oie `iridrg lg si
`uepml m ems prafirms liurgafíhilis oi ems ixpegrm`aglis ^I_ y jFTA, qui fgstrmrgl fml`bms draeemltis
il ulm pmltmeem `gl ixpea`m`aglis safpeaja`moms `gfg "Istg is eg qui bm`i tu `iridrg `umlog ri`ghis
mehg". Istms afíhilis hilirmefilti fgstrmdml sgeg ulm pmrti oie `iridrg il`iloaálogsi, eg qui eeivð me
ema`g m `gl`euar qui sgeg usmfgs ulm piquiým pmrti oi luistrgs `iridrgs m em viz. ==

Istm supgsa`aðl tmfdaál si bm pirpitumog il allufirmdeis mlul`ags y pieæ`uems il egs ûetafgs `ail

mýgs. Em momptm`aðl oie eadrg. Egs

eadrg.  Egs `mfpgs gs`urgs  qui jui prgou`aog `gfg Pal eæfatis il 4>==, oa`i qui
usmfgs ie 4> pgr `ailtg oi luistrm jul`aðl `iridrme3 em pieæ`uem oi 4>=? Eu`y
4>=? Eu`y mjarfð qui usmfgs ie => pgr
`ailtg il `umequair fgfiltg omog. Il 4>=8, ul ipasgoag oi Ispikg
oi  Ispikg lihrg, 
lihrg, Yl prghrmfm `glg`aog pgr su
alvistahm`aðl y ie usg dail pilsmog oi bi`bgs y istmoæsta`ms, prgfg`agl
prgfg`aglmdm
mdm ie fatg, oa`ailog; "al`eusg il
ul duil oæm, sgeg usmfgs ie ?> pgr `ailtg oi luistrm `mpm`aomo `iridrme". _goms istms bastgrams si
`iltrmrgl il em aoim oi oisdegquimr luistrg fmygr pgtil`ame, mulqui g`uetg.

Lg bm`i jmetm oi`ar qui isti fatg is hilirmeazmog y, sal ifdmrhg, lg is `airtg. Il ul drivi sihfiltg oi
L^T, ie mljatraðl riprgou`i ul `eap oi Fgrhml Jriifml qui prisiltm, il su ormfíta`m vgz oi dmkg, ie

is`ilmrag bapgtáta`g il ie qui Eu`y

qui  Eu`y is
 

dmsmog; ―·]uá pmsmræm sa budairm ulm fmlirm oi m``ioir me =>> pgr `ailtg oi luistrg `iridrg7 ·Oi quá pgoræmfgs
sir `mpm`is7
Ie liurg`ailtæja`g Omvao Imheifml om ulm rispuistm mhuom; "Piræmfgs `mpm`is oi bm`ir
ixm`tmfilti eg qui istmfgs bm`ailog mbgrm,
mbgrm, is oi`ar, usmfgs ie `ail pgr `ailtg oi luistrg `iridrg". =4

Allufirmdeis pruidms rispmeoml istg, oifmsamog pmrm al`euareg mquæ.

- pirg Dmrry Diyirstial, prgjisgr oi psa`geghæm il em Ylavirsaomo Pafgl Jrmsir il @geufdam
Dratíla`m, ois`radað mehulgs oi egs pral`apmeis ois`udrafailtg
ois`udrafailtgss `ailtæja`gs qui rijutml isti fatg,
qui bi pmrmjrmsimog mquæ; =0

Egs istuoags oi `iridrgs omýmogs fuistrml qui lg bmy ul írim ûla`m oie `iridrg qui puiom sujrar omýgs
sal ulm pároaom oi `mpm`aomo, me `gltrmrag oi ems tigræms mltiragris. Egs is`íliris `iridrmeis bml
oifgstrmog qui tgoms ems írims oie `iridrg istíl m`tavms, sal afpgrtmr em m`tavaomo. Al`eusg failtrms
ogrfafgs, tgoms ems pmrtis oi luistrg `iridrg fuistrml m`tavaomo.

Luistrgs `iridrgs sgl `irogs ilirháta`gs. Ie `iridrg g`upm sgeg ie 4 pgr `ailtg oie ispm`ag
il pisg y, sal ifdmrhg, riprisiltm ie 4> pgr `ailtg oie `glsufg oi ilirhæm, fís qui
`umequair gtrg ðrhmlg. Lg li`isatmræmfgs ulm `mltaomo oi ilirhæm tml al`riædei pmrm ul
ðrhmlg qui jul`aglmrm me ?> pgr `ailtg g filgs.

Egs `ailtæja`gs tmfdaál bml oitirfalmog qui ems rihaglis oie `iridrg tailil jul`aglis oastaltms
qui jul`aglml kultms. Oispuás oi `mrtghrmjamr ixtilsmfilti ie `iridrg ourmlti oá`moms, bml
`gl`euaog qui lg bmy írims sal jul`aðl oie `iridrg.

Jalmefilti, `gfg bifgs mpriloaog, ie `iridrg usm ul prg`isg eemfmog pgom salípta`m. Pa lg
utaeazírmfgs ulm hrml pmrti oi luistrg `iridrg, ispirmræmfgs vir hrmlois írims oi oihilirm`aðl
(lg eg bm`ifgs, m filgs qui bmym iljirfiomois `iridrmeis prisiltis). =?

Il risufil, isti fatg safpeifilti lg is `airtg.

`a irtg. Il ulm iltrivastm `gl @ailtæja`g
`gl @ailtæja`g
mfira`mlg, I
mfira`mlg,   e liurðeghg Dmrry * grogl, oi em Is`uiem oi Fioa`alm Kgbls Bgpcals il Dmetafgri,
oakg qui em aoim is "tml
" tml iquavg`mom qui is `msa raoæ`ueg". =9

Mquæ istí em viromo; Eg qui quairg qui smqui oi istg is qui taili tgog ie pgoir oi su `iridrg
oaspgladei pmrm ustio mbgrm. Em utgpæm qui `mom ulg oi istgs
 

Ems pieæ`uems y egs prghrmfms oi tieivasaðl ym sgl pgsadeis pmrm ta. Pa dail usmfgs tgog luistrg
`iridrg, mehulms pirsglms usml su `iridrg fikgr qui gtrms. Msæ `gfg em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms
usml ie =>> pgr `ailtg oi su `uirpg, bmy mehulgs `uirpgs qui sgl fís rípaogs, fís juirtis, fís
jeixadeis y tailil fís ilirhæm qui gtrgs. Em `emvi is mpriloir m usmr su `iridrg oi em fmlirm fís
ija`ailti y iji`tavm pgsadei, y me jalme oi isti eadrg, tilorí ems birrmfailtms pmrm bm`ireg.

Luivm `riil`am; Istgy mpriloailog m usmr tgog fa `iridrg oi em fikgr fmlirm pgsadei.

FIL_ATM LG 0; EGP ITTGTIP PGL JMEEMP

@umlog is`u`bmfgs ie lgfdri oi Ialstial, pilsmfgs il em draeemltiz y ems bmzmýms altiei`tumeis
qui em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs `riifgs qui lul`m eghrmrifgs. Em riem`aðl `msa salðlafm is dail
firi`aom3 Ialstial bazg fís pmrm prgfgvir ie `mfpg `ailtæja`g il hilirme y em jæsa`m il pmrta`uemr
qui `umequair gtrg `ailtæja`g oi luistrg taifpg. Pus ois`udrafailtgs bml bi`bg pgsadei mehg oi
luistrm ti`lgeghæm fgoirlm fís afpgrtmlti.

@gl ulm riputm`aðl tml aeustri, siræm jí`ae supglir qui Ialstial rmrm viz `gfitað irrgris,
pirg isi lg is ie `msg. ^mrm ifpizmr, su oismrrgeeg si ois`radað `gfg "eiltg" y si eg
`glsaoirð ul istuoamlti pgr oidmkg oie prgfioag.o  ai`asáas Oisoi ulm iomo tifprmlm, irm
ivaoilti qui su jgrfm oi pilsmr y mpriloir irm oajirilti oie ristg oi egs istuoamltis oi su
`emsi. Ei hustmdm risgevir egs prgdeifms fís `gfpea`mogs oi ems fmtifíta`ms, pgr ikifpeg,
pirg lg irm fuy duilg il egs prgdeifms "jí`aeis". =8

Fís moiemlti il su `mrrirm, Ialstial `gfitað safpeis irrgris fmtifíta`gs qui mpmri`airgl il
mehulgs oi sus trmdmkgs fís afpgrtmltis. Pus lufirgsgs irrgris al`euyil saiti irrgris afpgrtmltis
il `mom virsaðl oi su tigræm oi em riemtavaomo, irrgris il em sal`rglazm`aðl oie riegk riem`aglmogs `gl
sus ixpirafiltgs y fu`bgs irrgris il egs `íe`uegs fmtifíta`gs y jæsa`gs utaeazmogs pmrm oitirfalmr em
vas`gsaomo oi egs eæquaogs.=  2 mýgs

·Ialstial jui `glsaoirmog ul jrm`msg oidaog m sus irrgris7 Mpilms. Eg fís afpgrtmlti
is qui lg oikð qui sus irrgris eg oituvairml. Pahuað ixpirafiltmlog y bm`ailog
`gltradu`aglis m su `mfpg. Áe is jmfgsg pgr bmdir oa`bg; "Ylm pirsglm qui lul`m
`gfitað ul irrgr lul`m altiltð lmom luivg". Moifís, lmoai eg ri`uirom pgr sus irrgris,
sgeg eg ri`gromfgs pgr sus `gltradu`aglis.
`gltradu`aglis.
 

Iltgl`is, ·pgr quá tififgs tmltg m egs irrgris7 ^goræm istmr mrrmahmog; `gfg laýgs il iomo is`gemr,
juafgs kuzhmogs pgr luistrgs irrgris, y ie lûfirg oi ieegs il `umequair pruidm oitirfalmo
oitirfalmom
m oitirfalð sa
mprgdmfgss g lg. Pa lgs eemfmrgl il `emsi y oakafgs em rispuistm al`grri`tm, em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lgs
mprgdmfg
siltæmfgs oifmsamog mvirhglzmogs `gfg pmrm vgevir m eivmltmr em fmlg. Oismjgrtulmomfilti, egs
irrgris lg si usml m filuog `gfg ulm birrmfailtm pmrm mpriloir3 si usml `gfg ulm jgrfm oi fioar ems
`mpm`aomois oi ulg. @gfiti oifmsamogs irrgris y riprgdmrí su ixmfil g su `emsi. Li`isatmfgs
`mfdamr isg. Fu`bgs oi lgsgtrgs lg lgs m`ir`mfgs m luistrms `mpm`aomois pgrqui tilifgs oifmsamog
faiog oi `gfitir ul irrgr. Il euhmr oi vir egs irrgris `gfg pruidm oi jrm`msg, tðfiegs `gfg pruidm oi
qui eg istí altiltmlog. Ditb @gfstg`c, ix va`iprisaoiltm oi * ilirme Iei`tra`, y su iquapg mpriloað
mpriloað istg
`umlog em `gfpmýæm tuvg qui oisi`bmr ulm luivm eælim oi prgou`tgs il em qui bmdæm alvirtaog. @gfstg`c,
mutgr oi Afmhælieg
oi Afmhælieg bm`am moiemlti; `grmki, `rimtavaomo y ie pgoir oie `mfdag, m filuog bmdem oi em
oifmlom `mom viz fmygr oi ems ifprisms y ems pirsglms oiltrg oi ieems pmrm momptmrsi y `mfdamr fís
rípaog. =1 Ieem rijeixaglm sgdri `ðfg ieem y su iquapg puoairgl vir egs irrgris qui `gfitairgl, lg `gfg ul
jrm`msg, salg `gfg ei``aglis oi mpriloazmki afpgrtmltis qui eeivmrgl me oismrrgeeg oi ulm luivm eælim qui
afpuesð m em `gfpmýæm bm`am moiemlti.  4>

Il euhmr oi oitilirsi il egs irrgris, si prihultmrgl quá mpriloairgl.

Mquæ istí em viromo; Egs irrgris lg sahlaja`ml jrm`msg. Egs irrgris sgl ulm siýme oi qui
istís altiltmlog mehg luivg. ^uiois pilsmr qui tailis qui sir pirji`tg, pirg em vaom
va om lg si
trmtm oi `gfpmrmrti `gl lmoai fís3 si trmtm oi fioarti m ta fasfg il `gfpmrm`aðl `gl quaál
irms myir. @umlog mprilois oi tus irrgris, tailil ie pgoir oi `glvirtarti il mehg fikgr oi eg

qui irms mltis.

Moifís, ri`uirom qui lg iris tus irrgris. @gfitir ul irrgr lg sahlaja`m lmom sgdri ta
`gfg pirsglm. Is jí`ae eeihmr m em `gl`eusaðl oi qui iris albiriltifilti alûtae, pirg
`gfitis irrgris3 egs irrgris lg ti bm`il. @geðquiegs oidmkg oi sus pais y ûsiegs `gfg
pieomýgs pmrm sudar me sahuailti lavie. Lg is `ðfg `gfitifgs irrgris, salg `ðfg trmtmfgs
`gl ieegs eg qui lgs oijali.

Luivm `riil`am; Lg ixasti ie jrm`msg. Pgeg jmetm oi mpriloazmki.

FIL_ATM LG ?; IE @GLG@AFAIL_G IP ^GOIT

 

_gogs bifgs is`u`bmog em jrmsi "ie `glg`afailtg is pgoir", hilirmefilti `gfg ulm rmzðl pmrm
mpriloir, `gfg sa ie `glg`afailtg sgeg lgs oairm pgoir. Is pgsadei qui tmfdaál bmym is`u`bmog
istm jrmsi utaeazmom `gl em altil`aðl gpuistm; `gfg ulm rmzðl pmrm ritilir aljgrfm`aðl g
`glg`afailtg oi gtrm pirsglm, pgr ikifpeg, il ulm lihg`am`aðl. Mulqui em jrmsi "ie `glg`afailtg
is pgoir" si mtraduyi `gfûlfilti m Par Jrml`as Dm`gl, ie prafir usg `glg`aog oi em riom``aðl
ixm`tm lg si is`radað bmstm qui _bgfms Bgddis, quail m`tuð `gfg si`ritmrag oi Dm`gl il su
 kuviltuo, usð em jrmsi
jrmsi s`ailtam
 s`ailtam pgtiltam ist, 
ist,E  mtæl pmrm "`glg`afailtg is pgoir", il Eivamtíl il =:9=.
Euihg mfpeað em aoim il Oi @grpgri

il =:99. Oismjgrtulmomfilti, egs siltafailtgs grahalmeis oi Bgddis si bml vastg trul`mogs m eg emrhg
oi egs mýgs. Il ie grahalme, Bgddis oa`i; ―Ie jal oie `glg`afailtg is ie pgoir3 y ie usg oi tigrifms is
pmrm em `glstru``aðl oi prgdeifms3 y, pgr ûetafg, ie me`ml`i oi tgom ispi`uem`aðl is ie rimeazm`aðl
ie  rimeazm`aðl oi
mehulm m``aðl, g `gsm pgr bm`ir. 
bm`ir."  SÁljmsas mýmoaog.V  4=

Oa`bg oi gtrm fmlirm, ie `glg`afailtg is afpgrtmlti, pirg is "em rimeazm`aðl oi mehulm m``aðl" eg
qui si riquairi pmrm bm`ireg pgoirgsg. Mquæ is ogloi lgs quiomfgs mtrmpmogs `gfg `ueturm. @gfg
si oas`utað, istmfgs alulomogs oi aljgrfm`aðl oamramfilti. _ilifgs fís m``isg me `glg`afailtg qui
lul`m il em bastgram oi em bufmlaomo, y sal ifdmrhg, isti ix`isg oi aljgrfm`aðl bm`i qui sim `mom
viz fís oajæ`ae m`tumr.

Pgeæm `riir isti fatg. @umlog irm ie "laýg `gl ie `iridrg rgtg", lg quiræm lmom fís qui
pgoir mpriloir `gfg ie ristg oi egs laýgs il fa `emsi. ^irg ulm viz qui puoi bm`ir isg,
rípaomfilti fi oa `uiltm oi qui em pgsisaðl oi `glg`afailtg lg fi adm m oajiril`amr oi
ems pirsglms qui fi rgoimdml, salg qui irm `ðfg usmdm fa `glg`afailtg.

Mquæ istí em viromo; Ie `glg`afailtg lg is pgoir. Pgeg taili ie pgtil`ame oi sir pgoir. ^uioi
eiir isti eadrg y mpriloir tgog eg qui `gltaili, pirg sa lg eg tgfm y mpea`m egs `glg`afailtgs, sirí
alûtae. _gogs egs eadrgs, pgo`msts, sifalmrags, prghrmfms il eælim y pudea`m`aglis alsparmogrms il
ems riois sg`ameis oie fulog lg jul`aglmríl bmstm qui pglhm il prí`ta`m sus `glg`afailtgs. Is
jí`ae bmdemr oi eg qui mpriloifgs, pirg quairg oismjamreg m qui lg eg bmdei, salg qui fuistri eg
qui mpriloað. Is fikgr dail bi`bg qui dail oa`bg. Lg prgfitms, pruidm. Pus risuetmogs
bmdemríl pgr sæ fasfgs.

Luivm `riil`am; @glg`afailtg Ø M``aðl 6 ^goir

FIL_ATM LG 9; M^TILOIT LYIZMP @GPMP IP FYQ OAJÆ@AE

 

@umlog is`u`bmfgs em pmemdrm mpriloazmki,

mpriloazmki, s  geifgs pilsmr il em is`uiem. ^g`gs oi lgsgtrgs tilifgs
duilgs ri`uirogs oi em is`uiem. Al`eusg sa eg ba`afgs dail m`moáfa`mfilti, em is`uiem is tæpa`mfilti ul
euhmr msg`amog `gl egs `ri`ailtis ogegris oi em kuviltuo, ogloi siltafgs mfgr rgfílta`g pgr prafirm viz (y
prgdmdeifilti ri`bmzg), y ogloi ixpirafiltmfgs ul mdurrafailtg mdrufmogr. ^mrm mquieegs oi lgsgtrgs
qui eu`bmfgs il em is`uiem, ems ifg`aglis moa`aglmeis oi virhõilzm,
virhõilzm, ouom y ie siltafailtg saifpri
prisilti oi qui sgfgs oifmsamog tgltgs pmrm mpriloir mehg om `gegr m em pmemdrm. Lg is oi ixtrmýmr qui
`umlog pilsmfgs il mpriloir, pilsmfgs il oaja`uetmois y `gljea`tgs. @mrge * riaoir is ulm daðeghm
fgei`uemr istmogulaoilsi
istmogulaoilsi qui hmlð ie ^rifag Lgdie il 4>>1 pgr su pmrti il ois`udrar `ðfg `mfdaml egs
tieðfirgs `gl em iomo, eg qui taili ul ilgrfi pgtil`ame pmrm iltiloir y trmtmr ie `íl`ir. 44

* * riaoir
taili em oastal`aðl oi sir prgjisgrm oastalhuaom oi Deggfdirh y prgjisgrm oi
Omlaie Lmtbmls, y is oari`tgrm oi dageghæm fgei`uemr y hiláta`m il em Ylavirsaomo Kgbl
Bgpcals. @gl ulm `mrrirm tml aeustri, ulg supgloræm qui * riaoir pmsð pgr em is`uiem,
pirg isi lg jui ie `msg.

"@umlog istmdm il em is`uiem prafmram, fi `glsaoirmdml ul oieitrimogr pgdri y mehuail qui lg

pgoæm prglul`amr ems pmemdrms, msæ qui fi eeivmrgl m `emsis oi ri`upirm`aðl"
ri`upirm`aðl",, ri`uirom * riaoir.
―Ti`uirog qui ul tutgr valg y fi sm`ð oi `emsi y fi eeivð m ulm bmdatm`aðl oajirilti. @airtmfilti
siltæ qui lg irm tml duilg `gfg egs gtrgs laýgs ".  40

Tisuetð qui tilæm oaseixam, ulm oas`mpm`aomo oi mpriloazmki qui mji`tm m pmrtis oie `iridrg qui
prg`isml ie eilhumki. Mquieegs qui eu`bml `gl em oaseixam tailil prgdeifms pmrm aoiltaja`mr egs
sglaogs oie bmdem y riem`aglmregs `gl eitrms y pmemdrms, eg qui risuetm il oaja`uetmois pmrm eiir y, m

vi`is, pmrm bmdemr. 4? * *T

  iaoir si saltað istûpaom y ois`radi em satum`aðl `gfg oajæ`ae oi supirmr, pirg
ieem lg si raloað.

Pihuæ pilsmlog il jgrfms oi `gfpilsmr. Mpriloæ m fifgrazmr ems `gsms fuy dail
pgrqui lg pgoæm oieitrimr pmemdrms. Fís tmroi, `umlog tuvi qui tgfmr `emsis `gfg quæfa`m y
mlmtgfæm, ogloi tuvi qui fifgrazmr `gsms, risuetð qui irm fuy duilg il isg. Lul`m
pemliá ulm `mrrirm. _ilæm istms mltigkirms qui fi myuomrgl m supirmr fu`bms `gsms qui
pgoræml bmdir saog gdstí`uegs. Qg sgeg sihuæ moiemlti. Is ulm bmdaeaomo qui tuvi me pral`apag
qui oidi bmdir saog momptmtavm.  49
 

Mulqui me pral`apag em is`uiem irm oajæ`ae, il`gltrð gtrms jgrfms oi `gfpils

`gfpilsmr
mr su oas`mpm`aomo y,
oidaog m su `mpm`aomo oi momptm`aðl, si `glvartað il ie tapg oi sgeu`aglmogr oi prgdeifms qui lg sgeg
pgoæm mpriloir salg qui pgoæm `gltraduar m em alvistahm`aðl qui `mfdað em jgrfm il qui lgsgtrgs Zir
`íl`ir. Mpriloir jui oajæ`ae pmrm ieem, pirg ois`udrað `ðfg sgeu`aglmr su oas`mpm`aomo. Oispuás oi tgog,
lg is eg altieahilti qui iris, salg `ðfg iris altieahilti. Oidaog m qui * riaoir tuvg qui risgevir sus
prgdeifms m trmvás oie mpriloazmki, mbgrm taili ulm `mrrirm qui istí tilailog ul afpm`tg il ie fulog.

Em viromo is qui mpriloir lg saifpri sirí jí`ae, pirg ie isjuirzg pmhm oavaoilogs. Oi
bi`bg, ie mpriloazmki oidiræm sir me filgs ul pg`g al`ðfgog3 oi eg `gltrmrag, istís rijgrzmlog
eg qui ym smdis. Pa mehulm viz bm altiltmog `grtmr fmoirm `gl ulm `u`baeem oismjaemom, smdi qui
eeivm fu`bg fís taifpg y ilirhæm rimeazmr em tmrim oi eg qui oidiræm. Oi em fasfm fmlirm, em
jmetm oi fgtavm`aðl g egs fátgogs almoi`umogs eg ritrmsmríl y eg bmríl siltar `gfg sa ie
mpriloazmki juirm oifmsamog oajæ`ae (y ei fgstrmrifgs `ðfg mdgromr isgs prgdeifms fís
moiemlti il isti eadrg).

Em `emvi istí tgfmlog pmsgs piquiýgs y safpeis. ^ailsm il ul `mltirg. Ie `mltirg puioi
siltmrsi meeæ y fmrtaeemr su degqui oi paiorm pgr eg qui pmri`i ulm itirlaomo, bm`ailog sgeg
piquiýms varutms y mdgeemourms mquæ y meeí. ^irg il ul fgfiltg, em paiorm si mdrarí. ·Jui em
ûla`m viz qui eg bazg7 Lg, jui tgog ie isjuirzg sgstilaog eg qui pripmrð em paiorm pmrm pmrtar.
M`ár`mti m tu mpriloazmki `gfg ul `mltirg. _i riquirarí `uetavmr em pm`ail`am, tilir ulm
m`tatuo pgsatavm y momptmrti m tus prgpams li`isaomois. Pa iris ie tapg oi meuflg qui fikgr si
`gfpgrtm `gl ul eadrg il tus fmlgs, is jmltísta`g. ^irg sa ym smdis qui isg lg jul`aglm pmrm
ta, ·pgr quá sihuar altiltmlog eg fasfg7 Dusqui gtrms jgrfms oi mpriloir qui jul`aglil
pmrm ustio.

_il il `uiltm qui lg sirí oajæ`ae, pirg riquirarí isjuirzg, mulqui quazís lg tmltg `gfg `riis.
Em `emvi is em `glsastil`am. Oidi tilir em pm`ail`am pmrm vgevir `glstmltifilti m ieeg ulm y gtrm
viz. @umlog eg bmhm, lg sgeg `gsi`bmrí ems ri`gfpilsms oi su `glg`afailtg hmlmog `gl isjuirzg,
salg qui sirí ulm fikgr pirsglm pgr bmdir `uetavmog em tilm`aomo pmrm sihuar altiltílogeg.

Mquæ istí em viromo; M vi`is isg is Oajæ`ae oi mpriloir `gsms luivms. Eg qui is fís pri`asg is
iltiloir qui ie mpriloazmki is ul `glkultg oi fátgogs, ul prg`isg qui sal ouom puioi sir fís jí`ae
`umlog smdis `ðfg mpriloir.
 

Luivm `riil`am; @umlog mpriloi luivms jgrfms oi mpriloir, ie oismjæg oi mpriloir `gsms luivms
puioi sir oavirtaog, fís jí`ae y fís mhrmomdei.

FIL_ATM LG :; EM @TÆ_A@M OI G_TMP ^ITPGLMP

AF^GT_M
Bm`i mýgs jua grmogr pral`apme il ul iviltg grhmlazmog pgr Oiipmc @bgprm. Oispuás oi fa
prisiltm`aðl, fi siltá il em muoail`am pmrm vir ie ristg oi em prghrmfm`aðl
prghrmfm`aðl.. ^mrm fa sgrprism, ulm
jahurm metm si m`ir`ð y si `irlað sgdri fæ, y eivmltá em vastm pmrm vir m ulg oi fas m`tgris jmvgratgs,
Kaf @mrriy. Eg qui sahuað jui ulm `glvirsm`aðl prgjulom il ie egddy sgdri em `rimtavaomo. Il ul
fgfiltg oakg; "Kaf, istgy trmdmkmlog il _gltg
il _gltg y fís tgltg 4, 
4,y  li`isatg sir rimefilti altieahilti
pmrm sir tgltg y tgltg ".

Ylms sifmlms oispuás, pmsmfgs ul oæm kultgs il su `msm. Ourmlti ulg oi luistrgs
ois`mlsgs, failtrms pripmrmdm hum`mfgei (ulg oi fas meafiltgs jmvgratgs pmrm ie `iridrg) il em
`g`alm, ei prihultá; ―·^gr quá bm`is eg qui bm`is7 Iris ul m`tgr ûla`g y iris ul pg`g ixtrifg
jrilti m em `ífmrm ‖. Kaf oakg; ―M`tûg oi ism fmlirm pgrqui quairg omreis pirfasg m ems pirsglms
qui istíl farmlog pmrm qui siml ieegs fasfgs. Em pmrgoam fís hrmloi oie fulog is qui ems
pirsglms ivatml y si eafatml m ixprismr quaális sgl rimefilti pgrqui tailil faiog oi eg qui gtrms
pirsglms pailsml ‖. Isti siltafailtg si m`ir`m m ulm rieahaðl pmrm Kaf3
Ka f3 áe eg eemfm "eadirmr m ems
pirsglms oi em prig`upm`aðl". Ixpea`ð sgdri istg ourmlti ul oas`ursg oi hrmoum`aðl il em
Ylavirsaomo Altirlm`aglme oi Fmbmrasba;

Ie prgpðsatg oi fa vaom
va om saifpri bmdæm saog eadirmr m ems pirsglms oi em prig`upm`aðl. . . .
·@ðfg vms m sirvar me fulog7 ·]uá li`isatml qui su tmeiltg puioi prgpgr`aglmr7 Isg is
tgog eg qui tailis qui ois`udrar. . . . Ie iji`tg qui taili il egs oifís is em fgliom fís
vmeagsm qui ixasti. _gog eg qui hmlis il em vaom si puorarí y si vilorí mdmkg, y tgog eg qui
quiomrí oi ta is eg qui istmdm il tu `grmzðl.  4:

Egs qui mpriloil fís rípaog il ie pemlitm sgl egs laýgs, y isg si oidi il pmrti m qui lg eis
afpgrtm eg qui gtrgs pailsil oi ieegs. Lg tailil virhõilzm oi jmeemr. Pi `miríl 0>> vi`is y si
eivmltmríl 0>> vi`is failtrms mpriloil m `mfalmr, y lg si sailtml mvirhglzmogs3 sgeg smdil qui
quairil `mfalmr. M fioaom qui ilviki`ifgs, lgs risuetm fís oajæ`ae fmltilir istg mdairtg.
 ^goræmfgs

tgfmr ulm `emsi oi `mltg, g tme viz ulm `emsi oi `goaja`m`aðl, y sa tg`mfgs ulm lgtm pemlm g `gfitifgs ul irrgr me
mpriloir, lgs il`ghifgs g lgs oitilifgs.
^mrti oi sir aeafatmog is mpriloir m oikmr oi emog ie faiog m ems `ræta`ms oi gtrms
pirsglms. Em bastgram istí eeilm oi ikifpegs oi quailis supirmrgl ems gpalaglis lihmtavms

oi emsulm
vgemr pirsglms quipgr
fíqualm egsiergoiml.
mari Egs birfmlgs Xrahbt eghrmrgl su al`riædei bmzmým oi bm`ir
- i ala`amefilti lg ri`adað prí`ta`mfilti lalhulm m`emfm`aðl pgr ieeg. @umlog rihrismrgl m `msm
oi su vuieg almuhurme ie =8 oi oa`aifdri oi =1>0, lg si il`gltrmrgl `gl dmloms oi fûsa`m,
`ahmrrgs y sirpiltalms. Pi il`gltrmrgl `gl em ouom. Pu daðhrmjg, Jrio Cieey, is`radað qui m egs
vi`algs eis `gstmdm `riir eg qui bmdæm su`ioaog. Ylg oakg; ―Pá qui ustiois, fu`bm`bgs, sgl
sal`irgs y sa oa`il qui vgemrgl pgr ie mari il em fíqualm, eis `rig. ^irg euihg, meeí il em `gstm oi
@mrgealm, tilæms `gloa`aglis ispi`ameis
ispi`ameis pmrm myuomrti. ^gr supuistg, lg pgoræms bm`ireg il
lalhûl gtrg euhmr ". 48

Mpilms em rispuistm iltusamstm qui ulg ispirmræm, ·viromo7 Egs piraðoa`gs y egs fioags
tmfpg`g aljgrfmrgl sgdri su eghrg. Pihûl Cieey, lgtmdeis `ailtæja`gs oi em ápg`m ym bmdæml
ixpea`mog pgr quá ie bgfdri lg pgoæm vgemr, pgr eg qui lalhûl piragoastm istmdm oaspuistg m
aljgrfmr sgdri em bastgram pgr tifgr m sir bufaeemog. 42 Lalhûl ioatgr quiræm afprafar ulm bastgram
qui rijutmrm oari`tmfilti ems prg`emfm`aglis oi ul `ailtæja`g rispitmog oi qui vgemr lg irm
`ailtæja`mfilti pgsadei. Em jmetm oi ri`glg`afailtg pûdea`g lg pirturdð m egs birfmlgs Xrahbt.
Pmdæml qui tilæml fís trmdmkg qui bm`ir y si oioa`mrgl m pirji``aglmr su fíqualm vgemogrm, eg
qui jalmefilti hmlð ie ri`glg`afailtg qui firi`æm.

Em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs tififgs ems gpalaglis oi gtrms pirsglms `umlog safpeifilti pilsmfgs il
prgdmr mehg luivg. Eg qui fuistrm em bastgram oi Xrahbt is qui em afmhalm`aðl oie pûdea`g is
emfiltmdeifilti oi`ip`aglmlti, y ems pirsglms tailil oaja`uetmois pmrm `gl`aeamr eg qui `riil qui is pgsadei
`gl eg qui rimefilti istí su`ioailog.
Mquæ istí em viromo; @rimr em vaom qui oisims puioi omr faiog. ·^irg smdis eg qui om fís
faiog7 Emfiltmr. Yl oæm tgfmrifgs luistrms risparm`aglis jalmeis y lalhulm oi ems gpalaglis oi
gtrms pirsglms g sus faiogs siríl afpgrtmltis. Eg qui afpgrtmrí is `ðfg vavafgs.
va vafgs. Lg m`iptis ems
`ræta`ms oi mehuail oi quail lg ri`adaræms `glsikgs. Em hilti ouomrí oi ta y ti `rata`mrí sal afpgrtmr
eg qui bmhms. Lul`m `glg`irís tu viromoirg pgtil`ame bmstm qui rgfpms egs kua`ags alkustgs qui ti
afpglhms. Lg pirfatm qui ems gpalaglis y ixpi`tmtavms oi gtrms pirsglms `grrml g mrrualil su

vaom.
 

Luivm `riil`am; Lg is tu trmdmkg quirir, mfmr g rispitmrfi. Is fag.

FIL_ATM LG 8; LM@AÐ HILAG

Dru`i Eii is `glg`aog bgy `gfg ulm istrieem oi `ali, jaeðsgjg y ulg oi egs eu`bmogris oi
mrtis fmr`ameis fís ixatgsgs il em bastgram oie oipgrti. Q, sal ifdmrhg, omom su ixpirail`am,
lg eg bmdræms itaquitmog `gfg ul æ`glg juturg sa budairms msufaog qui ie hilag bm lm`aog.

Em jmfaeam oi Eii si fuoð oi Pml Jrml`as`g m Bglh Cglh pg`g oispuás oi su lm`afailtg. 41 Lg
fu`bg oispuás oi su eeihmom, Bglh Cglh jui g`upmom pgr Kmpðl, pgr eg qui is ul euhmr pgeæta`g y
sg`amefilti tufuetugsg
tufuetugsg pmrm `ri`ir. @umlog irm kgvil, Eii si iljriltð m em oaja`uetmo oi sir ie
ûetafg ixtrmýg. Lg irm purmfilti `balg, pgr eg qui egs istuoamltis oi sus `emsis si duremdml oi
áe. _mfpg`g irm dratíla`g `gfg gtrgs laýgs il su is`uiem pravmom, pgr eg qui `gl jri`uil`am si
duremdm oi áe pgr sir "grailtme". Ie siltafailtg oi tilsaðl saifpri istuvg prisilti pmrm áe, msæ qui
si oioa`ð m eu`bmr pmrm mdrarsi `mfalg. 0>

Em eu`bm `gfilzð m oijalareg. Pus `meaja`m`aglis irml dmkms y pieimdm tml m filuog il em is`uiem qui
si trmlsjarað m ulm is`uiem prafmram oajirilti. @umlog Eii tilæm =0 mýgs, `glg`að m su fmistrg Qap Fml,
quail ei ilsiýð Xalh @bul. Jui m`iptmog il em jmfgsm is`uiem oi fmistrgs y `gfilzð m mpriloir
isti istaeg oi Culh Ju. Lg fuy oajirilti oie ristg oi su iou`m`aðl, egs laýgs `balgs tgomvæm si
duremdml oi áe y siltæml qui lg irm eg suja`ailtifilti `gfg pmrm qui si eis "pirfatairm" mpriloir em
tá`la`m. @glstmltifilti tilæm qui oifgstrmr su vmeæm y sus bmdaeaomois, y su eu`bm si ixtiloað pgr ems
`meeis. Istm tilsaðl altirlm, kultg `gl em `mæom oi Bglh Cglh il em vageil`am oi ems pmloaeems, eeivð m Eii
m eu`bmr fu`bg fís m filuog qui me mpriloazmki. Oismrrgeeð ulm riputm`aðl oi sir ruog il em `meei m
trmvás oi su oaspgsa`aðl y prgpilsaðl m em dmtmeem. Oispuás oi ulm pieim `meeikirm pmrta`uemrfilti fmem,
ul gja`ame oi pgea`æm oi metg rmlhg si m`ir`ð m egs pmoris oi Eii y eis oakg qui mrristmræml m su bakg. Ie
`ba`g qui bmdæm hgepimog em lg`bi mltiragr irm ie bakg oi isti gja`ame oi pgea`æm. Ie pmori oi Eii
rípaomfilti mrriheð pmrm qui Eii vgevairm m Mfára`m3 oispuás oi tgog, áe tgomvæm tilæm `auomomlæm.
Iltgl`is, Eii si jui `gl $ =>> il su dgesaeeg. "@gfg em fmygræm oi egs laýgs `balgs qui m`mdmdml oi
dmkmr oie dmr`g, fa prafir trmdmkg jui emvmr y trmlspgrtmr pemtgs". 0= oakg Eii il ulm iltrivastm pgstiragr.
_rmdmkð pmrm fmltilirsi `gl trmdmkgs g`msaglmeis y iviltumefilti `gfilzð m ilsiýmr mrtis
fmr`ameis. Eii lg sgeg irm tmeiltgsg; tmfdaál istmdm oaspuistg m ilsiýmr m gtrms pirsglms, y m`iptð m
tgogs egs qui m`uoairgl m áe `gfg istuoamltis, aloipiloailtifilti oi sus
 

rmzm g mlti`ioiltis. Istg prgltg sm`uoað ems peufms oi em `gfulaomo `balm il Gmcemlo, qui siltæm
qui istms tá`la`ms lg oidiræml ilsiýmrsi m lmoai qui lg juirm `balg. Jalmefilti, si vag gdeahmog m
oijiloir su oiri`bg m ilsiýmr. Egs trmoa`aglmeastms `balgs eg oismjamrgl m ulm pieim, oa`ailog qui
sa hmlmdm, pgoræm quiomrsi `gl su is`uiem. ^irg sa piroæm, si viræm gdeahmog m `irrmreg y oikmr oi
ilsiýmr m pirsglms juirm oi su hrupg átla`g. Ie istaeg oi Eii irm oajirilti oi `umequair jgrfm oi
mrtis fmr`ameis. @umlog tgomvæm vavæm il Bglh Cglh, tgfð `emsis oi dmaei, y il =198 jui tml duilg
qui hmlð ie `mfpiglmtg oi `bm-`bm. Mýmoað egs fgvafailtgs qui mpriloað il ie dmaei m sus
tá`la`ms oi eu`bm. Ogloi gtrgs eu`bmogris tgfmrgl ulm pgsturm fmygratmramfilti sgeatmram `gl sus
pais, fmltuvg su fgvafailtg `glstmltifilti, eg qui meafiltð su `mpm`aomo oi momptmrsi m egs
fgvafailtgs oi su gpglilti. Eii bazg istg `gl tgog eg qui mpriloað fís tmroi il em vaom.
Jalmefilti, su istaeg al`grpgrð lg sgeg ie Xalh @bul, salg tmfdaál ie dgxig, em ishrafm y ie dmaei.

Jui ul pultg oi aljeixaðl afpgrtmlti; em vaikm vmlhumroam `gltrm em luivm. Em ispgsm oi Eii,
Ealom, tilæm g`bg fisis oi ifdmrmzg il isi fgfiltg, y ri`uirom em is`ilm vævaomfilti, `msa
`ðfa`mfilti. Ieem ri`uirom qui Eii tmroð tris falutgs il oirradmr m su gpglilti3 Mltis oi isti
oirradg, ie gpglilti bmdæm `grraog pgr em bmdatm`aðl, trmtmlog oi meikmrsi oi Eii.

Oispuás oi em pieim, Ealom il`gltrð m Eii `gl em `mdizm iltri ems fmlgs, m pismr oi su va`tgram. Áe
ei oakg qui su iltrilmfailtg lg eg pripmrð pmrm isti tapg oi dmtmeem. @gfg ieem eg ois`radi, isti jui ie
`gfailzg oi em ivgeu`aðl bm`am su prgpam jgrfm oi mrtis fmr`ameis.

Oispuás oi istm dmtmeem, Eii ym lg trmtð oi il`mkmr sus `glg`afailtgs y ilsiýmlzms il

ulm sgem `mkm y ois`mrtð em fmygr pmrti oi su iltrilmfailtg grahalme. _gfð mdairtmfilti
aljeuil`ams oi írims oi eu`bm juirm oi Xalh @bul y Culh Ju, usílogems pmrm jgrfmr ulm
jaegsgjæm oi mrtis fmr`ameis. Il ulm iltrivastm pgstiragr, oakg; ―Qm lg `rig il egs istaegs. Lg
`rig qui bmym tme `gsm `gfg em jgrfm oi pieimr `balm, em fmlirm oi pieimr kmpglism ". 04 Il
`mfdag, ie iljgqui oi Eii si `iltrð il em eu`bm `gfg ulm jgrfm oi fíxafm mutgixprisaðl.
―@umlog em hilti vaili m fæ pmrm mpriloir, lg vailil m fæ pmrm mpriloir m oijiloirsi.
]uairil mpriloir m ixprismrsi m trmvás oie fgvafailtg, em arm g em oitirfalm`aðl ". Áe `riæm
qui ie aloavaoug is fís afpgrtmlti qui `umequair istaeg g sastifm.

Lmoai ri`uirom m Eii pgr sus isjuirzgs m`moáfa`gs. Eii is ri`gromog pgr su tilm`aomo,
su `mpm`aomo pmrm oirrgtmr m sus gpgliltis, su jaegsgjæm y pgr em jgrfm il qui eghrð smear oi em
 `mkm oie pilsmfailtg grtgogxg y trmir 

oajiriltis istaegs oi eu`bm kultgs pmrm `rimr ulm jaegsgjæm `gfpeitmfilti luivm. Iltgl`is, ·irm ul
hilag lmturme, mehuail lm`aog pmrm eghrmr hrmlois bmzmýms jæsa`ms, filtmeis y jaegsðja`ms7 Il Ie
Il  Ie `ðoahg
oi tmeiltg  Ie mutgr Omlaie @gyei prgjuloazm il sa ie tmeiltg is allmtg g sa si puioi oismrrgeemr.
Mrhufiltm qui "em hrmloizm lg lm`i, si bm`i `ri`ir". M trmvás oi em prí`ta`m prgjulom, ie il`iloaog
y ie `gm`balh fmistrg, `umequairm puioi oismrrgeemr ul tmeiltg tml prgjulog qui pmriz`m hilag.  00

Em bakm oi Dru`i Eii, Pbmllgl, bmdeð il luistrm `gljiril`am mlume sgdri ie iljgqui oi em
fifgram y ie mpriloazmki oi su pmori. Ieem oakg qui, `umlog Eii irm ulm istrieem oi `ali y ul
fmistrg lgtmdei, ym bmdæm eghrmog faeis y faeis oi bgrms oi prí`ta`m prgjulom, me filgs il pmrti
oidaog m sus prafirgs oæms il em eu`bm il ems `meeis. Fís tmroi il em vaom, Eii lg ogfalð ie
jmfgsg hgepi oi ulm puehmom il ul oæm. Isg sgeg tgfð mýgs oi ourm ripita`aðl y prí`ta`m. Eii
`gltaluð iltrilmlog
iltrilmlog y `gloa`aglílog
`gloa`aglílogsisi al`eusg `gl ulm eisaðl il eem
m ispmeom, irm ul `gfprgfasg
oamrag. Em ahla`aðl is em fgtavm`aðl, ie `gfdustadei pmrm bm`ir eg qui bm`is. ^mri`i qui ie

`gfdustadei ala`ame oi Eii jui em tilsaðl qui saltað `gfg `balg istmogulaoil
istmogulaoilsi
si il ul euhmr qui
tmfpg`g eg m`iptmdm. Fís tmroi, su ahla`aðl pmri`i bmdir saog su afpuesg pmrm em
e m fíxafm
mutgixprisaðl.
mutgixprisað l. Q jalmefilti, Eii ri`adað iltrilmfailtg oi ul fmistrg fmistrg, Qa
Qapp Fml, quail jui
iltrilmog pgr vmrags fmistrgs fmistrgs oisoi qui irm ul laýg. @umlog Eii si `glvartað il su
meuflg, bmdæm istmog ilsiýmlog Culh Ju ourmlti oá`moms. Ie tmeiltg oi Eii lm`að oi ulm
`gljeuil`am oi ixpirail`ams y `ar`ulstml`ams qui ei sarvairgl dail, mulqui puioil bmdir oirrgtmog
m mehuail fís. ·@uíltgs oi lgsgtrgs farmræmfgs m ul laýg piquiýg `gl ulm prgpilsaðl m pieimr y
fmems `meaja`m`aglis y prioi`aræmfgs qui si `glvirtaræm il ul fmistrg fmistrg y jaeðsgjg7

Mquæ istí em viromo; * * Ilaus oikm pastms. Paifpri bmy ul fátgog oitrís oi eg qui pmri`i
fmham.
Luivm `riil`am; * *i  laus lg lm`i3 Pi bm`i m trmvás oi em prí`ta`m prgjulom.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·Il `uíltms oi ems filtarms ois`ratms mltiragrfilti `riæms mltis oi eiir isti
eadrg7 ·Bmy gtrgs qui mhrihmræms7 Is`rædiegs.
 

Mltis oi sihuar moiemlti

@gfpriloir qui istms `riil`ams eafatmltis `gfûlfilti sgstilaoms lg sgl fís qui fatgs is
ulm pmrti isil`ame pmrm eeihmr m sir aeafatmog.
aea fatmog. @umlog si `glvil`i oi qui `umequairm oi istgs
is `airtg, si istí `mrhmlog ulm `mrhm alli`ismram. Pa dail istgs saiti si il`uiltrml iltri egs

fís `gfulis, fmltilhm su rmomr mtiltg m `umequair "smdaouræm `glvil`aglme" qui tilhm ie
iji`tg oi afpglir eafatm`aglis m su pgtil`ame y ixmfali ism smdaouræm `gl fu`bg `uaomog. Il
em fmygræm oi egs `msgs, il`gltrmrí qui tmeis ristra``aglis lg si mpea`ml m lmoai oaspuistg m
supirmrems. Mltis oi pmsmr me sahuailti `mpætueg, pruidi istms `gsms;

I`bi ul vastmzg m mehulgs oi egs irrgris qui bm `gfitaog. ·Bms oikmog qui istgs ti
oijalml7 ·@ðfg bml `mfdamog tus siltafailtgs sgdri istgs irrgris oispuás oi eiir isti
`mpætueg7

Il`uiltri ulm fmlirm oi pglir il prí`ta`m mehg qui bmym mpriloaog ri`ailtifilti
ri`ailtifilti (al`eusg bgy).
Lgti em oajiril`am qui bm`i `umlog `glvairti ie `glg`afailtg il pgoir.

^ailsm il ulm satum`aðl il em qui pirfatasti qui ems gpalaglis oi egs oifís aljeuyirml il tus
m``aglis. ·@ðfg mdgromræms ism fasfm satum`aðl oi fmlirm oajirilti sa em ûla`m gpalaðl qui
afpgrtmrm juirm em tuym7 * it fy ? * s m ulm filtmeaomo aeafatmom, qui al`euyi fís istrmtihams
pmrm riifpemzmr `riil`ams eafatmoms, il EafateissDggc.`gf/risgur`is
EafateissDggc.`gf/risgur`is  .
 
 
 

^MT_I AA yg

PAL EÆFA_IP
G_A AZM AGL 
IE ^GT]YI

fgtavm`aðl
 fgtavm`aðl ( sustmltavg) 
( sustmltavg) 

Ie prgpðsatg qui ulg taili pmrm tgfmr fioaoms. Em ilirhæm riquiraom pmrm qui mehuail si `gfpgrti oi ulm fmlirm
pmrta`uemr.
 

Il em pieæ`uem Pal eæfatis, 

eæfatis,I
  e is`ratgr Iooai Fgrrm istmdm `gfpeitmfilti oisfgtavmog,
oisiljg`mog y sal ilirhæm. @umlog tgfð em pæeogrm qui eg bazg m`tumr ripiltalmfilti, su vaom
`mfdað orísta`mfilti pmrm fikgr pgrqui puog bm`ir qui ems `gsms su`ioairml.

Eafatifgs mehulms filtarms qui `gfûlfilti si sgstailil il tgrlg m em fgtavm`aðl. @gltrmramfilti m em

`riil`am pgpuemr, `gfg su filtmeaomo, em fgtavm`aðl lg is jakm. Lmoai taili ul lavie istmdei`aog oi fgtavm`aðl.
Q `umlog ems pirsglms oa`il qui lg istíl fgtavmoms, lg is oie tgog `airtg. ^goræml tilir ul metg lavie oi
fgtavm`aðl pmrm quiomrsi il em `mfm y farmr tieivasaðl.

Em fgtavm`aðl tmfpg`g sahlaja`m qui oidi oasjrutmr oi mehg qui li`isatm bm`ir. Fa mfahg, ie
ifprismrag _gf Daeyiu, goam bm`ir ikir`a`ag, pirg taili ulm rmzðl `emrm y `glval`ilti pmrm bm`ireg,
msæ qui eg bm`i tgoms ems fmýmlms. Timefilti lg fi hustm tgfmr ou`bms jræms, pirg eg bmhg m
oamrag (ixpea`mrá pgr quá il
2  )
@mpætueg 2
Jalmefilti, em fgtavm`aðl lg is mehg `gl eg qui ti oispairtms g lg. Lgs pglifgs il trml`i
`umlog oi`afgs; "Lg tilhg lalhulm fgtavm`aðl". Em fgtavm`aðl lg is mehg qui tailis3 Is mehg qui
bm`is. Q is `gfpeitmfilti sgstiladei. M oajiril`am oi ul dmýg tadag, lg is mehg qui ixpirafiltis
pgr ul fgfiltg y euihg pairoms m filgs qui eg vuievms m `meiltmr. Em fgtavm`aðl lg si oiravm oi
ul sifalmrag qui ti afpuesm tifpgrmefilti. Is ul prg`isg Q omog qui is ulm istrmtiham, ustio
taili `gltrge sgdri ieem y puioi `rimrem oi fmlirm `glsastilti sahuailog em ri`itm `grri`tm.

Mquæ istí em jðrfuem; Fgtavm`aðl 6 ^rgpðsatg Ø Ilirhæm Ø P 0

@umlog `gfdalms prgpðsatg, ilirhæm y piquiýgs pmsgs safpeis (P 0) g  dtailis ulm
fgtavm`aðl sgstiladei. Q em ûetafm jgrfm oi fgtavm`aðl is ie istmog oi jeukg. ^aálsieg `gfg
histaðl ilirháta`m. @riílogeg, alvartaálogeg y sal oispiroa`amreg. Yl prgpðsatg g rmzðl `emrm ti
om ilirhæm. Ems prí`ta`ms qui ifpeii `uetavmríl ilirhæm pmrm su `iridrg y ie ristg oi su
`uirpg, y piquiýgs pmsgs safpeis riquairil pg`m ilirhæm.

Il istm si``aðl, bmdemrifgs sgdri `ðfg `uetavmr ulm pgoirgsm fgtavm`aðl sgstiladei
il tgrlg me mpriloazmki y em vaom qui ourm. Eg eghrmrifgs m`emrmlog su prgpðsatg,
jgfiltmlog em ilirhæm filtme y jæsa`m qui eg sgstilorí, y istmdei`ailog piquiýgs pmsgs
safpeis. Q tg`mlog istmogs oi jeukg.
 

Ie prgpðsatg lgs afpuesm m m`tumr, y luistrg prgpðsatg oidi sir eg suja`ailtifilti `emrg `gfg pmrm
smdir pgr quá istmfgs m`tumlog y quá ispirmfgs gdtilir. * Em ilirhæm suja`ailti is vatme; sa istís
`mlsmog g `gl suiýg, g sa tu `iridrg istí ludemog, iltgl`is lg tilorís ie `gfdustadei pmrm m`tumr.
^iquiýgs pmsgs safpeis riquairil ul isjuirzg fælafg y ivatml qui si pmrmea`i `gl mdrufmogr. Q
jalmefilti, il`gltrmr ie jeukg is em fikgr myuom pmrm em fgtavm`aðl.
 
 

88

^TG^ÐPA_G 

·@ðfg oitirfalml `airtms jrmsis oijalatgrams quaál iris7

·@ðfg ti oijalil tus vmegris7

·]uá oa`i tu siltaog oi PurPgsi sgdri quaál iris7

Ourmlti fu`bg taifpg, fa craptglatm jui em jmetm oi suiýg. Ogrfar lul`m bm saog jí`ae pmrm fæ. Oi laýg,
ourmlti mýgs, fi oioa`mdm m ems lg`bis lgrfmeis, istuoamlog emrhms bgrms trmtmlog oi `gfpilsmr
fas oismjægs oi mpriloazmki. Oismrrgeeá fmegs prgdeifms pmrm ogrfar. Paifpri istmdm `mlsmom il em
is`uiem, pirg oi tgogs fgogs supirmræm em jmtahm pgrqui tilæm ul juirti oisig oi trmdmkmr ourg y bm`ir
qui fa jmfaeam si saltairm grhueegsm. Fa prgpðsatg y rmzglis irml fuy `emrms, msæ qui istmdm fuy
fgtavmog. Al`eusg oispuás oi qui mpriloæ bmdaeaomois oi mpriloazmki m`ieirmog m egs =2 mýgs y ym lg
tuvi qui pmsmr bgrms eg`ms, fa alsgflag `gltaluð bmstm em iomo mouetm y bm ifpigrmog
`glstmltifilti; ogs m `umtrg bgrms il tgtme oi suiýg fuy altirrufpaog ourmlti ulgs 4> mýgs.

@umltg fís taifpg pmsis sal ogrfar, fís oajæ`ae sirí fmltilir ul siltaog oi rimeaomo, g fgtavm`aðl,
pmrm ie `msg. Em jmetm oi suiýg `gfprgfiti tgoms sus bmdaeaomois `ghlatavms, su iljgqui, su fifgram y su
smeuo `iridrme il hilirme. Yl jm`tgr `gltraduyilti `gfûl pmrm em oiprisaðl y fu`bgs trmstgrlgs oie istmog
oi ílafg is em jmetm oi suiýg. ^uiog omr ji oi egs euhmris gs`urgs il egs qui fi bi il`gltrmog `gfg
risuetmog oi em jmetm oi suiýg. Fa oas`ursg altilsg y fa atalirmrag oi vamki hegdme `airtmfilti lg myuomrgl3 ul
mýg istuvi il ie `mfalg pgr 409 oæms. [glms bgrmrams, oisjmsi bgrmrag, bmdatm`aglis oi bgtie mýikms
ois`glg`aoms, ti bm`is ulm aoim. Q fa `iridrg eg istmdm saltailog3 afmhælilsi m ul ixpirtg il fifgram
gevaomlog il quá `auomo si istí oispirtmlog.
 

Istg fi oikð pirpeikg, pgrqui `gfg istuoamlti oi fioatm`aðl oisoi bm`i fu`bg taifpg, fa
filti lg istmdm rufamlog la `grrailog pgr em lg`bi3 istmdm eg fís trmlquaeg pgsadei. Bm`i sgeg ul
puýmog oi mýgs, `umlog tirfalá bgspatmeazmog pgr vmrams lg`bis sal ois`mlsmr, pmrta`apá il ul
istuoag oi suiýg lg`turlg y fi oamhlgsta`mrgl mplim gdstru`tavm sivirm oie suiýg, ul trmstgrlg

jæsa`g ogloi ivaoiltifilti oiká oi risparmr fís oi 4>> vi`is `mom ulg. y tgoms ems lg`bis Bgy,
oispuás oi fûetapeis trmtmfailtgs, fi meihrm oi`ar qui fa suiýg is fu`bg fikgr. Ylm viz qui
puoi mrrihemr em gdstru``aðl jæsa`m `gl em `aruhæm, puoi gptafazmr fa suiýg `gl ulm sirai oi
birrmfailtmss qui `udrará
birrmfailtm `udrará  @mpætueg 2  .

Ourmlti fas fgfiltgs fís oajæ`aeis, fi bi prihultmog pgr quá sahg bm`ailog eg qui bmhg. ·^gr quá eu`bmr
`umlog pgoræm oi`arfi jí`aefilti qui lg tilhg em ilirhæm pmrm istg7 @umlog irm laýg, fa prgpðsatg y fgtavm`aðl
(fgtavg pmrm m`tumr) irm `gfpilsmr fa jmetm oi tmeiltg `gl trmdmkg ourg, pmrm oifgstrmrfi m fæ fasfg qui irm
`mpmz. ^irg ulm viz qui bmdæm laviemog fa mpriloazmki, ·pgr quá sihuæ trmdmkmlog tml ourg, m pismr oi istmr

mhgtmog, `gl jmetm oi suiýg y ul altrgvirtaog ixtrifg, pmrm bm`ir oas`ursg trms oas`ursg, vaoig trms vaoig, pgo`mst
trms pgo`mst7 Is eg fasfg qui fi eeivð oi laým; tilhg ul prgpðsatg `emrg y oijalaog. Lg quairg qui lmoai eu`bi y
sujrm `gfg yg. Em fasaðl qui fi afpuesm is oisdegquimr `iridrgs fikgris y fís draeemltis. M filuog, luistrms
fmygris eu`bms `glou`il m luistrms fmygris jgrtmeizms. Fas ogs fmygris oismjægs oi laým juirgl mpriloir y
bmdemr il pûdea`g. Em vaom taili siltaog oie bufgr pgrqui pmsg em fmygr pmrti oi fa vaom bmdemlog il pûdea`g sgdri
ie mpriloazmki. Lg pgoæm eiir, y mbgrm ilsiýg m pirsglms oi tgog ie fulog m eiir fikgr. Eu`bá pgr `gfpriloir fa
`iridrg, y mbgrm bmdeg jrilti m muoail`ams oi faeis pmrm myuomregs m `gfpriloir em al`riædei birrmfailtm qui
pgsiil. Mpriloæ qui bmy ul rihmeg il em fmygræm oi egs oismjægs. Oie fasfg fgog, oá`moms oi jmetm oi suiýg fi
bml omog ogs ei``aglis fuy afpgrtmltis. ^rafirg, fi bm gdeahmog m vavar tgog il isti eadrg. Lg pgoræm riloar me lavie
qui bmhg sal ems birrmfailtms qui bi mpriloaog, msæ qui bi oupea`mog tgog eg qui ilsiýg. Tmrmfilti tilhg qui
pripmrmrfi pmrm ul oas`ursg, pgrqui usg istms bmdaeaomois tgogs egs oæms. Egs vavg Is quail sgy. Em vaom taili
siltaog oie bufgr pgrqui pmsg em fmygr pmrti oi fa vaom bmdemlog il pûdea`g sgdri ie mpriloazmki. Lg pgoæm eiir, y
mbgrm ilsiýg m pirsglms oi tgog ie fulog m eiir fikgr. Eu`bá pgr `gfpriloir fa `iridrg, y mbgrm bmdeg jrilti m
muoail`ams oi faeis pmrm myuomregs m `gfpriloir em al`riædei birrmfailtm qui pgsiil. Mpriloæ qui bmy ul rihmeg
il em fmygræm oi egs oismjægs. Oie fasfg fgog, oá`moms oi jmetm oi suiýg fi bml omog ogs ei``aglis fuy
afpgrtmltis. ^rafirg, fi bm gdeahmog m vavar tgog il isti eadrg. Lg pgoræm riloar me lavie qui bmhg sal ems
birrmfailtms qui bi mpriloaog, msæ qui bi oupea`mog tgog eg qui ilsiýg. Tmrmfilti tilhg qui pripmrmrfi pmrm
ul oas`ursg, pgrqui usg istms bmdaeaomois tgogs egs oæms. Egs vavg Is quail sgy. Em vaom taili siltaog oie bufgr pgrqui pmsg em fmy
Il sihulog euhmr, bi tilaog qui sir fuy `emrg sgdri fa prgpðsatg, fa aoiltaomo, fas vmegris
y fas rmzglis pmrm bm`ir eg qui bmhg tgogs egs oæms. @umlog lg ouirfis y tailis ulm `mltaomo
fuy eafatmom oi ilirhæm y `gl`iltrm`aðl, lg em oispiroa`ams. Ystio pragrazm y m`emrm sus
`gfprgfasgs y
 

pgr quá egs istís bm`ailog. _goms isms iei``aglis bml eeivmog m ulm almhgtmdei fgtavm`aðl. Oi isg is
oi eg qui bmdemrifgs il isti `mpætueg.

@GFAIL@I @GL ^GT ]YÁ

Iltri fas eadrgs jmvgratgs istí @gfail`i `gl pgr quá pgr Pafgl Palic, m quail iltrivastá vmrams
vi`is il fa prghrmfm. M filuog iljmtazm em afpgrtml`am oi pgoir trmlsfatar m egs oifís.
oifís. pgr
 pgr quá tû
eg bm`is quá tû eg bm`is. Pa, ixpea`m Palic, puiois mrta`uemr em `riil`am qui ti istí afpuesmlog (tu
pgr quá), em hilti quirrí eg qui istís gjri`ailog. G, `gfg suiei oi`ar; "Em hilti lg `gfprm quá
`gfprm quá

ustio `gfprm pgr quá eg bm`is, iltgl`is si sahui qui sa lg smdis pgr quá tû eg bm`is quá ·@ðfg
eg bmrí mehuail fís7
Bmy ulm rmzðl pgr em `ume em sihulom oi ems prihultms fíha`ms is; "·^gr quá oidg usmr istg7"
(·Ti`uiroms ems gtrms ogs prihultms7) ^mrm em fmygræm oi egs laýgs, su pmemdrm jmvgratm is pgr
is pgr quá, qui
prihultml tgog ie taifpg. ·Pmdis pgr quá irm afpgrtmlti fifgrazmr em tmdem piraðoa`m g ems ji`bms
bastðra`ms7 Pa lg eg bm`i, prgdmdeifilti lg egs ri`uiroi. Is`u`bmfgs ems pmemdrms prgpðsatg
pmemdrms prgpðsatg y

fitms si usm `gl jri`uil`am il egs lihg`ags, pirg ·smdifgs rimefilti eg qui sahlaja`ml y `ðfg sgl
ahumeis g oajiriltis7 Yl gdkitavg is ie pultg qui ulg oisim me`mlzmr. Yl prgpðsatg is em rmzðl pgr em `ume
ulg mpultm m eghrmr ulm fitm. Qm sim qui su gdkitavg sim eiir ul eadrg m em sifmlm, mpriloir gtrg aoagfm,
pglirsi il jgrfm g safpeifilti smear oi em gja`alm m taifpg pmrm vir m su jmfaeam, istms sgl tgoms
t goms ems
`gsms qui oidi eghrmr. ·^irg `ðfg bm`is istg7 Ylm oi ems jgrfms pgpuemris is istmdei`ir
ist mdei`ir gdkitavgs
AL_IEAHIL_IP. Pæ, isti is ul m`rðlafg;

P is Agr PPi`aAa`; _u gdkitavg oidi istmr dail oijalaog. Lg oahms qui quairis sir ra`g3
oahm qui quairi hmlmr ulm `airtm `mltaomo oi oalirg.

F is Agr fioadei; Pa lg puioi fioar su gdkitavg, lg puioi mofalastrmreg. * Ie mkusti oie

mtmqui lg is fioadei, `grrir ulm faeem oi sias falutgs sæ eg is.

M is Agr m``aglmdei; Lg `glou`aræms m ulm `auomo luivm sal pioar aloa`m`aglis.

Oismrrgeei egs pmsgs oi m``aðl pmrm eghrmr su gdkitavg.
T is rimeastm. Pa vavis il ie sðtmlg oi tus pmoris, is oajæ`ae `glvirtarti il
faeeglmrag. Pus gdkitavgs oidil oismjamreg y istarmreg, pirg lg tmltg `gfg pmrm
rilul`amr m ieegs.
 

_ istí dmsmog il ie taifpg; Fi vaili m em filti em jrmsi "Yl gdkitavg is ul suiýg `gl ulm ji`bm
eæfati". Istmdei`ir ul taifpg pmrm `gfpeitmr su gdkitavg eg bm`i fu`bg fís prgpilsg m me`mlzmreg.

Ie oismjæg pmrm fu`bms pirsglms is qui isti prg`isg, mulqui eðha`g, is fuy ifdramhmogr. ^mrm
sm`mr tus fitms oi tu `mdizm y pglirems il tus fmlgs, msihûrmti oi qui il`mkil `gl tus ifg`aglis,
`gl tu @GTM[ÐL;

B is smeuomdei ·@ðfg puioi msihurmrsi oi qui sus gdkitavgs rispmeoil su fmygr

dailistmr7 Pus gdkitavgs oidil `gltraduar m su smeuo filtme, jæsa`m y ifg`aglme.

I is ourmoirg; Pus gdkitavgs oidil alsparmreg y fmltilireg ourmlti egs fgfiltgs oajæ`aeis il egs
qui oisim oikmr oi jufmr.

M is jms`almlti; Lg saifpri oidis isjgrzmrti pmrm trmdmkmr il tus gdkitavgs.

Oidil sir tml ifg`aglmltis, mtrm`tavgs y mtrm`tavgs qui ti mtrmahml bm`am ieegs.

T is rieivmlti; Lg istmdeiz`m ul gdkitavg sal smdir pgr quá eg istí istmdei`ailog. Aoimefilti, sus
gdkitavgs oidil riem`aglmrsi `gl ul oismjæg qui istí tilailog, ie prgpðsatg oi su vaom g sus vmegris
julomfiltmeis.

_ is em viromo; Lg istmdeiz`m ul gdkitavg sgeg pgrqui su vi`alg eg istí bm`ailog g

sus pmoris eg ispirml oi ustio. Msihûrisi oi qui su gdkitavg sim mehg qui oisii,
mehg qui ei sim jaie. Pa su gdkitavg lg is jaie m ustio, is fu`bg fís prgdmdei qui si
oifgri y si smdgtii.

PGDTI ^TG^ÐPA_G Q ^MPAÐL

@glg`ir tu prgpðsatg il em vaom ti myuom m vavar `gl altihraomo. Ems pirsglms qui `glg`il su
prgpðsatg il em vaom smdil quaális sgl, quá sgl y pgr quá eg sgl. Q `umlog ti `glg`is, is fís
jí`ae vavar ulm vaom qui sim jaie m tus vmegris julomfiltmeis.

Ie prgpðsatg oi su vaom `glsasti il egs gdkitavgs fgtavmogris `iltrmeis oi su vvaom;

aom; ems rmzglis pgr ems qui si
eivmltm pgr em fmýmlm. Ie prgpðsatg puioi huamr ems oi`asaglis oi em vaom, aljeuar il ie `gfpgrtmfailtg, omr jgrfm m
egs gdkitavgs, gjri`ir ul siltaog oi oari``aðl y `rimr sahlaja`mog. ^mrm fæ, ie prgpðsatg oi fa vaom is `rimr ul fulog

oi `iridrgs fikgris y fís draeemltis.

 

Ie aoagfm alheás istí pemhmog oi pmemdrms qui si usml aloastaltmfilti, `gfg sa sahlaja`mrml eg
fasfg. _gfifgs ems pmemdrms dglatg
pmemdrms dglatg y tapg,
tapg,  pgr ikifpeg. Istms ogs pmemdrms m filuog si usml
oi em fasfm fmlirm, pirg sus rmæ`is rivieml ulm bastgram oajirilti. Ie grahil oi dglatg
oi dglatg prgvaili
oi em pmemdrm emtalm

lis`ag 
pmemdrme  gpmriltis`g.
qui sahlaja`m
pmriltis`g.   e "ahlgrmlti".
I _apg, 
_apg,
siltaog grahalme oip  gr
em gtrg emog,
pmemdrm is"lmturmeizm,
irm oi grahil * irfíla`g y istí riem`aglmog
ie groil lmturme" `gl em
y "`mrí`tir allmtg,
jgrfm g `gloa`aðl". Pi trmlsjgrfð oi em silsm`aðl oi "siltafailtg oi pmrailtis ulgs `gl gtrgs", y si
`glvartað il ulm pmemdrm qui sahlaja`mdm "mfahmdei, oieadirmomfilti bm`ir ie dail m egs oifís". =

Em pmsaðl y ie prgpðsatg istíl il ie fasfg `mfpg; m filuog si `gljuloil iltri sæ.

Mfdgs `gl`iptgs si oas`util m trmvás oi Altirlit, il eadrgs fgtavm`aglmeis, il `bmrems
_IO. Is jí`ae siltar qui oidi jmetmr sa lg sailti ulm pmsaðl mroailti g ul prgpðsatg il
su vaom. Il fa ixpirail`am, sal ifdmrhg, pmsaðl y prgpðsatg lg sgl eg fasfg3 il
`mfdag, ulg eeivm me gtrg.

Il`gltrmr tu pmsaðl lg si trmtm oi ieihar ie `mfalg `grri`tg g il`gltrmr ie oistalg prgjisaglme

pirji`tg. Pi trmtm oi ixpirafiltmr pmrm vir quá il`ailoi tu meihræm. Em pmsaðl eeihm `umlog
riois`udrafgs luistrg sir mutálta`g y vavg, ie qui bm saog saeil`amog y iltirrmog dmkg ulm paem oi
ixpi`tmtavms oi gtrms pirsglms. Lg bmy ul sgeg `mfalg `grri`tg pmrm sir ois`udairtg g riviemog.
Il `mfdag, `rig qui `umlog altir`mfdamfgs ulm filtmeaomo jakm pgr ulm filtmeaomo oi
`ri`afailtg, `gfg oas`utafgs il 
il @mpætueg : Il em si``aðl sgdri fatgs, mpriloifgs qui egs
altirisis puioil oismrrgeemrsi m trmvás oi em ixpirail`am, em alvirsaðl y em eu`bm.

Moifís, si puioil `uetavmr oajiriltis pmsaglis safuetílimfilti. Lg tailis qui ieihar ulg sgdri ie
gtrg `umlog istís ixpegrmlog. Il`gltrmr tu pmsaðl is `gfg il`gltrmr ie mfgr viromoirg, ym qui tailis
qui smear il fu`bms `atms pmrm eeihmr m em pmrikm pirji`tm. Ylm viz qui il`uiltri m ism pirsglm
ispi`ame, lg sgeg fíha`mfilti "jul`aglmrí", pgrqui si li`isatm isjuirzg pmrm `glstruar ulm riem`aðl.
Il`gltrmr su pmsaðl lg is oajirilti; si li`isatm ixpirafiltmr pmrm vir quá bm`i `ea` pmrm ustio, y
riquairi isjuirzg.

Il risufil, em pmsaðl is eg qui ti aeufalm pgr oiltrg. Fa pmsaðl pgr mpriloir lm`að oi tme eu`bm
qui si `glvartað il ulm pmrti afpgrtmlti oi em aoiltaomo oi fa vaom.
 

CXAC P_MT_ 

·@uíeis sgl tus pmsaglis m`tumeis7 Eastm tris.

Ie prgpðsatg, sal ifdmrhg, si trmtm oi `ðfg ti riem`aglms `gl gtrms pirsglms. Ie prgpðsatg is eg qui
istís mquæ pmrm `gfpmrtar `gl ie fulog. Is `ðfg usms tu pmsaðl. @umlog ti pglis m ieeg, tgogs
tilifgs ie fasfg prgpðsatg; myuomr m gtrms pirsglms m trmvás oi luistrm pmsaðl. Em fmygr tmrim qui
tilifgs il em vaom is `gfpmrtar ie `glg`afailtg y ems bmdaeaomois qui m`ufuemfgs. Lg taili qui sir
fís `gfpeikg qui isg.

Pu pmsaðl puioi sir ie tikaog oi `mlmstms dmkg ie mhum, pirg su prgpðsatg is

`gfpmrtar ie tikaog oi `mlmstms dmkg ie mhum `gl gtrms pirsglms. Fa pmsaðl is mpriloir
y fa prgpðsatg is ilsiýmr m gtrms pirsglms m mpriloir. Istg istí tml prgjulomfilti
mrrmahmog qui lg tilhg qui gdeahmrfi m bm`ireg, is mehg lmturme. Fi oispairtg eastg,
fgtavmog y ifg`aglmog pgr myuomr m ems pirsglms m mpriloir. Ie alvatmog oi pgo`mst
Kglmtbml Jaieos, julomogr oie * ggo Eaji ^rgki`t, `rii qui lmturmefilti tilorifgs
fu`bms pmsaglis il ie trmls`ursg oi luistrms vaoms. Oidaog m qui `mfdamrís, ie
fioag m trmvás oie `ume ixprisms tus pmsaglis tmfdaál `mfdamrí. Áe `rii qui sa ti
oijalis pgr ulm pmsaðl fuy ispi`æja`m y tu vaom `mfdam oi ulm fmlirm qui lg ti
pirfati pirsihuar ism pmsaðl pgr fís taifpg, pgoræms siltarti piroaog.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·@glg`is ie prgpðsatg oi tu vaom7 Al`eusg sa mûl lg eg bm`i, is`radm ul pg`g sgdri eg

qui pgoræm sir.

·]YAÁL @TIIP ]YI ITIP7

Eg qui m filuog lg si oas`uti il em dûsquiom oi em fgtavm`aðl is em aoiltaomo; quaál iris. . .
y quail tu pilsmr
tu pilsmr Istís il tu lû`eig. Oa`il egs ogs fís
 

ems pmemdrms pgoirgsms il alheás sgl ems fís `grtms; "Qg sgy". Eg qui pglhms oispuás oi
isms ogs pmemdrms oitirfalm tu oistalg.
Oahmfgs qui quairis oikmr oi jufmr. _me viz bm ri`adaog mehulms movirtil`ams oi su fáoa`g y
jalmefilti si ei g`urri em aoim oi qui oidi oikmr oi jufmr. Pa si aoiltaja`m `gfg jufmogr y oa`i

rihuemrfilti; "Pgy ul jufmogr", sirí oajæ`ae oikmr oi jufmr bmstm qui oisfmltiei ism aoiltaomo.
@umlog oa`is qui istís oijalaog pgr ulm m``aðl pmrta`uemr, isil`amefilti ti istís pripmrmlog
pmrm aoiltaja`mrti y kustaja`mr `airtg `gfpgrtmfailtg. Istg is tml altihrme pmrm ie `mfdag oi
`gfpgrtmfailtg qui lg si puioi ixmhirmr. Yl istuoag jms`almlti oi em Ylavirsaomo oi Ptmljgro
fgstrð egs iji`tgs oie `idmog il egs pmrta`apmltis. Ie alvistahmogr @brastgpbir Dryml sipmrð m egs
pmrta`apmltis il ogs hrupgs. Ie prafir hrupg rispgloað m ul `uistaglmrag qui al`euæm jrmsis `gfg
"vgtmr" y prihultms `gfg "·]uá tml afpgrtmlti is pmrm ustio vgtmr7" Ie `uistaglmrag oie sihulog
hrupg tilæm prihultms eahirmfilti metirmoms, sir
metirmoms, sir vgtmlti S   áljmsas mýmoaogV7"  4 _mfdaál si
prihultð m egs pmrta`apmltis sa pemlimdml vgtmr il ems prðxafms iei``aglis. Fís tmroi, egs
alvistahmogris utaeazmrgl rihastrgs pûdea`gs oi vgtm`aðl pmrm `gljarfmr sa egs pmrta`apmltis bmdæml
vgtmog g lg. Dryml y su iquapg ois`udrairgl qui egs pmrta`apmltis `uym il`uistm al`euæm
oi`emrm`aglis oi aoiltaja`m`aðl pirsglme `gfg "vgtmlti" tilæml ul =0 pgr `ailtg fís oi
prgdmdaeaomois oi vgtmr qui mquieegs m quailis safpeifilti si eis prihultð sgdri em
prgdmdaeaomo oi qui vgtmrml. 0

@umlog oi`aoms aoiltaja`mrti

aoiltaja`mrti `gls`ailtifilti `gl ie bídatg g em fitm qui oisims `rimr g
me`mlzmr, g sa lg ti aoiltaja`ms `gls`ailtifilti `gl ul bídatg qui ym lg oisims, ixpirafiltmrís ul
pgoir ilgrfi. Pa ti bms istmog oa`ailog tgom tu vaom qui mprilois eiltmfilti, g qui lg puiois

mpriloir, puiois
puiois `gfilzmr m oi`arti "Pgy ul mpriloaz rípaog y ija`ailti". Ie afpuesg fís ieivmog
qui tilifgs is m`tumr oi fmlirm `glsastilti `gl em jgrfm il qui lgs pir`adafgs m lgsgtrgs
fasfgs; is ulm oi ems juirzms fís pgoirgsms oie ulavirsg. Ûsieg pmrm su dilija`ag.

CXAC P_MT_ 

_ðfisi :> sihulogs y, `grrailti oi `gl`ail`am, is`radm mehulms oi`emrm`aglis oi "Qg sgy".
 

YLM KITMT]YÆM OI ZMEGTIP

Euihg, oidifgs `glsaoirmr luistrgs vmegris. ^uioi `gljahurmr egs bídatgs fikgr pilsmogs,
pirg sa sus vmegris lg istíl mealimogs `gl ie gdkitavg jalme, lg eg bmrí. ^gr ikifpeg, mehuail
qui quairm ri`gromr egs lgfdris oi ems pirsglms oidi vmegrmr ems riem`aglis y su `glixaðl
`gl gtrms pirsglms. Pu `gfpgrtmfailtg taili qui mpgymr sus vmegris oi mehulm fmlirm, g
lg bmy afpuesg pmrm ieeg.

Luistrgs vmegris tailil ulm kirmrquæm pmrm ieegs. Pa ti prihultmrm quá is eg fís afpgrtmlti pmrm ta il em
vaom, pgoræms oi`arfi qui em jmfaeam is ulg oi tus vmegris julomfiltmeis. Euihg prihultmræm quá bm`i em
jmfaeam pgr ta. ^mrm
^ mrm fæ, prgpgr`aglm mfgr. ^mrm ta, pgoræm prgpgr`aglmr pirtilil`am. Em oastal`aðl afpgrtmlti
mquæ is qui em jmfaeam is ul
sahlaja`m vmegr  -ul fioag pmrm ul jal. egs  vmegr jalme is il rimeaomo mfgr g pirtilil`am. @umlog
gdsirvmfgs luistrgs vmegris, pgoifgs oitirfalmr sa ie vmegr qui bifgs istmdei`aog is ul jal g sa
ivg`m mehg fís. Egs vmegris oidil sir pragrazmogs. Fas vmegris sgl mfgr, `ri`afailtg, `gltradu`aðl

y mvilturm, il isi groil. @mom vmegr si dmsm y `gltraduyi me sahuailti. Egs vmegris oi ulg tailoil
m lg `mfdamr oi mýg il mýg m filgs qui ixpirafilti `gloa`aglis oi vaom qui egs `mfdail, `gfg
tilir ul bakg, piroir m ul sir quiraog g tirfalmr ulm riem`aðl, pgr lgfdrmr sgeg mehulgs.

@umlog ois`glg`ifgs luistrgs vmegris y egs vmegris oi ems pirsglms fís `ir`mlms m lgsgtrgs,
si `rim ul ispm`ag pmrm qui surkml `gljea`tgs3 em oas`groam hilirmefilti risuetm oi vmegris il
`gljea`tg. Oahmfgs qui sus vmegris al`euyil mvilturm y eadirtmo. Pa su pmrikm vmegrm em sihuraomo, lg
is sgrpriloilti qui m filuog istá il oism`uirog. Lg is qui ul `glkultg oi vvmegrismegris sim `grri`tg y
ie gtrg sim al`grri`tg, is qui lg istíl mealimogs. G oahmfgs qui mfdgs vmegrml fu`bg ie rispitg,

pirg eg qui `glsaoirml rispitugsg g arrispitugsg

arr ispitugsg oajairi. _gomvæm bmy ispm`ag pmrm ie oism`uirog m
filgs qui bmym bmdemog sgdri eg qui `glstatuyi rispitg.

BMEEM[HG _Y
TM[GLIP
@umlog si trmtm oi bm`ir mehg il em vaom, ems rmzglis `gsi`bml ri`gfpilsms. Fa bastgram is ivaoil`am oi qui
siltarsi dail lg is li`ismrag pmrm siltarsi fgtavmog. Pa budairm ispirmog bmstm isi oæm, bmdræm oikmog oi
ilsiýmr m gtrgs m mpriloir fikgr `umlog fas prgdeifms pmrm ogrfar mufiltmrml. Q moifís, ·`uíltms vi`is
lgs bifgs siltaog dail il ul oæm oitirfalmog y tgomvæm lg bifgs bi`bg eg qui oakafgs qui bmræmfgs7 ustio
 

pgoræm siltarsi al`riædei y mûl lg bm`ir lmom sa sus rmzglis pmrm bm`ireg lg sgl eg suja`ailtifilti
juirtis.
Ems rmzglis qui istíl val`uemoms m su prgpðsatg, aoiltaomo y vmegris eg fgtavmríl eg suja`ailti `gfg
pmrm m`tumr, al`eusg jrilti m tgogs egs gdstí`uegs oamrags qui em vaom pgli il su `mfalg. Em smeuomdei

fukir oi 8> mýgs lg vm me haflmsag m ems ?;09

M.F pgrqui ei hustm, vm pgrqui fmltilir su smeuo pmrm pgoir sihuar `gl su jmfaeam is
suja`ailti fgtavm`aðl pmrm áe, m pismr oi qui prijiraræm ogrfar. Em duilm istuoamlti lg
tgfm su eadrg oi tixtg pgrqui istí il ul duil istmog istmog mlafa`g. Eg bm`i pgrqui
quairi supirmr ism pruidm pmrm tilir ems fikgris pgsadaeaomois oi `glsihuar em pmsmltæm
qui em eeivmrí me trmdmkg oi sus suiýgs.

Is prgdmdei qui bmym ulm duilm rmzðl oitrís oi `mom tmrim qui oidi rimeazmr, al`eusg ems
oismhrmomdeis. Lg ti il`mltm pripmrmr em `ilm, pirg quairis qui tu jmfaeam `gfm dail y iltailois
egs pieahrgs oi oipiloir oifmsamog oi em `gfaom pmrm eeivmr
e eivmr y em `gfaom rípaom. Lg si sailti

`ðfgog omlog oas`ursgs, pirg smdi qui su iquapg oipiloi oi ustio pmrm riular m tgom em
grhmlazm`aðl oitrís oi su prgyi`tg il em `gljiril`am. Ei risuetm oismeiltmogrm y ul pg`g mdurraom
em i`glgfæm, pirg li`isatm em `emsi pmrm gdtilir su tætueg oi fmrcitalh, y lg puioi ispirmr pmrm
pglir sus bmdaeaomois oi fmrcitalh m trmdmkmr il ie fulog rime.

