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Criminology Past Papers

Attempt ONLY FOUR questions from PART-II by selecting ONE question


from EACH SECTION. ALL questions carry EQUAL marks.

2016:
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Explain the nature and importance of Criminology in detail. (20)
Q. No. 3. Define the term Crime and Criminals. Explain the types of Criminals in detail. (20)
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Write a note on the role of Crime Control Agencies. (20)
Q. No. 5. Define the term Probation and discuss the conditions of Probation. (20)
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. Enlist and discuss the principles of Criminal Investigation. (20)
Q. No. 7. Discuss in detail the “Interviewing and Interrogation Techniques” of investigation
(20)
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. Write a detailed note on Cyber Crime. (20)
Q. No. 9. Write short notes on any TWO of the following: (10 each)
(a) Money laundering
(b) White –collar crime
(c) Criminal law

2017:
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Write a critical note on the increasing importance of Criminology in Pakistan. Also
discuss the historical development of criminology as a scientific discipline. (20)
Q. No. 3. Enlist the criminological perspectives. Briefly describe the three criminological
perspectives on the study of crime and criminal behaviour. (20)
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Write a comprehensive note on the Juvenile justice system of Pakistan. Suggest
measures for the improvement of Juvenile justice system of Pakistan. (20)
Q. No. 5. Write short notes on: (10 each)
(a) Causes of Juvenile delinquency in Pakistan
(b) Probation and Parole (20)
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. Write a comprehensive note on the principles of criminal investigation. Illustrate
with examples from Pakistan. (20)
Q. No. 7. Elaborate importance of legal and ethical guidelines for the criminal investigation
of gender based crimes. Support your answer with example from Pakistani society.
(20)
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. Write a critical note on the role of law enforcement agencies in the control of
terrorism in Pakistan. Suggest measures to minimize radicalization in Pakistan.
(20)
Q. No. 9. Write notes on: (10 each)
(a) Money-laundering in Pakistan
(b) Gender and Crime

2018:

SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Define Criminology. Discuss the scope of criminology in Pakistan. (20)
Q. No. 3. What is the Islamic perspective on crime and punishment? Explain your answer
with the help of proper examples. (20)
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. What is juvenile delinquency? Explain the nature, extent and causes of juvenile
delinquency in Pakistan. Suggest remedial measures for reducing juvenile
delinquency in Pakistan. (20)
Q. No. 5. Trace back the history and development of police organization in Pakistan. (20)
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. What is Criminal investigation? Explain the key principles of criminal
investigation. (20)
Q. No. 7. To what extent Interpol has been successful in reducing organized crime at
international level. Discuss (20)
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. Intelligence-led policing has become an effective model of policing in tackling
organized crime. Discuss the background and key principles of intelligence-led
policing. (20)
Q. No. 9. Discuss the laws and institutional arrangements for controlling money laundering in
Pakistan.

2019:
SECTION-1
Q. No. 2. Travis Hirschi argued that crime results when an individual’s bond to society is
weak or broken. Discuss in detail what this theory of social bonding explains about
crime. (20)
Q. No. 3. Discuss the fundamental postulates of Edwin Sutherland’s ‘Differential Association
theory’ with examples. (20)
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Discuss some of the functions and responsibilities of Juvenile Justice System. Do
you believe that Juvenile Justice has played its role in prevention of juvenile crimes
in Pakistan? (20)
Q. No. 5. How far recidivism has been limited by the institution of prison? Explain some of
the modern strategies used in prison for the restoration and reintegration of
criminals. (20)
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. Define and differentiate interviewing and interrogation techniques. How far human
rights of criminals are being violated during the interrogation process? (20)
Q. No. 7. How the forensic science is a helpful tool in the modern day for determining and
detection of violent crimes? (20)
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. Cybercrime is increasing at national and international levels. Suggest some
measures to control this kind of crime. (20)
Q. No. 9. How do violent crimes affect social fabric of Pakistani society? Discuss some of the
modern policing strategies for prevention and control of the violent crimes in
Pakistan.
2020:
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. What is your position on the nature vs nurture debate in criminology? (20)
Q. No. 3. Define and explain the following concepts: (05 marks each)
(a) Left realism and right realism
(b) Phrenology and Physiognomy
(c) Corporal punishment and capital punishment
(d) Sociology of Law, Criminal Etiology and Penology (20)
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Write a comprehensive note on the risk and protective factors of juvenile
delinquency in Pakistan. (20)
Q. No. 5. What is recidivism? What kind of institutional modern strategies could be used for
the reintegration of the criminals in Pakistan? (20)
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. Define criminal investigation and its principles. Highlight with examples the
importance of modern techniques used for crime detection in Pakistan. (20)
Q. No. 7. The International Criminal Police Organization- ICPO, INTERPOL was founded in
1914 with the founding principle to coordinate efforts relating to international
police cooperation. How do you see the role of INTERPOL for reducing money
laundering with special reference to Pakistan? (20)
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. Explain the institutional corrections and alternative community corrections
strategies in detail. Support your answer with examples where appropriate. (20)
Q. No. 9. Keeping in view the social learning perspective in criminology, discuss how
terrorists use internet as a tool to reinforce their ideology among youth in Pakistan.

2021:
SECTION-I
Q. No. 2. Critically analyze the biological theories of criminality. (20)
Q. No. 3.
(a) How would you classify criminal behavior? (10 each)
(b) What would be the focus of typology? (20)
SECTION-II
Q. No. 4. Describe various procedures and problems of Criminal Courts in Pakistan. (20)
Q. No. 5. Define Juvenile probation. Explain the organization and administration of Juvenile
probation services. (20)
SECTION-III
Q. No. 6. What are the principles and techniques of interrogation? How far these techniques
have potential to clear an accused? (20)
Q. No. 7. What is the difference between EUROPOL and INTERPOL? How does EUROPOL
assist Member states investigation to control terrorist networks in Europe? (20)
SECTION-IV
Q. No. 8. Several specific law enforcement strategies fall within the framework of
intelligence led policing. Discuss any four strategies. (20)
Q. No. 9.
(a) What is Trade-Based Money Laundering (TBML)? Discuss with examples. (10 each)
(b) Do Cryptocurrencies have a high money laundering risk? Discuss.

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