CIRCUIT THEOREMS

1. Choose a reference (ground) node

Identify all the nodes and select a reference node (usually
the node with the most branches connected to it or the
ground node of a power source)
500Ω 500Ω

I1 V 1kΩ 500Ω I2
500Ω
–

The reference node is called the ground node where

V=0
 CIRCUIT THEOREMS
2. Assign node voltages to the other nodes.
Identify all the nodes and select a reference node (usually
the node with the most branches connected to it or the
ground node of a power source)

500Ω 500Ω
V1 V2 V3
1 2 3
I1 1kΩ 500Ω I2
500Ω

V1, V2, and V3 are unknowns for which we solve using KCL
 CIRCUIT THEOREMS
3. Apply KCL to each node other than the reference node;
express currents in terms of node voltages.
V1 500Ω V2 V1
V1
500Ω
500Ω

V1 − V2
500Ω
V1 500Ω V2

I1 V1 − V2 V1
500Ω I1 = +
500Ω 500Ω