Pa taili oaja`uetmois pmrm il`gltrmr em fgtavm`aðl pmrm mpriloir g pmrm eghrmr `umequair gtrm
`gsm il su vaom, ixasti ulm duilm pgsadaeaomo oi qui lg bmym ois`udairtg pgr quá oi em tmrim.
@glsaoiri su pmsaðl, su aoiltaomo oisimom y sus vmegris; ·`ðfg puioil `rimr em dmsi oi sus
rmzglis7 Qm smdis qui is fu`bg fís prgdmdei qui ri`uirois mehg `umlog istís fgtavmog pmrm
ri`gromreg. ^gr ie `gltrmrag, sa lg il`uiltrm lalhulm fgtavm`aðl pmrm `glg`ir ie lgfdri oi
mehuail, eg gevaomrí tml prgltg `gfg pmsi m su prðxafm `glvirsm`aðl. Oahmfgs qui su pmsaðl is
myuomr m ems pirsglms m jgrkmr fikgris riem`aglis, aoiltaja`mrsi `gfg ul `gli`tgr y ulg oi sus
vmegris is ie mfgr. Pus rmzglis pmrm mpriloir m ri`gromr lgfdris pgoræml sir jí`aeis oi
il`gltrmr; "]uairg mpriloir m ri`gromr lgfdris pmrm pgoir `gli`tmrfi fikgr `gl ems pirsglms
oi fa `gfulaomo y myuomr m jgfiltmr ulm rio fís juirti oi pirsglms qui fi afpgrtml".

Il isti fgfiltg, oitálhmsi y `glsaoiri tris rmzglis pgr ems qui oisim mpriloir fikgr. Pus
rmzglis oidil sir `gl`ritms, `gfg; "]uairg mpriloir ispmýge pmrm pgoir jalmefilti bmdemr `gl fa
suihrg" g "]uairg mpriloir em bastgram oi Istmogs Ylaogs pmrm pgoir myuomr m fa bakg
bak g m mpriloir fikgr
 il em is`uiem" g "]uairg mpriloir 

`ðfg alvistahmr fikgr pmrm pgoir tirfalmr fa peml oi lihg`ags y il`gltrmr ul alvirsgr pmrm
fa ifprism ". Is`rædiegs.
_ilir rmzglis fi bm myuomog m sir fís `emrg `umlog si trmtm oi `gfprgfasgs. Ylm hrml pmrti oie mfgr prgpag
is prgtihir su taifpg y ilirhæm. Istmdei`ir eæfatis merioiogr oi su
s u taifpg, ifg`aglis, smeuo filtme y ispm`ag is

al`riædeifilti vatme il `umequair fgfiltg, pirg ispi`amefilti `umlog lg ouirfi. @umlog ei jmetm ie `gfdustadei
li`ismrag, `gfg ogrfar g `gfir, sus ri`ursgs lg sgl tml mdulomltis `gfg il gtrms g`msaglis, pgr eg qui prgtihir
eg qui taili si vuievi fuy afpgrtmlti. @umlog tgfg oi`asaglis, tgog is ul `aieg sæ g ul `aieg lg (sgeg trmtg oi
fmltilireg eafpag mquæ). Pa lg fi sailtg `gfpeitmfilti mealimog `gl mehg, lg eg bmhg, pgrqui lg tilhg ilirhæm oi
sgdrm. Q bglistmfilti puiog oi`ar qui lg sujrg oi JGFG (faiog m piroirfi). Il ems ûetafms sifmlms fi
alvatmrgl m ul puýmog oi riulaglis sg`ameis y emdgrmeis, pirg eg ri`bm`á pgrqui tilhg `emrg `uíe is fa prgpðsatg y
fa fgtavm`aðl pmrm pmsmr ie taifpg is`radailog isti eadrg. Fi il`mltmræm qui ti ulms m fæ pmrm `ieidrmr KGFG, em
meihræm oi piroirti. Em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lgs siltafgs `mlsmogs y jmtahmogs il istgs oæms. @rig qui is pgrqui
siltafgs qui li`isatmfgs oi`ar "sæ" m `mom gpgrtulaomo, alvatm`aðl g sgea`atuo qui si lgs prisilti. Pa dail is hilame
sir oi filti mdairtm y `glsaoirmr ems gp`aglis, `umlog oa`is sæ m mehg, oidis tilir `uaomog oi lg oi`arti lg m ta

fasfg la m tus prgpams li`isaomois. @rig qui is pgrqui siltafgs qui li`isatmfgs oi`ar "sæ" m ``mom mom gpgrtulaomo,
alvatm`aðl g sgea`atuo qui si lgs prisilti. Pa dail is hilame sir oi filti mdairtm y `glsaoirmr ems gp`aglis, `umlog
oa`is sæ m mehg, oidis tilir `uaomog oi lg oi`arti lg m ta fasfg la m tus prgpams li`isaomois. @rig qui is pgrqui
siltafgs qui li`isatmfgs oi`ar "sæ" m `mom gpgrtulaomo, alvatm`aðl g sgea`atuo qui si lgs prisilti. Pa dail is hilame
sir oi filti mdairtm y `glsaoirmr ems gp`aglis, `umlog oa`is sæ m mehg, oidis tilir `uaomog oi lg oi`arti lg m ta
fasfg la m tus prgpams li`isaomois.

·]YÁ _AILIP ]YI ^ITOIT7

·]uá is em fgtavm`aðl7 Em fgtavm`aðl is ul `glkultg oi ifg`aglis (ogegrgsms y pem`iltirms)
qui m`tûml `gfg `gfdustadei pmrm luistrms m``aglis. ·Oi oðloi vaili7 Em fgtavm`aðl prgvaili
oie prgpðsatg, siltar `gfpeitmfilti y msg`amrsi `gl ems `glsi`uil`ams oi luistrms m``aglis (g
alm``aglis). Bmhmfgs ul ikir`a`ag. Is`radi tgogs egs oisviltmkms
egs  oisviltmkms tailis qui iljriltmr sa lg
mprilois m usmr ie fmtirame oi isti eadrg. ·@uíltg ei `gstmrí mbgrm y il ie juturg7 ^gr ikifpeg,
pgoræm is`radar; "_ilorá qui sihuar istuoamlog fu`bg y `gljgrfmrfi `gl ems fasfms
`meaja`m`aglis g trmdmkgs fioag`ris". G; "Lg pgorá pmsmr taifpg `gl fas siris quiraogs" g "Lg
gdtilorá isi mufiltg". Em `emvi is msihurmrti oi siltar ems ifg`aglis. Lg bmhms oi istg ulm
`gsm altiei`tume. _gfmfgs oi`asaglis dmsmoms il `ðfg lgs siltafgs. Timefilti sailtm ie ogegr
qui tilorí sa lg bm`i mehg me rispi`tg. Istm is em ûla`m jgrfm il qui puioi bm`ir ul `mfdag me
jalme y eghrmr qui eg sahm.
 

Ie ogegr puioi sir tu fmistrg, sa eg usms y lg oikms qui ti usi m ta. Ysm ie ogegr pmrm eeivmrti m
bm`ir qui ems `gsms su`ioml. Pa iris bglistg, puiois is`radar mehg `gfg; ―_ilorá qui
`gljgrfmrfi `gl ul trmdmkg qui goag, hmlmr fuy pg`g oalirg, lg tilhg taifpg eadri pmrm fæ la
pmrm lmoai fís, y tilorá qui sgpgrtmreg pgr ie ristg oi fa vaom, mdurraom y jrustrmom ". ¡Istg ti bmrí

bm`ir mehg me rispi`tg! Bm`ireg mbgrm.

Mbgrm, mquæ istí em pmrti fís ifg`aglmlti. Is`radm tgogs egs dilija`ags

egs dilija`ags y
viltmkms ri`adarí oi mpriloir ems bmdaeaomois y tá`la`ms il isti eadrg. Bmhm ulm eastm oi `gsms
qui rimefilti eg ifg`aglmríl y fgtavmríl. ^gr ikifpeg; "^gorá supirmr fas ixífilis, tilir
fís taifpg pmrm istmr `gl em jmfaeam, `gfilzmr isi lihg`ag y mpriloir luivgs aoagfms pmrm
vamkmr pgr ie fulog". G; "¡_ilorá fís taifpg eadri pmrm bm`ir ikir`a`ag y istmr smeuomdei, pmrm
arfi oi vm`m`aglis oi prafmvirm y pmsmr fís taifpg `gl fa lgvag / lgvam!" G tme viz mehg
safpei `gfg; "¡Jalmefilti tilorá mehg oi taifpg eadri pmrm quiomr mtrmpmog y riemkmrfi!"

Luivmfilti, msihûrisi oi qui sus rmzglis siml eg suja`ailtifilti `glval`iltis `gfg pmrm istmr
rispmeomoms `gl ifg`aðl rime. Timefilti oidis eeihmr m vir y siltar egs dilija`ags oi mpriloir isti fmtirame.
Bm`ireg mbgrm.

_A^MLOG _GOG KYL_GP

Mbgrm, mpeaquifgs tgog istg me mpriloazmki. M fioaom qui mvml`i il istm si``aðl oi
"Fgtavm`aðl" oie eadrg, quairg qui `glsaoiri oðloi ie mpriloazmki il`mkm il su pmsaðl,
aoiltaomo, vmegris y rmzglis.
Lg jui bmstm qui jua mouetg qui il`gltrá fa pmsaðl y prgpðsatg. M trmvás oi fa eu`bm pgr
mpriloir, oismrrgeeá ul mfgr pgr ie mpriloazmki pgrqui fi myuoð m sir aeafatmog, y fa
prgpðsatg is ilsiýmr m gtrms pirsglms m mpriloir pmrm qui puioml eafatmrsi.

@umlog irm laýg, fi gdeahuá m istuoamr, trmtmlog oi ieivmrfi me lavie prgfioag. _ilæm fu`bgs
prgdeifms oi aoiltaomo qui risgevir3 Qg irm ie laýg `gl ie `iridrg rgtg, y `riæm qui irm istûpaog. _uvi
qui `mfdamr em jgrfm il qui fi viæm y rilul`amr m em aoiltaomo qui fi fmltuvg il`irrmog il em
afpgsadaeaomo oi mpriloir. Il euhmr oi oi`ar "Istgy rgtg", tuvi qui oi`ar; "Istgy mpriloailog".

Il `umltg m egs vmegris, `gfg fil`aglá mltiragrfilti, vmegrg ie `ri`afailtg y em mvilturm. ^mrm fæ, ie
mpriloazmki `mi oiltrg oi mfdgs, pgrqui `gltraduyi oari`tmfilti m fa `ri`afailtg y fi om ulm silsm`aðl
oi mvilturm, ispi`amefilti `umlog mprilog
 

Mehg lgviogsg y oismjamlti. Lg bmy mfdahõiomo mquæ3 Ie mpriloazmki `gltraduyi oari`tmfilti

me `ufpeafailtg oi fas vmegris.
@mom ulm oi fas rmzglis fi fmltaili fgtavmog pmrm pgoir myuomr m fís pirsglms m mpriloir.
@gfg `umequair mutgr smdi, is`radar ul eadrg is ul oismjæg. ^irg fa rmzðl pmrm is`radar isti eadrg, pmrm

ilsiýmr fas fátgogs m ul pûdea`g fís mfpeag il tgog ie fulog qui puioi lg tilir m``isg m fas
`ursgs il eælim, fi bm fmltilaog il fmr`bm.

Pa istís trmtmlog oi jgrzmr em fgtavm`aðl, pirg lg bms mdgromog istms aoiltaomois

alvasadeis y eafatmltis, lg eeihmrís fuy eikgs. @umlog ti sailtms mtrmpmog, rihrism m em
jgrfm il qui tu fitm si mkustm m tus vmegris y euihg prihûltmti quá is eg qui oidis
mealimr.
* * Tihrismlog m em eastm oie `mpætueg mltiragr oi ems saiti filtarms qui eg oitailil, quazís em
g`tmvm filtarm is qui ustio tilir fgtavm`aðl; qui ti oispairtis y ti sailtms fgtavmog tgogs egs
oæms. Em rimeaomo is qui tu bm`ir
tu bm`ir fgtavm`aðl. Il ûetafm alstml`am, em fgtavm`aðl is ul `glkultg oi

bídatgs y rutalms, huamogs pgr sus vmegris y su aoiltaomo, qui eeivm m `mdg tgogs egs oæms.

Mltis oi sihuar moiemlti

Il`gltrmr tu pmsaðl is omrti lgviomo y `geg`mrti il ul luivg iltgrlg pmrm vir quá ti
aeufalm. Is oajæ`ae bm`ireg sa ti sailtis eafatmog g sa iris `gls`ailti oi virti fme, msæ qui
oákmeg ar y oasjrutm oi em ixpirail`am. Isgs fgfiltgs ala`ameis oi al`gfgoaomo pgoræml
eeivmrti m ulm pmsaðl y ul prgpðsatg `gfpeitmfilti luivgs il em vaom. Mquæ bmy mehulms
`gsms pmrm prgdmr mltis oi pmsmr me sahuailti `mpætueg;

Is`radm ulm eastm oi sus oi`emrm`aglis fís `gfulis oi "Qg sgy". ·@ðfg ti sailtis m`ir`m
oi ems jgrfms il qui istms oi`emrm`aglis ti oijalil7 @rim ulm eastm oi ems `gsms qui fís
vmegrms. Mbgrm pragra`i ism eastm y pailsi `ðfg si mealim istg `gl su oijala`aðl oi ustio
fasfg.

* *y taili em `gstufdri oi bm`ir em prihultm "pgr quá" mltis oi bm`ir mehg.

 
 

ILITHÆM

·@ðfg ti msihurms oi qui tu `iridrg istá tml smlg y eeilg oi ilirhæm `gfg eg is7
·puioi sir7

·]uá oidg msihurmrfi oi tilir il fa oaitm7 ]uairg qui fa `iridrg

istmr il su pultg fís juirti7

·@ðfg gdtilhg saifpri duilms lg`bis7

_aili ul prgpðsatg `emrg pmrm bm`ir mehg, y bm oishegsmog ie prgyi`tg u gdkitavg il

pmsgs piquiýgs y safpeis. ·Isg hmrmltazm ulm fgtavm`aðl sgstiladei i aeafatmom7

^gr ikifpeg, al`eusg sa taili ulm rmzðl pmrm eiir m oamrag y taili ul peml pmrm eiir ourmlti sgeg `al`g
falutgs me oæm, eg qui puioi ivatmr qui eg bmhm is em jmtahm. Em vatmeaomo filtme y jæsa`m is ie `gfdustadei
li`ismrag pmrm afpuesmr sus m``aglis. @glg`ifgs em afpgrtml`am oi em histaðl oie taifpg. Duilg, em
fgtavm`aðl taili qui vir `gl em histaðl y em gptafazm`aðl oi em ilirhæm.

Mquæ istíl fas => ri`gfilom`aglis pmrm hilirmr ilirhæm `iridrme aeafatmom. ^gr `mom
`glsikg, `meajaqui, il ulm is`mem oie = me =>, `uíltm mtil`aðl istí pglailog il ism írim
ispi`æja`m. _i sgrpriloiríl tus rispuistms.

=. YLM DYILM OAI_M @ITIDTME

Em ixpirtm il risaeail`am, em Orm. Ivm Piebud, m filuog `gfpmrm ie `iridrg `gl ul vibæ`ueg oi metg
 riloafailtg. ―@gfg ul mutgfðvae `gstgsg‖, is`radi, ―su `iridrg jul`aglm fikgr `umlog sgeg gdtaili
riloafailtg.
`gfdustadei prifauf. @gfir meafiltgs oi metm `meaomo qui `gltilhml fu`bms vatmfalms, falirmeis y
mltagxaomltiss lutri ie
mltagxaomlti

`iridrg y eg prgtihi oie istrás gxaomtavg; egs 'oisi`bgs' (rmoa`meis eadris) prgou`aogs `umlog ie
`uirpg usm gxæhilg, qui puioi omýmr ems `áeuems ‖. = Ieem `gltalûm siýmemlog qui `umlog su
`iridrg si vi gdeahmog m jul`aglmr `gl `gfdustadei aljiragr, lg puioi bm`ir tgog pmrm eg qui jui
`rimog. Ie mzû`mr rijalmom, pgr ikifpeg, `gltraduyi me oitiragrg oi em jul`aðl `iridrme, `glou`i m em

aljemfm`aðl i al`eusg puioi `musmr oiprisaðl (mehg qui quazís oisii `glsaoirmr em prðxafm viz
qui dusqui ulm talm oi biemog pmrm eaoamr `gl ul oæm oajæ`ae). Il fas iltrivastms oi pgo`mst `gl em
Orm. Easm Fgs`gla, liurg`ailtæja`m, lutra`aglastm altihrmogrm y mutgrm oi @gfaom
oi  @gfaom pmrm ie `iridrg y Ie
`iridrg RR Ieem ixpea`m pgr quá ems li`isaomois oaitáta`ms oie `iridrg sgl oajiriltis oi ems oi
gtrgs ðrhmlgs. ―Ie `iridrg bufmlg riquairi ?9 lutrailtis oastaltgs pmrm jul`aglmr fikgr. Pa dail em
fmygræm oi istgs lutrailtis sgl `rimogs pgr ie prgpag `iridrg, ie ristg si afpgrtm oi luistrm oaitm
". 4

@gfg smdifgs `gl `irtizm qui ixasti ulm `glixaðl oari`tm iltri ulm duilm oaitm y ul `iridrg
smlg, is isil`ame qui meafilti m su `iridrg `gl egs fikgris meafiltgs qui em lmturmeizm taili pmrm
gjri`ir. Il em píhalm gpuistm, virí ulm eastm oi fas => meafiltgs pmrm ie `iridrg jmvgratgs. (^mrm
vir ul vaoig rípaog sgdri `ðfg fifgrazmr istm eastm, vmym m www.Eafatei
www.EafateissDggc.`gf/ri
ssDggc.`gf/risgur`is
sgur`is  .) Pa
ustio is ie tapg oi pirsglm qui goam is`u`bmr qui li`isatm `gfir sus virourms, ifpeimr istm eastm
puioi riquirar ul pg`g oi mkusti. ^irg bmy mehulms duilms lgta`ams, pgrqui bmy ivaoil`am qui
fuistrm qui su `iridrg jul`aglm fuy dail `gl ul pg`g oi `bg`gemti lihrg il em fiz`em.
Ti`uiroi, eg qui `gfi afpgrtm, ispi`amefilti pmrm su fmtiram hras.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·@uíeis sgl tus `gfaoms `iridrmeis jmvgratms7 ·@ðfg puiois al`grpgrmr ulg fís il tu
oaitm oamram7

EGP => FIKGTIP MEAFIL_GP @ITIDTMEIP

Mhum`mtis; ^rgpgr`aglml hrmsms fglgalsmturmoms, eg qui myuom m fmltilir ul jeukg

smlhuælig smeuomdei.
 

Mrílomlgs; ^rgtihil su `iridrg oie istrás gxaomtavg y riou`il egs iji`tgs oie ilviki`afailtg
`iridrme. _mfdaál bm bmdaog istuoags qui oifuistrml qui puioil myuomr `gl em fifgram.

Drð`gea; Ylm hrml juilti oi vatmfalm C, qui si smdi qui fikgrm em jul`aðl `ghlatavm
y em fifgram.
@bg`gemti lihrg; Istg myuom m tu `gl`iltrm`aðl y `gl`iltrm`aðl y istafuem ems ilogrjalms.
Ie `bg`gemti tmfdaál taili jemvglgaois, qui bml oifgstrmog fikgrmr em jul`aðl `ghlatavm.
@umltg fís gs`urg mquæ, fikgr, ym qui ie `bg`gemti fís gs`urg taili filgs mzû`mr, y ym
bifgs bmdemog oi `ðfg ie mzû`mr is mehg pmrm `gfir `gl fgoirm`aðl.

Buivgs; ^rgpgr`aglml `gealm qui fikgrm em fifgram y istafuem ie `iridrg.

Bgrtmeazms oi bgkm viroi; Istms sgl duilms juiltis oi vatmfalm I, qui riou`i egs iji`tgs oie
ilviki`afailtg `iridrme y ie í`aog jðea`g, qui si bm oifgstrmog qui fikgrm em fifgram.

Pmefðl, Pmroalms y mvamr; Pgl ra`gs il í`aogs hrmsgs isil`ameis gfihm-0, qui myuoml m riou`ar
egs iji`tgs oie ilviki`afailtg `iridrme.
@ûr`ufm; Myuom m riou`ar em aljemfm`aðl y mufiltmr egs lavieis oi mltagxaomltis me taifpg qui
fikgrm em alhistm oi gxæhilg oi su `iridrg. _mfdaál bmy aloa`ags oi qui em `ûr`ufm myuom m
riou`ar em oi`moil`am `ghlatavm.
Lui`is Istgs jrutgs si`gs prgpgr`aglml metgs lavieis oi mltagxaomltis y vatmfalm I qui prgtihil sus
liurglms y prgtihil `gltrm ie ilviki`afailtg `iridrme. _mfdaál `gltailil metgs lavieis oi zal` y
fmhlisag, qui sgl rimefilti duilgs pmrm su istmog oi ílafg.

Mhum; Pu `iridrg is mprgxafmomfilti 2> pgr `ailtg oi mhum. Em oisbaormtm`aðl puioi `musmr laidem
`iridrme, jmtahm y ulm rim``aðl y vieg`aomo oi pilsmfailtg fís eiltms. Egs istuoags fuistrml qui ems
pirsglms dail baormtmoms gdtailil fikgris pultmkis il ems pruidms oi `mpm`aomo filtme.

@glg`æ m Fglm Pbmrfm `umlog mpmri`að il Tio _mdei _mec oi Jm`idggc `gfg em lutra`aglastm oi Xaee
Pfatb y su jmfaeam, kultg `gl
` gl ie Or. Fmrc Byfml. Ieem `gfpmrtað `glfahg `ðfg ―egs meafiltgs qui
`gfifgs puioil tilir ul hrml afpm`tg il luistrm ilirhæm, em `meaomo oi luistrm smeuo y em jul`aðl oi
luistrgs `iridrgs. @iltrílogsi il alhrioailtis `emvi `gfg hrmsms ra`ms il gfihm-0 oi duilm `meaomo,
vihitmeis `mrhmogs oi mltagxaomltis y jatglutrailtis y ispi`ams pmrm fikgrmr luistrm oahistaðl y iljgqui, y
puioil mpgymr tmltg m `grtg `gfg m emrhg pemzg.
 

tárfalg jul`aðl `iridrme ". Mquæ bmy ul oæm oi fuistrm oi mehulms oi sus ri`itms pmrm gptafazmr ie pgoir y em
vatmeaomo oie `iridrg;

_GLA@G @ITIDTME ^GT EM FMÝMLM

^mrm 4 pirsglms

Alhrioailtis; 

Pai`i oi 4 puehmoms oi kilhadri, sal sifaeems y `grtmog il rgomkms

Pai`i oi 4 puehmoms oi `ûr`ufm, sal sifaeems y `grtmom il rgomkms (lgtm; istg si fml`bmrí, msæ qui fari em rgpm
y `gltrmrristmr) ? pais

`ûda`gs oi mhum jaetrmom

tá viroi grhíla`g (dgesatms oi tá suietms g Pemsta`-Arii pmrm 4 pgr`aglis) ¶ eafðl

grhíla`g, Fua`io Omsb gA Dem`c PiPPir Faie `ruom (gPtaglme)

@gegqui em `ûr`ufm, ie kilhadri y ie mhum il ulm `m`irgem piquiým. Eeivmr m juihg eiltg eiltg m juihg
fioag-metg. Mhrihui ie tá viroi y `g`ali m juihg eiltg ourmlti me filgs 9 falutgs.

Titarmr oie juihg. Mhrihui ie kuhg oi eafðl, ulm paz`m oi pafailtm lihrm y faie (sa istí usmlog).

@gemr y sirvar `meailti. Ivati `gfir ourmlti 4> falutgs oispuás oi didir isti tðla`g.

Lgtm; _mfdaál puioi bm`ir ul egti hrmloi oi em fiz`em tðla`m `gl mlta`apm`aðl. Pafpeifilti mhrihui ulm
`mltaomo fmygr oi `ûr`ufm, kilhadri y eafðl m ul fua`ir. @gegqui isti Fua`i il ie rijrahirmogr, tmpmog
birfáta`mfilti `gl ulm tmpm, pgr bmstm 8 oæms. Me sirvar, oidi mhrihmr mhum `meailti y tá viroi.

FMÝMLM PFGG_BAI FÍHA@M

Parvi =
Alhrioailtis; 

¶ `uP mrílomlgs saevistris `glhiemogs ¶ `uP

Fa`mfm ieihaom (sal `ís`mrm)

Hrml fmlg oi salm`b grhíla`g (¡tmfdaál puiois mhrihmr fís!) 4 tmdemsPggls

 bifP sifaeems

= `u`bmrmoatm oi m`iati F&_ prgltg

= `u`bmrmoatm oi saifdrm oi saruealm grhíla`m ¶ `uP

oi mhum oi `g`g sal mzû`mr ¶ `uP oi ei`bi oi

mefilorms sal mzû`mr Baieg (gp`aglme)

¡Mhrihui tgogs egs alhrioailtis m ulm ea`umogrm, fiz`ei y `gfail`i su oæm `gl `gfdustadei pmrm ie `iridrg y ie
`uirpg!

ILPMEMOM DTMGP_ DGGP_

^mrm 4 pirsglms

^mrm em ilsmemom 

4 `u`bmrmoms oi rû`uem grhíla`m 4

`u`bmrmoms oi salm`m grhíla`m µ `uP

Pifaeems oi hrmlmom µ `uP lui`is `ruoms,

siei``aglmoms = mhum`mti il rgomkms

? buivgs grhíla`gs, birvaogs y euihg `grtmogs il rgomkms `umlog istál jrægs (sa sgy vihmlm, `gegqui egs buivgs `gl 4 tmdems)
sifaeems oi ogdemoaeeg y = tmdem

^mrm ie moirizg; 

0 `u`bmrmoms oi valmhri oi saorm `ruom µ `uP oi m`iati oi

geavm varhil ixtrm ¶ eafðl ixprafaog = tmdem oi faie `ruom

µ oi tá `u`bmrmom oi sme fmralm oie Bafmemym 4

`u`bmrmoatms oi sifaeems oi sásmfg lihrg (pmrm oi`grmr)

@gegqui tgogs egs alhrioailtis oie moirizg pmrm ilsmemoms (ix`iptg ems sifaeems oi sásmfg) il ul tmzðl g
ri`apailti pmrm fiz`emr y fiz`ei / mhati dail. Oikmr oi emog.

Mhrihui em rû`uem, ems ispalm`ms, ems sifaeems oi hrmlmom y ems lui`is m ulm ilsmemoirm hrmloi.

Zairtm ie moirizg pmrm ilsmemom il`afm oi em ilsmemom y fiz`ei.

 

_rmlsjairm em ilsmemom faxtm il ogs pemtgs. @udrm `mom ilsmemom `gl ¶ mhum`mti il rgomkms y 4 buivgs il
rgomkms. * mogrlmog `gl sifaeems oi sásmfg. ¡Oasjrutmr!

JÍ@AE PMEFÐL MPMOG Q DTG@GEAP @GL PYA[G

M@IEHM
^mrm 4 pirsglms

Alhrioailtis; 

4 tmdemsPggls gArisb eifgl Fua`i 4

timsPggl gA @bgPPtio mkg
9 `u`bmrmoms oi m`iati oi geavm varhil ixtrm, oavaoaog

4 Aaeeits oi smefðl, mpmriltifilti saevistris, lg Amrfio (? m : glzms `mom ulg) 4 m ? rgomkms oi

eafðl

= `mdizm hrmloi oi drð`gea grhíla`g, ieihaog il trgzgs piquiýgs (0 m ? `u`bmrmoms) 4 `u`bmrmoms oi sme fmralm

oie Bafmemym, oavaoaom = `bmegtm piquiým, ieihaom jalmfilti

= fmlgkg piquiýg oi m`iehms grhíla`ms g m`iehms mr`gæras, is`ghaog = `u`bmrmoatm oi saifdrm oi

sifaeem oi fgstmzm grhíla`m

Jgrri ulm smrtál hrmloi `gl pmpie pirhmfalg y pri`meailti ie bgrlg m ?>> hrmogs J.

Fiz`ei ie kuhg oi eafðl, ie mkg pa`mog y 4 `u`bmrmoms oi m`iati oi geavm il ul tmzðl piquiýg.

@gegqui ie smefðl il ie `iltrg oi em smrtál y vairtm em fiz`em oi eafðl, mkg y m`iati oi geavm sgdri
`mom jaeiti oi fmlirm ulajgrfi. Euihg `gegqui ems rgomkms oi eafðl sgdri `mom jaeiti.

Fiz`ei ems jegris oi drð`gea, 4 `u`bmrmoms oi m`iati oi geavm y = `u`bmrmoatm oi sme fmralm il ul
tmzðl hrmloi. @gegqui em fiz`em merioiogr oi `mom jaeiti oi smefðl il em smrtál.

@geg`mr il ie bgrlg pri`meiltmog y bgrlimr ourmlti 4> falutgs.

Failtrms ie smefðl y ie drð`gea si bgrliml, `meailtm em = `u`bmrmom ristmlti oi m`iati oi geavm m juihg eiltg
il ulm smrtál. Mhrihui em `bmegtm pa`mom, rivgevailog `gl jri`uil`am bmstm qui istá trmlspmrilti y `g`aom.
Mhrihui em m`iehm `gl 4 `u`bmrmoms oi mhum m em smrtál y `g`ali ourmlti 0 m 9 falutgs, rivgevailog
 g`msaglmefilti bmstm qui em m`iehm si mdemloi. Meikmr oie `megr.

Mhrihui ie smefðl, ie drð`gea y em m`iehm il ogs pemtgs pmrm sirvar. Ispgevgrim ie drð`gea `gl pgevg oi
sifaeem oi fgstmzm pmrm mufiltmr egs dilija`ags mltaaljemfmtgrags. ¡Pirvar y oasjrutmr!

@M@MG-@MLIEM-KILHADTI "@BG@GEM_I @MEAIL_I"

^mrm 4 pirsglms

Alhrioailtis; 

? `u`bmrmoms oi mefilorms g ei`bi oi `g`g sal mzû`mr 4 puehmoms oi kilhadri

Pai`i, sal sifaeems y il rgomkms m eg emrhg 0 tmdems @u`bmrms oi `m`mg grhíla`g

`ruog sal ilouezmr Paifdrm = tá = `u`bmrmom Paifdrm oi `mliem grhíla`m

= m 4 `u`bmrmoms @u`bmrmoms oi mzû`mr oi `g`g (ilouezmr `gfg si oisii) ¶ tá

@u`bmrmom oi ixtrm`tg oi vmalaeem ^iquiým Pal`b gA sme fmralm 4 pmeatgs oi `mliem,

`gfg humrla`aðl

@meailti em ei`bi oi mefilorms y ems rgomkms oi kilhadri il ulm `m`irgem fioamlm m juihg fioag-metg,
rivgevailog g`msaglmefilti. Eeivmr m juihg eiltg.

Mhrihui ie `m`mg il pgevg, em `mliem, ie mzû`mr oi `g`g, em vmalaeem y em sme fmralm y fiz`ei bmstm qui si
oasuievm.

Eeivi m juihg eiltg ulm viz fís mltis oi ritarmr oie juihg. Zairti il ogs tmzms, usmlog ul
`gemogr pmrm ivatmr qui ie kilhadri iltri il ems tmzms. ¡Mhrihui ul pmeatg oi `mliem m `mom
tmzm y oasjruti!
Lgtm; Istm didaom si puioi sirvar iljramom ourmlti egs fisis oi virmlg. Moifís, sa sarvi `gfg pgstri,
mhrihui ulm `u`bmrmom oi `rifm oi `g`g y fiz`ei pmrm gdtilir ul smdgr fís oue`i y ispufgsg.

4. LY_TAIL_IP @ITIDTMEIP
@gfg bifgs oas`utaog, em oaitm mji`tm em jul`aðl `iridrme. ^irg, ·quá su`ioi sa lg puioi, oidaog m su bgrmrag g
istaeg oi vaom, `gfir rihuemrfilti ulm oaitm ra`m il meafiltgs pmrm ie `iridrg7 Em alvistahm`aðl bm oifgstrmog
qui oitirfalmogs lutrailtis tailil ul iji`tg oari`tg il su `mpm`aomo `ghlatavm. Paifpri prijairg gdtilir fas
lutrailtis oi meafiltgs rimeis, altihrmeis y grhíla`gs. Bmdei `gl su prgjisaglme oi em smeuo `meaja`mog pmrm smdir
 il quá pgoræm sir oija`ailti.

Il fa ipasgoag oi pgo`mst `gl Fmx Euhmviri, mutgr oi Hilaus Jggos, oas`utafgs egs dilija`ags oi
supeifiltmr `gl jgsjgeæpaogs OBM; su `iridrg eg usm pmrm `rimr fifdrmlms `ieuemris smlms.  0 Istg is
afpgrtmlti pgrqui luistrms fifdrmlms `ieuemris jgrfml tgogs egs ri`iptgris alvgeu`rmogs il ie istmog oi
ílafg, ie jul`aglmfailtg iki`utavg, em mtil`aðl y em fifgram. Pi bm oifgstrmog qui ems vatmfalms D

fikgrml egs ri`uirogs oi ems fukiris. Em `ur`ufalm, ie lutrailti qui si il`uiltrm il em `ûr`ufm, puioi
privilar em ois`gfpgsa`aðl `ghlatavm. ^uioi gdtilir ulm eastm oi lutrailtis y sus iji`tgs sgdri ie `iridrg
il ie satag wid oi egs Alstatutgs Lm`aglmeis oi Pmeuo. ? ?

Ixastil juiltis lmturmeis pmrm tgogs istgs lutrailtis, pirg al`euaregs il su oaitm pgoræm lg
mkustmrsi m su istaeg oi vaom g su pmemomr. Em duilm lgta`am is qui egs supeifiltgs istíl oaspgladeis
pmrm tgog istg (mulqui lg tgogs egs supeifiltgs sgl ahumeis3 msihûrisi oi alvistahmr ul pg`g).
_mfdaál puioi `gfdalmregs `gl egs meafiltgs pmrm ie `iridrg oas`utaogs il isti `mpætueg pmrm omrei m
su `iridrg ie `gfdustadei qui li`isatm. ^mrm gdtilir ulm eastm y ilem`is m fas supeifiltgs
`iridrmeis jmvgratgs, vmym m 
mw
  ww.EafateissDggc.`gf/risgur`is  .

0. IKIT@A@AG
"Ie ikir`a`ag `mfdam ie `iridrg oi fmlirm qui prgtihi em fifgram y ems bmdaeaomois oi pilsmfailtg",
is`radi Biaoa * gofml, ie ioatgr iki`utavg oi @mrtm oi smeuo oi Bmrvmro. 
Bmrvmro. ―Il ul istuoag rimeazmog il em
Ylavirsaomo oi @geufdam Dratíla`m, egs alvistahmogris ois`udrairgl qui ie ikir`a`ag mirðda`g rihuemr, oie
tapg qui bm`i dgfdimr ie `grmzðl y ems heílouems suogræpmrms, pmri`i mufiltmr ie tmfmýg oie bapg`mfpg,
ie írim oie `iridrg alvgeu`rmom il em fifgram virdme y ie mpriloazmki. "  9 9

@msa puiog is`u`bmr m mehulgs oi ustiois quikílogsi g ix`usílogsi failtrms eiil ie ûetafg
pírrmjg; Ie ikir`a`ag is mdurraog. Lg tailis taifpg pmrm isg. Lg puioi pirfatarsi ulm fifdrisæm oi
haflmsag. ^irg ie bi`bg safpei is qui ie ikir`a`ag is ilgrfifilti vmeagsg sa quairis oismtmr tu
`iridrg. ^aálsieg; `umlog istí m`tavg y il fgvafailtg, si sailti fís juirti, ·viromo7 Mehulgs oi
lgsgtrgs al`eusg
li`isatmr fgvirsi pmrm qui luistrgs `iridrgs jul`aglil `gl em fíxafm ija`ail`am. Isg is pgrqui
bmy ulm `grriem`aðl oari`tm iltri ie ikir`a`ag y em jul`aðl `iridrme. Q lg li`isatms `glvirtarti il ul
mteitm geæfpa`g pmrm fmltilir tu `iridrg il jgrfm. Bmy fu`bms pruidms qui oifuistrml qui
al`eusg => falutgs oi ikir`a`ag mirðda`g me oæm puioil tilir ilgrfis dilija`ags. M fioaom qui su
`uirpg si fuivi, su `iridrg si m`ieirm. Farm mehulgs oi fas vaoigs oi ikir`a`ags jmvgratgs il www.EafateissDg
www.EafateissDg
.
 

CXAC P_MT_ 

@gljahuri em memrfm oi su tieájglg pmrm ri`gromr qui oidi fgvirsi ourmlti ulgs falutgs `mom bgrm.

?. FM_MT BGTFAHMP
Or. Omlaie Mfil, liurg`ailtæja`g `eæla`g, mutgr oie áxatg oi viltms. @mfdam tu `iridrg, `mfdam tu vaom, y
ul alvatmog jri`uilti luistrg, eeihð m `msm ulm lg`bi oispuás oi ul oæm pmrta`uemrfilti fmeg il em
gja`alm eaoamlog `gl raishgs oi sua`aoag, mogeis`iltis mlhustamogs y pmrikms oasjul`aglmeis pmrm
il`gltrmr faeis oi bgrfahms il su `g`alm. "Jui msquirgsg", is`radað. ―@umlog `gfil`á m eafpamregs, fi
eeihð ie m`rðlafg. ^ilsá il fas pm`ailtis oi isi oæm, `gfg il fa `g`alm aljistmom, egs `iridrgs oi fas
pm`ailtis tmfdaál istmdml aljistmogs pgr egs pilsmfailtgs lihmtavgs qui eis rgdmdml su meihræm y eis

rgdmdml em jiea`aomo. Me oæm sahuailti, trmki ulm emtm oi mirgsge pmrm bgrfahms pmrm qui jul`agli `gfg
ulm myuom vasume y oisoi iltgl`is bi istmog trmdmkmlog oaeahiltifilti pmrm myuomr m fas pm`ailtis m
irrmoa`mr sus ML_ ". : :

Ems ML_ sgl "pilsmfailtgs lihmtavgs mutgfíta`gs" y, sa ustio is `gfg em fmygræm oi ems
pirsglms, si eafatm m sæ fasfg il em jgrfm oi istgs pilsmfailtgs me filgs pmrti oie taifpg. _me
viz ti oahms m ta fasfg qui lg iris eg ssuja`ailtifilti
uja`ailtifilti altieahilti `gfg pmrm mpriloir ulm
bmdaeaomo qui rimefilti ti hustmræm tilir. G tme viz ripatms il ul `a`eg sal jal `ðfg ifpukmrti pmrm
eghrmr mehg sgeg ti eeivmrí m em oi`ip`aðl.

Ems ML_ istíl il tgoms pmrtis, y lg bmy suja`ailti bgrfahm il ie fulog pmrm
oisbm`irsi oi ieems. ^irg ieafalmregs oi tu vaom is ulm pmrti isil`ame oi eafatmr tu
`iridrg. Em rmzðl oi istg is safpei; sa eu`bms pgr tus eafatm`aglis, puiois `glsirvmrems.
Pa rihuemrfilti ti oa`is m ta fasfg qui lg puiois bm`ir mehg, g qui iris oifmsamog vaikg
pmrm bm`ir mehg, g qui lg tailis em altieahil`am pmrm bm`ir mehg, lg bmrís isg. Pgeg
`umlog mdmloglms isti tapg oi oaíeghg altirlg oistru`tavg puiois eghrmr rimefilti eg qui
quairis eghrmr.
 

CXAC P_MT_ 

·@uíe is tu bgrfahm fís hrmloi7 ·@gl quá pgoræms riifpemzmreg7

9. YL IL_GTLG EAF^AG
Ylm paizm oi 4>=2 il em rivastm fáoa`m. Em eml`itm aoiltaja`ð qui "em `gltmfalm`aðl oie mari pgoræm `musmr ie 0> pgr
`ailtg oi tgogs egs m``aoiltis `iridrgvms`uemris y, pgr eg tmltg, pgoræm sir ulg oi egs pral`apmeis `gltraduyiltis oi
em `mrhm hegdme oi m``aoiltis `iridrgvms`uemris". @gltaluð; "* omom em juirti msg`am`aðl iltri m``aoilti
`iridrgvms`uemr, jm`tgris oi raishg vms`uemr y oifil`am, is oi ispirmr ie væl`ueg suhiraog iltri em `gltmfalm`aðl
oie mari y em oifil`am".  8 8

Ie mari qui risparm is `ræta`g pmrm em jgrfm il qui jul`aglm su `iridrg. Pa mehulm viz bms istmog
mtrmpmog il ulm bmdatm`aðl `gl ul jufmogr, smdis eg oajæ`ae qui is pilsmr al`eusg failtrms risparms
isi mari tðxa`g. ^gr ie `gltrmrag, sa vm oi ix`ursaðl pgr ems fgltmýms y risparm prgjulomfilti oisoi em
mtfðsjirm jris`m y eafpam, puioi siltar sus siltaogs prgspirmr.

Pa vavis il ulm `auomo aloustrame g il ulm hrml `auomo `gl `gltmfalmltis il tgoms pmrtis, lg bmy
fu`bg qui puioms bm`ir sgdri ie mari qui ti rgoim. Mjgrtulmomfilti, bmy oaspgsatavgs oaspgladeis
pmrm eafpamr ie mari il su bghmr y il su gja`alm, y puioi bm`ir ul fmygr isjuirzg pmrm eeihmr m ispm`ags
fís eafpags `gl fmygr jri`uil`am. Yl mfdailti eafpag vm fís meeí oi em `meaomo oie mari. Ieafalmr ie
oisgroil y ems oastrm``aglis oi tu iltgrlg ti bmrí siltar fís eavamlg y fikgrmrí tu `mpm`aomo oi
`gl`iltrm`aðl, msæ qui tðfmti tu taifpg `gl Fmrai Cglog y ieafalm `umequair `gsm alli`ismram.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·]uá puioi bm`ir bgy pmrm eafpamr su fioag mfdailti7

:. YL HTY^G ^GPA_AZG
Pu pgtil`ame `iridrme lg sgeg istí riem`aglmog `gl sus riois dageðha`ms g sus riois liurgeðha`ms3
 _mfdaál istí riem`aglmog `gl sus riois sg`ameis. @gl quaál pmsms taifpg is `gl quaál ti
`glvairtis. Ie grmogr fgtavm`aglme Kaf Tgbl oa`i

qui iris ie prgfioag oi ems `al`g pirsglms `gl ems qui pmsms fís taifpg. Qm sim qui eg `rims g lg, lg `rig
qui lalhulg oi lgsgtrgs puiom istmr il oism`uirog `gl em aoim oi qui ems pirsglms qui lgs rgoiml tailil
ulm aljeuil`am sahlaja`mtavm il luistrms vaoms. Yl istuoag ri`ailti oi em Ylavirsaomo oi _ifpei fgstrð qui ems
pirsglms (ispi`æja`mfilti
(ispi`æja`mfilti egs mogeis`iltis il isti istuoag) m`tûml oi fmlirm oajirilti `umlog istíl sgegs

qui `umlog istíl `gl gtrgs. Me aljgrfmr sgdri ie istuoag pmrm Egs

pmrm Egs Liw Qgrc _afis, 
_afis,_   mrm ^mrcir-^gpi oakg qui
"Or. Ptialdirh Sulg oi egs mutgris oie istuoagV siýmem qui ie sastifm `iridrme alvgeu`rmog il ie prg`ismfailtg
oi ri`gfpilsms tmfdaál istí alvgeu`rmog il ie prg`ismfailtg oi em aljgrfm`aðl sg`ame, ixpea`mlog pgr quá egs
pmris puioil tilir ul iji`tg tml prglul`amog il em tgfm oi oi`asaglis ".  2

Oidaog m istm aljeuil`am, mquieegs `gl quailis pmsm taifpg tailil ul iji`tg hilualg il em jul`aðl
`iridrme. @airtmfilti, mji`tml su oaíeghg altirlg, ym qui em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs val`uemfgs me filgs
ulm pmrti oi luistrms `riil`ams m ems `riil`ams qui gtrgs tailil sgdri lgsgtrgs. ^irg puioil mji`tmr
tgog, oisoi eg qui `gfis bmstm em `mltaomo oi ikir`a`ag qui bm`is, i al`eusg `uíltg ouirfis. Bmy

fu`bgs eadrgs oioa`mogs m myuomreg m oastalhuar m ems pirsglms qui sgl duilms pmrm ustio oi ems qui
lg eg sgl, pirg pmrm egs prgpðsatgs oi isti `mpætueg, sgeg tðfisi ulgs falutgs pmrm pilsmr quaális sgl
sus `gfpmýirgs, `uíltm aljeuil`am tailil il su vaom, y `ðfg istg mji`tm su oisig oi eafatmrsi m sæ
fasfg.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·@gl quaál is li`ismrag pmsmr fís taifpg7 @gfulæquisi y bmhm ulm `atm `gl ism
pirsglm mbgrm.

8. ^TG_I@@AÐL @ITIDTME
^rgdmdeifilti istg sim gdvag, pirg prgtihir tu `iridrg is julomfiltme sa vms m mprgvi`bmreg
me fíxafg. _ailis sgeg ul `iridrg. Pa ei oairml ul sgeg mutgfðvae pmrm usmr ie ristg oi su vaom,
·quá tml dail trmtmræm isi mutgfðvae7 Eg `uaomræms `gfg sa tu vaom oipiloairm oi ieeg. Egs
m``aoiltis sgl alivatmdeis, pirg pglirsi il satum`aglis il ems qui is filgs prgdmdei ulm
eisaðl `iridrme fikgrm sus pgsadaeaomois oi ivatmr eg pigr. Ie `gltm`tg ourg g egs oipgrtis
ixtrifgs lg sgl aoimeis sa oisim mprgvi`bmr me fíxafg isti vmeagsg m`tavg. @glou`ar 4> faeems
pgr bgrm sgdri ie eæfati oi vieg`aomo tgog ie
 

ie taifpg il su fgtg`a`eitm tmfpg`g is m`glsikmdei. Pa mfms istms `gsms oifmsamog `gfg pmrm rilul`amr
m ieems, pgr eg filgs tgfm tmltms pri`mu`aglis y usm tmltms birrmfailtms oi sihuraomo `gfg puioms.

. LYIZG M^TILOA[MKI
Ylm oi ems `gsms fís afpgrtmltis qui puioi bm`ir pgr em smeuo oi su `iridrg is sihuar mpriloailog.
_gogs sgfgs `mpm`is oi ixpmloar ems `mpm`aomois oi luistrgs `iridrgs, al`eusg m fioaom qui
  mpætueg 0  .
ilviki`ifgs, eg qui oas`utafgs `umlog bmdemfgs oi liurgpemsta`aomo il 
il@

Eg qui istg sahlaja`m is qui, failtrms sahmfgs mpriloailog,

mpriloailog, `gltalumrifgs `rimlog luivms væms il
luistrgs `iridrgs. Fmltilifgs luistrgs `iridrgs peísta`gs y jeixadeis, `mpm`is oi prg`ismr luivm
aljgrfm`aðl oi fmlirm rieivmlti. Istg is ispi`amefilti `airtg sa lgs omfgs oismjægs hilualgs il
luistrg mpriloazmki. Altiltmr ogfalmr ulm luivm bmdaeaomo, ois`udrar ul luivg aoagfm, mdrmzmr pmrtis
oi su `ueturm g ems `ueturms oi gtrgs qui sgl luivms pmrm tgogs, fmltailil m isms liurglms oaspmrmlog
y `rimlog luivms væms. Me mufiltmr ems jgrfms il qui usm su `iridrg, mufiltm ems `mpm`aomois oi su
`iridrg.

CXAC P_MT_ 

@rii ulm eastm `gltalum "^mrm mpriloir". ·@uíeis sgl mehulms `gsms il ism eastm7 Is`radi ogs mdmkg.

. IP_TÁP
MOFALAP_TM@AÐL
_gogs ixpirafiltmfgs `airtg lavie oi istrás il luistrm vaom `gtaoamlm, m vi`is fu`bg istrás. @mom
viz qui ixpirafiltmfgs istrás, si eadirm ulm bgrfglm `glg`aom `gfg `grtasge pmrm meavamr egs rahgris
jæsa`gs oie istrás il luistrgs `uirpgs. Pa istg su`ioi g`msaglmefilti, lg is ul prgdeifm, pirg sa
su`ioi `gl hrml rihuemraomo, em m`ufuem`aðl oi `grtasge il luistrgs `iridrgs puioi bm`ir qui oiki
oi jul`aglmr `grri`tmfilti.

^irg bmy fís. "Ixasti ivaoil`am oi qui ie istrás `rðla`g (pirsastilti) il rimeaomo puioi vgevir m
 `gli`tmr su `iridrg", oa`i ul mrtæ`ueg il ie Degh oi smeuo oi Bmrvmro. "Egs `ailtæja`gs bml mpriloaog qui egs
mlafmeis qui ixpirafiltml istrás prgeglhmog tailil filgs m`tavaomo il ems pmrtis oi su `iridrg qui
fmlikml tmrims oi groil supiragr 

- pgr ikifpeg, em `grtizm prijrgltme, y fís m`tavaomo il ems pmrtis prafatavms oi su `iridrg qui
si `iltrml il em supirvavil`am, `gfg em mfæhomem. Is fuy pmri`aog m eg qui su`ioiræm sa
ikir`atmrms ulm pmrti oi tu `uirpg y lg gtrm. Em pmrti qui si m`tavð `gl fmygr jri`uil`am si
vgeviræm fís juirti, y em pmrti qui ri`adað filgs mtil`aðl si oidaeatmræm. Istg is eg qui pmri`i

su`ioir oasiýmom
`iridrg il ie `iridrg
pmrm`umlog
fmlikmristí dmkg istrás
mfilmzms, y em`gltalug;
pmrti oie isil`amefilti `glstruyi
`iridrg il`mrhmom oi ulempilsmfailtg
pmrti oie
fís `gfpeikg quiom il sihulog pemlg ‖.  1 1

@gl ulm ivaoil`am tml `emrm oi qui ie istrás puioi sir oidaeatmlti pmrm su `iridrg, il`gltrmr
jgrfms oi riou`ar g ivatmr ie istrás si vuievi `ræta`g. Zgy m gjri`ir ulm sirai oi suhiril`ams il
istm írim m eg emrhg oi isti eadrg.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·]uá is eg qui fís ti hustm bm`ir pmrm eaoamr `gl ie istrás7 ·@uílog jui em ûetafm viz qui eg
ba`asti7

=>. PYIÝG
Pa oisim ul fikgr iljgqui, li`isatm ogrfar dail. Pa quairis sir ul pilsmogr fís `emrg,
li`isatms ogrfar dail. Pa oisim tgfmr fikgris oi`asaglis g tilir ulm fikgr fifgram,
oidi ogrfar dail. Oi m`uirog `gl egs Alstatutgs Lm`aglmeis oi Pmeuo;

Ie suiýg oi `meaomo, y gdtilir suja`ailti il egs fgfiltgs `grri`tgs, is tml isil`ame pmrm em
supirvavil`am `gfg em `gfaom y ie mhum. Pal ogrfar lg puiois jgrfmr g fmltilir ems væms il tu
`iridrg qui ti pirfatil mpriloir y `rimr luivgs ri`uirogs, y is fís oajæ`ae `gl`iltrmrti y rispgloir
rípaomfilti. Ie suiýg is afpgrtmlti pmrm vmrams jul`aglis `iridrmeis, al`euaom em jgrfm il qui ems
`áeuems lirvagsms (liurglms) si `gfula`ml iltri sæ. Oi bi`bg, su `iridrg y `uirpg pirfmli`il
lgtmdeifilti m`tavgs failtrms ouirfi. Bmeemzhgs ri`ailtis suhairil qui ie suiýg oisifpiým ul
pmpie oi eafpaizm qui ieafalm ems tgxalms il su `iridrg qui si m`ufueml failtrms istí oispairtg. =>
 

Em `gl`eusaðl; ogrfar eg suja`ailti y ogrfar eg suja`ailti _umeaomo ogrfar

- is i
isil`
sil`ame
ame ssaa vms m mprgvi`
mprgvi`bmr
bmr me fí
fíxafg
xafg tu ``irid
iridrg.
rg.

Ogrfar lg is ulm iei``aðl

Pá qui bmy fu`bms pirsglms qui oa`il qui lg li`isatml ogrfar fu`bg, g qui lg tailil
taifpg pmrm ogrfar, g al`eusg `glsaoirml qui is ul grhueeg qui sus vaoms istál tml eeilms oi
m`tavaomo qui "Lg tilhg fís rifioag" qui sm`raja`mr ie suiýg. Isg is ul irrgr y, sa iris ulm oi
istms pirsglms, is mehg qui quairg qui ri`glsaoiris il isti fgfiltg.

"Ie suiýg is `ru`ame pmrm em smeuo hilirme y ie jul`aglmfailtg oamrag", is`radi ie Or. Kiml
Caf, psaquamtrm y prgjisgr `eæla`g msastilti oi psaquamtræm il
* * igrhi Xmsbalhtgl Ylavirsaty. "Em `ri`ailti ivaoil`am bm riem`aglmog em jmetm oi suiýg `gl ulm sirai oi
trmstgrlgs filtmeis y jæsa`gs, al`euaog ie mufiltg oi em oiprisaðl, em arratmdaeaomo, em afpuesavaomo, ems
iljirfiomoiss `mroagvms`uemris y fís. Yl istuoag siýmeð qui ie suiýg il rimeaomo jul`aglm `gfg ulm
iljirfiomoi
ispi`ai oi `a`eg oi emvmog pmrm ie `iridrg, ogloi ourmlti ie suiýg, egs vmsgs smlhuæligs (y egs `mlmeis
ealjíta`gs) il ie `iridrg bapirpirjuloil
bapirpirjuloil y ieafalml em m`ufuem`aðl fitmdðea`m oie oæm y ieafalml
liurgtgxalms y oastraduyil `gfpgliltis qui fikgrml em ripmrm`aðl `ieuemr . " ==

Il su `bmrem _IO sgdri ie suiýg, ie Or. Kijj Aeajj oi em Grihgl Bimetb mlo P`ail`i Ylavirsaty eeivm em
fitíjgrm oie "`a`eg oi emvmog" mûl fís. Piýmem qui, failtrms istmfgs oispairtgs, ie `iridrg istí tml
g`upmog bm`ailog gtrms `gsms qui lg taili em `mpm`aomo oi eafpamrsi oi egs oisi`bgs. Em
m`ufuem`aðl oi istgs oisi`bgs, em ditm mfaegaoim, mbgrm si istí val`uemlog me oismrrgeeg oi em
iljirfiomo oi Mezbiafir.

"@umlog ie `iridrg istí oispairtg y istí fís g`upmog, pgspgli em ieafalm`aðl oi egs
oisi`bgs oi egs ispm`ags iltri sus `áeuems bmstm fís tmroi, y euihg, `umlog si ouirfi y lg
taili qui istmr tml g`upmog, `mfdam m ul tapg oi fgog oi eafpaizm pmrm ieafalmr egs oisi`bgs oi
egs ispm`ags iltri sus `ieoms, egs oisi`bgs qui si m`ufueml ourmlti tgog ie oæm ". =4

Yl pg`g fís tmroi il em `bmrem, Aeajj movairti `gltrm bm`ir mehg qui fu`bgs oi lgsgtrgs bm`ifgs;
sm`raja`mr ie suiýg bmstm qui tilhmfgs em gpgrtulaomo oi pglirlgs me oæm. ―Me ahume qui luistrg trmdmkg
ogfásta`g, is ul trmdmkg su`ag y oismhrmoi`aog, pirg tmfdaál is afpgrtmlti. Il su `msm, sa oikm oi
eafpamr su `g`alm ourmlti ul fis, su bghmr si vgevirí `gfpeitmfilti afpgsadei oi vavar fuy
rípaomfilti. ^irg il ie `iridrg, ems `glsi`uil`ams oi quiomrsi mtrís puioil sir fu`bg fmygris
 qui em virhõilzm oi ems il`afirms su`ams, pgrqui `umlog si trmtm oi eafpamr 

ie `iridrg, eg qui istí il kuihg is em smeuo y em jul`aðl oi em filti y ie `uirpg, pgr eg

qui `gfpriloir istms jul`aglis dísa`ms oie `iridrg bgy il oæm puioi sir julomfiltme
pmrm privilar y trmtmr ems iljirfiomois oi em filti fmýmlm ". =0

Iltgl`is, sa iris ulm oi ems fu`bms pirsglms qui si bml `glvil`aog oi qui bmy ul lavie oi
lgdeizm pmrm sgdrivavar `gl ul suiýg fælafg, is bgrm oi rivasmr tu pilsmfailtg. Pafpeifilti
bmy fu`bg qui hmlmr oi ulm duilm lg`bi oi suiýg (al`euaog eg qui puioi mpriloir oi sus
suiýgs).

^msmlog em lg`bi
Ylm `gsm is oi`ar qui vms m ogrfar dail pgr em lg`bi. Gtrm `gsm `gfpeitmfilti oastaltm is eghrmreg.
Merioiogr oi ulm `umrtm pmrti oi tgogs egs istmogulaoils
istmogulaoilsis
is ixpirafiltml mehûl lavie oi alsgflag
`mom mýg. =?

Pal ifdmrhg, ixasti ivaoil`am fuy sðeaom qui riem`aglm ie ikir`a`ag `gl ie suiýg, al`eusg iltri quailis
pmoi`il alsgflag `rðla`g. Yl istuoag rimeazmog pgr em Orm. Cmtbryl K. Tiao y gtrgs ois`udrairgl qui ie
ikir`a`ag mirðda`g tuvg risuetmogs fuy pgsatavgs il ul hrupg oi pmrta`apmltis qui mltiragrfilti bmdæml
tilaog prgdeifms oi suiýg `gl rihuemraomo. "Egs risuetmogs oi isti istuoag aloa`ml qui ul prghrmfm oi
oai`asáas sifmlms oi m`tavaomo jæsa`m mirðda`m oi altilsaomo fgoirmom fís iou`m`aðl sgdri em bahaili oie
suiýg is ija`mz pmrm fikgrmr em `meaomo oie suiýg, ie istmog oi ílafg y em `meaomo oi vaom mutgaljgrfmogs
il mouetgs fmygris `gl alsgflag `rðla`g", is`radairgl egs mutgris. "Istgs risuetmogs rismetml ie pgtil`ame
oi egs prghrmfms istru`turmogs oi m`tavaomo jæsa`m pmrm fikgrmr em iji`tavaomo oi egs iljgquis `glou`tumeis
istílomr pmrm ie trmtmfailtg oie alsgflag, pmrta`uemrfilti il ulm pgdem`aðl oi mouetgs fmygris
sioiltmrags". =9

Yl hrupg oi em Jm`uetmo oi Fioa`alm Jialdirh oi em Ylavirsaomo Lgrtbwistirl si dm dmsð

sð il isti
istuoag me prgjuloazmr il egs omtgs ri`gpaemogs y euihg istuoamr em altir`glixaðl iltri ie ikir`a`ag y ie
suiýg. Is afpgrtmlti tilir il `uiltm eg qui il`gltrmrgl; ie ikir`a`ag lg is ulm pæeogrm fíha`m. Pa
taili prgdeifms pmrm ogrfar, lg puioi risgevir ie prgdeifm `gl ulm sisaðl il ie haflmsag.
Ois`udrairgl qui, al`eusg oispuás oi ogs fisis, egs iji`tgs oie ikir`a`ag sgdri ie suiýg irml
fælafgs. ^irg me jalme oie istuoag oi =: sifmlms, egs risuetmogs juirgl `glsaoirmdeis, ym qui egs
pmrta`apmltis ogrfæml bmstm ulm bgrm y `umrtg fís pgr lg`bi.o  ai`asáas
 ^gr eg tmltg, ixasti ulm `glixaðl `emrm iltri ie ikir`a`ag y ie suiýg, pirg tilorí qui omrei
taifpg. ^irg, omogs egs dilija`ags hilirmeis oie ikir`a`ag il

su smeuo, `gfprgfitirsi `gl ulm rutalm oi ikir`a`ags saifpri is ulm duilm aoim, al`eusg sa lg sailti
egs dilija`ags oi su suiýg oi alfioamtg.
Ixastil oavirsms aoims sgdri `uíltg ikir`a`ag is li`ismrag pmrm mji`tmr ie suiýg, pirg ulm `mltaomo
`gfûlfilti istmdei`aom is 4.9 bgrms m em sifmlm oi ikir`a`ag mirðda`g, kultg `gl mehg oi trmdmkg
t rmdmkg oi

risastil`am. "@mfalmr m pmsg eahirg, mlomr il da`a`eitm eahirm, ulm fíqualm ieæpta`m, `umequair `gsm qui
mufilti su ratfg `mroæm`g pmrm qui puiom bmdemr failtrms bm`i ikir`a`ag pirg tilhm qui ri`upirmr ie
meailtg `mom pg`ms grm`aglis, si `glsaoirm ikir`a`ag fgoirmog", ri`gfailom ie Or. @brastgpbir I. Ceali oi
Em Ylavirsaomo oi ^attsdurhb. =8

Omlog ul ois`mlsg m tu filti

Ylm oi ems fu`bms rmzglis pgr ems `umeis ems pirsglms tailil prgdeifms pmrm ogrfar is lg pgoir
mpmhmr em filti. _gogs bifgs istmog meeæ; taili ulm hrml riulaðl prðxafm, g mehg oasruptavg (ym
sim pgsatavg g lihmtavg) su`ioað ourmlti ie oæm, g ri`adað ulm eemfmom tieijðla`m kustg mltis oi
m`gstmrsi qui eg pusg lirvagsg. Pu `mdizm hgepim em mefgbmom, pirg dail pgoræm istmr omlog
vuietms merioiogr oi su `msm pgrqui su filti istí g`upmom `gl isti al`atmlti iviltg. _irfalms
tarmog meeæ ourmlti bgrms, y ie suiýg pmri`i tml alm``isadei `gfg ie Ivirist.

Mjgrtulmomfilti, tailis ulm birrmfailtm oaspgladei il tgog fgfiltg qui puioi myuomrti m eaoamr
Mjgrtulmomfilti,
`gl istg; em fioatm`aðl. Egs dilija`ags oi em fioatm`aðl sgl lufirgsgs (y bmy fu`bgs, fu`bgs
eadrgs pgr mbæ qui egs oitmeeml), al`euyilog tgog, oisoi mufiltmr em jul`aðl alfuli bmstm oasfaluar em
mlsaiomo y mufiltmr em fmtiram hras. Ylg oi isgs fu`bgs dilija`ags is myuomr `gl ie alsgflag. Il
ul istuoag rimeazmog pgr ie Or. Omvao P. Dem`c y gtrgs, ul hrupg oi mouetgs fmygris `gl prgdeifms
oi suiýg juirgl altrgou`aogs m em fioatm`aðl oi mtil`aðl peilm m trmvás oi sias sisaglis oi ogs
bgrms. Me jalme oi istms sisaglis, isti hrupg fgstrð ulm fikgrm sahlaja`mtavm `gl ie alsgflag. =2 mýgs

Pa em fioatm`aðl ti pmri`i ixtrmým (y, sa isi is ie `msg, istís il em hrml fmygræm, ym qui filgs
oie =9 pgr `ailtg oi egs istmogulaoilsis fioatm),  =1 Is prgdmdei qui bmym is`u`bmog qui em
fioatm`aðl is oajæ`ae g qui riquairi qui oiki `gfpeitmfilti il deml`g su filti. Mraie * mrtil, `rimogr
oi Fusi, ulm `altm pmrm em `mdizm qui myuom il em fioatm`aðl, m`emrm qui lg si trmtm oi vm`amr em
filti, salg fís dail, "iltrilmr tu filti pmrm sir `gls`ailti il ie fgfiltg prisilti".  4>
 

Ieem fi oakg qui puioi ieihar il `umequair fgfiltg y il `umequair euhmr pmrm fioatmr y qui puioi
siltar egs dilija`ags `gl tml sgeg tris falutgs `gl egs gkgs `irrmogs, risparmlog prgjulomf
prgjulomfilti
ilti y
euihg eadirmlog isms risparm`aglis, `gltmlog m fioaom qui mvmlzm. Gtrm birrmfailtm qui oijailoi
is em mtil`aðl iljg`mom, ul prg`isg supir safpei oi pglir tgom su mtil`aðl il su risparm`aðl.

@umlog su filti si oisvæm oi su risparm`aðl (`gfg saifpri eg bmrí), sgeg lgti istg y tríahmeg oi
vuietm. Istm tá`la`m prgfiti oisfataja`mr em fioatm`aðl pmrm `umequair pirsglm qui pailsi qui
li`isatm sir ul fmistrg zil pmrm sm`mrei prgvi`bg. ^g`gs oi lgsgtrgs sgfgs `mpm`is oi degquimr
luistrg iljgqui il ulm `gsm ourmlti ul pirægog prgeglhmog, pgr eg qui is duilg smdir qui
riiljg`mr is ahumefilti vmeagsg. @umlog ri`upirms tu mtil`aðl il tu risparm`aðl, * mrtil oa`i; ―Istís
ikir`ailog ulm bmdaeaomo afpgrtmlti; istís mpriloailog m gdsirvmr tu pilsmfailtg. Lg istís
mtrmpmog il tus pilsmfailtgs, pirg istís il ul prg`isg oi gdsirvmr qui istís pilsmlog. Ifpaizms
m ri`glg`ir qui puiois tilir `gltrge sgdri tus pilsmfailtgs y qui puiois ieihar eg qui istís
pilsmlog ‖. 4=

Em fioatm`aðl puioi fikgrmr su suiýg, al`eusg `gl istgs fátgogs safpeis. Fa iltrilmogr oi
fioatm`aðl, Ifaey Jeit`bir, mutgrm oi Istrásisi
oi Istrásisi filgs, eghri fís taili ul prg`isg ûla`g
eemfmog [avm Fioatmtagl. ^uioi vir ul vaoig `gfpeitg oi lgsgtrgs pmsmlog pgr su prg`isg
yilog m 
mE  afateissDggc.`gf/risg ur`is y ti huamrifgs m trmvás oi áe.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·@uíe is tu fikgr `glsikg pmrm ogrfar7 Is`rædieg.

Mltis oi sihuar moiemlti

Meafiltmr su `iridrg is julomfiltme pmrm eeihmr m sir aeafatmog, y tilifgs fu`bg fís qui bm`ir pmrm
qui istg su`iom. ^irg prafirg, oitilhífglgs y `iltráfglgs il mehulms `gsms oi isti `mpætueg;

^ripmri ulm eastm oi `gfprms pmrm tgogs egs meafiltgs pmrm ie `iridrg qui lg taili
m`tumefilti il su bghmr. Fi ogy `uiltm oi qui lg tgogs istgs meafiltgs siríl `gfpmtadeis
 `gl su pmemomr, pirg rimefilti trmtg oi al`euar tmltgs `gfg puiom. Euihg eeivi istm eastm m em
tailom.

Oioaqui ul taifpg m aoiltaja`mr sus ML_. ·]uá eafatm`aglis ti istís afpglailog7 *

Zavi ulgs falutgs `gl istg. ·]uá ti istís oa`ailog m ta fasfg qui lg puiois
bm`ir7 Is`radi istg.
^ailsi il `ðfg ei hustmræm mfpeamr su mpriloazmki. ·]uá saifpri bms quiraog ogfalmr qui
lg bms il`gltrmog ie taifpg pmrm ogfalmr7 ·Is ul aoagfm oajirilti7 @goaja`m`aðl pgr
`gfputmogrm7 ·Ylm luivm tá`la`m oi viltms g fmrcitalh7 ·]uá puiois bm`ir pmrm momptmr
isg m tu vaom il isti fgfiltg7

Ysi ulm oi ems birrmfailtms oi ems qui bmdemfgs mquæ pmrm fikgrmr em `mltaomo y em `meaomo oi su suiýg.
Bmhm ul sihuafailtg oi istg ourmlti me filgs ulm sifmlm. Ba`i ogs vaoigs pmrm ta sgdri `ðfg fifgrazmr
jí`aefilti egs => pral`apmeis meafiltgs pmrm ie `iridrg y fas => ri`gfilom`aglis ilirhazmltis pmrm ie
`iridrg. * g m 
m ww
w.EafateissDggc.`gf/ ri`ursgs pmrm farmr.
 
 

11

^I]YIÝG PAF^EI
^MPGP 
·@uíe is ie safPei stiP fís piquiýg qui puiog tgfmr mbgrm7

·@ðfg `gfilzmfgs egs duilgs bídatgs g tirfalmfgs `gl egs fmegs7

·]uá rutalm oamram fi myuomrí m sir aeafatmog7

_ailis ulm rmzðl g ul prgpðsatg pmrm bm`ir mehg. _ailis em ilirhæm li`ismram pmrm bm`ireg. ·Eg qui
jmetm7 Yl piquiýg pmsg safpei (P 0) E  m m``aðl fís piquiým qui puioi tgfmr pmrm m`ir`mrsi m su
gdkitavg. Ylg qui riquairi ul fælafg isjuirzg g ilirhæm. @gl ie taifpg, istgs si `glvairtil il bídatgs.
Ism is em rmzðl pgr em qui bi eeilmog
ee ilmog isti eadrg `gl egs piquiýgs pmsgs safpeis eeemfmogs
emfmogs Cwac Ptmrts.

Il em oá`mom oi =14>, ulm psa`ðeghm rusm, Deufm [iahmrlac, istmdm siltmom il ul ristmurmlti
vailás `umlog lgtð qui egs `mfmrirgs qui em rgoimdml il ie `gl`urraog ristmurmlti irml fuy
ija`ailtis pmrm ri`gromr ems ðroilis oi egs `eailtis failtrms istmdml il prg`isg, pirg tiloæml m
gevaomr quaál tilæm quá. tml prgltg `gfg si `gfpeitmrgl egs pioaogs.

Altrahmom pgr istg, oarahað ul istuoag il ie qui bm`æm qui pirsglms rimeazmrml tmrims safpeis
failtrms m vi`is ems altirrufpæml. Oispuás, prihultð m egs pmrta`apmltis sgdri quá tmrims
ri`gromdml y `uíeis lg, y ois`udrað qui mquieegs qui bmdæml saog altirrufpaogs tilæml ie ogdei oi
prgdmdaeaomois oi ri`gromr ems `gsms qui bmdæml istmog bm`ailog `umlog bmdæml saog altirrufpaogs
 qui ems `gsms
`gl`eusaðl, qui bmdæml saog
pgstiragrfilti a ltirrufpaoms.
altirrufpaoms.
`glg`aom `mpmz [iahmrlac,
`gfg ie iji`tg oi `gfpeitmr sal altirrup`aðl.
oi qui Eeihð m em
ems tmrims al`gfpeitms
`rimrgl ul lavie oi tilsaðl qui fmltaili ism tmrim il ie jrilti oi luistrms filtis bmstm qui si
`gfpeitm.

@gl tgom prgdmdaeaomo, istí jmfaeamrazmog `gl istm tilsaðl oi su ixpirail`am `gl em oaem`aðl.
@umlog taili mehg qui smdi qui li`isatm bm`ir y eg sahui pgspglailog, ei pism, al`eusg bm`ailog
qui sim fís oajæ`ae bm`ir `umequair gtrm `gsm dail, saifpri y `umlog istm tmrim si `gfpeiti. Eg
qui li`isatm bm`ir pmri`i oajæ`ae, g pmri`i filgs oavirtaog qui ems gtrms `gsms qui pgoræm istmr

bm`ailog, g vm m sir al`ðfgog, g safpeifilti si bm `glvil`aog oi qui taili fu`bg taifpg pmrm
bm`ireg fís tmroi. _gomvæm lgs `uistm `gfpeitmr tmrims `umlog tilifgs `emrm luistrm vasaðl oi
luistrms vaoms y smdifgs il quaál quirifgs `glvirtarlgs. ·^gr quá sahui sailog tml oajæ`ae
m`tumr, al`eusg `umlog tilifgs ulm fgtavm`aðl sgstilaom7

Ylm oi ems rmzglis fís afpgrtmltis pgr ems qui ems pirsglms lg m`tûml is qui lgs siltafgs
mdrufmogs pgr eg qui tilifgs qui bm`ir. Yl prgyi`tg g ulm tmrim puioi pmri`ir tml hrmloi y eiltg qui
lg puioi afmhalmr `ðfg eg vm m bm`ir. Gdsirvmfgs ie prgyi`tg il su tgtmeaomo i alfioamtmfilti siltafgs
qui em tmrim il `uistaðl is oifmsamog hrmloi, pgr eg qui em `irrmfgs g em pgspglifgs. "Ems tmrims

al`gfpeitms y em pgstirhm`aðl m filuog `glou`il m pmtrglis oi pilsmfailtg jri`uiltis i alûtaeis", oa`i ie

psa`ðeghg Bmomssmb Eapszy`. "Istgs pilsmfailtgs puioil mji`tmr ie suiýg, oisil`moilmr sæltgfms oi
mlsaiomo y ul fmygr afpm`tg il egs ri`ursgs filtmeis y ifg`aglmeis oi ulm pirsglm".  =

PIT MFMDEI @GL YP_IO FAPFG

Pa ti `uistm bm`ir mehg `gl `airtm rihuemraomo, bmy fu`bms pgsadaeaomois oi qui ti sailtms
`uepmdei pgr istg y ti `mstahuis pgr ieeg. Is prgdmdei qui ti bmhms pmsmr ul taifpg
fu`bg fís oajæ`ae oi eg qui is ûtae. Qm smdifgs qui ems tmrims alm`mdmoms `riml tilsaðl
il su `iridrg. Pa supirð em `uepm y em virhõilzm moifís oi istg, istís bm`ailog mûl
fís oajæ`ae bm`ir ulm tmrim, y ti istís bm`ailog fasirmdei.

"Piltarsi `uepmdei `umlog istí juirm oie trmdmkg, `umlog lg istí il `gloa`aglis oi bm`ir
lmom me rispi`tg, lg is ûtae y puioi sir ogegrgsg", is`radi ie Or. Mrt Fmrcfml, prgjisgr oi
psa`geghæm y fmrcitalh il em Ylavirsaomo oi _ixms, Mustal. ―_i bmrí siltar pigr pgr tu trmdmkg il
hilirme y piroirí ie taifpg qui pgoræms pmsmr `gl mfahgs, jmfaeamris g rimeazmr ulm m`tavaomo
mhrmomdei. Em virhõilzm, sal ifdmrhg, is ulm bastgram oajirilti. Bmy ivaoil`am oi qui ems
pirsglms pgstirhmríl ixpeæ`atmfilti
ixpeæ`atmfilti pmrm ivatmr em virhõilzm. Is prgdmdei qui siltar virhõilzm
pgr ie trmdmkg qui lg bm `gfpeitmog ifpigri ie prgdeifm, lg eg fikgri, `glvartaálogeg il ulm
 ifg`aðl qui `msa lul`m myuom .  4

Piltarsi fme pgr su jmetm oi prghrisg is prgdmdei qui ei bmhm fís oajæ`ae oikmr oi
pgspglir ems `gsms. Iltgl`is, omti ul ois`mlsg. Hgepimrsi m sæ fasfg lg vm m
fikgrmr lmom y, omog qui istí eiyilog isti eadrg mbgrm, ym istí tgfmlog fioaoms pmrm
ivatmr oaem`aglis il ie juturg.

Il fa ixpirail`am, em fikgr fmlirm oi eaoamr `gl istg is il`gltrmr ulm fmlirm oi oavaoar em
tmrim il piomzgs piquiýgs, qui `glou`il m bídatgs qui `glou`il me áxatg. Zgevailog me iji`tg
[iahmrlac, `mom viz qui `gfpeitms ulm oi istms tmrims fís piquiýms, puiois quatmr isi pisg
oi tu filti. Q m fioaom qui jalmeazm `mom ulm oi istms sudtmrims, istí fu`bg fís `ir`m oi
`gfpeitmr em tmrim il hilirme.

_GFM ^MPGP ^MTM DIDÁ

^go`mst alvatmog Or. DK Jghh, julomogr y oari`tgr
oa ri`tgr oie Dibmvagr Oisahl Emd il em Ylavirsaomo oi
Ptmljgro y mutgr oi ^iquiýgs bídatgs, bm istmog istuoamlog ie `gfpgrtmfailtg bufmlg pgr fís oi
ogs oá`moms. Eg qui bm mpriloaog is qui sgeg tris `gsms puioil `mfdamr ie `gfpgrtmfailtg oi
ulm pirsglm m emrhg pemzg. Ylm is tilir ulm ipajmlæm, qui fuy pg`ms pirsglms puioil `glvg`mr m
pioaog. Gtrm is `mfdamr su iltgrlg, qui is pgsadei pmrm `msa tgogs, pirg lg li`ismramfilti jm`tadei
il ul fgfiltg omog. Ie tir`irg is, `gfg oa`i ie Or. Jghh, "omr piquiýgs pmsgs". 0

Fi hustm em jgrfm il qui istm bastgram aeustrm ie pral`apag oi pmsgs piquiýgs y safpeis;

Yl riy istmdm
`mutavmom farmlog
y tmfdaál m ul
ie Tiy. hrml ie
Me jalme, fmhg rimeazmr
pûdea`g ruhaðsu`gl
m`tg. Em fuetatuo
mprgdm`aðl. istmdm
Q ie Tiy oakg;
―]uá rihmeg taili isti bgfdri. Yl * tmeiltg gohavil ".

^irg ul smdag `glsikirg ei oakg me Tiy; ―Fa Piýgr, ie hilag si bm`i, lg lm`i. Em
bmdaeaomo oi isti fmhg is ie risuetmog oi em oas`apealm y em prí`ta`m. Istgs tmeiltgs si bml
mpriloaog y pirji``aglmog `gl ie taifpg `gl oitirfalm`aðl y oas`apealm ".

Ie riy istmdm prig`upmog pgr isti filsmki. Ie oismjæg oie `glsikirg bmdæm i`bmog m
piroir su pem`ir il ems mrtis oie fmhg. ―Bgfdri eafatmog y ril`grgsg. ·@ðfg ti mtrivis m
 `rata`mr m ul viromoirg hilag7 @gfg oaki, g eg tailis g lg. Q `airtmfilti lg eg bm`is.

Ie riy si vgevað bm`am su humromispmeoms y ei oakg; "_arm m isti bgfdri me `memdgzg fís
prgjulog". Q, pmrm dilija`ag oie `glsikirg, mhrihð; ―^mrm qui lg si sailtm sgeg, puioi tilir
ogs oi su `emsi pmrm qui ei bmhml `gfpmýæm. _ilorís ogs ei`bglis `gfg `gfpmýirgs oi
`ieom.

Oisoi ie prafir oæm oi su il`mr`iemfailtg, ie smdag `glsikirg prm`ta`ð `grrailog egs

is`meglis oi su `ieom bmstm em puirtm oi em prasaðl eeivmlog il `mom fmlg ul ei`bðl. M
fioaom qui egs oæms si `glvartairgl il sifmlms y ems sifmlms il fisis, egs ei`bglis si
`glvartairgl `glstmltifilti
`glstmltifilti il kmdmeæis rgdustgs. Q `gl `mom oæm oi prí`ta`m, ie smdag
`glsikirg mufiltð su pgoir y su juirzm. Yl oæm, ie Tiy ri`groð me smdag `glsikirg y saltað
`uragsaomo pgr vir `ðfg em prasaðl eg bmdæm bufaeemog. Bazg eemfmr me smdag `glsikirg.

@umlog mpmri`að ie prasaglirg, irm ul bgfdri oi jæsa`g pgoirgsg, `gl ul kmdmeæ

il `mom drmzg. Ie Tiy ix`emfð; ―]uá rihmeg taili isti bgfdri. M * tmeiltg omog.

Ie smdag `glsikirg rispgloað; ―Fa Piýgr, ie hilag si bm`i, lg lm`i. Fa bmdaeaomo is ie

risuetmog oi em oas`apealm y em prí`ta`m. Istgs tmeiltgs si bml mpriloaog y pirji``aglmog
taifpg `gl oitirfalm`aðl y
oas`apealm." ? ?

Ylm oi ems ûla`ms `gsms qui prgdmdeifilti `mfdail su `gfpgrtmfailtg is prghrismr

prghrisavmfilti.. ·Oi viromo lg quairis bm`ir em `ilm7 Bmhm mehg safpei pmrm qui su jmfaeam
prghrisavmfilti
`gfm failtrms `g`alm em `ilm fís tmroi. ·_ailis prgdeifms pmrm is`radar isi hrml oas`ursg
pmrm em `gljiril`am oie prðxafg fis7 Pafpeifilti is`radm em lgtm `emvi oie oas`ursg mbgrm.
·Istís mdrufmog pgr em `mltaomo oi ei`turm qui li`isatms bm`ir pmrm tu `emsi oi i`glgfæm7
Jækisi em fitm oi eiir ie prafir `mpætueg. Me ahume qui ie smdag `glsikirg, oidi omr ul pmsg m em
viz, ul oæm m em viz.

Eg qui lgtmrí il tgogs istgs is`ilmrags is ogs `gsms. Ylm is qui ti prisiltml mehg
qui puiois eghrmr; ulm va`tgram il ie `mfalg pmrm eeihmr me `mfpiglmtg oi bm`ir isti
trmdmkg. Em gtrm is qui tgogs ti pglil il ulm satum`aðl il em qui is prgdmdei qui eghris
mûl fís. Qm istís il em `g`alm, msæ qui dail pgoræms tirfalmr oi pripmrmr em `ilm. Bms
supirmog em lgtm `emvi y istís il ulm duilm rm`bm, msæ qui quazís tilhm siltaog
riom`tmr mehulms píhalms fís. Ie prafir `mpatueg oi tu
 

ie tixtg oi i`glgfæm lg irm tml si`g `gfg pmri`æm oisoi ie ixtiragr, y ym tailis ie eadrg
mdairtg3 puiois fmlikmr mehulgs `mpætuegs fís. Me oavaoar ulm tmrim qui istí pgstirhmlog
il piomzgs fís piquiýgs, ie `mfalg pmrm bm`ireg si vuievi `emrg.

