هيوم

Accounting Information Systems
Fourteenth Edition
Chapter 1
Accounting Information
Systems: An Overview
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved
pearson
Learning Objectives
• Distinguish between data and information:
– Discuss the characteristics of useful information.
– Explain how to determine the value of information.
• Explain the decisions an organization makes:
– The information needed to make them.
– The major business processes present in most companies.
• Explain how an AIS adds value to an organization.
– How it affects and is affected by corporate strategy.
– The role of AIS in a value chain.
Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. Chapter 1: Accounting Information Systems: An Overview Slide 1 - 2
pearson
Distinguishing Between Data and
Information
• Data are facts collected, recorded, and stored in the
system
– A fact could be a number, date, name, and so on.
For example:
2/22/14
ABC Company, 123,
99, 3, 20, 60
pearson
Data vs. Information
The previous slide just showed data, if we organize the data
within a context of a sales invoice, for example, it is
meaningful and considered information.
Invoice Date : 2/22/14 Invoice #: 123
Customer: ABC company
Item # Qty Price
99 3 $20
Total Invoice Amount $60
pearson
Decision Quality
• Information helps us make better decisions.
• Too much information causing information overload can
reduce decision quality.
• Information Technology (IT) is used to help decision
makers more effectively filter and condense information.
pearson
Value of Information
• Information is valuable when the benefits exceed the costs
of gathering, maintaining, and storing the data.
Benefit (i.e., improved decision making) - Cost (i.e., time
and resources used to get the information) = value of
information
pearson
What Makes Information Useful? (1 of 2)
There are seven general characteristics that make
information useful:
1. Relevant: information needed to make a decision (e.g., the
decision to extend customer credit would need relevant information
o n customer balance from an A/R aging report)
2. Reliable: information free from bias
3. Complete: does not omit important aspects of events or activities
4. Timely: information needs to be provided in time to make the
decision
pearson
What Makes Information Useful? (2 of 2)
1. Understandable: information must be presented in a meaningful
manner
2. Verifiable: two independent people can produce the same
conclusion
3. Accessible: available when needed
pearson
Transactional Information Between Internal
and External Parties in an AIS
• Business organizations conduct business transactions
which is an agreement between two entities to exchange
goods, services, or any other event that can be measured
in economic terms by an organization.
• Transaction data is used to create financial statements and
is called transaction processing.
• The flow of information between these users for the
various business activities involves a give-get exchange
grouped into business processes or transaction cycles.
pearson
Interactions Between AIS and Internal and
External Parties
pearson
Basic Business Processes
• Transactions between the business organization and
external parties fundamentally involve a “give–get”
exchange. These basic business processes are:
– Revenue cycle: give goods / give service—get cash
– Expenditure cycle: get goods / get service—give cash
– Production cycle: give labor and give raw materials—get finished
goods
– Payroll cycle: give cash—get labor
– Financing cycle: give cash—get cash
pearson
What Is an Accounting Information System
(AIS)?
• AIS is a system that collects, records, stores, and
processes data to produce information for decision makers.
• Consists of
– People who use the system
– Processes (procedures and instructions)
– Technology (data, software, and information technology)
– Controls to safeguard information
• Thus, an AIS collects and stores data, transforms that data
into information, and provides adequate controls.
pearson
How Does an AIS Add Value to an
Organization?
• A well thought out AIS can add value by:
– Improving the quality and reducing the costs of products or
services
– Improving efficiency
– Sharing knowledge
– Improving efficiency and effectiveness of its supply chain
– Improving the internal control structure
– Improving decision making
pearson
AIS and Corporate Strategy
• An AIS is influenced by an organization’s strategy.
• A strategy is the overall goal the organization hopes to
achieve (e.g., increase profitability).
• Once an overall goal is determined, an organization can
determine actions needed to reach their goal and identify
the informational requirements (both financial and
nonfinancial) necessary to measure how well they are
doing in obtaining that goal.
pearson
AIS in the Value Chain
• The value chain links together the different activities within
an organization that provide value to the customer.
– Value chain activities are primary and support activities.
 Primary activities provide direct value to the customer.
 Support activities enable primary activities to be efficient and effective.
• A supply chain is an extended system that includes the

organizations value chain as well as its suppliers,
distributors, and customers.
pearson
pearson
Key Terms
• System • Revenue cycle
• Goal conflict • Expenditure cycle
• Goal congruence • Production (conversion) cycle
• Data • Human resource/payroll cycle
• Information • Financing cycle
• Information technology (IT) • General ledger and reporting system
• Information overload • Accounting information system (AIS)
• Value of information • Predictive analysis
• Business process • Value chain
• Transaction • Primary activities
• Transaction processing • Support activities
• Give-get exchange • Supply chain
pearson
Thanks and Good Luck
Dr. Sulaiman Weshah
pearson

هيوم

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

هيوم

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Accounting Information Systems

Copyright © 2018 Pearson Education, Inc. All Rights Reserved

• A supply chain is an extended system that includes the

Dr. Sulaiman Weshah

You might also like