Em fikgr fmlirm oi eaoamr `gl em tilsaðl iltri eg qui quairis y eg qui bms bi`bg
bmstm mbgrm pmrm eghrmreg is ri`gromr eg qui lgs ilsiým ie iji`tg [iahmrlac. Lg pgorí
trmlquaeazmr su filti sgdri istm tmrim bmstm qui em `gfpeiti, msæ qui mvml`i bm`am su
jalmeazm`aðl. @gfail`i il mehulm pmrti. Il `umequair satag. Al`eusg sa lg taili em ilirhæm
g em fgtavm`aðl pmrm bm`ir tgog, `gfail`i m bm`ireg. Istmrís mhrmoi`aog pgr ie meavag.

CXAC P_MT_ 

^ailsm il ulm tmrim afpgrtmlti qui bms istmog pgspglailog. ·]uá is7 ·@ðfg puioi
oavaoareg il pmsgs fís safpeis qui puioi bm`ir `mom oæm7

Il paegtg mutgfíta`g
^iquiýgs pmsgs safpeis ripitaogs `glou`il m bídatgs. Luistrgs bídatgs sgl ulm pmrti `iltrme oi eg
qui sgfgs. Zmrags istuoags bml oifgstrmog qui il mehûl euhmr iltri ie ?> y ie 9> pgr `ailtg oi eg
qui bm`ifgs tgogs egs oæms is prgou`tg oi ul bídatg. Isg sahlaja`m qui em fatmo oi luistrms vaoms si
rahi pgr eg qui egs `ailtæja`gs eemfml mutgfmta`aomo.
eemfml mutgfmta`aomo. Isti pgr`iltmki puioi sglmr metg pmrm ustio, sal
ouom fi eg bazg em prafirm viz qui eg is`u`bá, pirg `glsaoiri `uíltms `gsms bm`i tgogs egs oæms sal
pilsmr rimefilti il ieems. _i `ipaeems egs oailtis sal pilsmreg. Tivasms tu tieájglg m altirvmegs
prioi`adeis. @glou`is
@glou`is m em gja`alm y lg ri`uiroms pmrta`uemrfilti `ðfg eeihmsti meeæ. Pi mdrg`bm em
`bmquitm, sm`m ul vmsg oie mrfmrag y bm`i `ea` il ie `gltrge rifgtg oie tieivasgr mutgfíta`mfilti.
mutgfíta`mfilti.
 
 

Istg, pgr supuistg, is isil`ame pmrm em jgrfm il qui `glou`afgs luistrms vaoms. ·_i afmhalms eg
mdrufmogr qui siræm sa tuvairms qui pilsmr  `mom
 `mom `gsm ·eg ba`asti7 Pa al`eusg `ipaeemrsi egs oailtis
riquarairm mehûl lavie `gls`ailti oi `íe`ueg, istmræm ixbmustg m ems => oi em fmýmlm. "Pal emzgs oi
bídatgs, luistrgs `iridrgs si mpmhmræml, mdrufmogs pgr ems falu`ams oi em vaom `gtaoamlm", is`radi
@bmreis Oubahh il su eadrg fís viloaog, Ie
viloaog, Ie pgoir oie bídatg. ―Ems pirsglms `uygs hmlheags dmsmeis
istíl omýmogs pgr ulm eisaðl g iljirfiomo m filuog si pmrmeazml filtmefilt
filtmefilti.
i. _ailil prgdeifms
pmrm rimeazmr m`tavaomois dísa`ms, `gfg mdrar ulm puirtm g oi`aoar quá `gfir. ^airoil em `mpm`aomo
oi ahlgrmr oitmeeis alsahlaja`mltis; ul istuoag, pgr ikifpeg, ois`udrað qui egs pm`ailtis `gl eisaglis
oi egs hmlheags dmsmeis lg pgoæml ri`glg`ir ems ixprisaglis jm`ameis, al`euaogs ie faiog y ie ms`g,
pgrqui istmdml pirpitumfilti
pirpitumfilti alsihurgs sgdri il quá pmrti oi em `mrm iljg`mrsi ". 9 9

Kmfis @eimr, mutgr oie eadrg fís viloaog Bídatgs mtðfa`gs, oa`i; ―Egs bídatgs qui ripatis (g
lg ripatis) tgogs egs oæms oitirfalml il hrml fioaom tu smeuo, raquizm y jiea`aomo. Pmdir `ðfg
`mfdamr sus bídatgs sahlaja`m smdir `ðfg pgsiir y mofalastrmr sus oæms `gl `gljamlzm, `iltrmrsi
il egs `gfpgrtmfailtgs qui tailil ie fmygr afpm`tg y mpea`mr alhilairæm alvirsm m em vaom qui
oisim ". : :

"_gogs egs bídatgs ti sarvil oi mehulm fmlirm", fi oakg @eimr. ―M fioaom qui mvmlzms il em vaom,
ti iljriltms m ulm vmraiomo oi prgdeifms. Li`isatms mtmr tu zmpmtg3 tu `iridrg istí mutgfmtazmlog
em sgeu`aðl m isi prgdeifm. Isg is ul bídatg. Is em sgeu`aðl m ul prgdeifm ri`urrilti qui iljriltms
m eg emrhg oi em vaom, ulg qui bms ifpeimog tmltms vi`is qui puiois bm`ireg sal pilsmr. Pa em
sgeu`aðl ym lg jul`aglm, iltgl`is tu `iridrg em m`tumeazmrí ". 8 8

@eimr aoiltaja`m qui ie `a`eg oie bídatg taili `umtrg `gfpgliltis;

`gfpgliltis; ulm siýme, ul oisig, ulm
rispuistm y ulm ri`gfpilsm. Ysmlog ie ikifpeg oi il`iloir ulm euz `umlog iltrms il ulm
bmdatm`aðl, em siýme is `mfalmr bm`am em bmdatm`aðl y il`gltrmrem gs`urm. Ie mlbieg is siltar qui
bmdræm mehûl vmegr il qui em bmdatm`aðl lg istuvairm gs`urm. Em rispuistm
rispuistm is il`iloir ie
altirruptgr oi em euz, y em ri`gfpilsm is qui em bmdatm`aðl ym lg istí gs`urm. 2 ^uioi mpea`mr
isti `a`eg m `umequairm oi sus bídatgs, `gfg ri`adar su `grrig `umlog eeihui m `msm oie trmdmkg.
Em siýme is eeihmr m su iltrmom g puirtm oi iltrmom me jalme oie oæm. Ie mlbieg is ispirmr qui
bmym mehg il ie duzðl. Em rispuistm vm me duzðl pmrm mvirahumreg. Q em ri`gfpilsm is sm`mr ie
`grrig oi tu
 

duzðl. ^rgdmdeifilti lg pilsð il lmom oi istg bmstm qui rimefilti tuvg ie `grrig il sus
fmlgs.

_bi Bmdat Eggp

@rimr bídatgs pmrm mutgfmtazmr pmrtis isil`ameis oi luistrms vaoms is ulm tá`la`m oi
rm`aglmeazm`aðl julomfiltme qui bm`ifgs il hrml pmrti al`gls`ailtifilti, m filuog pmrm luistrg
dilija`ag. ^gr supuistg, tmfdaál mutgfmtazmfgs tgog tapg oi `gsms qui prgdmdeifilti siræm fu`bg
fikgr lg `glvirtar il bídatgs. Istgy sihurg oi qui `glg`is mehulm virsaðl oi istg. ]uazís ulm siýme
istá pmsmlog pgr em oispilsm oi tu `g`alm. Ie mlbieg prgvaili oie `glg`afailtg oi qui sus pmpms
jratms jmvgratms istíl il em oispilsm y su oisig allmtg oi `gfirems. Em rispuistm is qui iltrms il em
oispilsm, mdris em dgesm oi pmpms jratms y sm`ms ul puýmog hrmloi. Q em ri`gfpilsm is `rukailti,
 smemom, oiea`agsm hrmsm. . . isg lg dilija`am su smeuo oi lalhulm fmlirm. Luistrgs bídatgs lihmtavgs
gpirml `gl ie fasfg lavie oi

mutgfmtasfg `gfg luistrgs smlgs. Isgs `baps istíl il su istðfmhg al`eusg mltis oi qui bmym
tilaog em gpgrtulaomo oi omrsi `uiltm oi qui egs istmdm fitailog il em dg`m.

Mbgrm, `gfg istís il ie prg`isg oi vgevirti aeafatmog, smdis qui pirpitumr `gfpgrtmfailtgs
lihmtavgs is ulm `mrhm pmrm tus supirpgoiris.
s upirpgoiris. Iltgl`is, ·`ðfg rgfpis egs fmegs bídatgs y, eg
qui is fís afpgrtmlti, `ðfg `rims
` rims luivgs bídatgs qui ti myuomríl7

Iltrmr il ie bídatg
Mltis oi eeihmr m istg, bmdeifgs pgr ul fgfiltg sgdri `uíltg taifpg eeivm jgrfmr ul bídatg.
Il ul istuoag pmrm ie Ylavirsaty @geeihi Eglogl, ^baeeappm Emeey, @grlieam BF vml Kmmrsvieo,
Bilry XX ^gtts y Kmli Xmroei eeivmrgl m egs pmrta`apmltis m trmvás oie prg`isg oi oismrrgeemr
ul luivg bídatg smeuomdei oi `gfir, didir g bm`ir ikir`a`ag, `gfg didir mhum `gl ie
mefuirzg g trgtmr mltis `ilm. Pi eis paoað qui rimeazmrml isti luivg `gfpgrtmfailtg dmsmog
il siýmeis satum`aglmeis ispi`æja`ms tgogs egs oæms ourmlti 2? oæms. "^mrm em fmygræm oi egs
pmrta`apmltis", is`radairgl, "em mutgfmta`aomo mufiltð `glstmltifilti ourmlti egs oæms oie
istuoag, eg qui rispmeom em supgsa`aðl oi qui ripitar ul `gfpgrtmfailtg il ul iltgrlg
`glsastilti mufiltm em mutgfmta`aomo". Me jalme oie istuoag, ois`udrairgl qui tgfð ul
prgfioag oi :: oæms pmrm qui ie luivg `gfpgrtmfailtg si `glvartairm il ul bídatg, 1 1

_mfdaál si msufi mfpeamfilti qui rgfpir ul fme bídatg lg si trmtm oi tirfalmr `gl isi
bídatg, salg oi riifpemzmreg `gl ul bídatg oajirilti y fís `glstru`tavg. Ie Or. Ieeagt Dircfml,
oari`tgr oie Emdgrmtgrag oi Liurg`ail`am Pg`ame y Mji`tavm oi em Ylavirsaomo oi Grihgl, siýmem;
"Is fu`bg fís jí`ae `gfilzmr m bm`ir mehg luivg qui oikmr oi bm`ir mehg bmdatume sal ul
`gfpgrtmfailtg sustatutavg. Ism is ulm rmzðl pgr em `ume ems myuoms pmrm oikmr oi jufmr, `gfg ie
`ba`ei oi la`gtalm g egs albmemogris, tailoil m sir fís iji`tavgs qui ie pmr`bi oi la`gtalm ".  =>

Iltgl`is, sa ie prg`isg oi `gfilzmr ul luivg bídatg, `gfg risirvmr ul taifpg pmrm eiir tgogs egs
oæms, is dísa`mfilti ie fasfg qui ie prg`isg oi tirfalmr ul bídatg lihmtavg, `gfg mhmrrmr isms
ja`bms `mom viz qui pmsms pgr em oispilsm, ·`ðfg jul`aglm7 7
 Me ahume qui `gl fu`bms oi ems `gsms qui bifgs oas`utaog il isti eadrg, em fgtavm`aðl kuihm ul pmpie `emvi.
Bmdemlog ispi`æja`mfilti sgdri ie isjuirzg pmrm rgfpir egs bídatgs, ie Or.

_bgfms *. ^emlti, prgjisgr `eæla`g mokultg oie Oipmrtmfiltg oi ^saquamtræm y @ail`ams oie
@gfpgrtmfailtg oi em Jm`uetmo oi Fioa`alm oi em Ylavirsaomo oi Ptmljgro, oakg; "Oipiloi
oi `uíltg rimefilti quairml rgfpir ie bídatg. Fu`bms pirsglms sgl mfdavmeiltis
mfdavmeiltis.. ]uairil
piroir pisg, pirg eis hustml egs meafiltgs qui `gfil. ]uairil riou`ar su `glsufg oi
me`gbge pirg mfml su bgrm jieaz. ]uairil oikmr oi rms`mrsi ems uýms, pirg eis riou`i ie
istrás. ^gr eg tmltg, ul tifm afpgrtmlti is quá tmltg oisim rgfpir ie bídatg il `uistaðl.
Pihulog, ·quá tml istmdei`aog is ie bídatg prgdeifíta`g7 Is fís jí`ae rgfpir ul luivg
bídatg qui ulg vaikg. _ir`irg, ·`uíeis sgl ems `glsi`uil`ams oi lg rgfpir ie bídatg7 ·_i
oikmrí ul `gfpmýirg7 ·^iroirís ul trmdmkg7 ·_i iljirfmrís7 ·^msmrí mehg rimefilti
fmeg sa lg `mfdams7 ==
 
 

Ie Or. DK Jghh `rið ie Fgoieg oi @gfpgrtmfailtg oi Jghh pmrm aoiltaja`mr ems `ar`ulstml`ams
qui oidil istmr prisiltis pmrm qui g`urrm ul `mfdag oi `gfpgrtmfailtg. "^mrm qui su`iom ul
`gfpgrtmfailtg
`gfpgrtmfailt g gdkitavg", siýmem, "ulm pirsglm oidi tilir suja`ailti fgtavm`aðl, suja`ailti
`mpm`aomo y ulm prgltm iji`tavaomo. Egs tris jm`tgris oidil istmr prisiltis il ie fasfg alstmlti
pmrm qui g`urrm ie `gfpgrtmfailtg ".  =4 Il gtrms pmemdrms, li`isatms tris `gsms pmrm oismrrgeemr ul
bídatg; li`isatms ie oisig oi bm`ireg, ym qui is ixtrifmomfi
ixtrifmomfilti
lti oajæ`ae bm`ir bmdatume mehg qui
rimefilti lg quairis bm`ir3 li`isatms ems bmdaeaomois pmrm bm`ireg, ym qui is `msa afpgsadei bm`ir
ul bídatg `gl mehg qui lg tailis em `mpm`aomo oi eghrmr3 y li`isatm mehg pmrm ala`amr ie `a`eg oie
bídatg (eg qui Kmfis @eimr y gtrgs eemfml "em siýme"). Zimfgs `mom ieifiltg m su viz;

Fgtavm`aðl
Qm bifgs bmdemog sgdri em fgtavm`aðl, pirg vmei em pilm vgevir m vir ie tifm mquæ pmrm vireg
oisoi em pirspi`tavm oi Jghh. Jghh aoiltaja`m tris fgtavmogris `emvi;

=) ^em`ir / Pmal; Isti is ie fgtavmogr fís alfioamtg. Il isti `msg, ie `gfpgrtmfailtg taili ulm
ri`gfpilsm `msa alfioamtm, pgsatavm g lihmtavm. "@rig qui ie pem`ir / ogegr is ulm rispuistm
prafatavm", oa`i Jghh, "y jul`aglm oi jgrfm momptmtavm il ie bmfdri, ie sixg y gtrms m`tavaomois
riem`aglmoms `gl em mutg`glsirvm`aðl y em prgpmhm`aðl oi luistrgs hilis". =0

4) BgPI / Aimr; M oajiril`am oi em alfioamtiz oie fgtavmogr mltiragr, isti si trmtm oi

mlta`apm`aðl. @umlog tailis ispirmlzms, istís mlta`apmlog qui mehg duilg su`ioirí3 `umlog
tailis faiog, istís mlta`apmlog eg `gltrmrag. "Istm oafilsaðl is m vi`is fís pgoirgsm qui
ie pem`ir / ogegr, `gfg si ivaoil`am il ie `gfpgrtmfailtg `gtaoamlg", siýmem Jghh. ―^gr
ikifpeg, il mehulms satum`aglis, ems pirsglms m`iptmríl ie ogegr (ulm vm`ulm `gltrm em hrapi)
pmrm supirmr ie faiog (mlta`apm`aðl oi `gltrmir em hrapi).  =?

0) M@I^_M@AÐL PG@AME / TI@GFILOM@AÐL; Egs siris bufmlgs saifpri bml oisimog sir
s ir m`iptmogs pgr
sus `gfpmýirgs, ym qui rifgltmrsi m em ápg`m il qui si egs `gloilmdm me gstrm`asfg pgoræm sahlaja`mr ulm
siltil`am oi fuirti, y istg sahui sailog ul hrml fgtavmogr. "Ie pgoir oi em fgtavm`aðl sg`ame prgdmdeifilti
istá `gli`tmog m lgsgtrgs
 

y quazís tgoms ems oifís `ramturms qui bastðra`mfilti oipiloæml oi vavar il hrupgs pmrm sgdrivavar
". =9

@mpm`aomo

Jghh iquapmrm em bmdaeaomo `gl em safpea`aomo, siýmemlog qui `umlog mehg is safpei pmrm lgsgtrgs, is
fu`bg fís prgdmdei qui eg bmhmfgs. Oijali sias `mtihgræms oi safpea`aomo;

=) Bgrm; Pgeg pir`adafgs qui mehg is safpei sa tilifgs ie taifpg oaspgladei pmrm
rimeazmr em jul`aðl.
4) Oalirg; Oie fasfg fgog, sa mehg istarm luistrgs ri`ursgs jalml`airgs, lg eg `glsaoirmfgs
safpei.

0) Isjuirzg jæsa`g; @glsaoirmfgs qui ems `gsms qui sgl jæsa`mfilti jí`aeis pmrm lgsgtrgs sgl safpeis.

?) @a`egs `iridrmeis; Ems `gsms safpeis lg hrmvml luistrg pilsmfailtg, y ivatmfgs ems `gsms qui
riquairil qui pilsifgs oifmsamog.

9) Oisvam`aðl sg`ame; Istg si rifgltm m em fgtavm`aðl oi m`iptm`aðl. Yl m`tg safpei si mkustm m

ems lgrfms sg`ameis.

:) Lg rutalmrag; Bmstm quá pultg mehg istí juirm oi em rutalm lgrfme oijalarí su lavie oi
safpea`aomo.

Mvasgs
Jalmefilti, Jghh gdsirvm tris tapgs oi filsmkis;

=) PPmrc; Ylm `baspm is ul tapg oi mvasg qui `glou`i alfioamtmfilti m ulm jgrfm oi
fgtavm`aðl. ^gr ikifpeg, sa mdrar su `grrig iei`trðla`g hilirm ul lavie oi faiog pgr eg qui
puiom il`gltrmr meeæ, is prgdmdei qui mogpti ul bídatg qui eg `mfdai.

4) Jm`aeatmogr; Isti tapg oi mvasg jul`aglm `umlog em fgtavm`aðl is metm, pirg em `mpm`aomo is dmkm. ^gr
ikifpeg, sa oisim utaeazmr ul oitirfalmog tapg oi sgjtwmri il su `gfputmogrm, pirg taili mvirsaðl
ti`lgeðha`m, is prgdmdei qui ulm birrmfailtm qui bmhm qui ie sgjtwmri sim fís jí`ae oi usmr ei
 bmhm mogptmr isti `gfpgrtmfailtg.

0) Piýme; Il mehulgs `msgs, tilorí ulm metm fgtavm`aðl y ulm hrml `mpm`aomo. Eg ûla`g qui
li`isatm pmrm `glvirtar ul `gfpgrtmfailtg il ul bídatg is mehûl tapg oi ri`gromtgrag g
siýme. Pa ti il`mltm bm`ir dmtaogs `iridrmeis, tgog eg qui li`isatms is iltrmr m tu `g`alm
pgr em fmýmlm y vir em ea`umogrm pmrm qui ti bmhm ulg.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·^uiois aoiltaja`mr egs bídatgs qui quairis rgfpir7 ·@uíe is isi bídatg qui ti
afpaoi bm`ir gtrms `gsms afpgrtmltis il tu oæm7 Is`rædmeg, euihg aoiltajaqui ems
aloa`m`aglis qui eg afpuesml m rimeazmr isi bídatg.

@TIMLOG YL LYIZG BÍDA_G

Ie fgoieg oi `gfpgrtmfailtg oi Jghh lgs fuistrm tgog eg qui si li`isatm pmrm qui ul `gfpgrtmfailtg
il pmrta`uemr si `glvairtm il ul bídatg. Pmdifgs qui `rimr bídatgs oi `gfpgrtmfailtgs qui
`glsaoirmfgs duilgs pmrm lgsgtrgs is afpgrtmlti pmrm luistrg `ri`afailtg, y tmfdaál smdifgs qui em
`emvi pmrm rgfpir egs fmegs bídatgs is riifpemzmregs pgr gtrgs fís `glstru`tavgs. ·^irg `ðfg bm`is oi
mehg ul bídatg7 Pgeg ri`uirom XAL;

X is Agr Xmlt; Msihûrmti oi qui rimefilti eg quairis. Is `msa afpgsadei `glvirtar

mehg il ul bídatg sa lg quairis bm`ir isg. ·Ylg oi egs
e gs fgtavmogris il ie Fgoieg
Jghh si mpea`m me bídatg qui istís trmtmlog oi mogptmr7 Pa lg, ·bmy mehg `ir`mlg m
isti bídatg qui puiom eghrmr mehg safaemr pmrm ustio7

Qg sgy Agr allmtg; ·Ie luivg bídatg qui istís trmtmlog oi mogptmr si mealim dail `gl tus
bmdaeaomois allmtms7 Ti`uiroi qui is pg`g prgdmdei qui `glvairtm mehg il ul bídatg
`umlog is `glstmltifilti oajæ`ae oi rimeazmr. Pa ie bídatg qui istís trmtmlog oi mogptmr is
mehg il eg qui iris duilg g smdis qui puiois sir duilg, istís il `mfalg.
 L is Agr mbgrm; @rii ul filsmki pmrm ustio qui eg meailti m rimeazmr ie luivg bídatg mbgrm.
Istg puioi sir `umequair `gsm, oisoi ul ri`gromtgrag

su tieájglg pmrm `geg`mr mehg il su gja`alm qui ei ri`uiroi risirvmr taifpg pmrm
bm`ir eg qui si prgpgli bm`ir.

@TI@AILOG _YsiZAOM
Il `msg oi qui mûl YLquá
prihulti BMDA_G M EM
iji`tg puioi ZI[
tilir ie istmdei`afailtg oi duilgs bídatgs il
su vaom, pirfætmfi `gfpmrtar ulm bastgram sgdri ulg oi luistrgs `eailtis. Ramlh sujræm oi
isquazgjrilam y oiprisaðl. M filuog is`u`bmdm vg`is qui ei oi`æml qui si emstafmrm m sæ
fasfg gm gtrgs, y oidaog m istg sgpgrtð vmrags pirægogs il smems psaquaítra`ms. Oispuás oi
il`gltrmr em fioa`m`aðl moi`umom y smear oi su ûetafm rglom oi trmtmfailtg, ois`udrað fa pgo`mst
y mpriloað mehulms oi ems tí`ta`ms qui ilsiýg il fa is`uiem. @gfilzð m is`u`bmr oi jgrfm
rihuemr y pmrta`apð il ie Cwac @bmeeilhi, ulm sirai oi ikir`a`ags qui eeivg m ems pirsglms m trmvás
pmrm altrgou`ar em lgviomo il su pilsmfailtg y, pgr eg tmltg, fmltilir sus `iridrgs saltglazmogs
pmrm ie mpriloazmki. Me pral`apag, istg jui oajæ`ae pmrm Ramlh, pirg si `iltrð il bm`ir sgeg ogs
oismjægs pmrta`uemris; `ipaeeílogsi egs oailtis `gl em fmlg gpuistm y tgfmlog ulm ou`bm jræm
tgoms ems fmýmlms. Mufiltð su taifpg dmkg ie mhum jræm il ul falutg `mom sifmlm y, me bm`ireg,
ois`udrað qui sir `mpmz oi bm`ir mehg oajæ`ae, `gfg istmr pmrmog dmkg mhum biemom ourmlti vmrags
falutgs `mom fmýmlm, ei bazg omrsi `uiltm oi qui bmdæm írims il su vaom. il ie qui istmdm
eu`bmlog pgr sus eafatm`aglis. ^mrtailog oi istms ixpirail`ams oi Cwac @bmeeilhi, `gfilzð m
mpea`mr eg qui istmdm mpriloailog sgdri egs bídatgs y ie `mfdag oi `gfpgrtmfailtg m gtrms írims.

Em vaom oi Ramlh fikgrð ormfíta`mfilti. _gfð su ixmfil oi ea`il`am oi `glou`ar y pmsð.

@mfdað su oaitm, `grtð ems didaoms mzu`mrmoms y `gfilzð m `grrir pgr ie pmrqui ourmlti `al`g
falutgs tgoms ems fmýmlms. @gfilzð m eiir eadrgs, ie prafir sir  Filtmeaomo
 Filtmeaomo pgr @mrge Owi`c, y
failtrms eiæm, is`u`bmdm fûsa`m dmrrg`m pmrm `gltrgemr su ei`turm y oastrmirsi oi ems
meu`alm`aglis.
meu`alm`agli s. Ei eeivð ul fis tirfalmr ie eadrg, pirg `umlog eg bazg, saltað ulm silsm`aðl oi
`gljamlzm qui lul`m mltis bmdæm tilaog. Egs vamkis m em dadeagti`m si `glvartairgl il mehg lgrfme.
Ramlh al`eusg eeivð su mpriloazmki me sahuailti lavie y si als`radað il `emsis oi aljgrfíta`m il ulm
ulavirsaomo eg`me. Q em fikgr pmrti is qui mbgrm `rii qui is ul mpriloaz oi pgr vaom.

^uioi pilsmr qui oidaog m tgogs sus altiltgs jmeeaogs oie pmsmog pmrm `mfdamr sus bídatgs y rutalms,
 istí `gloilmog me jrm`msg pmrm saifpri. Em bastgram oi Ramlh fuistrm qui `mfdamlog sgeg ulg g ogs
piquiýgs bídatgs il tu oæm, al`riædei
a l`riædei

Ie prghrisg puioi sihuar. Mehg tml safpei `gfg `ipaeemrsi egs oailtis `gl em fmlg gpuistm puioi sir ie
`gfailzg oi ulm jgrfm oi vaom `gfpeitmfilti luivm.

IP_MDEI@AILOG YLM FMÝMLM

TY_ALM
·^gr quá is tml afpgrtmlti tu rutalm fmtutalm7 @rig jarfifilti qui sa `gfailzms tu oæm
`gl ulm sirai oi m`tavaomois safpeis, tailis ulm hrml viltmkm. Moifís, sa `gljahurm
rutalms hmlmogrms tifprmlg il ie oæm, puioi dilija`amrsi oi eg qui _gly Tgddals
eemfm "em `ail`am oie afpuesg"; em lg`aðl oi qui ulm viz qui pgli il fmr`bm ie eghrg,
puioi fmltilireg il fgvafailtg `gl fu`bg filgs isjuirzg qui sa istmdms trmtmlog
oi eghrmr mehg oisoi ie pral`apag. _ilhg ulm rutalm fmtutalm `uaomogsmfilti
oismrrgeemom pmrm myuomrfi m hmlmr ie oæm qui afpea`m pripmrmr fa filti. Lg bmhg
tgoms y `mom ulm oi istms `gsms tgogs egs oæms, ispi`amefilti `umlog vamkg, pirg

saifpri bmhg em fmygræm oi ieems, y sá `gl `irtizm qui fi pripmrm filtmefilti y fi

pripmrm pmrm ie riloafailtg, em prgou`tavaomo y em pgsatavaomo oi Il ie fgfiltg il qui
fi eivmltg.

Al`eusg mltis oi eivmltmrfi oi em `mfm, pmsg ul taifpg rijeixaglmlog sgdri fas suiýgs.
Egs suiýgs sgl ulm ixprisaðl oie trmdmkg qui bm`i tu sud`gls`ailti failtrms ouirfis, y bmy
grg pmrm ixtrmir oi ieegs. Fu`bgs hilags m eg emrhg oi em bastgram bml m``ioaog rihuemrfilti y,
m filuog, gdtuvairgl sus fikgris aoims i ba`airgl sus fmygris ois`udrafailtgs m pmrtar oi
sus suiýgs. M Fmry Pbieeiy si ei g`urrað em aoim oi
oi Jrmlcilstial
 Jrmlcilstial il sus suiýgs Yl suiýg jui

em juilti oie "Myir" oi ^mue F`@mrtliy y em tigræm oi em riemtavaomo oi Ialstial.

Iltgl`is, eg prafirg qui bmhg `mom fmýmlm, al`eusg mltis oi eivmltmr em `mdizm oi em mefgbmom,
is pilsmr il fas suiýgs pmrm vir sa bmy ulm aoim g ulm pir`ip`aðl g ulm luivm jgrfm oi vir mehg qui
puiom sir ûtae pmrm eg qui yg ''. Istgy trmtmlog oi eghrmreg. Pá qui mehulgs oi ustiois tailil prgdeifms
pmrm ri`gromr sus suiýgs, msæ qui eis prgpgr`aglmrá ulm tá`la`m flifðla`m rípaom oasiýmom pmrm
myuomregs m bm`ireg. Pgeg pailsi il em pmemdrm PYIÝGP;

O is pmrm oi`aoar; Em lg`bi mltiragr, tgfm ulm oi`asaðl `gls`ailti oi qui vms m
 ri`gromr tus suiýgs. Pa istmdei`i em altil`aðl, sus pgsadaeaomois fikgrml
ormfíta`mfilti.

T is Agr Ti`gro; Fmltilhm ul dgeæhrmjg y pmpie me emog oi su `mfm, g al`eusg tilhm ulm mpea`m`aðl
oi hrmdm`aðl oaspgladei il su tieájglg. _ml prgltg `gfg si oispairti, rihastri `umequair
`umequair ri`uirog
pirsastilti oi sus suiýgs.

I is Agr Iyis; Fmltilhm egs gkgs `irrmogs kustg oispuás oi oispirtmrsi. Egs suiýgs puioil
oismpmri`ir il `uistaðl oi falutgs, y sa fmltailis egs gkgs `irrmogs, istg ti myuomrí m rijeixaglmr.

M is Agr MAAarf; Mltis oi arsi m ogrfar, mjarfi qui vm m ri`gromr sus suiýgs,
pgrqui em mjarfm`aðl is ulm birrmfailtm `ræta`m pmrm eghrmreg.

F is Agr Fmlmhi; ^gr fu`bms rmzglis, pirg ispi`æja`mfilti mquæ pmrm ri`gromr
sus suiýgs, is afpgrtmlti `gltrgemr su suiýg y istmdei`ir duilms rutalms oi
suiýg.

P is Agr Pbmri; Bmdem sgdri tus suiýgs `gl egs oifís. @umlog eg bm`i, egs sm`m
m em supirja`ai `mom viz fís y oismrrgeem em rutalm oi mprgvi`bmr sus suiýgs pmrm
pgoir oas`utaregs fís tmroi.

Eg prafirg qui bmhg oispuás oi eivmltmrfi oi em `mfm is bm`ir em `mfm. Isti is ul bídatg oi
áxatg, fa prafir eghrg oie oæm. Is ulm va`tgram jí`ae, y taili em viltmkm moa`aglme oi bm`ir qui fa bgrm oi
ogrfar sim fís pem`iltirm, pgrqui saifpri is fikgr rihrismr ism lg`bi m ulm `mfm bi`bm. Is pgr isg
qui, il ie ikár`atg, ti iltrilml pmrm bm`ir tu `mfm m prafirm bgrm oi em fmýmlm, pgrqui ti pripmrm pmrm
sir ix`ieilti il tgog eg qui bm`is. Oispuás oi isg, tilhg ul vmsg metg oi mhum. Em baormtm`aðl is fuy
afpgrtmlti m prafirm bgrm oi em fmýmlm pgrqui luistrgs `uirpgs pairoil fu`bm mhum failtrms
ogrfafgs pgr ie safpei m`tg oi risparmr. Ti`uiroi; Luistrgs `iridrgs sgl mprgxafmomfilti 89 pgr
`ailtg oi mhum, pgr eg qui sa vmfgs m il`iloir luistrgs `iridrgs, li`isatmfgs istmr dail baormtmogs.
_mfdaál tilhg ul vmsg oi kuhg oi mpag, qui istafuem ie sastifm alfulgeðha`g, myuom m ieafalmr ems
tgxalms oie bæhmog, y myuom m ristmurmr ems heílouems suprmrrilmeis (pultm oie sgfdrirg pmrm Mltbgly
Xaeeamf, ie fioag fáoa`g, pgr istm aoim). Kustg oispuás oi istg, tgfmrá fas prgdaðta`gs pmrm
msihurmrfi oi qui fa sihulog `iridrg gdtilhm eg qui li`isatm.

Euihg fi `ipaeeg egs oailtis `gl em fmlg gpuistm. Bmhg istg pmrm iltrilmr m fa `iridrg pmrm
bm`ir `gsms oajæ`aeis, pgrqui istafuem ulm pmrti oajirilti oi tu `iridrg y pgrqui fi gdeahm m istmr
 prisilti. Lg puiog istmr bm`ailog gtrms `gsms pmrm bm`ireg dail.

Euihg bmhg ul iltrilmfailtg oi tris falutgs. Isti lg is fa iltrilmfailtg `gfpeitg, pirg quairg
mufiltmr fa jri`uil`am `mroæm`m m prafirm bgrm oi em fmýmlm, ym qui myuom `gl ie `gltrge oie suiýg
y ie pisg, y `gl em gxahilm`aðl oie `iridrg. Ylm viz qui tirfalg `gl isg, fi ogy ulm ou`bm jræm.
Istgy sihurg oi qui mehulgs oi ustiois si istrifi`iríl mlti em aoim oi `gfilzmr ie oæm
hgepiílogsi `gl mhum jræm, pirg ems tirmpams pmrm ie risjramog oi isti tapg bm`il ul hrml trmdmkg me
ristmdei`ir ie sastifm lirvagsg y tailil ie dilija`ag moa`aglme oi myuomr m `gltrgemr `umequair
aljemfm`aðl. @umlog smehg oi em ou`bm, rimeazg ulm sirai oi ikir`a`ags oi risparm`aðl
r isparm`aðl pmrm gxahilmr
`gfpeitmfilti fa `uirpg. Euihg bmhg ulgs 4> falutgs oi fioatm`aðl pmrm tilir ulm filti `emrm me
`gfilzmr ie oæm. Ie prg`isg qui usg, [avm Fioatmtagl, jui oismrrgeemog pgr fa iltrilmogrm oi
fioatm`aðl, Ifaey Jeit`bir, ul prg`isg oi tris pmsgs qui alvgeu`rm mtil`aðl peilm, fioatm`aðl y
fmlajistm`aðl.w
fmlajistm`aðl. 
  ww.EafateissDggc.`gf/risgu r`is .  Euihg, pripmrg fa "tá `iridrme", ulm `gfdalm`aðl
oi hgtu cgem, halchg, fieilm oi eiðl, m`iati oi F@_ y mehulms gtrms `gsms. Euihg fi siltmrá pmrm
pmsmr ul taifpg is`radailog il ul oamrag, y oikmrá fas prafirgs pilsmfailtgs oie oæm il em píhalm. Fa
gdkitavg il `umequair oæm is eghrmr tris `gsms pgr trmdmkg y tris `gsms pirsglmefilti, y istmdeiz`g
istm mhilom mbgrm. Pahg istg `gl mprgxafmomfilti fioam bgrm oi ei`turm. Fi prgpusi eiir ul
fælafg oi ul eadrg pgr sifmlm y bm`ir oi istg pmrti oi fa rutalm fmtutalm pmrm fmltilirfi il
`ursg.

Jalmefilti, didg fa "ea`umog `iridrme", ulm `gfdalm`aðl oi fu`bgs oi egs meafiltgs pmrm ie `iridrg qui
oas`utafgs mltiragrfilti il isti `mpætueg (lg bmy smefðl mquæ, il `msg oi qui si eg
e g prihulti).

Mbgrm, is `airtg, istm rutalm riquairi fu`bg taifpg. @gfg fil`aglá, lg puiog m``ioir m
tgog istg tgogs egs oæms, y puiog mpri`amr sa pmri`i fís oi eg qui puiois fmlikmr,
ispi`amefilti sa li`isatms qui gtrgs `gfail`il il su oæm. ^irg sa su gdkitavg me eiir isti eadrg is
fikgrmr su `iridrg, iltgl`is mehulm vmram`aðl il ulm rutalm fmtutalm oi isti tapg is ulm pmrti
altihrme oie prg`isg. Mquæ istíl ems eemvis;

@gltrgei sus suiýgs mltis oi eivmltmrsi oi em `mfm. Mquæ bmy fu`bg grg pmrm
ixtrmir, msæ qui ei ri`gfailog qui lg gfatm isti pmsg.

* *it ustio baormtmog y gxahilmog.

 

Meafáltmti `gl mehulgs oi egs meafiltgs pmrm ie `iridrg fil`aglmogs il isti `mpætueg.

Istmdei`i ul peml pmrm ie oæm.

Pa bm`is me filgs istms `umtrg `gsms, istmrís il `mfalg oi m`ieirmr tu `iridrg

pmrm gpirmr m ul lavie oi metg g`tmlmki. Al`grpgrm tmltms `gsms `gfg puioms me
`gfailzg oi tu oæm. Eg fís afpgrtmlti is tilir ulm rutalm fmtutalm prgou`tavm. Lg
puiog iljmtazmr eg suja`ailti ie afpm`tg qui taili su oæm eadri pmrm `gfilzmr dail il
`ðfg vm ie oæm il hilirme.

CXAC P_MT_ 

@rim tu luivm rutalm fmtutalm. Ti`uiroi, lg taili qui sir fu`bg. Al`eusg ulm safpei rutalm
oi tris pmsgs puioi myuomreg m `gfilzmr su fmýmlm. ·@uíeis sgl ems tris `gsms qui
saifpri bmrís em prafirm viz qui ti eivmltis pmrm pripmrmr tu oæm pmrm hmlmr7 Is`rædiegs.

Mltis oi sihuar moiemlti

Lalhulg oi lgsgtrgs pgoræm vavar sal bídatgs, pgr supuistg, pirg trmdmkmr `gls`ailtifilti pmrm
al`grpgrmr luivgs bídatgs `glstru`tavgs m su vaom y riifpemzmr egs fmegs bídatgs pgr gtrgs fikgris
eeivmrí sus supirpgoiris m ul luivg lavie. Mltis oi pmsmr me sahuailti `mpætueg, mquæ bmy mehulms
`gsms qui bm`ir;

Tijuir`i su `gfprilsaðl oie `a`eg oi bídatgs me pilsmr il egs `umtrg `gfpgliltis oi

mehulgs oi sus bídatgs fís `gfulis, `gfg pripmrmr su oismyulg g eeivmr me pirrg m
pmsimr. ·@uíe is em siýme, ie oisig, em rispuistm y em ri`gfpilsm pgr `mom ulg oi
istgs7 Oioaqui ulgs falutgs m pilsmr il ul bídatg qui ei hustmræm riifpemzmr pgr ulg
fís `glstru`tavg. Ysmlog ie fgoieg oi `gfpgrtmfailtg oi Jghh, ·quá `gfpgrtmfailtg
luivg puioi mogptmr qui si mkusti pirji`tmfilti me fgoieg7 Ti`grrm ie prg`isg oi
`gfilzmr ul luivg bídatg vmeagsg `gl XAL.
 
 

=>
JEYAT 

·^gr quá Aegw is tml afpgrtmlti pmrm eeihmr m sir aeafatmog7

·@ðfg eghrg ul istmog Aegw7

·@uíeis sgl egs ilifahgs `emvi oi Aegw7

Istgy sihurg oi qui bm bmdaog fgfiltgs il qui istmdm tml `gfpeitmfilti mtrmpmog il eg qui
istmdm bm`ailog qui tgog eg oifís oismpmri`að y si saltað `gfg em `gsm fís lmturme qui bmym
bi`bg. Ie taifpg prgdmdeifilti si oisvmli`að ourmlti istms ixpirail`ams. Em hilti rihuemrfilti
fi `uiltm m`ir`m oi `iltrmrsi tml prgjulomfilti il eg qui istmdml bm`ailog qui lg tilæml aoim
oi qui em tmroi si bmdæm `glvirtaog il lg`bi g qui si bmdæml piroaog vmrams `gfaoms il ie prg`isg.
Istm ixpirail`am is jeuar. Il su eadrg paglirg, Jeukg;
paglirg, Jeukg; em psa`geghæm oi em ixpirail`am ðptafm, 
ðptafm, em psa`ðeghm
Fabmey @sacsziltfabmeya ois`radi jeuar `gfg "ie istmog il ie qui ems pirsglms istíl tml alvgeu`rmoms
il ulm m`tavaomo qui lmom fís pmri`i afpgrtmr3 em ixpirail`am il sæ is tml mhrmomdei qui em hilti
eg bmrí al`eusg m ul hrml `gstg, pgr ie firg bi`bg oi bm`ireg ". ^mrm @sacsziltfabmeya,
@s acsziltfabmeya, ie jeukg is
ulm ixprisaðl oi "ixpirail`am ðptafm". =

Ie Or. @sacsziltfabmeya ois`radi ie jeukg `gl g`bg `mrm`tiræsta`ms;  4

 =. @gl`iltrm`aðl mdsgeutm
4. Iljgqui tgtme il ems fitms

0. Em silsm`aðl oi qui ie taifpg si istí m`ieirmlog g oasfaluyilog

?. Yl siltafailtg oi ri`gfpilsm pgr em ixpirail`am.

9. Ylm silsm`aðl oi sal isjuirzg

:. Em ixpirail`am is oismjamlti, pirg lg oifmsamog

8. Pus m``aglis `msa pmri`il istmr su`ioailog pgr sæ fasfms.

2. _i sailtis `ðfgog `gl eg qui istís bm`ailog

@gfg prgdmdeifilti bmym ixpirafiltmog, istmr il ul istmog oi jeukg mufiltm

orísta`mfilti su prgou`tavaomo. Egs aljgrfis bml suhiraog qui ie jeukg puioi bm`ireg bmstm
`al`g vi`is fís prgou`tavg. Em hilti oi F`Calsiy al`eusg bm afmhalmog ulm juirzm emdgrme
ogloi ie jeukg is `gfûl;

@umlog eis prihultmfgs m egs iki`utavgs ourmlti ie ikir`a`ag oi fíxafg riloafailtg `uíltg
fís prgou`tavgs juirgl il su pultg fíxafg oi eg qui juirgl il prgfioag, pgr ikifpeg,
gdtilifgs ulm vmraiomo oi rispuistms, pirg eg fís `gfûl il egs lavieis supiragris is ul
mufiltg oi `al`g vi`is. Em fmygræm aljgrfm qui ieegs y sus ifpeimogs istíl il em zglm il ie
trmdmkg filgs oie => pgr `ailtg oi ems vi`is, mulqui mehulgs mjarfml ixpirafiltmr istgs
siltafailtgs bmstm il ul 9> pgr `ailtg. Pa egs ifpeimogs qui trmdmkml il ul iltgrlg oi metg A?,
metg I? y metg F? sgl `al`g vi`is fís prgou`tavgs il su pultg fíxafg oi eg qui sgl il
prgfioag, `glsaoiri eg qui al`eusg ul mufiltg riemtavmfilti fgoistg oi 4> pultgs pgr`iltumeis
il ie taifpg pa`g prgou`aræm il em prgou`tavaomo hilirme oie euhmr
e uhmr oi trmdmkg; `msa si oupea`mræm. 0

HMLMLOG @GL oi
^mtra`c, ul faifdrg JEYKG
luistrm `gfulaomo, eu`bð `glstmltifilti `gl ie _OMB y em
al`mpm`aomo pmrm `gl`iltrmrsi.
`gl`iltrmrsi. Bmdæm saog ul prgdeifm pmrm áe m eg emrhg oi su vaom. Pi
oastrmæm jí`aefilti g, m em alvirsm, istmdm bapiriljg`mog il oitrafiltg oi tgog y oi tgogs
egs qui eg rgoimdml. Al`eusg ixpirafiltð istg ourmlti sus tgrligs oi kukatsu drmsaeiýg. _uvg
oaja`uetmois pmrm oi`aoar quá tá`la`m usmr `gl egs gpgliltis y saltað qui istmdm trmtmlog oi
usmr `mom fgvafailtg m em viz, m pismr oi qui fu`bgs oi ieegs lg irml mprgpamogs pmrm em
satum`aðl. Pu al`mpm`aomo pmrm `gl`iltrmrsi mji`tð su trmdmkg, su vaom jmfaeamr y su oipgrti
jmvgratg, y saltað ul metg lavie oi istrás `msa tgog ie taifpg. Iltgl`is, ul oæm `gfilzð m
is`u`bmr ipasgoags oi fa pgo`mst, ogloi is`u`bð sgdri ems itmpms oie jeukg (qui virifgs
 il ul fgfiltg), msæ `gfg sgdri gtrgs bídatgs oi metg riloafailtg.

mpriloað m su vaom `gtaoamlm y vag risuetmogs alfioamtgs. Jalmefilti jui `mpmz oi

aoiltaja`mr y iltiloir `gl quá istmdm eu`bmlog, y si sufirhað il sus m`tavaomois fís
`gfpeitmfilti qui lul`m. Il`gltrmr ie jeukg jui em `emvi.

Il su prðxafg tgrlig, ^mtra`c puog eadirmr su altilsg iljgqui y gevaomrsi oi egs prgdeifms
qui eg bmdæml oastrmæog il ie pmsmog. Il`gltrð su jeukg rípaomfilti. . . y siltæ qui istmdm il Em
il  Em
fmtraz3  ^goæm vir egs fgvafailtgs oi su gpglilti mltis oi qui g`urrairml. Mûl fikgr,
tmfdaál puog il`gltrmr jeukg il gtrms írims oi su vaom. @umltg fikgr eg bazg il sus tgrligs
oi mrtis fmr`ameis, fikgr eg bazg il em vaom. ^mtra`c jalmefilti saltað ul meavag oie istrás qui eg
pirsihuæm sal `ismr, pgr jal `riyilog qui pgoæm oikmreg ar y oasjrutmr fís oi su vaom.

EMP @YM_TG
Ie istmog oi jeukgI_M^MP OIEprioi`adei.
taili ul mr`g JEYKG Luistrg alvatmog oi pgo`mst, Ptivil Cgteir, julomogr
oi Jegw Tisimr`b @geei`tavi y mutgr oi Ie
oi Ie ms`ilsg oi Pupirfml, bm aoiltaja`mog ems `umtrg itmpms
oie jeukg; ? ?

Itmpm =; eu`bm
Istg is `umlog istís `mvmlog prgjulomfilti pmrm m``ioir m eg qui sim qui li`isatis pmrm me`mlzmr ie istmog
oi jeukg. ^goræm sir ul ráhafil oi iltrilmfailtg, ulm alvistahm`aðl ixbmustavm, ul altilsg altir`mfdag oi aoims g
`umequair gtrm `gsm il em qui si istá iljg`mlog. Movirtil`am; istg m filuog si sailti `gfg ulm eu`bm y, oi
bi`bg, eg gpuistg me jeukg.

Itmpm 4; Tiemkm`aðl
Istm is em pmusm qui tgfm mltis oi sufirharsi `gfpeitmfilti il ie jeukg. Is ul pmsg isil`ame, ym
qui ivatm qui ti quifis pgr em eu`bm qui m`mdms oi mtrmvismr. Isti ois`mlsg, ulm `mfalmtm, ul
pg`g oi risparm`aðl, `umequair `gsm qui eg myuoi m riemkmrsi, is oi`aoaomfilti oajirilti oi ulm
oastrm``aðl, `gfg pmsmr m gtrm tmrim g viraja`mr egs pultmkis oipgrtavgs.

Itmpm 0; jeukg
 Istm is em itmpm qui Cgteir ois`radi `gfg "em ixpirail`am oi supirfml". Isti is isi istmog oi
jeukg qui ispirmfgs bmym ixpirafiltmog il vmrags pultgs oi

tu vaom, ogloi istís bm`ailog tu fikgr trmdmkg y `msa pmri`i istmr su`ioailog
mutgfíta`mfilti.

Itmpm ?; @glsgeaom`aðl
Il istm itmpm jalme, riûli tgog eg qui eghrð ourmlti em itmpm oi jeukg. M filuog, istg si
m`gfpmým oi ulm silsm`aðl oi oi`ip`aðl. _gogs egs tapgs oi prgou`tgs quæfa`gs pgsatavgs bml
istmog `grrailog pgr su `iridrg failtrms istí il jeukg,
j eukg, y mbgrm isi lavie istí tirfalmlog. ^irg
gtrg `a`eg puioi istmr ispirmlog m em vuietm oi em isqualm.

Cgteir `rii qui il`gltrmr ie jeukg is ie "`ðoahg juilti" oi em fgtavm`aðl. @umlog il`uiltrms
jeukg, gdtailis "quazís em ogsas fís pgtilti oi quæfa`m oi ri`gfpilsm" qui tu `iridrg puioi
omrti, rmzðl pgr em `ume `rii qui ie jeukg is ie istmog fís moa`tavg il em _airrm. Ylm viz qui
`gfilzmfgs m siltar jeuar il ulm ixpirail`am, istmfgs fgtavmogs m bm`ir eg qui sim li`ismrag
pmrm gdtilir fís. ^irg is ulm riem`aðl `ar`uemr; sa taili fgtavm`aðl pmrm rimeazmr ulm tmrim pirg
lg taili jeukg, iviltumefilti si mhgtmrí. Em fgtavm`aðl y ie jeukg oidil trmdmkmr kultgs, y oidil
`gfdalmrsi `gl ul prgtg`geg oi ri`upirm`aðl sðeaog, `gfg ul duil suiýg y lutra`aðl.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·Mehulm viz bms ixpirafiltmog ie istmog oi jeukg7 ·Oðloi istmdms7 ·]ui istmdms
bm`ailog7 ·@gfg si saltað7 ·]uá eghrmsti me jalme7 Zasumeazm isi istmog. Al`eusg sa lg
puiois vasumeazmr, afmhalm qui puiois.

IL@GL_TMLOG JEYKG
Pa vm m eeihmr m sir aeafatmog, quirrí iltrmr il ul istmog oi jeukg `gl em fmygr jri`uil`am
pgsadei. Iltgl`is `gfg bm`is istg7 ^uiog gjri`ir `al`g jgrfms;
 =. Ieafalmr ems oastrm``aglis

Mltiragrfilti, bmdemfgs sgdri em afpgrtml`am oi fmltilir ems oastrm``aglis me fælafg. Pa

vms m il`gltrmrti il ul istmog oi jeukg, ieafalmr ems oastrm``aglis is mdsgeutmfilti
isil`ame. ^uioi tgfmrti bmstm 4> falutgs vgevir m `gli`tmrti `gl eg qui istís bm`ailog
oispuás oi qui ti bmyms oastrmæog oi bm`ireg. ·@ðfg vms m iltrmr il ie jeukg sa riala`ams
`glstmltifilti pgrqui ul tixtg ti eemfð em mtil`aðl g pgrqui sgeg quiræms bm`ir ulm
rivasaðl rípaom oi ems riois sg`ameis mltis oi vgevir m trmdmkmr7 Iltgl`is, oikm tgog eg
oifís m ul emog y `gl`áltrmti `gfpeitmfilti il eg qui istís bm`ailog.

4. Omti suja`ailti taifpg

Msihûrisi oi tilir ul degqui oi taifpg risirvmog pmrm iltrmr il jeukg. Pi `rii `gfûlfilti qui,
`umlog ems `gloa`aglis sgl `grri`tms, si li`isatml ulgs =9 falutgs pmrm me`mlzmr ul istmog oi jeukg y
qui rimefilti lg si me`mlzm ie pa`g ourmlti fís oi ?9 falutgs. Eafpamr sgeg fioam bgrm fís g filgs
lg ti pirfatarí eghrmr fu`bg. ^emlajaqui risirvmr me filgs 1> falutgs, i aoimefilti ogs bgrms
`gfpeitms.

0. Bmz mehg qui mfis

@umlog pilsmfgs il ie jeukg, tiloifgs m pilsmr il pirsglms qui me`mlzml lavieis
ixtrifmomfilti metgs; ie mteitm pirji``aglmlog su kuihg, ie fûsa`g `rimlog ie sgeg oi huatmrrm
aoime, ie is`ratgr `geg`mlog rípaomfilti ems pmemdrms il em píhalm `gfg sa tgfmrm ul oa`tmog il
euhmr oi `rimr. Eg qui is `gfûl iltri tgoms istms pirsglms is qui istíl bm`ailog mehg qui
eis afpgrtm fu`bg. Lg istmræml smtasji`bgs `gl sgeg sir fgoirmomfilti `gfpitiltis, ym qui
lg istíl rimeazmlog ulm tmrim `gl em qui tailil ulm riem`aðl `msume. Istíl bm`ailog `gsms qui
mfml.

Bi istmog bmdemlog `gl em hilti sgdri ie jeukg ourmlti oá`moms, y lg `rig bmdir is`u`bmog m
mehuail fil`aglmr qui istmdm il ul istmog oi jeukg sgdri mehg qui istmdml bm`ailog sgeg pmrm
pmsmr ie taifpg. Is `gfg em oajiril`am iltri `glou`ar ul vaikg kulcir y `glou`ar ul luivg Mstgl
Fmrtal. Is pgsadei qui mfdgs eg eeivil
ee ivil m em gja`alm, pirg is prgdmdei qui rimefilti tilhm em
ixpirail`am oi `glou`ar `gl ulg oi ieegs. Pa il`uiltrm `airtms fgeistams il mehg qui istí
bm`ailog, g sa ei risuetm mdurraog em fmygr pmrti oie taifpg, istgs mspi`tgs lihmtavgs ei afpioaríl
iltrmr rimefilti il ie jeukg.
 

?. _ilir gdkitavgs `emrgs

Ylg oi egs afpioafiltgs oi jeukg fís ija`ailtis is em jmetm oi `emraomo. Pa lg smdi eg

qui istí trmtmlog oi eghrmr, is prgdmdei qui emlzmr ulm fasaðl fmltilhm ie jeukg m
rmym. Yl lgvieastm mfahg fæg sipmrm em trmfm oi sus lgviems oi em is`raturm rime
pri`asmfilti pgr istm rmzðl. ^mrm áe, trmzmr is ulm tmrim mroum `gl fu`bgs mkustis y
`gfailzgs, failtrms qui si `gfpem`i il ieihar ems pmemdrms `grri`tms pmrm sus
bastgrams y bm`ir qui sus pirsglmkis `gdril vaom. Me pemlimr `gl mlta`apm`aðl, smdi
ixm`tmfilti sgdri quá vm m is`radar il ul oæm oitirfalmog y rihuemrfilti si
il`uiltrm oismpmri`ailog il ie jeukg oi su trmdmkg ourmlti bgrms sihuaoms. Iltgl`is,
ulm viz qui bmym oavaoaog ie taifpg, `gl`áltrisi il ul prgpðsatg `emrg sgdri `ðfg vm
m usmr isi taifpg. Pa ti pglis il ulm fasaðl oisoi ie pral`apag,

9. Oismjæmti m ta fasfg. . . Yl pg`g

@umlog bmdeg `gl ems pirsglms sgdri ie jeukg, is`u`bg `glstmltifilti qui is fís prgdmdei
qui eghril ie jeukg `umlog istíl bm`ailog mehg qui is ul pg`g oi ul ritg. Il gtrms pmemdrms,
istíl juirm oi su zglm oi `gljgrt, pirg lg juirm oi ieem. Em eðha`m mquæ is `emrm. Pa bm`is
mehg qui puiois bm`ir `gl mfdms fmlgs mtmoms m em ispmeom, prgdmdeifilti ti mdurrarís
dmstmlti rípaog, y ie mdurrafailtg y ie jeukg sgl al`gfpmtadeis. ^gr gtrg emog, sa bm`i mehg qui
ei risuetm ixtrifmomfilti oajæ`ae, is prgdmdei qui si sailtm jrustrmog, y ism jrustrm`aðl
ivatmrí qui g`urrm ie jeukg. ^irg sa bm`is mehg qui mfms qui tmfdaál taili ul lavie fgoirmog

oi oismjæg; trmtmr oi hgepimr ulm piegtm oi dáasdge il sgeg ulm pmrti oie `mfpg, prgdmr ulm
luivm jgrfm oi mjalm`aðl il tu huatmrrm g is`radar oisoi em pirspi`tavm oi ulm luivm
pirsglmki, pgr ikifpeg, is prgdmdei qui isti lavie oi oismjæg fmltilhm em tmrim
ifg`aglmlti pmrm ustio y, pgr eg tmltg, eg alvgeu`ri prgjulomfilti.

@GL]YAP_MLOG M EGP ILIFAHGP OIE JEYKG

 Iltrilmrsi pmrm eghrmr ul jeukg rihuemr i al`eusg il fûetapeis sisaglis il ie fasfg oæm eg bmrí
m`tumr `gfg ul supirbárgi. ^irg tgogs smdifgs qui egs supirbárgis sgl `glstmltifilti
oismjamogs pgr egs supirvaeemlgs, y ul

Fu`bgs oi ieegs m`i`bml il `mom isqualm, m`i`bml su jeukg i altiltml ixtalhuareg. Mquæ
istíl egs `umtrg supirvaeemlgs qui li`isatm fmltilir m rmym sa su jeukg vm m prgspirmr;

=. Fuetatmrim
Bifgs bmdemog oi istg mltis, al`eusg il isti `mpætueg, pirg vmei em pilm ripitareg. Pir ul "fmistrg
fuetatmrim" lg is salðlafg oi sir aeafatmog. Oi bi`bg, em alvistahm`aðl fuistrm ripitaomfilti qui
ems pirsglms qui rimeazml fûetapeis tmrims sgl `glsaoirmdeifilti filgs prgou`tavms qui mquieems
qui si `iltrml il ulm tmrim m em viz. * Omog eg qui mbgrm smdi sgdri ie jeukg, oidiræm sir gdvag qui
em fuetatmrim is ie ilifahg fgrtme oi isti siltafailtg. Lul`m iltrmrí il ie istmog oi jeukg pmrm
`rimr isi sgeg ápa`g g `rimr ism prisiltm`aðl msgfdrgsm sa tmfdaál si istí rihastrmlog `gl
`geihms, ilvamlog ulm lgtm rípaom m ul mfahg y eiyilog ie `grrig iei`trðla`g oi su ifprism. Em
ûla`m jgrfm oi vil`ir me supirvaeemlg Fuetatmrim is ahlgrmreg pgr `gfpeitg. Eafpam tu mhilom oi
tgog eg oifís y iltrm il ie jeukg.

4. Istrás
Isti is ul supirvaeemlg pmrta`uemrfilti
pmrta`uemrfilti fgrtme y qui m vi`is riquairi ulm dmtmeem fglufiltme pmrm
vil`ir. Pa taili fu`bgs jm`tgris istrismltis ixtirlgs il su vaom (ji`bms eæfati, prgdeifms oi riem`aðl,
prgdeifms jmfaeamris, prig`upm`aglis
prig`upm`aglis sgdri em sihuraomo oi su trmdmkg, it`.), is prgdmdei qui eg sahml
il `umequair fgfiltg. Istgy sihurg oi qui bm tilaog em ixpirail`am oi pilsmr il mehg `gfpeitmfilti
oajirilti `umlog ripiltalmfilti is ifdgs`mog pgr ul ri`gromtgrag mlsagsg oi qui iljriltm mehulgs
prgdeifms il `msm. Ylm viz qui isi pilsmfailtg istí il tu `mdizm, `umequair gpgrtulaomo pmrm jeuar
quiom mpemstmom. Oirrgtmr m isti supirvaeemlg riquairi ogs fgvafailtgs ixpirtgs. Eg prafirg is farmr
me supirvaeemlg m egs gkgs mltis oi `gfilzmr y prihultmrsi sa bmy mehg qui ustio mdsgeutmfilti
ustio mdsgeutmfilti oidi trmtmr
mltis oi qui puiom iltrmr il jeukg. Pa em rispuistm is sæ, mdgroi isg prafirg. ^irg `gl tgom
prgdmdaeaomo,, em rispuistm sirí lg. Lg is qui egs jm`tgris istrismltis lg siml rimeis, pirg m filuog
prgdmdaeaomo
lg li`isatml su mtil`aðl alfioamtm, y lg vml m ifpigrmr oiltrg oi ogs bgrms. Pa isi is ie `msg,
`gltailom `gl isti supirvaeemlg `geg`mlog su `mfpg oi juirzm. Bmhm qui su ispm`ag sim afpilitrmdei
pgr jm`tgris istrismltis ixtirlgs pmrm qui puiom `gl`iltrmrsi pgr `gfpeitg il em tmrim il `uistaðl.
 

0. Faiog me jrm`msg
"Ie pirji``aglasfg riou`i em `rimtavaomo y em allgvm`aðl", is`radi Bmrm Istrgjj Fmrmlg,
ioatgr il hilirme y ix ioatgr il kiji oi ^sa`geghæm Bgy.
―Is ulm juilti `glstmlti oi ifg`aglis lihmtavms3 il euhmr oi me`mlzmr mehg pgsatavg, egs qui
istíl m su me`ml`i si `iltrml il eg qui fís quairil ivatmr; em ivmeum`aðl lihmtavm. Ie
pirji``aglasfg, iltgl`is, is ulm eadritm oi `meaja`m`aglis sal jal3 fmltaili m ems pirsglms
`gfpeitmfilti mdsgrtms il sæ fasfms, alvgeu`rmoms il ulm mutgivmeum`aðl pirpitum, `gsi`bmlog
ulm jrustrm`aðl afpem`mdei y `gloilmoms m em mlsaiomo y em oiprisaðl ". 9 9 Pa iltrms il ulm tmrim
`gl em `riil`am oi qui oidis rimeazmr istm tmrim pirji`tmfilti y qui ie jrm`msg sirí oivmstmogr,
istmrís tml `gl`iltrmog il lg jmeemr qui lul`m eeihmrís m ul istmog il ie qui rimefilti puioms
sgdrismear.

·Ti`uiroms mltis `umlog bmdemfgs sgdri `ðfg ulm oi ems `gloa`aglis aoimeis pmrm ie jeukg
is ifpukmrti ul pg`g juirm oi tu zglm oi `gljgrt7 @umlog bm`i istg, mufiltm ems
prgdmdaeaomois oi qui lg vmym m bm`ir tgog dail em prafirm viz. Pa pirfatis qui ie supirvaeemlg
oie pirji``aglasfg ti ogfali il isti pultg, tu jeukg si piroirí. ^mrm vil`ir m isti vaeemlg,
oidis `glvil`irti oi qui em jmetm oi pirji``aðl lg sgeg istí dail, salg qui is ulm `emrm siýme
oi qui ti istís prisaglmlog oi em fmlirm qui oidis.

?. Jmetm oi `glva``aðl
Yl supirvaeemlg `msa tml oamdðea`g `gfg ie pirji``aglasfg is em jmetm oi `riil`am il eg qui istís
bm`ailog. "Ie `iridrg pir`adi em al`irtaoufdri `gfg ulm mfilmzm, eg qui prgvg`m em eadirm`aðl

oi `grtasge, ulm bgrfglm oie istrás qui altirrufpi em fifgram, oiprafi ie sastifm alfulatmrag y
mufiltm ie raishg oi bapirtilsaðl mrtirame y oiprisaðl", is`radi _rmvas Drmodirry, prisaoilti oi
_meiltPfmrt. : :

Pa lg `rii qui vm m eghrmr mehg afpgrtmlti, hmrmltazmrí qui isi sirí ie risuetmog. Pa iltrm il
ulm tmrim qui ouom oi su `mpm`aomo pmrm `gfpeitmrem, bíhmsi istms prihultms; ·_ilhg ems
bmdaeaomois li`ismrams pmrm bm`ir istg7 ·_ilhg tgom em aljgrfm`aðl qui li`isatg pmrm bm`ir
istg7 ·_ilhg suja`ailti pmsaðl pgr isti prgyi`tg pmrm bm`ir istg7 Pa em rispuistm m `umequairm oi
istms prihultms is lg, oiki em tmrim m ul emog bmstm qui puiom rispgloir mjarfmtavmfilti m `mom
ulm oi istms prihultms. ^irg sa em rispuistm m istms tris prihultms is sæ, ieafali m isti
 supirvaeemlg y iltri il ie jeukg.

Mltis oi sihuar moiemlti

Em ixpirail`am oi jeukg is ulg oi egs fikgris fgfiltgs qui `umequairm oi lgsgtrgs
ixpirafiltmrí. _mfdaál is julomfiltme pmrm eeihmr m sir aeafatmog. Il isti pultg, oidi tilir ulm
fikgr aoim oi quá is ie jeukg y `ðfg eeihmr meeæ. Mltis oi `gltalumr, tðfisi ul taifpg pmrm prgdmr
eg sahuailti;

Tijeixaglm sgdri mehulms vi`is qui bms istmog il ie jeukg. ·]ui istmdms bm`ailog7 ·]uá
jui `glsastilti `gl isms ixpirail`ams7 ·@ðfg puiois vgevir meeæ fís m filuog7

Pmqui su `meilomrag y il`uiltri ul euhmr il egs prðxafgs oæms ogloi puiom oavaoar 1>
falutgs m ogs bgrms. Isti oidi sir ul fgfiltg il ie qui puiom eadirmrsi oi tgoms ems
oastrm``aglis. Mbgrm, ·quá vms m bm`ir `gl isi taifpg pmrm mufiltmr orísta`mfilti tu
prgou`tavaomo7 ·@gl quá jri`uil`am iltrms il ul prgyi`tg `gl ulg oi egs supirvaeemlgs oie

qui bmdemfgs il isti `mpætueg qui ti m`gsm7 ]uá puiois bm`ir  mbgrm

 mbgrm fasfg

pmrm oirrgtmr m isi supirvaeemlg mltis oi iltrmr il tu prðxafg prgyi`tg7

 
 

^MT_I AZ

EAFA_EIPPFI
_BGOP 
IE @GFG
 fátgog

fit ¸ go ( sustmltavg) 
(  sustmltavg) 

Yl prg`isg ispi`æja`g pmrm eghrmr mehg, ispi`amefilti ulm jgrfm oi alstru``aðl groilmom,
eðha`m g sastifíta`m.
 

Il isti pultg, bms ois`udairtg `ðfg eadirmr ogs oi egs ieifiltgs li`ismrags pmrm eeihmr m
sir aeafatmog. Bms mpriloaog `ðfg mdgromr tgogs egs oæms `gl ulm filtmeaomo prgou`tavm, y
bms mpriloaog `ðfg bm`ireg `gl ul lavie ðptafg oi fgtavm`aðl. ^irg bmy ulg fms FI_TG
fms  FI_TG qui
oajiril`am m ems pirsglms aeafatmoms oi mquieegs qui istíl hrmvmogs pgr sus eafatm`aglis;
fátgog.

Egs fátgogs sgl egs prg`ioafailtgs g prg`isgs pmrm eghrmr mehg. Il isti `gltixtg, ie fátgog is
ie prg`isg oi mpriloir m mpriloir, tmfdaál eemfmog fitm mpriloazmki. @umlog pmsmfgs pgr ie
sastifm iou`mtavg, si lgs ilsiýml jgrfms oi mpriloazmki fuy mlta`umoms i alija`ailtis, `gfg em
sud vg`meazm`aðl y em fifgrazm`aðl oi fifgram. @gfg fil`aglá me `gfailzg oi isti eadrg, `umlog
istmdm eu`bmlog `gfg "ie laýg `gl ie `iridrg rgtg", lg irm al`mpmz oi mpriloir3 Em bastgram eg bm
oifgstrmog. ^irg lg istmdm eghrmlog mpriloir oi em jgrfm
j grfm il qui fi ilsiýmdml. Lg jui bmstm qui
ogfali ulm luivm jgrfm oi mpriloir, ul fátgog qui virí
v irí il ie trmls`ursg oi egs prðxafgs

`mpætuegs, qui jalmefilti pgoræm usmr fa `iridrg pmrm sgdrismear.

Il istm si``aðl, mpriloirí em `ail`am oie mpriloazmki m`ieirmog y ie fitmmpriloazmki il `al`g

írims; iljgqui, istuoag, fifgram, vieg`aomo oi ei`turm y pilsmfailtg. Istgs sgl egs `al`g
prghrmfms ifdeifíta`gs qui ilsiýmfgs m aloavaougs y grhmlazm`aglis il Cwac Eimrlalh. _gfi
lgtm ispi`ame oi ems prihultms ala`ameis me `gfailzg oi istgs `mpætuegs y msihûrisi oi prgdmr
tgogs egs ikir`a`ags qui bi al`euaog. Ylm viz qui `gfail`i m usmr istms birrmfailtms, `rig qui
ems il`gltrmrí tgog ie taifpg, y `rig qui si sgrpriloirí oi eg qui oisdegquiml pmrm ustio.
 
 

==

M_IL@AÐL 

·]uá puiog mpriloir oi `ðfg sgy `umlog istgy fís `gl`iltrmog7

·@ðfg puiog mufiltmr fa `mpm`aomo oi `gl`iltrm`aðl7

·@ðfg eafatg fas oastrm``aglis y `mefg fa filti g`upmom7

·@uíe is em oajiril`am iltri mehuail m`tumlog m lavieis oi supirbárgi y mehuail qui lul`m
ois`udri sus supirpgoiris7 Il fu`bgs `msgs, is ulm `uistaðl oi iljgqui. Istgy sihurg oi qui
bms tilaog lufirgsms vi`is il tu vaom `umlog rimefilti ti bms `gl`iltrmog il ulm tmrim. _me viz
jui is`radar ul aljgrfi qui ei afpgrtð fu`bg. _me viz jui tilir ulm sisaðl `gl ul filtgr qui
mfms. _me viz istmdm mtm`mlog ul tmzðl oi tu biemog jmvgratg. ·@ðfg ti jui `gl istms tmrims7 @gl
tgom prgdmdaeaomo, egs mpemstð, is`radailog ulg oi egs fikgris aljgrfis oi su vaom, mpriloailog
hrmlois `mltaomois oi su filtgr y oivgrmlog isi biemog `gfg sa juirm ie ûetafg pgstri oie fulog.
Istg su`ioað pgrqui puog iltrilmr su iljgqui il em tmrim il `uistaðl, m`irtmr il ism tmrim y lg
oikmr qui lmom eg oastrmahm oi ism tmrim. Iltgl`is, ·pgr quá em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs tilifgs tmltm
`mpm`aomo pmrm fmltilir ie iljgqui7 Pafpeifilti, `rig qui is pgrqui lul`m lgs ilsiýmrgl m
bm`ireg. @airtmfilti, lg ri`uirog bmdir tilaog ulm `emsi oi iljgqui `umlog istmdm il em is`uiem
prafmram.

·Ti`uiroms `umlog irms laýg y smeæms il ul oæm sgeimog `gl ulm eupm7 ·]uá tml hilame
 jui pmsmr ie vaorag sgdri ulm bgkm, vir ul pultg altilsmfilti draeemlti mpmri`ir il em bgkm y
euihg gdsirvmr `ðfg em bgkm `gfilzð m bufimr y mroir7 Eg qui puoasti bm`ir jui iljg`mr
ul fmygr lavie oi altilsaomo oie sge il ism bgkm. Q ogloi mpmri`að ie pultg draeemlti, ems
`gsms istmdml il su mpghig. @uragsmfilti, `umlog bmdemfgs oi

Me sir altieahilti, m filuog egs eemfmfgs "draeemltis". * Zgevailog m luistrm mlmeghæm `gl em eupm,
quazís eg qui rimefilti istmfgs oa`ailog lg is qui istm pirsglm is fu`bg fís altieahilti qui em
fmygræm oi ems oifís pirsglms3 tme viz ism pirsglm istí fís `iltrmom.

Ie iljgqui lgs pirfati iltrilmr luistrg pgoir filtme il ulm tmrim pmrta`uemr pmrm quifmr ism tmrim. Is
sgrpriloilti eg qui pgoifgs eghrmr `umlog istmfgs iljg`mogs. ^gr ie `gltrmrag, `umlog istmfgs filgs
iljg`mogs, is filgs prgdmdei qui eghrifgs eg qui rimefilti quirifgs bm`ir pgrqui safpeifilti lg istmfgs
tml `gfprgfitaogs
- tmltg ifg`aglme `gfg jæsa`mfilti, pmrm bm`ireg. Ie pral`apme ilifahg pmrm iljg`mrsi is em oastrm``aðl.

CXAC P_MT_ 

@meajaqui su lavie m`tume oi `gl`iltrm`aðl oi > m =>. Mbgrm `meajaqui su oisig oi mufiltmr
isti lavie. _u `gl`iltrm`aðl is `gfg ul fûs`ueg. ^uiois iltrilmr pmrm sir fís juirti `gl
em prí`ta`m.

@GL@IL_TM@AÐL
^TÍ@_A@M
"Em `gl`iltrm`aðl istí il ie figeeg oi tgog áxatg y isjuirzg bufmlg", fi oakg ie sm`irogti baloû,
ifprismrag y ix fglki Omlompmla ourmlti ulg oi fas pgo`msts. "Pa lg puiois `gl`iltrmrti, lg
puiois fmlajistmr". = Eg qui Omlompmla oa`i is qui em `gl`iltrm`aðl is ul `gfpglilti `ræta`g oi
tgog eg qui quairis eghrmr. ^irg, `gfg tmltms gtrms `gsms qui ym bifgs oas`utaog, lul`m lgs bml
ilsiýmog rimefilti `ðfg
rimefilti `ðfg `gl`iltrmrsi. @emrg, luistrgs pmoris y luistrgs fmistrgs pgoræml
bmdirlgs rghmog qui lgs `gl`iltrifgs fís, tme viz al`eusg `rata`mlog luistrm jmetm oi iljgqui `gl
ulm prihultm `gfg; "·^gr quá lg puiois `gl`iltrmrti7" ^irg em rispuistm safpei m isg is qui em
fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lul`m mpriloafgs `ðfg.

Omlompmla siýmem qui em `gl`iltrm`aðl is `gfg ul fûs`ueg qui si jgrtmei`i `umltg fís eg
ikir`atms. "Em `gl`iltrm`aðl is mehg qui puiois mpriloir y mehg qui puiois prm`ta`mr pmrm fikgrmr",
 oakg. 4 Pal ifdmrhg, eg qui em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs prm`ta`m is oastrm``aðl. ^irfatafgs qui luistrms
filtis smetil oi ul pilsmfailtg m gtrg, m filuog usmlog ti`lgeghæm pmrm myuomrlgs m prm`ta`mr em
oastrm``aðl bmstm qui simfgs ixpirtgs il isg, y oidiræmfgs sireg, pgrqui m filuog

Gdtilhm ulm og`ilm g fís bgrms oi prí`ta`m me oæm. Afmhælilsi `ðfg siræm sa prm`ta`írmfgs em
`gl`iltrm`aðl al`eusg pgr ulm jrm``aðl oi isi taifpg. Omlompmla taili ulm jgrfm lgtmdeifilti `emrm oi
vir istg. ―Oijalg `gl`iltrm`aðl `gfg fa `mpm`aomo oi fmltilir fa `gl`ail`am sgdri ulm `gsm ourmlti
ul pirægog prgeglhmog oi taifpg. @mom viz qui fa `gl`iltrm`aðl si oisvmli`i, usg fa juirzm oi
vgeultmo pmrm ri`upirmr fa `gl`ail`am ".  0

Em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs pilsmfgs il em jmetm oi `gl`iltrm`aðl `gfg ulm jul`aðl oi luistrm

filti ridgtmlog oi ul euhmr m gtrg. Omlompmla taili ulm fitíjgrm oajirilti y fís ûtae. ^mrm áe,
lg is tu filti em qui si fuivi3 Is tu `gl`ail`am. Áe vi em `gl`ail`am `gfg ulm dgem oi euz
draeemlti qui si fuivi m oajiriltis pmrtis oi su filti. ^mrm sgdrismear il em `gl`iltrm`aðl,
oidis bm`irti fmltilir ism dgem oi euz iltrilmom il ul pultg il tu filti ourmlti ul pirægog
prgeglhmog. Istg lg sirí jí`ae me pral`apag, pirg ul isjuirzg `gls`ailti pmrm ikir`ir su juirzm oi
vgeultmo oi istm fmlirm is prgdmdei qui `glouz`m m risuetmogs afprisaglmltis. ^uiois trmdmkmr
il istg ourmlti `msa `umequair dûsquiom. Pa taili ulm `glvirsm`aðl `gl mehuail, bmhm ul
isjuirzg `gl`irtmog pmrm pristmr mtil`aðl m lmom fís qui ism `glvirsm`aðl. Pa lgtms qui tu
`gl`ail`am si meikm oi em `glvirsm`aðl, vuievi m iljg`mr tu draeemlti dgem oi euz. Pa istí eiyilog
ul aljgrfi pgr trmdmkg, iltrili sus gkgs il ems pmemdrms `gfg sa lmom fís ixastairm. Luivmfilti,
sa lgtms qui em euz oi tu `gls`ail`am `gfailzm m draeemr il gtrm `gsm, rihrism ism dgem me aljgrfi.
Pa si `gfprgfiti m prm`ta`mr em `gl`iltrm`aðl mprgxafmomfilti ulm bgrm me oæm, prgltg si
`glvirtarí il ulm sihulom lmturmeizm.

Paifpri qui sim pgsadei, altilti bm`ir ulm `gsm m em viz. Qm bifgs bmdemog ul
pg`g sgdri em fuetatmrim, pirg pgr mbgrm sgeg ri`uiroi qui em fuetatmrim is ulm jgrfm
ixtrifmomfilti alija`ailti oi bm`ir `umequair `gsm. Pa is pgsadei, pirfætiti bm`ir eg
qui sim qui istás bm`ailog, ix`euyilog tgog eg oifís. Pa istí bmdemlog pgr tieájglg,
lg si oispem`i pgr ems riois sg`ameis me fasfg taifpg. Pa istí pripmrmlog ie
oismyulg, lg trmdmki il su eastm oi tmrims pmrm ie oæm. Me bm`ir ulm `gsm m em viz, su
`gl`iltrm`aðl "fus`uemr" si vgevirí al`riædeifilti juirti y su `gl`iltrm`aðl
me`mlzmrí lavieis aeafatmogs. Gtrm `emvi pmrm mufiltmr su `gl`iltrm`aðl is oisgroilmr
su iltgrlg. Yl istuoag oi em Ylavirsaomo oi ^ral`itgl il`gltrð qui,
 

`mpm`aomo oie sastifm vasume ".  ? ? Il tárfalgs ema`gs, eg qui istg sahlaja`m is qui ie oisgroil jæsa`g il
su iltgrlg `gfpati pgr su mtil`aðl, eg qui risuetm il ulm oasfalu`aðl oie riloafailtg y ul mufiltg
oi egs lavieis oi mlsaiomo y istrás. Iltgl`is, sa quairis `glvirtarti il ul fmistrg il em
`gl`iltrm`aðl, oisbmzti oie pgtil`ame oi oastrm``aðl `umlog em `gl`iltrm`aðl sim `ræta`m. Pa istí
trmdmkmlog il su `gfputmogrm, `airri tgoms ems mpea`m`aglis y tgoms ems pistmýms mdairtms qui lg
siml ems qui li`isatm mdsgeutmfilti pmrm rimeazmr em tmrim il `uistaðl. Eafati tmfdaál em `mltaomo oi
ieifiltgs il su ispm`ag oi trmdmkg jæsa`g. Pa dail `rig qui fu`bgs oi lgsgtrgs `glsaoirmfgs qui ul
is`ratgrag eeilg oi eadrgs, rivastms, pmpieis, jgtgs oi luistrgs bakgs y ri`uirogs oi luistrms vm`m`aglis
is m`ghiogr g al`eusg ie sahlg oi ulm filti m`tavm, `mom ulg oi isgs mrtæ`uegs `rim ul meikmfailtg
oi tu `gl`iltrm`aðl Ems rieaquams jmfaeamris sgl fmrmvaeegsms, y ym smdis eg qui sailtg pgr egs eadrgs.
Pafpeifilti eafati em `mltaomo oi istms `gsms qui `gfpmrtil risaoil`am `gl ie euhmr ogloi li`isatm
sir fís prgou`tavg.

@MEFMLOG _Y FIL_I G@Y^MOM

Eafatmr su iljgqui riquairi fís qui sgeg eeihmr m ems tmrims il `uistaðl. @gfg ym bifgs oas`utaog, ie
iljgqui riquairi em `mpm`aomo oi oikmr oi emog ems oastrm``aglis y pristmr tgom su mtil`aðl m eg qui istí
bm`ailog. ^irg, ·is isg pgsadei7 Em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs istmfgs trmdmkmlog il fûetapeis oaspgsatavgs
me fasfg taifpg, m filuog `gl fûetapeis mpea`m`aglis iki`utílogsi il `mom ulg oi isgs oaspgsatavgs.
_ilifgs riulaglis pmrm msastar, `grrigs iei`trðla`gs y tixtgs pmrm rispgloir, istmogs oi ems riois
sg`ameis pmrm m`tumeazmr y fûetapeis prgyi`tgs il kuihg. Pal ifdmrhg, pri`asmfilti pgr istg, is fís
afpgrtmlti qui lul`m il`gltrmr jgrfms oi `mefmr tu filti. ^uioi qui la saquairm ti ois `uiltm, pirg

tgom em aljgrfm`aðl qui ri`adis il ul oæm oitirfalmog ti `musm ulm `mltaomo `glsaoirmdei oi istrás. Pa
iris `gfg fu`bms pirsglms, al`eusg pgoræms pilsmr il istg `gfg mehg pgsatavg, pgrqui sahlaja`m qui
istís g`upmog, y me istmr g`upmog, Istís bm`ailog ulm `gltradu`aðl sahlaja`mtavm me fulog. Pa dail istg
puioi sir `airtg, is M
is M pismr oi oi istm mlsaiomo il euhmr oi m `musm oi ieem.

"Egs pilsmfailtgs mlsagsgs puioil mdrufmrti, bm`ailog qui sim oajæ`ae tgfmr oi`asaglis y tgfmr
fioaoms pmrm eaoamr `gl `umequair prgdeifm qui ti fgeisti", is`radi em psa`ðeghm Fiemlai * riildirh,
^b.O., mutgrm oi Ie `iridrg m pruidm oi istrás.
 "Em mlsaiomo tmfdaál puioi `glou`ar m pilsmr oifmsamog, eg qui ti pgli fís mlsagsg,

eg qui eeivm m pilsmr fís, y msæ su`isavmfilti. ·@ðfg puiois smear oi isti `ær`ueg va`agsg7 Tiprafar
egs pilsmfailtgs mlsagsgs lg jul`aglmrí3 safpeifilti mpmri`iríl oi luivg, m vi`is `gl fís
altilsaomo ". 9 9

Kueait Jult is ie @IG oi em `glsuetgrm XbatiPpm`i mt Xgrc. Ieem ois`radi  ispm`ag il deml`g
`gfg "ie taifpg oi rijeixaðl, em pmusm istrmtáha`m qui si il`uiltrm iltri ie mkitrig".  : : @umlog
istmdm il fa pgo`mst, Kueait eemfð me ispm`ag il deml`g "ie gxæhilg qui pirfati qui tgog eg
oifís si al`iloai". Eg qui tmltg * riildirh `gfg Jult istíl aoiltaja`mlog is em li`isaomo
oi qui tgogs tilhmfgs fís taifpg `umlog luistrms filtis lg istíl mdmrrgtmoms. Is gdvag
`ðfg istg mji`tmrí pgsatavmfilti luistrm smeuo filtme. ^irg eg qui is filgs gdvag is `ðfg
tmfdaál fikgrmrí orísta`mfilti luistrg iljgqui y luistrm prgou`tavaomo. Mehulgs istuoags
altirismltis il liurg`ail`am sudrmyml istg, fgstríloglgs `ðfg em oastrm``aðl istí
`mfdamlog luistrgs `iridrgs. Ylg, oie Ylavirsaty @geeihi Eglogl, `gfpmrð egs `iridrgs oi
ems fuetatmrims oi fioags pismogs `gl egs oi ems fuetatmrims oi fioags eahirgs y ois`udrað
qui em `grtizm `alhuemom mltiragr (M@@), qui istí alvgeu`rmom il ie iljgqui, irm fís
piquiým iltri ie prafir hrupg. ^gr ie `gltrmrag, ul istuoag il ie Alstatutg Fmx ^eml`c il`gltrð
qui, 8 8

Q ems oastrm``aglis puioil sir ulm siram pároaom oi taifpg. Yl istuoag oi em Ylavirsaomo oi @meajgrlam,
Arvali, fuistrm `ðfg ems oastrm``aglis rimefilti puioil altirrufpar su oæm. "_ailis qui `mfdamr
`gfpeitmfilti tu jgrfm oi pilsmr, ti eeivm ul taifpg iltrmr il áe y ti eeivm ul taifpg rihrismr y ri`gromr
oðloi istmdms", oakg * egram Fmrc, mutgrm pral`apme oie istuoag. ―Ois`udrafgs qui mprgxafmomfilti ie 24 pgr
`ailtg oi tgog ie trmdmkg altirrufpaog si rimluom ie fasfg oæm. ^irg mquæ istíl ems fmems lgta`ams.

- eeivm
eeivm ul prgfioag
pr
prgfioag oi 40 falutgs
gfioag falutgs y =9
=9 sihulogs
sihu logss vgevir
sihulog vgevir m em
em tmrim
tmrim "."".. 2 Isg is fís oi
tmrim
4> falutgs `mom viz qui ti oastrmis, ·y `gl quá jri`uil`am ti oastrmis tgogs egs oæms7

Ems birrmfailtms `gfg em fioatm`aðl, ie yghm y `airtms mrtis fmr`ameis puioil sir trifilomfilti
vmeagsms pmrm myuomreg m `mefmr su filti g`upmom. ^irg sa istí il em fatmo oie oæm y lg puioi
pirfatarsi ie eukg oi is`mpmr ourmlti fís oi ulgs falutgs, tgomvæm bmy mehulms `gsms qui puioi
bm`ir. _ris afpgrtmltis sgl;
 =. Tisparm
Qm bifgs bmdemog sgdri ie vmegr oi tgfmr risparm`aglis oi eafpaizm prgjulom `gfg pmrti
oi su rutalm fmtutalm. ^irg bm`ir eg fasfg is vmeagsg

saifpri qui li`isati vgevir m `iltrmrsi. Ie ixpirtg il smeuo bgeæsta`m Mloriw Xiae, FO, oismrrgeeð
ulm birrmfailtm oi risparm`aðl qui áe eemfm ie Fátgog ?‐8‐2. Jul`aglm msæ;

Ixbmem `gfpeitmfilti pgr em dg`m, bm`ailog ul sglaog oi saedaog. @airrm em dg`m i

albmem saeil`agsmfilti pgr em lmraz bmstm ul `gltig filtme oi ?.

Mhumlti em risparm`aðl `gltmlog bmstm 8.

Ixbmei `gfpeitmfilti pgr em dg`m, bm`ailog ul sglaog oi saedaog `gltmlog bmstm 2.

Istm is ulm risparm`aðl. Mbgrm albmei luivmfilti y ripatm ie `a`eg tris vi`is fís pmrm ul tgtme oi `umtrg
risparm`aglis.  1 1

4. Bmz mehg qui ti bmym istmog `musmlog istrás

Istg si rifgltm m eg qui bmdemfgs mltiragrfilti sgdri em oaem`aðl. @gfg mbgrm tgogs
smdifgs (hrm`ams m Deufm [iahmrlac), ems `gsms qui pisml il luistrms filtis sihuaríl
pismlog il luistrms filtis bmstm qui ems mdgroifgs. Pa taili prgdeifms pmrm
`gl`iltrmrsi g sa su filti istí gpirmlog il ulm og`ilm oi mvaglis me fasfg taifpg, is
fuy pgsadei qui istg istá su`ioailog pgrqui bmy mehg qui oidi bm`ir y qui bm istmog
ivatmlog. Pa isi is ie `msg, rispari ul pg`g ?‐8‐2, eaoai `gl em tmrim istrismlti y euihg
pgorí vgevir m tgog eg qui quairm bm`ir `gl fmygr `gl`iltrm`aðl.

CXAC P_MT_ 

·@uíe is ism `gsm afpgrtmlti qui istís ivatmlog qui istí mji`tmlog tu iljgqui7
 0. Bgrmrag oi taifpg pmrm oastrm``aglis
^uioi sir ul oismjæg pmrm ustio mpmhmr su tieájglg y su `grrig iei`trðla`g `umlog
li`isati `gl`iltrmrsi, pirg sa puioi `glvil`irsi oi bm`ireg

`gsms hilameis Pgl riemtavmfilti jí`aeis oi bm`ir. Eg qui prgdmdeifilti sim `glsaoirmdeifilti
fís oajæ`ae is ivatmr qui ems prig`upm`aglis y ems gdeahm`aglis altirjairml `gl eg qui sim qui altilti
eghrmr il isi fgfiltg. Bmy ulm rmzðl pgr em qui vi istms `gsms `gfg prig`upm`aglis u
gdeahm`aglis, y isg ems bm`i fu`bg fís oajæ`aeis oi gevaomr. Mdgromr ulm oi sus alquaituois oi
jrilti, `gfg m`mdmfgs oi oas`utar, is ulm jgrfm oi eaoamr `gl istg, pirg bmdrí satum`aglis il ems
qui isg safpeifilti lg is pgsadei. Il `mfdag, ·quá su`ioi sa risirvm ul taifpg ispi`æja`g il su
mhilom pmrm trmsemomr istms prig`upm`aglis y gdeahm`aglis me prafir pemlg oi su filti7
Pafpeifilti oi`ar; "Fi prig`upmrá pgr isg fís tmroi" prgdmdeifilti lg ivatmrí qui ism
prig`upm`aðl ritrg`iom oiltrg oi 4> falutgs. ^irg oi`ar; "Fi prig`upmrá pgr isg m ems ?;=9" fuy
dail pgoræm.

CXAC P_MT_ 

^rghrmfi su prðxafm bgrm oi oastrm``aðl.

Mltis oi sihuar moiemlti

Eafatmr su iljgqui is ulm `emvi pmrm eadirmr sus supirpgoiris. @umlog tu filti istí rimefilti
iljg`mom, `umlog ti istís emlzmlog `gfpeitmfilti m ulm tmrim, me`mlzms lavieis qui sgl
afpgsadeis `umlog istís oastrmæog g oavaoaog il tus pilsmfailtgs. Mltis oi `gltalumr `gl isti
`mpætueg, altiltifgs mehulms `gsms;

I`bi ul duil vastmzg m su eastm oi tmrims i aoiltajaqui em `gsm (g `gsms) il ieem qui is
prgdmdei qui alvmom sus pilsmfailtgs bmstm qui eg bmhm. Jgrfuei ul peml pmrm bm`ir jrilti
m ism tmrim utaeazmlog mehulms oi ems birrmfailtms mltaprg`rmstalm`aðl qui taili mbgrm.

Bmhm mehg mbgrm fasfg qui `mfdai su iltgrlg oi prgou`tavaomo pmrm qui puiom bm`ir ul fikgr
trmdmkg me fmltilirsi il em tmrim.

^rm`ta`m ulm tá`la`m pmrm `mefmr tu filti g`upmom. ·Jul`aglm pmrm ta7 Pa is msæ, `gfprgfátmsi m
usmreg rihuemrfilti.
 
 

=4

IP_YOAMT 

AA Zgy m sir ul istuoamlti oi pg`g taifpg, ·`ðfg

puiog gptafazmr fa taifpg oi istuoag7

·Is mdmrrgtmr em fikgr fmlirm oi mpriloir mehg7

·@ðfg fi `glvairtg il ul fikgr tgfmogr oi lgtms7

Yl vairlis pgr em lg`bi, oispuás oi ulm sifmlm emdgrme fuy g`upmom, ri`adæ ulm eemfmom. Em pirsglm qui
istmdm me gtrg emog oie tieájglg fi oakg qui tilæmfgs ul mfahg `gfûl y qui isi mfahg fi bmdæm suhiraog
qui si `gfula`mrm `glfahg. "@emrg, ·`ðfg puiog myuomrti7" Oaki.

Ourmlti egs prafirgs 0> sihulogs oi luistrm eemfmom, isti bgfdri pmri`æm `gfpeitmfilti trmlquaeg. ^irg
`gl ism prihultm, su vgz si vgevað fís mlafmom.
―_ailis qui myuomrfi, pgr jmvgr. Fa grmogr lg puioi smear fmýmlm oidaog m ulm
ifirhil`am. Pi supglæm qui oidæm omr luistrm lgtm `emvi. Ei oaki qui emfiltmdm is`u`bmr
sgdri su satum`aðl, pirg qui lg tgfá ems tmrims oi bmdemr oi afprgvasg. Lgrfmefilti
risirvmdm `gl`airtgs pmrm bmdemr `gl sias fisis oi mlta`apm`aðl, y saifpri fi omdm taifpg
pmrm pripmrmrfi pmrm ieegs.

Isg lg oasumoað m istm pirsglm qui eemfm. Oakg qui luistrg mfahg `gfûl si bmdæm iltusamsfmog `gl egs
 oas`ursgs qui fi bmdæm vastg omr y qui sa mehuail pgoæm bm`ir ulm prisiltm`aðl juirti `gl pg`m mltiem`aðl, irm
yg.
"^gr jmvgr síevmfi", oakg `gl mûl fís ifg`aðl il su vgz. Em satum`aðl oi isti tapg
istmdm ifpizmlog m eeihmr m fæ. Ie sídmog istmdm eadri, y em `gljiril`am qui istmdm
omlog jui il Fmlbmttml, ogloi yg

vavað. Oi`aoæ prihultmrei ie tifm oi em lgtm `emvi. @umlog fi eg oakg, fará ie tieájglg `gfg sa
em pirsglm qui eemfm fi istuvairm bmdemlog il ul aoagfm ixtrmýg.

"·^gr quá fi eemfms pgr istg7" Oaki. "Lg sá lmom sgdri isi tifm".

"Pæ, pirg ie grmogr qui `ml`ieð taili ul eadrg". "Lg istgy sihurg
oi `ðfg isg afpgrtm".
Em pirsglm qui eemfð rispgloað tml rípaog qui istmdm `emrg qui ym bmdæm pripmrmog isti
mrhufiltg. ―Is`u`bá qui iris ul ei`tgr oi vieg`aomo. Istmdm pilsmlog qui pgoræms eeihmr ul
pg`g fís tifprmlg, istuoamr ie eadrg y euihg omr ie oas`ursg. Isti is`ilmrag jui tml ixtrmvmhmlti
qui ba`i eg ûla`g qui puoi bm`ir omoms ems `ar`ulstml`ams; msufæ ie `gfprgfasg. ·@ðfg pgoræm
ri`bmzmr ul oismjæg `gfg isi7 M`gromfgs egs oitmeeis, fi `gltð ul pg`g fís m`ir`m oi em
muoail`am `gl em qui istmræm bmdemlog, y euihg `gehuá, prihultílogfi quá bmdæm pmsmog.

Eeihuá me `iltrg oi `gljiril`ams m em fmýmlm sahuailti m ems => M.F Ie bgfdri qui bmdæm eemfmog
em lg`bi mltiragr fi iltrihð ulm `gpam oie eadrg y fi alstmeð
a lstmeð il ulm bmdatm`aðl trmlquaem. Oidæm
iltrihmr em lgtm `emvi m em = ^F Ourmlti ems sahuailtis tris bgrms, eiæ ie eadrg, tgfá ul fgltðl oi
lgtms y ixpusi egs pmrífitrgs dísa`gs oi em prisiltm`aðl qui istmdm m pultg oi omr. Euihg sudæ me
is`ilmrag y oa ulm lgtm `emvi qui risuetð sir em `bmrem fís vmegrmom oi em `gljiril`am. Istmdm
ixbmustg, pirg tilhg qui mofatar qui tgom em ixpirail`am jui dmstmlti prasm.

Is pg`g prgdmdei qui ti il`uiltris il ulm satum`aðl `gfg istm. ^irg m pismr oi eg aloahlmlti
qui bmdæm saog em sgea`atuo oi em pirsglm qui eemfmdm, smdæm qui pgoæm bm`ir istg, pgrqui `gl em
`gfpitil`am vaili em `gljamlzm. Lg istgy oa`ailog istg pmrm afprisaglmreg3 Eg oahg pmrm ixprismrti
eg qui is pgsadei. ^mrm aeustrmr `ðfg si oisvmli`i `umequair silsm`aðl oi ristra``aðl `umlog
mpriloi m mdsgrdir ul tifm il ulm sisaðl, ri`uiroi eg qui mpriloað, tilhm em `mpm`aomo oi rismetmr
egs pultgs fís isil`ameis y `gfprilom `ðfg mpriloil ems pirsglms

- il gtrms pmemdrms, fu`bms oi ems `gsms qui istmfgs oas`utailog il isti eadrg. Lul`m budairm
pgoaog prglul`amr ism lgtm `emvi il pmrta`uemr sa lg budairm saog ul istuoag rípaog. Q me ahume qui
ems gtrms bmdaeaomois qui bifgs mdgromog mquæ, istm lg is ulm bmdaeaomo qui tailis g lg tailis.
 Il `mfdag, is ulm bmdaeaomo qui bms `uetavmog g lg bms `uetavmog. ^uiois mpriloir m

Aeafatm tus istuoags. Q `umlog eg bmhm, sirí ulm supirpgtil`am qui ifpeimrí ie ristg oi
su vaom.

CXAC P_MT_ 

^ailsm il ul tifm g tifm qui ti hustmræm mpriloir isti fis. ·@ðfg bmræms
pmrm istuoamr isti tifm7 ·@uíe is su iljgqui g prg`isg m`tume7

EGP @YM_TG LAZIEIP OI @GF^I_IL@AM

Oisoi egs mýgs sisiltm, egs psa`ðeghgs bml lgtmog qui bmy `umtrg lavieis oi `gfpitil`am g
mpriloazmki. Em prafirm, `glg`aom `gfg "al`gfpitil`am al`gls`ailti", is `umlog lg smdis eg qui lg
smdis. ^gr ikifpeg, is pgsadei qui la saquairm si oá `uiltm oie bi`bg oi qui ixasti mehg `gfg em
ei`turm rípaom. Iltgl`is, tmfpg`g iris `gls`ailti oi qui m`tumefilti lg iris `mpmz oi bm`ireg. Il
ie sahuailti lavie, `glg`aog `gfg "al`gfpitil`am `gls`ailti", iris `gls`ailti oi eg qui lg smdis. ^gr
ikifpeg, ustio smdi qui ems pirsglms bml mpriloaog m eiir y `gfpriloir fu`bg fís rípaog m trmvás
oi tá`la`ms oi ei`turm rípaom, pirg ustio fasfg lg bm ri`adaog `mpm`atm`aðl il istm írim, la
`gfpriloi quá birrmfailtms sgl li`ismrams pmrm `glvirtarsi il ul ei`tgr oi vieg`aomo.

Ie tir`ir lavie is "`gfpitil`am `gls`ailti". Eg qui istg sahlaja`m is qui iris `gls`ailti oi
ulm bmdaeaomo y tailis em `mpm`aomo oi rimeazmrem, pirg sgeg `umlog ti eg prgpglis m`tavmfilti.
^uiois bm`ireg, pirg riquairi trmdmkg. @gltalumlog `gl em ei`turm rípaom, istg siræm safaemr m em
ei`turm rípaom `gl áxatg, pirg sgeg `umlog ti iljg`ms il ifpeimr ulm tá`la`m oi ei`turm rípaom.
Oi fmlirm safaemr, il istm itmpm pmrm gtrms m`tavaomois, `gfg is`radar g `glou`ar, puioi bm`ireg,
pirg riquairi su mtil`aðl `gls`ailti. Ie `umrtg lavie, ie qui dus`m `umequair meuflg oi tgom em
vaom, is em "`gfpitil`am al`gls`ailti". Il isti `msg, smdis `ðfg rimeazmr ulm bmdaeaomo, y is
ulm sihulom lmturmeizm pmrm ta. @gl em ei`turm rípaom, me`mlzmræms ie pultg oi `gfpitil`am
al`gls`ailti `umlog istg safpeifilti si `glvairtm il em jgrfm oi eiir. _u lg iris
iris bm`ailog
 bm`ailog tû
fasfg eiis fís rípaog3 sgeg eg istís bm`ailog. Istí is`radailog g `glou`ailog sal su mtil`aðl
oieadirmom.
 

Mbgrm em `emvi pmrm pmsmr oi em `gfpitil`am `gls`ailti m em `gfpitil`am al`gls`ailti is

gdvam. Is prm`ta`m. Em prí`ta`m prghrism. Pa dail egs psa`ðeghgs fgoieg qui usml tirfalm meeæ,
mhrihmræm ul qualtg lavie; ie viromoirg ogfalag. Isti is ul pmsg fís meeí oi em `gfpitil`am
al`gls`ailti m ogloi is ulm sihulom lmturmeizm rimeazmr ulm bmdaeaomo il ul lavie oi áeati. Isti
is ie lavie oi sir aeafatmog. Q sa vms m sir ul fmistrg, tilorís qui istuoamr `gfg ul supirbárgi.

@ÐFG IP_YOAMT FIKGT

·^gr quá em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs istmfgs ristralhaogs il luistrm `mpm`aomo oi istuoamr7 Em fmygræm oi ems
pirsglms lg smdil istuoamr oi fmlirm iji`tavm, pgrqui lul`m si eis ilsiýð. Fu`bms pirsglms msufil
lmturmefilti qui ym smdil `ðfg mpriloir. Ie oismjæg is qui em fmygræm oi ems tá`la`ms qui usm mbgrm sgl
mltahums i alija`m`is. Fu`bgs oi ieegs omtml oi `ailtgs oi mýgs.

Mbgrm vavafgs il ulm irm oi aljgrfm`aðl metmfilti `gfpitatavm ogloi em aljgrfm`aðl istí il tgoms pmrtis. Pal
ifdmrhg, tgomvæm istmfgs utaeazmlog egs fasfgs fátgogs pmrm mdsgrdir y prg`ismr tgog. Bgy, luistrgs riquasatgs
pmrm mpriloir sgl fuy oajiriltis. ^irg m em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lgs ilsiýmrgl qui istuoamr `glsastæm il rivasmr
ie fmtirame ulm y gtrm viz pmrm qui puoaármfgs is`upareg luivmfilti ourm
ourmlti
lti ulm pruidm. Bmdemrifgs il ul
fgfiltg m`ir`m oi pgr quá ie bm`almfailtg is ulm fmem aoim, pirg is suja`ailti oi`ar qui ie prg`isg istí eikgs
oi sir ðptafg.

Ems pirsglms fís ixatgsms oie fulog sgl istuoamltis oi pgr vaom. Isg sahlaja`m qui
`gltalumfilti istíl mpriloailog luivms bmdaeaomois, fmltilaálogsi
fmltilaálogsi me oæm `gl eg ûetafg il sus

`mfpgs ieihaogs y fmltilaálogsi aljgrfmogs oi eg qui gtrgs `mfpgs pgoræml gjri`ireis. @gfg
oas`utafgs mltiragrfilti
mltiragrfilti il isti eadrg, bmy ilgrfis dilija`ags oi pmsmr ul mpriloazmki oi pgr
vaom, pgr eg qui sa vm m m`ir`mrsi m su gdkitavg oi sir ul istuoamlti aeafatm
aeafatmog,
og, quirrí qui ie istuoag
sim pmrti oi tgom su vaom.

Istg is mehg qui Kmfis, ulg oi luistrgs istuoamltis, ois`udrað, mulqui tgfð ul pg`g oi
taifpg. Kmfis tuvg prgdeifms `gl su iou`m`aðl y, oispuás oi em si`ulomram, pmsð tris mýgs
trmdmkmlog il ulm ea`griræm m pismr oi qui saifpri bmdæm sgýmog `gl `glvirtarsi il ul ixatgsg
bgfdri oi lihg`ags. Pi oag `uiltm oi qui, pmrm `ufpear su suiýg, adm m tilir qui ar m em
ulavirsaomo, pirg fi oakg; ―Jui `gfg mrrml`mr egs oailtis. Jalmefilti gdtuvi fa tætueg oi
 ulavirsaomo, pirg fi oakg; Jui `gfg mrrml`mr egs oailtis. Jalmefilti gdtuvi fa tætueg oi

`gltmdei, euihg alhrisá m ulm jarfm oi `gltmogris y euihg alhrisá m em dml`m. ^irg pgr fu`bg
taifpg, lg puoi eeihmr m sir ul mofalastrmogr oi raquizm. tilhg

il ulm pgsa`aðl oi mlmeastm, y isg riquiræm fu`bg mpriloazmki, fu`bg istuoag, y mpilms fi ems
mrrihemdm. _ilæm ems bmdaeaomois oi em hilti y em oas`apealm, pirg em pmrti oi istuoag jui fuy oajæ`ae
pmrm fæ. Fu`bms oi ems oisahlm`aglis qui tilhg mbgrm, riprgdá ems pruidms vmrams vi`is mltis
oi gdtilir isms oisahlm`aglis. @umlog eeihð ie fgfiltg oi tgfmr fa ixmfil oi ^^@ failtrms
trmdmkmdm, si vgevað fuy pismog ".

Kmfis istmdm m sias sifmlms oi su hrml ixmfil, ul ixmfil qui lgrfmefilti riquairi =4
sifmlms oi istuoag, `umlog si iltirð oi fa prghrmfm oi ei`turm rípaom. Istg ei pirfatað
ogdemr em isqualm, fikgrmr sus istuoags, myuomreg m "fmltilir fa `iridrg smlg ourmlti tgog ie
prg`isg oi istuoag altilsavg" y prgpgr`aglmrei ul hrml afpuesg ie oæm oi em pruidm.

Kmfis gdtuvg su oisahlm`aðl oi @J^, y istg ei pirfatað gdtilir ul luivg puistg ogloi trmdmkm
oari`tmfilti `gl egs `eailtis `gfg mofalastrmogr oi pmtrafglag. @gltalûm
@ gltalûm usmlog sus bmdaeaomois oi
mpriloazmki ri`ailtifilti rijalmoms failtrms rivasm em hrml `mltaomo oi prgspi`tgs qui li`isatm pmrm
eiir y `gfpriloir. Kmfis jí`aefilti pgoræm bmdir pirfataog qui ems ristra``aglis eg oituvairml il si`g.
Il `mfdag, mpriloað m eafatmr sus vaikms jgrfms oi istuoamr pmrm supirmr ie gdstí`ueg il su `mrrirm.

^ITG ]YÁ M@IT@M OI

·Mpemstmlog7
Em lg`bi iltirm is ulm mltahum trmoa`aðl oi istuoag qui fu`bms pirsglms `gltalûml fu`bg oispuás oi
qui tirfalml sus oæms is`gemris. Hrml pmrti oi istg si oidi m em oaem`aðl y me mpemzmfailtg oie trmdmkg
qui oidi bm`irsi pmrm ism hrml pruidm g ism hrml prisiltm`aðl. ^irg fu`bms pirsglms tmfdaál `riil
qui ie bm`almfailtg is su jgrfm fís iji`tavm oi pripmrm`aðl. Pal ifdmrhg, is prgdmdei qui lg eg sim.
"Il rimeaomo, ie bm`almfailtg si msg`am `gl afpioafiltgs ifg`aglmeis, filtmeis y jæsa`gs
jæs a`gs qui riou`il
em `mpm`aomo oie `uirpg pmrm bm`ir jrilti m su iltgrlg", is`radað
is`r adað ie piragoastm Tmepb Biadutzca il ie Pimttei
ie  Pimttei
^gst-Altieeahil`ir.  @atð ul istuoag oi em Jm`uetmo oi Fioa`alm oi Bmrvmro qui aloa`m qui ie bm`almfailtg
^gst-Altieeahil`ir.
`glou`i m fu`bgs iji`tgs si`ulomrags lg oisimogs, al`euaom em jul`aðl filtme oitiragrmom.  =

Moifís, ie bm`almfailtg hilirmefilti riquairi rilul`amr m em tgtmeaomo g me filgs hrml pmrti oi em

 `mltaomo lgrfme oi suiýg, y istg puioi tirfalmr sg`mvmlog ie prgpðsatg fasfg oie bm`almfailtg. Ie
prgjisgr oi psaquamtræm oi em Y@EM, Mloriw K. Jueahla, jui `gmutgr oi ul istuoag sgdri ie mdmrrgtmfailtg y
smeað `gl ulm `glixaðl `emrm iltri isti sudprgou`tg oie mdmrrgtmfailtg y egs risuetmogs ispirmogs.
"Lmoai is

suharailog qui egs istuoamltis lg oidiræml istuoamr ", oakg," pirg ulm `mltaomo moi`umom oi suiýg tmfdaál
is julomfiltme pmrm ie áxatg m`moáfa`g. Istgs risuetmogs sgl `glsastiltis `gl em alvistahm`aðl ifirhilt
ifirhilti
i
qui suhairi qui em jmetm oi suiýg afpaoi ie mpriloazmki ". 4

Me trmdmkmr `gl istuoamltis oi tgoms ems iomois, bi mpriloaog qui ie bm`almfailtg rmrm
viz is tml ûtae `gfg lgs hustmræm qui juirm. @gl`iltrmrsi il ul tifm ourmlti fu`bms,
fu`bms bgrms bm`i qui sim filgs prgdmdei qui ritilhm em aljgrfm`aðl. Mltiragrfilti,
bmdemfgs sgdri ie iji`tg oi em prafm`æm y em m`tumeaomo il em fifgram. Pa tailois m ri`gromr
eg prafirg y eg fís ri`ailti fikgr, fitir ulm hrml `mltaomo oi aljgrfm`aðl iltri eg prafirg y
eg fís ri`ailti sgeg ti eeivmrí m tilir fís `gsms qui gevaoms. Bmdemrifgs oi ulm fikgr
metirlmtavm il ul fgfiltg.

Qm sim qui istá il ie tir`ir mýg oi em is`uiem si`ulomram y tgfi `al`g `emsis M^ `gl ie gdkitavg oi
hmlmr m`iptm`aðl il ulm ulavirsaomo supiragr g ul oari`tgr `grpgrmtavg qui si iljrilti m em li`isaomo oi
fmltilirsi me tmltg oi su aloustram il rípaog `mfdag, is prgdmdei qui iljrilti ogs oismjægs
safuetílimfilti; ul fgltmým oi aljgrfm`aðl pmrm is`memr, y pg`g taifpg pmrm is`memrem. Pa iris tû, quirrís
msihurmrti oi qui istís istuoamlog oi em fmlirm fís ija`ailti pgsadei. M eg emrhg oi fas mýgs oi myuomr m
ems pirsglms m mpriloir fís rípaog y istuoamr fikgr, mquæ bmy saiti oi fas bídatgs safpeis jmvgratgs pmrm
eafatmr sus istuoags.

Bídatg =; Ifpeimr ritarg m`tavg

Ie ritarg m`tavg is ul prg`isg m trmvás oie `ume rivasm ie fmtirame y euihg eg viraja`m oi

alfioamtg pmrm oitirfalmr `uíltg bm ri`gromog. Istg ei pirfati istmdei`ir em oastal`aðl

iltri ri`glg`afailtg safpei (jmfaeamraomo
(jmfaeamraomo `gl ems pmemdrms il em píhalm) y ri`gei``aðl
(bm`ailog qui ie fmtirame sim ulm pmrti m`tavm oi su fifgram).

"Em fmygræm oi egs istuoamltis lg si oml `uiltm oi eg afpgrtmlti qui is gdeahmrsi m ri`gromr", is`radi ie
liurðeghg Or. Xaeeamf Ceiff, oi em Ylavirsaomo _ixms M&F. ―Il pmrti, istg si oidi m qui istíl
`gloa`aglmogs pgr pruidms oi gp`aðl fûetapei pmrm ri`gromr pmsavmfilti, is oi`ar, ri`glg`ir `umlog si
prisiltm ulm rispuistm `grri`tm, il euhmr oi hilirmr em rispuistm `grri`tm il prafir euhmr. Egs istuoags oi
ems prí`ta`ms oi mpriloazmki oi egs istuoamltis rivieml eg afpgrtmlti qui is pmrm em jgrfm`aðl oi em fifgram
ri`upirmr aljgrfm`aðl qui istí trmtmlog oi fifgrazmr ". 0
 ^mrm ifpeimr em ri`upirm`aðl m`tavm, bmhm istg;

Tivasm ie fmtirame qui istís istuoamlog.

Euihg `airri ie eadrg, mpmhui ie vaoig g em `gljiril`am, y is`radm g ri`ati tgog eg

qui ri`uiroi oi eg qui m`mdm oi rivasmr. Mbgrm, farm ie fmtirame luivmfilti.
·@uíltg ti m`gromsti7
Msihûrmti oi tilir suja`ailti taifpg oi istuoag pmrm pirfatarti rimeazmr isti prg`isg vmrams vi`is.
@gfg siýmem Ceiff, egs istuoags fgstrmrgl qui "ie mpriloazmki ðptafg si prgoukg `umlog ulm sisaðl oi
mpriloazmki ala`ame al`euyð istuoags ripitaogs y pruidms oi ri`upirm`aðl jgrzmom oi tgogs egs ieifiltgs me
filgs `umtrg vi`is sihuaoms".  ? ? Istg fi eeivm me sahuailti bídatg afpgrtmlti m mogptmr.

Bídatg 4; Ifpeimr ripita`aðl ispm`amom

@gfg si oas`utað mltiragrfilti il isti `mpætueg, ie mdmrrgtmfailtg taili fu`bms oisviltmkms. Pa
dail is lmturme pgstirhmr, oikmrsi il satum`aglis il ems qui li`isatm istuoamr ulm hrml `mltaomo oi
fmtirame oi ulm sgem viz bm`i qui sim prgdmdei qui lg mprilom isi fmtirame il mdsgeutg. Em rmzðl
is qui trmtmr oi trmdmkmr oi ism fmlirm lgs gpgli oari`tmfilti m em jgrfm il qui jul`aglml
luistrgs `iridrgs. Metirlmtavmfilti, sa ispm`am sus rivasaglis oie fmtirame, iljg`ílogsi fís il em
aljgrfm`aðl qui lg bm ritilaog il ie pmsmog, istí usmlog su `iridrg eg fikgr qui puiom. "Em
ripita`aðl ispm`amom is safpei pirg metmfilti iji`tavm pgrqui oieadirmomfilti parmtim em jgrfm il
qui jul`aglm su `iridrg", `gal`aoi Kmfis * uptm, @IG oi em pemtmjgrfm oi mpriloazmki il eælim
Pylmp. "Gdeahm m mpriloir m tilir isjuirzg y, `gfg egs fûs`uegs, Ie `iridrg rispgloi m isi
istæfueg jgrtmei`ailog ems `glixaglis iltri ems `áeuems lirvagsms. Me ispm`amr egs altirvmegs, istí
ikir`ailog mûl fís istms `glixaglis `mom viz. ^rgou`i ulm ritil`aðl oi `glg`afailtg ourmoirm m
emrhg pemzg y, il fa ixpirail`am, ulm viz qui ems pirsglms `gfailzml m usmreg, eg kurml ‖. 9 9
 

Em ripita`aðl ispm`amom pmri`i jul`aglmr oi fmlirm fís iji`tavm `umlog puioi rivasmr ie
fmtirame m altirvmegs safaemris. ^gr isg is afpgrtmlti omrsi ie taifpg suja`ailti. ]uazís rimea`i
em rivasaðl ulm viz pgr em fmýmlm y gtrm viz kustg mltis oi em `ilm ourmlti `umtrg oæms
sihuaogs, y euihg pmsi m gtrg fmtirame qui li`isati istuoamr m altirvmegs safaemris. Ysi istm
tá`la`m il `gl`airtg `gl ri`upirm`aðl m`tavm. Tivasi ie fmtirame, ivmeûi eg qui ri`uirom, euihg
tðfisi ul ois`mlsg mltis oi vgevir m isti fmtirame il pmrta`uemr.

Bídatg 0; Mofalastrm ie istmog il ie qui ti il`uiltrms

@gfg fil`aglmfgs mltiragrfilti il isti eadrg, ie istmog il ie qui si il`uiltri `umlog rimea`i
`umequair m`tavaomo tilorí ie fmygr afpm`tg il su áxatg. ^gr ikifpeg, sa tuvg ul oæm rimefilti fmeg y
si ei paoað qui ba`airm ulm prisiltm`aðl pmrm su trmdmkg g qui ttgfmrm
gfmrm ul ixmfil, eg fís prgdmdei is
qui lg si oisifpiýi eg fikgr qui puiom. Istg si oidi m qui su istmog filtme lg prgfgvað ul
 riloafailtg ðptafg. ^gr gtrg emog, sa ti sailtis dail, `umlog eg fasfg

surhi em gpgrtulaomo, oijalatavmfilti prgou`aræm fikgris risuetmogs. @umltg fís pgsatavg i

alhilagsg sim su istmog, fmygris siríl egs risuetmogs qui gdtilorí. Istuoamr lg is oajirilti.

_u pgsturm tmfdaál `gltrgem ie istmog oi tu filti. Paáltisi `gfg sa istuvairm m pultg oi

mpriloir em aljgrfm`aðl fís `ru`ame qui `mfdam em vaom. ·_uvasti qui fuomrti7 Pa eg bazg,
gdsirvi `ðfg si sailti fís `gl`iltrmog oispuás oi bmdir `mfdamog su pgsturm. @umlog ti
sailtms oiri`bg, tmfdaál jm`aeatm em risparm`aðl y em `ar`uem`aðl oie gxæhilg li`ismrag m tu
`iridrg y me ristg oi tu `uirpg. Pa si oispegfm, pgoræm sgjg`mr ie prg`isg oi risparm`aðl
risparm`aðl y
`mlsmreg.

CXAC P_MT_ 

Failtrms istís siltmog il ulm saeem, oispeízmti, farm bm`am mdmkg, risparm drivifilti y
jrul`i ie `iýg. Bm`ireg mbgrm. ·]uá tml fgtavmog ti sailtis pmrm me`mlzmr ie áxatg7 ·@uíl
prgou`tavg `riis qui iris il isti istmog7 Istm is em pgsturm qui tgfml fu`bgs
istuoamltis failtrms istuoaml. ·Is oi ixtrmýmr qui lg eis husti istuoamr y tilhml qui
trmdmkmr ourg pmrm eghrmr risuetmogs fælafgs7 Mbgrm saáltmti oiri`bg y sglræi. ·@uíltg
fikgr ti sailtis7

Bídatg ?; Ysm tu siltaog oie gejmtg

Istgy sihurg oi qui ti bm su`ioaog mehg `gfg istg; iltrms il ulm bmdatm`aðl y ois`udris ie
mari eeilg oi ul mrgfm pmrta`uemr. _me viz sim ie gegr oi ulm ispi`am ispi`æja`m bgrlimlog il
ie bgrlg. Isi mrgfm ti ilvæm alfioamtmfilti m ul oæm `gl ulm mfahm oi em aljml`am `umlog
bazg ulm drgfm qui jui tml oavirtaom qui em ei`bi smeað oi tu lmraz. ·^gr quá ie gegr oi ism
ispi`am m`tavmræm isi ri`uirog7 ^grqui isi gegr istmdm il ie mari `umlog su`ioað ie iviltg
qui ri`uiroms, y egs gegris sgl ispi`amefilti iji`tavgs pmrm trmir ri`uirogs m em vmlhumroam
oi luistrgs `iridrgs. Pi bm oifgstrmog qui ie mrgfm oie rgfirg fikgrm em fifgram. Filtm

y ie eafðl prgfuivi
 `gl`iltrm`aðl.
"Em rispuistm prgdmdeifilti si oidm m em mlmtgfæm oie `iridrg", is`radi Kgroml * malis Eiwas,
alvistahmogr pgstog`tgrme il ie ^ill Ptmti @geeihi gj Fioa`ali. "Egs gegris iltrmltis sgl prg`ismogs
prafirg pgr ie duedg gejmtavg, qui `gfailzm

oiltrg oi em lmraz y `grri m eg emrhg oi em pmrti aljiragr oie `iridrg. Ie duedg gejmtavg taili `glixaglis
oari`tms `gl ogs írims oie `iridrg qui istíl juirtifilti afpea`moms il em ifg`aðl y em fifgram; em
mfæhomem y ie bapg`mfpg. @uragsmfilti, em aljgrfm`aðl vasume, muoatavm (sglgrm) y tí`tae (tí`tae) lg pmsm
m trmvás oi istms írims oie `iridrg. Istm puioi sir em rmzðl pgr em `ume ie gejmtg, fís qui `umequair
gtrg siltaog, is tml ixatgsg il oisil`moilmr ifg`aglis y ri`uirogs ".  : :

Eg qui istg lgs fuistrm is qui ie gegr is ulm birrmfailtm oi fifgram ilgrfifilti afpgrtmlti,
pirg aljrmutaeazmom. Pa ul gegr pmrta`uemr puioi eeivmrlgs oi vuietm m luistrm aljml`am, si puioi usmr ul
mrgfm oajirilti pmrm m`ieirmr luistrg ri`uirog. Pa istís istuoamlog pmrm ul ixmfil afpgrtmlti, pgl
ul pg`g oi m`iati isil`ame il pmrta`uemr il tu fuýi`m failtrms istuoams y euihg msihûrmti oi bm`ir
eg fasfg mltis oi tgfmr ie ixmfil. Pa bm`i eg fasfg me pripmrmrsi pmrm ulm hrml riulaðl, egs
risuetmogs oidiræml sir safaemris. Gdvamfilti, oidi tilir il `uiltm m gtrms pirsglms, pgr eg qui lg
oisim ifpmpmrsi `gl ie mrgfm, pirg sgeg ul tgqui is suja`ailti pmrm mufiltmr su ri`uirog.

Bídatg 9; Fûsa`m pmrm em filti

^ailsm il `ðfg ba`asti mehulgs oi tus prafirgs mpriloazmkis. ·_û, `gfg tmltms pirsglms, fifgrazmsti ie
mejmditg m trmvás oi ulm `ml`aðl7 G tme viz smdis `ðfg ul prgyi`tg oi eiy pmsm pgr ie @glhrisg pgrqui P`bggebgusi
pgrqui P`bggebgusi
Tg`c ti eg `mltá Egs pmoris prgdmdeifilti bml istmog ilsiýmlog `gl`iptgs dísa`gs m egs laýgs
piquiýgs m trmvás oi em fûsa`m ourmlti ie taifpg qui em fûsa`m bm ixastaog. Eg bm`il pgrqui jul`aglm, y
jul`aglm pgrqui bmy ulm `ail`am sðeaom oitrís oi istg.

Lufirgsgs istuoags val`ueml em fûsa`m me mpriloazmki. Em bapðtisas oi em ix`atm`aðl y ie istmog oi ílafg,

prisiltmom pgr ie Or. I. * eill P`bieeildirh, aoiltaja`m ulm `glixaðl iltri em fûsa`m y ie istmog oi ílafg y em
`glixaðl pgstiragr iltri ie istmog oi ílafg y ie mpriloazmki, eg qui suhairi qui em fûsa`m puioi pglirlgs il
`gloa`aglis qui fikgril luistrm `mpm`aomo oi mpriloazmki.  8 8

Em fûsa`m dmrrg`m pmri`i tilir mehulms `umeaomois pmrta`uemrfilti

pmrta`uemrfilti vmeagsms. "Em fûsa`m
istmdaeazm egs ratfgs filtmeis, jæsa`gs
jæs a`gs y ifg`aglmeis pmrm me`mlzmr ul istmog oi `gl`iltrm`aðl
prgjulom y iljgqui il ie qui si puioil prg`ismr y mpriloir hrmlois `mltaomois oi aljgrfm`aðl oi
`gltilaog", mjarfm ie ixpirtg il fûsa`m y mpriloazmki @bras Dgyo Driwir. "Em fûsa`m dmrrg`m, `gfg
 em `gfpuistm pgr Dm`b, Bmloie g _ieifmll, qui is oi 9> m 2> emtaogs pgr falutg, `rim ulm

mtfðsjirm oi iljgqui qui eeivm m egs istuoamltis m ulm prgjulom `gl`iltrm`aðl il ie

istmog oi glom `iridrme mejm. Mpriloir vg`mduemrag, fifgrazmr bi`bgs g eiir istm fûsa`m is
fuy iji`tavg ". 2
Lg bmy ivaoil`am safaemr oi qui egs risuetmogs siræml egs fasfgs `gl, pgr ikifpeg, rmp g C-pgp, pirg
oidaog m qui em rim``aðl oi ulg m em fûsa`m is mehg tml pirsglme, is pgsadei qui istm fûsa`m tmfdaál
jul`agli pmrm ustio. ^irg `gfg em trmlsfasaðl oi fûsa`m is tml gflaprisilti, ri`gfilomræm mhrihmr ulm
eastm oi riprgou``aðl dmrrg`m `gfg jglog pmrm sus sisaglis oi istuoag. Mfmzgl Fusa`, Mppei Fusa` y
Ppgtajy tailil eastms oi riprgou``aðl dmrrg`ms y, sa oisim ixpegrmr fís m jglog, `mom ulm taili eastms oi
riprgou``aðl oi fûsa`m `eísa`m (`gfpuistms pral`apmefilti oi fûsa`m dmrrg`m) qui bml saog `gfpaemoms
ispi`æja`mfilti `gl ie prgpðsatg oi istuoamr.

Bídatg :; Is`u`bm `gl tgog tu `iridrg

Pa vm m eafatmr su mpriloazmki, quirrí msihurmrsi oi qui sus bmdaeaomois oi is`u`bm istál
tgtmefilti mjalmoms. Ixasti ulm `glixaðl fuy juirti iltri is`u`bmr y mpriloir, y fís oi ulm
`umrtm pmrti oi lgsgtrgs sgfgs mpriloa`is muoatavgs, eg qui sahlaja`m qui em jgrfm pral`apme il qui
mpriloifgs is m trmvás oi is`u`bmr mehg. 1 1

Is`u`bmr is julomfiltme pmrm ie mpriloazmki, y pmsmfgs ul hrml pgr`iltmki oi luistrg taifpg oi vahaeam
is`u`bmlog.. ^irg em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lg sgfgs pmrta`uemrfilti duilgs il isg. "Fu`bgs istuoags
is`u`bmlog
ixmfalml isti jilðfilg", is`radil Dgd Pueeavml y Buhb _bgfpsgl il su eadrg Ie
eadrg Ie iji`tg fisitm. 
fisitm.―  Pa dail
is`u`bmr is ie lû`eig oi em fmygræm oi luistrms `gfula`m`aglis, ie mouetg prgfioag is`u`bm `msa ie ogdei oi
eg qui bmdem, em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms mpistml. Mquæ bmy ul risuetmog tæpa`g. M egs ixmfalmogs si eis paoað
qui si siltmrml m trmvás oi ulm prisiltm`aðl grme oi => falutgs y, fís tmroi, qui ois`radairml su `gltilaog.

Em fatmo oi egs mouetgs lg puioi bm`ireg la saquairm fgfiltgs oispuás oi em `bmrem, y ?2 bgrms oispuás, ie 89
pgr `ailtg oi egs gyiltis lg puioi ri`gromr ie tifm ". =>

Ylm oi ems rmzglis pgr ems qui lg is`u`bmfgs dail is qui tiloifgs m lg mpea`mr tgom luistrm
`mpm`aomo altiei`tume me ikir`a`ag. Pueeavml y _bgfpsgl, quailis rimeazmrgl ul istuoag `gl em
Ylavirsaomo @mrlihai Fieegl sgdri em lmturmeizm oi ems oastrm``aglis oahatmeis, siýmeml qui "ie
`iridrg bufmlg taili em `mpm`aomo oi oahirar bmstm ?>> pmemdrms pgr falutg oi aljgrfm`aðl". ^irg
al`eusg ul grmogr oi em `auomo oi Luivm Qgrc bmdem merioiogr oi =49 pmemdrms pgr falutg. Isg
 sahlaja`m qui tris `umrtgs oi tu `iridrg pgoræml istmr bm`ailog gtrm `gsm failtrms mehuail ti istí

bmdemlog ". ==

^mrm myuomr m meavamr isti prgdeifm, bi oasiýmog ulm birrmfailtm qui ti myuomrí m is`u`bmr `gl
tgog tu `iridrg. Pgeg ri`uirom ie m`rðlafg BIMT;

B is Agr Bmet; @gl tgom prgdmdaeaomo, failtrms is`u`bms m mehuail fís bmdemr, bmdrí
gtrms `gsms su`ioailog il ie fasfg ispm`ag. _me viz bmy hilti omlog vuietms. _me
viz su tieájglg istí sglmlog, oa`aálogei qui m`mdm oi ri`adar ul filsmki oi tixtg.
_me viz bmy fûsa`m sglmlog il em bmdatm`aðl g ul tieivasgr il ie jglog. Failtrms
tmltg, istí pilsmlog il su eastm oi tmrims, su prðxafm riulaðl g eg qui vm m `ilmr ism
lg`bi. Bmhm tgog eg pgsadei pmrm saltglazmr tgog istg y istmr `gfpeitmfilti
`gfpeitmfilti prisilti
`gl quail sim qui istá is`u`bmlog. Ti`uiroi qui is`u`bmr afpea`m fís qui sgeg ems
pmemdrms qui ulm pirsglm oa`i3 aljeixaðl vg`me, eilhumki `grpgrme, ixprisaglis
jm`ameis,
y
Fís `rimr `gltixtg moa`aglme y prgpgr`aglmr aljgrfm`aðl moa`aglme. ^uioi mdsgrdir
tgog istg sgeg sa oitaili tgog eg oifís.
I is Agr IfPmtby; Pa puioi afmhalmrsi il ie euhmr oie bmdemlti, is prgdmdei qui
mprilom fís oi istm ixpirail`am muoatavm qui sa eg bm`i oi fmlirm oismpmsaglmom.
_rmtmr oi iltiloir oi oðloi vaili ie bmdemlti y pgr quá mpgrtm sustml`am moa`aglme
m eg qui pgoræml istmr oa`ailog y ei pirfati siltareg oisoi su pirspi`tavm.

M is Agr Mlta`aPmti; ^mrta`api il em ixpirail`am `gl ul siltaog oi mlta`apm`aðl. Ti`uiroi

qui ie mpriloazmki oipiloi oie istmog y qui eg qui puioi mpriloir oi isti grmogr si
`glvirtarí il ul ri`uirog m emrhg pemzg sa ei mtraduyi ifg`aðl. Pu iltusamsfg pgr eg qui

istí is`u`bmlog mufiltmrí il hrml fioaom su pgtil`ame pmrm rimefilti is`u`bmreg.

T is su rivasaðl; Pa taili em gpgrtulaomo oi altirm`tumr oari`tmfilti `gl ie grmogr,

bíhmeg. Bmhm prihultms m`emrmtgrams g tme viz al`eusg pmrm qui si ripatm ul pultg. Pa
istí il `gloa`aglis oi tgfmr lgtms, bíhmeg. Q euihg, rijeixagli sgdri eg qui oakg ie
grmogr. ^mrmjrmsim il tu filti i afmhælmti ilsiýílog
ilsiýílogeg eg m gtrm pirsglm. Bm`ireg eg
sgeaoaja`mrí il su filti.
 Bídatg 8; _gfmr lgtm oi tgfmr lgtms

Istuoamr il ems fikgris `gloa`aglis prgdmdeifilti fikgrmrí `glsaoirmdeifilti su

ritil`aðl. Q, tmltg il pripmrm`aðl pmrm sus istuoags `gfg il `gl`airtg `gl sus istuoags,
fikgrmr su `mpm`aomo pmrm tgfmr lgtms is alvmeumdei. Em viltmkm jalme oi tgfmr lgtms is qui
pirsglmeazml em aljgrfm`aðl qui li`isatm pmrm ritilir su vg`mduemrag y su fgog oi pilsmr.
Il ie fikgr oi egs `msgs, ems lgtms ei pirfatil grhmlazm
grhmlazmrr y prg`ismr em aljgrfm`aðl oi ulm
fmlirm qui bm`i fís prgdmdei qui puiom usmr istm aljgrfm`aðl oispuás.

^irg fu`bms pirsglms tgfml lgtms oi fmlirm alija`mz. Ems oaja`uetmois `gfulis
al`euyil `gl`iltrmrsi tmltg il is`radar lgtms qui il rimeaomo lg istí is`u`bmlog em
aljgrfm`aðl, trmtmr oi is`radar `mom `gsm qui is`u`bm y is`radar lgtms oi tme fmlirm qui lg ei
siríl ûtaeis ul oæm oispuás. Is jí`ae ivatmr tgoms istms trmfpms ulm viz qui ems `glgz`m, msæ
qui iemdgrifgs ul peml pmrm fikgrmr su `mpm`aomo oi tgfmr lgtms.

Il prafir euhmr, msihûrisi oi `gfpriloir ie prgpðsatg oi tgfmr istms lgtms. ^gr

ikifpeg, ie gdkitavg oi tgfmr lgtms il ulm `gljiril`am oi fioag sifistri puioi sir fuy
oajirilti oi ems lgtms qui tgfms il em `emsi oi rivasaðl mltis oi ulm hrml jalme. Oie fasfg
fgog, eg qui altiltm eghrmr `gl ems lgtms qui tgfm il ulm riulaðl sifmlme `gl su iquapg
is prgdmdei qui sim oajirilti oi ems lgtms qui tgfm il em sifmlm privam m ulm
prisiltm`aðl afpgrtmlti oie `eailti. Me sir `emrg il su altil`aðl `gl sus lgtms, puioi
oastalhuar iltri aljgrfm`aðl rieivmlti pmrm ustio i aljgrfm`aðl qui lg eg is. _ilhg ul
mfahg qui is is`ratgr i alsasti il trmls`radar `mom iltrivastm qui bm`i m pismr oi qui siræm
fís ija`ailti qui ul sirva`ag oi trmls`rap`aðl eg bmhm pgr áe. Em rmzðl, oa`i, is qui me
bm`ireg áe sgeg trmls`radi ems pmrtis oi em iltrivastm qui smdi qui pgorí usmr, ieafalmlog
msæ em pgsadaeaomo oi qui istms `atms si pairoml iltri tgoms ems oifís `glvirsm`aglis qui
pgoræml lg sir rieivmltis pmrm ie eadrg qui istí is`radailog. . Eg qui ei quiom is `gltilaog
`msa purg. Oie fasfg fgog, sa tgfm lgtms `gl ul gdkitavg il filti, `mom lgtm qui tgfi
tilorí rieivml`am.

Ylm viz qui tilhm `emrgs sus gdkitavgs, mogpti ul iljgqui m`tavg pmrm tgfmr lgtms. Is`u`bi
`gl em altil`aðl oi gdtilir ixm`tmfilti eg qui li`isatm y is`radm sus lgtms oi fmlirm qui si
 dilija`ail oi su ri`uirog fís moiemlti. Pa vm m usmr mdrivamturms y mtmkgs, usi egs qui ei siml
jmfaeamris. Eg ûetafg qui oisim is qui sus prgpams lgtms siml alois`ajrmdeis pmrm ustio fís
tmroi.

Ahumefilti afpgrtmlti is msihurmrsi oi usmr sus prgpams pmemdrms saifpri qui sim pgsadei. @gfg si
siýmeð mltiragrfilti, ulg oi egs pral`apmeis gdstí`uegs pmrm ulm tgfm oi lgtms iji`tavm is trmtmr oi
rihastrmr  tgog. 
 tgog.B  my ogs oisviltmkms gdvams pmrm istg. Ylm is qui is afpgsadei is`radar tml rípaog `gfg em
fmygræm oi em hilti bmdem. Il prgfioag, ems pirsglms is`radil m fmlg oi => m =4 pmemdrms pgr falutg, y
ie bmdemlti prgfioag bmdem merioiogr oi =>> pmemdrms pgr falutg. Al`eusg sa istuvairm is`radailog sus
lgtms (eg `ume lg ri`gfailog3 fís sgdri istg il drivi), prgdmdeifilti sgeg pgoræm gdtilir
mprgxafmomfilti
mprgxafmomfilti em fatmo oi eg qui ie grmogr istmdm oa`ailog. ^irg bmy ulm oisviltmkm mûl fís
julomfiltme; sa istí `gpamlog eg qui mehuail istí oa`ailog eatirmefilti, prgdmdeifilti lg istá
prg`ismlog lmom oi isg. Isg sahlaja`m qui, il ie fgfiltg fís isil`ame oi mpriloazmki, istís utaeazmlog
em fmygr pmrti oi tu `iridrg pmrm em tmrim oi tgfmr ie oa`tmog. @umlog usm sus prgpams pmemdrms il sus
lgtms, `gfailzm m prg`ismr em aljgrfm`aðl, y isg fikgrm ilgrfifilti ie mpriloazmki.

Q failtrms istmfgs il ie tifm oi em is`raturm, ri`gfilomræm is`radar sus lgtms m

fmlg. Al`eusg sa istí usmlog ulm tmdeitm pmrm mefm`ilmr sus lgtms, usi ul dgeæhrmjg
iei`trðla`g pmrm bm`ireg. ^gr ul emog, bmy prghrmfms jí`aefilti oaspgladeis qui
puioil `glvirtar su is`raturm m fmlg il tixtg pmrm ulm grhmlazm`aðl pgstiragr. ^irg eg
fís afpgrtmlti, is`radar m fmlg riquairi qui `gfail`i m prg`ismr ie fmtirame oi
alfioamtg, y isg bm oifgstrmog sir fís iji`tavg. "Em prisilti alvistahm`aðl suhairi
qui al`eusg `umlog ems `gfputmogrms pgrtítaeis si usml ûla`mfilti pmrm tgfmr lgtms,
mûl puioil istmr pirkuoa`mlog ie mpriloazmki pgrqui su usg om `gfg risuetmog ul
prg`ismfailtg fís supirja`ame", is`radil ^mf M. Fuieeir y Omlaie F. Gppilbiafir il
su istuoag sgdri isti tifm. ―Ois`udrafgs qui egs istuoamltis qui tgfmrgl lgtms il
`gfputmogrms pgrtítaeis gdtuvairgl pigris risuetmogs il prihultms `gl`iptumeis qui
egs istuoamltis qui tgfmrgl lgtms m fmlg. =4

Eg fís afpgrtmlti, msihûrisi oi qui rimefilti istí is`u`bmlog. Lg istís meeæ `gfg
si`ritmram3 istís meeæ `gfg mehuail qui istí ri`adailog aljgrfm`aðl pmrm su usg pgstiragr. ^gr eg
tmltg, is afpgrtmlti is`u`bmr rimefilti eg qui gtrgs oa`il. _gfi lgtm oi eg qui si iljmtazm.
Msihûrisi oi `gfpriloir egs pultgs qui ie grmogr istí bm`ailog y, sa em gpgrtulaomo istí
 oaspgladei, bmhm prihultms. Istg sgeg puioi su`ioir sa istí oioa`mlog me filgs em fasfm
`mltaomo

mtil`aðl m em aljgrfm`aðl qui si iltrihm tme `gfg istí m su hrmdm`aðl oi ism

aljgrfm`aðl.
Failtrms tgfm lgtms, usi ul fátgog qui eemfg "`mpturmr y `rimr". Il ie emog azquairog oie
pmpie, istí `mpturmlog, istí tgfmlog lgtms3 il ie emog oiri`bg, istís `rimlog, istís
tgfmlog lgtms. Istís is`radailog tu afprisaðl oi eg qui istís `mpturmlog. ·@ðfg puiog
usmr istg7 ·^gr quá oidg usmr istg7 ·@uílog usmrá istg7

Oispuás oi qui tirfali su sisaðl oi tgfm oi lgtms, rivasi sus lgtms oi alfioamtg. Istg eg
myuomrí m ritilir em aljgrfm`aðl oi fmlirm fu`bg fís iji`tavm qui sa lg eii sus lgtms
ourmlti oæms. @gfg dilija`ag moa`aglme, pgorí `gfpeifiltmr sus lgtms `gl `umequair `gsm qui
si bmym piroaog failtrms ems tgfm, pgrqui em aljgrfm`aðl mûl istmrí jris`m il su filti.

YL @GLPIKG ^MTM M@_YMEA[MT _Y LG_M

Pa quairis msihurmrti oi qui saifpri istís mprgvi`bmlog me fíxafg tus lgtms, ri`uirom ie
@GLPIKG flifðla`g;

_ is Agr _balc; Mltis oi `gfilzmr `umequair sisaðl il em qui vm m tgfmr lgtms,

pailsi il eg qui ispirm ritilir fís oi istm sisaðl. Istg eg myuomrí m jaetrmr em
aljgrfm`aðl oi metg vmegr oi em aljgrfm`aðl qui sim filgs rieivmlti pmrm su
gdkitavg.
Agr Agr AoiltaAy; Is`u`bi mtiltmfilti em aljgrfm`aðl prisiltmom i aoiltajaqui eg
qui is fís afpgrtmlti il ie `gltixtg oi su gdkitavg. Ti`uiroi qui altiltmr
is`radar tgog bmrí qui sim afpgsadei prg`ismr em aljgrfm`aðl il isi fgfiltg y
prgdmdeifilti oaja`uetmrí ie istuoag. Aoiltajaqui eg qui fís li`isatm y mlðtieg.

^ is pmrm pragrazmr; M fioaom qui rivasi sus lgtms oispuás oi em prisiltm`aðl, pragra`i em
aljgrfm`aðl qui sim fís vmeagsm pmrm ustio, quazís mhrihui lgtms moa`aglmeis sihûl sim
li`ismrag pmrm m`emrmr em aljgrfm`aðl pragratmram g bmhm ul isquifm pmrm rismetmr egs pultgs
`emvi.
 Mltis oi sihuar moiemlti
Pa ri`glg`i qui eafatmrsi m sæ fasfg sahlaja`m sir ul istuoamlti oi pgr vaom, iltgl`is em jgrfm il qui
rimeazm sus istuoags is oi vatme afpgrtml`am. Mltis oi qui lgsgtrgs

pmsi me sahuailti `mpætueg, altiltifgs mehulms `gsms;

Omei ul harg m tu ritarg m`tavg. ^risáltisi m mehûl fmtirame luivg y ivmeûi oi alfioamtg
`uíltg rituvg. Il`uiltrm ulm eastm oi riprgou``aðl oi fûsa`m qui jul`agli pmrm ta. Bmy
fu`bgs oi ieegs oaspgladeis, y is prgdmdei qui em fûsa`m moi`umom fikgri tu `mpm`aomo
oi mdsgrdir aljgrfm`aðl, msæ qui tðfmti ul taifpg pmrm il`gltrmr ulm qui ti husti. _me
viz al`eusg quairms tilireg il sihulog pemlg failtrms eiis ie ristg oi isti eadrg.

^ruidi sus luivms birrmfailtms pmrm tgfmr lgtms. _me viz rivasi isti `mpætueg luivmfilti y tgfi
lgtms me rispi`tg. G vim ulm `bmrem _IO y tgfi lgtms sgdri isg il su euhmr. Ysm ems bmdaeaomois
qui bms mpriloaog mquæ pmrm fikgrmr istm ixpirail`am.
 
 

=0

FIFGTAM
·]uá puiog bm`ir pmrm fikgrmr fa fifgram oi alfioamtg7 @ðfg

·_ilhg ulm hrml pmrti oi aljgrfm`aðl il fa fifgram7 @ðfg

·^uiog m``ioir jí`aefilti m istm aljgrfm`aðl `umlog em li`isatg7

Bm`i ulgs mýgs, iltrá il luistrm gja`alm tifprmlg il em fmýmlm, mltis oi qui mehuail fís iltrmrm. Ie
tieájglg `gfilzð m sglmr, msæ qui jua m `gltistmr. Alfioamtmfilti, em vgz ijusavm oi ulm fukir `mltð oisoi
ie gtrg ixtrifg.
"_i mfg, ti mfg, ti mfg!"
@gljæm il fæ qui istm lg jui ulm rispuistm `gfûl qui ri`adæ me rispgloir ulm eemfmom. "Xbgm", ei oaki.
"·]uail is isti7"
"Is Mlli. Pihuæ tu `ursg. Euihg rípaomfilti oi`emrð; "¡Eg il`gltrá!" Istí dail, ieem fi
tilæm. "·]ui il`gltrmsti7"
―Lg sá quá is, pirg bi istmog bm`ailog tgogs istgs ikir`a`ags qui bms istmog ilsiýmlog y bi ifpizmog
m ri`gromr `gsms. Al`eusg `umlog lg istgy usmlog em istrmtiham, ri`uirog lgfdris y `glvirsm`aglis ".

Iltgl`is, ieem tmfpg`g bmdæm rispgloaog ism prihultm. Fi oa `uiltm oi qui adm m tilir qui oikmr qui
`gltmrm su bastgram `gfg ieem quiræm `gltmrem. Ourmlti egs sahuailtis falutgs, supi qui ulgs mýgs mltis su
mduiem ei bmdæm rihmemog ulm rieaquam jmfaeamr. Irm ul `geemr qui si bmdæm trmlsfataog oi hilirm`aðl il
hilirm`aðl, y su mduiem si smetð m su prgpam bakm y m sus tris birfmlms fmygris pmrm oikmrei ie `geemr. Mlli
si saltað ixtrifmomfilti bglrmom oi ri`adar isti rihmeg y prgfitað tilir `uaomog `gl áe. Pgeg bmdæm ul
prgdeifm; istmdm tml prig`upmom pgr fmltilir ie `geemr m smevg qui eg bmdæm is`gloaog il mehûl euhmr qui
lg pgoæm ri`gromr. @umlog si oag `uiltm oi qui lg smdæm oðloi istmdm ie `geemr, `gfilzð m dus`mr, pirg jui
il vmlg.
 Oispuás oi tris mýgs, eeihð m em `gl`eusaðl oi qui bmdæm piroaog em biril`am pmrm saifpri g qui mehuail
em bmdæm rgdmog. Iltgl`is, m ems 4 M.F Em fmýmlm oi istm eemfmom, ieem si oispirtð oi ul suiýg fuirtg. Dmkð
ogs trmfgs oi is`meirms bm`am ieem

sðtmlg, `grrað bm`am em `meoirm, si fgvað oitrís oi ieem y fitað em fmlg il ulm hraitm. Pm`ð ie `geemr y `msa
fuiri pgr ie meavag.
"Ism is ulm bastgram al`riædei, jiea`aomois", ei oaki. Mulqui tilhg `uragsaomo. Lg ti ilsiýá `ðfg il`gltrmr
mrtæ`uegs ixtrmvamogs. Ism lg is ulm oi ems `gsms qui bifgs `udairtg il luistrms `emsis ".

―Pæ, pirg ba`asti mehg fu`bg fís vmeagsg. Lg sá quá is, pirg ourmlti ems ûetafms sifmlms sgeg ri`uirog
tgog tapg oi `gsms. Lg sgeg il ie prisilti, salg il `gsms qui lg bmdæm pilsmog il mýgs.

"Kaf, hrm`ams pgr oivgevirfi ie `iridrg".

Eg qui Mlli istmdm aeustrmlog m trmvás oi su iltusamsfg is mehg qui bi istmog `gfpmrtailog `gl em hilti ourmlti
fu`bg taifpg. Pæ, tu `iridrg is ul ðrhmlg. ^irg m`tûm `gfg ul fûs`ueg. Q si pmri`i fís sahlaja`mtavmfilti m ul
fûs`ueg il ie siltaog oi qui is ul oaspgsatavg qui si usm g si pairoi. Luistrgs `iridrgs si fmltailil il jgrfm sgeg
`umlog bm`ifgs ul isjuirzg `gl`irtmog pmrm fmltiliregs il jgrfm. Pa lg eghrmfgs fmltilir luistrgs `iridrgs il
jgrfm, ym sim pgr pirizm g pgr sir oifmsamog oipiloailtis oi em ti`lgeghæm pmrm pilsmr pgr lgsgtrgs g me lg oismjamrlgs
`gl ul luivg mpriloazmki, si vuievi "jeí`aog". ^aálsieg oi istm fmlirm; sa taili ie drmzg il ulm bglom ourmlti sias
fisis, lg smeorí `gl ul drmzg fís juirti. Oi bi`bg, oispuás oi sm`mr ie drmzg oi ulm bglom, is prgdmdei qui tilhm
fuy pg`m jul`aðl. _u `iridrg is ahume. Pa lg eg bm`is rihuemrfilti, puioi qui lg istá il su fikgr fgfiltg `umlog
fís eg li`isatm. ^irg sa bm`i ie isjuirzg oi fmltilir su `iridrg il peilm jgrfm, ois`udrarí qui saifpri istí eastg pmrm
bm`ir ul trmdmkg m lavie oi supirbárgi pmrm ustio, tme `gfg eg bazg pmrm istm pirsglm qui eemfm.

PAIF^TI ^YIOIP @GLJAMT IL FMFÍ

Em fifgram is pgsadeifilti em pmrti fís afpgrtmlti oie prg`isg oi mpriloazmki. Pa lg puiois ri`gromr, iltgl`is lg puiois
mpriloir lmom. Lg bmy `glg`afailtg sal fifgram.
fifgr am. ^irg, ·pgr quá em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms tailil bmdaeaomois oi fifgram
filgs qui aoimeis7 @rig qui is pgr em jgrfm il qui lgs ilsiýmrgl m fifgrazmr `gsms, qui hilirmefilti irm m trmvás oi em
fifgrazm`aðl oi fifgram. Bmstm ie oæm oi bgy, em fmygræm oi ems is`uiems ilsiýml m egs istuoamltis m fifgrazmr ripatailog
ul bi`bg g ulm `atm bmstm qui si quifm tifpgrmefilti, m pismr oi qui ems pirsglms tailoil m gevaomr istm aljgrfm`aðl tml
prgltg `gfg ym lg em li`isatml y isti tapg oi fifgram rmrm viz `glou`i me ogfalag oi Ie fmtirame qui si istí fifgrazmlog.

Pu fifgram tmfdaál is ulg oi sus fmygris m`tavgs. _i mpgym il `mom írim oi tu vaom. _i ritg m bm`ir
`umequair `gsm sal utaeazmr tu fifgram. Pa lg tuvairm fifgram, em vaom siræm ixtrifmomfilti oajæ`ae, pgr oi`ar eg
filgs. Afmhælisi oispirtmrsi `mom oæm y gevaomr tgog eg qui mehulm viz supg. _iloræms qui ilsiýmrti m ta
fasfg `ðfg smear oi em `mfm, `ðfg vistarti, `ðfg `ipaeemrti egs oailtis, `ðfg oismyulmr y `ðfg `glou`ar ul
mutgfðvae. Isg siræm dmstmlti al`glvilailti. ^gr suirti lm`asti `gl ul hrml ri`uirog3 sgeg li`isatm qui si
ei fuistri `ðfg usmreg.
 

CXAC P_MT_ 

·@ðfg `meaja`mræm su fifgram il isti fgfiltg7 ·]uá mspi`tgs ti hustmræm fikgrmr7 _gfi luistrm
ivmeum`aðl oi fifgram il 
il  www.EafateissDggc.`gf/risgur`is pmrm iltiloir fís

Pa vm m rimeazmr ulm m`tumeazm`aðl afpgrtmlti il su `iridrg, quirrí eafatmr su fifgram, ym qui em fifgram is ulm
pmrti julomfiltme oi em fmygræm oi ems jul`aglis `iridrmeis. Omog qui isi is ie `msg, pirfætifi trmlquaeazmrti `gl
ul bi`bg fuy afpgrtmlti; lg ixasti ulm duilm fifgram g ulm fmem fifgram3 sgeg bmy ulm fifgram iltrilmom y
ulm fifgram lg iltrilmom. Pa taili prgdeifms pmrm ri`gromr egs lgfdris oi ems pirsglms, bm`ir prisiltm`aglis
sal lgtms g al`eusg il`gltrmr ems eemvis oi su mutgfðvae pgr em fmýmlm, is ixtrifmomfilti afprgdmdei qui istg si
oidm m qui is al`mpmz oi bm`ir istms `gsms. Il `mfdag, safpeifilti lg bms ri`adaog em `mpm`atm`aðl.

Kgsbum Jgir is ulm pruidm pgsatavm oi qui em fifgram puioi sir iltrilmom. Il 4>>9, Kgsbum irm ul piragoastm
qui si bmdæm il`mrhmog oi is`radar sgdri ie fulog pg`g `glg`aog oi egs mteitms filtmeis. Jms`almog pgr eg qui vag
il egs `gl`ursgs oi áeati oi fifgrazm`aðl, quiræm ois`udrar fís sgdri egs pmrta`apmltis. ^mrm su sgrprism, si
iltirð oi qui `msa tgogs egs pmrta`apmltis qui iltrivastð si ois`radæml m sæ fasfgs `gfg tilailog ulm fifgram
pgdri g prgfioag mltis oi mpriloir y prm`ta`mr egs pral`apags oi fifgrazm`aðl. Mbgrm istmdml `gfpatailog il egs
lavieis fís metgs oi istgs `gl`ursgs.

Jgir si oag `uiltm oi qui lg bmdæm ristra``aglis pmrm em fifgram y qui em fifgram si puioi iltrilmr
`gfg ulm bmdaeaomo mteáta`m. @gfilzð m prm`ta`mr eg qui mpriloað. Yl mýg oispuás, rihrisð me @mfpiglmtg oi
em Fifgram oi II. YY., ^irg istm viz `gfg `gfpitaogr. Ie oæm oie iviltg, mefgrzmfgs kultgs iltri
`gfpitil`ams y lgs fmrmvaeemfgs oie bi`bg oi qui m filuog eg qui pmri`i sir hilag il rimeaomo si puioi
mpriloir. Fís tmroi isi oæm, Jgir `geg`ð ie lûfirg ulg y si eeivð m `msm ie trgjig. Euihg pmsð m is`radar ie
eadrg allgvmogr  @mfalmtm
 @mfalmtm eulmr `gl Ialstial; ie mrti y em `ail`am oi ri`gromr tgog.

·^gr quá is tml afpgrtmlti em fifgram sa ti vms m eafatmr7 ^grqui su fifgram sarvi `gfg dmsi pmrm `mom
m``aðl qui tgfi mbgrm y `mom ulm qui tgfmrí il ie juturg. Afmhali `ðfg siræm sa su `gfputmogrm tuvairm
fuy pg`g ispm`ag oi mefm`ilmfailtg g tuvairm ul m``isg al`glsastilti m eg qui bmdæm mefm`ilmog. Em
fmygræm oi ems jul`aglis siræml `msa afpgsadeis oi rimeazmr; `gfilzmræm m is`radar ul filsmki oi `grrig
iei`trðla`g, y su `gfputmogrm pgoræm tilir g lg ie oistalmtmrag iltri sus `gltm`tgs y pgoræm g lg ri`gromr
`ðfg ilvamr ie filsmki oispuás oi bmdir is`ratg isg, y egs qui rimeazð eeivmræml ul taifpg
alsgpgrtmdeifilti emrhg failtrms su `gfputmogrm ois`udrað `ðfg bm`ireg.
 Pa dail bi `gfpmrmog luistrgs `iridrgs `gl ems supir`gfputmogrms, tgogs smdifgs qui sgl fu`bg fís qui isg.
]uazís em oajiril`am fís sahlaja`mtavm is luistrm `mpm`aomo oi rmzglmr, `glsaoirmr egs bi`bgs g em satum`aðl qui tilifgs
jrilti m lgsgtrgs, y m`tumr, allgvmr g lmvihmr m trmvás oi `ar`ulstml`ams dmsmoms il isgs bi`bgs y satum`aglis. Ie prg`isg
oi rmzglmfailtg.

riquairi qui pmsifgs pgr luistrg ra`g mefm`ál oi ri`uirogs, utaeazmlog birrmfailtms qui bml oifgstrmog sir ûtaeis il ie pmsmog
pmrm tgfmr oi`asaglis aljgrfmoms y prgou`tavms.
"Is afpgsadei pilsmr `rimtavmfilti il ie juturg sal tilir ulm aoim oi eg qui si smdi", is`radi em Orm. Ivi
Fmroir, prgjisgrm oi liurg`ail`am il em Ylavirsaomo oi Drmloias. ―@gfûlfilti oi`afgs qui istmfgs dus`mlog

pilsmogris altiroas`apealmrags y saltáta`gs qui puioml istmdei`ir `glixaglis iltri `mfpgs oaspmris y vir luivgs
`mfalgs pmrm ie ois`udrafailtg. Lg puiog afmhalmr il`gltrmr m isgs eæoiris `rimtavgs pmrm ie juturg iltri ems
eihaglis oi istuoamltis qui gevaoml tgog eg qui bml mpriloaog pgrqui puioil 'safpeifilti dus`mreg'. ·@ðfg si
smdi quá dus`mr sa si bm gevaomog tmltg7 =

Or. Xaeeamf T. Ceiff, m quail `glg`afgs

`glg`afgs il @mpætueg =4
=4  , lgs om `al`g rmzglis pgr ems `umeis
Fikgrmr em fifgram is isil`ame;

=) Em fifgrazm`aðl is ulm oas`apealm pmrm em filti. Fuy li`ismrag il ulm ápg`m il qui tmltgs
ems filtis sgl vmhms, oastrmæoms, tailil pg`g il quá pilsmr g pailsml ois`uaomomfilti. Em fifgrazm`aðl myuom m
iltrilmr em filti pmrm iljg`mrsi y sir trmdmkmogr.

4) Lg, lg saifpri puiois "dus`mreg il Hgghei". M vi`is lg tailis m``isg m

Altirlit. Q lg tgog eg afpgrtmlti istí il em wid (y ulm hrml `mltaomo oi dmsurm aarrieivmlti
rrieivmlti m`gfpmýmrí
`umequair dûsquiom). _mfpg`g is ûtae dus`mr fmtirame il satum`aglis tmeis `gfg `umlog mpriloi m usmr
ul aoagfm ixtrmlkirg, oidi is`radar g bmdemr oi fmlirm ixtifpgrílim g oisim sir ul ixpirtg.

0) Em fifgrazm`aðl `rim ie riPirtgari oi eg qui pilsmfgs. Lmoai puioi

pilsmr il ul vm`æg oi aljgrfm`aðl. Pir ul ixpirtg il `umequair `mfpg riquairi ie `glg`afailtg qui ym
tailis.

?) ^ilsmfgs `gl ems aoims mefm`ilmoms il em fifgram oi trmdmkg, m ems qui sgeg si puioi m``ioir
m metm sPiio Argf em fifgram mefm`ilmom oie `iridrg. Ie iltiloafailtg si lutri oi em aljgrfm`aðl qui
taili il em fifgram oi trmdmkg failtrms pailsm. Pal isi `glg`afailtg, tilifgs ulm filti eeilm oi pmpaeem.

9) Ie ikir`a`ag oi em fifgram oismrrgeem ul isquifm oi mpriloazmki y fifgram qui

@mpm`aomo pmrm mpriloir fikgrmom. @umltg fís ri`uiroms, fís ti emtm
mpriloir. 4

]uairg iljmtazmr isti ûetafg pultg. Lg is pri`asg qui su fifgram jul`agli `gfg ul `gltiliogr, ulm tmzm g ul oas`g
ourg, ym qui ulm viz qui istí eeilm oi omtgs, ym lg `mdi fís. Is fís `gfg ul fûs`ueg pgrqui `umltg fís eg iltrilms,
fís juirti si vuievi y fís puiois mefm`ilmr.
Il isti `mpætueg, vmfgs m oas`utar mehulms birrmfailtms y tá`la`ms oasiýmoms pmrm
pmr m iltrilmr su fifgram.
Mpea`mrí egs pral`apags dísa`gs oi em filti y oismrrgeemrí
oismrr geemrí su fifgram oi tme fmlirm qui ie mpriloazmki
mpr iloazmki
 (ri`gromr) sim fís lmturme, jí`ae y oavirtaog. Pal ifdmrhg, ie fís julomfiltme oi istgs is ie sahuailti;

ri`uirom saifpri m FGF, ul oaspgsatavg flifgtá`la`g qui `riá pmrm m`tavmr tu fifgram me alstmlti;

F is Agr Fgtavm`aðl; Ie safpei bi`bg is qui tilifgs fu`bms fís prgdmdaeaomois oi ri`gromr `gsms
qui istmfgs fgtavmogs m ri`gromr. Pa mehuail ti oa`i; "Gyi, ri`uirom luistrm eemfmom fmýmlm", puiois
ri`gromr g lg qui bmyms prghrmfmog ulm eemfmom `gl ism pirsglm. Pa il `mfdag oa`i; "Gyi, sa
ri`uiroms luistrm eemfmom fmýmlm, ti omrá $ 9,>>>", oijalatavmf
oijalatavmfilti
ilti ri`gromrís qui bms prghrmfmog em

eemfmom. Is mdrufmogrmfilti fís prgdmdei qui ri`uiroi mehg `umlog taili ulm juirti fgtavm`aðl pmrm
bm`ireg. ^gr eg tmltg, sa oisim iltrilmrsi pmrm tilir ulm fifgram fís juirti, oási ulm fgtavm`aðl fís
juirti pmrm bm`ireg. Ems rmzglis `gsi`bml risuetmogs, msæ qui ri`uirom ie ri`uirog pirsglme. Pa puiois
`glvil`irti oi qui bmy vmegr il ritilir ul ri`uirog, bmy fu`bms pgsadaeaomois oi qui eg bmhms.

G is Agr Gdsirvm`aðl; ·@gl quá jri`uil`am gevaoms ie lgfdri oi mehuail tml prgltg `gfg eg is`u`bms7 Is
prgdmdei qui em rmzðl pgr em qui lg istuvairms pristmlog mtil`aðl `umlog is`u`bmsti isi lgfdri. _me viz
istmdms farmlog merioiogr oi em bmdatm`aðl pmrm vir m quaál fís `glg`æms. ]uazís tgomvæm istmdms pilsmlog
il ulm `glvirsm`aðl qui m`mdms oi tilir. ^gr mehulm rmzðl, lg istmdms `gfpeitmfilti prisilti. Em fmygræm
oi ems vi`is, `umlog lg ri`gromfgs mehg, ie prgdeifm lg is ritil`agl
is  ritil`agl salg fís dail mtil`aðl.
mtil`aðl.  Pa ti tgfms il
sirag mufiltmr tu fifgram, pripírmti pmrm istmr rimefilti prisilti il `umequair satum`aðl il em qui quairms
ri`gromr mehg.

F is Agr Fátgogs; Il ie trmls`ursg oi isti `mpætueg, ei prgpgr`aglmrá ul `glkultg oi birrmfailtms qui

pgorí usmr `umlog oisii ri`gromr mehg. Msihûrmti oi eeivmregs saifpri il tu kuihg oi birrmfailtms
filtmeis y msihûrmti oi ifpeimregs bmstm ie pultg il qui si `glvairtml il ulm sihulom lmturmeizm.

IE ^MLMOITG FÍP FIFGTMDEI

Ems pgsadaeaomois oi ri`gromr mehg mufiltml ormfíta`mfilti sa ems pirsglms puioil mokultmr ul pultg oi rijiril`am
m eg qui istíl trmtmlog oi ri`gromr. Bm`i vmrags mýgs, oispuás oi ul istuoag qui prgdð em `mpm`aomo oi ems pirsglms
pmrm pglir lgfdris m ems `mrms, ie alvistahmogr * aeeaml @gbil m`uýð ie lgfdri oi eg qui si `glg`að `gfg em pmrmogkm
oie pmlmoirg / pmlmoirg. Il ie istuoag, m egs pmrta`apmltis si eis fgstrmrgl jgtghrmjæms oi rgstrgs, si eis gjri`airgl egs
lgfdris y oavirsgs oitmeeis sgdri ems pirsglms il ems jgtghrmjæms, y euihg si eis paoað qui euihg ri`gromrml egs
lgfdris. Ie istuoag fgstrð qui ems pirsglms tilæml fu`bgs fís prgdeifms pmrm ri`gromr egs mpieeaogs qui pmrm ems
g`upm`aglis, al`eusg `umlog ie mpieeaog y em g`upm`aðl irml em fasfm pmemdrm. Iltgl`is, pgr ikifpeg, risuetð sir
fu`bg fís jí`ae pmrm ul pmrta`apmlti ri`gromr qui mehuail irm pmlmoirg qui su mpieeaog irm Dmcir.

Zgevmfgs m Kgsbum Jgir ul fgfiltg pmrm ulm ixpea`m`aðl;

 @umlog is`u`bms qui ie bgfdri oi em jgtg is pmlmoirg, isi bi`bg si al`rustm il tgom ulm rio oi
aoims sgdri eg qui sahlaja`m sir pmlmoirg; `g`alm pml, usm ul hrml sgfdrirg deml`g, buiei dail `umlog
eeihm m `msm oie trmdmkg

Ie lgfdri oi Dmcir, pgr gtrg emog, istí mtmog sgeg m ul ri`uirog oi em `mrm oi em pirsglm. Isi
væl`ueg is tilui, y sa si oasuievi, ie lgfdri jegtmrí arrifioamdeifilti il ie aljrmfulog oi egs
ri`uirogs piroaogs. ^irg `umlog si trmtm oi em prgjisaðl oie bgfdri, bmy vmrams `moilms pmrm
ri`upirmr em fifgram.

Al`eusg sa me pral`apag lg ri`uirom qui ie bgfdri is pmlmoirg, quazís tilhm ulm vmhm silsm`aðl oi
mfpeatuo sgdri áe g vim mehulm msg`am`aðl iltri su rgstrg y ul hrml sgfdrirg deml`g, g tme viz ivgqui
ul ri`uirog oi su prgpag vi`alomrag pmlmoiræm. Bmy fu`bgs luogs il ism fmrmým oi msg`am`aglis qui
si rifgltml m su prgjisaðl. 0

Eg qui em ^mrmogkm pmlmoirg / pmlmoirg aeustrm pmrm lgsgtrgs is qui `rimr msg`am`aglis pmrm lgsgtrgs fasfgs prgdmdeifilti
mufiltmrí orísta`mfilti luistrgs
luistrgs ri`uirogs. Egs ikir`a`ags il ems sahuailtis píhalms sgl birrmfailtms il isti siltaog qui bi
il`gltrmog pmrta`uemrfilti iji`tavms.

TI@GTOMLOG YLM HTML GJIT_M OI ALJGTFM@AÐL

Ylm oi ems `gsms qui bmhg rihuemrfilti `umlog bmdeg `gl hrupgs hrmlois is pioarei m egs faifdrgs oi em
muoail`am qui mrrgkil ul hrupg oi pmemdrms me mzmr, il mehûl euhmr iltri trialtm y `ail, qui euihg ripitará, bm`am
mtrís y bm`am moiemlti. Lul`m oikm oi ri`adar ulm rim``aðl msgfdrmom oi em fuetatuo, pirg isg lg is eg qui istgy
dus`mlog. Il `mfdag, bmhg istg pmrm `ruzmr ul pultg `emvi; qui tgogs tailil em `mpm`aomo oi bm`ir eg fasfg.

Qm bifgs bmdemog oi em afpgrtml`am oi em fifgram pmrm rimeazmr `msa tgoms ems jul`aglis `iridrmeis. Pa vms m
eafatmr tu `iridrg y, pgr eg tmltg, m eafatmrti m ta fasfg, oidis eafatmr tu fifgram. Istg sahlaja`m iltrilmr su fifgram
bmstm ie pultg il qui puiom ritilir ulm hrml `mltaomo oi aljgrfm`aðl y pirfatarei ul jí`ae m``isg m ism aljgrfm`aðl.
Eg qui bmhg il ie is`ilmrag `gl em eastm oi `ail pmemdrms pgoræm tilir ie afpm`tg alfioamtg oi ul tru`g oi smeðl, pirg
`ðfg fi iltrilá pmrm bm`ireg is m trmvás oi ulm tá`la`m qui `umequairm puioi usmr pmrm ri`gromr y m``ioir m
fu`bm aljgrfm`aðl. ]uazís il su `msg siml ems ispi`aja`m`aglis pmrm tgom su eælim oi prgou`tgs. G tme viz is ulm
emrhm `moilm oi jðrfuems fmtifíta`ms. _me viz siml ems alstru``aglis pmrm eeihmr m tgoms ems pmrmoms oi tu vamki
`gfpmrtaog il em prí`ta`m oi lmtm`aðl. Pim eg qui sim, istm birrmfailtm puioi myuomr.

^gr ie dail oi isti ikir`a`ag, bmdeifgs sgdri `ðfg fifgrazmr ulm eastm oi pmemdrms. Em tá`la`m sirí em fasfm
aloipiloailtifilti,, pirg sirí fís jí`ae ixpea`írsieg sa pgoifgs `iltrmrlgs il mehg il pmrta`uemr.
aloipiloailtifilti

M `gltalum`aðl, ei prgpgr`aglmfgs ulm eastm oi pmemdrms safpeis. Pu tmrim is fifgrazmregs il ie groil il

qui si oml. Lg pmsi fís oi 0> sihulogs farmlog em eastm, euihg pmsi em píhalm. * Duilm suirti!
 Dg`m oi al`iloag Oamfmlti

Hegdg @mdmeeirg

Dmtiræm Duiy

Dmrrae ^mstm oiltme

_mdeirg Jarfmr

·@uíe jui ie fátgog qui utaeazð pmrm ri`gromr istm eastm7 ·Tipitasti ems pmemdrms il tu `mdizm ulm y gtrm viz7
^gr ikifpeg, ·si oi`æm m sæ fasfg "dg`m oi al`iloags, hegdg, dmtiræm, dg`m oi al`iloags, hegdg, dmtiræm, dg`m oi
al`iloags, hegdg, dmtiræm, dmrrae, it`." ·Ois`udrasti qui li`isatmdms ripitar ems pmemdrms ulm y gtrm viz, bmstm qui
si quiomrgl il tu `mdizm7 ·Altiltmsti vir ems pmemdrms `gfg afíhilis il tu filti7 Em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms
usm ulg g ulm `gfdalm`aðl oi egs ogs prafirgs fátgogs ois`ratgs. Ie prg`isg oi oi`ar g is`radar aljgrfm`aðl
ripitaomfilti
ripitaomfil ti pmrm ri`gromrem si eemfm mpriloazmki oi ripita`aðl, tmfdaál `glg`aog `gfg mpriloazmki oi fifgram.

Is pgsadei qui bmym utaeazmog ie mpriloazmki oi fifgram il ie sihulog hrmog pmrm ri`gromr sus tmdems oi
fuetapea`mr. _i oaræms m ta fasfg "saiti vi`is saiti is `umriltm y luivi, saiti vi`is saiti is `umriltm y luivi, saiti
vi`is saiti. . . . " G puioi bmdireg is`ratg "8 Ø 8 6
?1, 8 Ø 8 6 ?1, 8 Ø 8 6 ?1 "y `gltalumræm eeilmlog su bgkm oi pmpie. Isti tmfdaál
tmfdaál is prgdmdeifilti ie fátgog qui usmsti
il em is`uiem prafmram pmrm mpriloir m oieitrimr. Is pgsadei qui su fmistrg ei bmym pioaog qui oieitrii ulm pmemdrm
`gfg saeem
`gfg saeem 9> vi`is il ulm bgkm oi pmpie. Eg qui istmdm su`ioailog irm qui su `mpm`aomo oi mpriloazmki lmturme istmdm
sailog sgjg`mom. Mdurræms tu filti `gltalumfilti `gl isti fátgog bmstm qui jalmefilti ti riloasti y oakasti
oakasti ¡_û
 ¡_û hmlms!
^gr `iltásafm viz, @geðl oisifdmr`ð il =?14, ¡Lg oidi bmdir fís oi isti `mltg! 

Em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms il`uiltrml qui mpriloir oi fifgram is ul prg`isg fuy tioagsg y mdurraog. Hrmvm tu filti y
is ixtrifmomfilti alija`mz pmrm ri`gromr em fmygræm oi ems `gsms. Pmdifgs qui bmstm ie 29 pgr `ailtg oi em aljgrfm`aðl qui
si tgfm ie taifpg pmrm ri`gromr
r i`gromr oi istm fmlirm si pairoi il sgeg ?2 bgrms. Is pgr isg qui mehulgs istuoamltis il`uiltrml em
li`isaomo oi mdmrrgtmr, pgrqui smdil qui ie fmtirame si piroirí il ul pirægog oi taifpg fuy `grtg.

M^TILOA[MKI ^TAFMTAG
Ylm oi ems rmzglis pgr ems `umeis ie mpriloazmki oi fifgram is alija`ailti is pgrqui sgeg alvgeu`rm ulm piquiým pmrti oi su
`iridrg. Istís utaeazmlog ulm pmrti fís mlmeæta`m oi tu `iridrg pmrm prg`ismr aljgrfm`aðl y mefm`ilmr eg qui li`isatms mpriloir.
Me afpeifiltmr ie mpriloazmki oi fifgram, sgeg `gfprgfitis ulm pmrti oi tu filti y ulm pgr`aðl mûl fís piquiým oi tu
pgtil`ame.
Il ie sastifm iou`mtavg trmoa`aglme, prgdmdeifilti mpriloað oi istm fmlirm il tifms `gfg;

Bastgram; "@meval @ggeaohi jui ie trahásafg prisaoilti oi egs Istmogs Ylaogs, @ggeaohi
 0>, 0> @ggeaohi. . . "

y quæfa`m; "* Eu`gsm @:B=4G:, * eu`gsm @:B=4G:, * eu`gsm @:B=4G:. . . "

Jrml`ás; " @gfiltmrag meeiz-vgus ·sahlaja`m `ðfg istís7' @gfiltmrag meeiz-vgus ·sahlaja`m `ðfg istís7' @ gffilt
@ gffilt
meeiz-vgus is '·`ðfg istís7' . . . "

Em eastm sahui y sahui y sahui y sahui. Em prihultm qui oidi bm`irsi mbgrm; "·Is em jgrfm il qui mpriloæ il

em is`uiem prafmram ie fikgr fátgog pmrm mpriloir bgy7" Em rispuistm is fuy prgdmdeifilti lg. Il em is`uiem,
ti ilsiýmrgl ems tris T; ei`turm, 'ratg y' rætfa`g (ulm fmem grtghrmjæm lg irm ulm oi ieems). Paifpri pilsá qui em
`umrtm T oidiræm bmdir saog ritarmom. Pus riquasatgs pmrm mpriloir bml `mfdamog fu`bg m eg emrhg oi egs mýgs.
Ie mpriloazmki pgr ripita`aðl tuvg mehulgs risuetmogs oi`iltis `umlog irms fís kgvil, pirg il ie fulog oi
bgy, ti oikmrí mbghmog il aljgrfm`aðl y jmtahm filtme. (Lgtm; em pmemdrm

rutalm eatirmefilti sahlaja`m "ulm ripita`aðl arrijeixavm g ulm fifgrazm`aðl fi`íla`m")

Il istm si``aðl, ti fgstrmrá ems bmdaeaomois pmrm ri`gromr oi fmlirm fís iji`tavm oi eg qui `riæms
pgsadei. Istms bmdaeaomois eg myuomríl m riifpemzmr ie siltafailtg oi ispirmlzm qui ri`gromrí
r i`gromrí `gl ie
siltafailtg oi `gljamlzm oi smdir qui em aljgrfm`aðl qui pgsii istmrí oaspgladei, saifpri qui em li`isati.

Mbgrm, tðfisi ul falutg y, sal farmr mtrís, altilti ri`upirmr em eastm il ie groil il qui si prisiltð.
Is`radm tgog eg qui puiom ri`gromr. _ðfmti ul falutg y bmz istg mbgrm.

·@gfg ba`asti7 Pa ustio is `gfg em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms, prgdmdeifilti puog ritilir mehulms oi ems pmemdrms il

em eastm.

CXAC P_MT_ 

Mbgrm altiltifgs mehg fís. _ðfmti ul falutg y istarm. Tisparm prgjulomfilti mehulms vi`is. Oispikm tu
filti y rieíkmti fís `gl `mom risparm`aðl qui mdmloglm tu `uirpg. Pgeg tðfmti ul fgfiltg y rieíkmti.
@umlog tirfalis, `gltalûm.

Euihg, msihûrmti oi istmr `ðfgog i afmhalm qui istís pmrmog kultg m ulm dg`m oi al`iloags hahmlti, em
 fís hrmloi qui bmyms vastg. Mbgrm, `gegqui ul fgltðl oi hegdgs il em pmrti supiragr oi em dg`m oi

al`iloags. Bmy tmltgs hegdgs qui sm`m ie baormlti oie suieg pmrm qui jegti metg il ie `aieg. Euihg, oi ripilti,
is hgepimog `gl ulm `mrhm oi dmtiræms y ixpegtm. Ems dmtiræms si emlzml me `aieg il hrmlois dmrraeis. egs

Egs dmrraeis si emlzml `gl ulm tmdem oi fmoirm `gfg ul dmeml`æl. Ie tmdeirg istí sailog iquaeadrmog pgr ul hrml
oamfmlti, ulm hrml paiorm draeemlti draeemlti. Iltgl`is ul `mdmeeirg `gl ulm mrfmourm draeemlti tgfm ie oamfmlti y
buyi. Típaomfilti eg oituvg ul duiy. Em ûla`m jgrfm oi pmsmr is `ipaeemr egs oailtis oie duiy `gl pmstm oi
oailtis. Ie duiy si bm`i m ul emog y riviem ul hrml `mrtie oi liðl `gl em pmemdrm Jiea`aomois
pmemdrm Jiea`aomois il áe, y euihg bmy

ulm hrml ixpegsaðl.

Mbgrm tðfmti ul falutg, `airrm egs gkgs y rivasm istm piquiým bastgram. ^uioi vgevir m eiir em bastgram sa is
li`ismrag. Bmhm istg mbgrm mltis oi `gltalumr.

CXAC P_MT_ 

Pal farmr mtrís, is`radi em bastgram.

@gfg ym smdrí, `glvirtafgs su eastm il ulm bastgram. Mbgrm ripmsi em bastgram il su filti y ilufiri
tgoms ems pmemdrms qui puiom ri`gromr. Zirajaqui sus rispuistms y is`radm ie lûfirg qui gdtuvg
`grri`tmfilti.
·@ðfg ti jui em sihulom viz7 Pa ustio is `gfg em fmygræm oi egs istuoamltis, puog ri`gromr fís pmemdr
pmemdrms
ms qui
mltis. Eg sgrpriloilti is qui ulm viz qui `gfail`i m iltrilmr su fifgram oi istm fmlirm, puioi usmr istm
birrmfailtm pmrm fifgrazmr hrmlois
hrmlois `mltaomois oi aljgrfm`aðl. Bi usmog istm tá`la`m pmrm myuomr m egs m`tgris m
mpriloir tgoms sus eælims il ul huaðl, pmrm myuomr m egs istuoamltis m fifgrazmr em tmdem piraðoa`m y pmrm myuomr m
egs viloiogris m bmdemr sgdri ul prgou`tg `gl ul lavie oi hrmluemraomo qui bazg qui pmri`airm qui bmdæml oasiýmog
ie mrtæ`ueg. sæ fasfgs. Ti`uiroi qui lg ixasti ulm duilm fifgram g ulm fmem fifgram, sgeg ulm fifgram iltrilmom
g ulm fifgram lg iltrilmom. Ifpeimr istm birrmfailtm rihuemrfilti ti omrí ie tapg oi iltrilmfailtg me qui puiois
m``ioir il tgog tapg oi satum`aglis.

PY ILJG]YI M@_AZG IL EM FIFGTAM

Isti is ul `gl`iptg fuy afpgrtmlti; em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms iljg`m ie mpriloazmki `gfg ulm m`tavaomo pmsavm.
Il`uiltrml aljgrfm`aðl il eadrgs, lgtms g `gljiril`ams y sa ie fmtirame is mdsgrdaog, ¡hilame! ^irg sa lg is msæ,
sailtil qui lg bmy lmom qui puioml bm`ir. Istm pirspi`tavm pmsavm is ie iljgqui oi m`irtmr g jmeemr. Pgstaili qui
sa em aljgrfm`aðl si pihm, is fís ie risuetmog oi em suirti y em ripita`aðl qui ie iljgqui y em bmdaeaomo. Me mogptmr
ul iljgqui fís m`tavg pmrm ie mpriloazmki, gdtilorí fikgris risuetmogs y em smtasjm``aðl qui `gleeivm em
pmrta`apm`aðl y em `gl`ail`am pirsglme. Ie mpriloazmki pmsavg is oádae3 Ie mpriloazmki m`tavg is juirti.
 

 
 

Zasumeazm`aðl
_u fifgram vasume is fuy pgoirgsm. Me vir ems afíhilis qui paltm ulm bastgram y lg sgeg ems pmemdrms qui
riprisiltml isms afíhilis,
afíhilis, ustio `rim ul fioag fís juirti pmrm ri`gromr. Ie pilsmfailtg si rimeazm fioamlti
ie usg oi afíhilis. Bmz istg mbgrm; pailsm il tu `mfm. ·]uá vasumeazmsti7 _me viz vasti ul `ge`bðl tmfmýg
quiil, `gl ulm `mdi`irm oi fmoirm, sídmlms mzue fmralg y mefgbmoms hahmltis. ^rgdmdeifilti lg vasti ems
pmemdrms bgkms
pmemdrms  bgkms mzue fmralg y mefgbmoms hahmltis il tu filti3 vasti jgtgs oi ieegs. Msæ is `gfg pailsm tu filti.
Pa ouom oi istg, prihûltisi, ·si il`uiltrm sgýmlog jri`uiltifilti `gl pmemdrms7 ^rgdmdeifilti lg.
Ti`uiroi qui ulm afmhil vmei fís qui fae pmemdrms!

Msg`am`aðl
Istm is em `emvi pmrm em fifgram y tgog ie mpriloazmki; pmrm mpriloir `umequair aljgrfm`aðl luivm, oidi
istmr msg`amom `gl mehg qui ym `glg`is.
Zmei em pilm ripitar istg. ^mrm ri`gromr `umequair aljgrfm`aðl luivm, oidi msg`amrem `gl mehg qui ym
smdi. Bms bi`bg istg tgom tu vaom3 Is pgsadei qui lg eg bmyms lgtmog. Mquæ bmy ulm pruidm safpei. ·]uá ti
vaili m em filti `umlog pailsms il ulm `irizm7 ]uazís rgkg, oue`i, jrutm, pmstie, rioglog, sifaeems, it`.
Istms sgl pmemdrms i afíhilis qui bm mpriloaog m val`uemr m ulm `irizm. Msg`amsti mehg qui smdæms m mehg
qui lg smdæms. Ytaeazm em msg`am`aðl pmrm mlomr il da`a`eitm, `gfir, `glvirsmr y mpriloir m bm`ir `umequair
`gsm. Oi em fasfm fmlirm, me bm`ir ulm bastgram `gl ems pmemdrms oi su eastm, ems msg`að `gls`ailtifilti
pmrm ri`gromrems fís jí`aefilti. Pu filti istí `glstmltifilti bm`ailog allufirmdeis msg`am`aglis `mom
falutg, em fmygræm sal su `gl`ail`am. Msæ is `gfg mprilois. ·_ailis ulm `ml`aðl qui ti ri`uiroi m ulm
pirsglm ispi`ame7 Isi ri`uirog is ulm msg`am`aðl. ·_ailis ul gegr qui ti ri`uiroi ul fgfiltg oi tu
aljml`am7 Isi ri`uirog is ulm msg`am`aðl. ·^gr quá lg usmr istm aljgrfm`aðl y bm`ir msg`am`aglis
`gls`ailtifilti pmrm mpriloir oi fmlirm fís iji`tavm7
 

 
 

Ifg`aðl
Mhrihmr ifg`aðl bm`i qui mehg sim fifgrmdei. Em aljgrfm`aðl il sæ fasfm is gevaomdei, pirg em aljgrfm`aðl
`gfdalmom `gl em ifg`aðl si `glvairti il ul ri`uirog m emrhg pemzg. @umlog mhrihmfgs ifg`aglis m mehg, eg
bm`ifgs mvilturirg, eg bm`ifgs eeilg oi m``aðl, eg bm`ifgs bufgræsta`g y is fu`bg fís prgdmdei qui eg
ri`groifgs.

Yda`m`aðl
Pgfgs fuy duilgs pmrm ri`gromr euhmris pgrqui, `gfg `mzmogris-ri`gei`tgris, lg li`isatídmfgs ri`gromr
lûfirgs y pmemdrms, pirg li`isatídmfgs ri`gromr oðloi istmdml ems `gsms. Li`isatídmfgs smdir oðloi istmdm
ie mhum eafpam, oðloi istmdm ie suieg jártae, oðloi istmdm em `gfaom. Pa puioi msg`amr mehg `gl ul euhmr, is fís
prgdmdei qui eg ri`uiroi.
Istms sgl mehulms oi ems `emvis pmrm tilir ulm hrml fifgram3 Ie ristg oi isti `mpætueg istmrí oioa`mog m
fgstrmrei tá`la`ms y mpea`m`aglis ispi`æja`ms qui puioi utaeazmr il oajiriltis satum`aglis. Pa lg tuvg fu`bm suirti
`gl em bastgram oi em fifgram, lg si prig`upi. Istg is `gfprilsadei, is pgsadei qui sgeg li`isati ul pg`g oi
prí`ta`m. Em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms lg bml usmog su afmhalm`aðl oisoi qui irml laýgs. Is pgsadei qui oisii
rivasmr em bastgram vmrams vi`is, ym qui sirí ul duil ikir`a`ag pmrm su filti `rimtavm. Bm`ireg mbgrm.

_ilhm il `uiltm qui tmfdaál puioi ripmsmr em bastgram me rivás3 Ems msg`am`aglis puioil omrei em eastm il `umequair groil.
^rm`ta`m istg y `gfpruádmeg pgr ta fasfg.
Oidiræms istmr rimefilti msgfdrmog. ^mrm em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms, utaeazmlog fátgogs oi fifgram, si tmrom
iltri => y 0> falutgs il fifgrazmr istm eastm y `gl risuetmogs fuy tifpgrmeis. Pal ifdmrhg, ois`udrarí qui istm
bastgram, qui lg tmroð fís oi ul falutg il mpriloir, istmrí oaspgladei pmrm qui ri`uiroi oæms g al`eusg sifmlms m
pmrtar oi mbgrm sal rivasmrem ulm viz. Isti is ie pgoir oi trmdmkmr oi fmlirm altieahilti y lg oajæ`ae. Isti is ie pgoir
oi tu afmhalm`aðl. Isti is ie pgoir oi tu filti. Zmfgs m altiltmreg oi luivg.

YL IKIT@A@AG OI FIFGTAM CXAC

^æomei m ul mfahg qui ei oá ulm eastm oi => pmemdrms me mzmr. G puioi bm`ir ulm eastm ustio fasfg; pmrm
bm`ir istg eg fís meimtgrag pgsadei, tgfi ie fioag afprisg fís `ir`mlg oaspgladei, ym sim ul eadrg, ul
piraðoa`g, ulm rivastm g ul vgemlti oi su supirfir`mog eg`me. Ysi ems prafirms pmemdrms sustmltavms il egs
prafirgs => pírrmjgs qui vi (il gtrms pmemdrms, lg usi `gsms `gfg Qg,
`gfg  Qg, ie, `umlog, it`.), msihurílogsi oi lg
usmr lalhulm pmemdrm fís oi ulm viz. Mlðtiegs.

Mbgrm vgetii ie pmpie il ie qui is`radað istms pmemdrms i altilti is`radar em eastm luivmfilti, il groil.
 @gfpruidm eg qui is`radasti `gl em eastm grahalme. ·@gfg ba`asti7 ^rgdmdeifilti lg ri`uiroms egs =>, pirg
prgdmdeifilti tmfpg`g gevaomsti egs =>. Isg is alstru`tavg, pgrqui ie hilag oikm pastms, `gl eg qui quairg
oi`ar qui tu altieahil`am allmtm ti ilsiým m`ir`m oi tu altieahil`am. Bmdæm ul fátgog qui ti pirfatæm
fifgrazmr eg qui ba`asti, y puiois m``ioir m isg pmrm pmsmr me sahuailti pmsg.

Oæhmsi il vgz metm `uíe oi ems pmemdrms ri`gromdm y pgr quá `rii qui ri`gromdm isms pmemdrms. Bm`ireg ti
myuomrí m `gfpriloir `ðfg fifgrazms ems `gsms. ^gr ikifpeg, bmy ulm duilm pgsadaeaomo oi qui ri`uirois
em prafirm pmemdrm y em ûetafm pmemdrm. Isti is isi jilðfilg `gfûl qui oas`utafgs il 
il@
  mpætueg ? `glg`aog
`gfg prafm`æm y m`tumeaomo, ogloi ems pirsglms tailoil m ri`gromr eg prafirg y eg fís ri`ailti qui

is`u`bmrgl il ulm satum`aðl omom. ·]uá gtrms pmemdrms ti m`gromsti7 ·Istms pmemdrms tailil mehg il
`gfûl, `gfg qui tgoms `gfailzml `gl em fasfm eitrm g sgl tgoms pmemdrms oi m``aðl7 ·]uá ti oa`i istg7
·Ems gtrms pmemdrms qui fifgrazmsti istmdml grhmlazmoms oi mehulm fmlirm7 ·Ivg`mrgl mehûl tapg oi
ifg`aðl il ta7 ·Bmdæm mehg ûla`g il mehulm oi ems pmemdrms qui ri`gromdms7

Eg qui prgdmdeifilti bmym mpriloaog il isti pultg is qui ems pmemdrms qui puog ri`gromr il su prafir pmsi
tilæml `airtms `umeaomois sgdri ieems. Ems pmemdrms qui lg ri`gromdms lg eghrmrgl tilir lalhulm `umeaomo qui ti
risglmsi. Iltgl`is, `riifgs ul prg`isg ogloi `mom pmemdrm tilhm ulm `meaomo fifgrmdei.

@uáltisi ulm bastgram usmlog istms => pmemdrms, pmsmlog oi ulm pmemdrm m em sahuailti. Lg istís
trmtmlog oi hmlmr ulm `gfpitil`am eatirmram `gl istm bastgram, y lg afpgrtm sa em bastgram taili fu`bg
siltaog. Eg afpgrtmlti is qui prgpgr`agli mehûl tapg oi oitmeei afmhalmtavg pmrm tgoms ems pmemdrms il
su eastm (pgr ikifpeg, sa ulm oi sus pmemdrms is juirm
is  juirm oi, afmhalm qui istís il ul `mfpg vmstg) y qui
"val`uems" tus pmemdrms il em bastgram il ie groil il qui mpmri`il il tu eastm me `rimr ulm afmhil pmrm
`mom ulm. Ti`uiroi, `umltg fís ifg`aglmeis y ixmhirmogs siml, fikgr ri`gromrí.

Mbgrm, il ulm bgkm oi pmpie sipmrmom, is`radm em eastm luivmfilti, usmlog em bastgram qui `rið pmrm
ri`gromrei ems pmemdrms y ie groil il qui mpmri`airgl. ·@ðfg ti jui istm viz7 @gl tgom prgdmdaeaomo, eg
ba`asti fikgr, mulqui bmy ulm duilm pgsadaeaomo oi qui mûl lg egs bmyms gdtilaog tgogs.

Mbgrm is`radm em eastm luivmfilti (sal farmr lalhulm virsaðl mltiragr oi em eastm qui `rið), pirg istm
viz is`rædmem me rivás. _ilorí qui m``ioir m em bastgram qui alviltð oi ulm fmlirm oajirilti pmrm
bm`ir istg, pirg istg rimefilti myuomrí m degquimr istms pmemdrms pmrm ustio.

Il isti pultg, prgdmdeifilti bmyms fifgrazmog em fmygræm, sa lg tgoms, ems pmemdrms oi tu eastm. Me fasfg taifpg,
is prgdmdei qui si prihulti `ðfg istg eg myuomrí m ri`gromr tgogs egs oitmeeis il ulm prisiltm`aðl qui istí omlog.
 IL_TIHMT YLM HTML GJIT_M OI ALJGTFM@AÐL PAL LG_MP

@gfg bifgs oas`utaog, su fifgram is julomfiltme pmrm `msa tgog eg qui bm`i. Timefilti lg bmy jgrfm oi
eadirmrsi sal tilir ulm fifgram dail iltrilmom, pgrqui em fifgram hgdairlm su `mpm`aomo oi rmzglmr,
`me`uemr pgsadeis risuetmogs y

pmrm sirvar `gfg ul ri`ursg pmrm egs oifís. Q m vi`is sgeg li`isatm pgoir iltrihmr ulm `mltaomo
sahlaja`mtavm oi aljgrfm`aðl m ulm pirsglm g hrupg oi pirsglms m em viz. Istg pgoræm tgfmr em jgrfm oi
iltrihmr ul aljgrfi m su kultm, omr ul oas`ursg m ulm msmfdeim, `gfpmrtar su ixpirail`am il ul tifm jrilti m
su `emsi, g `umequair gtrm satum`aðl. Q il fu`bgs oi istgs `msgs, is julomfiltme qui puiom bm`ir istg sal

tilir lalhulm lgtm il jrilti, pgrqui ems lgtms suhiraræml qui istí filgs virsmog il ie fmtirame oi eg qui
oidiræm sir.

Bi istmog ilsiýmlog m iki`utavgs oi ifprisms, istuoamltis, m`tgris y gtrgs ulm tá`la`m trmoa`aglme pmrm
bm`ir sus prisiltm`aglis sal lgtms. Q `umlog oahg trmoa`aglme, quairg oi`ar istg eatirmefilti. Ie fátgog qui
ilsiýg y qui vgy m `gfpmrtar `gl ustiois mbgrm is ulm virsaðl oie fátgog eg`a, mehg qui bm ixastaog pgr
fís oi
4.9>> mýgs.
Em eiyilom oitrís oie fátgog oi eg`a is qui ie * pgitm fmegeailti Pafglaois oi @igs sgdrivavað me `gempsg oi ul
ioaja`ag qui fmtð m tgogs egs oifís msastiltis. @umlog egs jul`aglmrags altiltmrgl aoiltaja`mr m ems væ`tafms, Pafglaois
irm em ûla`m pirsglm qui pgoæm myuomrems, pgrqui ri`gromdm quaális irml ems væ`tafms il jul`aðl oi oðloi si
il`gltrmdml il ie fgfiltg oie `gempsg. Il ie prg`isg, Pafglaois `rið ulm birrmfailtm oi fifgram qui is tml
iji`tavm bgy `gfg eg jui il 9>> mltis oi @rastg

Eg`a is em virsaðl peurme oi em pmemdrm euhmr, qui sahlaja`m "ul pultg g euhmr il pmrta`uemr". Ie fátgog oi eg`a,
iltgl`is, is ulm birrmfailtm oi fifgram qui mealim ems `gsms qui oisim ri`gromr `gl pultgs g euhmris ispi`æja`gs
qui `glg`i dail. Msæ is `gfg eg ilsiýg;

Aoiltajaqui egs => pultgs pral`apmeis oi `glvirsm`aðl oi su prisiltm`aðl. Istms puioil sir pmemdrms
`emvi g jrmsis g quazís `atms qui oisim al`grpgrmr. Pal ifdmrhg, lg oidil tilir vmrags pírrmjgs emrhgs,
ym qui istg bmrí qui isti prg`isg sim ilhgrrgsg y qui su prisiltm`aðl si sailtm ræhaom y oifmsamog
ilsmymom. Em supgsa`aðl mquæ is qui `glg`i dail su tifm y qui taili mehulm jm`aeaomo `gl ie fmtirame.
Isti fátgog istí oasiýmog pmrm myuomr m pglir `mom ulg oi egs pultgs `emvi il prafir pemlg `umlog
egs li`isati.

Mbgrm afmhalm ul euhmr qui `glg`is dail. Istg puioi sir pmrti oi su bghmr, ulm `meei pgr em qui `mfalm `gl
jri`uil`am, ul pmrqui `ir`mlg g `umequair gtrm `gsm `gl em qui tilhm fu`bm jmfaeamraomo y qui puiom ri`gromr
jí`aefilti vævaomfilti. Mbgrm `glsaoiri ul `mfalg m trmvás oi ism uda`m`aðl. Pa si trmtm oi ulm bmdatm`aðl oi su
`msm, pgr ikifpeg, afmhali iltrmr m ism bmdatm`aðl y ri`grrirem. Aoiltajaqui => pultgs il istm smem qui puiom vir
rípaomfilti il su filti. _me viz ulm is em eífpmrm il em isqualm qui vis `umlog iltrms il em bmdatm`aðl. ]uazís
gtrm sim em saeem m em azquairom oi ism eífpmrm. Em sahuailti pgoræm sir em fism muxaeamr me emog oi ism saeem, y msæ
su`isavmfilti. Bmhm qui isti `mfalg sim eg fís prg`isme pgsadei. Is prgdmdei qui zahzmhuimr pgr ie ispm`ag
sim filgs prgou`tavg. Pgeg færmti `mfalmlog pgr isti ispm`ag il ie siltaog oi ems mhukms oie riegk y lgtmlog eg
 qui saifpri lgtms `umlog pmsms `mom ieifiltg.

Ylm viz qui bmym ieihaog sus => uda`m`aglis, msahli ul afpgrtmlti pultg oi `glvirsm`aðl m `mom ulm oi istms
uda`m`aglis. Msihûrisi oi qui ie groil oi sus pultgs oi `glvirsm`aðl `gal`aom `gl ie groil il qui `mfalm
pgr em smem. ^gr ikifpeg, usmlog em smem qui m`mdmfgs oi ois`radar, sa eg prafirg qui quairi oi`ar is ie filsmki
pral`apme oi tgom su prisiltm`aðl, msæhlieg m em eífpmrm. Pa ie sahuailti tifm pral`apme oi `glvirsm`aðl is ul
oitmeei isil`ame oie prgou`tg g ul bi`bg bastðra`g `emvi, msæhlieg m em saeem, y msæ su`isavmfilti. Mbgrm
prm`taqui su prisiltm`aðl, utaeazmlog su ri`grraog pgr em uda`m`aðl `gfg ulm birrmfailtm pmrm ri`gromr `mom
ulg oi egs filsmkis pral`apmeis oi em prisiltm`aðl. @mom `gfpglilti oi em prisiltm`aðl oidi eeihmr m ustio
sihûl eg li`isati.

Me ahume qui `gl tgoms ems birrmfailtms, istm birrmfailtm oi fifgram puioi riquirar ul pg`g oi taifpg pmrm qui si
`glvairtm il ixpirtg, pirg is prgdmdei qui `gfail`i m myuomreg oi alfioamtg. @gl em
e m prí`ta`m, oidiræm pgoir m``ioir m
hrmlois `mltaomois oi aljgrfm`aðl sal bm`ir rijiril`am m sus lgtms. Pu ri`uirog fikgrmrí ormfíta`mfilti, y sus
oas`ursgs i aljgrfis pmri`iríl fís lmturmeis. ^uioi ifpeimr isti iljgqui saifpri qui li`isati fifgrazmr m hrmlie.

DGLG BITTMFAIL_M =; YLM FMLITM TÍ^AOM OI TI@GTOMT IE LGFDTI OI _GOGP

@gfg oas`utafgs mltiragrfilti, lg ri`gromr mehg `gfg ie lgfdri oi ulm pirsglm qui m`mdms oi `glg`ir is m filuog
ul `msg oi qui lg istás mtiltg il isi fgfiltg. Ti`gromr m FGF puioi sir ilgrfifilti ûtae il isi siltaog. ^irg
tmfdaál tilhg ulm tá`la`m ispi`æja`mfilti grailtmom m myuomr m ems pirsglms m ri`gromr lgfdris qui puioil
risuetmrei ûtaeis. Em flifðla`m mquæ is PIT PYMZI;

D is Agr Dieaivi; @riir qui vms m pgoir bm`ir istg is ie prafir pmsg isil`ame. Pa ti isjuirzms eg
suja`ailti `gfg pmrm `glvil`irti oi qui lg puiois ri`gromr lgfdris, tilorís áxatg.

I is Agr ikir`a`ag; Me ahume qui `gl ems gtrms birrmfailtms il isti eadrg, bm`ir istg riquirarí mehg oi prí`ta`m,
pirg oidiræm sir `mpmz oi sir fuy duilg il istg fuy rípaomfilti.

P is Agr Oaeg; @umlog is`u`bi ie lgfdri oi ulm pirsglm pgr prafirm viz, oæhmeg. Istg `gljarfmrí qui
is`u`bð ie lgfdri `grri`tmfilti y ei gjri`irí em gpgrtulaomo oi is`u`bmr ie lgfdri ogs vi`is.

2 is Agr 2si; Ourmlti ie `ursg oi su `glvirsm`aðl `gl istm pirsglm, usi su lgfdri. Istg myuomrí m
degquimreg.

M is Agr Msc; ^rihulti oi oðloi vaili ie lgfdri oi ulm pirsglm. Istg siræm ul pg`g ixtrmýg sa prihultmrms pgr
 ul lgfdri `gfg "Kaf", pirg is pmrta`uemrfilti ûtae `umlog `glg`is m mehuail `gl ul lgfdri filgs `gfûl.

Z is Agr Zasumeazm`aðl; Zasagl is ulm birrmfailtm oi fifgram al`riædeifilti pgoirgsm, `gfg ym vafgs `gl ie
fátgog eg`a. Altiltm mokultmr ulm afmhil me lgfdri oi ulm pirsglm. pgr 

^gr ikifpeg, sa `glg`is m mehuail eemfmom Fmry, puiois afmhalmr m ism pirsglm usmlog ul vieg oi
lgvam ie oæm qui si `msm.

I is Agr Ilo; @umlog si sipmri oi ism pirsglm, jalmea`i su `glvirsm`aðl oa`ailog ie lgfdri oi em
pirsglm.

DGLG BITTMFAIL_M 4; YLM FMLITM TÍ^AOM OI TI@GTOMT ZG@MDYEMTAG Q

EILHYMP
Ie vg`mduemrag is ulg oi egs paemris oie mpriloazmki. Ti`gromr ie sahlaja`mog oi ems pmemdrms is jí`ae3 sgeg usm egs
fasfgs sastifms qui bms istmog usmlog. Ylg oi egs `gl`iptgs fís pgoirgsgs is em sustatu`aðl oi pmemdrms.
Qm smdis `ðfg bm`ir istg, mbgrm tailis ul lgfdri g ul tárfalg oi vg`mduemrag pmrm ieeg. Em sustatu`aðl oi
pmemdrms is ie prg`isg oi `glvirtar aljgrfm`aðl altmlhadei (oajæ`ae oi vasumeazmr) il ulm afmhil qui sim fís
`gl`ritm y jí`ae oi vasumeazmr.

Mquæ bmy mehulgs ikifpegs oi sustatu`aglis oi pmemdrms;

Ie latrðhilg puioi sir ul `mdmeeirg Fglrgi

puioi sir ul bgfdri rifmlog

Xmsbalhtgl puioi sir pgr ulm emvmogrm Mrfstrglh

puioi sir pgr ul drmzg juirti

Em aoim pral`apme oitrís oi em

e m sustatu`aðl oi pmemdrms is `rimr ulm afmhil (g ulm sirai oi afíhilis
val`uemoms) qui suili eg suja`ailtifilti safaemr `gfg pmrm ri`gromrei em pmemdrm grahalme. Istm pmemdrm, aoim g
`gl`iptg mdstrm`tg qui mehulm viz jui tml oajæ`ae oi iltiloir mbgrm lg is tml ixtrmýg. Me `rimr ulm afmhil oi
em pmemdrm, mbgrm taili mehg fís tmlhadei, mehg qui puioi vir. Ti`uirom qui tiloifgs m ri`gromr eg qui
`rimfgs. Mehulgs ikifpegs fís;

@atgeghæm, Ie istuoag oi ems `áeuems. Zis ulm tgmeem `gl ul hrml "*" (`atgeghæm). Paifpri bms quiraog ulg, msæ qui
eg tgfms y ti mrrgkml m ulm `ieom oi em `ír`ie. G susparm, farílogsi ie oiog oie pai, il ul pultg dmkg * (susparg
oie pai dmkg *), pirg istg lg istí pirfataog y si eg alhrism il ulm `ieom y si eg gdeahm m istuoamr. ¡Mulqui istg
is `gfpeitmfilti ixtrmýg, is fuy fifgrmdei y jul`aglm! Alouehilti, `gfpmsavg,
Alouehilti, `gfpmsavg, hiltae. Afmhil oi ulm
bgrfahm al`ealmom (ulm bgrfahm al`ealmom).
al`ealmom). Em bgrfahm si mpgym il ulm pmrio eafpam y si ilsu`am. Pu fmori,
il euhmr oi istmr ilgkmom, is `gfpmsavm y hiltae.
 Isti sastifm si puioi utaeazmr pmrm prí`ta`mfilti `umequair `gsm, al`euaog ie mpriloazmki oi aoagfms
a oagfms ixtrmlkirgs, qui
jul`aglm oi em fasfm fmlirm qui ri`gromr vg`mduemrag. Oi bi`bg, mehulms oi ems pmemdrms oi vg`mduemrag qui
il`uiltrms il alheás tmfdaál pgoræml istmr il gtrg aoagfm. ^gr ikifpeg;

_râs dail (  Jrml`ás), qui suilm `gfg ulm dmloikm oi jrakgeis, sahlaja`m "fuy duilg". Afmhælisi `uaomlog
laýgs y prifamlog me laýg `gl ulm dmloikm oi pemtm `gl ul jrakge hahmlti. Ie laýg jui fuy duilg.

Jí`ae (  Jrml`ás), qui suilm `gfg `mrm oi mlhuaem, sahlaja`m "jí`ae". Afmhalm m ul mfahg oismjaílogti m
sgstilir ulm mlhuaem `ir`m oi tu `mrm3 eg bm`is y oa`is; "¡Isg is jí`ae!"

_rmvmaeeir (  Jrml`ás), qui suilm `gfg vamkirg, sahlaja`m "trmdmkmr". Afmhali m ul vamkirg qui si ei m`ir`m
y eg alvatm m arsi oi vm`m`aglis, pirg lg puioi ar pgrqui taili qui trmdmkmr.

Is`mrhgt ( J
  rml`ás), qui suilm `gfg `a`mtraz, sahlaja`m "`mrm`ge". Afmhali ul `mrm`ge iltrmlog il ul mutg P (mutg `gl
jgrfm oi P) 
oi P) y  bm`ailog qui ie mutg si vmym.

Fir`a (  Jrml`ás), qui suilm `gfg ie fmr oi yihum, sahlaja`m "hrm`ams". Afmhælisi smevmlog m ulm
yihum oi mbghmrsi il ie fmr. Euihg oa`i "hrm`ams".
Mpriloir ( I
  spmýge), qui suilm `gfg ulm ea`umogrm, sahlaja`m "mpriloir". Afmhælisi tgfmlog sus eadrgs y
`geg`ílogegs il ulm ea`umogrm.
Is`uiem (  Ispmýge), qui suilm `gfg P-`gogrlaz, sahlaja`m "is`uiem". Afmhalm ulm `gogrlaz `gl ul supirbgfdri
hahmlti P
hahmlti P il su `gjri yilog m tu is`uiem.

Myuom ( I
  spmýge), qui suilm `gfg iris tû, sahlaja`m "myuom". Afmhælisi mbghmog (li`is
(li`isatmlog
atmlog myuom) y
mehuail vaili m ris`mtmreg y ei prihultm; "·Is ustio em pirsglm qui si istí mbghmlog7"

Fmlog (  Ispmýge), qui suilm `gfg bgfdri (g eulm), sahlaja`m "fmlomr". Afmhali m ul bgfdri me fmlog
oi ulm `airvm pmrm smetmr m em eulm.
Istrmom  Ispmýge), qui suilm `gfg ul oæm ixtrm, sahlaja`m "`mrritirm g mutgpastm". Afmhælisi yilog oi
vm`m`aglis y mtrmpmog il ie tríja`g pgr ul oæm moa`aglme il em `mrritirm.

^ruidi istgs tárfalgs il ispmýge pgr su `uiltm;

OisviltmFm ( O
  isviltmkm)

^ieg (  `mdieeg)

Dgesg (  dgesg)

Oalirg   oalirg)
 Eiir ( e  iir)

Bi usmog istgs ikifpegs pmrm prisiltmrei fikgr egs `gl`iptgs dísa`gs. Oismrrgeemr sgdri ieegs y `gfpriloir
su sahlaja`mog. ^uiois usmr istms bmdaeaomois pmrm prí`ta`mfilti `umequair `gsm. Istgs sastifms sgl jeixadeis y
ulavirsmeis. ^gr ikifpeg, sa quairis ri`gromr 

sa ulm pmemdrm is fms`uealm g jifilalm, safpeifilti mhrihui em afmhil oi ul sgfdrirg oi `gpm pmrm pmemdrms
fms`uealms y ul vistaog pmrm pmemdrms jifilalms. Lg bmy rihems, msæ qui sá `rimtavg i aloahlmlti, ¡y oavaártiti `gl
ieems!

M^AEMTEG
^mrm mpriloir vg`mduemrag luivg g pmemdrms il aoagfms ixtrmlkirgs, `gfdali em istrmtiham mltiragr `gl egs fátgogs qui ym
mpriloað oi luistrg `mpætueg oi istuoag. ^gr ikifpeg, bmdemfgs sgdri em ripita`aðl ispm`amom. Isg siræm ixtrifmomfilti
vmeagsg il istm mpea`m`aðl. Bmdemfgs sgdri ie usg oi em fûsa`m. Em fûsa`m dmrrg`m is fuy iji`tavm pmrm myuomr m mpriloir
aoagfms. Ems tá`la`ms oi istuoag qui ym istíl il su cat oi birrmfailtms tiloríl ul luivg y muomz prgpðsatg mquæ.

Mltis oi sihuar moiemlti

Ispirg qui puioml vir mbgrm qui tilir ulm fifgram dail iltrilmom is ulm pmrti isil`ame oi eafatmrsi.
@umlog su fifgram istí jalmfilti mkustmom, is ixpglil`amefilti fís juirti qui sa istí trmtmlog oi

sgdrivavar `gl ulm fifgram lg iltrilmom. Isti eadrg `udri em dmsi pmrm afpuesmr su fifgram. Zasatmr  www.EafateissDggc.`gf
www.EafateissDggc.`gf
pmrm gdtilir egs vaoigs oi iltrilmfailtg oi fifgram oi tris pmrtis `gfg fa rihmeg pmrm ta. Mltis oi pmsmr me sahuailti
s ahuailti `mpætueg
`mpætueg,, altilti
mehulms `gsms;

^ailsi il jgrfms oi prgpgr`aglmrsi ulm fmygr fgtavm`aðl pmrm ri`gromr. Pafpeifilti pilsmr qui siræm duilg
tilir ulm fikgr fifgram prgdmdeifilti lg sim suja`ailti. @glsaoiri jgrfms il qui puioi trmtmr oi sir filgs
aljeuil`amog pgr ems oastrm``aglis `umlog si il`uiltrm il ulm satum`aðl il em qui ri`gromr mehg puioi sir
afpgrtmlti. _i omrá mehulms birrmfailtms pmrm myuomr `gl istg fís moiemlti il isti eadrg, pirg ·quá puiois
bm`ir mbgrm pmrm myuomrti m `gl`iltrmrti fís7

^ruidm `mom ulm oi ems birrmfailtms qui bi prgpgr`aglmog il isti `mpætueg. Bmy ulm duilm pgsadaeaomo oi qui
vim ulm oajiril`am lgtmdei il su fifgram oi alfioamtg.
 

 
 

=?

P^IIOTIM
_AFDTI 

·^gr quá is tml afpgrtmlti eiir7

·@ðfg mufiltg fa ei`turm Ag`us y `gfPribilsagl7

·@ðfg puiog sm`mr fís prgvi`bg oi `mom ixpirail`am oi ei`turm7

·]uá tailil il `gfûl Gprmb Xaljriy, _bgfms Ioasgl, Kgbl J. Cillioy y Daee * mtis7 _gogs
juirgl hrmlois ei`tgris. Egs eæoiris sgl ei`tgris. Dailvilaog m em irm oi egs omtgs. Lul`m il
em bastgram bm bmdaog tme ix`ioilti oi aljgrfm`aðl. Pi bm prgou`aog fís aljgrfm`aðl il ems
ûetafms oá`moms qui il egs ûetafgs faeis oi mýgs. Pihûl Ira` P`bfaot, ie ix @IG oi * gghei,
"si `rimrgl 9 ixmdytis oi aljgrfm`aðl iltri egs medgris oi em `avaeazm`aðl bmstm ie 4>>0, pirg
ism aljgrfm`aðl mbgrm si `rim `mom 4 oæms". Q sgeg si istí vgevailog `mom viz fís rípaog.
_gom istm aljgrfm`aðl bm`i qui em iomo oi bgy sim ixtrifmomfilti `gfpitatavm. Ems
pirsglms qui puioil fmltilirsi me oæm `gl em aljgrfm`aðl fís ri`ailti tiloríl em viltmkm
`gfpitatavm li`ismram pmrm tilir áxatg, lg sgeg m`moáfa`m y prgjisaglmefilti, salg tmfdaál
il gtrms írims `emvi oi em vaom.
 Egs istuoags oifuistrml qui ixasti ulm riem`aðl oari`tm iltri su `mpm`aomo oi eiir y su áxatg

il em vaom. Egs ei`tgris ixpirtgs oasjrutml oi fikgris trmdmkgs, fmygris alhrisgs y fmygris
gpgrtulaomoiss oi áxatg il tgogs egs ífdatgs oi em vaom. ^ailsm il istg; sa tailis bmdaeaomois oi
gpgrtulaomoi
ei`turm prgfioag, iltgl`is tailis em fasfm `gfprilsaðl qui em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms. Isg lg
ti om ulm hrml viltmkm `gfpitatavm, ·viromo7

Oismjgrtulmomfilti, pmrm em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms, em ei`turm si `glsaoirm ulm tmrim

mdurraom, mehg fuy eiltg y tioagsg. ·Mehulm viz bms pmsmog pgr ulm píhalm oi ul eadrg y ti
bms prihultmog; "·]uá oifglags m`mdg oi eiir7" Pa em rispuistm is sæ, lg istís sgeg.

Bifgs bmdemog mltis sgdri egs oismjægs qui iljriltá me pral`apag oi fa `mrrirm ulavirsatmram. @gfg
smdil, isgs oismjægs juirgl tml hrmlois pmrm fæ qui `glsaoirá siramfilti oikmr em is`uiem pgr
`gfpeitg. ^irg `umlog msufæ em tmrim oi eiir ul eadrg tgoms ems sifmlms, moifís oi em ei`turm qui
li`isatmdm bm`ir pmrm fas `emsis, `gfil`á m prghrismr `glsaoirmdeifilti il fa mpriloazmki. Pal
ifdmrhg, lg fi oa `uiltm oi `uíltg prghrisg bmdæm bi`bg bmstm ul oæm sgrpriloilti.

* * rifmlog, saifpri bi trmtmog oi fmltilirfi juirm oie `iltrg oi mtil`aðl. Irm ul laýg tæfaog,
y fi siltæ fís `ðfgog fiz`eílogfi `gl ie pmasmki qui istmr me jrilti y me `iltrg. Isg
Is g `gltaluð
`umlog fi jua m em is`uiem. Ems `emsis hrmlois il ems smems oi `gljiril`ams fi mtrmkirgl
ispi`amefilti, pgrqui pgoæm siltmrfi il em isqualm y ivatmr sir lgtmog.

Yl oæm istuvi il ulg oi isgs smeglis kultg `gl gtrgs `ailtgs oi istuoamltis. Il em oiemltirm,
ie prgjisgr lgs istmdm omlog `gljiril`ams y usmlog ul ritrgprgyi`tgr pmrm fgstrmr afíhilis.
af íhilis. Il
ul fgfiltg, `geg`ð ul filsmki oi tixtg il ie prgyi`tgr, i alstmltílimfilti fi i`bá m riær. Istm
jui ulm rim``aðl `gfpeitmfilti lmturme pmrm fæ3 Em `atm jui oavirtaom. ^irg, pgr eg oifís, istmdm
`gfpeitmfilti trmlquaeg il ie pmsaeeg, eg qui prgvg`ð qui ulm hrml `mltaomo oi pirsglms harmrml
em `mdizm il fa oari``aðl. Pupglhg qui em fmygræm oi istms pirsglms lul`m bmdræml pgoaog
aoiltaja`mrfi `gfg ulg oi sus `gfpmýirgs oi `emsi
` emsi mltis oi isti fgfiltg. Istmdm fuy
mvirhglzmog. Ba`i tmltg isjuirzg pgr sir alvasadei, y mbgrm irm `gfg sa budairm arrufpaog il ie
is`ilmrag pmrm eemfmr em mtil`aðl. Istmdm tml sglrgkmom qui pilsá qui fa `mrm adm m mroir, y
ritrg`ioæ eg fís qui puoi.

Euihg, vmrags sihulogs oispuás, gtrgs il ie pmsaeeg `gfilzmrgl m riær. Me pral`apag, pilsá qui si
istmdml railog oi fæ, pirg m fioaom qui fís si ulairgl m ieegs, fará y lgtá qui lg fi istmdml
farmlog il mdsgeutg3 istmdml eiyilog ie tixtg. Q jui iltgl`is `umlog fi oa `uiltm oi em juilti oi
fa virhõilzm; bmdæm eiæog ems pmemdrms fu`bg fís rípaog qui fas `gfpmýirgs oi `emsi qui bmdæm
rim``aglmog fu`bg mltis qui tgogs egs oifís. Pmdæm qui bmdæm fikgrmog em vieg`aomo m em qui eiæm y
 ie lavie me qui eg `gfpriloæm, pirg bmstm isi fgfiltg lg tilæm aoim oi `uíl rmrm pirg mpriloadei irm
ism bmdaeaomo.

Failtrms tgomvæm fi siltæm ul pg`g al`ðfgog `gl fa mrridmtg alvgeultmrag, oiká ism `emsi mlafmom
pgr em `gfprilsaðl oi qui fa mpriloazmki bmdæm mufiltmog m ul lavie `gfpeitmfilti luivg. Oidaog
m ems tá`la`ms qui fi bmdæm ilsiýmog, em ei`turm si bmdæm `glvirtaog il ulg oi fas supirpgoiris,
meemlmlog ie `mfalg m ilgrfis mvml`is il fa mpriloazmki. Pa dail prgfitæ lg riærfi tml juirti il ie
juturg, smeæ oi ism smem
s mem oi `gljiril`ams `gl ulm al`riædei silsm`aðl oi iltusamsfg pgr mpriloir y
ois`udrar ems gtrms supirpgtil`ams qui istmdml surhailog.

@ÐFG EM EI@_YTM BM@I ]YI _Y @ITIDTG PAL EÆFA_IP

@umequair peml pmrm qui su mpriloazmki sim aeafatmog oidi al`euar em ei`turm. Msæ `gfg em fifgram is
julomfiltme pmrm `msa tgoms ems jul`aglis `iridrmeis, em ei`turm is
julomfiltme pmrm `msa tgog ie mpriloazmki. Pa
P a mehuail ei oa`i qui lg eii, isil`amefilti istí
oa`ailog; "Bi oikmog oi altiltmr mpriloir". Pæ, puiois mpriloir mehg vailog vaoigs,
is`u`bmlog pgo`msts g yilog me `ali. Al`eusg em `gfioam oi satum`aðl oi rio fís tgltm is
prgdmdei qui ti ilsiýi
mehulm `gsm. 
`gsm.^  irg is `msa afpgsadei bm`ir qui ie mpriloazmki sim ulm pmrti oalífa`m y rilgvmdei oi
su vaom sal ul iljgqui oioa`mog m em ei`turm. Bi mquæ pgr quá istg is `airtg;

Em ei`turm pgli il fmr`bm tu `iridrg. @umlog eiis, istís usmlog tu `iridrg pmrm fu`bms
jul`aglis m em viz, eg `ume is ul ikir`a`ag vahgrgsg y hrmtaja`mlti. @gfg siýmem ie Or. Cil
^uhb, prisaoilti y oari`tgr oi alvistahm`aðl oi egs Emdgrmtgrags Bmscals, ―ems pmrtis oie
`iridrg qui bml ivgeu`aglmog pmrm gtrms jul`aglis, `gfg em vasaðl, ie eilhumki y ie
mpriloazmki msg`amtavg, si `gli`tml il ul `ar`uatg liurglme ispi`æja`g pmrm em ei`turm, qui Is
fuy oismjamlti. Ylm grm`aðl is ulm jgrfm mdrivamom oi fu`bm aljgrfm`aðl qui ie `iridrg
oidi aljirar ". = Il gtrms pmemdrms, em ei`turm ti dralom ul lavie al`gfpmrmdei oi ikir`a`ag
filtme, y ie `iridrg saifpri is ul "fûs`ueg" qui si jgrtmei`i `umltg fís eg oismjæms.

Eiir fikgrm tu fifgram. Oidaog m qui ei istís omlog m tu `iridrg ul ikir`a`ag tml ix`ieilti
 `umlog eiis, tu `iridrg jul`aglm m ul lavie supiragr. Yl dilija`ag sahlaja`mtavg oi istg is `gl
rispi`tg m em fifgram. Il ul istuoag rimeazmog pgr ie Or. Tgdirt P. Xaesgl il ie @iltrg Fáoa`g
oi em Ylavirsaomo Tusb il @ba`mhg, si oifgstrð qui em ei`turm taili ul iji`tg sahlaja`mtavg il

oasfalu`aðl oi em fifgram "Lg oidifgs sudistafmr egs iji`tgs oi ems m`tavaomois

`gtaoamlms, `gfg eiir y is`radar, il luistrgs bakgs, lgsgtrgs fasfgs y luistrgs pmoris g
mduiegs", siýmeð. "Luistrg istuoag suhairi qui ikir`atmr su `iridrg pmrta`apmlog il
m`tavaomois `gfg istms ourmlti em vaom oi ulm pirsglm, oisoi em aljml`am bmstm em vikiz, is
afpgrtmlti pmrm em smeuo oie `iridrg il em vikiz". 4

Eiir fikgrm tu iljgqui. Ylm oi ems `gsms qui bm`ifgs `umlog lgs siltmfgs `gl ul
eadrg g al`eusg pmsmfgs ul taifpg oioa`mog `gl ul piraðoa`g is iltrilmr luistrg iljgqui
il istg. M oajiril`am oi `umlog lmvihmfgs pgr Altirlit g bm`ifgs `ea` il Qgu_udi,
`umlog eiifgs, hilirmefilti pristmfgs
pristmfgs em fmygr pmrti oi luistrm mtil`aðl m eg qui
istmfgs eiyilog. Istm prí`ta`m jm`aeatm em mpea`m`aðl oie fasfg lavie oi iljgqui m gtrms
tmrims.

Eiir fikgrm tu vg`mduemrag. Mehulms pirsglms safpeifilti suilml fís altieahiltis. ·@ðfg
rim``aglms `umlog ti il`uiltrms `gl ulm oi istms pirsglms7 @gl tgom prgdmdaeaomo, eis gjri`is
ul fmygr rispitg i al`eusg ul `airtg
` airtg lavie oi oijiril`am. Ems pirsglms qui suilml altieahiltis
tailoil m tilir m``isg y ulm alstmem`aðl `gl ul vg`mduemrag fís mfpeag qui em pirsglm
prgfioag. Em ei`turm ti pirfati `glstruar vg`mduemrag grhíla`mfilti. @umltg fís eiis, fís
ixpuistg istís m ul rmlhg mfpeamog oi eilhumki y me usg oi isi aoagfm il ulm vmraiomo oi
`gltixtgs. Q oidaog m qui em ei`turm is ulm birrmfailtm oi iljgqui tml supiragr, istí
mdsgrdailog ulm hrml `mltaomo oi istg, y istmrí m``isadei pmrm ustio `umlog eg li`isati.

Eiir fikgrm tu afmhalm`aðl. Pa mehulm viz ei oairgl ul mvasg oi bastgram il em is`uiem

g il ie trmdmkg, smdi qui m filuog is fís jí`ae pilsmr `rimtavmfilti `umlog si usm
ulm birrmfailtm pmrm `gfilzmr. Em ei`turm is isil`amefilti ulm bastgram trms gtrm.
"·@ðfg siræm istmr il egs zmpmtgs oi istm pirsglm7" "·@ðfg puiog usmr istm tá`la`m
pmrm sir fís prgou`tavg7" "·]uá vgy m bm`ir prafirg, ulm viz qui Kaf Cwac fi myuoi
m sir aeafatmog7" Ylm hrml afmhalm`aðl ti myuom m vir fís pgsadaeaomois il tu vaom, y em
ei`turm fmltaili tu afmhalm`aðl il meirtm fíxafm.
 Eiir fikgrm em `gfprilsaðl.
`gfprilsaðl. Ie mpriloazmki si prisiltm il fu`bms jgrfms, y ie mpriloazmki `gfg
birrmfailtm oi áxatg taili fu`bgs ieifiltgs. Q sa dail ie pilsmfailtg íhae y ie ogfalag oi ems bmdaeaomois
sgl julomfiltmeis pmrm ie áxatg, em ifpmtæm y

em `gfprilsaðl lg puioi pmsmrsi pgr metg. Eiir ti ixpgli m vaoms qui lul`m mltis
bmdæms `glg`aog, ixpirail`ams qui lul`m afmhalmsti y fgogs oi pilsmr fuy oajiriltis
m egs tuygs. _gog istg `glstruyi tmltg tu ifpmtæm pgr egs oifís `gfg tu `gfprilsaðl oi
`ðfg jul`aglm ie fulog fís meeí oi ta fasfg.

CXAC P_MT_ 

Pa puioi eiir fís rípaog `gl fmygr `gfprilsaðl y oasjruti, ·quá eadrgs `gfilzmræm
m eiir isti fis7 @rim ulm eastm oi tris eadrgs qui quairms `gfilzmr m eiir.

EIQILOG QG-
IZMEYM@AÐL
Eg prafirg qui oidi bm`ir is ois`udrar su vieg`aomo oi ei`turm m`tume, tmfdaál `glg`aom `gfg
su tmsm dmsi. Istm tmsm oi ei`turm si faoi il pmemdrms pgr falutg. ^mrm fioareg, li`isatmrí ulm
lgviem oi jí`ae ei`turm, ul eípaz y ul tifpgrazmogr. Euihg bmz eg sahuailti;

=. @gljahuri ulm memrfm pmrm qui suili il ogs falutgs.

4. Eim m ulm vieg`aomo `ðfgom y pmri `umlog suili em memrfm (fmrqui ogloi eg
oikð).
0. @uilti ie lûfirg tgtme oi pmemdrms il tris eælims rihuemris y oavaom isi lûfirg iltri tris.
Isti is ie lûfirg prgfioag oi pmemdrms pgr eælim.

?. @uilti ie lûfirg oi eælims qui m`mdm oi eiir (sgeg `uilti ems eælims qui me filgs eeihml m
em fatmo oi em píhalm)

9. Fuetapeaqui ie lûfirg oi pmemdrms pgr eælim pgr ie lûfirg oi eælims qui m`mdm oi eiir (fuetapeaqui
sus rispuistms oi egs pmsgs 0 y ?).
 :. Oavaoi isti lûfirg iltri ogs (pgrqui eiis ourmlti ogs falutgs) y istms sgl tus
pmemdrms pgr falutg. Bm`ireg mbgrm. Is julomfiltme `gfpeitmr isti ikir`a`ag mltis oi
`gltalumr. Is`radm su vieg`aomo oi ei`turm m`tume.

Em vieg`aomo oi ei`turm prgfioag oi ulm pirsglm hilirmefilti si puioi il`gltrmr iltri =9> y 49>
pmemdrms pgr falutg. Isti rmlhg vmræm `gl em oaja`uetmo oie fmtirame. Pa istí eiyilog fu`bg filgs oi
=>> pmemdrms pgr falutg, ie fmtirame puioi sir oifmsamog oajæ`ae g is pgsadei qui oisii dus`mr myuom
`grri`tavm (ems bmdaeaomois qui mprilom mquæ sihuaríl sailog oi hrml vmegr).

Oahmfgs qui ulm pirsglm eii m 4>> pmemdrms pgr falutg. Istm pirsglm eii y istuoam ourmlti `umtrg
bgrms me oæm. Ylm pirsglm qui eii m ?>> pmemdrms pgr falutg (ie ogdei oi rípaog) sgeg li`isatm istuoamr
em fatmo oie taifpg. Yl ei`tgr fís rípaog mbgrrm me filgs ogs bgrms `mom oæm.

CXAC P_MT_ 

Pa puioi mbgrrmr ogs bgrms `mom oæm, ·quá bmræm `gl isti taifpg ixtrm7 _ðfisi ul
fgfiltg pmrm is`radar `ðfg pmsmræm isms ogs bgrms moa`aglmeis me oæm.

OIPMJÆGP M
EIQILOG
Em hilti lg eii g ieahi eiir fuy pg`g pgr ulm vmraiomo oi rmzglis. _rmdmkms emrhms bgrms y me
jalme oie oæm istís mhgtmog. Is fís jí`ae iltritilirsi pmsavmfilti (m trmvás oi em tieivasaðl, ie
`ali, em fûsa`m, it`.) qui pmrta`apmr il em m`tavaomo li`ismram pmrm eiir. Pa vms m trmdmkmr pmrm tu
iltritilafailtg, prijiraræms kuhmr ul vaoigkuihg. _i is`u`bg, pirg sa bms mdsgrdaog egs
dilija`ags qui m`mdg oi ilufirmr mrradm, smdis qui li`isatms pmsmr mehûl taifpg il tu oæm,
tgogs egs oæms, pmrm eiir. Gtrm rmzðl `emvi pgr em qui ems pirsglms lg eiil is qui eis risuetm ul
prg`isg emdgragsg. ^uioi eeivmreis `al`g falutgs eiir ulm sgem píhalm oi ul eadrg, eg qui bm`i
qui em aoim oi eiir ul eadrg oi 0>> píhalms sim safaemr m `mfalmr oisoi Luivm Qgrc m * igrham.
Ems pirsglms tailoil m eiir eiltmfilti pgr mehulms rmzglis. Ylm is qui oikmrgl oi mpriloir
m eiir riemtavmfilti tifprmlg, tme viz oi sihulog g tir`ir hrmog, y su lavie oi ei`turm (y, eg
qui is fís afpgrtmlti, su tá`la`m oi ei`turm) lul`m mufiltð fu`bg fís meeí oi istg, al`eusg
 failtrms `gltalumdml mpriloailog m pismr oi istm ristra``aðl. Em gtrm is qui lg si pirfatil
`gl`iltrmrsi `umlog eiil. Is`u`bml m egs laýgs, farml em tieivasaðl m fioams, rivasml ie `grrig

iei`trðla`g `mom pg`gs falutgs, it`.

^gr eg tmltg, si il`uiltrml eiyilog ie fasfg pírrmjg ulm y gtrm viz, pgrqui lg istíl eg
suja`ailtifilti
suja`ailtifilt i iljg`mogs pmrm `gfpriloir eg qui istíl eiyilog.

Bmy ul pmr oi rmzglis pral`apmeis pgr ems `umeis ems pirsglms eiil eiltmfilti. Pu ija`ail`am oi
ei`turm si `gfpgli oi ogs pmrtis pral`apmeis; su vieg`aomo oi ei`turm (vieg`aomo) y `gfprilsaðl oi
ei`turm (`gfprilsaðl). Mltis oi mlmeazmr vmrams jgrfms oi mufiltmr su ija`ail`am oi ei`turm, prafirg
oidifgs mlmeazmr tris oi ems dmrrirms y gdstí`uegs qui lgs afpaoil eiir fís rípaomfilti.

=. Tihrisaðl
Ei bm su`ioaog istg m ustio7 ·Mehulm viz bms eiæog ulm eælim il ul eadrg y ti bms vuietg m eiir
ism fasfm eælim luivmfilti7 ·G mehulm viz ti il`uiltrms "vmhmlog eiyilog" (vgevailog sal
pilsmr y rieiyilog pmemdrms)7 Tihrisaðl
pmemdrms)7 Tihrisaðl
is ul tárfalg utaeazmog pmrm ois`radar em tiloil`am qui tailil sus gkgs m vgevir y rieiir `airtms
pmemdrms. @msa tgogs eg bm`il bmstm `airtg pultg, y em fmygræm oi ems vi`is si bm`i
al`gls`ailtifilti.
al`gls`ailtifi lti. Me bm`ireg, ems pirsglms `riil qui mufiltmríl su `gfprilsaðl, pirg
hilirmefilti
hilirmefil ti eg gdstm`ueazml. Me ritrg`ioir g smetmr bm`am mtrís, is fuy jí`ae piroir ie sahlaja`mog
y em isil`am oi su ei`turm. Em rihrisaðl altirruf
altirrufpi
pi siramfilti ie prg`isg oi ei`turm y oasfaluyi
em vieg`aomo oi ei`turm.

4. Bmdaeaomois gdsgeitms

Em ei`turm lg is tmltg ulm fioaom oi altieahil`am `gfg ulm bmdaeaomo y `gl `umequair bmdaeaomo, si puioi
mpriloir y fikgrmr. ·@uílog jui em ûetafm viz qui tgfmsti ulm `emsi eemfmom ei`turm7 ^mrm em fmygræm, jui
il ie ?tg g 9tg hrmog. Q sa iris `gfg em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms, tu bmdaeaomo pmrm eiir prgdmdeifilti sim
em fasfm qui il isi iltgl`is. Mquæ istí ie oismjæg; ·bm `mfdamog em `mltaomo y em oaja`uetmo oi eg qui istís
eiyilog oisoi iltgl`is7 Em `gfpeikaomo oie fmtirame prgdmdeifilti bm mufiltmog ormfíta`mfilti,
ormfíta`mfilti, sal
ifdmrhg, luistrm bmdaeaomo oi ei`turm si bm fmltilaog ahume.
 0. Pudvg`meazm`aðl
Pudvg`meazm`aðl is ulm pmemdrm ieihmlti pmrm tu vgz altiragr. ·Lgtms ulm vgz oiltrg qui oa`i ems
pmemdrms failtrms eiis istg7 @gl suirti, is tu prgpam vgz. Em sudvg`meazm`aðl eafatm su vieg`aomo
oi ei`turm m sgeg ul pmr oi `ailtgs oi pmemdrms pgr falutg. Isg sahlaja`m qui tu vieg`aomo oi
ei`turm istí eafatmom m

tu vieg`aomo oi `glvirsm`aðl, lg tu vieg`aomo

v ieg`aomo oi pilsmfailtg. Il rimeaomo, tu filti puioi eiir fu`bg fís rípaog.

·Oi oðloi valg em sudvg`meazm`aðl7 G`urrað, pmrm em fmygræm oi ems pirsglms, `umlog istmdm

mpriloailog m eiir pgr prafirm viz. Iltgl`is irm li`ismrag qui eiyirms il vgz metm pmrm qui tu
fmistrg supairm qui eg istmdms bm`ailog `grri`tmfilti. ·Ti`uiroms `uílog tiloræms qui jgrfmr
ul `ær`ueg `gl egs gtrgs laýgs y `mom ulg si turlmdm pmrm eiir il vgz metm7 ^mrm fu`bgs oi
lgsgtrgs, isti jui ul iviltg fuy istrismlti. Budg fu`bm prisaðl sgdri ta pmrm oi`ar em pmemdrm
`grri`tmfilti. @ðfg prglul`að em pmemdrm jui fuy afpgrtmlti. Jui iltgl`is `umlog su `iridrg
bazg em msg`am`aðl; sa quairg iltiloir ulm pmemdrm `umlog istgy eiyilog, oidg pgoir oi`arem
`grri`tmfilti.

Fís tmroi, ei oakirgl qui ym lg eiyirm il vgz metm, salg il saeil`ag, pmrm sæ fasfg. Istg is
`umlog altirlmeazmsti
altirlmeazmsti ism "vgz oi ei`turm", y em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs eg bifgs istmog bm`ailog
oisoi iltgl`is. Il isil`am, `riis qui sa lg is`u`bms ems pmemdrms, iltgl`is lg ems
iltiloirís.. Isti lg is ie `msg. Mquæ bmy ul ikifpeg; smdifgs qui ie prisaoilti Kgbl J.
iltiloirís
Cillioy irm ul ei`tgr fuy rípaog, qui eiæm iltri 9>> y =4>> pmemdrms pgr falutg. _rmkg
alstru`tgris oi ei`turm rípaom pmrm iltrilmr m su pirsglme. _mfdaál prglul`að oas`ursgs m
mprgxafmomfilti
mprgxafmomfi lti 49> pmemdrms pgr falutg. @emrmfilti, `umlog istmdm eiyilog, bmdæm
fu`bms pmemdrms qui lg oi`æm il su filti. Lg is li`ismrag oi`ar ems pmemdrms pmrm
iltiloirems.

_ðfisi ul fgfiltg y pailsi il ul mutgfðvae ispi`æja`g, ie suyg g ie oi gtrm pirsglm. @ðfg si

vi7 ·Oi quá `gegr is7 Bm`ireg mbgrm.

·Il quá pilsmdms7 Is pgsadei qui bmym oa`bg; "Is mzue, taili `umtrg liufíta`gs y msailtgs oi `uirg
fmrrðl". ? prihultm; ·Ems pmemdrms mzue,
pmemdrms mzue, liufíta`gs, g `uirg mpmri`i il tu filti, g ti afmhalmsti ul mutg
`gl tgoms istms `gsms7 ^mrm em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs, luistrms filtis pailsml pral`apmefilti il afíhilis, y
lg il pmemdrms. @gfg oas`utafgs il ie `mpætueg mltiragr sgdri fifgram, ems pmemdrms sgl sgeg ulm
birrmfailtm qui usmfgs pmrm `gfula`mr luistrgs pilsmfailtgs g afíhilis.

Failtrms eii, puioi mufiltmr `glsaoirmdeifilti su vieg`aomo y `gfprilsaðl

vasumeazmlog ie fmtirame. Lg is li`ismrag "oi`ar" tgoms ems pmemdrms, ym qui eeivm
oifmsamog taifpg, msæ `gfg lg eii y oa`i "pultg, `gfm, sahlg oi altirrghm`aðl" `umlog
 ems vi il ulm grm`aðl. Lg eiiræms ulm grm`aðl `gfg istm; "M`mdg oi `gfprmr ul pg`g oi
mhum`mti, `gfm, mrílomlgs, `gfm y drð`gea". Ystio `gfpriloi qui egs sahlgs oi
pultum`aðl sgl sgeg sæfdgegs qui riprisiltml vmrags sahlaja`mogs.

Ems pmemdrms tmfdaál sgl sæfdgegs. Bms vastg ie 19 pgr `ailtg oi ems pmemdrms qui eiæsti
mltis. Lg li`isatm prglul`amr isms pmemdrms, msæ `gfg lg li`isatm prglul`amr pmemdrms oi
rieeilg `gfg pgrqui
`gfg pgrqui istg, g em. Egs `glg`is oi vastm, lg oi sglaog. Eg afpgrtmlti is ie
sahlaja`mog oi eg qui riprisiltm em pmemdrm. Q ie sahlaja`mog suiei ois`radarsi y ri`gromrsi
r i`gromrsi
fikgr il jgrfm oi afíhilis. @gfpriloir isti `gl`iptg is ie prafir pmsg pmrm riou`ar em
sudvg`meazm`aðl.

EIIT FME @GL@I^_GP

Fatg =; Egs ei`tgris fís rípaogs lg `gfpriloil dail

Isti is ul rufgr oajuloaog pgr ei`tgris eiltgs, y lg is `airtg. Oi bi`bg, egs ei`tgris fís rípaogs m
filuog tailil ulm fikgr `gfprilsaðl qui egs ei`tgris fís eiltgs. Mquæ bmy ulm mlmeghæm; `umlog

`glou`is eiltmfilti pgr ulm `meei trmlquaem, puiois bm`ir fu`bms `gsms. ^uioi istmr is`u`bmlog
em rmoag, didailog ul kuhg viroi, smeuomlog m ul vi`alg y `mltmlog su `ml`aðl jmvgratm. _u mtil`aðl
lg istí il lalhûl euhmr3 safpeifilti jeuyi y oimfduem.

^irg afmhalm qui `glou`is ie piome bm`am ie fitme pgr ulm pastm oi ``mrrirms
mrrirms tgfmlog `urvms
`irrmoms. ·_ailis fís iljgqui g filgs7 Mpuistg m qui istís fuy ``gl`iltrmog
gl`iltrmog il eg qui istí
oiemlti, oitrís y oiemlti oi ta. Lg istís pilsmlog il tu eafpaizm il si`g. Eg fasfg si mpea`m m em
ei`turm. Em `emvi pmrm ulm fikgr `gfprilsaðl ei`tgrm is ie iljgqui y em `gl`iltrm`aðl. ^irg mehulms
pirsglms eiil tml eiltmfilti qui mdurril `gfpeitmfilti sus prgpams filtis. Ylm filti mdurraom lg
si `gl`iltrm dail. Pu filti puioi fmlikmr hrmlois `mltaomois oi aljgrfm`aðl y, sal ifdmrhg, em

fmygræm oi ems pirsglms qui eiil em meafiltml. . . pmemdrm . . . m . .

. m . . . bgrm. Istg istí fmtmlog oi bmfdri me `iridrg.

Pa su filti mehulm viz vmhm y suiým oispairtg, istm pgoræm sir em rmzðl. Pa lg ei om m
su `iridrg ie istæfueg qui li`isatm, dus`mrí iltritilafailtg il gtrm pmrti il jgrfm oi
oastrm``aðl. Is pgsadei qui si prihulti quá tilorí pmrm `ilmr, quá pglirsi il su `atm
fmýmlm g is`u`bmr ulm `glvirsm`aðl il ie pmsaeeg. Bifgs prihultmog mltis sgdri eiir
ulm píhalm g ul pírrmjg y lg ri`gromr eg qui m`mdm oi eiir. ^uioi sir pgrqui eiis tml
eiltmfilti qui mdurris tu `iridrg y safpeifilti pairoi altirás. G dail, puioi istmr
 usmlog em ei`turm `gfg siomlti y quiomrsi ogrfaog. Me eiir fís rípaog, fmltailis tu
filti istafuemom, ti il`uiltrms fís iljg`mog y tailis ulm fikgr `gfprilsaðl.

Fatg 4; Is fís oajæ`ae y riquairi fís isjuirzg eiir rípaog

Eiir fís rípaog riquairi Filgs isjuirzg, pral`apmefilti pgrqui egs ei`tgris iltrilmogs tailoil m lg
ritrg`ioir tmltg `gfg egs ei`tgris fís eiltgs. Egs ei`tgris eiltgs si oitailil mlti ems pmemdrms, ems rieiil,

pmsml m gtrm pmemdrm, rihrisml m ulm mltiragr, y msæ su`isavmfilti, y istg `gltalûm m eg emrhg oi su ei`turm.
Istg riquairi fu`bg fís isjuirzg y is ixtrifmomfilti mhgtmogr y mdurraog. Egs ei`tgris fís rípaogs
pmsml ems pmemdrms fu`bg fís jí`aefilti y il fu`bg filgs taifpg. ¡Istg egs bm`i fís ija`ailtis pgrqui
oioa`ml filgs taifpg y gdtailil fís oie prg`isg!

Fatg 0; Egs ei`tgris fís rípaogs lg puioil mpri`amr em ei`turm

Istg tmfpg`g is `airtg. Lg taili qui istuoamr ems pal`iemoms aloavaoumeis oi ulm gdrm oi mrti pmrm
mpri`amrem. Oie fasfg fgog, lg taili qui istuoamr tgoms y `mom ulm oi ems pmemdrms oi ul eadrg pmrm
omrsi `uiltm oi su vmegr. Ylm oi ems fikgris `gsms oi sir ul ei`tgr `mpm`atmog is em jeixadaeaomo. Egs
ei`tgris fís rípaogs tailil em gp`aðl oi m`ieirmr m trmvás oi fmtirame mdurraog / lg isil`ame y
rmeiltazmr g al`eusg rieiir em aljgrfm`aðl ifg`aglmlti / afpgrtmlti. Em jeixadaeaomo is pgoir. Egs
ei`tgris fís rípaogs mpri`aml eiir em fmygræm oie fmtirame pgrqui smdil qui lg ourmrí tgog ie oæm.

^M@IT ZAPYME; OÁ M PY EI@_YTM IE OIOG

^rgdmdeifilti, `umlog irm laýg, ei oakirgl qui lg usmrm su oiog pmrm siýmemr ems pmemdrms
`umlog istí eiyilog. Em `riil`am trmoa`aglme is qui bm`ireg rmeiltazmrí su ei`turm. ^irg `gfg
egs laýgs smdil lmturmefilti, usmr ie oiog `gfg huæm fmltaili egs gkgs iljg`mogs y ivatm qui
vmhuil. Ysmr ie oiog pmrm eiir il rimeaomo mufiltm su vieg`aomo oi ei`turm pgrqui su gkg si
sailti mtrmæog pgr ie fgvafailtg.

Ylm `gsm is smdir istg altiei`tumefilti3 is gtrg pmrm qui eg ixpirafiltis.

^rm`taquifgs usmlog su oiog rieiyilog eg qui usð pmrm su su  ivmeum`aðl fís tifprmlg.
@gfail`i oisoi ie pral`apag y usi su oiog pmrm sihuar ems pmemdrms. _irfalm ogloi eg
oikmsti grahalmefilti. Lg si prig`upi pgr em `gfprilsaðl y lg `rglgfitri istg pgrqui
 is sgeg prí`ta`m. Ie prgpðsatg oi isti ikir`a`ag is jmfaeamrazmrsi `gl ie usg oie oiog
failtrms eii.

@umlog bmym tirfalmog, `gljahuri em memrfm ourmlti ogs falutgs. @gfail`i oisoi ogloi tirfalð ourmlti
su prafirm ivmeum`aðl. @gltalûm eiyilog bmstm qui suili em memrfm

mpmhmog. @me`uei su luivm tmsm oi ei`turm (dmsmom il em jðrfuem grahalme) y is`radm su luivm
vieg`aomo oi ei`turm.
Egs istuoags fuistrml qui ie usg oie oiog failtrms eii puioi mufiltmr su tmsm oi ei`turm il

`umequair euhmr oie 49 pgr `ailtg me =>> pgr `ailtg. Failtrms fís prm`taquis usmlog istm tá`la`m,
fikgris siríl tus risuetmogs. ^uioi sir ul pg`g al`ðfgog me pral`apag, me ahume qui `umlog
mpriloað m `glou`ar, pirg tilhm pm`ail`am y ri`uiroi qui saifpri si li`isatm fís isjuirzg pmrm
mhuoazmr sus bmdaeaomois prafirg qui oifgeir su `mfalg pmrm mpriloir fís tmroi. Eiir `gl ie
oiog tmfdaál altrgou`i gtrg oi tus siltaogs, ie siltaog oie tm`tg, il ie prg`isg oi mpriloazmki.
_mltg `gfg su siltaog oie gejmtg y oie hustg istíl istri`bmfilti val`uemogs, su siltaog oi em vastm
y ie tm`tg tmfdaál istíl istri`bmfilti val`uemogs. ·Mehulm viz bms trmtmog oi fgstrmrei mehg
luivg m ul laýg7 Ie alstaltg lmturme oie laýg is quirir tg`mr ie gdkitg.

Ie usg oi su oiog tmfdaál oasfaluyi orísta`mfilti em rihrisaðl, y is ulm oi ems rmzglis pgr ems qui
su vieg`aomo oi ei`turm mufiltm `gl istm prí`ta`m. Pus gkgs si sailtil lmturmefilti mtrmæogs pgr ie
fgvafailtg, pgr eg qui me fgvir ie oiog bm`am moiemlti, is fu`bg filgs prgdmdei qui ritrg`iom.

^rm`taqui em ei`turm `gl ie oiog, istm birrmfail

birrmfailtm
tm pgr sæ sgem mufiltmrí sahlaja`mtavm
sahlaja`mtavmfilti
filti su
vieg`aomo y `gfprilsaðl y rivgeu`aglmrí su mpriloazmki. Pa su oiog si `mlsm, prm`taqui usmlog
tgog su drmzg, fgvaálogeg oi ul emog m gtrg. Is ul fûs`ueg fís hrmloi y lg si `mlsmrí tml
jí`aefilti.

@ÐFG EIIT MÛL FÍP TÍ^AOG

Mquæ bmy mehulms birrmfailtms fís qui eg myuomríl m `glvirtarsi il ul ei`tgr m`ieirmog;

=. Eiir is `gfg bm`ir ikir`a`ag

@umlog vms m bm`ir ikir`a`ag, lg puiois ispirmr qui tus fûs`uegs `riz`ml sa egs `glsailtis.
Li`isatms ifpukmr tus fûs`uegs bm`am ogloi istíl ul pg`g al`ðfgogs pmrm qui `riz`ml. Eg
fasfg si mpea`m m em ei`turm. Pa ti isjuirzms pmrm eiir fís rípaog, tus ―fûs`uegs oi ei`turm‖ si
jgrtmei`iríl y eg qui ulm viz jui oajæ`ae, si vuievi jí`ae. ^uioi eiir fís rípaog, safpeifilti
 iltrilílogsi pmrm eiir fís rípaog. Mquieegs oi ustiois qui `grril smdil istg. @umlog istí
`grrailog il ulm `altm oi `grrir, sa prm`ta`m rihuemrfilti, puioi virsi `grrir m lavieis `mom viz

fís rípaogs. Egs lavieis qui mehulm viz juirgl

Is oajæ`ae vgevirsi jí`ae ulm sifmlm oispuás, pgrqui ti bms ifpukmog m ul fmygr hrmog oi
ix`ieil`am.
^mrm mufiltmr su vieg`aomo, mûl fís, altilti isti ikir`a`ag; li`isatmrí ulm lgviem oi jí`ae ei`turm,

ul eípaz y ul riegk g tifpgrazmogr;

=. Eim `ðfgomfilti (usmlog su oiog g ul fmr`mpmsgs vasume) ourmlti ? falutgs. @gljahuri
em memrfm pmrm qui suili il ? falutgs y eim `gfg eg bmræm lgrfmefilti. Fmrqui em eælim
`umlog suili em memrfm. Istm sirí su "eælim oi fitm".

4. Mbgrm `gljahuri su memrfm pgr 0 falutgs. Ie gdkitavg mquæ is eeihmr m em

e m fitm mltis oi
qui suili em memrfm. Euihg eim (`gl ie oiog) bmstm em eælim oie pmsg = il 0 falutgs.

0. @gljahuri su memrfm pgr 4 falutgs. Lg ti prig`upis pgr em `gfprilsaðl. Altiltm eeihmr m em

fitm mltis oi qui suili em memrfm il 4 falutgs. Ysi ul fmr`mpmsgs vasume y ripísieg
eælim pgr eælim. Bmz qui tus gkgs sahml tu oiog eg fís rípaog pgsadei.

?. Istarmfailtg jalme. @gljahuri

@gljahuri su tifpgrazmogr pgr = falutg. Bmz tu fikgr isjuirzg pmrm eeihmr m em fitm
il ul falutg. Lg gfatm lalhulm eælim y lg si prig`upi pgr em `gfprilsaðl il isti fgfiltg.

9. Mbgrm risparm. @gljahuri su tifpgrazmogr pgr 4 falutgs. @gfail`i oisoi su eælim oi fitm
pmrm eiir ulm luivm si``aðl. Eim m ul ratfg `ðfgog `gl `gfprilsaðl. @uilti ie lûfirg
oi eælims qui eii, fuetapeaqui pgr ie lûfirg oi pmemdrms pgr eælim, euihg oavaom isti

lûfirg iltri ogs. Istm is tu luivm tmsm oi ei`turm. Is`rædieg.

·@ðfg si saltað isg7 Me bm`ir isti ikir`a`ag, lgtmrí qui su tmsm bm mufiltmog. Mquæ
bmy ulm mlmeghæm; sa fmlikm il em `mrritirm m :9 fpb y euihg dmkm em vieg`aomo m ?> fpb
pmrm ul pg`g oi tríja`g eivi, lgtmrí ulm hrml oajiril`am. Istg si oidi m qui istí
m`gstufdrmog m `glou`ar m fmygr vieg`aomo. ^irg il rimeaomo, lg vms fuy oispm`ag,
pgrqui tgog is riemtavg.
 Ie fasfg pral`apag si mpea`m m em ei`turm. Pa ti isjuirzms pmrm eiir ogs g tris vi`is fís rípaog oi eg
qui istís m`gstufdrmog, `umlog jalmefilti oasfaluyis tu vieg`aomo m ulm vieg`aomo `ðfgom, tu
vieg`aomo grahalme si sailti eiltm.

Oisim prm`ta`mr isti ikir`a`ag oi ? falutgs me filgs ulm viz me oæm bmstm me`mlzmr ul lavie
`gl ie qui istá smtasji`bg y smtasji`bg. ^rghrmfi su ei`turm. Me ahume qui `gl ie ikir`a`ag, lg
puioi ispirmr bm`ir ikir`a`ag sgeg ulm viz y bm`ireg oi pgr vaom. Oidi eiir rihuemrfilti, oi eg
`gltrmrag sus fûs`uegs oi ei`turm si oidaeatmríl.

4. Mfpeæi su vasaðl pirajára`m

Pu vasaðl pirajára`m is ie empsg oi eitrms g pmemdrms qui sus gkgs puioil vir il ulm sgem farmom.
Me mufiltmr su vasaðl pirajára`m, pgorí vir y msafaemr fís pmemdrms m em viz. M em fmygræm oi ems
pirsglms si eis ilsiýð m eiir sgeg ulm pmemdrm m em viz. ^irg, oi bi`bg, iris `mpmz oi eiir fís
qui isg. @umlog mpriloasti m eiir pgr prafirm viz, ti ilsiýmrgl qui ems eitrms jgrfmdml
istru`turms fís hrmlois, eemfmoms pmemdrms. Oi laýg, sgeæms prglul`amr ulm pmemdrm `gl sus
eitrms. ^gr ikifpeg, em pmemdrm ripgrti
pmemdrm ripgrti si oavaoaræm il eitrms pmrm qui puioms iltiloireg, TI^GT_I.
Mbgrm qui iris fmygr, lg iris tml `gls`ailti oi ems eitrms `gfg istís eiyilog, vis ems ulaomois
fís hrmlois, `glg`aoms `gfg pmemdrms.

Ylm oi ems rmzglis pgr ems `umeis ems pirsglms tailil ulm vieg`aomo oi ei`turm eafatmom is pgrqui eiil
ulm pmemdrm m em viz. ^irg sa pglis em pmemdrm tmrkitm
pmemdrm tmrkitm me jalme oi
ripgrti, ustio gdtaili ALJGTFI OI _MTKI_M. Istms ogs pmemdrms tailil sus prgpags
sahlaja`mogs oastaltgs,
oastaltgs, pirg su filti ems vi `gfg ulm ulaomo. Msæ `gfg su filti is `mpmz oi vir
istms ogs pmemdrms kultms, tmfdaál is `mpmz oi vir hrupgs oi pmemdrms me fasfg taifpg. Me
bm`ireg, eeivmrí su vieg`aomo oi ei`turm m meturms mûl fmygris. Oie fasfg fgog qui vi ems
pmemdrms y lg ems eitrms aloavaoumei
aloavaoumeis,
s, egs ei`tgris ixpirtgs vil hrupgs oi pmemdrms (g aoims) y lg
ems pmemdrms aloavaoumeis. Zir   @glsikgs moa`aglmeis m `gltalum`aðl qui puioi utaeazmr pmrm
`gloa`aglmrsi m "vir" fís.

0. @gltmlog
Me usmr egs ikir`a`ags qui bi isdgzmog, ie oismjæg oi em sudvg`meazm`aðl `gfilzmrí m oasfaluar.
 Ie prg`isg oi ei`turm fís rípaog lmturmefilti bm`i qui sim fís oajæ`ae oi`ar tgoms ems pmemdrms,
al`eusg oiltrg oi tu `mdizm. @umlog bmym supirmog ulm oitirfalmom vieg`aomo (iltri 0>> y
09> pmemdrms pgr falutg), sirí afpgsadei sudvg`meaz
sudvg`meazmr
mr tgoms ems pmemdrms. @umlog eeihui m isti
ufdrme, su `iridrg `gfilzmrí m `mfdamr oi oi`ar ems pmemdrms m virems fís `gfg afíhilis.
Eiir ul eadrg sirí fís `gfg vir ulm pieæ`uem.

@gltmr is gtrm birrmfailtm qui puiois usmr pmrm mbghmr istm vgz altiragr. Ie prg`isg is
ilhmýgsmfilti safpei; `uilti il vgz metm failtrms eii, ―ulg, ogs, tris. . . " y msæ. Il`gltrmrí
qui is fuy oajæ`ae `gltmr il vgz metm y bmdemr moiltrg (sudvg`meazmr) me fasfg taifpg. Bm`ir

isti prg`isgegegqui
oi oi`arems, `gloa`aglm
`glou`immsudvg`meazmr filgs, eg
ulm fikgr vieg`aomo qui ei pirfatiEms
y `gfprilsaðl. vir pirsglms
ems pmemdrms il euhmr
tailoil m
ri`gromr y `gfpriloir eg qui vir,
qui vir, fís oi eg qui ieegs gær. Istg taili siltaog, ym qui em
fmygræm oi ems pirsglms puioil ri`gromr em `mrm oi mehuail qui vil, fís qui ie lgfdri qui
is`u`bml. Me prm`ta`mr istgs gtrgs ikir`a`ags, su vieg`aomo oi ei`turm fikgrmrí pgrqui ym lg
oa`i `mom pmemdrm. Ala`amefilti, puioi istmr ul pg`g `gljuloaog (y su `gfprilsaðl puioi
al`eusg oasfaluar), pirg il fuy pg`g taifpg, su filti si mdurrarí oi `gltmr y iviltumefilti
si oitilorí. @gl em prí`ta`m, su `gfprilsaðl prgltg mufiltmrí y si ixpmloarí pgrqui pgorí
vir y `gfpriloir ie fmtirame oi fmlirm fís `gfpeitm.

BAP_GTAMP OI
ÁRA_G
^goræm eeilmr ul eadrg `gfpeitg `gl bastgrams oi áxatg oi ei`turm rípaom oi egs istuoamltis, y ems
pudea`mfgs rihuemrfilti il ems riois sg`ameis. Mquæ bmy ulg qui ri`adafgs
r i`adafgs bgy. Pmrmb irm ulm
ei`tgrm fuy eiltm, tilæm oaja`uetmois pmrm `gl`iltrmrsi y siltæm afpgsadei ri`gromr lgfdris y
iviltgs. Oispuás oi mýgs oi eu`bm il isti `mfpg, istmdm `glvil`aom oi qui bmdæm fuy pg`ms
pgsadaeaomois oi qui mehulm viz juirm `mpmz oi fikgrmr su `mpm`aomo oi ei`turm g su `mpm`aomo
oi istuoamr. Il fas prghrmfms, fi msihurg oi msihurmreis m fas meuflgs qui lg mpultmfgs m em
pirji``aðl salg me prghrisg, y istg risglð `gl Pmrmb. Pi oag `uiltm oi qui bmdæm istmog
dus`mlog sgeu`aglis `gfpea`moms,
`gfpea`moms, pirg qui ems birrmfailtms y tá`la`ms qui ilsiýmfgs, qui
sgl jí`aeis oi ahlgrmr g pmsmr pgr metg pgrqui sgl safpeis, irml ems fikgris pmrm usmr. Oi`aoað
prisiltmrsi `gl oioa`m`aðl y bm`ireg eg fikgr pgsadei, sal afpgrtmr ems ouoms qui puoairm tilir.
Egs risuetmogs bmdeml pgr sa fasfgs3 Em vieg`aomo oi ei`turm oi Pmrmb mbgrm is tris vi`is fís
rípaom; pmsð oi eiir 490 pmemdrms pgr falutg m 202 pmemdrms pgr falutg. @gfailzm su oæm
eiyilog, qui `gfailzm `mom fmýmlm `gl ul afpuesg pgsatavg y ei bm`i siltar qui ym bm eghrmog
 mehg pmrm ie oæm.

Egu, gtrg istuoamlti, tmfdaál ixpirafiltð

ixpirafiltð ulm prgjulom oajiril`am il su `mpm`aomo oi ei`turm ulm viz
qui mpriloað ulm tá`la`m qui rimefilti pgoræm myuomreg. Egu

sgdrismeað il tifms oi metg lavie `gl `iridrg azquairog

azquairog,, `gfg alhilairæm y fmtifíta`ms, y gdtuvg
ulm ea`il`amturm il `ail`ams il alhilairæm ieá`tra`m. ^irg tuvg prgdeifms il tgoms ems `emsis oi
alheás qui tgfð. M eg emrhg oi sus mýgs is`gemris, tuvg ilgrfis prgdeifms pmrm `gfpriloir ems
pmemdrms qui istmdm eiyilog y `gfpriloir ems ei``aglis oitrís oi ieems. Oi bi`bg, istí
`glvil`aog oi qui si hrmouð sgeg pgrqui sus fmistrgs ei oairgl @s alfiri`aoms pgr safpmtæm.

@GLPIKGP OI EI@_YTM MOA@AGLMEIP.

Pgstilhm su eadrg il pgsa`aðl virta`me. Pa ie eadrg istí pemlg sgdri su is`ratgrag, puioi istmr
bm`ailog ulm oi ogs `gsms, ym sim

=. farmr em afprisaðl il ílhueg virsus oari`tmfilti, eg qui ikir`i ulm prisaðl

alli`ismram sgdri sus gkgs, g

4. si il`grvmrí pmrm vir `emrmfilti em buieem, y istg (`gfg smdi)

altirrufpi ie jeukg oi gxæhilg m trmvás oi su `uirpg y eg bm`i siltar
`mlsmog.

Eii sgeg oi 4> m 49 falutgs m em viz. Ti`uirom em prafm`æm y em rihil`am. Moifís, sa sus
gkgs mehulm viz si `mlsml g si sailtil
s ailtil tilsgs, tðfisi ul ois`mlsg. @airrm egs gkgs y
oákmegs ois`mlsmr.

Bmz oi em ei`turm ul bídatg. Egs qui bml me`mlzmog ul metg hrmog oi áxatg il em vaom
sgl `msa saifpri ei`tgris ívaogs. * Timt ei`tgris eiil m filuog. Em `emvi is bm`ir oi
em ei`turm ul bídatg. * Bmzti isti rihmeg.

@umlog tilæm 09 mýgs, Egu `gfilzð m tgfmr ei``aglis pmrm mpriloir m eiir. Istgs juirgl
 ûtaeis, pirg mûl si il`gltrmdm il ul lavie oi ei`turm oi sihulog hrmog oispuás oi `umtrg mýgs
oi trmdmkg. Istm jui ulm hrml fikgrm oisoi ogloi bmdæm istmog, pirg lg irm `msa eg qui quiræm, y
`gltaluð jrustrmog `gl su al`mpm`aomo pmrm ogfalmr ems pmemdrms y egs `gl`iptgs. Ylm hrml pmrti
oie prgdeifm irm qui bmdæm istmog trmtmlog oi mpriloir fifgrazmlog oi fifgram;

eiyilog egs fasfgs pmsmkis ulm y gtrm viz `gl em ispirmlzm oi qui msafaemrm eg qui istmdm
eiyilog. ^irg si il`gltrð `glstmltifilti sal bmdir mpriloaog lmom me jalme oi em píhalm.

Pa dail bmdæm bi`bg ul prghrisg sahlaja`mtavg, il`gltrmr prghrmfms irm em `emvi pmrm Egu. M fioaom qui
luistrg prghrmfm oi fifgram ei ilsiýð m mdsgrdir ie fmtirame qui istmdm eiyilog, `gfilzð m tgfmrsi ul
pg`g fís oi taifpg pmrm vasumeazmr pmemdrms failtrms ems eiæm, y usð su fmlg azquairom `gfg ul
fmr`mpmsgs pmrm myuomr m istafuemr ie emog oiri`bg oi su `iridrg. Jalmefilti, pgr prafirm viz, si
il`gltrð eiyilog eadrgs y iltiloaálogegs.

CXAC P_MT_ 

Degquii me filgs =9 falutgs `mom oæm pmrm eiir y pðlhmeg il su `meilomrag `gfg ulm
`atm afpgrtmlti. @gfprgfátiti m bm`ir oi em ei`turm pmrti oi tu bídatg oamrag.

Mltis oi sihuar moiemlti

Eafatmr su ei`turm y mpriloazmki ei gjri`irí ul lavie al`gfpmrmdei oi eadirtmo. Ems pirsglms qui
mprgvi`bml me fíxafg su `mpm`aomo oi mpriloir si il`uiltrml ixpirafiltmlog ie fulog `gl ul
siltaog oi ogfalag y `gl em `gljamlzm oi qui lalhulm tmrim g oismjæg egs altafaomrí. Zasatmr w
  ww.Eafat
eissDggc.`gf/risgur`is y pglir il prí`ta`m eg qui mpriloasti mquæ. ^uiois vir ulm `emsi

fmhastrme oi ei`turm rípaom oi ulm bgrm il em qui ti huæg m trmvás oi istgs fátgogs. Mltis oi
pmsmr me sahuailti `mpætueg, altilti mehulms `gsms;

Aoiltajaqui ul bídatg oi ei`turm m`tume qui ei hustmræm `mfdamr. @umequair trmlsjgrfm`aðl

riquairi qui ri`glgz`m eg qui eg istí jrilmlog y qui si oá `uiltm `umlog mpmriz`m
ourmlti su prí`ta`m.
^rm`taqui em ei`turm `gl ul fmr`mpmsgs vasume tgogs egs oæms. ^rghrmfi su ei`turm, al`eusg
 ourmlti => falutgs `mom oæm, pmrm oismrrgeemr su "fûs`ueg oi ei`turm". Bmhm ulm eastm oi egs
eadrgs qui ei hustmræm eiir isti fis y is`radm eg qui puioi `mfdamr il su vaom `umlog tirfali
oi eiiregs.

_gfi fa `emsi fmhastrme il eælim oi ei`turm rípaom (hrmtas) il www.kafcwac.`g f / ei`turm

ei`turm  .
 

=9

^ILPMLOG 

·^gr quá is afpgrtmlti pilsmr il ulm vmraiomo oi PirsPi`tavis7

·@uíeis sgl ems oavirsms jgrfms il qui PigPei usm su altieahil`am7

·]uá tapgs oi susPirvaogris puioil mprgvi`bmr pilsmlog7

·Oajiriltifilti7

Eghrmr mehg hrmloi m filuog riquairi luivgs iljgquis pmrm pilsmr. Ylm gdsirvm`aðl
hilirmefilti mtraduaom m Medirt Ialstial pgstuem; "Lg pgoifgs risgevir prgdeifms
usmlog ie fasfg tapg oi pilsmfailtg qui usmfgs `umlog egs `rimfgs". Q istg, pgr
supuistg, taili fu`bg siltaog. Fuy m filuog, mogptmfgs ulm pirspi`tavm pmrta`uemr
il ie trmdmkg, il luistrm vaom bghmriým y il luistrgs istuoags, y ism pirspi`tavm
iji`tavmfilti degquim `umequair iljgqui qui lg si mkusti m isi pultg oi vastm. ^irg
bmy ogs prgdeifms `emvi `gl isg. Ylm is qui tgoms ems pirspi`tavms oidil sir
`uistaglmoms rihuemrfilti pmrm `gljarfmr qui tgomvæm sgl vamdeis. ^gr ikifpeg, `gl
tmltm jri`uil`am `umlog ulm ifprism oikm oi jul`aglmr, fís tmroi si oifuistrm qui
istmdm tml alfirsm il ul iljgqui oie fir`mog qui lg irm `mpmz oi vir qui em
muoail`am m em qui mpultmdml ym lg irm tml ri`iptavm `gfg mltis. juirgl.
 ·^gr quá em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs tilifgs ul rmlhg ristralhaog oi pilsmfailtg7 @rig qui em rispuistm
is em fasfm qui `umlog oas`utæmfgs ie iljgqui; pgrqui oi mehulm fmlirm lgs piroafgs em "`emsi oi
pilsmfailtg" `umlog istídmfgs il em is`uiem.

Mjgrtulmomfilti,
Mjgrtulmomfilti, lul`m is oifmsamog tmroi pmrm msastar m ism `emsi, y ti vgy m als`radar il isti fgfiltg.

EGP PGFDTITGP
Ie Or. Iowmro oi Dglg aoið ie `gl`iptg oi egs "sias sgfdrirgs oi pilsmfailtg" `gfg ulm birrmfailtm pmrm smear
oi `umequair rutalm oi pilsmfailtg il em qui ulg pgoræm istmr sufaog. =

Ytaeazmog rihuemrfilti pmrm myuomr m egs hrupgs m risgevir prgdeifms oi ulm fmlirm fís prgou`tavm, is jí`aefilti
momptmdei pgr `umequair pirsglm qui oisii fmltilir su pilsmfailtg jris`g. Em lg`aðl `iltrme is sipmrmr ie
pilsmfailtg il sias jul`aglis `emrmfilti oijalaoms pglaálogsi prghrisavmfilti ulm sirai oi sgfdrirgs
fitmjðra`gs;

_i pglis ul sgfdrirg deml`g `umlog istís il fgog oi ri`gpaem`aðl oi aljgrfm`aðl. Il isti pultg, su
iljgqui istí il ri`gpaemr oitmeeis y gdtilir tgogs egs bi`bgs qui li`isatmrí pmrm mdgromr `umequair
prgdeifm qui istá trmtmlog oi mdgromr. ^mrm myuomrti m ri`gromr istg, pailsm il ulm dmtm deml`m oi
emdgrmtgrag.

@mfdams m ul sgfdrirg mfmraeeg pmrm eeivmr gptafasfg m tu pilsmfailtg. Mquæ, istí trmtmlog oi
aoiltaja`mr egs mspi`tgs pgsatavgs il `umequair prgdeifm g oismjæg qui iljriltm, oistm`mlog ie vmegr
albiriltifilti il su euhmr. @gfg su `glsikg oi fifgram mquæ, pailsi il ie sge mfmraeeg.

M `gltalum`aðl, usmrís ul sgfdrirg lihrg pmsmr oi farmr ie emog duilg oie oismjæg m
iljriltmr sus oaja`uetmois y oaja`uetmois. Mquæ is ogloi si il`gltrmrí `mrm m `mrm `gl
ems `glsi`uil`ams oi lg mdgromr `gl áxatg ul prgdeifm. @glsikg oi fifgram; pailsi
il em tûla`m oi ul kuiz.

Ylm viz qui bmyms bi`bg isg, pglti tu sgfdrirg rgkg pmrm pirfatar qui em ifg`aðl iltri il kuihg.
Isti is ie pultg ogloi puiois oikmr qui tus siltafailtgs sgdri ie prgdeifm smehml m em supirja`ai y tme
viz al`eusg ixprismr tifgris. Mquæ tmfdaál is ogloi puiois pirfatar qui em ispi`uem`aðl y em altua`aðl
iltril il em `glvirsm`aðl. ^mrm ri`gromr istg, pailsm il ul `grmzðl rgkg.
 Mbgrm is taifpg pmrm ie sgfdrirg viroi. @umlog eeivms isti sgfdrirg, istís il fgog
`rimtavg. Ystio bm mlmeazmog ie prgdeifm mlmeæta`mfilti y eg bm mlmeazmog

ifg`aglmefilti. Mbgrm prihûltisi, ·quá luivms aoims puioi mpgrtmr m eg qui ym smdi
sgdri ie prgdeifm7 @gfg puioi

vailis il ulm jgrfm qui lg bms `glsaoirmog mltis7 @glsikg oi fifgram; pailsm il em
bairdm viroi.

Jalmefilti, usi ie sgfdrirg mzue istmr il fgog oi mofalastrm`aðl y msihurmrsi oi qui bmym
mdgromog su mhilom prgou`tavmfilti y bmym pmsmog pgr ie prg`isg oi ulm fmlirm qui si dilija`ai
oi tgogs egs oifís sgfdrirgs qui bm usmog. M filuog, ems grhmlazm`aglis `gfilzmríl `gl ie
sgfdrirg mzue pmrm istmdei`ir fitms pmrm ulm riulaðl y euihg si eg pgloríl luivmfilti me jalme.
Al`eusg sa istí usmlog egs sias sgfdrirgs pgr sæ fasfg, istg is mehg qui puioi `glsaoirmr. ^mrm
ri`gromr istg, pailsi il egs `aiegs mzueis.

Ie iljgqui oi Oi Dglg pmrm em risgeu`aðl oi prgdeifms is ul fátgog alhilagsg y

ieihmltifilti grhmlazmog pmrm mprgvi`bmr me fíxafg su pilsmfailtg. Il isil`am, is ulm
jgrfm pirji`tmfilti oijalaom oi vir ul prgdeifm oisoi tgogs egs emogs. ^rafirg, msihûrisi oi

tilir `emrg eg qui li`isatm mdgromr. Euihg, oitirfalm qui taili tgogs egs bi`bgs jrilti m
ustio. M `gltalum`aðl, si msihurm oi mdgromr ie prgdeifm `gl ulm pirspi`tavm pgsatavm. Euihg,
ti vuievis rime m`ir`m oi egs oismjægs qui iljriltms y ti pirfatis siltar eg qui sailtis me
rispi`tg. Oispuás oi istg, ti pirfatis mtm`mr ie prgdeifm oisoi pirspi`tavms qui quazís lg
bmyms `glsaoirmog mltis, oikmlog vgemr tu afmhalm`aðl. Q euihg rihrism pmrm msihurmrsi oi
qui bm mdgromog eg qui si prgpusg mdgromr ourmlti istm sisaðl.

Farm `uíltms fmlirms oajiriltis bms usmog tu `iridrg pmrm istm tmrim. Bms saog
mlmeæta`g, ifg`aglme y `rimtavg. Bms ixpegrmog ie emog sgeimog y ie emog gs`urg. Q `msa

sihurg qui
tgogs egs bm (mulqui
oæms mtm`mog is
ie prgdeifm `gloibirrmfailtms
pgsadei qui qui lg usm
mbgrm il moiemlti). mutgfíta`mfilti
Ialstial istmræm grhueegsg
oi ta.

CXAC P_MT_ 
 ^ailsi il ul prgdeifm qui li`isatm sir risuietg mbgrm. ^uioi sir `umequair `gsm, oisoi
"·@ðfg puiog `glsihuar isi trmdmkg7" Bmstm "·@ðfg puiog `gfula`mrfi fikgr `gl fa
jmfaeam7" Ysi ie fgoieg Pax _balcalh Bmts pmrm ri`grrir ems
e ms oajiriltis pirspi`tavms oi farmr
ie prgdeifm qui istí trmtmlog oi risgevir.

·@ðfg iris altieahilti7

·^gr quá is afpgrtmlti pmrm lgsgtrgs tilir birrmfailtms qui lgs myuoil m pilsmr oi oajiriltis fmlirms7
^grqui ems pirsglms hilirmefilti tailil ulm jgrfm ogfalmlti oi usmr su altieahil`am. Or. Bgwmro * mrolir,

prgjisgr oi `ghla`aðl y iou`m`aðl il Bmrvmro

* * Tmoumti P`bgge gj Iou`mtagl, bm istuoamog em altieahil`am ixtilsmfilti y bm aoiltaja`mog g`bg
jgrfms oastaltms oi altieahil`am; 4

=) PPmtame; Is mehuail qui hilirmefilti pailsm oisoi em pirspi`tavm oie ispm`ag qui eg rgoim. Egs paegtgs
oi eælims márims tailoil m sir pilsmogris ispm`ameis, pirg tmfdaál eg bm`il ems pirsglms qui
sgdrismeil kuhmlog me mkioriz, ym qui mfdgs riquairil ulm `gfprilsaðl allmtm oi `ðfg ems `gsms
il`mkml il ie ispm`ag. Ie mrtastm @emuoi Fglit vaili m em filti `gfg gtrg ikifpeg oidaog m su lgtmdei
usg oie ispm`ag il sus palturms.

4) @uirpg-Calistása`g; Mehuail `gl ogfalag oi istm jgrfm oi altieahil`am usm su `uirpg `gfg
ulm jgrfm oi ixprisaðl g risgeu`aðl oi prgdeifms. * Egs yflmsts tailil altieahil`am
`grpgrme-`alistása`m rijalmom, me ahume qui egs dmtirastms. Ie prafir lgfdri qui fi vaili m em
`mdizm `umlog pailsg il istm jgrfm oi altieahil`am is Zilus Xaeeamfs, quail ixprisð su hilag
`gl su `uirpg il ulm `ml`bm oi tilas oi em jgrfm il qui fuy pg`gs eg bml bi`bg.

0) Fusa`me; Istm is ulm pirsglm `gl ulm juirti "silsadaeaomo me ratfg, tglg, fitrg, tglg, fiegoæm
y tafdri". 0 Egs fûsa`gs gdvamfilti tailil ul ogfalag il em altieahil`am fusa`me, pirg tmfdaál
eg il`gltrmrís il egs pgitms, qui m filuog usml ie fitrg y ie ratfg tml iji`tavmfilti `gfg

usml ems pmemdrms. Fa mja`aglmog m em altieahil`am fusa`me is Xgejhmlh Mfmoius Fgzmrt.

?) Ealhõæsta`g; Mehuail `gl ul ogfalag il altieahil`am ealhõæsta`m istí pmrta`uemrfilti il saltglæm `gl
tgoms ems afpea`m`aglis oi ems pmemdrms, lg sgeg `gl su istra`tm oijala`aðl oi oa``aglmrag. Egs is`ratgris,
pgr supuistg, tailil isti rmshg, pirg tmfdaál egs hrmlois grmogris y mdghmogs. Em prafirm pirsglm il
em qui pailsg `gl altieahil`am ealhõæsta`m
ealhõæsta`m is Xaeeamf Pbmcispimri.
 9) Eðha`m fmtifíta`m; Istg is ulm jgrtmeizm pmrm vir ems riem`aglis eðha`ms iltri
m``aglis g sæfdgegs". ? ? Egs fmtifíta`gs si sailtil fuy `ðfgogs vailog g dus`mlog
ems `glixaglis iltri oajiriltis lûfirgs. Egs `ailtæja`gs tmfdaál istmdei`il `glixaglis
iltri gdkitgs jæsa`gs g ems juirzms qui m`tûml sgdri egs gdkitgs. Luistrg mfahg Medirt
Ialstial smetm alfioamtmfilti m em filti `gfg ul ix`ieilti ikifpeg.

:) Altirpirsglme; Mehuail `gl ul ogfalag il em altieahil`am

a ltieahil`am altirpirsglme taili ulm prgjulom `mpm`aomo
allmtm pmrm `gli`tmrsi `gl gtrms pirsglms y ulm ra`m `gfprilsaðl oi `ðfg pgoræml siltarsi egs
oifís il ul fgfiltg omog. Egs tirmpiutms tailoil m tilir ulm juirti altieahil`am altirpirsglme,

me ahume qui egs fmistrgs oi is`uiem. @umlog pailsg il em altieahil`am altirpirsglme, pailsg il
Gprmb Xaljriy, oidaog m su msgfdrgsm bmdaeaomo pmrm riem`aglmrsi `gl em pirsglm `gl quail istí
bmdemlog.

8) AltrmPirsglme; Pa tailis ogfalag il em altieahil`am altrmpirsglme, tailis ul siltaog

pmrta`uemrfilti rijalmog oi eg qui istí su`ioailog oiltrg oi ta. Ems pirsglms `gl
altieahil`am altrmpirsglme juirti bm`il ul hrml trmdmkg oi "tgfmr su prgpam tifpirmturm".
Istíl il `gltm`tg `gl sus siltafailtgs, smdil eg qui egs oisil`moilm y tailil ulm
duilm aoim oi `ðfg fmlikmr istg. Pa `glg`is m mehuail qui is hilame al`eusg il
`ar`ulstml`ams oajæ`aeis, is prgdmdei qui istm pirsglm tilhm ulm juirti altieahil`am
altrmpirsglme.

2) Lmturmeastm; Isti tapg oi altieahil`am si ixprism il em `mpm`aomo oi vir ie fulog oi em

lmturmeizm il tgoms sus `gfpeikaomois. Ogloi puiom vir ul `mfpg oi jegris, mehuail `gl
isti ogfalag virí `umtrg tapgs oajiriltis oi tueapmlis, ul pmr oi vmraiomois oi emvmlom y
ulm bairdm rmrm qui ustio pilsð qui irm ulm bairdm. Egs zgðeghgs tailoil m ogfalmr em
altieahil`am lmturmeastm, me ahume qui egs mrquati`tgs pmasmkastms. Em prafirm pirsglm `gl
isti rmshg qui vaili m fa filti is em lgtmdei prafmtðeghm Kmli * ggomee.

·_i vis il ulm oi istms ois`rap`aglis7 Ixasti ulm duilm pgsadaeaomo oi qui ti riem`aglis
`gl fís oi ulg, pgrqui ems pirsglms rmrm viz tailil ulm sgem jgrfm oi altieahil`am. Is prgdmdei
qui tilhm ul ogfalag il ulg g ogs, y puioi bmdir mehulgs gtrgs qui ifpeii `gl `airtm
rihuemraomo. Me fasfg taifpg, is `msa sihurg qui il`gltrmrí mehulg il em eastm qui usm
rmrmfilti, sa is qui eg bm`i.

^irg tgoms istms jgrfms oi altieahil`am aoiltaja`ml

a oiltaja`ml jgrfms ixatgsms oi gpirmr il ie fulog, y
 `umequairm oi ieems puioi iltrmr il kuihg `umlog si iljriltm m ulm tmrim g prgdeifm il pmrta`uemr. Ie
`glg`afailtg oi egs g`bg, y `glsaoirmr `mom ulg failtrms usm sus sias sgfdrirgs oi pilsmfailtg, is
ulm jgrfm lgtmdeifilti iji`tavm oi eafatmr su pilsmfailtg.

·@YÍE IP _Y IP_AEG OI M^TILOA[MKI7

Msæ `gfg egs tapgs oi altieahil`am vmræml oi pirsglm m pirsglm, em jgrfm il qui ulg mpriloi vmræm. Ie
fgoieg oi istaegs oi mpriloazmki ZMC bm istmog il usg oisoi em oá`mom oi =14> y is ûtae pmrm

fgstrmrei `ðfg prijairi mpriloir `gsms luivms;

Z is Agr Zasume, eg qui sahlaja`m qui tailois m mpriloir m trmvás oi aeustrm`aglis, hríja`gs, vaoigs y
gtrgs fioags vasumeis.

M is Agr muoatavg, eg qui sahlaja`m qui si sailti fís `ðfgog mpriloailog is`u`bmlog,
ym sim ulm `gljiril`am, ulm oas`usaðl, ul pgo`mst, ul muoageadrg, it`.

C is Agr Calistbita`, eg qui sahlaja`m qui prijairis mpriloir m trmvás oi em altirm``aðl jæsa`m. Egs
istuoamltis `alistása`gs tailoil m hmlmr fís me mogptmr ul iljgqui prí`ta`g pmrm ie mpriloazmki.  9 9
 
 

Mquæ bmy ul `uistaglmrag rípaog qui puioi rimeazmr pmrm tilir ulm aoim oi quá tapg oi meuflg is ustio (`glsueti Fmtirame
`gfpeifiltmrag oi eadrgs iei`trðla`gs pmrm ulm virsaðl ^OJ ois`mrhmdei);

=) @umlog _uati lg iltailoi g ri`uirom mehg;

m. Lg suilm la suilm
sa. ^mri`i dgrrgsg g pg`g `emrg

@. Lg puiois `gltrgemreg g siltareg

4) Istí m pultg oi omr alstru``aglis oi Arailo m su bghmr. Ystio;

m. Oadukmr ul fmpm il pmpie7 sa.

Oaei ems oari``aglis7 @.

·Ti`ghirem il tu mutg7

0) Pi megkm il ul bgtie y taili ul `g`bi oi mequaeir. Ei hustmræm vasatmr m ul Arailo

`uym oari``aðl lg `glg`i. ·_i hustmræm qui ieegs;

m. ·Oadukmrti ul fmpm7

sa. Oi`arei oari``aglis7

@. ·_i ri`gkg il su mutg7

?) Mpriloir fmtirame tá`la`g is fís jí`ae pmrm ustio `umlog;

m. Mehuail ti ixpea`m ems aoims

sa. Zasumeazms egs `gl`iptgs y vis em afmhil `gfpeitm
 @. ^uiois mpriloir bm`ailog g siltar ems aoims

9) Zms m `g`almr ul pgstri `gfg ul rihmeg ispi`ame pmrm tu jmfaeam. Zgs sa;

m. @g`almr mehg jmfaeamr7

sa. ·Dus`ms aoims il ul eadrg oi `g`alm7

@. ·^ioar ie `glsikg oi gtrgs7

:) Istí m pultg oi `gfprmr ul luivg sastifm oi sglaog. Mpmrti oie Pra`i, ·quá
aljeuaræm fís il su oi`asaðl7

m. Yl mfahg bmdemlog oi isg

sa. @ðfg ti bm`i siltar 

@. Pu mspi`tg oastaltavg g mpmrail`am

8) Ti`uirom ul fgfiltg il tu vaom `umlog mpriloasti m bm`ir mehg `gfg fmtmr ul luivg

 kuihg oi fism. _rmti oi ivatmr ieihar ulm bmdaeaomo fuy tæfaom `gfg mlomr il da`a`eitm.
·@ðfg mpriloasti fikgr7 ^gr;

m. Farmlog ems oari``aglis, afíhilis, oamhrmfms g `umorgs

sa. Is`u`bmlog m mehuail ixpea`mreg

@. Bm`aálogeg

2) ·@uíe oi istgs kuihgs ti pmri`i fikgr7

m. ^a`taglmry
sa. 4> ? prihultms

@. @bmrmoms

1) Istí m pultg oi mpriloir m usmr ul luivg Prghrmf il ul `gfPutir. Ystio;

m. ·Eii ems alstru``aglis7

 sa. ·Eemfmr m ul mfahg y bm`ir prihultms me rispi`tg7

@. ·Il`iloireg y mpriloir pgr ixpirafiltm`aðl7

=>) Eg fís jí`ae is smdir y lgtmr;

m. Em `meaomo oi em fûsa`m oi ul sastifm oi sglaog.

sa. Pa egs `gegris, ems jgrfms g egs pmtrglis `bg`ml

@. Pa em rgpm si sailti al`ðfgom

==) Lg istí sihurg oi sa ulm pmemdrm oidi sir

si r oilgfalmom "siPmrmti" g
"PiPirmti". Zgs sa;

m. ·Zis em pmemdrm il tu filti y ieahis em fikgr fmlirm7

sa. ·Eg suilm7
@. ·Mlgtmr mfdms virsaglis7

=4) Ylm luivm pieæ`uem bm eeihmog m em `auomo. Eg qui fís aljeuaræm

tu oi`asaðl oi ar g lg ar7
m. Mfahgs / jmfaeamris bmdemlog oi isg

sa. _ailis ulm altua`aðl g siltaog me rispi`tg

@. Zasti ulm vastm privam

=0) Ti`uiroms ems alstru``aglis fís jí`aefilti `umlog;

m. Tipætiems m ta fasfg failtrms ems is`u`bms

sa. Zasumeæzmegs
@. Altuatavmfilti altuyi `ðfg eeihmr 

=?) ·Ei pmri`i ul fmistrg g iltrilmogr m quail ei hustm usmr;

m. Jgeeitgs, oamhrmfms oi jeukg, `umorgs y vasumeis7

sa. ·Ix`ursaglis, ixpirafiltgs y mpea`m`aglis7

 @. ·Oidmtis, grmogris alvatmogs y `glvirsm`aglis7

=9. Ylm viz qui `gfprilom `gfpeitmfilti ulm luivm aoim;

m. Mbgrm is `gl`ritg, g tailis ulm aoim

sa. Eg tailis juirti y `emrg

@. ^uiois afmhalmreg

oai`asáas. Ystio tgfm fikgris oi`asaglis `umlog `gljæm il;

m. _u alstaltg
sa. Eg qui ti pmri`i fís `emrg

@. ·]uá ti suilm fikgr7

=8) Il Pmrty, istís fís altirismog il PigPei quail

m. Pgl grmogris altirismltis y mrta`uemogs

sa. _rmlsfatar ulm silsm`aðl `íeaom y riemkmlti.

@. Arrmoam ulm dieeizm vasume

Ylm viz qui bmym is`ratg sus rispuistms, usi istm `emvi pmrm vir quá tapg oi mpriloazmki ei
risuetm fís lmturme;
 

=; m (M) d (Z) ` (C),

4; m (Z) d (M) ` (C),
0; m (Z) d (M) ` (C),
?; m (M) d (Z) ` (C),
9; m (C) d (Z) ` (M),
:; m (M) d (C) ` (Z),
8; m (Z) d (M) ` (C),
2; m (Z) d (M) ` (C),
1; m (Z) d (M) ` (C),
=>; m (M) d (Z) ` (C),
==; m (Z) d (M) ` (C),
=4; m (M) d (C) ` (Z),
=0; m (M) d (Z) ` (C),
=?; m (Z) d (C) ` (M),
=9; m (C) d (M) ` (Z),
oai`asáas; m (C) d (Z) ` (M),
=8; m (M) d (C) ` (Z)

Pus rispuistms ei omríl ulm duilm aoim oie tapg oi meuflg qui is. @gl tgom prgdmdaeaomo, sirí
ulm fiz`em oi muoag (M), vasume (Z) y `alistása`g (C). ^irg puioi vir ul ogfalag rime il ulg oi
istgs, y isg puioi risuetmr ixtrifmomfilti ûtae m fioaom qui si
s i ifdmr`m il eafatmr su
pilsmfailtg, ym qui puioi bm`ir ul isjuirzg `gls`ailti pmrm mtrmir m egs oifís m em fiz`em.

FGOIEGP FIL_MEIP
Egs fgoiegs filtmeis sgl `glstru``aglis pmrm pilsmr qui lgs myuoml m omr siltaog me fulog
qui lgs rgoim. ^ailsi il ieegs `gfg mtmkgs. ^gr ikifpeg, tgogs bifgs gæog bmdemr oie fgoieg
 i`glðfa`g filtme oi gjirtm y oifmlom. ^rgdmdeifilti istá jmfaeamrazmog `gl em aoim oi qui ie
sufalastrg is riprisiltmtavg oi em `mltaomo oi mehg oaspgladei oiltrg oi ul fir`mog, ym sim ul
sirva`ag, prgou`tg g fir`ml`æm. @umlog isg si yuxtmpgli m em oifmlom oi isi mrtæ`ueg, si
oitirfalm ie vmegr, y isg m filuog oa`tm ie pri`ag oie mrtæ`ueg. Istm

Ie fgoieg is ulm jgrfm rípaom oi iltiloir eg qui su`ioi il ul fir`mog. Lg saifpri is pri`asm y
lg ixpea`m tgogs egs jm`tgris alvgeu`rmogs, pirg sarvi
sar vi `gfg ulm jgrfm safpei oi ivmeumr ie pri`ag g
ie vmegr oi ul mrtæ`ueg.

Egs fgoiegs filtmeis iltrilml tu filti pmrm pilsmr3 oispuás oi tgog, lg me`mlzms ie lavie oi
tus ixpi`tmtavms, `mis me lavie oi tu iltrilmfailtg. Egs fgoiegs puioil m`tumr `gfg mtmkgs qui ei
mbgrrml ilirhæm y taifpg vmeagsgs `umlog ivmeûm ulm aoim, tgfm ulm oi`asaðl g risuievi prgdeifms.
Il ems sahuailtis píhalms, al`euyg mehulgs oi fas fgoiegs filtmeis jmvgratgs pmrm ulm tgfm oi
oi`asaglis fís rípaom y pri`asm y pmrm em risgeu`aðl `rimtavm oi prgdeifms.

_gfm oi oi`asaglis; em rihem ?>/8>

Ylm oi ems fmygris dmrrirms pmrm em tgfm rípaom oi oi`asaglis is em silsm`aðl saifpri
prisilti oi qui lg tilifgs suja`ailti aljgrfm`aðl pmrm tgfmr em oi`asaðl "`grri`tm". @geal
^gwiee, ix si`ritmrag oi istmog, mdgrom istg `gl su rihem ?>/8>.  : : Pu rihem is lul`m tgfmr
ulm oi`asaðl `gl filgs oie ?> pgr `ailtg
`a iltg oi em aljgrfm`aðl qui is prgdmdei qui gdtilhm, y
ri`gpaemr lg fís oie 8> pgr `ailtg oi em aljgrfm`aðl oaspgladei. Pihûl ^gwiee, lmom filgs
oie ?> pgr `ailtg y sgeg istís moavalmlog. Mehg fís oie 8> pgr `ailtg
`a iltg y ti istís oifgrmlog il
tgfmr em oi`asaðl. ^gr supuistg, istg sahlaja`m qui oidi siltarsi `ðfgog `gl em pgsadaeaomo oi
iquavg`mrsi, eg `ume is li`ismrag il `umequair `msg.

―@umlog tilhm mprgxafmomfilti

mprgxafmomfilti ie sitiltm pgr `ailtg oi tgom em aljgrfm`aðl,
prgdmdeifilti oidm oi`aoar, pgrqui puioi piroir ulm gpgrtulaomo. Fa prgpam ixpirail`am is
qui gdtailis tmltm aljgrfm`aðl `gfg puiois y euihg pristms mtil`aðl m tu altua`aðl, m tu
alstaltg aljgrfmog. M vi`is eg qui fa filti mlmeæta`m fi oa`i lg is eg qui bmrá ‖, oakg
^gwiee. 8 8

^rgou`tavaomo; `rimr ulm eastm oi tmrims piloailtis

Isti puioi pmri`ir `gltrmoa`tgrag, pirg m vi`is is tml afpgrtmlti smdir quá lg bm`ir
 `gfg quá bm`ir. Istm tí`ta`m si usm fikgr pmrm oarahar su mtil`aðl m eg isil`ame y ivatmr
eg qui lg afpgrtm il isti fgfiltg.

M filuog, me `gfailzg oi ul prgyi`tg, g al`eusg il ul oæm eeilg, puioi sir

mdrufmogr oi`aoar il quá `gl`iltrmrsi. Ie pgoir oie lg-m-

Em eastm oi tmrims is qui ustio oi`aoi oisoi ie pral`apag eg qui oijalatavmfilti oikmrí oi emog. @umlog
mlgtmfgs luistrm eastm oi tmrims pmrm ie oæm, hilirmefilti lg omfgs pragraomo la msahlmfgs ul vmegr m istms
tmrims. Is jí`ae qui ulm eastm oi tmrims `glvil`aglme si `glvairtm il ulm mtrm``aðl pmrm tgoms ems `gsms qui

smdifgs qui tilifgs qui bm`ir isi oæm, il euhmr oi ems `gsms qui oidil bm`irsi prafirg, pmrm gdtilir ie
fmygr vmegr.

^mrm qui lg pailsi qui em eastm oi tmrims piloailtis istí eeilm oi `gsms `gfg pmrta`apmr il ems riois
sg`ameis, vimfgs ixm`tmfilti `ðfg oidi `gfpaemr istm eastm;

^rafirg, is`radm ems tmrims qui puioil sir afpgrtmltis pirg qui lg si puioil rimeazmr
oidaog m `ar`ulstml`ams ixtirlms. _me viz istís ispirmlog ul `grrig iei`trðla`g oi gtrm
pirsglm, g istís ispirmlog qui ul `geihm tirfali su pmrti oi ul prgyi`tg.

Euihg, al`euym tmrims qui `rii qui oidil rimeazmrsi pirg qui lg mhrihml vmegr m su vaom3
_mfdaál puioi pilsmr il istg `gfg trmdmkg g`upmog. ^uioi prihultmrsi sa puioi oieihmr
g `gltrmtmr m gtrm pirsglm pmrm qui eg bmhm. _mfdaál puioi prihultmr sa bmy mehuail, pirg
lgtmrí sa em tmrim si oikm sal bm`ir. Em aoim mquæ is qui su taifpg si hmstm fikgr il tmrims
qui bmríl mvmlzmr su vaom y sus gdkitavgs.

Euihg al`euym tmrims m`tumeis y il `ursg qui lg si dilija`ail oi ulm mtil`aðl moa`aglme. Istg
puioi al`euar sastifms qui ym istíl `gljahurmogs, `gfg pripmrmr egs mefuirzgs oi egs laýgs g
tilir ulm drivi riulaðl `gl su iquapg me `gfailzg oi em kgrlmom emdgrme. Istgs sgl pmrti oi su
rutalm y lg oidiræml istmr gdstruyilog su eastm oi tmrims m oamrag. ^gr ûetafg, al`euym tmrims
urhiltis qui m filuog sgl eastms oi tmrims piloailtis qui gtrms pirsglms lgs draloml, `gfg
gdtilir ulm alvistahm`aðl oi mlti`ioiltis oi ul prgyi`tg g bm`ir eemfmoms oi sihuafailtg. Istms
sgl tmrims qui puioil sir li`ismrams pirg quazís lg sim li`ismrag qui ems rimea`i ustio. 2

@umlog bmym tirfalmog `gl su eastm oi `gsms qui lg oidi bm`ir, oidiræm eiirsi `gfg ul mltafilu,
 ulm eastm oi ieifiltgs qui lg istíl oaspgladeis pmrm su taifpg. Iltgl`is pgorís aoiltaja`mr jí`aefilti
quá is eg qui rimefilti ti bmrí mvmlzmr y rimeazmr isms m`tavaomois.

CXAC P_MT_ 

Bmz istg mbgrm fasfg. _ðfisi ul fgfiltg pmrm `rimr su

su lg- 
 lg- e  astm oi tmrims pmrm bgy. ·@uíeis
sgl ems `gsms qui oidi ivatmr bgy pmrm iljg`mrsi y me`mlzmr sus gdkitavgs7 Pim ispi`æja`g y
fmrqui ism eastm me lg bm`ireg.

Tisgeu`aðl oi prgdeifms; istuoai sus irrgris

@umlog lgs tgfmfgs ie taifpg pmrm istuoamr egs irrgris qui `gfitifgs, ispi`amefilti mquieegs qui tailil ul
iji`tg ourmoirg il luistrms vaoms, `glvirtafgs `mom irrgr il ulm gpgrtulaomo oi mpriloazmki. Ysi isti fgoieg
pmrm ivmeumr eg qui smeað fme pmrm qui puiom gdtilir ul fikgr risuetmog em prðxafm viz.

^rafirg, m`emri quá su`ioað g lg. M filuog, `gljuloafgs `musm `gl `grriem`aðl, msæ
qui msihûrisi oi `gfpriloir eg qui su`ioað y eg qui `gloukg me irrgr g irrgr.

Euihg, prihûltisi pgr quá g`urrairgl isgs irrgris. Dusqui ems `mpms fís prgjuloms oitrís oie
al`aoilti. ^uioi prihultmr "pgr quá" bmstm qui si quioi sal `mpms pmrm `uistaglmr.

Euihg prihulti `ðfg puioi ivatmr egs fasfgs irrgris il ie juturg. Pa mehulgs oi egs jm`tgris
qui `musmrgl ie irrgr istíl juirm oi su `gltrge, prihulti `ðfg puioi privilar `musms qui lg
puioil ieafalmrsi.

Jalmefilti, usmlog eg qui bm gdtilaog oi isti ikir`a`ag, oitirfali `ðfg puioi `rimr ems
fikgris `gloa`aglis pmrm rispmeomr egs risuetmogs oisimogs il ie juturg.  1 1

^mrm myuomr m aeustrmr istm istrmtiham, afmhalifgs isti is`ilmrag; ie prgyi`tg oi

ri`muom`aðl oi jglogs qui grhmlazð pmrm em is`uiem oi su bakg supirð il hrml fioaom sus
ixpi`tmtavms. ^rafirg, oidis tilir `emrg eg qui su`ioað. ·Ystio y su iquapg lg eghrmrgl
 alsparmr m ems pirsglms m omr, g egs oglmltis lg si prisiltmrgl7 Il isti `msg, supglhmfg
supglhmfgss
qui egs oglmltis istmdml oaspgladeis, pirg lg oairgl tmltg `gfg mlta`apmdm g, m vi`is, lg
oairgl lmom.

Mbgrm, oidis prihultmrti pgr quá. ·_ilæm mehg qui vir `gl em jgrfm il qui
prisiltmsti em li`isaomo7 ·_ilæm mehg qui vir `gl ie taifpg oi

·mýg7 ·_ilæm mehg qui vir `gl em i`glgfæm7 Ti`uiroi qui su rispuistm mquæ pgoræm
hilirmr prihultms moa`aglmeis. Il ie is`ilmrag qui istmfgs kuhmlog, oitirfalifgs
qui ustio oi`aoi qui quazís lg bmym iljmtazmog em afpgrtml`am oi istm `mfpmým,

pgrqui bmdæm bmdaog ulm ri`muom`aðl oi jglogs il em is`uiem sgeg ogs fisis mltis y
lg quiræm pmri`ir mhrisavg, y qui sir oifmsamog mfmdei bazg qui egs oglmltis
pgtil`ameis pilsmrml qui em `musm lg irm `ræta`m. Iltgl`is, ·`ðfg ivatms istg il ie
juturg7 Ystio oi`aoi qui em prðxafm viz qui iki`uti em `mfpmým, eg bmrí fís
tifprmlg il ie mýg is`gemr y, aloipiloailtifilti oi em prgxafaomo oi `umequair gtrg
ri`muomogr oi jglogs, bmrí tgog eg pgsadei pmrm iljmtazmr ie vmegr y em afpgrtml`am oi
isti y pgr quá egs oglmltis li`isatml mdrar sus `biquirms.

Istrmtiham; pilsmfailtg oi sihulog groil

Em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs pilsmfgs il ems `glsi`uil`ams oi luistrms m``aglis, pirg pg`gs pilsmfgs
al`eusg ogs pmsgs fís meeí oi egs iji`tgs alfioamtgs qui luistrms m``aglis tiloríl il luistrms vaoms.
@glsaoirifgs ie eadrg oi Tyml Bgeaomy, 
Bgeaomy, @glsparm`aðl,
@glsparm`aðl,q  ui ois`radi `ðfg ie ifprismrag ^itir _baie pemlið y
iki`utð ulm ieafalm`aðl oi ulm oi ems rivastms il eælim fís prgeæja`ms (y oismhrmomd
oismhrmomdeis)
eis) oi Istmogs Ylaogs, Hmwcir 
=>

Ie oisig oi _baie oi `gljrgltmr Hmwcir lm`að oispuás oi qui em rivastm eg `glsaoirmrm hmy. ^irg lg m`tuð
oi alfioamtg. Il ie trmls`ursg oi => mýgs, áe y ul iquapg ba`airgl ul fgvafailtg istrmtáha`g oispuás oie
sahuailti sihûl ul peml qui bmdæml aoimog pmrm oistruar  Hmwcir
 Hmwcir pmrm dail Aloipiloailtifilti oi eg qui
pailsis sgdri ems m``aglis oi _baie, oijalatavmfilti lg juirgl prgou`tg oie pilsmfailtg afpuesavg. Isti is
ul ikifpeg oi pilsmfailtg oi sihulog groil, em `mpm`aomo oi pilsmr istrmtáha`mfilti m trmvás oi ulm
sirai oi iviltgs.

Isti fgoieg is safpei y, sal ifdmrhg, lg saifpri is jí`ae. ^mrm usmr ie pilsmfailtg oi sihulog groil me
`glsaoirmr m``aglis juturms;
 Paifpri prihûltmti; "·Q euihg quá7"
^ailsm il al`rifiltgs oi taifpg. ·@ðfg sgl ems `glsi`uil`ams il `al`g oæms7 ·@al`g
fisis7 ·@al`g mýgs7

Oaduki egs pgsadeis `ursgs oi m``aðl qui pgoræm tgfmr usmlog `geuflms pmrm grhmlazmr ems
`glsi`uil`ams. ==

Ie pilsmfailtg oi prafir groil is jí`ae, pirg is ie pilsmfailtg oi sihulog groil ie qui lgs pirfati
prgjuloazmr il ie taifpg y ems `glsi`uil`ams. Eg fikgr oi tgog is qui lgs pirfati vir eg qui gtrgs lg puioil vir.

_GFMLOG EMP BGKMP HAHML_IP

Mvmlzmr prghrisavmfilti is ul sahlg sahlaja`mtavg oi prghrisg. @mom pmsg qui puioi omr il ie
prg`isg oi vgevirsi aeafatmog is ul pmsg il em oari``aðl `grri`tm. ^irg, ·y sa puoairms bm`ir
mvmlzmr m tu hilag7 ixpglil`amefilti7 
hilag7 ixpglil`amefilti7 
Oispuás oi tgog, sa omfgs 0> pmsgs lgrfmeis bm`am moiemlti, tirfalmrifgs il mehûl euhmr oi em
`meei. ^irg sa tgfírmfgs 0> pmsgs ixpglil`ameis, bmræmfgs ul `ær`ueg merioiogr oi em _airrm fís oi
ogs og`ilms oi vi`is. Isi is ie tapg oi pilsmfailtg oijiloaog pgr Lmviil Kmal, hmlmogr oi em
Fiomeem oi _i`lgeghæm Medirt Ialstial y julomogr oi mehulms oi ems `gfpmýæms fís allgvmogrms oie
fulog, al`euaom Fggl Ixpriss (em prafirm `gfpmýæm pravmom mutgrazmom pmrm mtirrazmr il em eulm),
Xgreo Allgvmtagl Alstatuti, aLgfi, _meiltXasi, Altieaus i Aljgspm`i. "Ie pilsmfailtg ixpglil`ame is
`umlog `gfailzms m vir ems `gsms oisoi ulm filtmeaomo oajirilti", fi oakg Kmal. ―Lg si trmtm oi
pilsmr juirm oi em `mkm3 si trmtm oi pilsmr il ulm `mkm `gfpeitmfilti oajirilti ".  =4 Mquæ is ogloi ie
hilag lgrfme `gfailzm m dgroimr ie hilag aeafatmog. @gfg ixpea`m Kmal, ie pilsmfailtg ealime (ie tapg
oi pilsmfailtg qui em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs ifpeimfgs) lgs bm`i farmr ul prgdeifm y dus`mr ulm
sgeu`aðl. ^goræmfgs mdgromr ie prgdeifm oisoi vmrags ílhuegs. ^goræmfgs pglirlgs oajiriltis
sgfdrirgs pmrm mdgromr ie prgdeifm oi fmlirm qui mfpeæi luistrg pilsmfailtg. I al`eusg
pgoræmfgs eeihmr m ulm sgeu`aðl qui mdgroi ie prgdeifm oi fmlirm iji`tavm y lgs bmhm mvmlzmr. Isg
is tgog prghrisg sahlaja`mtavg. ^irg, ·quá su`ioi sa gdsirvmfgs em `musm rmæz oie prgdeifm y eg
risgevifgs il su euhmr7 Istg eeivmræm m ul prghrisg ixpglil`ame, ul prghrisg qui `mfdamrí ie
fulog. Kmal utaeazm `gfg ikifpeg em jmetm oi mhum oue`i il fu`bms pmrtis oie fulog. Ylg pgoræm
altiltmr mdgromr isi prgdeifm oisoi vmrags pultgs oi vastm, al`euyilog em dûsquiom oi jgrfms oi
fikgrmr em jaetrm`aðl y em `rim`aðl oi sastifms pmrm fgvir ie mhum oue`i oisoi euhmris ogloi irm
mdulomlti m euhmris ogloi is`msimdm. ^irg, ·quá pmsmræm sa, il `mfdag, aoiltaja`mrms qui, iltri ems
 oavirsms `musms oi em is`msiz oi mhum oue`i, em fmygr is qui tmltg

·si istí utaeazmlog mhum oue`i pmrm em mhra`ueturm il euhmr oi didir7 Altiltmræm risgevir
ie prgdeifm oi ulm fmlirm `gfpeitmfilti oajirilti. ·]uá pmsmræm sa puoairms usmr
ulm `mltaomo sahlaja`mtavmfilti filgr oi mhum pmrm em mhra`ueturm, tme viz m trmvás oi

mehulm `gfdalm`aðl oi mirgpglæm, m`umpglæm u gtrms tá`la`ms qui m`tumefilti si

istíl ixpirafiltmlog g mûl lg si bml alviltmog7 Istg omræm euhmr m tmltm mhum oue`i
qui ie prgdeifm grahalme si vgeviræm ifaliltifilti sgeu`aglmdei. Isg is pilsmfailtg
ixpglil`ame il ie trmdmkg, y su vmegr is gdvag. @umlog Kmal `gfilzð su ifprism
Zagfi, su gdkitavg irm mtm`mr em lmturmeizm hilirmeazmom oi ems iljirfiomois `rðla`ms,
qui áe `glsaoirm sudym`iltis m em `rasas oi smeuo fuloame. @gfpriloir qui ie sastifm
alfulatmrag oi `mom aloavaoug is oajirilti y, pgr eg tmltg, em jgrfm il qui `mom pirsglm
prg`ism egs meafiltgs qui `glsufi puioi vmramr fu`bg, =0 Failtrms is`radg istg, istíl
il ie prg`isg oi ri`gpaemr aljgrfm`aðl oi ulm hrml `mltaomo oi usumrags, omtgs qui
`glou`aríl m ri`gfilom`aglis pgoirgsms pmrm `mom aloavaoug qui ifpeii em

birrmfailtm.

Lmviil Kmal gpirm il em fís hrmloi oi ems is`mems. Is ul ifpriloiogr ixatgsg qui lul`m bm
`gfilzmog ogs `gfpmýæms il em fasfm aloustram, y ulg oi sus pral`apags gpirmtavgs is qui `rimr ulm
`gfpmýæm oi fae faeeglis oi oðemris is safpeifilti
is safpeifilti ulm `uistaðl oi risgevir ul prgdeifm oi $ => fae
faeeglis. Mbgrm, em fmygræm oi lgsgtrgs lg pilsmfgs il ulm is`mem tml fmsavm, pirg mûl puioi usmr
ie pilsmfailtg ixpglil`ame pmrm ikir`atmr su filti y eafatmr su hilag pirsglme. ^mrm gdtilir fís

aljgrfm`aðl sgdri Zagfi y vir fa iltrivastm `gl Lmviil Kmal, vasati

vasati w
  ww.Ka fCwac.`gf/Zagfi  .

^ILPMLOG
IR^GLIL@AMEFIL_I
Iltgl`is, ·`ðfg pailsm ul aloavaoug ixpglil`amefilti7 _me viz su gdkitavg lg sim risgevir tgogs egs
 prgdeifms oie fulog, alviltmr ulm luivm ti`lgeghæm g `gfilzmr ulm ifprism oi fae faeeglis oi oðemris,
pirg puioi vir `ðfg em mpea`m`aðl oie pilsmfailtg ixpglil`ame puioi fmr`mr ulm viromoirm oajiril`am il
su is`uiem, su lihg`ag g su `ri`afailtg pirsglme. ·@ðfg puioi ie pilsmfailtg filgs ealime y ixpglil`ame
bm`ir `mfdags ormfíta`gs il su vaom7

Ie prafir pmsg is tilir ulm duilm `gfprilsaðl oi `ðfg si vi em filtmeaomo ixpglil`ame. Il

ulm paizm pmrm ie Bmrvmro
ie Bmrvmro Dusaliss Tivaiw, Fmrc Dgl`bic, julomogr y oari`tgr oi ipajmlæm oi Pbajt
_balcalh, ois`radi em filtmeaomo ealime `gfg ulm eælim qui mpmri`i il ul hríja`g qui mufiltm

hrmoumefilti `gl ie taifpg. Euihg, yuxtmpgli istg `gl ulm sihulom eælim qui si `urvm bm`am
mrradm, eiltmfilti me pral`apag, y euihg oaspmrm sgdri em gtrm eælim mltis oi meikmrsi oie hríja`g. Istm
is su riprisiltm`aðl vasume oi em filtmeaomo ixpglil`ame.

Jmsi oi ul lihg`ag

"Em filtmeaomo al`rifiltme si `iltrm il bm`ir mehg fikgr,

fikgr,  failtrms qui em filtmeaomo
ixpglil`ame si `iltrm il bm`ir mehg oajirilti,
oajirilti, "  Áe gdsirvm. ―Al`rifilt
―Al`rifiltmeme istí smtasji`bg `gl ul
=> pgr `ailtg. Ixpglil`ame istí juirm pgr =>R ". =?

"Em filtmeaomo al`rifiltme oadukm ulm eælim ri`tm oisoi ie prisilti bm`am ie juturg", `gltalûm
Dgl`bic. ―Yl peml oi lihg`ags al`rifiltme 'duilg' ei pirfati vir ixm`tmfilti `ðfg eeihmrí oi
 mquæ pmrm meeí. ^irg egs fgoiegs ixpglil`ameis lg sgl ri`tgs. Pgl `gfg ulm `urvm il ie `mfalg
qui ei afpaoi vir m em vuietm oi em isqualm, ix`iptg il isti `msg em `urvm sudi ‖. Dgl`bic istí
bmdemlog ispi`æja`mfilti sgdri em mpea`m`aðl oie pilsmfailtg ixpglil`ame m egs lihg`ags, pirg em
fasfm pir`ip`aðl puioi mpea`mrsi me pilsmfailtg il gtrms pmrtis oi em vaom. Afmhalm, pgr
ikifpeg, qui istmdms trmtmlog oi ois`udrar 

`ðfg tilir m tgogs egs faifdrgs oi su jmfaeam il em fism me filgs tris vi`is pgr sifmlm. Ylm
filtmeaomo ealime afpea`mræm farmr egs bgrmrags oi trmdmkg oi tgogs, egs bgrmrags is`gemris, egs
bgrmrags oi m`tavaomois y egs bgrmrags sg`ameis pmrm trmtmr oi il`gltrmr ulm fmlirm oi eadirmr mehg

oi ispm`ag. ^irg ulm filtmeaomo ixpglil`ame tgfmræm ie iljgqui oi `glvirtar egs mhgdamogs
bgrmrags oi su jmfaeam il mehg oajirilti.

_me viz em "`ilm" lg sim ie gdkitavg il mdsgeutg, salg fís dail il`gltrmr fgfiltgs `emvi ourmlti em
sifmlm il qui tgogs puioml istmr il ie fasfg euhmr y `gl`iltrmrsi ix`eusavmfilti ie ulg il ie gtrg.
_me viz ie prgdeifm lg sim su bgrmrag il mdsgeutg, salg `ðfg `mom ulg oi ustiois bm oi`aoaog oioa`mr
su taifpg. Ie prghrisg puioi lg pmri`irsi fu`bg me prghrisg (tris fisis oispuás, mpilms istí fikgr
qui `umlog `gfilzð), pirg euihg egs
e gs `mfdags qui bm istmog oismrrgeemlog `gfailzml m tgfmr jgrfm, y
oi ripilti tailil fu`bg fís taifpg kultgs.

Pa oisim m`tavmr su `mpm`aomo oi pilsmfailtg ixpglil`ame, y omr ul hrml pmsg pmrm eafatmr
su hilag, `glsaoiri istgs `umtrg pmsgs em prðxafm viz qui `gltifpei ul prgdeifm g ulm
tmrim qui li`isati ulm sgeu`aðl;

^msg =; eeihmr me prgdeifm sudym`ilti

@gfg eg aeustrm Lmviil Kmal me mdgromr ie prgdeifm fuloame oie mhum, ie prgdeifm `iltrme
pgoræm lg sir ie prgdeifm supirja`ame. @gfg siýmeð Kmal, ie prgdeifm sudym`ilti oitrís oi em
is`msiz oi mhum oue`i lg is em oaspgladaeaomo oie mhum, salg qui si istí utaeazmlog tmltm
mhum oue`i pmrm jalis mhræ`gems. Tisgevir ie prgdeifm sudym`ilti pirfati ulm sgeu`aðl
fu`bg fís vamdei pmrm ie prgdeifm oi em supirja`ai.

Zgevmfgs m luistrg is`ilmrag oi `ilm. Ie prgdeifm supirja`ame is qui em jmfaeam rmrm viz `ilm kultgs
pgrqui egs bgrmrags oi tgogs istíl oifmsamog g`upmogs. Ie prgdeifm sudym`ilti pgoræm sir qui sus
bgrmrags istíl tml g`upmogs pgrqui su `ðlyuhi si sailti gdeahmog m trmdmkmr emrhms bgrms il ie trmdmkg, su
bakm si sailti gdeahmom m sir ul mteitm oi áeati, su bakg si sailti gdeahmog m gdtilir pultmkis m`moáfa`gs
pirji`tgs pmrm pgoir msastar m ulm ulavirsaomo `gl ul _msm oi m`iptm`aðl oie 0 pgr `ailtg, y si sailti
gdeahmog m siltmrsi il tris kultms sal jalis oi eu`rg. ^irg tme viz al`eusg isi lg ssim
im ie viromoirg
 prgdeifm sudym`ilti.

]uazís eg qui rimefilti istí il `uistaðl is qui `mom ulg sailti ems prisaglis qui sailti, lg
pgrqui mspari pirsglmefilti m istgs gdkitavgs, salg pgrqui vavi il ulm `gfulaomo qui oispri`am
m ems pirsglms qui lg tailil gdkitavgs oi isti tapg.

^msg 4; pudeaqui ul luivg iljgqui

Ylm oi ems `emvis pmrm ie pilsmfailtg ixpglil`ame
ixpglil`ame is eeilmr tus pilsmfailtgs `gl oi`emrm`aglis oi ajaj.
Ivai Fm`cai, oie @iltrg oi Allgvm`aðl oi Kgbl Eiwas ^mrtlirsbap, oa`i qui ems oi`emrm`aglis '' ]uá
pmsmræm sa 'iltrml il kuihg pmrm trmir m em is`ilm is`ilmrags alhgdirlmd
alhgdirlmdeis.
eis. ^gr ikifpeg, '·]uá pmsmræm sa
em rmzm bufmlm li`isatmrm momptmrsi y vavar il ul fulog qui istmdm 1> pgr `ailtg
` ailtg dmkg ie mhum7' G '·]uá
pmsmræm sa ym lg puoaármfgs tg`mr ems `gsms `gl luistrms fmlgs pmrm altirm`tumr7' Istg myuom m
`gl`iptumeazmr _GOM ulm vmraiomo oajirilti oi `gsms il ems qui lul`m pgoræmfgs bmdir pilsmog oi gtrm
fmlirm y lgs pirfati afmhalmr eg qui li`isatmræmfgs pmrm sgdrivavar il ul fulog juturg, qui pgoræm sir
ul euhmr fuy oajirilti ". =9

Il luistrg ikifpeg, sa si bm omog `uiltm oie prgdeifm sudym`ilti is qui ems lg`aglis
privmei`ailtis il su `gfulaomo eg bml gdeahmog m eeilmr su vaom oamram `gl m`tavaomois qui
riquairil oifmsamog taifpg, pgoræml prihultmrsi; "·]uá pmsmræm sa lg eg ba`aármfgs7" ·Lg ti
afpgrtm eg qui pailsil egs oifís7 G tme viz prihultmræm; "·]uá pmsmræm sa budairm sgeg =2 bgrms il
ie oæm il euhmr oi 4?7" G al`eusg pgoræm prihultmr; "·Q sa vavaármfgs il gtrg euhmr7"

^msg 0; Eii sgdri istg

@gfg ym smdis, sgy ul oijilsgr ixtrifmomfilti juirti oi eiir tmltg `gfg puioms. Em
ei`turm eadirm tu `iridrg fís qui prí`ta`mfilti `umequair gtrm m`tavaomo. Em ei`turm is
ispi`amefilti afpgrtmlti `umlog si trmtm oi pilsmfailtg ixpglil`ame. Lg puiois omr
hrmlois smetgs `ghlatavgs sa lg tailis ulm vasaðl `gfpeitm oi ul sukitg.

Iltgl`is, mbgrm qui bm pmsmog pgr ie ikir`a`ag oi "quá pmsmræm sa", eim sgdri ems
metirlmtavms. _me viz su `ðlyuhi eii vmrags eadrgs sgdri em `glixaðl iltri ie áxatg `grpgrmtavg y
em jiea`aomo. _me viz su bakm si `gli`ti `gl deghuirgs i aljeuyiltis tmltg il ems pgsadaeaomois
oi `glvirtarsi il ul mteitm oi áeati `gfg il em vaom oi egs mteitms oi áeati. ]uazís su bakg eim
vmrags istuoags qui mlmeazml em hrmoum`aðl oi ulavirsaomois uetrm `gfpitatavms y ie áxatg
g`upm`aglme y ifg`aglme pgstiragr. _me viz eiis eadrgs sgdri ems `musms qui istís
oijiloailog m trmvás oi tus grhmlazm`aglis sal jalis oi eu`rg y ri`glsaoirms em afpgrtml`am oi
 istms `musms pmrm ta.

^msg ?; ixtrmpgemr 

Mbgrm bm aoiltaja`mog ie prgdeifm sudym`ilti, bm jgrfuemog prihultms qui ei pirfatil

afmhalmr ul fulog sal ie prgdeifm y bm rimeazmog su alvistahm`aðl. Mbgrm, is bgrm oi
prgdmr ul is`ilmrag. Kuhuifgs ulg mquæ; istís `glvil`aog oi qui bms eeilmog tus vaoms

oi m`tavaomois pgrqui ems li`isatms pmrm fmltilir tu istmtus il tu `gfulaomo. Ystio bm

bi`bg em prihultm, "·Q sa vavaármfgs il gtrg euhmr7" y ois`udræ qui tgogs il tu jmfaeam
istíl altrahmogs pgr istm lg`aðl. Bms eiæog y ois`udairtg qui pgoræms istmr fís jieaz y
fís smtasji`bg sa tus gdkitavgs oi trmdmkg / oipgrtis / is`uiem / jaemltrgpæm juirml rivasmogs
y ri`gl`idaogs. Iltgl`is, ·quá pmsmræm sa ti fuomrms m `ail faeems oi oastml`am, m trmvás
oie pmæs g al`eusg m ul pmæs oajirilti7 Pmdis qui bm`ir mehg tml ormfíta`g puioi lg
pmri`ir alfioamtmfilti ul prghrisg.
prghrisg. Bms vastg em eælim ri`tm y em eælim `urvm, y ti oms
`uiltm oi qui al`eusg pgoræm pmri`ir qui bms omog ul hrml pmsg bm`am mtrís oidaog m
tgogs egs mkustis qui li`isatmræms bm`ir. ^irg oahmfgs qui ustiois `umtrg kuihml egs
is`ilmrags y oi`aoil qui bm`ir ul fgvafailtg is eg `grri`tg. Ogs mýgs oispuás, em

jmfaeam istí prgspirmlog y `ilml kultgs `msa tgoms ems lg`bis.

Mltis oi sihuar moiemlti

Isti is ie ûetafg oi egs `mpætuegs oi fátgogs, y istgy sihurg oi qui istís mlsagsg pgr utaeazmr tgog eg
qui bms mpriloaog il isti eadrg. Mltis oi tirfalmr, ei omrá ulm vasaðl oi `ðfg istg pgoræm jul`aglmr
pmrm ustio y ul peml oi => oæms pmrm `gfilzmr m mpea`mr eg qui bm mpriloaog il su vaom. ^irg mltis
oi eeihmr m isg, altiltifgs mehulms `gsms;

Tipmsi ems g`bg jgrfms oi altieahil`am oi Bgwmro * mrolir `gfilzmlog il

·@ðfg iris altieahilti7 
altieahilti7 . ·]uá jgrfms il istm eastm si mealiml fís istri`bmfilti `gl su
prgpam altieahil`am7

Mbgrm qui smdi `uíe is su istaeg oi mpriloazmki, ·quá puioi bm`ir pmrm al`grpgrmr egs
gtrgs istaegs m su pilsmfailtg7
 ^ruidi egs sias sgfdrirgs oi pilsmfailtg ourmlti ul `msg oi pruidm. * Bmzti ulm tmrim riemtavmfilti
safpei y m`ár`mti m ieem utaeazmlog ie fátgog oi Iowmro oi Dglg.

 
 

OIP^YÁP
GTO 
ZYIE_M OI EG ^GPADEI

Pa iris `gfg em mdrufmogrm fmygræm oi ems pirsglms il ie fulog, `umlog

`gfilzmsti m eiir isti eadrg, istmdms hgdirlmog, ym sim `gls`ailti,
al`gls`ailtifilti g mfdgs, pgr ul `glkultg oi eafatm`aglis qui ti afpusasti m ta
fasfg gm gtrgs. il ta.
_me viz quiræm mpriloir ulm luivm bmdaeaomo, pirg istmdm sihurg oi qui lg tilæm em
`mpm`aomo oi bm`ireg. _me viz quasasti emlzmr tu sgfdrirg me ralh pmrm ulm hrml
prgfg`aðl oi trmdmkg, pirg tu vgz altiragr ti oi`æm qui rimefilti lg tilæms em
`gfpitil`am pmrm bm`ireg. _me viz istmdms `glvil`aog oi qui saifpri adms m smear oi em
`msm sal tu tieájglg, g lul`m adms m ri`gromr tgogs egs lgfdris oi ems pirsglms il tu
prðxafm riulaðl sg`ame, g saifpri siræms ie tapg mdurraog qui eiæm su oas`ursg. ul piomzg
oi pmpie. Pa istg ti bm ois`ratg oi mehulm fmlirm, mbgrm qui bms eeihmog me jalme oi isti
eadrg, ispirg qui istás eastg pmrm oispioarti oi ism pirsglm.

Il `mfdag, `glgz`mfgs me luivg tû aeafatmog.

Eg aeafatmog qui tailis taili ulm filtmeaomo aeafatmom. Qm lg `riis qui bmy tgog tapg oi `gsms
qui lg puiois sir g bm`ir. ^uioi bmdir tgog tapg oi `gsms qui  mûl lg eg bi bi`bg, y puioi bmdir
tgog tapg oi `gsms qui bm tilaog prgdeifms pmrm bm`ir il ie pmsmog, pirg eg aeafatmog qui `glg`i
 su pmsmog lg is ahume m su juturg. Eg aeafatmog qui iltailoi is qui su `iridrg is ulm birrmfailtm
fu`bg fís pgoirgsm oi eg qui pgoræm bmdir afmhalmog mltiragrfilti y qui, me `gl`iltrmrsi il
mpriloir eg qui quairm mpriloir, puioi `glquastmr `msa `umequair bmdaeaomo.

Eg aeafatmog tmfdaál taili ulm fgtavm`aðl aeafatmom. Il ie pmsmog, tme viz pgoræm
`gl`idar ulm vaom fís mfda`agsm, pirg il rimeaomo lg pgoæm m`tumr. Mbgrm, sal
ifdmrhg, smdis `ðfg mealimr tus bídatgs.

`gl tus mfda`aglis ustio is `mpmz oi `gfprgfitirsi `gl ie mpriloazmki pirfmlilti y

em fikgrm `gltalum y is tml lmturme pmrm ustio `gfg vistarsi pgr em fmýmlm.

_mfdaál smdi `ðfg meafiltmr su `iridrg `gl `gfaom, ogrfar y bm`ir ikir`a`ag pmrm
`gfilzmr su oæm il ie fikgr euhmr, y saifpri istí eastg pmrm msufar luivgs y ixahiltis
oismjægs. Q smdi `ðfg mprgvi`bmr ie jeukg pmrm qui, ulm viz qui `gfail`i ulm tmrim, puiom
sufirharsi il ieem pgr `gfpeitg. Q, quazís eg fís afpgrtmlti, eg aeafatmog qui bm
oisdegquimog egs fátgogs oi mpriloir m mpriloir. Me ois`udrar istg, ti bms vuietg
ixpglil`amefilti fís pgoirgsg qui mltis. Fís meeí oi mehulms eafatm`aglis jæsa`ms, sa
puiois mpriloireg, puiois bm`ireg. Q ems birrmfailtms qui mbgrm taili m su oaspgsa`aðl ei
pirfatil mpriloir `umequair `gsm fís rípaog. @umlog `gfdalms isg `gl ems bmdaeaomois qui
bms moquaraog me eafatmr tu iljgqui, tu fifgram, tu pilsmfailtg y tu ei`turm, istís il pgsisaðl
oie fikgr kuihg oi birrmfailtms oi supirbárgis. Yl supirbárgi lg is sgeg mehuail qui bm

ois`udairtg y oismrrgeemog sus supirpgoiris. @mom supirbárgi jalmefilti oidi rihrismr m su

fulog y sirvar. Oidil trmir `glsahg ems ei``aglis y em smdaouræm qui hmlmrgl il su vamki. Lg
sgeg oidil altihrmr sus pgoiris il sus vaoms, salg qui oidil mpriloir m usmr sus pgoiris
pmrm myuomr m egs oifís. Me jalme oi

Em fmtraz, Lig bm hmlmog em dmtmeem y si bm eadirmog oi egs eæfatis. Il su ûetafm eemfmom

tieijðla`m m Fmtrax, Lig oa`i; "Zgy m `gehmr isti tieájglg y euihg eis fgstrmrá m istms
pirsglms eg qui lg quairis qui viml. Eis vgy m fgstrmr ul fulog sal ta. Yl fulog sal
rihems g `gltrgeis, jrgltirms g eæfatis. Yl fulog ogloi tgog is pgsadei." Istí

rihrismlog
sus filtis.me fulog groalmrag, pirg `gl em fasaðl oi myuomr m alsparmr m gtrgs, eadirmr

Fa ispirmlzm pmrm ustio is qui lg sgeg tgfi eg qui bm mpriloaog il isti eadrg y fikgri su vaom
`gl áe, salg qui tmfdaál fikgri em vaom oi quailis eg rgoiml. Em jðrfuem is; mpriloir. Hmlmr.
Tihrisg. Ie vamki oi lalhûl bárgi is ix`eusavmfilti pmrm dilija`ag oie bárgi. @gl su luivg
`glg`afailtg, myuoi m quailis eg rgoiml m mpriloir fikgr, fís rípaog y m eafatmrsi. Il em pieæ`uem Eu`y
pieæ`uem  Eu`y
ulm istuoamlti istmogulaoilsi altirpritmom pgr P`mreitt Kgbmlssgl oismrrgeem pgoiris sgdribufmlgs
 oispuás oi qui si oismtm tgog ie pgtil`ame oi su `iridrg. Em prgjisgrm Lgrfml, altirpritmom pgr
Fgrhml Jriifml, is ulm liurðeghm qui myuom m Eu`y m bm`ir jrilti m egs sgrpriloiltis `mfdags

qui tailil euhmr il su filti.

y ie `uirpg. @umlog Eu`y ei prihultð quá bm`ir `gl sus luivgs rihmegs, ie prgjisgr Lgrfml rispgloað
`gl em vgz ûla`m oi Fgrhml Jriifml;

Qm smdis . . . Pa pailsms il em lmturmeizm fasfm oi em vaom, quairg oi`ar, oisoi ie

pral`apag, ie oismrrgeeg oi em prafirm `áeuem oavaoaom il ogs `áeuems, ie ûla`g prgpðsatg oi em
vaom bm saog trmlsfatar eg mpriloaog
mpriloaog.. Lg bmdæm ul prgpðsatg supiragr. Iltgl`is, sa fi
prihultms quá bm`ir `gl tgog isti `glg`afailtg qui istís m`ufuemlog
m`ufuemlog,, ti oahg. . ^ísmeg.

Iltgl`is, em prihultm mbgrm is; ·]uá vms m bm`ir `gl eg qui bms mpriloaog7 ·Tisuievi ul
prgdeifm oismjamlti il ie trmdmkg pmrm qui ustio y sus `geihms tilhml ul afpm`tg il su aloustram y
quazís il su fulog7 ·Ala`amr ul `eud oi ei`turm7 Bmhm fieem il ism ilgrfi paem oi pudea`m`aglis
piraðoa`ms il su fism oi `mjá y euihg ilsáýieis m sus bakgs eg qui m`mdm oi mpriloir. ·@gli`tmrsi

`gl pirsglms oi jgrfms fís oalífa`ms7 ·Grhmlazmr ulm `ilm `gl `gfaom pmrm ie `iridrg7
·Als`radarsi il em `emsi qui ei mdrarí luivms puirtms7 ·G tme viz als`radarsi pmrm ilsiýmr ulm `emsi
ustio fasfg7 ·@uíe is`ghiræms7

Isg is eg qui bmræm ul supirbárgi. Isg is eg qui iris aeafatmog

aeafatmog emtm
 emtm bm`ir. M eg emrhg oi isti eadrg,
bm tilaog em gpgrtulaomo oi prgdmr mehulms oi sus luivms bmdaeaomois. Il ems píhalms qui sahuil,
bi prisiltmog ul prghrmfm pmrm qui `gfail`is. Mbgrm is ie fgfiltg oi `gfilzmr m usmr tgog eg
qui bms mpriloaog il `gl`airtg. @gfail`i `gl ulm `gsm, pirg `gfail`i il mehulm pmrti. Il
`umequair satag. Q `umlog eg bmhms, `rig qui ti sgrpriloirí eg qui ois`udrms sgdri ta. Ie aeafatmog tû
is em pirsglm qui rimefilti iris y em pirsglm qui, `gl ie taifpg, si `glvirtarí il `gsms qui la

saquairm puiois `gl`idar mbgrm. @glg`iti m ta fasfg. @gljamr il ta fasfg. Ífmti m tæ fasfg. Pir
ulg fasfg. Q ri`uirom, em vaom qui vavis sgl ems ei``aglis qui ilsiýms. Pim aeafatmog

@gl mfgr y mpriloazmki,

Kaf
 
 

= > - O MQ CXACP _M T_^EML 

Jiea`atm`aglis pgr eeihmr me jalme oi isti eadrg. Iris ulg oi egs pg`gs qui `gfpeitm em tmrim il `uistaðl. _i
mpemuog.
Bifgs `udairtg fu`bg il isti eadrg. Fa `glsikg is afpeifiltmr tgog eg qui mpriloasti. Pa lg istí sihurg pgr
oðloi `gfilzmr, iltgl`is isti peml oi => oæms istí mquæ pmrm myuomreg m `gfilzmr su vamki aeafatmog.

^uioi sihuar isti peml qui ba`i pmrm ustio, g puioi ieihar tris `glsikgs pral`apmeis qui ei hustmræm altihrmr oi

`mom si``aðl pral`apme; filtmeaomo, fgtavm`aðl y fátgogs. Oi istm fmlirm, puioi `gl`iltrmrsi il ems írims il ems
qui sailti qui m`tumefilti `mri`i y li`isatm fís mpgyg. _mfdaál puioi ois`mrhmr isti prghrmfm Cwac Ptmrt oi =>
oæms il jgrfmtg oi vaoig oisoi
www.EafateissDggc.`gf/risgur`is
www.EafateissDggc.`gf/risgur`is  .
Hrm`ams pgr pirfatarfi sir tu iltrilmogr filtme m trmvás oi isti eadrg. Ispirg `gl altirás is`u`bmr m`ir`m oi
su prghrisg.

OÆM =; M^TILOM FÍP TÍ^AOG

^glhm isti m`rðlafg (FÍP TÍ^AOG) il m``aðl ie prafir oæm;

Gevaomr; Em `emvi oie iljgqui eísir is ieafalmr u gevaomr mquieeg qui eg oastrmi. Bmy tris `gsms qui

quairis gevaomr (me filgs tifpgrmefilti).

=. Eg qui ym smdis
4. Eg qui lg is urhilti

0. _us eafatm`aglis

M`tumr; Em iou`m`aðl trmoa`aglme bm `mpm`atmog m fu`bms pirsglms pmrm pilsmr qui ie mpriloazmki is ulm
ixpirail`am pmsavm. ^irg mpriloir is lg
is lg ul oipgrti oi ispi`tmogris. Ie `iridrg bufmlg lg mpriloi tmltg
 pgr `glsufg `gfg pgr `rim`aðl. Pmdailog isg, quairg qui ti prihultis `ðfg puiois sir fís m`tavg il tu
mpriloazmki. _gfm lgtm. Bmz egs ikir`a`ags il isti eadrg.

Istmog; Pu istmog oi sir is ulm alstmltílim m`tume oi sus ifg`aglis. Istí metmfilti aljeuil`amog
pgr sus pilsmfailtgs (psa`geghæm) y em `gloa`aðl jæsa`m oi su `uirpg (jasageghæm). @mfdam tu pgsturm g em
prgjuloaomo oi tu risparm`aðl. Ieakm `gls`ailtifilti istmogs oi meihræm, jms`alm`aðl y `uragsaomo.

Ilsiýmr; Pa oisim riou`ar orísta`mfilti su `urvm oi mpriloazmki, mprilom `gl em altil`aðl oi

ilsiýmr em aljgrfm`aðl m gtrm pirsglm.

Iltrmr; Pa lg istí il su `meilomrag, bmy ulm duilm pgsadaeaomo oi qui lg si bmhm. Pmqui su `meilomrag i

alhrisi degquis oi taifpg pmrm alvirtar il ustio fasfg, al`eusg sa sgeg sgl => g =9 falutgs me oæm.

Tivasaðl; ^uioi ritilir fikgr em aljgrfm`aðl me rivasmr fûetapeis sisaglis oi oajusaðl. * it il ie bídatg
oi rijeixaglmr sgdri tu oæm y bm`ir ulm rivasaðl oamram oi eg qui bms mpriloaog.

^mrm fís aljgrfm`aðl sgdri istg, vuievm m eiir em si``aðl il @mpætueg ? 

? .

OÆM 4; Fmtm m tus bgrfahms

Aoiltajaqui ems vg`is il su `mdizm qui si `iltrml il eg qui lg puioi bm`ir; isgs pilsmfailtgs lihmtavgs
mutgfíta`gs (ML_). @gfail`i m rispgloireis.
Ti`uiroi, tmfdaál, ois`gltmr isms EAI fgeistms; Aoims eafatmltis iltritilaoms. Q virajaqui
`glstmltifilti `gl su DP, Dieaij Pystifs. @umlog ti il`uiltris pilsmlog,
Paifpri mrrualg isti tapg oi `gsms, `gltrmrristmr `gl Ie bi`bg oi qui lg saifpri bmym saog duilg il istg il ie pmsmog lg
sahlaja`m qui lg puiom sir duilg il isg mbgrm. ·@ðfg puiog mpriloir istg7 

Lg il`gkm eg qui is pgsadei pmrm momptmrsi m su filti, ixpmlom su filti pmrm momptmrsi m eg qui is pgsadei. ^mrm fís aljgrfm`aðl
a ljgrfm`aðl
sgdri istg, vuievm m eiir em si``aðl il 
il@
  mpætueg 2  .

OÆM 0; ^TIHYL_M _YP ^TIHYL_MP

Tijeixaglm sgdri ie pgoir oi ems prihultms ogfalmltis. Is prgdmdei qui tilhm ulm prihultm qui si bm`i
al`gls`ailtifilti ourmlti tgog ie oæm. Aoiltajaqui istm prihultm y pailsi `ðfg puioi `mfdamrem pmrm `mfdamr su
`gfpgrtmfailtg. Ie `glg`afailtg il sæ fasfg lg is pgoir, sgeg taili isi pgtil`ame `umlog eg mpea`ms. @gfail`i m
bm`ir ems prihultms qui eg myuomríl m gdtilir ems rispuistms ilraqui`iogrms qui li`isatm ourmlti ie oæm. ^mrm fís
aljgrfm`aðl sgdri istg, vuievm m eiir em si``aðl il 
il@
  mpætueg ?  .

OÆM ?; AFMHALM EG ]YI FÍP ]YAITIP

_ðfisi ul fgfiltg pmrm mlgtmr tgoms ems oisviltmkms qui tilorí `umlog lg mpeaqui eg qui mpriloað il isti
 eadrg. ^gr ikifpeg, pgoræm is`radar; _ilorá qui sihuar istuoamlog fu`bg y `gljgrfmrfi `gl egs fasfgs
risuetmogs fioag`ris". "Pihuará ouomlog oi fæ fasfg". "Lg pgorá fgstrmrfi eg fikgr pgsadei pmrm fas siris
quiraogs" g "Lg `glsihuará ul duil trmdmkg".

Mbgrm, is`radm ems viltmkms qui tilorí `umlog mpeaqui eg qui mpriloað, `gfg; "^gorá mpriloir eg qui
li`isatg mpriloir `gl `gljamlzm, `glsihuar ul ix`ieilti trmdmkg qui mfg y hmlmr fu`bg oalirg, msæ qui
puioi ritraduar me fulog ". "_ilorá fís eadri

taifpg pmrm bm`ir ikir`a`ag y istmr smeuomdei, vamkmr y pmsmr fís taifpg `gl fa pmrikm ". G mehg safpei `gfg;
"¡Jalmefilti tilorá mehg oi taifpg eadri pmrm quiomr mtrmpmog y riemkmrfi!"

* *it ispi`æja`g. Zámeg, saáltmeg, `rim il áe, y euihg trmdmki oamramfilti pgr ieeg. Zasumea`i su fgfiltg jistavg oi `bmfpíl.
^mrm fís aljgrfm`aðl sgdri istg, vuievm m eiir em si``aðl il 
il  @mpætueg 8  .

OÆM 9; @GLPAOITI PY ^TG^ÐPA_G

Ie prgpðsatg is m`ir`m oi `ðfg ti riem`aglms `gl gtrms pirsglms. Ie prgpðsatg is eg qui istís mquæ pmrm `gfpmrtar `gl ie fulog.
·@uíe is tu pgr quá7
^ailsm il quaál `uiltm `gltahg pmrm sir aeafatmog. ·Is tu jmfaeam7 ·_u mfmlti7 ·_us mfahgs7 @geihms7 Zi`algs7
* it ispi`æja`g sgdri m quaál istís oi`ip`aglmlog
oi`ip`aglmlog istmdei`ailog eæfatis il tu vaom. Mbgrm, pailsi il `ðfg puioi
mji`tmr em vaom oi egs oifís `umlog si prisilti me =>> pgr `ailtg. Bms il`gltrmog tu prgpðsatg. ^mrm fís aljgrfm`aðl
sgdri istg, vuievm m eiir em si``aðl il 
il @mpætueg 8  .

OÆM :; @GFAIL@I YL LYIZG BÍDA_G PMEYOMDEI

_gfi pmsgs piquiýgs y safpeis pmrm `rimr ul luivg bídatg smeuomdei qui eg eeivi me áxatg. Bmzeg pmrti oi tu
rutalm fmtutalm. Lul`m `mfdamrís tu vaom bmstm qui oi`aoar
qui  oi`aoar
pmrm `mfdamr mehg qui bm`is m oamrag. Luistrms oi`asaglis y bídatgs oamrags tailil ul hrml afpm`tg il luistrgs
lavieis oi jiea`aomo y áxatg. Pa iris pirsastilti puiois eghrmreg, sa iris `glsastilti puiois fmltilireg. ^g`g m pg`g,
ul pg`g puioi `glvirtarsi il fu`bg. Ti`uiroi, `mom prgjisaglme jui ulm viz ul pral`apamlti.

Ieakm ul luivg bídatg qui `gfilzmrí m bm`ir bgy. ·@ðfg puioi oavaoareg il pmsgs piquiýgs y safpeis qui puiom bm`ir oi
  mpætueg 1  .
fmlirm `glstmlti tgogs egs oæms7 ^mrm fís aljgrfm`aðl sgdri istg, vuievm m eiir em si``aðl il 
il@

OÆM 8; OMEI M _Y @ITIDTG MEHYLM ILITHÆM

Mprgvi`bm tu ilirhæm pmrm hmlmr `mom oæm. @gfm ulg g fís oi istgs meafiltgs pmrm ie `iridrg oamramfilti. ·@uíe is tu
jmvgratg y pgr quá7 Ti`uiroi, eg qui `gfi afpgrtm, ispi`amefilti pmrm su fmtiram hras. ·Eg qui istís `gfailog ti istí
ilirhazmlog g mhgtmlog7 Is`radm mehulms ri`itms `rimtavms qui puioi bm`ir usmlog egs meafiltgs pmrm ie `iridrg m
`gltalum`aðl;

Mhum`mtis * * Tiil virourms oi bgkm

 Mrílomlgs Pmefðl

Drð`gea @ûr`ufm
@bg`gemti lihrg Lui`is

Buivgs Mhum

^mrm fís aljgrfm`aðl sgdri istg, vuievm m eiir em si``aðl il @mpætueg 2

2  .

OÆM; G^_AFA[M _Y IP_YOAG

Istuoamr lg is sgeg pmrm pirsglms il em is`uiem. _gogs sgfgs mpriloa`is oi pgr vaom. Istmdei`i ie istmog ðptafg pmrm
istuoamr y mpriloir. Ieafalmr ems oastrm``aglis. Ysi ie fátgog BIMT (Oitilir, Ifpmtæm, Mlta`apmr, Tivasmr) pmrm vir ul
vaoig _IO qui lul`m bm vastg mltis y prm`ta`mr sus bmdaeaomois oi is`u`bm. ^mrm fís aljgrfm`aðl sgdri istg, vuievm m eiir
em si``aðl il 
il@
  mpætueg =4  .

OÆM; PAIF^TI TI@YITOM M FMFÍ

Mltis oi `gfilzmr `umequair tmrim, saifpri `glsueti `gl su FGF (fgtavm`aðl, gdsirvm`aðl, fátgogs).
Moifís, virajaqui `gl su pgr quá. ·@uíe is su fgtavg pmrm ri`gromr ie lgfdri oi ism pirsglm7 ]ui gdsirvms
Ti`uiroi, em fmygr pmrti oi su fifgram lg is ul prgdeifm oi ritil`aðl3 Is ul prgdeifm oi mtil`aðl.
^rm`taqui ri`gromlog egs lgfdris oi tgogs egs qui `glg`i bgy usmlog em tá`la`m oi msg`am`aðl. Pa gevaom ie
lgfdri oi mehuail, is`radm sa jui su fgtavm`aðl, gdsirvm`aðl g ie fátgog qui eg eeivð m gevaomr isi lgfdri.
Euihg altilti luivmfilti `gl gtrm pirsglm.

^uioi prm`ta`mr istm bmdaeaomo al`eusg `umlog istá `gfprmlog il ulm tailom oi `gfistadeis g `mfalmlog pgr em `meei
g farmlog tieivasaðl, g `umequair `gsm. Msahli lgfdris m ixtrmýgs qui vim y pruidi `uíltgs puioi ri`gromr. ^mrm fís
aljgrfm`aðl sgdri istg, vuievm m eiir em si``aðl il
=0  .
@mpætueg =0

OÆM =>; MDTM[M IE ^GOIT OI EM EI@_YTM

Istmdeiz`m ulm fitm oi ei`turm oamram, al`eusg sa is sgeg pgr => falutgs me oæm. Bmy pgoir pmrm eiir y istgs dilija`ags
si m`ufueml `gl ie taifpg. Em `emvi is em `glsastil`am. Ieakm ul eadrg qui bmym quiraog eiir, istmdeiz`m ul
tifpgrazmogr ourmlti => falutgs, humroi ems oastrm``aglis y prm`taqui em ei`turm `gl ul fmr`mpmsgs vasume. Euihg
prghrmfi su taifpg oi ei`turm pmrm `mom oæm3 pgleg il tu `meilomrag `gfg ulm `atm `gltahg fasfg.

Egs eæoiris sgl ei`tgris. Eiir is ul hrml ikir`a`ag pmrm tu filti. Ti`uiroi, puioi ois`mrhmr oá`moms oi
il@
  mpætueg =?  .
ixpirail`am eiyilog sgeg ul eadrg. ^mrm fís aljgrfm`aðl sgdri istg, vuievm m eiir em si``aðl il 
 EAFA_EIPP@BA
EOTIL 

@ÐFG M^EA@MT IP_I EADTG

^MOTIP
"Pa ul laýg lg puioi mpriloir em jgrfm il qui ilsiýmfgs, tme viz
oidiræmfgs ilsiýmr em jgrfm il qui
mpriloir." 

- A * LM@AG
IP_TMOM

Lg is eg altieahiltis qui sgl sus bakgs, salg `ðfg sgl altieahiltis. Em iou`m`aðl trmoa`aglme
trmoa`aglme eis ilsiým m egs laýgs quá mpriloir, il quá
iljg`mrsi, quá pilsmr, quá istuoamr i al`eusg quá ri`gromr. ^irg lg `ðfg mpriloir, `ðfg `gl`iltrmrsi, `ðfg pilsmr, `ðfg istuoamr y `ðfg
ri`gromr.
Bmdailog `ri`aog `gl fas prgpams oaja`uetmois oi mpriloazmki, ulm oi fas pmsaglis is ilsiýmr m luistrgs kðvilis sgdri su filtmeaomo,
fgtavm`aðl y fátgogs oi mpriloazmki.
@gfg puiois ifpizmr ^usi mehulms oi fas istrmtihams jmvgratms il ul `mpætueg oi dglaja`m`aðl "cwac".

^uiois ois`mrhmr ie `mpætueg

m; 

E af at ei ss D ggc. `gf / P lg istíl il h

PAL EÆFA_IP
I]YA^GP 

@ÐFG M^EA@MT IP_I EADTG

D2PALIPP
"Em `mpm`aomo oi ulm grhmlazm`aðl pmrm mpriloir y trmou`ar isi mpriloazmki il m``aðl rípaomfilti, is em
 fíxafm viltmkm `gfpitatavm ".

- KM@C
XIE@B

·Pi puioi mpea`mr ie fgoieg aeafatmog m su lihg`ag7 ¡Mdsgeutmfilti! Ourmlti fís oi ogs oá`moms, bifgs utaeazmog istgs fátgogs pmrm `mpm`atmr m
grhmlazm`aglis oi tgogs egs tmfmýgs, oisoi luivms ifprisms bmstm `eailtis `grpgrmtavgs, al`euaogs
* * gghei, Zarhal, Laci, * I, Jgx Ptuoags y [mppgs.
Ie `mpatme bufmlg (iou`m`aðl `gei`tavm, bmdaeaomois,
bmdaeaomois, `glg`afailtg, `mpm`atm`aðl) is ie m`tavg fís vmeagsg y filgs utaeazmog oi ulm grhmlazm`aðl.
grhmlazm`aðl.
^mrm qui su lihg`ag `riz`m, em `mpm`aomo altiei`tum
altiei`tumee `gei`tavm oi su iquapg oidi `ri`ir.

·@ðfg puioi mprgvi`bmr ie pgtil`ame `ghlatavg aeafatmog oi su iquapg7 Is`radæ ul `mpætueg ixtrm pmrm myuomrti il tu `mfalg.

^uiois ois`mrhmr ie `mpætueg

m; 
 

E af at ei ss D ggc. `gf / D us il iss

_YP DGLAJA@M@AGLIP
LYIP_TGP 

Bifgs riulaog ie ûetafg `glkultg oi ri`ursgs qui `gfpeifiltml isti eadrg y fmhlaja`mríl su
risuetmogs. Ástms al`euyil;

_utgrameis il vaoig oi ei``aglis siei`tms (`gfg ikifpeg; færmfi ilsiýmrti `ðfg fifgrazmr rípaomfilti egs pral`apmeis meafiltgs pmrm ie
`iridrg y oifgstrmr em tá`la`m oi ri`gromr lgfdris jrilti m ulm muoail`am il vavg)

Ikir`a`ags y ivmeum`aglis is`ratms pmrm ivmeumr su

bmdaeaomois Drmalpgwir ri`itms oi `gfaom oisoi `gfaoms bmstm tás

Ei`turm ri`gfilomom

Iltrivastms ispi`ameis `gl egs fikgris ixpirtgs qui prgjuloazml il egs tifms trmtmogs il isti eadrg; suiýg, ikir`a`ag, lutra`aðl,
fioatm`aðl y gtrgs.

¡Q fu`bg fís!

^mrm su m``isg hrmtuatg, vmym

m; 

E af at ei ss D ggc. `gf / T isgur`is

CXACEIMTLALH
IL EÆLIM
 OGQGY XM L__GOAZI
FÍP ^TGJYLOM
9 FÁ_GOGP PAL
EÆFA_IP7

·@ðfg iltrilm ustio, su jmfaeam g su iquapg egs fátgogs

f átgogs oi iljgqui, istuoag, fikgrm oi em fifgram, ei`turm rípaom y bmdaeaomois
oi pilsmfailtg7

Bifgs `rimog pmrm ustio em fikgr `mpm`atm`aðl il eælim prgdmom y jí`ae oi mhrihmr m su vaom pmrm `umequairm qui dusqui fikgrmr sus
`mpm`aomois.
_gog eg qui li`isatm sgl =9 falutgs me oæm pmrm oismrrgeemr ul luivg bídatg oi mpriloazmki il `mom írim. Zasatmr  CwacEimrlalh.`gf/Gleali-@gursis
CwacEimrlalh.`gf/Gleali-@gursis
y usi ie `ðoahg "EAFA_EIPP" pmrm gdtilir ul 49% oi ois`uiltg il su rihastrg `gfg mhrmoi`afailtg pgr `gfprmr isti ea drg.

@umlog eg bmhm, si ularí m luistrm `gfulaomo oi `iridrgs Cwac oi =19 pmæsis. P

Puu áxatg is luistrg áxatg, `mom prghrmfm vaili `gl
ulm hmrmltæm al`gloa`aglme oi oivgeu`aðl oi oalirg oi 0> oæms.
 

EI@_YTM PYHITAOM

Luistrm `gfulaomo is ulm mpmsaglmom oi em ei`turm. Pa mehuail taili oá`moms oi ixpirail`am y pgli
isi `glg`afailtg il ul eadrg, y puioi eiir su eadrg il ulgs pg`gs oæms, iji`tavmfilti ois`mrhmrí

oá`moms il oæms. Egs eæoiris sgl ei`tgris. Fu`bgs oi luistrgs ei`tgris Cwac si `gfprgfitil m
tirfalmr 
=dggcmwiic (94 eadrgs `mom mýg).
=dggcmwiic
##
@gfg dilija`ag moa`aglme pgr `gfprmr isti eadrg, puioi ularsi m luistrm `emsi fmhastrme oi ei`turm rípaom oi
ulm bgrm `gfg fa rihmeg. _i myuomrí m mdgromr tu eastm oi eadrgs. * it m``isg eadri il   KafCwac.`gf/Timoalh

Mquæ bmy ulm eastm "cwac" oi mehulgs oi fas eadrgs jmvgratgs sgdri filtmeaomo, fgtavm`aðl y
fátgogs. Lg istml eastmogs il groil pmrta`uemr. ^mrm em ixtilsm eastm oi ei`turm, vmym m EafateissDggc.`
EafateissDggc.`gf/risgur`
gf/risgur`
.

Em fmham oi pilsmr il hrmloi pgr Omvao K. P`bwmrtz Em dûsquiom oie

sahlaja`mog oie bgfdri pgr Zactgr Jrmlce @gfprilsaðl @gfprilsaðl pgr
Ta`bmro Pmue Xurfml
Em sgeu`aðl oi tmppalh pmrm fmlajistmr tu fikgr yg pgr La`c Grtlir
@gfail`i `gl pgr quá pgr Pafgl Palic

Egs 8 bídatgs oi ems pirsglms metmfilti iji`tavms pgr Ptipbil T. @gviy

@mfdam tu `iridrg, `mfdam tu vaom pgr ie Or. Omlaie Mfil
Ie Fmlajaistg oi em Fgtavm`aðl pgr Drilogl Dur`bmro
 Bídatgs Oafalutgs pgr ie Or. DK Jghh

@gfaom pmrm ie `iridrg pgr Easm Fgs`gla

Qg m lgsgtrgs pgr Fmr` Caiedurhir y @rmah Caiedurhir

Em prgfism oi ul eípaz pgr Momf Drmul
Filtmeaomo faemhrgsm pgr KK Zarhal
Ie fátgog _D=4 pgr _gf Drmoy
Pûpir bufmlg pgr Omvi Mspriy
Ie kuihg aljalatg pgr Pafgl Palic
Ie juturg is fís rípaog oi eg qui pailsms pgr Ptivil Cgteir y ^itir Oamfmloas

Ie @ðoahg oi em Filti Ixtrmgroalmram pgr Zasbil Emcbamla

Em is`uiem oi em hrmloizm pgr Eiwas Bgwis
Istrásisi filgs, eghri fís pgr Ifaey Jeit`bir
Ie pgoir oi `umlog pgr ie Or. Fa`bmie Drius
@glvirtarsi il ulm sûpir fukir pgr La`gei Empal
@balimsy Iviryomy pgr Pbmgeml
MscHmry1ii pgr * mry Zmylir`buc
# # 

@glvirtarsi il sgdrilmturme pgr ie Or. Kgi Oaspilzm

@mfalmtm eulmr `gl Ialstial pgr Kgsbum Jgir
Ie `iridrg qui si `mfdam m sæ fasfg pgr ie Or. Lgrfml Ogaohi
Filtmeaomo pgr @mrge Owi`c
Ie fátgog oi mealim`aðl pgr Mmrgl Meixmloir
Pupir `iridrg pgr Oiipmc @bgprm y Tuogepb _mlza
Hilaus Jggos pgr Fmx Euhmviri
Ogrfar fís altieahilti pgr Pbmwl Ptivilsgl

Em sgeu`aðl YetrmFalo pgr ie Or. Fmrc Byfml

@baspm - `baspimr pgr ie Or. Kgbl Tmtiy

Ie `bij oi ? bgrms pgr _af Jirrass

Ems fmtifíta`ms lg mpistml pgr Omla`m F`cieemr

Pal eæfatis pgr Dil * riiljaieo

Pias sgfdrirgs pmrm pilsmr pgr Iowmro oi Dglg

^rgspirmr pgr Mramllm Bujjalhtgl

Ie ieifiltg pgr Par Cil Tgdalsgl `gl Egu Mrgla`m
_io bmdem pgr @bras Mloirsgl
Bídatgs Mtðfa`gs pgr Kmfis @eimr
Afmhælieg bm`am moiemlti pgr Ditb @gfstg`c y _mbe Tmz
^irtili`ir m pgr Tmobm Mhrmwme

Altirrufparem pgr Faca Mhrmwme

Ie iji`tg ogfalð pgr ie Or. * rih Xiees
_rmlsjgrfm`aðl ixpglil`ame pgr Pmeaf Asfmae, Jrml`as`g ^memg y Fa`bieei Empairri
^ailsm `gfg ul fglki pgr Kmy Pbitty
Ie iji`tg Metir Ihg pgr _goo Birfml
@ðfg vavar ulm duilm vaom pgr Kglmtbml Jaieos
Ie eadrg oie fmpm filtme pgr Dmrry Duzml y _gly Duzml
 Egs pral`apags pgr Tmy Omeag
Ti-`rim tu vaom pgr Fgrty Eijcgi
^rafirgs muxaeags ifg`aglmeis pgr ie Or. * uy Xal`b

Ylm rmfm supiragr pgr Pmf Fmcbgue

Eadri oi `íl`ir `gl `gfaom pgr Eamlm Xirlir- * rmy
Em `gfaom puioi mrrihemreg pgr ie Or. Fibfit Gz

IR^TIPAGLIP OI HTM_A_YO 

Istm is em pmrti fís oajæ`ae oie eadrg pmrm fæ is`radar pgrqui si li`isatm ulm meoim pmrm trmir ul eadrg me
fulog. Ylg puioi pilsmr qui is ulm ispi`ai oi mvilturm il sgeatmrag, pirg il rimeaomo, jui ul birga`g
isjuirzg hrupme.
Il ems píhalms qui fi msahlml, siræm afpgsadei mhrmoi`ir pgr lgfdri m tgogs egs qui fi bml

huamog y mpgymog bmstm isti fgfiltg. Em eastm is emrhm, si puioi oi`ar qui is dmstmlti aeafatmom.

Eg sá pgrqui tgogs ustiois tailil ul euhmr ispi`ame il fa `grmzðl y sailtg su prisil`am `umlog
bmhg fas ikir`a`ags oi hrmtatuo.
@gfil`ifgs `gl YP_IO ie ei`tgr. Hrm`ams pgr lg sgeg gdtilir isti eadrg, salg fís
afpgrtmlti mûl pgr eiireg y usmreg.
M luistrgs alvatmogs oie pgo`mst, m egs gyiltis y m `umequairm qui bmym vastg y `gfpmrtaog ulg oi
luistrgs vaoigs, hrm`ams pgr saltglazmr `mom sifmlm y istmr tml altieahilti `glfahg.

M luistrgs istuoamltis il eælim oi tgog ie fulog, eis mhrmoi`ifgs fu`bg su taifpg y `gljamlzm. Hrm`ams
pgr pirfatar qui luistrg iquapg `ufpem `gl luistrg prgpðsatg oi `glstruar `iridrgs fikgris y fís draeemltis.

M tgogs luistrgs `eailtis qui bmdeml y `mpm`atml, mhrmoi`afailtg pgr bm`irfi `gfpmrtar `gl sus
muoail`ams y iquapgs.
^mrm fas `eailtis oi `gm`balh pravmog, smdis quaál iris, hrm`ams pgr tu mfastmo y
pgr ilsiýmrfi tmltg m `mfdag.
M fa mltahug sg`ag `gfir`ame Meixas Dml`. Isti eadrg y isti lihg`ag lg ixastaræml sal ta. _i
 pglis tgogs egs sgfdrirgs afmhalmdeis, tu oioa`m`aðl sgeg `gal`aoi `gl tu vasaðl oi ul fulog
fikgr y fís draeemlti, istgy itirlmfilti mhrmoi`aog.

M Kmfis Dml`, hrm`ams, birfmlg, pgr sir ul huirrirg oie `iridrg.

* * Mhrmoiz`g m fa msastilti pirsglme Ieilm, hrm`ams pgr sir fa fmlg oiri`bm (y m vi`is
`iridrg). Mpri`ag tgog eg qui bm`is.

M luistrg al`riædei iquapg Cwac qui trmdmkm ourg tgogs egs oæms me sirva`ag oi luistrm
`gfulaomo. Hrm`ams pgr su `uaomog y `gfprgfasg, Kglai, Pmsbm, Dritmým, Kmoi, Aras, Oily`i,
La`gei, Kissa`m, Cyei, Omeems, Kil, [mriil, Kilm, Emuril, Eguai, Tgfmrag, Ieazmditb, Faramf,
Kueam, Fmtaeom, Meix, Ofatra, Kilm, Crastai, EK, Mrtbur, Fmr`al, Mlhieg, ^mwie, Tmoic, Mhmtm,
Lmtmeam, Cmtam, Buhg, Fa`bme, @bras, Fmrtm, Oriw, Cras, Tusty y ie ristg oi luistrg iquapg
pmsmog, prisilti y juturg . (Pæ, luistrg iquapg istí `gfpuistg pral`apmefilti pgr fukiris
al`riædeis).

@rig qui tgogs puioil sir tu fmistrg il ie vamki oi em vaom. Oie pmori oi fa mfahg oi em
ulavirsaomo qui fi bazg eiir ul eadrg m em sifmlm m em pirsglm qui oakg qui tilæm ul `iridrg rgtg,
hrm`ams pgr ems ei``aglis.
M fas mfahgs Drilogl Dur`bmro, P`gtt Bgjjfml, Eiwas Bgwis y La`c Grtlir, quailis
fi meiltmrgl y fi sahuairgl is`radailog isti eadrg. Hrm`ams pgr alsparmr me fulog y pgr
alsparmrfi m trmlsjgrfmr fa oisgroil il fa filsmki.

Istgy mhrmoi`aog m Tiao _rm`y y ^mtty * ajt, quailis vairgl ie pgtil`ame oi isti eadrg.
Bglrmog oi sir pmrti oi em jmfaeam Bmy Bgusi. Hrm`ams, Mlli, Fmry, Fmrhmriti, Ealosmy,
^mtra`am, @mtby, Meixmlorm, Pmeey, Fmreili, ^irry, @ieisti, _ra`am, Kueai, Qvitti, Oamli, Kgbl,
Cmril, Ptivi y tgogs egs qui pmrta`apmrgl il em `rim`aðl oie eadrg. eg qui is.

Yl mhrmoi`afailtg ispi`ame m luistrg iquapg `rimtavg, qui bazg `gltradu`aglis sahlaja`mtavms m isti eadrg.

Egu Mrgla`m, hrm`ams pgr myuomrfi m `rimr istms píhalms y bm`ir oi isti eadrg eg fikgr
pgsadei.
Pmrm Ptadatz, juasti alvmeumdei. * Zmeagsg pmrm tgom em alvistahm`aðl
alvistahm`aðl,, iltrivastms, riom``aðl oi
pmemdrms y pmrm eeihmr m em fitm.
@emy Bidirt, pgr mýgs oi mpgyg y pgr fmras`me oi `mfpg oi isti prgyi`tg oi em M m em [.
^glis em mr`aeem il `emraomo.
@gurtliy Cilliy, hrm`ams pgr mofalastrmr y fgvaeazmr tmltms pmrtis fðvaeis.
 Kgsi Meglsg, hrm`ams pgr ie luivg oasiýg cwac. La`c Glcil, jgtðhrmjg ixtrmgroalmrag.

Tgorahg y Mllm @grrme pgr em dieem pgrtmom oie eadrg. Or. Fmrc Byfml, hrm`ams pgr
`riir il luistrg trmdmkg y is`radar ie prðeghg oie eadrg. _i mhrmoiz`g fu`bg m ta y m Fam
pgr tu mpgyg il isti eadrg.

Yl mhrmoi`afailtg ispi`ame m Fa`bmie Tgdirtsgl y tgog ie iquapg oi _bi Divirey Baetgl pgr m`ghirfi m fæ
y m luistrgs iviltgs.
^mrm luistrg iquapg oi fir`bmloasalh, eg qui vifgs is eg qui `uaomfgs. Hrm`ams pgr eeivmr em
`gl`ail`am oie `iridrg me fulog, Omlaie, _gf, Fat`biee, Kmcgd, Mltbgly y tgog luistrg iquapg.

Hrm`ams m ems eiyiloms y eufalmrams qui alsparmrgl fa afmhalm`aðl me pral`apag oi isti

vamki; ?ual`y Kglis, Liae * mafml, * ili Tgooildirry,
* * igrhi Eu`ms, Kgsipb @mfdiee, Gprmb Xaljriy, ^airs Mltbgly, KC Tgwealh, Lmpgeigl
Baee, Dru`i Eii, Bgwmro * mrlir, _gly Duzml, Bmrry Egrrmali, Lgrfml Zal`ilt ^imei,
Draml _rm`y, Kaf Tgbl, Eis Drgwl, Mramllm Bujjalhtgl, Par Cil Tgdalsgl , Ie siýgr Jrio
Tghirs y, pgr supuistg, Ptml Eii.

Me hrupg oi rispglsmdaeaomo grahalme, Fa`bmie Jasbfml, Draml Curtz y Tyml Eii.

Hrm`ams m Zasbil Emcbaml, me iquapg y m tgogs luistrgs Pûpir @iridrgs il

Falovmeeiy pgr myuomrlgs m `gfpmrtar ie fitmmpriloazmki `gl ie fulog. M fas mfahgs
supirbárgis y m ems `gfulaomois qui eaoirml. * agvmlla Fmrsa`g y Mr`bMlhies. _gf y
Easm Daeyiu y tus Afpm`tavastms. Cil Tutcgwsca y FI_me Drgtbirs. Ieeagt Daslgw y
Puffat. @bras Xalijaieo y Kil * gtteaid y YME. @bras Mloirsgl y _IO. Tgfml _suloir y
^__GX & XGTEO[. Fa`bmie Jasbfml y @BP. Km`c @mljaieo y _E@. KK Zarhal y
Falosbmri. @gei & Pmlkm Bmttir y _bravi. Oml Jeiysbfml y Kgie Fmragl y su FFI =>> *
rgup. Kgi ^geasb y su rio * ilaus. Mltbgly _kml y Gl @ui. * mrid Pbmfus y M@I.

M tgogs fas mfahgs qui bml bi`bg tgog, oisoi `gltrgemrfi bmstm myuomrlgs m
`gfpmrtar luistrms ilsiýmlzms `gl ie fulog; Mmrgl Meixmloir, Momf Drmul, Meix
Dmlmyml, Meix y Fafa Acgll, Meix Grtlir, Mfy Kg Fmrtal, Mloris Tgifir, Mllm Mcmlm, Mra
Fiasie, Muoriy Bmhil, Dil * riiljaieo, Or. Dil Eyl`b, Dil Tmwatz, Dilly Eug, Ditb
@gfstg`c, Dalh @bil, DK Jghh, Dg & Omwl Imsgl, Dgd ^rg`tgr, Drmloil Bmfptgl,
 Drmlogl Tgutb, Draml Ivmls, Draml Jegrag, Draml * rmssg, Drggci Durci, @mrrai @mfpdiee,
@mregs * mrois, @bmeili Kgblsgl, @bmreis Fa`bmie Qaf, @birval, @begi Jegwir, @bras y Egra
Bmroir, @brastalm Tmsfussil, @brastgpbir Eii, @bras ^ml, @emari [mffat, @geeal @bulh,
@rmah y Pmrmb @eifils , @rmah Caiedurhir, @yltbam Cirsiy, @yltbam ^msquieem, Or. Omlaie
Mfil, Oml @meowiee, Omlompmla, Omla`m F`Cieemr, Oml P`bmwdie, Omvi Bgeeas, Omvi

Iljirfirm, Omvao y Emlm Mspriy, Omvao Dmss, Omvao * ghhals, Omvao Fietzir, Omvao Fa`bmae,
Omvao Xgeji, Omwl Bgmlh, Oiml * rmzagsa, Oiric Bmepirl, Oiric Bguhb, Obru ^urgbat,
Ogllm Ptialbgrl, Io Fyeitt, Ieazmditb
* * aedirt,Ifaey Jeit`bir, Ifaey Fgrsi, Irac Eghml, Iral Fmteg`c, Jrmlc y Lmtmeam Cirl, * mae
Calhsdury, * mry Zmylir`buc, Or. Bmeemlo @bil, Bilc Tghirs, But`b ^mrcir, Aml @emrc,
AL-?, Km`c Oiegsm, Km`c Baomry , Km`quieali P`bmjjir, Kmfis Metu`bir, Kmfis @gequbgul,
Kmsgl Ptudir, Kmysgl
* * mahlmro, Kmy Pbitty, Kimllai Fma, Kijj Crmslg, Kijj Ppil`ir, Kieilm y Lgvmc Okgcgva`,
Kissi Atzeir, Kissa`m Grtlir, Kaf ^ggei, Or. Kgi Fir`gem, Kgie y Emural Piaoil, Kgbl
Mssmrmj, Kgbl Eii, Kgbl Tgfmlaieeg, Kgl Dilsgl, Kglmtbml Jaieos, Kgl Jali, Kueis
Bguhb, Kgl Eivy, Cmloas Fmrai, Cmtai Xiees, Ciatb Jirrmzza, Cil Birtz, Cirwal Tmi, Cival
y Mllfmrai
* * Amlla, Cival ^imr`i, Cival Tgsi, Cbmeio Mewmeiio, Cafdirey Fggri, Cafdirey y Kmfis

Zml Oir Diic, Cras @mrr, Cuti Dem`csgl, Emrry Dilit, Emrry y Gcsmlm Gstrgdscy, Emurie
_gudy, Eiahb Ourst, Eamlm Xirlir- * rmy, Easm * mrr , Orm. Easm Fgs`gla, Easm La`bges, Eaz
Bieeir, Euci Ptgriy, Fmlly
* * Geofml, Fmr` Caiedurhir, Fmrai Jgreig, Fmraie Bifalhwmy, Fmra Pfatb, Fmrc Mltbgly
Dmtis, Fmrc & Dglatm _bgfpsgl, Fmry Pbilguom, Fmtt Fueeilwih, Fmx Euhmviri, Fie
Mdrmbmf, Fie Tgddals, Fam Eux, Or. Fa`bmie Drius, Fa`bmie * ied, Fa`bmie Emli, Faci
@eali, Faci Cgilahs, Faci Xmlh, Faccgb @bil, Faca Mhrmwme, Fafa ^bmf, Falopufp *
uys, Fglm Pbmrfm, Fgltie Xaeeamfs, Lmgfa Xbattie, Lmtmeai & * eil Eiowiee, Lmviil Kmal,
La`c Cuzfa`b, La`gei ^mtra`i, Lacca Pbmrp, Lalm Puhmsmwm
Puhmsmwm,, Lusm Fmme, G`iml Tgddals,
Gz * mr`am, ^mue Bgjjfml, ^illa _bgw, ^iti Zmrhms, ^itir Oamfmloas, ^itir Bgppiljieo,

^itir Lhuyil, Tm`bie

* * geostial,
Tmobm Mhrmwme, Tmfat Pitba, Tmloy * mhi, Tmloy * mrl, Tili & Mcarm @bml,
Ta`bmro Faeeir, Ta`bmro & Zirgla`m _ml, Ta`bmro Pmue Xurfml, Ta`c Dmrdir, Ta`c
Jrasbfml, Tgdal Jmrfmljmrfmaml, Tgdal Pbmrfm, Tuoy _mlza, Tyml Bgeaomy , Tyml
Cmetfml, Tyml Eivisqui, Pmdralm Cmy, Pmf Bgrl, Pmloy * rahsdy, Pmsbal * gviloir,
Pmzml y Ptivai Bilorax, P`ggtir Drmul, P`gtt Jemlsdurh, Piml @rgxtgl, Piml y Faloy
 Ptipbilsgl, Or. Piitm Lmrsma, Pieilm Pgg, Pbmfml Ouric , Pbmllgl Ieazmditb, Pbmllgl
Eii, Pitb * goal, PbmgEml, Pbmwl & Mlli Ptivilsgl, Or. Pbijmea, Pafgl Caldirh, Pafgl
Fmalwmralh, Pafgl Palic, Pglam Ta`gtta, Pgly Fgroi`bma, Pgpbai @ba`bi, Or. Ptipbmlai
Istafm, Ptipbmlai F`Fmbgl, Ptivil Cgteir , Ptivi Pafs, Ptivil _yeir, Pully Dmtis,
Pusml @mal, _mlm

Mfál, _mrm Fm`ciy, _bgfms Dmbeir, _af @bmlh, _af Emrcal, _af Tyml, _goo Birfml,
_gf Jirry, _gly Bsaib, _rm`y Mloirsgl, _rilt Pbietgl, _u`cir Fmx, Zmla Bmra,
Xbatliy ^rmtt, Xaee Ippis, Xaf Bgj, Qmlac Paevir, Qmlkmm Xaltirsgue, Qui-Pma Cml,
Qucm Cgdmymsba y fu`bgs fís.

M ems grhmlazm`aglis sal jalis oi eu`rg oi iou`m`aðl aljmltae qui mfmfgs y mpgymfgs (al`eusg `gl pmrti
oi ems hmlml`ams oi isti eadrg) ‟XI @bmraty, ^il`aes gj ^rgfasi, Ylstgppmdei Jgulomtagl y gtrms ‟
hrm`ams pgr ems is`uiems qui `glstruyi y em mtil`aðl fáoa`m y ie mhum eafpam qui prgpgr`aglm m egs laýgs.
il li`isaomo. ^mrm ems grhmlazm`aglis sal jalis oi eu`rg oi smeuo `iridrme qui istíl `mfdamlog em
jalml`am`aðl fuloame y rimeazmlog alvistahm`aglis sgdri em iljirfiomo oi Mezbiafir; Ptivi Mgca y em
Julom`aðl Mgca, ie Fgvafailtg oi Mezbiafir oi ems Fukiris oi Fmram Pbravir, ie Or. Tuoy _mlza, ie @iltrg
Egu Tuvg pmrm em Pmeuo oie @iridrg oi em @eæla`m @eiviemlo, ems Fukiris oi em Orm. Easm Fgs`gla Drmal
Alatamtavi y Mezbiafir's ^riviltagl @eala` il Xiaee @grliee Fioa`me @geeihi

^mrm tgogs egs fmistrgs oi fa is`uiem (y fmistrgs il tgoms pmrtis), oispuás oi bmdir
trmdmkmog `gl tmltgs iou`mogris y fa fmori ri`ailtifilti kudaemom il iou`m`aðl pûdea`m, sá qui
lg is jí`ae. Hrm`ams pgr su `uaomog, `gfpmsaðl y `gfprgfasg. Ystiois sgl egs viromoirgs
supirbárgis, mpri`amfgs ems `mpms qui usml.

^mrm ie iquapg hiic grahalme; Omcgtm, Fgrras y Omvi. Hrm`ams pgr egs `ðfa`s, egs
vaoigkuihgs y ie kuihg oi `mrtms. Lg sgeg pgr tu mfastmo salg pgr tgoms ems emrhms sisaglis
oi tutgræm. Lg budairm pgoaog tirfalmr em is`uiem sal ta.

Pilsia Ta`c pgr mýgs oi iltrilmfailtg il mrtis fmr`ameis, smdaouræm

s mdaouræm y mfastmo. Q Dryml
Xmtmlmdi, fi afprisaglmsti `gl tu altihraomo y bmdaeaomo pmrm mji`tmr m egs qui ti
t i rgoiml tml
pgsatavmfilti.
Hrm`ams, Tg`cy, pgr bm`irfi `gfpmýæm tgoms isms fmýmlms is`radailog, ¡ie fikgr pirrg oi tgogs!

^mrm fa mfmog, tilhg fu`bm suirti oi istmr il isti vamki `gltahg. Hrm`ams pgr vavar fa
 gdsisaðl `gl tgog eg riem`aglmog `gl ie `iridrg y egs supirbárgis. @mom oæm `gltahg is ulm
mvilturm oi mpriloazmki y rasms, istgy msgfdrmog oi tu mfgr y mpgyg aeafatmogs. Iris em fmygr
diloa`aðl oi fa vaom. ^mrm luistrms jmfaeams, ie mfgr jeuyi juirti y prgjulog, oikíloglgs vaoms
oi ri`uirogs pmrm mtisgrmr y humromr.

M fa birfmlm y birfmlg, hrm`ams pgr tgog eg qui bm`il y sgl. Fi alsparms `gfg pirsglms y
`gfg pmoris. _i mfg fís hrmloi.
Hrm`ams m fas pmoris, fas bárgis grahalmeis, lg sgeg pgr tu meailtg il isti eadrg salg
tmfdaál pgr `riir il fæ oisoi ie pral`apag. @umequair `gsm il em qui fi bmym `glvirtaog
qui sim oi`ilti g bi`bm qui sim duilm is pgr ta. Mehg filgs qui isg istí il fæ.

Q oi luivg, hrm`ams, ei`tgr. Is ul bglgr sirvarei failtrms trmdmkmfgs kultgs pmrm `rimr
ul `iridrg, ulm vaom y ul fulog sal eæfatis.
 

PGDTI IE MY_GT 

Kaf Cwac (su lgfdri rime) is ul ixpirtg fuloame mfpeamfilti ri`glg`aog il fikgrm oi em fifgram,
gptafazm`aðl oie `iridrg y mpriloazmki m`ieirmog. Oispuás oi qui ulm eisaðl `iridrme aljmltae eg oikð
`gl oaja`uetmois oi mpriloazmki, Cwac `rið istrmtihams pmrm fikgrmr ormfíta`mfilti su riloafailtg
filtme. Oisoi iltgl`is, bm oioa`mog su vaom m myuomr m gtrgs m eadirmr su viromoirg hilag y

`mpm`aomo altiei`tume. Ourmlti fís oi ogs oá`moms, si bm oisifpiýmog `gfg iltrilmogr filtme
pmrm istuoamltis, pirsglms fmygris, ifprismrags y iou`mogris. Pu trmdmkg bm tg`mog ul quaál is
quaál oi em áeati oi Bgeeywggo, mteitms prgjisaglmeis, eæoiris pgeæta`gs y fmhlmtis oi lihg`ags, `gl
`eailtis `grpgrmtavgs qui al`euyil * gghei, Zarhal, Laci, [mppgs, Ppm`iR, * I, _wiltaitb @iltury Jgx,
@eiviemlo @eala`, Xgropriss y alstatu`aglis `gfg ems Lm`aglis Ylaoms,
Y laoms, @meti`b, em Ylavirsaomo oi
Bmrvmro y em Ylavirsaomo Palhuemraty.

M trmvás oi oas`ursgs oi mpirturm, eeihm m muoail`ams il pirsglm pgr ul tgtme oi fís oi

4>>,>>> `mom mýg3 Pus vaoigs il eælim bml gdtilaog `ailtgs oi faeeglis oi vasatms. Cwac

mpmri`i rihuemrfilti il egs fioags, al`euyilog

Jgrdis Bujj^gst, Jmst @gfpmly, Al`., y @LD@. Is ie mljatraðl oie m`emfmog pgo`mst "Cwac Drmal",
qui is `glstmltifilti ie fikgr prghrmfm oi `mpm`atm`aðl iou`mtavm il a_ulis. 
a_ulis.C
  wacEimrlalh.`gf  Egs
`ursgs il eælim sgl utaeazmogs pgr istuoamltis il =19 pmæsis.

Cwac, ul oijilsgr oi em smeuo oie `iridrg y em iou`m`aðl hegdme, tmfdaál is ul jaeíltrgpg qui jalml`am
prgyi`tgs qui vml oisoi em alvistahm`aðl oie Mezbiafir bmstm em `rim`aðl oi is`uiems oisoi * umtifmem
 bmstm Cilam, qui draloml mtil`aðl fáoa`m, mhum eafpam y mpriloazmki pmrm laýgs li`isatmogs. Pu fasaðl;
Lalhûl `iridrg oikmog mtrís.

@glá`tisi `gl Kaf Cwac il; 

KafCwac.`gf (bmdemr, `gm`balh, pgo`mst)
CwacEimrlalh.`gf (prghrmfms il eælim) _wattir;
NKafCwac

Jm`idggc; NKafCwac
Alstmhrmf; NKafCwac _ixtg
0=>-411-10:4
 

LG_MP
JALMEIP 

@M^A_YEG 4
= . "Oahatme Gviregmo; Qgur Drmal Gl * mohits", L^T, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie 4? oi mhgstg oi 4>=>,   www.lpr.g
rh / tifpemtis / stgry / stgry.pbp7 stgryAo 6 =4102?=>8 
=4102?=>8  .
4.  Adæoif.
0.  Adæoif3 Fmtt Ta`btie, "Mokultg m em ti`lgeghæm y me pmhg oi ul pri`ag"  Liw Qgrc _afis, 
_afis,û  etafg
fgoaja`mog ie 8 oi kulag oi 4>=>, www.lytafis.`gf/4>=>/>:/>8/ti`blgeghy/>8drmal.btfe  .
? ? 
?.  ^mue Xmooalhtgl, ―·Fgrar pgr aljgrfm`aðl7 Yl aljgrfi sgdri egs iji`tgs oi em sgdri`mrhm oi aljgrfm`aðl il ie Tialg Ylaog y il tgog ie
fulog ", Tiutirs, `glsuetmog ie == oi oa`aifdri oi 4>=1,   ww.ucgel.m`.uc/sirva`i s / pmpirs / de / dera>82 / `gltilt / ripgr ~ =0.btf  .
4>=1, w

9 9 9.  "Oastrm``aðl oahatme", Mfira`ml ^sy`bgegha`me Mssg`amtagl, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie => oi mhgstg oi 4>=2,  w
ww.mpm.grh/liws/priss/rieimsis/4>=2/>2/o
ww.mpm.grh/liws/priss/rieimsis/4>=2/>2/oahatme-oastrm`tag
ahatme-oastrm`tagl
l .
::
:  . Omlaie K. Eivatal,  Em filti grhmlazmom; pilsmr oari`tmfilti il em irm oi em sgdri`mrhm oi aljgrfm`aðl 
(Luivm Qgrc; Outtgl, 4>=:).
8 8 8.  Piml @guhbeml, "Em oipiloil`am oahatme 'irgsaglm em fifgram bufmlm'"  Lgta`ams oi em DD@, 
DD@, D
  D@, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl
www.dd`.`gf/liws/iou`mtagl-0??9?4:?  .
8 oi g`tudri oi 4>=9 www.dd`.`gf/liws/iou`mtagl-0??9?4:?
2 . Tgly [mrgf, "^gr quá em ti`lgeghæm istí mji`tmlog ie pilsmfailtg `ræta`g il ie euhmr oi trmdmkg y `ðfg sgeu`aglmreg"  Ifprismrag, 4=
www.iltripriliur.`gf/mrta`ei/4?2149  .
oi siptaifdri oi 4>=9, www.iltripriliur.`gf/mrta`ei/4?2149
11
1  . Kaf _myegr, "@ðfg em ti`lgeghæm istí `mfdamlog em jgrfm il qui egs laýgs pailsml y si iljg`ml"  ^sa`geghæm
Bgy,?  oi oa`aifdri oi 4>=4 www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh/tbi-pgwir-prafi/4>=4=4/bg
Bgy, 
w-ti`blgeghy-as-@bmlhalh-t
w-ti`blgeghy -as-@bmlhalh-tbi-wmy-`baeor
bi-wmy-`baeoril-tbalc-mlo-jg
il-tbalc-mlo-jg`us
`us  .
=> 
=>.  ^mtra`am F. * riiljaieo, "_i`lgeghæm y iou`m`aðl aljgrfm
aljgrfme;e; eg qui si ilsiým, eg qui si mpriloi"  @ail`ams, 4 oi ilirg
oi 4>>1, bttps;//s`ail`i.s`ail`ifmh.grh/`glti
bttps;//s`ail`i.s`ail`ifmh.grh/`gltilt/040/91=>/
lt/040/91=>/:1.juee
:1.juee  .
==
==  . Ta`bmro Jgrifml, "_bi ^ml`mci ^igpei, g, '_bi * gos Mri ^mefialh Fy Bimo',"  Dgroi,
 2 oi fmrzg oi 4>>9, bttps;//ww
bttps;//www.iohi.grh/0r
w.iohi.grh/0roW`ueturi/jgrif
oW`ueturi/jgrifml>9/jgrifml
ml>9/jgrifml>9Waloix.btfe
>9Waloix.btfe  .

@M^Æ_YEG 0
= . _mrm Pwmrt,  Em juilti; mdri tu filti, `mfdam tu vaom  Luivm Qgrc; Zirfaeagl, 4>=1).
4 . Puzmlm Bir`uemlg-Bguzie, "Ie `iridrg bufmlg il lûfirgs; ul `iridrg oi prafmtis ealimefilti mfpeamog"  Jrgltairs al
Bufml Liurgs`ail`i, 
Liurgs`ail`i, 1 oi lgvaifdri oi 4>>1 www.l`da.lef.lab.hgv/pf`/m rta`eis / ^F@488:?2? //  .

0 . Jirras Kmdr, "@m`bi @md; Egs `iridrgs oi egs tmxastms * rifml pmrm lmvihmr pgr ems `meeis oi Egloris"  @ailtæja`g 
Mfira`mlg, 2 oi oa`aifdri oi 4>== www.s`ailtaja`mfir
www.s`ailtaja`mfira`ml.`gf/mrta`ei/eglogl
a`ml.`gf/mrta`ei/eglogl-tmxa-fifgry/
-tmxa-fifgry/  .

??
? .  @gurtliy I. M`cirfml, ―·]uá is em liurgpemsta`aomo7 Yl psa`ðeghg ixpea`m S+=? ikir`a`ags
ikir`a`agsVV "
^gsatavi^sy`bgeghy.`gf
^gsatavi^sy`bgeghy.`gf ,  ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie => oi siptaifdri
s iptaifdri oi 4>=1, pgsatavipsy`bgeghy.`gf/liurgp emsta`aty / / .

99
9 .  @mtbmrali ^moog`c, ^b.O., ―Lg sgeg luistrg * ut taili `áeuems `iridrmeis, salg qui tmfdaál puioi * rifmr luivms, istuoag‖,
Fioa`me Liws _gomy, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie 9 oi mhgstg oi 4>>1, 
4>>1,b  ttps; //www.fioa`meliws tgomy.`gf/mrta`eis/=911=?.pbp  3
Killajir Xgecal, "@glg`i m tu sihulog `iridrg; _bi * ut"
oi,û  etafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie =? oi mhgstg oi 4>=9, bttps;//www.falojue.grh/fiit-ygur-si`glo-drmal-tb
@gls`ailti oi,  bttps;//www.falojue.grh/fiit-ygur-si`glo-drmal-tb i-hut / .

::
: .  Ifaey Yloirwggo, "_u * ut istí oari`tmfilti `gli`tmog m tu `iridrg, pgr ul `ar`uatg oi liurglms ri`aál ois`udairtg"  @ail`ams,
 @ail`ams, û  etafm
fgoaja`m`aðl ie 4> oi siptaifdri oi 4>=2, bttps;//www.s`ail`ifm
bttps;//www.s`ail`ifmh.grh/li
h.grh/li ws / 4>=2/>1 /
ygur-hut-oari`tmfilti-`gli`tmog-su-`iridrg-ri`aál-ois`udairtg-liurglm-`
ygur-hut-oari`tmfilti-`gli`tmog-su-`iridrg-ri`aál-ois`udairtg-liurglm-`ar`uatg
ar`uatg  .
8 8 
8 . Cil Tgdalsgl y Egu Mrgla`m,  Is`uiems `rimtavms; em rivgeu`aðl pgpuemr qui is 
_rmlsjgrfmlog em iou`m`aðl ( L
  uivm Qgrc; ^ilhual Dggcs, 4>=:), xxvaa-xxvaa.

@M^Æ_YEG ?
=.  Pgllmo, Lacbae. "Yl fgoieg fmtifíta`g oi em" `urvm oi gevaog "oifuistrm qui ie mpriloazmki is oajæ`ae". ?umrtz, 42 oi jidrirg
oi 4>=2, qz.`gf/=4=08
qz.`gf/=4=08:2/tbi-jgrhitt
:2/tbi-jgrhittalh-`urvi-ixpemals
alh-`urvi-ixpemals-wby-bufmls-s
-wby-bufmls-stru
tru hhei-tg-fifgr
hhei-tg-fifgrazi
azi /  .

4 . Jrml`is`g @araeeg, "Em tá`la`m ^gfgogrg", @araeeg @glsuetalh,   jrml`is`g`araeeg.`gf/pmhi

s / pgfgogrg-tá`la`m 
pgfgogrg-tá`la`m .
0 . Geavir Xiloiee Bgefis, "Ie mutð`rmtm oi em fism oie oismyulg"  Filsume oie Mteílta`g 4, lg. 2 (kulag oi =292); 9>4.

@M^Æ_YEG 9
= . "Cwac Drmal `gl Kaf Cwac; rgfpi tus `riil`ams `gl Pbieey Eijcgi", Kaf Cwac, 4 oi fmyg oi 4>=1,   bttps;//cwacdrmal.eadsyl.`gf/==?-d
i / / .

4 . Kml Dru`i y `ges.  Fi_uaeadrauf; =? oæms pmrm istmr fís jris`g, fís trmlquaeg
t rmlquaeg y fís jieaz ( L
  uivm Qgrc;
Bmrfgly Dggcs, 4>=9), 19.
0 . Killa`i Zaebmuir, "? fmlirms oi oikmr oi hgepimrti, oi ulm viz pgr tgoms"  ^sa`geghæm
Bgy,  =2 oi fmrzg oi 4>=: www.psy`bgeghytgo
Bgy, www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh/eaval
my.`gf/us/degh/eavalh-jgrwmro/4>=:>0/?-wmyss
h-jgrwmro/4>=:>0/?-wmysstgp-dimtalh-ygursiej-gl`i-mlo-mee
tgp-dimtalh-ygursiej-gl`i-mlo-mee
.
? ? 
?.  "Ie pgoir oie pilsmfailtg pgsatavg", Kgbls Bgpcals Fioa`ali, www.bgpcalsfioa`ali.grh/b
www.bgpcalsfioa`ali.grh/bime
ime
tb / dailistmr y privil`aðl / ie pgoir oie pilsmfailtg pgsatavg 
pgsatavg  .
 9 9 9.  ^irsglme oi Fmyg @eala`, "^ilsmfailtg pgsatavg; oitilir ie oaíeghg altirlg lihmtavg pmrm riou`ar ie istrás", Fmyg @eala`, fgoaja`mom pgr
ûetafm viz ie =2 oi jidrirg oi 4>=8, 
4>=8,w
  ww.fmyg`eala`.grh/bimetby-eajistyei/striss-fmlmhifilt
ww.fmyg`eala`.grh/bimetby-eajistyei/striss-fmlmhifilt / il prgjuloaomo
pr gjuloaomo / pgsatavi-tbalcalh /
mrt-4>>?019> .
mrt-4>>?019> 
: : :.  Kmfis @eimr, "@ðfg ie pilsmfailtg pgsatavg oismrrgeem sus bmdaeaomois, mufiltm su smeuo y fikgrm su trmdmkg", Kmfis @eimr,

kmfis`eimr.`gf/pgsatavi-tbalcalh
`glsuetmog ie 44 oi mdrae oi 4>=1, kmfis`eimr.`gf/pgsatavi-tbalcalh  .
8.  Adæoif.
8 8 

2.  Adæoif.

11
1  . Dmrdmrm E. Jriora`csgl, "Em tigræm
t igræm oi mfpeamr y `glstruar ems ifg`aglis pgsatavms", @iltrg Lm`aglme oi Aljgrfm`aðl
A ljgrfm`aðl
Dagti`lgeðha`m, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie =8 oi mhgstg oi 4>>?,
4>>?,  www.l`da.lef.lab.hg v / pf` / mrta`eis / ^F@=:10?=2 / poj /
=90?8942.poj  .

@M^Æ_YEG :
= . @mrge P. Owi`c,  Filtmeaomo; em luivm psa`geghæm oie áxatg (  Luivm Qgrc; Tmlogf Bgusi,
4>>:).
4 . Ompbli Fmrts`bilcg, "_bi A? _ist Xmrs; Xby P`riilalh jgr Altieeahil`i As Ptaee _ml @gltrgvirsame", _bi
@glvirsmtagl, `glsuetmog ie =: oi mhgstg oi 4>=1, 
4>=1,  bttps;//tbi`glvirsmtagl.`gf/tb
i-aq-tist-wmrs-wby-s`riilal
i-aq-tist-wmrs-wby-s`riilalh-jgr-altieeah
h-jgr-altieeahil`i-as-staee-sg-`
il`i-as-staee-sg-`gltrgvirsam
gltrgvirsame-2=?42
e-2=?42  .
0.  Adæoif.

?.  Adæoif.
? ? 

9 9 9.  Omvao Pbilc, "Em viromo sgdri A?"  Ie Mteílta`g, 

Mteílta`g, `glsuetmog ie ? oi mhgstg oi 4>>1, bttps; //www.tbi
mtemlta`.`gf/lmtaglme/mr`bavi/4>>1/>8/tbi-trutb-mdgut-aq/444:>/  .
mtemlta`.`gf/lmtaglme/mr`bavi/4>>1/>8/tbi-trutb-mdgut-aq/444:>/
:.  Adæoif.
: : 

8 8 
8 . Draml Tg`bi, "_u A? puioi lg bmdir `mfdamog, pirg ·iris fís altieahilti7",  ^sa`geghæm
Bgy,  =9 oi kueag oi 4>=? www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh/aq
Bgy, www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh/aq-dggt-`mfp/4>
-dggt-`mfp/4>=?>8/ygur-aq-
=?>8/ygur-aq-fm
fm
y-lgt-bmvi-`bmlhio-mri-
y-lgt-bmvi-`b mlhio-mri-ygu-mly-sfmrti
ygu-mly-sfmrtir r  .
2.  Omvao Pbilc  Ie hilag il tgogs lgsgtrgs ( L
  uivm Qgrc; Ml`bgr Dggcs, 4>==) ==8.
11
1   . * mdraieei _grri, "_bi Eaji mlo _afis gj tbi =>% Liurgfytb", Clgwalh Liurgls, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie =0 oi jidrirg oi
4>=2,   bttps;//clgwalhliurgls.`gf/4>=2/>4/=0/=>-liurgfytb/  .
4>=2,
=>  . Ira` B. @buoeir, ―·Ysmfgs
=> ―· Ysmfgs sgeg ie =>% oi luistrgs `iridrgs7‖, Liurg`ail`am pmrm laýgs,  bttps; // jm`ue
ty.wmsbalhtgl.iou/`buoeir/tilpir.btfe .
== 
== . * mdraieei _grri, "_bi Eaji mlo _afis gj tbi =>% Liurgfytb", Clgwalh Liurgls, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie =0 oi jidrirg oi
4>=2, bttps;//clgwalhliurgls.`gf/4>
bttps;//clgwalhliurgls.`gf/4>=2/>4/=0/=>-liurgfytb
=2/>4/=0/=>-liurgfytb//  .
=4 
=4 . Ira` Xistirviet, "Eg sailtg, Eu`y; ie fatg oie `iridrg fme utaeazmog is =>> pgr `ailtg jmesg"  L^T 
48 oi kueag oi 4>=? bttps;//www.lpr.grh/4>=?/>8/48/0092:2=04/sgrry-eu`y-tbi-fytb-gj-tbi-fasus
io-drmal-as-=>>-pir`ilt-jmesi .
io-drmal-as-=>>-pir`ilt-jmesi 
=0 . Dmrry E. Diyirstial, "·Oi oðloi vaili ie fatg oi qui sgeg usmfgs ie =>% oi luistrgs `iridrgs7" Il
=0 
Fatgs oi em filti; Ixpegrmlog supuistgs pgpuemris sgdri em filti y ie `iridrg, 
`iridrg,i
  o. Pirhag Oieem Pmem (Xaeiy, =111),
0‐4?.
=? 
=?.  Adæoif.

=9
=9  . Tgdylli Dgyo, "·Ems pirsglms sgeg usml ie => pgr `ailtg oi sus `iridrgs7"  @ailtæja`g mfira`mlg, 
mfira`mlg,û
  etafg
bttps;//www.s`ailtaja`mfira`ml.`gf/mrta`ei/og
fgoaja`mog ie 8 oi jidrirg oi 4>>2, bttps;//www.s`ailtaja`mfira`ml.`gf/mrta`ei/og-pigpei-gley-usi
-pigpei-gley-usi-=
-= > pgr `ailtg oi sus `iridrgs
/ .
 oai`asáas
oai`asáas .  _bgfms *. Gisti,  Il ie gkg oi em filti; pilsmogris `rimtavgs 1asume, oaseáxa`gs ogtmogs y ie ms`ilsg
oi 1asume _i`blgeghais (   Mfbirst, Luivm Qgrc; ^rgfitbius Dggcs, 4>>1).
=8 .  Adæoif.
=8

=2 mýgs
mýgs  . ―Egs 40 irrgris fís hrmlois oi Ialstial; ul luivg eadrg ixpegrm egs irrgris oie eihilomrag
* * ilaus " Ois`udrar,
Ois`udrar,  ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie = oi siptaifdri oi 4>>2, bttp;//oas`gvirfmhmzali.`gf/4>>2/sip/
>=-ialstials-40-Fmygr-Irrgris  .
=1 
=1.  "M`ir`m oi ^mhi", Ditb @gfstg`c, bttps;//www
bttps;//www.ditb`gfstg`c.alj
.ditb`gfstg`c.aljg/
g/  .

4> .  11Y, vaoig oi "Ditb @gfstg`c; Bm`ir bárgis oi egs jrm`msgs", =4;?>, 0 oi siptaifdri oi 4>=9,  b
4>
ttps; //www.ygutudi.`gf/wmt`b7
//www.ygutudi.`gf/wmt`b7 v 6 > * pAeGJ-YzM 
pAeGJ-YzM  .
4=  . _bgfms Bgddis,  Ems gdrms alheisms oi _bgfms Bgddis oi Fmefisdury, io. Huaeeirfg
4=
Fgeiswgrtb (Mmeil; P`ailtam, =1::).
44
44  . "@mrge X. * riaoir", Xacapioam, `glsuetmog ie 48 oi kueag oi 4>=1, bttps;//il.wacapioam.grh/waca/@mrgeW
bttps;//il.wacapioam.grh/waca/@mrgeW
X .W * riaoir  .
40 .  "@mrge * riaoir, ^b.O., Oari`tgrm oi Dageghæm Fgei`uemr y * ilita`s il em Ylavirsaomo Kgbls Bgpcals"  Oaseixam oi Qmei, 
40 Qmei,b  ttp;//oyseixam.yme
.
4?.  ^irsglme oi Fmyg @eala`, "Oaseixam", Fmyg @eala`, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie 44 oi kueag oi 4>=8, b  ttps; //www.fmyg`e
4? 
ala`.grh/oasimsi
ala`.grh/oasimsis-`gloatagls/oysei
s-`gloatagls/oyseixam/syfptgfs-`musi
xam/syfptgfs-`musis/sy`-4>090994
s/sy`-4>090994  .
49 
49.  @emuoam Oriajus, "Pgdri hmlmr ul ^rifag Lgdie oi @ail`am"  Egs Liw Qgrc _afis, 
_afis, G`tudri =4,
4>>1, si``aðl oi @ail`ams, bttps;//www.lytafis.`gf/4>>1/=>/=0/s`ail`i/=0`glv.btfe .
4:.  Kaf @mrriy, oas`ursg oi hrmoum`aðl, Fmbmrasba Altirlmtaglme Ylavirsaty, Jmar-jaieo, Agwm, 4? oi fmyg oi 4>=?, www.fuf.iou/hrm
4:  www.fuf.iou/hrmoumtagl-4>=?
oumtagl-4>=?
, `glsuetmog ie 9 oi ilirg oi 4>4>.
48 
48 . Jrio @. Cieey, "Lg `riiræml qui egs Xrahbt bmdæml vgemog; ul istuoag sgdri em al`rioueaomo bufmlm", Xrahbt
Drgtbirs Marpemli @gfpmly, 
@gfpmly, bttp;//www.wrahbt-drgtbirs.grh/BastgryW Xalh / MvamtaglsWMtta` / _biyWXgueoltWDieaivi
/ _biyWXgueoltWDieaiviWtbiWXrahbtsWBmoWJeg wl.btf 
wl.btf .

42 
42.  Adæoif.

41 . "Dru`i Eii,"   Daghrmpby.`gf  , ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie =: oi mdrae oi 4>=1, www.daghrmpby.`gf/m`tgr/dru`i

41 
- eii 
eii .
0> 
0>.  Fgusi MA, "A Mf Dru`i Eii", oarahaom pgr ^iti F`@grfm`c, vaoig, =;0>;=0,
=;0>;=0, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie =0 oi kulag oi 4>=9,
www.ygutudi.`gf/wmt`b7v64
www.ygutud i.`gf/wmt`b7v64qE-X[WM__?.
qE-X[WM__?.
0=
0=  . "A Mf Dru`i Eii", Eiiwmy Fioam, 4>=4, www.ygutudi.`gf/wmt`b7v64qE-X[WM__?.
04
04 .  Dru`i Eii, Dru`i Eii Kiit Culi Og; @gfiltmrags oi Dru`i Eii sgdri ie `mfalg fmr`ame, io. Kgbl Eattei (_uttei ^udeasbalh,
=118).
00.  Omlaie @gyei, _bi _meilt @goi; * lg lm`i em rita`il`am. Is * rgwl (Egloris; Mrrgw, 4>=>)3 "Ie @ðoahg oi _meiltg; * rifm
00 
@gyei,  bttp; // omlaie`gyei. `gf / tbi-tmeilt-`goi /  .
tu prgpam * ritæ`uem; msæ is `ðfg", Omlaie @gyei, 

@M^Æ_YEG 8
= . "_apg (l.)", Æloa`i,   www.ityfgleali.`gf/wgro/calo  .
4 . @brastgpbir K. Dryml, it me., "Fgtavmlog em pmrta`apm`aðl oi egs vgtmltis alvg`mlog me yg", ^LMP, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie 4 oi mhgstg
oi 4>==, 
4>==,  bttps;//www.plms.grh/`gltilt/=>2/0=/=4:90  .
 0.  Momf grea`c, Egs alvistahmogris oi Ptmljgro il`uiltrml qui ul safpei `mfdag il em riom``aðl puioi mufiltmr em pmrta`apm`aðl iei`tgrme ,
Ylavirsaomo oi Ptmljgro, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie =1 oi kueag oi 4>==, 
4>==,b  ttps;//liws.stmljgro.iou/l iws / 4>== / kuey /
hrgwalh-vgtir-turlgut->8=1==.btfe .
hrgwalh-vgtir-turlgut->8=1==.btfe 

@M^Æ_YEG
=.  Ivm Piebud, "^saquamtræm lutra`aglme; tu `iridrg il egs meafiltgs", Bmrvmro Bimetb (degh), Bmrvmro Bimetb ^udeasbalh, ûetafm
fgoaja`m`aðl ie 9 oi mdrae oi 4>=2, 
4>=2,w  ww.bimetb.bmrvmro.iou/degh/lutrataglme-psy `bamtry-ygur-drmal-gl-jggo-4>=9===:2:4:  .

4.  Kaf Cwac, "@iridrg Cwac `gl Kaf Cwac; @gfir pmrm tu `iridrg `gl em Orm. Easm Fgs`gla", Kaf Cwac, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie ?
oi ilirg oi 4>=1, bttps;//kafcwa
bttps;//kafcwac.`gf/cwac-drma
c.`gf/cwac-drmal->22-imtalh-jgr-ygur-dr
l->22-imtalh-jgr-ygur-dr mal-watb-or-easm-fgs`gla /  .

0.  Kaf Cwac, "@iridrg Cwac `gl Kaf Cwac; @uílog `gfir pmrm ulm jul`aðl `iridrme ðptafm `gl Fmx Euhmviri", Kaf Cwac,
ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie =1 oi kueag oi 4>=2, bttps;//kafcwac.`g
bttps;//kafcwac.`gf/cwac-drmal->:
f/cwac-drmal->::-wbi
:-wbi
l-tg-imt-jgr-gpta`me-drmal-j
l-tg-imt-jgr-gpta`me-drmal-jul`tagl-watb
ul`tagl-watb-fmx-euhmviri
-fmx-euhmviri / .
? ? ? . "_mdem =; lutrailtis siei``aglmogs qui mji`tml em jul`aðl `ghlatavm", Alstatutgs Lm`aglmeis oi Pmeuo,  ww
w.l`da.lef.lab.hgv/pf`/mrta`
w.l`da.lef.lab.hgv/pf`/mrta`eis/^F@42>98>:
eis/^F@42>98>:/tmdei/_=/7ripgrt6
/tmdei/_=/7ripgrt6gdki`tgley
gdki`tgley ,  `glsuetmog ie = oi kulag oi
4>=1.
9 . Biaoa * gofml, "Ie ikir`a`ag rihuemr `mfdam ie `iridrg pmrm fikgrmr em fifgram, ems bmdaeaomois oi pilsmfailtg", Bmrvmro Bimetb
9 9 
(degh), Bmrvmro Bimetb ^udeasbalh, 9 oi mdrae oi 4>=2, 
4>=2,w
  ww.bimetb.bmrvmro.iou/de gh /
rihuemr-ikir`a`ag-`mfdags-`iridrg-fikgrmr-fifgram-pilsmfailtg-bmdaeaomois-4>=?>?>18==> .
: : 
: . Omlaie *. Mfál, @mfdam tu `iridrg, @mfdam tu vaom; ie prghrmfm allgvmogr pmrm `glquastmr em mlsaiomo, em
oiprisaðl, em gdsisaðl, em jmetm oi iljgqui, em arm y egs prgdeifms oi fifgram (Luivm Qgrc; Bmrfgly Dggcs,
4>=9), =>1‐==>.
8 8 8.  _bi Eml`it Liurgeghy, "@gltmfalm`aðl oie mari y smeuo oie `iridrg; ul prgdeifm ifirhilti", _bi Eml`it =8, lg. 4 (jidrirg oi

4>=2); =>0, 
=>0,w
  ww.tbieml`it.`gf/kgurlmes/emliur/mrta`e
ww.tbieml`it.`gf/kgurlmes/emliur/mrta`ei/^AAP=?8?-??44(=8)0>
i/^AAP=?8?-??44(=8)0> ?:4-0 / jueetixt  .

2.  _mrm ^mrcir-^gpi, "Mogeis`iltis,

"Mogeis`iltis, mfahgs y fmems oi`asaglis", Duilg (degh), _bi Liw Qgrc _afis, 0 oi jidrirg oi 4>==, w
  iee.deghs.lytafis.`
asagls /7 s`p 6 : & sq 6 tmrm% 4Dpmrcir% 4Dpgpi & st 6 `si 
`si .

1 1 
1 . "^rgtikm su `iridrg oie istrás", Bmrvmro Bimetb (degh), Bmrvmro Bimetb ^udeasbalh, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl il mhgstg oi
4>=2,   www.bimetb.bmrvmro.iou/falo-mlo-fggo/prgti`t-ygur-drmal-jrgf-str iss  .
4>=2,

=>
=>  . "@gl`iptgs dísa`gs oie `iridrg; `gfprilsaðl oie suiýg", Alstatutg Lm`aglme oi _rmstgrlgs Liurgeðha`gs y M``aoiltis @iridrgvms`uemris,
Oipmrtmfiltg oi Pmeuo y Pirva`ags Bufmlgs oi II. YY., Ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie =0 oi mhgstg oi 4>=1, www.lalos.
lab.hgv/Oasgroirs/^mtailt-@mrihavir-Iou`mtagl/Yloirstmloalh-Peiip
lab.hgv/Oasgroirs/^mtailt-@mrihavir-Iou`mtagl/Yloirstmloalh-Peiip  .
== .  Kiml Caf, "Em afpgrtml`am oie suiýg; ie `a`eg oi emvmog oi `iridrg", ^sy`bgeghy _gomy, kulag
==
42 oi 4>=8 www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/u
www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh/`ueturi-sbralc/4>
s/degh/`ueturi-sbralc/4>=8>:/tbi-afpgrtm
=8>:/tbi-afpgrtml`i-seiip-tb
l`i-seiip-tb i-drmals-emul
i-drmals-emulory-`y`ei
ory-`y`ei  .

=4
=4 .  Kijj Aeajj, "_rmls`rap`aðl oi 'Ylm rmzðl fís pmrm * it m * ggo Lahbt's Peiip'", _IO, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl il siptaifdri oi 4>=?, www.tio.`gf/t
www.tio.`gf/tmecs/k
mecs/k
ip / trmls`rapt
trmls`rapt  .

=0
=0 .  Adæoif.

=?
=? .  Pmloii EmFgtti, "Ylg oi `mom `umtrg istmogulaoilsis oismrrgeem alsgflag `mom mýg; 89 pgr `ailtg oi ems pirsglms `gl alsgflag si
ri`upirml", P`ail`i Omaey, 9 oi kulag oi 4>=2, 
4>=2,b  ttps;//www.s`ail`iomaey.`gf/rieimsi s / 4>=2/>: / =2>:>9=9?==?.btf
=2>:>9=9?==?.btf  .
 =9 . Cmtbryl K. Tiao, it me., "Ie ikir`a`ag mirðda`g fikgrm ie suiýg mutgaljgrfmog y em `meaomo oi vaom il mouetgs fmygris `gl
=9 
alsgflag", Fioa`alm oie suiýg, Dadeagti`m Lm`aglme oi Fioa`alm oi II. YY., Ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl il g`tudri oi 4>=>, w
  ww.l`da.lef.lab.hgv/pf`/mrta`
.
oai`asáas . Fa`bmie K. Drius, "Fikgr suiýg il`gltrmog me bm`ir ikir`a`ag oi jgrfm rihuemr", ^sy`bgeghy _gomy, : oi siptaifdri oi
oai`asáas 
4>=0,w
4>=0, 
  ww.
ww.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh/seiip-li
psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh/seiip-liwzzz/4>=0>1/dittir-seiip-jg
wzzz/4>=0>1/dittir-seiip-jg ulo-ixir`asi-rihuemr-dmsio->  .

=8
=8 .  Pmloii EmFgtti, "Em jgrfm fís smeuomdei oi fikgrmr su suiýg; ikir`a`ag", @LL, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie 0> oi fmyg oi 4>=8, w
  ww.`ll.`gf/4>=8/>9/4
.

=2 mýgs 
mýgs . Omvao P. Dem`c, it me., ―Fioatm`aðl oi mtil`aðl peilm il mouetgs `gl trmstgrlgs oie suiýg‖, KMFM Altirlme Fioa`ali 9 (mdrae
oi 4>=9); ?1?‐9>=, 
?1?‐9>=,k  mfmlitwgrc.`gf/kgurlmes/kmfmaltirlmefioa`ali/jueemrta`e i / 4==>112  .

=1 
=1.  Cmril Cmpeml, "Fu`bgs istmogulaoilsis istíl fioatmlog mbgrm fís qui bm`i sgeg `al`g mýgs", Egs Mlhieis _afis, 2 oi
lgvaifdri oi 4>=2, www.emtafis.`gf/s`ail`i/s`ail`ilgw/em-s`a-sl-mfira`ml
www.emtafis.`gf/s`ail`i/s`ail`ilgw/em-s`a-sl-mfira`ml s-fioatmtalh-fgri-4>=2==>2-stgry.bt
s-fioatmtalh-fgri-4>=2==>2-stgry.btfe
fe  .

4>
4> .  Kaf Cwac, "@iridrg Cwac `gl Kaf Cwac; @ðfg bm`ir qui em fioatm`aðl sim jí`ae `gl Mraie * mrtil", Kaf Cwac, ûetafm
fgoaja`m`aðl ie 2 oi lgvaifdri oi 4>=2, bttps;//kafcwac.`
bttps;//kafcwac.`gf/cwac-drmal->
gf/cwac-drmal->2>-ygur-drm
2>-ygur-drmalgl-fioatm
algl-fioatmtagl-watb-mrai
tagl-watb-mraie-hmrtil/
e-hmrtil/ .

4= 
4=.  Adæoif.

@M^Æ_YEG
= . Pmrmb Qgulh, "Isti ixtrmýg jilðfilg puioi ivatmr qui pgstirhuis", _bi Aloipiloilt, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie 1
oi fmrzg oi 4>=2, 
4>=2,  www.aloipiloilt.`g.uc/eaji-styei/prg`rmstalmtalh
- `ðfg oitilir ie iji`tg ziahmrlac-jilðfilg-il-ie-trmdmkg-mbgrm-m24?8>
ziahmrlac-jilðfilg-il-ie-trmdmkg-mbgrm-m24?8>8:.btfe
8:.btfe  .
4.  Mrt Fmrcfml, "@ðfg supirmr em prg`rmstalm`aðl * uaet y `glvirtareg il fgtavm`aðl", BDT Ms`ilo, 8 oi ilirg oi
4>=1,bdrms`ilo.grh/tgpa`s/turl
4>=1, bdrms`ilo.grh/tgpa`s/turl-ygur-prg`rmstalmtagl-
-ygur-prg`rmstalmtagl-huaet-altg-fgtavmtag
huaet-altg-fgtavmtag l /  .

0.  DK Jghh, "@umlog mprilois ie fátgog _aly Bmdats, puiois `mfdamr tu vaom pmrm saifpri", _aly Bmdats, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl
4>=1, www.talybmdats.`gf/
il 4>=1,www.talybmdats.` gf/  .
? ? 
? . Oiipmc Mhmrwme,  Ois`udri ie hilag il tu bakg (  Oieba; MAI_P.`gf ^vt.Eto., 4>=4), 48-
42)
9 9 9 . @bmreis Oubahh  Ie pgoir oie bídatg; pgr quá bm`ifgs eg qui bm`ifgs il em vaom y egs lihg`ags ( L
  uivg
Qgrc; Tmlogf Bgusi, 4>=4), 4>‐4=.
: : :.  Kmfis @eimr, "Em M`moifam oi Bídatgs", Em M`moifam oi Bídatgs, bmdatsm`moify.`gf/
bmdatsm`moify.`gf/  .
8 8 8.  Kaf Cwac, "Cwac Drmal watb Kaf Cwac; Yloirstmloalh
Yloirstmloalh Bmdat _rahhirs watb Kmfis @eimr", Kaf Cwac, =2 oi g`tudri oi
4>=2, bttps;//kafcwac.
bttps;//kafcwac.`gf/cwac-drmal->8
`gf/cwac-drmal->89-uloirstm
9-uloirstmloalh-bmdat-t
loalh-bmdat-trahhirswatb-kmfis
rahhirswatb-kmfis-`eimr/
-`eimr/ .

2.  Adæoif.

1 1 1.  ^baeeappm Emeey, it me., "@ðfg si jgrfml egs bídatgs; fgoiemlog em jgrfm`aðl oi bídatgs il ie fulog rime"  Tivastm
Iurgpim oi ^sa`geghæm Pg`ame, 
Pg`ame,v  ge. ?>, lg. : (kueag oi 4>>1); 112‐=>>1, oga; =>.=>>4 / iksp.:8?.

=> .  Measgl Lmstmsa, "·@uíltg taifpg eeivm rimefilti rgfpir ul bídatg7" Bgpis & Jimrs, `glsuetmog ie 4> oi lgvaifdri oi 4>=9, w
=>   ww.bgpismlojimr 

- rimefilti-tgfmr-pmrm-rgfpir-ul-bídatg
rimefilti-tgfmr-pmrm-rgfpir-ul-bídatg  .
 ==.  Adæoif.
== 

=4.  DK Jghh, "Yl fgoieg oi `gfpgrtmfailtg pmrm ie oasiýg pirsumsavg", ^irsumsavi '>1;  M`tms oi em 
=4 
?tm @gljiril`am Altirlm`aglme sgdri _i`lgeghæm ^irsumsavm, 
^irsumsavm, Lg. ?> (4: oi mdrae oi 4>>1), oga; =>.==?9 /
=9?=1?2.=9?=111.
=0 .  Adæoif.
=0
=? 
=?.  Adæoif.

=9
=9  . Adæoif.

@M^Æ_YEG =>
= . Fabmey @sacsziltfabmeya  Jegw; em psa`geghæm oi em ixpirail`am ðptafm (  Luivm Qgrc; Bmrpir
Tgw, 4>>1).

4 . Faci Gppemlo, "2 fmlirms oi `rimr jeukg sihûl Fabmey @sacsziltfabmeya"   ^gsatavg
`bgeghy.`gf , `glsuetmog ie =1 oi jidrirg oi 4>=1, pgsatavipsy`bg
`bgeghy.`gf  pgsatavipsy`bgeghyprghrmf.`g
eghyprghrmf.`gf/fabmey-`sacszi
f/fabmey-`sacszi ltfabmeya-jmtbi
ltfabmeya-jmtbir-gj-jegw
r-gj-jegw
/ .
0 . Pusai @rmlstgl y P`gtt Cieeir, "Mufiltmlog ie 'sahlaja`mog ?ugtailti' oie trmdmkg"  F`Calsiy
_rafistrme,  Ilirg 4>=0, www.f`calsiy.`gf/dusaliss-jul`tagls/grhmlazmtagl/gur-alsahbts/a
_rafistrme,
l`rimsalh-tbi-sahlaja`mog-`g`ailti-oi-trmdmkg  .
??
? .  Iltripriliurs Alstatuti _imf, "M * ilaus Alsahbt; _bi Jgur Ptmhis gj Jegw", Iltripriliurs Alstatuti, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie
=4 oi jidrirg oi 4>=9, 
4>=9,i  fprismragsalstatuti.grh/upomtis/m-hilaus-alsahbt
- ems `umtrg itmpms oie jeukg 
jeukg .
9 9 9.  Bmrm Istrgjj Fmrmlg, "Ems trmfpms oie pirji``aglasfg
pirji``aglasfg""  ^sa`geghæm Bgy, 
Bgy,=  oi fmrzg oi 4>>2 www.ps
y`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/mrta`eis/4>>2>0/patjmees-pirji`taglasf  .
::
: .  _rmvas Drmodirry, "^gr quá egs fikgris eæoiris tailil `glva``aðl", Jgrg I`glðfa`g Fuloame, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie 8 oi
oa`aifdri oi 4>=9, www.wijgruf.grh/mhilom/4>
www.wijgruf.grh/mhilom/4>=9/=4/wby-tbi-dist-eimoirs-bmvi
=9/=4/wby-tbi-dist-eimoirs-bmvi`glva`tagl/
`glva`tagl/  .

@M^Æ_YEG ==
=.  Kaf Cwac, "@iridrg Cwac `gl Kaf Cwac; @ðfg `gl`iltrmrsi `gl Omlompmla", Kaf Cwac, 2 oi g`tudri oi 4>=1, b  ttps;//kafcwac.`gf/cwac
.
4.  Adæoif.

0.  Adæoif.

? ? ?  . ―Yl euhmr eafpag i aeufalmog‖  ]ui istis dail, m``ioaog ie 8 oi ilirg oi 4>4>, bttps;//diwiee.stmljgro.iou/
ul euhmr eafpag, dail aeufalmog / /  .
9 9 9 . Fiemlai * riildirh, "1 fmlirms oi `mefmr su filti mlsagsm"  ^sa`geghæm Bgy, 
Bgy, 42 oi kulag,

4>=9, www.psy`bgeghytgo
www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh
my.`gf/us/degh/tbi-falojue-siej-ix
/tbi-falojue-siej-ixpriss/4>=9>:
priss/4>=9>:/1-wmys-`mef-yg
/1-wmys-`mef-yg ur-mlxagus-falo
ur-mlxagus-falo  .

:  . Oglmeo Faeeir, "Ie `gstg drutme oi em sgdri`mrhm y `ðfg ri`upirmr ie ristg qui li`isatm"
::
@glstruyilog ulm bastgram duaeoalhmstgrydrmlo.`gf/ipasgoi-
bastgram duaeoalhmstgrydrmlo.`gf/ipasgoi-?>/
?>/  .
8 8 8 . Fmrcbmf Biao, "Egs `iridrgs oi ems pirsglms metmfilti oastrmæoms si vil fís piquiýgs"  1A@I,
 1A@I,  G`tudri =4,
4>=8, tgla`.va`i.`gf/ilWus/mrta`ei/wkxfpx/`glstmlt-ti`b-oastrm`tagls-mri-eaci-jiioalh-ygurdrmal-kulc-jggo 
tgla`.va`i.`gf/ilWus/mrta`ei/wkxfpx/`glstmlt-ti`b-oastrm`tagls-mri-eaci-jiioalh-ygurdrmal-kulc-jggo .

2.  Crastal Xglh, "@uíltg taifpg si tmrom il vgevir m em pastm oispuás oi ulm oastrm``aðl"  Eajibm`cir 
 41 oi kueag oi 4>=9 eajibm`cir.`gf/bgw-eglh-at-tmcis-tg-hit-dm`c-gl-trm`c-mjtir-m-oastrm`t-=84>8>
eajibm`cir.`gf/bgw-eglh-at-tmcis-tg-hit-dm`c-gl-trm`c-mjtir-m-oastrm`t-=84>8> 2090
2090  .

1 1 
1.  "?-8-2 Ikir`a`ag oi riemkm`aðl oi em risparm`aðl", Oari`tgris oie @glsikg oi Tisaoil`am il Fioa`alm oi Ifirhil`am, jidrirg oi
4>=>, www.`groif.grh/hegdmemssits/jaeis/m`moifa`-m
4>=>,www.`groif.grh/hegd memssits/jaeis/m`moifa`-mssifdey/4>=8-mm/bml
ssifdey/4>=8-mm/bmloguts/om
oguts/om y-tbrii / dagjiiodm`c-ixir`asi-
dagjiiodm`c-ixir`asi-jgr-striss-4
jgr-striss-4 ---
jirlml`is-k.poj  .

@M^A_YEG =4

=.  Tmepb Biadutzca, "Egs iji`tgs oi mdmrrgtmr pmrm ulm pruidm"  Iou`m`aðl,
 Iou`m`aðl, 4  = oi lgvaifdri oi 4>=8 iou
`mtagl.simtteipa.`gf/ijji`ts-`rmffalh-tist-48=1.btfe  .
4.  Fmrc Xbiieir, ―·^ripmrílogsi pmrm ulm pruidm7 Lg eg bmhms, oa`il egs alvistahmogris oi em Y@EM ", Y@EM Liwsrggf, 44 oi
mhgstg oi 4>=4, liwsrggf.u`em.iou/rieimsis/`rmffalh-jgr-m-t
liwsrggf.u`em.iou/rieimsis/`rmffalh-jgr-m-tist-ogl-t-og-at-4
ist-ogl-t-og-at-4 08800  .

0 . Xaeeamf T. Ceiff, "Istuoag istrmtáha`g; ie vmegr oie ritarg jgrzmog"  ^sa`geghæm Bgy,
www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf
1 oi g`tudri oi 4>=: www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh/fif
/us/degh/fifgry-fioa`/4
gry-fioa`/4>=:=>/strmtih
>=:=>/strmtiha`-stuoy
a`-stuoy
alh-tbi-vmeui-jgrzmog-ri`uirog .
alh-tbi-vmeui-jgrzmog-ri`uirog 
? ? 
?.  Adæoif.

9 9 
9.  Kmfis * uptm, "Tipita`aðl ispm`amom; ul tru`g pmrm bm`ir qui tu `iridrg mefm`ili aljgrfm`aðl"  egs
Humroaíl, 40 oi ilirg oi 4>=: www.tbihumroaml.`gf/iou`mtagl/4>=:/kml/40/spm`io-ripitatag
Humroaíl, 
lm-bm`c-tg-fmci-ygur-drmal-stgri-aljgrfmtagl .
lm-bm`c-tg-fmci-ygur-drmal-stgri-aljgrfmtagl 
: : 
: . Kgroml * malis Eiwas, "Pfiees Talh Diees; Bgw Pfiee _rahhirs Fifgrais mlo Ifgtagls"
^sa`geghæm Bgy, 
Bgy,=  4 oi ilirg oi 4>=9 www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`g
www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh/drmal-dmddei/4>
f/us/degh/drmal-dmddei/4>=
= 9>= /
buiei-`mfpmlms-`ðfg-geir-oaspmrmogris-ri`uirogs-y-ifg`aglis  .
buiei-`mfpmlms-`ðfg-geir-oaspmrmogris-ri`uirogs-y-ifg`aglis
8 8 8.  Xu-Kalh Bi, it me., "Ems rim``aglis ifg`aglm
ifg`aglmeis
eis fioaml ie iji`tg oi is`u`bmr fûsa`m il ie pilsmfailtg `rimtavg; pirspi`tavm
oi em bapðtisas oi em ix`atm`aðl y ie istmog oi ílafg"
ílafg" Jrgltirms
 Jrgltirms il psa`geghæm 2 (4: oi siptaifdri oi 4>=8); =:2>, www.l`da.lef.lab.hgv/pf`/mrta`eis/
.
2 . @emari Cars`b, "Pa lg is dmrrg`g, lg eg mrriheis"  Ie `mfpmlmrag, 
`mfpmlmrag, 49 oi ilirg oi 4>=8 bttp; // dieet
gwir.ftmegy.iou/4>=8/>=/aj-ats-lgt-dmrgqui-oglt-jax-at/
gwir.ftmegy.iou/4>=8/>=/aj-ats-lgt-dmrgqui-oglt-jax-at/  .
11
1 .  Mealm-Fabmiem Dusml, "Istaegs oi mpriloazmki oi istuoamltis oi fioa`alm; afpea`m`aglis il em iou`m`aðl"
Tivastm M`tume oi @ail`ams oi em Pmeuo ?>, lg. 4 (mdrae ‐ kulag 4>=?); =>?‐==>,   ww.l`da.lef.lab. hgv / pf` / mrta`eis /
=>?‐==>, w
^F@?0?>?9> / / .
=>.  Dgd Pueeavml y Buhb _bgfpsgl, ―¡Mbgrm is`u`bil istg! Em fmygræm oi em hilti mpistm me is`u`bmr Sixtrm`tgV "  @ailtæja`g
=> 
mfira`mlg,  0 oi fmyg oi 4>=0 www.s`ailtaja`mfira`ml.`gf
mfira`mlg, www.s`ailtaja`mfira`ml.`gf/mrta`ei/pemtimu-ijj
/mrta`ei/pemtimu-ijj i`t-oahatme-hmohit-oastrm``aðl-mtil`aðl / .

== .  Adæoif.
==

=4 
=4 . @aloa Fmy, "Yl si`ritg oi mpriloazmki; lg tgfi lgtms `gl ulm `gfputmogrm pgrtítae"  @ailtæja`g mfira`mlg,  kulag

0 oi 4>=? www.s`ailtaja`mfira`ml.`gf/mrta`ei/m-eimrlalh-si`rit-ogl-t-tmci-lgtis-watb-m-emptgp/

@M^A_YEG =0
=.  Ivi Fmroir, "Em afpgrtml`am oi ri`gromr"  iEaji : (=? oi mhgstg oi 4>=8), bttps; //www.l`d
a.lef.lab.hgv/pf`/mrta`eis/^F@99881>:/
a.lef.lab.hgv/pf`/mrta`eis/^F@99881>:/  .
4.  Xaeeamf T. Ceiff, "@al`g rmzglis pgr ems qui em fifgram afpgrtm"
afpgrtm"  ^sa`geghæm Bgy, 
Bgy, =0 oi ilirg oi
4>=0, www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh/fif
www.psy`bgeghytgomy.`gf/us/degh/fifgry-fioa`/4>=0>=/javi-rims
gry-fioa`/4>=0>=/javi-rimsgls-fifgry-fmt
gls-fifgry-fmt tirs
tirs  .
 0.  Kgsbum Jgir, "@ðfg iltrilmr tu filti pmrm ri`gromr `umequair `gsm", @LL, == oi kulag oi 4>=4, w
  ww.
`ll.`gf/4>=4/>:/=>/gpalagl/j
`ll.`gf/4>=4/>:/=>/gpalagl/jgir-tio-fifgry/aloix.bt
gir-tio-fifgry/aloix.btfe
fe  .

@M^A_YEG =?
= . Emuril Ouzdgw, ―Farm istg. Lg. ¡Eáieg!  Gprmb.`gf  Kulag oi 4>>2 www.gprmb.`gf/bimetb/
`ðfg-eiir-puioi-fikgrmr-tu-fifgram # axzz4ZQ^yR0uY 
axzz4ZQ^yR0uY .

4.  "Pahui eiyilog

e iyilog pmrm fmltilir m rmym ie Mezbiafir", Julom`aðl oie @iltrg Jasbir pmrm em Alvistahm`aðl oie Mezbiafir, fgoaja`mom pgr
ûetafm viz ie =4 oi lgvaifdri oi 4>=?, www.mezaljg.grh/mrta`eis/rimoalh
www.mezaljg.grh/mrta`eis/rimoalh-mezbiafirsdmy/
-mezbiafirsdmy/  .

@M^A_YEG =9
= . "Pias sgfdrirgs pmrm pilsmr", ie rgup Oi Dglg *, www.oidglghrgup.`gf/saxWtbalcalh
www.oidglghrgup.`gf/saxWtbalcalhWbmts.pbp
Wbmts.pbp  .
4.  "Egs `gfpgliltis oi FA", FA Gmsas, www.fuetapeialtieeahil`isgm
www.fuetapeialtieeahil`isgmsas.grh/tbi-`gfpglil
sas.grh/tbi-`gfpglilts-gj-
ts-gj-
fa
fa  , `glsuetmog ie => oi mdrae oi 4>=1.

0.  Adæoif.

?.  Adæoif.
? ? 

9 9 9.  Ie iquapg oi `gltilaog oi Falo _gges, "Istaegs oi mpriloazmki ZMC; `gfpriloir `ðfg mpriloil egs faifdrgs oie iquapg", Falo
_gges, www.falotgge
www.falotgges.`gf/pmhis/mrta`e
s.`gf/pmhis/mrta`ei/vmc-eimrlalh-styei
i/vmc-eimrlalh-styeis.btf
s.btf  , m``ioaog
=> oi mdrae oi 4>=1.

: : 
:.  Fmtt @meeil, "Em rihem ?>/8> y `ðfg si mpea`m m ustio", Ca`cstmrt oahatme, fgoaja`mog pgr ûetafm viz ie 0 oi fmyg oi 4>=:, b  ttps;//oahatmeca`cstmrt.`g
.
8 8 
8.  Adæoif.

2.  Taff, Meeasgl, "Ogfmr em eastm ápa`m oi tmrims". Bmrvmro Dusaliss Tivaiw, =? oi kulag oi 4>=2, b  ttp
s; //bdr.grh/4
//bdr.grh/4>=2/>0/tmfal
>=2/>0/tmfalh-tbi-ipa`-tg-
h-tbi-ipa`-tg-og-east
og-east  .
1 .  ^itir Divieal,  Dus`mlog Pmdaouræm; oi Omrwal m Fulhir ( ^
11   @M ^udea`mtagls EE@, 4>=2).
=> 
=> . Tyml Bgeaomy,  @glsparm`aðl; Em viromoirm bastgram oie pgoir, ie sixg y em trmfm si`ritm oi ul fuetafaeeglmrag pmrm 
Oistruyi ul afpirag fioaíta`g (  Luivm Qgrc; ^grtmjgeag, 4>=2).
==  . "^ilsmfailtg oi sihulog groil; quá utaeazml ems pirsglms altieahiltis pmrm supirmr", Jmrlmf Ptriit, `glsuetmog ie 44 oi ilirg oi 4>=1, bttps;//js.degh/4>=
==  bttps;//js.degh/4>=:/>
:/>
.
=4 
=4 . "Cwac Drmal `gl Kaf Cwac; pilsmfailtg ixpglil`ame `gl Lmviil Kmal", Kaf Cwac, ? oi fmyg,
4>=2, bttps;//kafcwac.`gf/cwac-drmal->91-ixpgliltame-tbalcalh-watb-lmviil-kmal/ 
bttps;//kafcwac.`gf/cwac-drmal->91-ixpgliltame-tbalcalh-watb-lmviil-kmal/ .
=0
=0  . Zagfi.`gf ^íhalm oi ala`ag, Zagfi, Al`., `glsuetmog ie 9 oi jidrirg oi 4>4>, www.vagfi.`gf 
www.vagfi.`gf .

=? 
=?.  Fmrc Dgl`bic, "@ðfg `rimr ulm filtmeaomo ixpglil`ame", Bmrvmro Dusaliss Tivaiw, g`tudri
? oi 4>=8 bdr.grh/4>=:/>8/bgw-tg-`rimti-ml-ixpgliltame-falosit
bdr.grh/4>=:/>8/bgw-tg-`rimti-ml-ixpgliltame-falosit  .
=9
=9  . Ivai Fm`cai, "^ilsmfailtg ixpglil`ame", Fioag, Pmem Q, ûetafm fgoaja`m`aðl ie 0> oi mhgstg oi 4>=2,  yg
oauf.`gf/rggf-y/ixpgliltame-tbalcalh-2o8`dd2m
oauf.`gf/rggf-y/ixpgliltame-tbalcalh-2o8`dd2mmj2m
mj2m  .
 

ÆLOA@I 

YLM
Bmdaeaomo, il ie fgoieg oi `gfpgrtmfailtg oi Jghh, =:>
Mpriloazmki m`ieirmog
mtil`aðl, =20 
=20 -  =1>
fifgram, 4==
4==  -  44=
`ail`am oi =2>
ei`turm viegz, 408
408  -  490
istuoamlog, =10
=10  - 4  >1
pilsmlog, 499
499  -  489
Titarg m`tavg, 9?
9?  , =11
=11  , 4>2
Meixas (sg`ag il eælim oi Cwac Eimrlalh), 80
80  -  89
Iljirfiomo oi Mezbiafir =?0
Mfdavmeil`am, =91
Mfál, Omlaie. =08
Tispuistms
bm`ailog prihultms `grri`tms y 91
hilirmeazm`aðl y :> :>
dus`mlog, 8?
8?  -  89
liurgpemsta`aomo y, :0
 prihultms y 9:
9:  -  :> :>  , :=
:=  , :0
@grtizm `alhuemom mltiragr (M@@), =28
ML_ (pilsmfailtgs lihmtavgs mutgfíta`gs), =08 
=08 -  =02  , =?: 
=?: , 424
Mlsaiomo, =28
Msg`am`aðl, 44? 
44? -  44:
Mtil`aðl
lutrailtis `iridrmeis y, =0:
filti `mefmom y =2:
`gls`ailti, =1:

iljg`mog =?9
fifgram y 4=8
4=8  , 440
pmhg, 91
91  , 2=
2=  , =29
ifg`aglis pgsatavms y 2:
`mfdamlog, 49
supirvaeemlgs y, xv
xv  , xva
irrmlti, ?2
Mpriloa`is muoatavgs, 4:>
Murieau, Fmr`us, =14
"Mutgfmta`aomo," =90
=90  , =98
^ilsmfailtgss lihmtavgs mutgfíta`gs (ML_), =08 
^ilsmfailtg =08 -  =02  , =?:
=?:  , 424
^aegtg mutgfíta`g, =90
=90  -  =98
Mhum`mtis, =0= 
=0= , =00 
=00 , =0?
=0?  , 4?9
4?9  , 42?

sa
Fmegs bídatgs, =98
=98  , =91
Dmcir / Dmcir ^mrmogx, 4=84=8  -  4=2
Dmrmloaeem, Tghir, 8=
8=  -  84
Fûsa`m dmrrg`m 4>0
4>0  , 409
Dmrrirms, fgvaálogsi m trmvás, 8=
8=  -  84
"Filti oi pral`apamlti" 9>
@mfdag oi `gfpgrtmfailtg, =91
@riil`ams m`iptmoms,
oai`asáas lû`eig, xvaaa
a`idirh, 89
89  -  8:
em altieahil`am is jakm 1>
eafatmlti, xvaa
xvaa  , xvaaa 
xvaaa , xxaa 
xxaa , =1
=1  , 84 
84 -  29
filtmeaomo y ::
luivg, `rimlog, 2?
 `gfg lg eafatmlti, xxaa
Pastifms oi `riil`ams, ::
PIT PYMZI flifgtá`la`g, 40=
40=  -  404
Diyirstial, Dmrry, 1?
1?  -  19
Dalit, Mejrio, 1= 1= 
1= -  14
Dem`c, Omvao P. =?9

Pgfdrirg lihrg, 49:

Hilag oie juihg 82
Mrílomlgs =0= 
=0= , =00 
=00 , 4?9 
4?9 , 42?
Pgfdrirg mzue, 498
Dgbðrquiz, Oaihg, ?>
Dgl`bic, Fmrc, 48=
48=  -  484
"@ba`g `gl ie `iridrg rgtg" 9 9
9  -  2  , 1 1
Drmodirry, _rmvas, =88
@iridrg
m`ir`m oi, 0?
0?  -  09
mltiprgyi`tg pmrm em m`tumeazm`aðl, xvaaa
rgtg, fu`bm`bg `gl 9 9
9  -  2  , 1 1
`grtizm `iridrme, 09

`glixaglis, ?>
`gfg oaspgsatavg oi dgrrmog, 9:
`gfg `irog ilirháta`g, 1?
aljeuil`am mfdailtme il, 09
09  -  0:
`gfprilsaðl ivgeutavm sgdri, 0?
bm`ir ikir`a`ag 4=0
aljeuil`am hiláta`m il 09
09  -  0:
smeuo y istmog jæsa`g oi, xva
`glg`afailtg eafatmog sgdri, 0?
filtarm oi usg eafatmog, 10
10  -  19

sal eæfatis, 00
00  -  ?9
is`u`bmlog `gl 4>0 4>0  -  4>9
fifgram y 48
`gfg fûs`ueg 48
48  , 4=4
4=4  -  4=0
pa`g liurgeðha`g y, 09
liurgpemsta`aomo 09
09  , 0: 
0: -  02
sud`gltrmtm`aðl, 48
48  -  42
 rihaglis y jul`aglis, 1?
sastifm oi m`tavm`aðl rita`uemr (TMP), 9: 
9: -  91
ois`rap`aðl oie ispm`ag `gfg, 1 1
supirvaeemlgs, xva
xva  -  xvaa
fikgrmlog m trmvás oi em ei`turm, ?9
Ilsmemom Drmal Dggst, =00 
=00 -  =0?
Iltrilmfailtg `iridrme, =?

@a`egs `iridrmeis, =:>

Oaitm `iridrme
meafiltgs il =0>
=0>  , =0=

ri`itms, =04
=04  -  =09
Ilirhæm oie `iridrg
Bgrfahms, fmtmlog y, =08
=08  -  =02
prgti``aðl oie `iridrg y =?>
mfdailti eafpag y =02
=02  -  =01
oaitm pmrm =0> 
=0> -  =09
ikir`a`ag y, =0:
=0:  -  =08
aeafatmog, hilirmlog,
hilirmlog, =41 =41
=41  -  =?:
il fgtavm`aðl, ===
luivg mpriloazmki y =?>

lutrailtis =0:
hrupg pgsatavg oi pmris y, =01
ogrfar y =?=
=?=  -  =?:
fmlikg oie istrás y, =?=
il ie prghrmfm Cwac Ptmrt oi => oæms, 42?
Meafiltgs pmrm ie `iridrg, =0> 
=0> , =0=
=0=  , =?:
=?:  , =?8
Jul`aðl oie `iridrg
`meaomo oie mari y =02
`mfdamlog, 0:
0:  , 02
oaitm y =0>
=0>  , =04 
=04 , =0:

ikir`a`ag y, =08
supuistg oi usg eafatmog, 10
10  -  19
em fifgram `gfg julomfiltme il 4=?
4=?  , 401
hrupg pgsatavg oi pmris y, =01
ogrfar y =?4
Lutrailtis oie `iridrg, =0:
^rgti``aðl oie `iridrg, =?>
 _rgl`g il`ijíea`g, 09
Tisparm`aðl, 94
94  , ==?
==?  , =02
=02  , =?9 
=?9 -  =?:  , =:: 
=:: , =84 
=84 , =22
=22  -  =21  , 4>=
Drð`gea, =0=
=0=  , =0? 
=0? -  =09  , 4?9
4?9  , 42?
Drgwl, Eis 24
Dru`i, Kml 89 
89 -  8:
Dryml, @brastgpbir, =4>

@
Ysg oie `meilomrag, 90 
90 -  9?
Fátgog oi "`mpturm y `rim`aðl", 4>8
@mrriy, Kaf =>>
=>>  -  =>=
Pastifm lirvagsg `iltrme (PL@), 0?
0?  , 01
@grtizm `iridrme, 09
Oismjamlog m ta fasfg, jeuyi y, =8?
=8?  -  =89
@bg`gemti gs`urg =0=
=0=  , =09 
=09 , 42?
@araeeg, Jrml`is`g
Jrml`is`g,, ?2
Mfdailti eafpag, =02 
=02 -  =01
@emrg, Kmfis, =99
@m`mg, `mliem y kilhadri "`bg`gemti `meailti" =09
@giebg, ^mueg, =24
@gbil, * aeeaml, 4=8
^íhalm oi `gfprgfasg, 9:
9:  , 98
@gfprgfasgs, ==9
==9  , =40
@gfpitil`am, `umtrg lavieis oi, =19 
=19 -  =1:
@gfprilsaðl, ei`turm, 4?9
4?9  -  4?:
@gfstg`c, Ditb, 1:
@gl`iltrm`aðl
alvistahm`aðl oi bmdaeaomois, ?2
iltgrlg oi oisgroil y, =2:
oijalaog, =29
il mpriloir m mpriloir, =4
`gfg ul fûs`ueg =29 
=29 , =2:
prm`ta`mlog, =2? 
=2? -  =2:
il `gfprilsaðl ei`tgrm, 4?:
áxatg y =2?
@glixaðl, 49
49  , 08
 Meirtm `gl`ailti, 0=
@gfpitil`am `gls`ailti =19
=19  -  =1:
Al`gfpitil`am
Al`gfpitil`am `gls`ailti, =19
Itmpm oi `glsgeaom`aðl, jeukg, =84

"Pmdaouræm `glvil`aglme" =>:

@glva``aðl, jmetm oi, =8:
=8:  -  =88
@grtasge, =?=
=?=  , =8:
@gltmlog, eiyilog y, 49>
49>  -  49=

@gyei, Omlaie =>9

Mdmrrgtmlog =18 
=18 -  =12  , =11 
=11 . Zir tmfdaál istuoamr
@riahbtgl, Fmloiee (gdaspg), 92
Em `ræta`m oi egs oifís afpgrtm EAI, =>> 
=>> -  =>4
@sacsziltfabmeya, Fabmey, =:1 
=:1 -  =8>

ri
Omlompmla =2?
=2?  , =29
Om Zal`a, Eiglmrog, 8 8
Oi Dglg, Iowmro 49:
49:  -  498
_gfm oi oi`asaglis
`iridieg y, 09

oiou``aðl oahatme
fgoieg filtme pmrm,y4:9 
42 -  4::
4:9
Iltgrlg oi oisgroil, =2:
Oiou``aðl, 42
42  . Zir tmfdaál oifil`am oi oiou``aðl oahatme, xva
, 9 9 
9 , =02
=02  . Zir tmfdaál oahatme
Oiprisaðl
Oifil`am
`grtasge y =88
faiog me jrm`msg y =8:
jmetm oi suiýg y ==?
==?  , =?4
mzû`mr rijalmom y =0>
Oaitm, `iridrg, =0> 
=0> -  =09
Oiou``aðl oahatme. Zir tmfdaál supirvaeemlgs
m`ir`m oi, 42
42  -  0=
oijalaog, xva
xva  , 0>
Cwac Ptmrt, 0=
ti`lgeghæm y 42
42  -  41
 Oaeuvag oahatme. Zir tmfdaál supirvaeemlgs
m`ir`m oi, 44
44  -  4?
oijalaog, xva
vaom fioam oi em aljgrfm`aðl y, 4?
raishgs oi smeuo, 40
40  -  4?
Cwac Ptmrt, 4?
Oifil`am oahatme. Zir tmfdaál supirvaeemlgs

m`ir`m oi, 4:
4:  -  42
oijalaog, xva
xva  , 4:
Cwac Ptmrt, 42
sud`gltrmtmr `iridrg y, 48
48  -  42
Oiprisaðl oahatme, 0>
Oastrm``aðl oahatme. Zir tmfdaál supirvaeemlgs sgdri, 4?
4?  -  4:
oijalaog, xv
prg`ismfailtg oi aljgrfm`aðl y, 49
Cwac Ptmrt, 4:
fuetatmrim y, 4:
Oastrm``aglis
iltgrlg oi oisgroil y, =2:
ieafalmlog, =80
=80  , =88
iljgqui y, =2:
mpriloailog m mpriloir y, =4
fifgram y 409
taifpg y, =28
=28  -  =22  , =21
Ogpmfalm 49
Oguhbtai, Eylli =>2
PYIÝGP flifgtá`la`gs
flifgtá`la`gs,, =:? 
=:? -  =:9
Puiýgs, ri`gromlog =:? 
=:? -  =:9
Oru`cir, ^itir, 4>
Oryoil, Kgbl, =?2

Oubahh, @bmreis, =99

Owi`c, @mrge, 1> 
1> -  1= 1=  , =:0
Owyir, Tyml, 49
Oyir, Xmyli, 22
Hilag oie oælmfg, 82
Oaseixam, 11
 fa
Imheifml, Omvao, 1?
Pmefðl y drð`gea msmogs `gl suazg
M`iehm, =0?
=0?  -  =09
Ioasgl, _bgfms, 4=>
Iou`m`aðl

prihultms y 92
sastifm, ?=
?=  -  ?0
tgfmlog il sus prgpams fmlgs, 14

Iowmros, _yrgl, 440

Buivgs, =0= 
=0= , =00 
=00 , =0?
=0?  , 42?
Ialstial, Medirt, 8 8
8  , ==
==  , :?
:?  , 19
19  -  1:  , 492 
492 , 491
Ieagt, _P, 48:
Iffgls, Lmtbmlaie, =92
Ilirhæm ifg`aglme, 94
Ems ifg`aglis
gdkitavgs qui il`mkml `gl ==:
==:  -  ==8
`riil`ams eafatmltis y, 20
fifgram y 44:
44:  , 442
fgtavm`aðl y =4?
lihmtavg, 29
pgsatavg, 2:
sgfdrirg oi pilsmfailtg rgkg y, 49:
49:  -  498
Zmegr jalme, =4=
Ilirhæm. Zir ilirhæm `iridrme
Histaðl ilirháta`m, xvaa
Pastifm lirvagsg iltára`g (ILP), 02
02  -  01  , ?>
Fioag mfdailti, eafpag, =02
=02  -  =01
Irrgris, istuoamlog tu, 4:8
4:8  -  4:2

Ikir`a`ag
ilirhæm `iridrme y =0:
=0:  -  =08
ogrfar y =?0
=?0  -  =??
Filtmeaomo ixpglil`ame, 48=
48=  -  484
^ilsmfailtg ixpglil`ame. Zir tmfdaál pilsmlog
m`ir`m oi, 48=
48=  -  484
oijalaog, 48>
 ixtrmpgemr y, 48?
pemltimr ul luivg iljgqui y, 480
eiir sgdri isg y, 48?
pmsgs pmrm 484 
484 -  48?
prgdeifm sudym`ilti y 484
484  -  480

J
Jm`aeatmogr (prgltm), =:=
Bi`bgs, 2= 
2= -  20  , 2?
Jrm`msg
faiog m jeuar y =8:
mpriloir, 18
pmrm bm`ir em `glixaðl, 08
irrgris `gfg filtarm, 19
19  -  18
M`rðlafg FÍP TÍ^AOG, 42= 
42= -  424
Jaieos, Kglmtbml, ==1
Oiog, il ei`turm, 4?8
4?8  -  4?2
Filtmeaomo jakm, 1> 
1> -  1= 1=  , 14 
14 , ==2
Jeuar
m`ir`m oi, =:1
=:1  - =  8> oismjamr y, =8?
- =89
`mrm`tirazm`aðl oi, =8>
gdkitavgs `emrgs y =8?
itmpm oi `glsgeaom`aðl il, =84
oijalaog, =:1
ieafalmtalh oastrm`tagls mlo, =80
=80  , =88
ilifais gj, =89
=89  ‐   =88
jimr gj jmaeuri mlo, =8:
jaloalh, =80
=80  ‐   =89
jegw stmhi al, =84
ms julomfiltme tg eafateiss, =88
Cwac Ptmrt, =84
em`c gj `glva`tagl mlo, =8:
=8:  ‐   =88
fgtavmtagl mlo, ===
fuetatmscalh, =89
 prgou`tavaty mlo, =8>
riemxmtagl stmhi al, =84
sgfitbalh ygu egvi mlo, =80
=80  ‐   =8?
ms ―sgur`i `goi‖ gj fgtavmtagl, =84
stmhis gj, =8=
=8=  ‐   =84
striss mlo, =89
=89  ‐   =8:
struhhei stmhi al, =8=
tafi mlo, =80

wallalh watb, =8>

=8>  ‐  =  8=
al tbi wgrcpem`i, =8>
Jg`us. Pii mesg m``ieirmtio eimrlalh
mdgut, =20
=20  ‐   =2?
mlxaity mlo, =28
`mefalh falo mlo, =2: =2:  ‐   =21
`gl`iltrmtagl, =2?
oastrm`tagls mlo, =2:
afpgrtml`i gj, =20
al eimrlalh bgw tg eimrl, =4
rimoalh mlo, 4?>4?>  , 4?0
al rimoalh `gfpribilsagl, 4?:
uleafatalh, =1>
Jgir, Kgsbum, 4=?
4=?  , 4=2
Jghh Dibmvagr Fgoie
mdaeaty, =:>
`bmlhalh dibmvagrs watb, =:8
oijalio, =91
fgtavmtgrs, =91=91  ‐   =:>
prgfpts, =:>
Jghh, D. K., =9= 
=9= , =91
=91  ‐   =:=
JGFG (jimr gj fassalh gut), =40
Jggos, drmal, =0> 
=0> , =0=
=0=  , =?:
=?:  , =?8

Jgro, Oiddai, =9?

Jgro, Bilry, 49?
Jgrifml, Ta`bmro, 41
Jgrhittalh `urvi, ?8 ?8  , ?2
?2  , 9?
?>/8> ruei, 4:9
4:9  ‐   4::
Jriora`csgl, Dmrdmrm, 29 29  ‐   28
Jrgst, Tgdirt, 449
 Jult, Kueait, =28

H
* mrolir, Bgwmro, 492
492  , 489
* ilirmeazmtagl, :>
* ilaus

demzi, 82
oylmfg, 82
ms hrgwl, =>9
as dgrl EAI, =>4 =>4  ‐   =>9
Cwac Ptmrt, 81
fuetapei jgrfs gj, 88 88  ‐   81
stiie, 82
82  ‐   81
tifpg, 82
ygu ms, 88
88  ‐   81
* ah i`glgfy, ??
* gmes
drimcalh ogwl altg sfmee stips, =41
jattalh watb ifgtagls, ==: ==:  ‐   ==8
jegw mlo, =8?
falosit meahlfilt tg, xvaa
lgti-tmcalh, 4>:
PFMT_, ==:
* ggomee, Kmli, 4:>
* grogl, Dmrry, 19
* riildirh, Fiemlai, =28
* riiljaieo, ^mtra`am Fmrcs, 41
* riil bmt, 498
* riil eimjy vihitmdeis, =0= 
=0= , 42?

* riaoir, @mrge, 1212  ‐   11

* rgwtb falosit, 1> 1>  ‐   1=  , 14
14  , ==2
* uaet, =9> 
=9> ‐   =9=
* uptm, Kmfis, 4>>

B
 Bmdat eggp, =99
=99  , =9: 
=9: , =:8
Bmdats
dmo, =98
=98  , =91
`rimtalh, =9:
=9:  , =98
=98  , =:= 
=:= ‐   =:4
Cwac Ptmrt, =:=
fgrlalh rgutali, =:0 =:0  ‐   =:8
lihmtavi, =9:

liw, al =>-Omy Cwac Ptmrt prghrmf, 42?

liw, XAL m`rglyf jgr, =:4
=:4  , =:8
geo, `gljrgltalh, =9?
gli mt m tafi, hrgwalh eaji mlo, =:4
=:4  ‐   =:0
pgwir gj, =99
Bmdatumtagl, 9:
9:  ‐   91
BIMT m`rglyf, 4>? 4>?  ‐   4>9
BIMT_ m`rglyf, ==:
Birg‑s Kgurliy, xxaa 
xxaa , xxaaa
Bairmr`by gj vmeuis, =4> =4>  ‐   =4=
Bgddis, _bgfms, 18
Bgpi/jimr fgtavmtgr, =:>
Bufml pgtiltame, xxaaa
Byormtagl, =:9
=:9  . Pii mesg wmtir

A
―A mf‖ stmtifilts, =4> =4>  , =4:
A`idirh dieaijs, 89 89  ‐   8:
Aoiltaty, ==1
==1  ‐   =4>  , =49
Aeajj, Kijj, =?4
=?4  ‐   =?0
Afmhalmtagl mlo rimoalh, 4?=
Al`rifiltme falosit, 484
Aljgrfmtagl
oieaviralh hrimt oime gj, 441 441  ‐   40=
bmej-eaji gj, 4?
altiltagl gj tim`balh, 90
prg`issalh mlo jaetiralh, 49
ri`meealh hrimt oime gj, 4=24=2  ‐   44>
Allir `rata`, 8:
8:  , 88 
88 , 20 
20 , 2? 
2? ‐   29
 Alsgflam, =?0
=?0  , =??
=??  . Pii mesg seiip
Alsparmtagl, =2 
=2 , 28
Altieeahil`i
dgoaey-calistbita`, 492
ms jeuao, 10
hrgwtb falosit mlo, 14
altirpirsglme, 491

altrmpirsglme, 491
ealhuasta`, 491
egha`me-fmtbifmta`me, 491
fusa`me, 492
492  ‐   491
lmturmeasta`, 4:>
spmtame, 492
typis gj, 10
10  , 492
492  ‐   4:>
Altieeahil`i as jaxio EAI, 21 21  ‐   10
Altirlit, rieaml`i gl, 41 41  , 0> 
0> , 4?>
A?
oijalio, 88
s`gris, 1=
1=  , 14
tists, 14

-
Kmal, Lmviil, 4:1 
4:1 ‐   48=  , 484 
484 ‐   480
Kmfis, Xaeeamf, 10
Kgds, `bmlhalh lmturi gj, ?0 ?0  ‐   ??
KGFG (kgy gj fassalh gut), =40

C
Cmcu, Fa`bag, 04
Cieey, Jrio, =>=
=>=  ‐   =>4
Cillioy, Kgbl J., 4??
4??  ‐   4?9
Caf, Kiml, =?4
Calistbita` eimrlirs, 4:>
Ceiff, Xaeeamf, =11 
=11 , 4=9 
4=9 ‐   4=:
Ceali, @brastgpbir I., =??
 Clgweiohi
ms pgtiltame tg di pgwir, 12
ms pgwir, =0
=0  , 18 
18 ‐   12
al prgfgtalh liurgpemsta`a
liurgpemsta`aty,
ty, 9>
tryalh tg jat al m dgx, =>?
―_bi Clgweiohi,‖ 0:
Cgteir, Ptivil, =:2 
=:2 , =8=
=8=  , =84
Cwac Drmal mpp, 9=

Cwac Drmal pgo`mst, =?

Cwac @bmeeilhi, =:4
=:4  , =:0
Cwac Eimrlalh `gffulaty, 44
Cwac Ptmrt ixir`asis
ML_s (mutgfmta` lihmtavi tbguhbts), =02
mscalh quistagls, :4
:4  , :0
dggcs tg rimo, 4?=
drmal jggos, =0>
`meilomr usi, 9?
`eiml ilvarglfilt, =01
`gl`iltrmtagl, =2?
oahatme oiou`tagl, 0=
oahatme oieuhi, 4?
oahatme oifiltam, 42
oahatme oastrm`tagl, 4:
oastrm`tagl tafi, =21
ogalh, :0
jegw, =84
jg`us, =21
hilaus, 81
bmdats, =:=
―A mf,‖ =4>
eimrlalh ms sg`ame, 90

―_g Eimrl‖ east, =?>

EAIs gj eimrlalh, =>9
fifgry, 4=0
fgrlalh rgutali, =:8
fgvifilt, =08
pmssagls, ==2
 pgsatavi piir hrgup, =01
prgdeif sgevalh, 492
purpgsi, ==1
rimoalh mlo rififdiralh, 9>

rimoalh
rimoalh ms m`tavi
tafi, 490ixpirail`i, 94
ri`mee, 444
riemxmtagl, 44=

rivaiw, 9?
seiip, =?:
ms sfmee safpei stips, =?1
sfmee safpei stips (P 0),  =90
spiloalh ixtrm tafi, 4?4
stmti-oipiloil`y gj eimrlalh, 94
94  ‐   90
stmti gj falo, J striss
fmlmhifilt, =?=
stuoy, =19
supirvaeemals, 0=
wratalh ogwl ixtrmligus tbguhbts, 9=

E
Emlhumhis. Pii mesg vg`mduemry
dmrgqui fusa` mlo, 409
rififdiralh, 404
404  ‐   409
spm`io ripitatagl mlo, 409
wgro sudstatutagls, 400
400  ‐   40?
Emsbeiy, Cmre, 10
―Emulory `y`ei‖ fitmpbgr, =?4 =?4  ‐   =?0
Eimrlalh. Pii mesg m``ieirmtio eimrlalh
m`tavi mpprgm`b tg, 44?
44?  ‐   448

dilijats gj, xva jgr, =44

dittir, rimsgls =44  ‐  =  40
`mpm`aty, ms eafateiss, =0
`glsastil`y al, =>>
`rata`asf fmttirs EAI, =>>
=>>  ‐   =>4
ms oajja`uet EAI, 12 
12 ‐   =>>
ieifiltmry, 44>
44>  ‐   440
 ms ifpty vissie, 9> 9>  ‐   9=
ixpmloalh, =?:
=?:  ‐   =?8
hilaus as dgrl EAI, =>4=>4  ‐   =>9
bgw tg eimrl, =4
=4  ‐   =?
altieeahil`i as jaxio EAI, 21
21  ‐   10
clgweiohi as pgwir EAI, 18 18  ‐   12
ms eajieglh prg`iss, 4>

eafatio drmal usi EAI, 10 10  ‐   19

eastilalh mlo, 4>0
4>0  ‐   4>9
ms fmcalh liw `glli`tagls
`glli`tagls,, 08
fastmcis mri jmaeuris EAI, 19 19  ‐   18
fusa` mlo, 4>4
4>4  ‐   4>0  , 4>2 
4>2 ‐   4>1
liurgpemsta`aty mlo, 02
liw, drmal ilirhy mlo, =?>
prafm`y mlo, ?2
?2  , ?1?1  , =12 
=12 , 448
prgdeif-sgevalh tbrguhb, 11
ri`il`y mlo, ?2
?2  , ?1
?1  , =12 
=12 , 448
sfmee stips al, =>>
ms sg`ame, 90
stmti-oipiloil`y, 94 94  ‐   90
supirvaeemals gj, 4=
4=  ‐   44
tmcalh `bmrhi gj, ??
Eimrlalh `urvi, 90
Eimrlalh oasmdaeatais, 11
―Eimrlalh oasmdeio,‖ =0
Eimrlalh ilvarglfilt, 94
Eimrlalh styeis
muoatgry, 4:>
oitirfalmtagl quaz, 4:44:4  ‐   4:?
calistbita`, 4:>

fax gj, 4:9

gtbir, al`grpgrmtalh, 489
vasume, 4:>
Eii, Dru`i, =>4 
=>4 ‐   =>?  , =>9
Eii, Ptml, :8
Eijcgi, Pbieey, 80
 Eivatal, Omlaie K., 49
49  ‐   4:
Eiwas, Kgroml *malis, 4>4
EAIs gj eimrlalh
`rata`asf gj gtbir pigpei fmttir, =>>
=>>  ‐   =>4

hilaus as dgrl,
altieeahil`i =>4
=>4  ‐   =21
as jaxio, >9 ‐   10
21 
clgweiohi as pgwir, 18 18  ‐   12
Cwac Ptmrt, =>9

eimrlalh liw tbalhs as oajja`uet, 1212  ‐   =>>

eafatio drmal usi, 10
10  ‐   19
fastmcis mri jmaeuris, 1919  ‐   18
EAIs gj fgtavmtagl, ==>
Eaji purpgsi, ==8
Eafatio aoims iltirtmalio (EAIs), ::
::  , 21
Eafatalh dieaijs. Pii mesg EAIs gj eimrlalh
`gffgley bieo, =>:
ijji`ts gj, 80
ifgtagls mlo, 20
jm`ts mlo, 2=
2=  ‐   20  , 2?
jaxio falosit, 1=
allir `rata` mlo, 20 20  , 2?
2?  ‐   29
eafateiss falosit virsus, 2>
falafazalh, 2> 2>  ‐   29
fgst `gffgl, 28
lmfalh, 2>2>  ‐   2=
rijrmfalh, 2>
2>  ‐   29
ms siej-tmec, 84
84  ‐   80
sgur`i gj, 2=
ms stmrtalh al `baeobggo, 80
80  , 2=
ms wrglh, 2= 
2= ‐   20
Eafateiss
di`gfalh, 0 ‐   =1
ms m `bga`i, 9? 9?  ‐   9:
ms prghrissalh diyglo, =:
ygu ms, 488
488  ‐   482
Eafateiss Fgoie, =8 =8  ‐   =2
Eafateiss (  fgvai), 0 , 10  10 , ==>
 Eafateiss si`rits, xvaa 
xvaa ‐   xvaaa  . Pii mesg fitbgos3 falosit3 fgtavmtagl Eafats

dieaij al, xxaa

ms hrgwtb mlo eimrlalh gdstru`tagl, 0>
0>  ‐   0=

ms pri`gl`iavio lgtagls, 9=
Eapszy`, Bmomssmb, =9>
Eastilalh
BIMT m`rglyf, 4>?
4>?  ‐   4>9

afpgrtml`i gj, 4>0

eimrlalh mlo, 4>0
4>0  ‐   4>9
lgti-tmcalh mlo, 4>8
watb wbgei drmal, 4>0 4>0  ‐   4>9
Eg`mtagl, 44: 
44: , 40> 
40> , 40=
Eg`a fitbgo, 441
441  ‐   40=

F
Fm`cai, Ivai, 480
Fmhuari, Ieimlgr, 0:
Fma, Kimllai, 91
Fmrmlg, Bmrm Istrgjj, =8:

Fmroir, Ivi, 4=9

Fmrc, *egram, =22
Fmrcfml, Mrt, =9=
Fimls vmeui, =4=
Fioatmtagl, =?9
=?9  ‐   =?:
Fifgrazmtagl, 4=9
4=9  , 4=: 
4=: , 4=1 
4=1 ‐   44>  , 444
444  , 442
Fifgry. Pii mesg m``ieirmtio eimrlalh
m`tavi jg`us al, 44?44?  ‐   448
mssg`amtagl mlo, 44? 44?  ‐   44:
mttiltagl mlo, 4=8 4=8  , 440
Dmcir/dmcir ^mrmogx mlo, 4=8 4=8  ‐   4=2
drmal strilhtbilalh mlo, 48
oieaviralh m hrimt oime gj aljgrfmtagl mlo, 441 441  ‐   40=
oahatme oifiltam mlo, 48
oastrm`tagls mlo, 409
ifgtagl mlo, 44: 44:  , 442
ixir`asi gj, 42
42  , 4=:
 ms jgulomtagl jgr iviry m`tagl, 4=?
4=?  ‐   4=9
ms julomfiltme drmal jul`tagl, 4=?
hrimt, ciys jgr, 44?
44?  ‐   448
ms hrimtist mssit, 4=0
afpgrtml`i gj, 4=0
4=0  , 4=? 
4=? ‐   4=9
Cwac ixir`asi, 448
448  ‐   441
Cwac Ptmrt, 4=0

gj emlhumhis, 404
404  ‐   409
eg`mtagl mlo, 44:
44:  ‐   448
eg`a fitbgo mlo, 441
441  ‐   40=
eglh-tirf, ?=
fitbgos, 4=8
FGF flifgla`, 4=: 4=:  ‐   4=8  , 429
fgtavmtagl mlo, 4=: 4=:  ‐   4=8
gj lmfis, 40=
40=  ‐   404
lgt-tg-og east, 4:8
gdsirvmtagl mlo, 4=8
rimoalh mlo, 4?>
ri`mee gj m hrimt oime gj aljgrfmtagl mlo, 4=2
4=2  ‐   44>
rijiril`i pgalts, 4=8 4=8  ‐   4=2
sbgrt-tirf, ?=
trmalio, 444
444  , 441
441  , 409
trmalalh vaoigs, 409
vasumeazmtagl mlo, 44?
vg`mduemry mlo, 404
404  ‐   409
wgrcalh, 4=:
Fifgry empsis, 02
Filtme fgoies
jgr oi`asagl-fmcalh, 4:9 4:9  ‐   4::
oijalio, 4:9

?>/8> ruei, 4:9

4:9  ‐   4::
lgt-tg-og east, 4::
4::  ‐   4:8
jgr prgdeif-sgevalh, 4:8 4:8  ‐   4:2
jgr prgou`tavaty, 4::
4::  ‐  4  :8
si`glo-groir tbalcalh, 4:1
jgr strmtihy, 4:1
 stuoy ygur irrgrs, 4:8
4:8  ‐   4:2
ms tbalcalh `glstru`ts, 4:9
Fitm-eimrlalh, =2>
Fitbgos. Pii mesg jg`us3 fifgry3 fgtavmtagl3 spiio rimoalh3 stuoy

oijalio, =2
=2  , =81
ciy, xvaaa
eafat al, =1
al Eafateiss Fgoie, =8
=8  ‐   =2

fmstiralh, xxa
fifgry, 4=8
ms prg`iss gj eimrlalh bgw tg eimrl, =2>
rahbt, usalh, xvaaa
Falo
drgmoilalh, =14
`mefalh, =2:
=2:  ‐   =21
`mefalh ti`blaquis, =22
=22  ‐   =21  , =1>
fifgrazmtagl mlo, 4=9
pripmralh, :4
:4  ‐   :0
wmloiralh mlo omyorimfalh, 4?:
Falosit
meahlfilt tg oisaris mlo hgmes, xvaa
dieaijs mlo, ::
`bmrm`tirazmtagl gj, ::
oijalio, =2=2  , :9
ixpgliltame, 48= 48=  ‐   484
jaxio, 1>
1>  ‐   1=  , 14
14  , ==2
hrgwtb, 1>
1>  ‐   1=  , 14 
14 , ==2
al`rifiltme, 484
altirsi`tagl watb fgtavmtagl, =2
eafat al, =8
eafateiss, =8
=8  ‐   =2  , :8 
:8 , 2>
2>  , 488

al Eafateiss Fgoie, =8
=8  ‐   =2
fmstiralh, xxa
pgsatavi, duaeoalh, 29
sbajtalh, =4
saeil`alh tbi allir `rata` mlo, 28
Fastmcis
 ms jmaeuris EAI, 1919  ‐   18
jiiealhs mdgut, =>:
ms sahls gj tryalh sgfitbalh liw, 1:
stuoyalh, 4:8
4:8  ‐   4:2

ygu ms m pirsgl mlo, 18

FGF flifgla`, 4=: 4=:  ‐   4=8  , 429
Fglit, @emuoi, 492
Fgliy, safpea`aty mlo, =:>

Fgrlalh Drmal _gla`, =04

Fgrlalh Fmha` Pfggtbai, =00
Fgrlalh rgutali. Pii mesg bmdats
―drmal sfggtbai,‖ =::
―drmal tim,‖ =::
drimtbalh ixir`asis, =::
drusbalh tiitb watb gppgsati bmlo, =:9
`ieiry kua`i, =:9
`geo sbgwir, =:9
=:9  ‐   =::
OTIMFP mssissfilt, =:? =:?  ‐   =:9
istmdeasbalh, =:0
=:0  ‐   =:8
byormtagl, =:9
afpgrtml`i gj, =:0
=:0  , =:8
ciys tg, =::
Cwac Ptmrt, =:8
fmcalh dio, =:9
tbrii-faluti wgrcgut, =:9
Fgrpbius, 99
Fgrras, Iooai, ==>
Fgs`gla, Easm, =0>
Fgtavmtagl. Pii mesg ilirhy3 purpgsi
`ueturi ms lgurasbio dy, =>2
oijalio, =2
=2  , =>1

ifpgwiralh silsi gj, =4

ilkgyfilt mlo, ==>
jaloalh jegw mlo, ===
jegw ms ―sgur`i `goi‖ gj, =84
al Jghh Dibmvagr Fgoie, =91
=91  ‐   =:>
jgr`alh, =4:
 jgrfuem, ==>
bgpi/jimr, =:>
aoiltaty mlo, ==1
==1  ‐   =4>
altirsi`tagl watb falosit, =2

EAIs gj, ==> eafat al, =2

eafateiss,
488  ‐   482
488
al Eafateiss Fgoie, =8
=8  ‐   =2

ms eafateiss si`rit, xvaa

xvaa  -  xvaaa
fmstiralh, xxa
fifgry mlo, 4=:
4=:  ‐   4=8
ms lgt jaxio, ==>
pmssagls mlo, ==8
==8  ‐   ==1
peimsuri/pmal, =91
=91  ‐  =  :>
rimsgls mlo, =44
ms sit gj ifgtagls, =4?
ms sit gj bmdats mlo rgutalis, =4:
sg`ame m``iptml`i/riki`tagl, =:>
ms sgfitbalh ygu og, ==>
sustmalmdei, ==>
tmppalh altg, =>
Fgzmrt, Xgejhmlh Mfmoius, 491
Fuieeir, ^mf M., 4>8
Fuetatmscalh, 4:
4:  , =89 
=89 , =29
=29  , =28
Fusa` mlo eimrlalh, 4>4
4>4  ‐   4>0  , 4>2 
4>2 ‐   4>1  , 409

L
Lmfis, rififdiralh, 40=
40=  ‐   404
Lihmtavi bmdats, =9:
Liurgegha`me pimc, 09

Liurgls, 40
40  , 04
Liurgpemsta`aty04  , 09 
09 , 08
08  , ?>
?>  , =?>
mlswirs mlo, :0
oijalio, 09
09  , 08
oipiloil`y, 08
clgweiohi prgfgtagl gj, 9>
 eimrlalh mlo, 02
uloirstmloalh, 0:
0:  ‐   02
Liurgtrmlsfattirs, 09
Lglrgutali, safpea`aty mlo, =:>
Lgti-tmcalh. Pii mesg stuoy mdaeaty,
uphrmoalh, 4>9
4>9  ‐   4>2 ―`mpturi mlo `rimti‖
fitbgo, 4>8 hgmes, 4>:

afpmario eimrlalh mlo, 4>:

4>:  ‐  4  >8
alijji`tavi, 4>9
altiltagl, `emraty gj, 4>:
eastilalh mlo, 4>8
gwl wgros al, 4>:
prm`ta`alh, 4>1
purpgsi gj, 4>9
4>9  ‐   4>:
rivaiwalh lgtis mjtir, 4>8 4>8  ‐   4>2
_A^ flifgla`, 4>2
taps, 4>2
wratalh mlo, 4>:
4>:  ‐   4>8
Lgt-tg-og east, 4::
4::  ‐   4:8
Lutrailts, drmal, =0:

G
Gdmfm, Fa`bieei, =42
Gdsirvmtagl, 4=8 
4=8 , 499
499  , 429
Gpalagls, 2=
Gppilbiafir, Omlaie F., 4>8
Grhmlazmtagl, tbas dggc, =1

^
^mal, =4?
^mssagl(s)
jaloalh, ==8
==8  ‐   ==2  , =4:
Cwac Ptmrt, ==2
eimrlalh mlo, =49
purpgsi mlo, ==8
==8  ‐   ==2
 rimsgls mlo, =44
safuetmligus `uetavmtagl gj, ==2
uloireyalh fimlalh al, ==1
^iir hrgup, pgsatavi, =01
^irapbirme vasagl, vasagl mlo, 4?1
4?1  ‐   49>
^irefml, Momf, 89 89  ‐   8:
^bgspbgeapao OBM, =0:
^bysa`me ijjgrt, safpea`aty mlo, =:>

^emlti, _bgfms *., =98 =98  ‐   =91

^emtg, 4:>
^eimsuri/pmal fgtavmtgr, =91 =91  ‐   =:>
^gfgogrg ti`blaqui, ?2 ?2  , ?1
^gsatavi falosit, 29
^gsatavi piir hrgup, =01
^gsatavi tbalcalh, 81 81 ‐   2>
^gsturi, 94
94  , 4>= 
4>= , 424
^gwiee, @geal, 4:9
^gwir, clgweiohi as EAI, 18 18  ‐   12
^risiltmtagls, oieaviralh watbgut lgtis, 441441  ‐   40=
^rafm`y, ?2
?2  , ?1 
?1 , =12 
=12 , 448
^rafalh, =4>
^rgdeif-sgevalh
al mooalh vmeui, ?9
Cwac Ptmrt, 492
stuoy ygur irrgrs mlo, 4:8 4:8  ‐   4:2
ti`blgeghy mlo, 42 42  ‐   41
tbalcalh bmts jgr, 49:
49:  ‐   498
^rg`rmstalmtagl, =9=
=9=  , =18 
=18 , =11
^rgou`tavaty
ilvarglfilt, `bmlhalh, =1>
jegw stmti mlo, =8>
=8>  , =88

filtme fgoie jgr, 4::

4::  ‐   4:8
^gfgogrg ti`blaqui jgr, ?2
^rgfasi, 9:
^rgfpts, =:= 
=:= , =:4
^rgti`tagl, drmal, =?>
^uhb, Cil, 401
 ^urpgsi
di`gfalh `eimr gl, ==9
ms oravir tg m`t, ===
al huaoalh oi`asagls, ==8

Cwac Ptmrt, ==1

eaji, ==8
pmssagl mlo, ==8
==8  ‐   ==2
rimsgls mlo, =4=
=4=  ‐   =40

al =>-Omy Cwac Ptmrt prghrmf, 420

vmeuis mlo, =4>
=4>  ‐   =4=

]
?uistagls
ms tbi mlswir, 9: 9:  ‐   :>  , :=
:=  , :0
mscalh, :>
:>  , :4 
:4 ‐   :0
ogfalmlt, :> :>  ‐   :0
iou`mtagl mlo, 92
al huaoalh TMP, 91
jgr prafalh jg`us, :0
quistaglalh, 420

rahbt, mscalh, =>

=>  ‐   =4
tbas dggc, :0
wrglh, mscalh, ==

T
Timoalh. Pii mesg spiio rimoalh
mdgut, 408
408  ‐   401
mppri`amtagl, 4?:4?:  ‐   4?8
mvirmhi spiio, 4?4
dmrrairs mlo gdstm`eis, 4?0 4?0  ‐   4?9
dggcs, =>
ms dgralh tmsc, 402402  , 4?0
`bmeeilhis tg, 4?44?4  ‐   4?9
`gfpribilsagl, 4?9 4?9  ‐   4?:
ijja`ail`y, 4?0
al ixpgliltame tbalcalh, 48?
 jg`us mlo, 4?>
4?>  , 4?0
ms jgulomtagl jgr eimrlalh, 401
jul gj, 89
afmhalmtagl mlo, 4?=
Cwac Ptmrt, 490
jgr eafateiss drmal, 401
401  ‐   4?=
al fifgry afprgvifilt, 4?>
fitbgos jgr al`rimsalh spiio gj, 4?2
4?2  ‐   49=

gutomtio scaees, 4??

pgwir gj, ifdrm`alh, 429
rihrissagl mlo, 4?0
4?0  , 4?2
siej-mssissfilt, 4?=
4?=  ‐   4?4
segw, rimsgls jgr, 4?0
spiio, eafatio, 49>
sudvg`meazmtagl mlo, 4??4??  ‐   4?9  , 49>
taps, 494
uloirstmloalh
uloirstmloal h mlo, 4?=
al uphrmoalh ygur drmal, ?9
vasume pm`ir, 490
al vg`mduemry afprgvifilt, 4?>
wmloir, 4?0
wgros ms syfdges mlo, 4?9
wratalh ogwl ixtrmligus tbguhbts wbaei, 9=
watb ygur jalhir, 4?8
4?8  ‐   4?2
Timoalh `ar`eis, ?
Timeaty, jm`alh, 2
Timsglalh, 4=9
Timsgls
`gffatfilts mlo, =40
jaloalh, =4=
=4=  ‐   =40
eimrlalh mlo, =44=44  ‐   =40  , =49
jgr eimrlalh scaees mlo ti`blaquis, tbas dggc, =4?
=4?  ‐  =
  49
fgtavmtagl mlo, =44
pmssagl mlo, =44
risuets mlo, ==4
vmeuis mlo, =44
Ti`mee, 44=
44=  , 444
 Ti`il`y, ?2
?2  , ?1 
?1 , =12
=12  , 448
Ti`apis, drmal
Drmal Dggst Pmemo, =00 =00  ‐   =0?
@g`gm-@allmfgl-halhir ―Bgt @bg`gemti,‖ =09

Imsy Tgmstio Pmefgl & Drg``gea watb Pwass @bmro, =0?

=0?  ‐   =09
Fgrlalh Drmal _gla`, =04
Fgrlalh Fmha` Pfggtbai, =00
Tio bmt, 49:
49:  ‐   498

Tihrissagl, 4?0
4?0  , 4?2
Tihrit, =>4
Tiao, Cmtbryl K., =?0
=?0  ‐   =??
Tiemxmtagl stmhi, jegw, =84
Tisastml`i, pirsastil`i mlo, 9=
Tita`uemr m`tavmtalh systif (TMP), 9:
9:  ‐   91
Tivaiw, 9?
Ta`btie, Fmtt, 40
Tais, Ira`, ?4
Tgddals, _gly, =:0
Tgdalsgl, Cil, ?=
Tg`bi, Dryml, 14
Tgwealh, K. C., 4

P
Pmefgl, =0=
=0=  , =0? 
=0? ‐   =09  , 42?
Pmrtri, Kiml-^mue, 9?
P`bieeildirh, I. *eill, 4:4 4:4  ‐   4:0
―P`ail`i gj fgfiltuf,‖ =:0
Pi`glo-groir tbalcalh, 4:1
Piej-tmec, 02
02  , 9=
9=  , 84
84  ‐   80  , 2= 
2= , 20 
20 , =02
Pbmfi, =9=

Pbmrfm, Fglm, =04

Pbmttá, Mloriw, 89
89  ‐   8:
Pbilc, Omvao, 14
Pahlme (prgfpt), =:=
Pafgl, _bigogri, 1=
Pafpea`aty, `mtihgrais gj, =:>
 Palic, Pafgl, 0=
0=  , ==9
Peiip
drmal ilirhy mlo, =?=
=?=  ‐  =  ?:
―`mt`b-up‖ filtmeaty, =?0
OTIMFP mssissfilt, =:? =:?  ‐   =:9
ixir`asi mlo, =?0
=?0  ‐   =??
hggo, m``gfpeasbalh, =?0 =?0  ‐   =??
afprgvalh, =?8

alsgflam mlo, =?0=?0  , =??

Cwac Ptmrt, =?:
em`c gj, ==0
==0  , ==? 
==? , =?4
fioatmtagl mlo, =?9
=?9  ‐   =?:
ms lgt m `bga`i, =?4
=?4  ‐   =?0
qumeaty, =?4
turlalh gjj falo mlo, =?9 =?9  ‐   =?:
Pfmee safpei stips (P 0)
mutgpaegt mlo, =90
=90  ‐   =98
dmdy stips mlo, =9=
=9=  ‐   =90
dibmvagr `bmlhi mlo, =94 =94  ‐   =90
di calo tg ygursiej mlo, =9>=9>  ‐   =9=
oijalio, =?1
Cwac Ptmrt, =?1
=?1  , =90
gvirwbief mlo, =9>
[iahmrlac ijji`t mlo, =9> =9>  , =9= 
=9= , =90
PFMT_ hgmes, ==:
Pfiee, silsi gj, 4>=
4>=  ‐   4>4
Pfatb, Xaee, :4
Pg`ame m``iptml`i/riki`tagl fgtavmtgr, =:>
Pg`ame oivaml`i, safpea`aty mlo, =:>
Pg`ame fioam, xv
xv  , 49 
49 ‐   4:  , 0> 
0> , 9: 
9: , 91 
91 , 12
12  , =2: 
=2: , 49=
Ppm`io ripitatagl, =11
=11  ‐   4>>  , 409
Ppmrc (prgfpt), =:=
Ppiio rimoalh. Pii mesg m``ieirmtio eimrlalh3 rimoalh
`gfpribilsagl fas`gl`iptagl, 4?94?9  ‐   4?:
`gultalh mlo, 49>
49>  ‐   49=
ijjgrt fas`gl`ipta
fas`gl`iptagl,
gl, 4?:
ms ixir`asalh, 4?2
4?2  ‐   49=
 jalhir usi al, 4?8
4?8  ‐   4?2
Kgbl J. Cillioy mlo, 4?? 4??  ‐   4?9
fmstir`emss, 490
fas`gl`iptagls, 4?9
4?9  ‐   4?8

pirapbirme vasagl mlo, 4?1

4?1  ‐   49>
prghriss ms maf al, 49=
rimoalh mppri`amtagl fas`gl`iptagl, 4?:
4?:  ‐   4?8
spiio, al`rimsalh, 4?2
4?2  ‐   49=

su``iss stgrais, 49=

49=  ‐   490
taps, 494
Ppatzir, Fmljrio, 4:
Ptmrt watb Xby (  Palic), ==9
Ptmti gj falo
Cwac Ptmrt, 4>=
eimrlalh mlo, 94 94  ‐   90
fmlmhalh, 4>=
pgsturi mlo, 4>=
Ptiie hilaus, 82
82  ‐   81
Ptriss
`euttirio ilvarglfilt mlo, =2:
ogalh sgfitbalh tbmt `musis, =22
=22  ‐   =21
jegw mlo, =89
=89  ‐   =8:
aee-bimetb mlo, 40
gxaomtavi, drmal, =0>=0>  , =0=
prgeglhio, =?=
Ptriss fmlmhifilt, 81 81  , =?=
Ptruhhei stmhi, jegw, =8=
Ptuoy. Pii mesg m``ieirmtio eimrlalh
m`tavi ri`mee mlo, =11=11  , 4>2
dittir, =1: 
=1: ‐   =18
`gfpitil`i mlo, =19 =19  ‐   =1:

`rmffalh mlo, =18 =18  ‐   =12

bmdats, =11
=11  ‐   4>2
afpgrtml`i gj, =10 =10  ‐   =19
Cwac Ptmrt, =19
eastilalh watb wbgei drmal mlo, 4>0 4>0  ‐   4>9
fusa` mlo, 4>4
4>4  ‐   4>0  , 4>2 
4>2 ‐   4>1
 lgti-tmcalh mlo, 4>9
4>9  ‐   4>2
lgti-tmcalh taps, 4>2
gptafazalh, al =>-Omy Cwac Ptmrt prghrmf, 42?
prg`rmstalmtagl mlo, =18
=18  , =11

silsi gj sfiee mlo, 4>= 4>=  ‐   4>4

spm`io ripitatagl mlo, =11 =11  ‐   4>>
stmti gj falo mlo, 4>=
su``iss mlo, =1:
=1:  ‐   =18

tafi, =11
Pudvg`meazmtagl, 4??4??  ‐   4?9  , 49>
Pupirbirgis, xax
xax  , 0 , 9 , =? 
=? ‐   =9  , 4= 4= , :1
:1  ‐   8>  , =89
=89  , 482
482  ‐   481
Pupirpgwirs, xxa
xxa  , 9 , =9
=9  , 4= 4=  , 8>
8>  , =:8
=:8  , 401 
401 , 482
Pupirvaeemals mdgut, xva xva  ‐   xvaa
`ufuemtavi ijji`ts gj, xva
oijalio, xv
xv  ‐   xva
oahatme oiou`tagl, xvaa xvaa  , 42 
42 ‐   0=
oahatme oieuhi, xvaxva  , 4444  ‐   4?
oahatme oifiltam, xvaa xvaa  , 4: 
4: ‐   42
oahatme oastrm`tagl, xvaa  xvaa , 4?4?  ‐   4:
ciipalh mt dmy, 0=
Cwac Ptmrt, 0=
eimrlalh mlo, 4=
4=  ‐   44
eafats gj, xv
Pylmpta` prulalh, 19

_
_myegr, Kaf, 41
_im`balh, eimrlalh watb altiltagl mlo, 90
_i`blgeghy, 44
44  , 48
48  , 42 
42 ‐   41  , 0= 
0= , 00
_ifpg hilaus, 82

=>-Omy Cwac
mdgut, 481
Ptmrt prghrmf
481  , 42=
drmal ilirhy, 42?
JMP_IT m`rglyf, 42= 42=  ‐   424
caee ygur ML_s, 424
FGF flifgla`, 429
 liw bimetby bmdat, 42?
pgwir gj rimoalh, 429
purpgsi, 420
quistagl ygur quistagls, 420
stuoy gptafazmtagl, 42?
wbmt ygu wmlt fgst, 420
_balcalh. Pii mesg m``ieirmtio eimrlalh

ixpgliltame, 4:1
4:1  ‐   48?
al`grpgrmtalh gtbir eimrlalh styeis altg, 489
altieeahil`i typis mlo, 492 492  ‐   4:>
eimrlalh styeis mlo, 4:>4:>  ‐   4:9
filtme fgoies mlo, 4:9 4:9  ‐   4:1
ms prg`iss gj rimsglalh, :>
si`glo-groir, 4:1
supir`bmrhalh, 0>
watb tbalcalh bmts, 49:49:  ‐   498
_balcalh bmts, 49:
49:  ‐   498  , 489
_afi
oastrm`tagls mlo, =28=28  ‐   =22  , =21
jegw mlo, =80
ms afpgrtmlt mssit, ?8
safpea`aty mlo, =:>
stuoy, =11
watb ul`euttirio falo, =28
_A^ flifgla`, 4>2
_gjjeir, Meval, =82
_rmalio fifgry, 444444  , 441
_rmalio rimoirs, 4?:
4?:  ‐   4?8  . Pii mesg rimoalh3 spiio rimoalh _rmls`iloalh,
tbas dggc ms, xxaa
_urfira`, =0=
=0=  , =04
=04  , =0: 
=0: , 42?
_wmal, Fmrc, :2
:2  , 40:

Y
Yl`gls`agus `gfpitil`i, =1:
Yl`gls`agus al`gfpitil`i, =19
 Yloireyalh prgdeif, hittalh tg, 484
484  ‐   480
Yleafatalh tghitbir, =:
=:  ‐   =8

Z
Zmeuis
`gri, ==8
`rimtalh east gj, =48
bairmr`by gj, =4>
=4>  ‐   =4=

al a`idirh fgoie, 8:
eimrlalh mlo, =49
=49  , =4:
pragratazmtagl gj, =4=
rimsgls mlo, =44
ulmwmriliss gj, =4=
Zaebmuir, Killa`i, 8:
Zasumeazmtagl, 44?
44?  , 441
441  ‐   40=  , 404 
404 , 420
Zasume eimrlirs, 4:>
Zg`mduemry
ms `grlirstgli gj eimrlalh, 404
fms`ueali gr jifalali, 409
rimoalh mlo, 4?>
rififdiralh, 404 404  ‐   409
spm`io ripitatagl mlo, 409
wgro sudstatutagls, 404
404  ‐   400

X
Xmeluts, =0=
=0=  , =00
=00  ‐   =0?  , 42?
―Xmloir rimoalh,‖ 4?0
Xmtir, =0=
=0=  , =04
=04  , =?4
=?4  , =98
=98  , =:9
=:9  , 48>
48>  , 484 
484 ‐   480  , 42?
Xiae, Mloriw, =22
Xbmt-aj-stmtifilts, 480

Xbati bmt, 49:

Xbatispm`i, =28
―Xby‖ quistagl, =48 
=48 , 4:2
Xaeeamf, Mltbgly, =:9
Xaeeamfs, Zilus, 4:>
Xaesgl, Xggorgw, ?:
 Xafdir, Fmram, 48
Xal m`rglyf (bmdats), =:4
=:4  , =:8
Xaljriy, Gprmb, 82
82  , 81 
81 , 408 
408 , 491
Xgros ms syfdges, 4?9
Xgro sudstatutagls, 404
404  ‐   400
Xgrc, `bmlhalh lmturi gj, ?0 ?0  ‐   ??
Xgrcalh fifgry, 4=:
―Xgrtby ravmes,‖ 0=

Xrahbt drgtbirs, =>=

=>=  ‐   =>4

R
R-Fil `mst, =9

Q
Qmlic, Easm, 81
Qieegw bmt, 49:
Qap Fml, =>0 
=>0 , =>9
Qgursiej, clgwalh, :>
:>  ‐   :0

[
[mrgf, Tgly, 42
[iahmrlac, Deufm, =?1 
=?1 ‐   =9>
[iahmrlac ijji`t, =9>
=9>  , =9= 
=9= , =90
[avm Fioatmtagl, =::
 

Xi bgpi ygu ilkgyio tbas Bmy Bgusi dggc. Aj ygu‑o eaci tg ri`iavi gur gleali `mtmegh jimturalh mooataglme
aljgrfmtagl gl Bmy Bgusi dggcs mlo prgou`ts, gr aj ygu‑o eaci tg
jalo gut fgri mdgut tbi Bmy Jgulomtagl, peimsi `gltm`t;

Bmy Bgusi, Al`., ^.G. Dgx 9=>>, @mresdmo, @M 14>=2-9=>>

(8:>) ?0=-8:19 gr (2>>) :9?-9=4: (8:>) ?0=-:1?2
(jmx) gr (2>>) :9>-9==9 (jmx)
www.bmybgusi.`gf
www.bmybgusi.`gf  ® • www.bmyjgulomtagl.grh

***

^udeasbio al Mustrmeam dy; Bmy Bgusi Mustrmeam ^ty. Eto.,

=2/0: Tmepb Pt., Meixmloram LPX 4>=9
^bgli; :=4-1::1-?411 • Jmx; :=4-1::1-?=??
www.bmybgusi.`gf.mu

^udeasbio al tbi Ylatio Calhogf dy; Bmy Bgusi YC, Eto., _bi Paxtb Jeggr,
Xmtsgl Bgusi, 9? Dmcir Ptriit, Eglogl X=Y 8DY
^bgli; +  ?? (>)4> 0148 841> • Jmx; +  ?? (>)4> 0148 841=
www.bmybgusi.`g.uc

^udeasbio al Aloam dy; Bmy Bgusi ^udeasbirs Aloam, Fuscmml @gfpeix, ^egt
Lg. 0, D-4, Zmsmlt Culk, Liw Oieba ==> >8>
 ^bgli; 1=-==-?=8:-=:4> • Jmx; 1=-==-?=8:-=:0>
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***

M``iss Liw Clgweiohi.

Mlytafi. Mlywbiri.

Eimrl mlo ivgevi mt ygur gwl pm`i watb tbi

wgreo‑s eimoalh ixpirts.

www.bmybgusiY.`gf
 

Eastil tg tbi muoag virsagl gj tbas dggc jgr JTII!

_ gomy  , eati as fgri bi`ta` t bml ivir-sg ygu oisirvi gl-oifml  o

mlo gl
gl  -t  b  i-hg sgeutagls tb  mt als  p a  ri hrgwtb  , `iltir ygu 
ygu r fal
fal  o  , mlo suppgrt yg  u  r
wiee-dialh.

el t  rgou`a  l  h t  b  i B  my

el  my Bgusi Yleafatio Muoag f g  d a  ei m  p p  . Lgw ygu `m  l e a  sti  l tg tbas dggc
(m  l  o `gulteiss g  tb  i  r  s  )-watbgu  t b m  valh tg r i  stru`turi yg  u  r omy.
(m

Xatb ygur f i

f i fdir 
 fdir  s bap
 s bap , , ygu `ml ;
`ml ;
• I lkgy gvi  r 0>
0>  ,  >>> bgurs g  j mu
mu  o  ag j   r   g  f yg
yg  u  r
jmvgrati m 
m u  tbgrs.

• Ix
Ix  p e  gri m  uo  agdggcs  , fi
fi  oa t  mtagls  ,
B my Bg  usi T moag ipasgois  , pgo`ms
pgo`ms  t  s  , eaea ,  WA_ .  . E
  .  I
  .  P
  P

m l  o fg  r   i.

 • E astil m  l  yta  f  i m  l  o mlywbiri wat  b
g jjeal  i ea  stila  l  h.
t..> >.½..
t..> >.½.. -
 -
• M``iss ix`eusavi muoags ygu wgl 
wgl '  t
jalo mlyw
mlyw  b  iri iesi.

_ry JTII jmr 8 omys!

Zasat . - • tg stmrtygurjrii
trame ml5A hit gli stip `egsir tg eavalh ygur dist eaji.
 

iDggc PuPPeifiltme Fmtirame

_bmlc ygu jgr pur`bmsalh tbi Eafateiss iDggc dy Kaf Cwac. _bas iDggc
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Jgr jurtbir mssastml`i, peimsi `gltm`t Bmy Bgusi @ustgfir @mri dy pbgli; YP (2>>) :9?-9=4: gr
AL_E @@+(8:>) ?0=-8:19 gr vasat www.bmybgusi.`gf/`gltm`t  .

_bmlc ygu mhmal Agr ygur Bmy Bgusi iDggc Pur`bmsi. IlFgy!

Bmy Bgusi, Al`. ^.G. Dgx 9=>> &mresdmo, &M 14>=2-9=>> (2>>) :9?-9=4: