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abortion
How the latest research could help inform changing laws in a post-Roe world
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ƹƷ
What Science
Says About
Abortion
Since Roe v. Wade was decided,
neonatal doctors and physicians
have changed their views
on when a fetus becomes
viable outside the womb.
by david h. freedman

ƺƷ
America’s Best
Dermatologists
2022
Newsweek and data firm
Statista team up to find the
275 dermatologists in the 20
most populous states across the
country who are most respected
by their professional peers.

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L AW E N FO R C E M E N T

Re-Fund
the Police!
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a surge in violent crime in major cities
across the U.S. has effectively ended the
“defund the police” movement that sprung up after
George Floyd was killed two years ago. A recent
national poll by the University of Massachusetts
Amherst found that just 31 percent of Americans
now support transferring funds from state and local
police departments to community social services, a
seven-point drop from a year ago. Meanwhile, with
crime a hot-button issue in the upcoming midterm
elections, moderate Democrats are more likely to call
for additional money for law enforcement than for
diverting it—among them, President Joe Biden, who
is advocating for a $30 billion increase in law enforce-
ment spending to “fund our police and give
them all the tools they need.”
While the politically disastrous rallying
cry to “defund the police” may be dead,
though, that doesn’t mean all reform
efforts have been abandoned. Far from
it. Over the past two years, legislators and activists
across the country have been testing out a bevy
of new approaches to law enforcement aimed at
enhancing public safety and making policing more
effective, efficient and transparent. The result: Doz-
ens of cities and towns in both red and blue states
have become active laboratories for intriguing exper-
iments that shift some non-emergency 911 calls away
from armed police responses; supplement police
work with ongoing social work and mental health
outreach; and focus efforts on preventing violence
before police intervention is necessary.
“There’s now a broad conviction that creating pub-
lic safety and addressing violence should no longer
be considered purely or even primarily a
police and criminal justice matter,” says
by
criminologist David Kennedy, founder of
the National Network for Safe Communi-
STEVE
FRIESS
ties at John Jay College in New York. “Peo-
ple don’t know how to make that happen,

NE WSWEEK .COM 11
Periscope L AW E N F O R C E M E N T

especially in the near term, but there’s hit the streets. The program had been SEEKING A NEW APPROACH Denver Police
Chief Paul Pazen comforting a protester
been a real shift in the center of grav- in the works for a while but the the
DƱHU)OR\GpVGHDWKULJKWDQGDSURWHVW
ity on that issue.”
The success of these initiatives
varies, or can be hard to discern. But
even in places where clear problems
resulted—like in Burlington, Ver-
mont, where big cuts in police fund-
ing prompted a large number of cops
to quit the force—the desire for new
approaches remains strong.
“To the degree that ‘defund the
police’ meant what it said, that we
should be taking funds away from the
police, I believe it was a wrong turn
in our longstanding efforts to do the
critical work of reforming policing,”
says Burlington Mayor Miro Wein-
berger, who has had to offer bonuses
to retain and attract officers to the
force. “That doesn’t mean we stop try-
ing to do better. Everyone knows police
have to do better.”
Here’s a look at some of the import-
ant law enforcement innovations and
experiments happening across the
country and what they may mean for
the future of policing.
Denver’s Shining STAR
Three days after the Floyd murder, the
first of the Mile High City’s STAR vans
timing of the launch was fortuitous,
Denver Police Chief Paul Pazen tells
Newsweek, because it gave local lead-
ers an answer to rising anger in the
streets over police handling of nonvi-
olent disturbances.
The conceit of STAR (Support Team
Assisted Response) is exactly what
many reform activists proposed as the
centerpiece of the defund-the-police
movement: Non-emergency person-
nel trained in mental health and social
work are sent out as first responders
on low-level trespassing, vagrancy or
public disturbance calls instead of
armed officers. Typically, 911 operators
decide whether to send a STAR van or
armed law enforcement to a scene.
Since its inception, some 3,000 calls
to 911 have been offloaded from the
police, and none resulted in the need
to call a cop to make an arrest. The
STAR team engages the troubled sub-
ject not with threat of arrest but with
the expertise necessary to de-escalate
the situation and the community con-
nections to get the person needed help.
Part of the reason why STAR has
been uncontroversial is that it is paid
for primarily from a dedicated tax
LQ/RXLVYLOOH.HQWXFN\EHORZOHƱ
approved by 70 percent of Denver vot-
ers in 2018, leaving the Denver police
budget untouched. The budget for the
program has grown from just over
$200,000 in 2020 to $3.9 million in
the city’s 2022 budget.
What STAR isn’t, Pazen makes clear,
is a replacement for the police or a way
to reduce crime. “Nothing could be
further from the truth,” he says. STAR
gets “better outcomes for individuals
who are in crisis, but in no way, shape
or form is this crime prevention or
crime reduction. [Even] if I had 1,000
STAR vans, it wouldn’t reduce my
shootings, my homicides, my robber-
ies, my burglaries, my car break-ins.”
Still, STAR is already becoming an
integral part of the city’s public safety
efforts, Denver Mayor Michael Han-
cock says. “Programs like STAR are
force-multipliers,” the mayor noted
at a press conference earlier this year.
“The more we can respond to emergen-
cies with an unarmed social worker,
the more we can free up police officers
to go after the drug dealers, gun sell-
ers. We are going to continue to scale
up these efforts.”
Denver is putting money where
the mayor’s mouth is. In February, the
City Council unanimously approved
an additional $1.4 million for the
52% ( 57  * $8 7 + , ( 5 Ǭ  /2 6 $ 1* (/( 6  7 , 0( 6 Ǭ* ( 7 7 <
STAR program’s continued expansion.
Meanwhile, other cities have followed
Denver’s lead, with similar programs
similar to STAR now operating in San
Francisco, Minneapolis and Albu-
querque, New Mexico.
Social Workers on
the Force in Kentucky
It’s no surprise that big, liberal cities
like Denver and San Francisco are
- 8 1 ( ƹ ƻ  ƹ Ʒ ƹ ƹ

trying out such ideas. Perhaps less
expected: Versions appearing in places
like Alexandria, Kentucky, a conserva-
tive suburb of Cincinnati with just
10,000 residents.
“In general, the idea that we don’t
need armed police to respond to men-
tal health crises is becoming uncon-
troversial across the country, even in
places that are not hotbeds of liber-
alism,” says Alex Vitale, author of The
End of Policing and a sociology profes-
sor at Brooklyn College in New York.
In 2016, the Alexandria Police
Department became the first in the
Bluegrass State to hire a staff social
worker. Mike Ward, then the police
chief, tells Newsweek he was at a
training session about “community
policing” that taught officers how
to minister to a range of social prob-
lems only tangentially related to pub-
lic safety. “I kept asking myself why
we were doing that. I’m not a social
worker. I’m a cop. I have been trained
“There’s now a broad
to react and protect,” he says. “Commu-
0 , &+ $( /  &, $* /2Ǭ* ( 7 7 <
nity policing in many ways has failed
in that we have, for years, tried to make
social workers out of police officers.
It doesn’t work.”
Within months, he persuaded the
Alexandria City Council to hire an
actual social worker to follow up with
people that the police encounter who
need services and help more than
they need a night in the county jail.
Clad in a polo shirt and showing up
in a nondescript Ford sedan, they are
unarmed “second responders”—they
have a panic button to push for backup
if the situation gets hairy—whose
intervention is more welcome by sub-
jects than a call from a weapon-toting
member of the police.
The result: A significant drop in
repeat 911 calls and about 15 percent
fewer people going to jail, Ward says.
Now there are two staff social workers,
whom Ward calls “the busiest people
in the department.”
conviction that
creating public safety
should no longer be
considered purely
a police matter.”
Ward says it wasn’t easy at first to get
buy-in from rank-and-file cops. One of
the most vocal early opponents was
Lucas Cooper, who succeeded Ward
as chief and has turned into a full-
throated supporter spreading the
word about the program’s success to
other departments. Since then, both
the Kentucky State Police and Jeffer-
sontown, a Louisville suburb, have
hired social workers, too.
“The first time I realized that the pro-
gram was going to be successful was
when I witnessed the oldest, crustiest
police officer I had get a call one day,
and as he started toward the door to
his cruiser, he stopped, poked his head
into the social worker’s office and said,
‘Can you come with me, I think I’m
going to need you on this call,’” Ward
says. “The officers were seeing first-
hand the value of the social worker as
a member of the police department.”
Five Days Without
Cops in Brooklyn
Six months after the Floyd murder, the
New York Police Department’s 73rd
Precinct agreed to a radical idea: They
withdrew all police for 10 hours a day
on five chilly December days from a
two-block area in Brooklyn with one
of the city’s most dense public hous-
ing projects and a reputation as a
hotbed of violence.
In place of beat cops, who remained
on alert nearby, teams of social work-
ers and trained crisis mitigation
volunteers—many ex-convicts and
recovered addicts from the area—kept
watch and chatted up the residents
while community groups set up tents
providing information and consulta-
tions about education, job and hous-
ing opportunities, available mental
health services and more.
The results were impressive: zero
911 calls with the singular exception of
a bus driver who accidentally hit the
1( :6:((. &20 13
sanet.st
Periscope
wrong button and triggered an emer-
gency call. The NYPD’s 73rd Precinct,
led by a deputy inspector who grew up
in the area and supported the experi-
ment, declared the effort a “huge suc-
cess” in a tweet, suggesting this would
“set a tone for the future as we embrace
reform and reimagin[e] public safety.”
Since that first experiment, there
have been four similar five-day pro-
grams in other sections of the 73rd
Precinct. The results have been sim-
ilar—no notable violence. But plans
for expansion to 10 other precincts
in Brooklyn and the Bronx never
happened, largely because of a shift
in appetite for reform that accom-
panied a subsequent sharp uptick in
violent crime in the Big Apple. Then
last November, New York City elected
a new mayor, Eric Adams, a former
Brooklyn cop strongly opposed to
anything even vaguely suggestive of
replacing police.
Still, experts who study the “vio-
lence interruption” model see the
Brownsville approach, if not as a per-
manent solution, then at least useful
in a different way. “It’s an example
of something that you could do in a
moment of crisis rather than saying,
‘Oh, my God, there’s an uptick in shoot-
ings, we should put a cop on every
street corner’ like that’s the only possi-
ble emergency strategy,” says Vitale, the
Brooklyn College sociologist. “But you
can’t do this every day, 365 days a year.”
Vitale points to other violence-inter-
rupter models such as Cure Violence,
a Chicago-based program that trains
people who live in areas of high crime
to intervene before verbal disagree-
ments turn physical. Cure Violence
trainees, who are already at work in
New York City, began operating in
four areas of St. Louis in late 2020 with
impressive results: Homicides fell 26
percent across the city in a year when
violent crime surged across the U.S.
14 NE WSWEEK .COM
L AW E N F O R C E M E N T
relief money to provide $10,000 reten-
“The idea that we tion bonuses for police and a $15,000
don’t need armed sign-on bonus for new recruits who
police to respond stay on the job for 22 months. But
even that didn’t stem the tide. By
to mental health December 2021, just 64 active-duty
crises is becoming cops remained, leaving swaths of the
uncontroversial town unpatrolled and increasing 911
response times. “The exit interviews
across the country.” have been pretty clear that it was about
a lack of support in a political sense,”
Acting Police Chief Jon Murad told
NBC News in December.
Burlington Defunds, Councilor Jack Hanson, who co-au-
Then Retreats thored the defund ordinance, admits
No place in America took the “Defund the department shrank “quicker than
the Police” slogan as literally as Bur- we expected” before the alternative
lington, Vermont, a town of about plans could be implemented. Whether
42,000 residents best known politi- that’s led to a spike in crime is up for
cally for its one-time mayor, U.S. Sen- debate. Mayor Weinberger tells News-
ator Bernie Sanders. Within weeks of week the cuts have resulted in a rise in
the Floyd murder in 2020, the City burglaries and vehicle thefts. The num-
Council, over the objections of Mayor ber of gunfire incidents hit a record 14
Weinberger and the police chief, for the year in 2021, which sounds low
passed an ordinance to slash the police but for the fact that the average in Bur-
force from a cap of 105 down to, at lington each year is two.
most, 74 sworn officers by a combina-
tion of attrition and removing armed
cops from public schools.
The savings has been funneled into
hiring of a fleet of “community service
officers” and “community support
liaisons,” positions that function simi-
larly to the social workers responding
to calls in Denver and Alexandria. It
is also funding social programs to
help minority-owned businesses, pro-
vide more citizen oversight of police
misconduct investigations and even
paying for a study to examine the pros-
pects of paying reparations for slavery.
Yet rather than reduce the depart-
ment slowly over time, the measure
had an unintended and unwelcome
effect: It prompted Burlington police
to resign in droves. And the force has
been scrambling ever since.
In September of 2020, the coun-
cil voted unanimously to use COVID
 “I don’t want to overstate it, it’s not reform movement writ large—espe-
that I think we’ve become some dys- cially since the city was, before this,
topian city,” the mayor says. “But we a leader in trying new approaches to
are a place where I’m much more fre- law enforcement. Its police force was
quently hearing people feeling unsafe among the first in New England to
in the downtown area.” wear body cameras, for instance, and
Perception may not be reality, created a domestic violence preven-
though. An ACLU analysis—which tion position focused on deterrence
Weinberger rejects as inaccurate— and a community affairs team that,
showed an 18 percent drop in “police working with foot patrols, worked
incidents” in the first eight months of to address crime without increasing
2021 versus 2020. Violent crime did arrests and incarceration.
rise in that span by about 5.5 percent, “For years before George Floyd’s
but in raw numbers that amounted to murder, we’ve known that good polic-
just 20 additional incidents. ing is labor intensive and requires
Still, Burlington is now emblem- more resources, not less,” Weinberger
atic, at very least, of a need to take says. “One of the sad ironies of the
more care in implementing new ideas. defund-the-police period is, in many
Weinberger, who views himself as a ways this movement has set back those
progressive, is frustrated that his city’s efforts. Our pace of adopting reforms
experience is now Exhibit A for con- has dramatically slowed. We are much
servatives looking to mock the police less able to pursue that vision of polic-
ing, as a weakened department today,
NOT ON MY WATCH New York City Mayor
than we were in May of 2020.”
Eric Adams, a former cop, is opposed to Hanson, however, insists the jury is
UHIRUPHƪRUWVDLPHGDWUHSODFLQJSROLFH still out. The council has not increased
the sworn officer count cap, and the
other plans are coming together.
“We’re still figuring this out,” he says.
“We’re advancing on racial justice and
also, I think, transitioning to a better
system of public safety.”
Big and Little
Ideas, Everywhere
In Maryland, the legislature autho-
rized investigations into police mis-
conduct not by a department’s internal
affairs but by a unit of the state attor-
ney general. Colorado recently ended
“qualified immunity” for police officers,
which in most places shields members
of the force from personal liability for
on-the-job misconduct. Oakland, Los
6 3( 1 &( 5  3/ $7 7Ǭ* ( 7 7 <
Angeles, Milwaukee, Minneapolis and
Portland, Maine, have all ended pro-
grams that stationed armed police in
schools. Pennsylvania, with the sup-
port of the state’s police union, now
has a “bad cop” registry, a database of
officers who have been disciplined or
fired elsewhere in the state, that law
enforcement must consult before hir-
ing anyone. Several cities, from Dallas
to Ann Arbor, Michigan, are adding
social workers to assist sworn police
on a variety of calls.
“What is happening all over the
place is new investments in exactly
the kinds of programs” that reformers
have been advocating for since Floyd’s
death, Vitale says.
Other observers are less confi-
dent about the prospects for contin-
ued reform, given the recent rise in
crime nationwide and resulting shift
in political winds when it comes
to public safety. Adding to the chal-
lenge for reform advocates is the
difficulty of quantifying the results,
because the causes of crime trends
are complicated and influenced
by many factors, including, most
recently, the pandemic.
“My main concern is that [politi-
cians] don’t care about the details,
they just want to have a good sound
bite,” says Jeffrey Butts, director of
the Research and Evaluation Center
at John Jay College of Criminal Jus-
tice in New York City. “They’ll say
things about these programs which
are very supportive, but if we don’t
back it up with solid evidence, [they]
will turn on it and decide it’s not
worth it. You can’t survive with rhet-
oric and advocacy.”
At the very least, experts say, reform
advocates need better rhetoric, start-
ing with the slogan. Given the direc-
tion the movement is headed—adding
resources that help law enforcement
defuse situations that could turn vio-
lent—perhaps “re-fund the police”
would better serve the goal.
▸ Steve Friess is a newsweek con-
tributor based in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
NE WSWEEK .COM 15
Periscope

this fall, newsweek, in col-

laboration with my company,
the Best Practice Institute (BPI), will
unveil the second annual Most Loved
Workplaces list. The concept is sim-
ple: we feature the top 100 compa-
nies where employees feel cared for
and respected—and have numerous
opportunities for advancement.
But before the new list appears,
we’ll turn the spotlight on a few
of the companies in the inaugural
rankings. We started off with Pamela
Maynard, CEO of Seattle consulting
firm, Avanade, which was number 31
on last year’s list.
Now we turn our attention to Chris
Chen, CEO of Miami-based ChenMed,
founded by his father, James. The
company, number 36 on the 2021
rankings, operates a 3,500-employee
chain of some 100 medical clinics that
cater to Medicare recipients, many of
whom are low income.
ChenMed is interesting in many
ways. For one thing, they are focused
on what Chen calls, unabashedly,
“love” for his employees. But Chen also
puts a little twist on this. He finds that
showing similar care for its custom-
ers can produce tangible results.
“You know, people think love is
kooky,” Chen says. “It’s not, it’s highly
practical.” Partly as a result of such pol-
icies, ChenMed has, he said, managed
to reduce ER visits by 30 percent and
hospitalization rates by nearly 50 per-
cent. “These are,” he says, “really prac-
tical outputs of creating…a culture of
M O S T LOV E D WO R K P L AC E S
love” for both employees and patients.

Love and Medicine Here are a few ways Chris, and his
company, pull that off.

How ChenMed keeps its employees Take Good Care

and clients happy and healthy of Your Employees
“What we tell people is, it’s important
- 8 6 8 1 Ǭ* ( 7 7 <

to love our patients, but first learn

to love each other, bond together,
b y LOUIS CARTER build relationships with each other,”

16 1( :6:((. &20 - 8 1 ( ƹ ƻ  ƹ Ʒ ƹ ƹ
 “You know, people
think love is
kooky. It’s not, it’s
highly practical.”
Chen explained to me. “We must
take care of each other first because
only people who are loved can
love other people.”
For example: ChenMed started the
ChenMed Cares Foundation, which
donated over $200,000 in 2021 to
more than 150 team members in cri-
sis as a result of the pandemic. The
company also launched ChenMed
Cares Christmas Wish. Staff mem-
bers could nominate fellow col-
leagues in need, and as a result, they
distributed over $130,000 to dozens
of team members who were strug-
gling during the holiday season.
During Hurricane Ida last year,
ChenMed stepped in to help its
employees. “The home office,” said
Chen, “got in trucks and started
bringing generators and drove them
from South Florida all the way to
New Orleans. We were even able to
distribute and serve 750 hot meals
and provide essentials…to our people.”
Career Building
ChenMed also helps employees in
other, more career-oriented ways.
ChenMedU, for instance, is designed
to provide workers with the contin-
ued learning and professional devel-
opment they need to be successful
in their roles at the company—and
transform their careers.
Programs include a nine-month
physician training course and a six-
month leadership training program
CHENMED
focused on love, accountability and
passion available to all ChenMed
employees. ChenMedU is designed to
help leaders and their teams master
the ChenMed model of care, choose
a path and build their careers.
Employee shout-outs are import-
ant as well: an online recognition
platform empowers peers and lead-
ers to recognize team members
for living out the company’s values.
Employees earn points through these
recognitions that can lead to prizes
as well as virtual badges and certifi-
cates of appreciation.
Love the People You Serve
Chen said that forming bonds with
patients also helps when it comes to
successfully treating them. He told
me a story of a severely overweight
patient whose bad eating habits—
fried chicken for dinner every night,
in this case—led to heart failure.
Chen knew he couldn’t walk into the
exam room and simply say, stop. So,
he decided to get to know her better.
He asked about his patient’s life, and
they shared photos of their children.
They soon bonded and the patient
left behind her daily fried chicken
habit, lost 150 pounds and almost
entirely eradicated her heart disease.
LOVING THE RESULTS CEO Chen says ChenMed has
reduced hospitalization rates by nearly 50 percent.
“She trusted me,” Chen says.
He adds: “We have to teach our
doctors how to practice preventative
care and build relationships with
patients to prevent bad things from
happening.” Chen explains. This
leads to success in reducing ER visits,
developing solid long-term and short-
term care programs for patients—all
without physician burnout, too.
Does it really work? According
to internal surveys, more than 90
percent of ChenMed patients say
they genuinely feel cared for by their
doctors and staff.
Love Works
Now, this isn’t all to say that ChenMed
employees weren’t skeptical about
this love thing.
When Chen’s executive team first
reviewed the idea of making love
their top core value, they cautiously
approached him. “Hey, Chris, we love
the value systems,” they said. “And we
love what we’re trying to do here. We
love the mission, how we’re trying to
transform care and do it in the needi-
est populations. But this value of love,
it just sounds so kooky. And it’s really
not corporate. And we’re growing so
fast and we’re going to be a big corpo-
ration really soon. Can we consider
something besides love?”
Chen thanked them for speaking
up, but held his ground. “Folks go to
work for eight-plus hours a day. And
they aren’t receiving or expected
to give love. But why do we exist?
When you decide to bring love into
the workplace…everything falls in
place. Everything.”
▸ Louis Carter is founder and CEO
of the Best Practice Institute, Most
Loved Workplaces and author of more
than 10 leadership/management
books including in great company
(McGraw Hill, 2019).
NE WSWEEK .COM 17
 N E WS M A K E R S

Talking Points

“I JUST WANT A
“Hell to COOL CHILD WITH
COOL PARENTS.”
the No!” —A$AP Rocky on parenthood
with Rihanna
—David Porter of Sam and Dave
on Donald Trump’s use of the
“People
duo’s “Hold On, I’m Coming”
will say,
‘Oh, she just
transitioned
“I have felt the pressure of
so she would
representation throughout have an A$AP ROCKY

my career. I’m glad advantage, so

that I decided to be me.” she could win.’
Ƕ48((1/ $7,)$+
I transitioned “I KNOW THIS
SOUNDS IDIOTIC,
to be happy.” BUT I’M

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—FORM ER UNIVERSITY FROM NEW JERSEY.”
OF PENNSYLVANIA SWI MM ER
—Convicted Jan. 6 rioter Timothy
LIA THOMAS
Hale-Cusanelli on his actions

QUEEN LATIFAH

“In the middle of “WE ARE CAPPING

THE NUMBER OF
Europe, we have cities
bombed, we have people
that are our neighbors
killed in the streets,
HANDGUNS IN THIS
massacred, and raped.” COUNTRY.”
—nato secretary- general —Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau
jens stoltenberg

LIA THOMAS

18 NE WSWEEK .COM - 8 1 ( ƹ ƻ  ƹ Ʒ ƹ ƹ

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20 NE WSWEEK .COM - 8 1 ( ƹ ƻ  ƹ Ʒ ƹ ƹ
 VIABILITY CLAUSE
For decades, each Americans’
right to an abortion has depended
on how early in pregnancy doctors
can save premature babies.
Shown, demonstrators outside
the Supreme Court building
in Washington, D.C. in May.

NE WSWEEK .COM 21
 SCIENCE

he essence of the supreme Now, with a leaked draft opinion suggesting

Court’s 1973 Roe v. Wade deci- the Supreme Court is preparing to overturn Roe, it
sion, which established a wom- seems likely that states will be free to throw via-
an’s right to an abortion, was to bility-based abortion rights out the window. Some
balance a pregnant woman’s constitutional right to red states have already begun. In 2018, Mississippi
privacy with the hypothetical rights of a fetus that HISTORY ON outlawed abortions after 15 weeks of pregnancy. In
at some point might be considered a person, even THE MARCH September the Texas “fetal heartrate bill” essentially
while inside the womb. The Court’s compromise Below: The March banned abortions after the sixth week. On May 19,
for Women’s Lives
was to confer those hypothetical rights on a fetus Oklahoma banned all abortions from fertilization
in Washington
when it reaches the 28th week of pregnancy. D.C. in 1992. Right:
on, following a similar Alabama ban in 2019.
That threshold wasn’t arbitrary; it was based on Supreme Court judges The Mississippi and Alabama laws never took
the state of medical science at the time. In 1973, in 1967. Far right: effect because courts ruled they violated Roe, as
doctors and midwives were sometimes delivering Norma McCorvey, the Texas and Oklahoma bills clearly do as well. In
aka Jane Roe from
babies prematurely at 28 weeks—but no earlier. December, the Supreme Court heard arguments on
the 1973 Supreme
Clinical experience established when a fetus could Court decision, and
Mississippi’s challenge to those rulings, which is
be considered just developed enough to live outside her lawyer, Gloria what the leaked document addresses. If the court
the womb. Allred, in 1989. lets the Mississippi law stand, then Roe will fall.
In the half-century since, the science of fetal
development and early birth has advanced consid-
erably. Neonatal physicians and researchers have
modified their thinking on when a fetus is and isn’t
viable outside the womb, on how it makes the tran-
sition from a bundle of cells to a thinking, feeling
being, on the relationship between a fetus and the
health of the mother and on the many factors that
determine whether a particular premature birth
will be successful.
Throughout history, societies have struggled to
define human life and to balance the competing
interests of mother and child. Aristotle’s notion
of “quickening,” when a pregnant woman can first
feel movement in her womb, served to differentiate
embryo and fetus in early Western laws. The Old
Testament refers to “formation,” the point at which
a fetus takes on human shape. When safe methods
of imaging the womb, such as ultrasound, revealed
in the 1950s that movement begins earlier than
previously thought, the idea of viability outside
the womb emerged as an important legal milestone.
For nearly five decades, abortion law has contin-
ued to revolve around fetal viability. In 1992, the
Supreme Court’s Planned Parenthood v. Casey rul-
ing updated Roe to codify that notion, explicitly set-
ting fetal viability as the time up to which abortion
rights are constitutionally protected. As a result, the
scope of each Americans’ right to abortion has de-
pended on how early in pregnancy medical science
can save very premature babies—generally held in
recent years to be 22 to 24 weeks of pregnancy.

22 NE WSWEEK .COM - 8 1 ( ƹ ƻ  ƹ Ʒ ƹ ƹ
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“when you look at hospitals that actively treat babies

delivered at 22 weeks, the survival rate in the u.s. goes to
a third. in sweden and japan more than half survive.”

That doesn’t mean fetal viability will no longer
matter to abortion access. Of course, it may not
matter to the 26 states that the Guttmacher Insti-
tute labels as “certain” or “likely” to ban most abor-
tions, including Michigan, Ohio and Utah. And it
long hasn’t mattered to the six states, including
New Mexico, Vermont and New Jersey, that, along
with Washington, D.C., don’t limit how far along in
pregnancy an abortion can be performed.
For the remaining 18 states, including Califor-
nia, New York, Colorado, Illinois and Virginia, state
abortion law is likely to continue to protect abor-
tion rights up to viability. Nearly half of Americans
live in one of these states. That means abortion ac-
cess for the majority of women in the U.S.—both
those who live in these states as well as the many
tens of thousands of women who end up traveling
to one of them to obtain safe, legal abortions—will
remain critically dependent on where medical sci-
ence stands in keeping the tiniest babies alive.
As statehouses debate their stance on abortion in
a post-Roe world, as seems sure to happen in coming
months, many will claim science is on their side—
whatever side that is—along with various other
legal, moral, religious and philosophical consider-
ations. Science, by itself, won’t answer all the moral
and political questions on abortion, nor will it heal
America’s divisive politics. It sheds light on some
important questions and compounds uncertainty
on others. Although we know more now about the
viability of the fetus outside the womb than we did
50 years ago, clarity on this issue remains a murky,
controversial and in many ways frustrating quest.
Science has been able to pinpoint when a develop-
ing zygote begins to show signs of what we think
of as humanness—the beginnings of cognition, re-
sponsiveness to mother’s voice and so forth.
A closer look at what we know now about abor-
tion may bring some nuance to the conversation
and sharpen the debate.

NE WSWEEK .COM 23
The Viability Question
the question of whether a particular fetus
in the womb at a particular point in a pregnancy
would survive if delivered is hypothetical. But sci-
ence can tell us the earliest point in a pregnancy at
which babies have, in fact, survived and gone home
from the hospital. There’s a clear, precise answer: 21
weeks and one day, or just over halfway through a
full-term pregnancy of 40 weeks. (Pregnancies are
usually dated from the last day of the woman’s peri-
od, roughly two weeks before conception, because
that date is easier to pin down than conception.
Only one baby in the world has actually survived
birth that early on. That baby was delivered at less
than 15 ounces in Alabama in July 2020. So far, at least,
that successful ultra-early delivery has been consid-
ered the exception that proves the generally accepted
rule, which is that 22 weeks is the threshold at which
babies have a more than trivial chance of surviving. In
the U.S., 17 percent of babies delivered at 22 weeks sur-
vive, says Edward Bell, a professor of pediatrics and a
neonatal specialist at the University of Iowa.
That survival rate comes with a big caveat. It’s
the average for all U.S. hospitals, including those
that don’t even try hard to save babies born ex-
tremely prematurely. About four out of five hos-
pitals don’t, according to Bell’s research. That’s
either because administrators and clinicians balk
at throwing so much effort, and investing so much
of the family’s hope and emotions, in a battle that
will very probably be painfully lost, or because the

“it’s a tough road for families” with premature births.

“most likely the babies will require interventions through childhood.”

hospitals simply don’t have the state-of-the-art re-
sources needed to give the baby a good shot.
“When you look at hospitals that actively treat
babies delivered at 22 weeks, the survival rate in
the U.S. goes to a third,” says Bell. “In Sweden and
Japan more than half survive.”
The resources required to give a 22-week pree-
mie a fighting chance are considerable. In 1973, at
the time of the Roe decision, the viability threshold
was held to be a clear 28 weeks, with almost no
babies born earlier than that surviving. But two big
breakthroughs in the 1990s would help push the
threshold down to 24 weeks. One was providing
steroids to pregnant mothers who are at high risk
of going into premature labor, a treatment that
speeds the development of most of the fetus’s or-
gans, and especially the lungs, so that the organs
are in better shape at birth. The other was giving
very premature babies lung “surfactant,” a fluid
that helps open up the underdeveloped tiny tubes

24 NE WSWEEK .COM

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that line the surface of the lungs, long one of the
main reasons these babies didn’t survive.
Survival rates for 24-week preemies have contin-
ued to climb over the past two decades, now reach-
ing 90 percent at some U.S. hospitals, and as many
as half of babies delivered at 23 weeks are surviving
there. That leaves 22 weeks as the real front lines of
premature delivery.
The progress isn’t due to further big break-
throughs, but rather to many small improvements.
The improvements were inspired by the discovery
in the 1990s that hospitals could dramatically re-
duce surgical infections not by finding a new mira-
cle drug, but by following a long checklist of details,
such as keeping patients’ heads further from the
operating room door, where contamination risks
are higher, and providing antibiotics before sur-
gery. In the same way, hospitals with specialized
neonatal intensive-care units (NICUs) today focus
on details such as ventilators to help with breath-
ing, close monitoring of the air temperature, pre-
cise management of fluids, medications to reduce
blood clots, nipping infections in the bud and mon-
itoring brain function.
“Now 24-week-and-above babies can do pretty
well,” says Dr. Michael Nelson, an obstetrician at
Washington University School of Medicine in St.
SCIENCE
Louis who has just retired. “It’s really in the past
two years that 22 weeks has come to be seen as the
threshold of viability.”
The Limits of Viability
these efforts require maintaining teams of
experts, and the cost of caring for a single very-pre-
mature baby typically runs to more than $100,000,
with a typical NICU handling 20 or more babies at
once. Such advanced NICUs are beyond the reach of
most hospitals. The huge variation in survival rates
of extreme preemies among hospitals reflects the
differences in that investment. The University of Ala-
bama at Birmingham operates a NICU with a staff of
350, while many other hospitals have no NICU at all.
Even when receiving the most advanced treat-
ment possible, the vulnerability of a 22-week pree-
mie is acute. The skin is thinner than paper, the
CHOOSING SIDES
lungs may be three or more months away from be-
As abortion is debated
in a post-Roe world,
ing able to take in air on their own and the brain,
many will claim science which is still forming basic structures, bleeds easily.
LVRQWKHLUVLGH/HƱ To develop properly, a preemie needs to bond to the
Protesters gather in mother through touch, smell and hearing—but en-
New York City in May,
veloped in tubes inside a small pod with tightly con-
%HORZ6HQDWRU&KXFN
6FKXPHUDGGUHVVHV
trolled temperature and air, that’s often impossible.
a pro-choice rally in “We can’t jeopardize the infant’s health or stability to
Washington, D.C. in 2019. allow for that bonding,” says Dr. Katherine Kosiv, a
pediatric cardiologist at Yale Medical School.
The fact that exactly one preemie ever has been
saved at 21 weeks doesn’t lead many experts to pre-
dict that similar feats will become commonplace.
It’s hard to find any experts who think viability
will be pushed down to 20 weeks in the foresee-
able future, given the severe immaturity of virtu-
ally every organ and piece of tissue in a fetus that
young. “There’s definitely a kind of biological barri-
er below about 22 weeks, and it seems to be insur-
mountable by current technology,” says Dr. John
Wyatt, a neonatal physician and professor of ethics
and perinatology at University College, London.
And that’s just speaking of survival, without tak-
ing into account the extensive disabilities and the
potentially lifelong medical and family support the
most premature babies often need. These can be
significant even for 30-week preemies and are often
overwhelming for those born after 24 weeks or less.
About nine out of 10 extreme preemies will run
into serious complications, including blindness
and deafness, lung and bowel problems and var-
NE WSWEEK .COM 25
 ious types of motor impairment and brain dam-
age. Some of these problems can be overcome with
treatment and therapy, but others require exten-
sive care for years or decades. Sixteen months after
his birth, the 20-week preemie who survived still
couldn’t breathe without supplemental oxygen.
Since more than a tenth of all very premature ba-
bies are born with some type of heart defect, many
of them will carry the problem into adulthood. An
entire medical specialty—adult congenital cardiol-
ogy—has arisen to care for them.
The toll that extreme prematurity takes on the
early-developing brain tends to pose the most risk
and present the greatest ongoing challenge to fami-
lies. “It’s a tough road for those families,” says Kosiv.
“Most likely the babies will require interventions
through childhood.”
It’s no wonder. At 22 weeks, the brain has just
barely formed the cortex—the part that confers
higher thought—and the brain cells are only be-
ginning to form the first of the 100 trillion connec-
26 NE WSWEEK .COM
tions they would normally make while still safe and
comfortable in a quiet, dark womb. “We now have
imaging techniques that show that the brain wiring
process is very different for extremely premature
babies,” says Wyatt.
The concerns over the likely damage done to ex-
treme preemies by having to continue development
outside the womb have led some researchers to try to
develop artificial wombs and placentas—the organ
that provides oxygen and nutrients to the fetus in
the womb. The idea is that the fetus would be trans-
ferred straight from the mother’s womb into a small,
RECORD HOLDER
fluid-filled tank or bag, where the fetus’s umbilical
The earliest successful
birth came at 21 weeks
cord would be hooked up to oxygen and nutrients.
and one day. Above: Teams at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia
Senators John Thune and at the Women & Infants Research Foundation
(speaking), Bill Cassidy, in Western Australia have separately developed ar-
Todd Young, Joni Ernst
tificial wombs that have kept fetal lambs alive for
and Mike Lee. Top
right: Protesters in
weeks. But most experts are skeptical that artificial
Austin, Texas. Bottom wombs are feasible for humans, even if some aren’t
right: Dr. Edward Bell. ready to completely rule them out down the road.
- 8 1 ( ƹ ƻ  ƹ Ʒ ƹ ƹ
 SCIENCE

“These are science-fiction-y advances,” says Kosiv.
“But some of the things we can do now seemed out-
side the realm of possibility ten years ago.”
Other Challenges for Science
while the spotlight has remained on viability
and outcomes, science is striving to answer other
important questions about the fetus and pregnancy.
Perhaps the toughest question of all is, when can a
fetus think and feel? In theory, a 22-week-old fetus
shouldn’t have a lot going on in terms of awareness.
Up until that stage of development, the brain hasn’t
formed the cortex—the outer part of the brain that
confers higher thought. In fact, up until that point,
the so-called “gray matter” of the
brain that does most of the thinking,
feeling and sensing in the cortex and
other parts of the brain simply doesn’t “what
exist. The neurons that compose gray
matter are still being produced deep
inside the early-fetal brain in a small
& /2& . :, 6 ( )520 72 3 /( ) 7 $/( ;  :2 1* Ǭ* ( 7 7 < - 2 5'$ 192 1' (5 + $ $ 5 Ǭ* ( 7 7 < 6 86$1 0 && /( // $ 1Ǭ 8 1, 9( 5 6 , 7 <2 )  ,2:$
And yet, he adds, there is anecdotal evidence to
suggest something akin to thought and feeling may
be going on even at 22 weeks. “There are well-docu-
mented cases where the fetus responds to painful
stimuli, even though there’s really no cortex,” he
says. “It’s possible that there are deep structures
in the fetal brain that may in some sense play the
role of awareness up until the cortex is formed.”
But this notion is purely speculation, he says. Sci-
entists may be reluctant to conduct research into
this question for fear that tentative findings will be
distorted in legal and political wrangling.
Neonatal experts are also trying to make high-
risk pregnancies safer. These include cases in which
happens when a pregnant black woman
says her chest hurts, she’s short of breath,
she’s not feeling the baby move?”

cluster of cells called the germinal

matrix, one for each of the brain’s two
hemispheres.
During early development, newly minted neurons
have been migrating outward from the germinal ma-
trix to take their place on the outer regions of the
brain. At 22 weeks, they’ve begun the process of con-
necting up so they can signal each other, the essential
mechanism of thought. Between 22 and 40 weeks the
fetus will form some 100 trillion such connections.
While a 26-week-old fetus still has a long way to go
in terms of this connection-forming process, Wyatt
notes, it has gone far enough in preemies born at
that age to enable them to respond to their moth-
er’s voice—especially when the voice is electronically
altered to sound muffled the way it would be in the
womb. In some cases, these preemies can also re-
spond to music and the taste of their mother’s milk.
Has enough wiring taken place in a 22-week-old to
confer what we think of as thought, emotions, aware-
ness and the ability to feel pain? The immaturity of
the neuronal connections at 22 weeks would suggest
not, says Wyatt. He notes that in recent years scien-
tists have been able to safely image fetal brains in the
uterus with a special MRI technique called tractog-
raphy, which shows these first connections in detail.
They are nothing like the rich, complex networks of
connections that will be forming in the coming weeks.
the mother has heart disease, high blood pressure
or diabetes, which often threaten the life of the
mother and unborn child. Exacerbating those risks
and making them more common is the increasing
average age at which women are becoming preg-

)52 0 723   %2 672 1 0 (' ,& $/  & (1 7(5  -26 (/8 , 6  3(/ $( = Ǭ* ( 7 7 <
nant, which hit 30 this year in the U.S., up from
21 at the time of the Roe decision. Thirty may not
sound old, but by age 35 a pregnancy is formally
termed “geriatric” by doctors. “Thirty-five is just
an arbitrary line,” notes Washington Universi-
ty’s Nelson. “Risks start going up by the late 20s.”
Medicine’s success has, ironically, further added to
the risks of many pregnancies. Clinicians have gotten
good at saving the lives of children with severe disor-
ders that in the past wouldn’t have been survivable.
Heart defects, childhood cancers, autoimmune dis-
eases such as lupus and diabetes—children with even
the toughest cases of these and other illnesses have
in the past few decades been saved by breakthrough
medical care and are now reaching childbearing age.
Many of them have carried vulnerabilities into adult-
hood that leave them at severe risk during pregnancy.
“The burden on the heart goes up as much as 50
percent in pregnancy,” says Nelson. “A woman with

“some of the things we can do now seemed

outside the realm of possibility ten years ago.”

heart disease may be OK outside of pregnancy, but Preemie Inequities

pregnancy may be too much for the heart.”
That combination of age and more survivors with
lifelong disorders has contributed to a climbing ma-
ternal mortality rate. According to the Centers for
Disease Control and Prevention, that rate rose in
the U.S. by 36 percent between 2018 and 2020. This
reality leaves doctors in a difficult position when it
comes to patients who are less than 22 weeks preg-
nant but face mortal dangers from their pregnancy,
including hemorrhaging, heart attacks and stroke.
High blood pressure alone can be catastrophic. “It
can pose risk to every single organ,” says Nelson.
But because delivering a baby before 22 weeks will
almost certainly result in an unsuccessful birth,
the situation becomes stark for a woman at high
risk: Continuing the pregnancy to give the fetus a
chance to reach viability may well lead to her death.
research suggests there may be another, very
different way to significantly affect neonatal out-
comes, at least in the U.S: by addressing racial in-
equities in health care, and in health-related social
conditions. Doing so would lead to fewer prema-
ture births, higher preemie survival rates and lower
maternal mortality. .
One 2020 study, published in the journal Pro-
ceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, dra-
matically highlights the problem and suggests ways
of addressing it. Researchers at Harvard and the
University of Minnesota-Twin Cities found that
Black newborns die at the hospital at three times
the rate at which white newborns die—but that the
high Black newborn mortality rate is cut in half for
Black newborns who are treated by Black doctors.
The implications for premature births, which

28 NE WSWEEK .COM - 8 1 ( ƹ ƻ  ƹ Ʒ ƹ ƹ

account for most newborn mortality, is enormous.
While the study didn’t identify what factors might
be behind the startling differences in mortality,
most experts believe there’s a big opportunity to
improve outcomes for premature babies by reduc-
ing racial and cultural biases. “We know that race
is baked into everything from diagnostics to the
decision of whether or not to perform a Cesarean
delivery,” says Dr. Tejumola Adegoke, director of
equity & inclusion and an OB/GYN physician at
Boston Medical Center. “That has made race a big
factor in outcomes.”
One example: Doctors know that extremely pre-
mature babies do much better when the mother is
given steroids ahead of the birth. But this knowl-
edge is helpful only if doctors recognize that an ex-
pectant woman is at high risk of a very premature
birth. That means they have to pay close attention
to the woman’s complaints. Yet numerous studies
have shown that doctors are less likely to act on
SCIENCE
the complaints of Black patients. “We know that
Black patients get less pain medication than white
patients even when they rate their pain at the same
level,” says Dr. Adegoke. “If that happens with some-
thing as simple as pain, what happens when a preg-
nant Black woman says her chest hurts, she’s short
of breath, she’s not feeling the baby move?”
After Serena Williams gave birth in 2017, Wil-
liams had to argue with multiple doctors before
they took her self-reported symptoms serious-
ly enough to discover she was suffering from
FALSE STARTS
life-threatening blood clots, says Dr. Adegoke. The
One way to improve
neonatal outcomes
challenges are only likely to be greater for Black
would be to address women who aren’t celebrity athletes.
racial inequities A more obvious problem is that Black expect-
in health care and ant women are more likely than white women to
social conditions.
end up at an under-resourced “safety-net” hospital,
/HƱ'U7HMXPROD
$GHJRNH%HORZ$
where premature survival rates are generally much
doctor and baby in the lower—in part because such hospitals are likely to
intensive care unit. be in that majority of hospitals that don’t even try
to save extremely premature babies. In addition,
Black expectant women are less likely to receive
good nutrition and other health advice, and even
if they receive it, they’re more likely to live in a com-
munity where accessing the recommended nutri-
tion and other prenatal care is more difficult. These
factors can contribute to poor delivery outcomes,
especially with premature birth. “Are women in an
environment that’s safe, that’s free of lead, where
she can exercise and get the nutrition she needs?”
says Dr. Adegoke. “These are questions about how
we structure our communities.”
Whether medicine and society will succeed in
addressing these sorts of inequities, or even in tak-
ing them seriously, remains to be seen. Given the
seemingly insurmountable biological difficulties
of pushing the fetal viability threshold below 21
weeks, and the fact that medicine is struggling to
make even small improvements in outcomes for
extreme preemies at 22 weeks, fixing these dispar-
ities may be the best bet for improving viability
in the future.
Meanwhile, Roe is at the brink. The 18 states that
rely on viability to establish abortion limits may
simply have to do their best to wrestle with the
myriad complexities as they seek to balance wom-
en’s rights and health with the rights of a fetus that
may, in theory at least, be ready to survive outside
the womb.
NE WSWEEK .COM 29
30 NE WSWEEK .COM
 mericans think a lot about how to
take care of their skin and have a plenty
of choices about how to do it. People with common
problems like acne, for instance, have a huge num-
ber of possible doctors and treatments available to
them. Meanwhile the U.S. population is getting older
and increasingly conscious of not only the cosmetic
toll of aging, but also the long term health risks of
sun damage. This year Americans are expected to
spend $19.9 billion on non-prescription skin care
and protection products, up from $18.7 billion last
year, and that market is expected to grow to nearly
$23 billion in 2025. Americans are expected to spend
about $7.7 billion this year in dermatologists’ offices.
To help you find the leading dermatologists
in your area, Newsweek and research firm Statis-
ta are proud to introduce our list of America’s
Best Dermatologists 2022. We surveyed more
than 2,200 dermatologists and other skin care
professionals and found the top 275 dermatologists
AMERICA’S
BEST
-$&2 % /8 1'Ǭ* ( 7 7 <
in the 20 most populous U.S. states.
We’ve divided our ranking into two parts: a
list of the top 125 cosmetic dermatologists and
a list of the top 150 medical dermatologists.
We’ve scored the top 50 in each category from 1
to 50. The remaining dermatologists are listed
alphabetically without a score. (Top dermatolo-
gists in both categories are also ranked in their
respective states at newsweek.com/bder-2022.
Other dermatologists are listed alphabetically.)
For cosmetic dermatologists, we also asked sur-
vey participants to specify a standout treatment
(laser, injectables or body contouring). Doctors
who received multiple recommendations for one of
the treatments received this additional designation.
(No doctors received multiple recommendations
for body contouring).
We hope you find these listings and rankings help-
ful as you make skin care choices for yourself and
your family. ▸ Nancy Cooper, Global Editor in Chief
2022
NE WSWEEK .COM 31
 Quality Score
15 PERCENT OF TOTAL SCORE

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32 NE WSWEEK .COM - 8 1 ( ƹ ƻ  ƹ Ʒ ƹ ƹ
 MEDICAL
7+(723ƼƷ 36

37
68.1%

67.9%
Damian Dhar, MD
buford, ga; duluth, ga

Robert J. Pariser, MD
norfolk, va

1 90.5%
Aaron Coulon, MD 22 74.4%
Abraham R. Freilich, MD 38 67.7%
Abby Vrable, MD
miami, fl brooklyn, ny youngstown, oh

2 89.6%
Mark G. Lebwohl, MD 23 74.0%
Ronald J. Sweren, MD A. Razzaque Ahmed,
new york, ny lutherville, md 39 67.5% MD, DSC, MPA
brighton, ma
3 87.1%
David J. Goldberg, MD, JD 24 73.8%
Leigha A. Sharp, MD
aventura, fl austin, tx 40 67.4%
Kristen Richards, MD
la jolla, ca
4 84.6%
Amy S. Paller, MD 25 72.3%
Kevin Cooper, MD
northbrook, il cleveland, oh 41 67.3%
Victoria P. Werth, MD
philadelphia, pa
5 84.3%
Misha Rosenbach, MD 26 72.0%
Martin N. Zaiac, MD
philadelphia, pa miami beach, fl Steven R. Feldman,
42 67.1% MD, PhD
6 81.0%
Aaron S. Farberg, MD Warren Heymann, MD winston-salem, nc
dallas, tx 27 71.5% camden, nj; marlton,
nj; hammonton, nj Roger T. Moore, MD
43 66.9%
7 80.0%
John Koo, MD elkhart, in
san francisco, ca Aanand N. Geria,
28 71.4% MD, FAAD Kasia S. Masterpol,
8 79.4%
Adelaide A. Herbert, MD rutherford, nj MD, FAAD
houston, tx 44 66.8%
burlington, ma;
29 71.2%
Francisco A. Kerdel, MD woburn, ma; beverly, ma
9 78.9%
Aaron A. Westphal, MD coral gabes, fl
boone, nc Alejandra Vivas, MD
45 66.7%
30 70.9%
Jill S. Waibel, MD hollywood, fl
10 78.6%
Aaron Fong, MD, FAAD miami, fl
sterling, va; fairfax, va Mark A. Correa, MD
46 66.5%
31 70.3%
Bruce A. Brod, MD austin, tx; buda, tx
11 78.5%
Neal Bhatia, MD philadelphia, pa
san diego, ca Kenneth A. Arndt, MD
47 66.4%
32 69.4%
Adriana Villa, MD chestnut hill, ma
12 78.2%
David Cohen, MD, FAAD miami, fl
hewlett, ny; jamaica, ny Alan K. Silverman, MD
48 66.3%
33 68.8%
Lindy P. Fox, MD san antonio, tx
13 77.8%
Peter A. Lio, MD san francisco, ca
chicago, il Adam Aronson, MD
Adam I. Rubin, MD 49 66.2% newport beach, ca;
34 68.6%
14 77.7%
Joseph L. Jorizzo, MD philadelphia, pa yorba linda, ca
winston-salem, nc
35 68.4%
Matthew Zirwas, MD 50 66.1%
Brenda F. Watkins, MD
15 77.3%
Craig L. Leonardi, MD bexley, oh dripping springs, tx
saint louis, mo

16 75.5%
Thomas E. Rohrer, MD
chestnut hill, ma
) 52 0 /( ) 7 '$0 , $1 * 5 ( 7 . $ Ǭ* ( 7 7 < * ( 7 7 <

17 75.3%
Aaron K. Joseph, MD, FAAD
pasadena, tx

18 75.1%
Diane C. Madfes, MD, PC
new york, ny

19 74.8%
David Peng, MD
los angeles, ca

20 74.7%
Timothy Berger, MD
san francisco, ca

21 74.5%
Henry W. Lim, MD
detroit, mi
A-to-Z
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Jihad M. Alhariri, MD
baltimore, md
Adam Allan, DO
clarksville, tn
David J. Altman, MD
williamsville, ny
Grant J. Anhalt, MD
baltimore, md
Elizabeth Arrington, MD
st. petersburg, fl
Matthew A. Bakos, MD
beavercreek, oh; kettering, oh; troy, oh
Arthur K. Balin, MD, PhD, FACP
media, pa
Anthony V. Benedetto, DO, FACP Christine Egan, MD Scott B. Hearth, MD, FAAD
philadelphia, pa; drexel hill, pa media, pa; glen mills, pa roseville, ca
John A. Carucci, MD, PhD Alexander E. Ehrlich, MD Michelle Henry, MD
new york, ny philadelphia, pa new york, ny
Aegean H. Chan, MD, FAAD Georgina Ferzli, MD Adam B. Hessel, MD
solvang, ca; santa barbara, ca new york, ny dublin, oh; grove city, oh
Dannie Chang, MD David Fivenson, MD Chad Hivnor, MD
encinitas, ca ann arbor, mi san antonio, tx
Susan Y. Chon, MD Carley Fowler, MD Alexis Honigbaum, MD
houston, tx knoxville, tn palm harbor, fl
Gary Chuang, MD Matthew C. Fox, MD Meyer Horn, MD
torrance, ca austin, tx; buda, tx chicago, il
Alvin Coda, MD Brad P. Glick, DO, MPH, FAOCD Shasa Hu, MD
la jolla, ca margate, fl; wellington, fl miami, fl; coral gables, fl;
south miami, fl; miami beach, fl
Ashley B. Crew, MD Jeffrey Globerson, DO, FAAD
los angeles, ca portage, mi Camille E. Introcaso, MD
marlton, nj
Tiffany K. Cukrowski, DO Alexandra Grammenos, DO
) 52 0 723  /( ) 7 $ 1' 5 ( < 32329Ǭ* ( 7 7 <  * ( 7 7 <
clinton township, mi melbourne, fl; merritt island, fl William D. James, MD
philadelphia, pa
Bari Cunningham, MD Richard D. Granstein, MD
encinitas, ca new york, ny Benjamin Kelley, MD
la jolla, ca; encinitas, ca
Steven D. Daveluy, MD Michael S. Graves, MD
dearborn, mi austin, tx Ellen J. Kim, MD
Doris Day, MD Alexandra Grob, DO philadelphia, pa
new york, ny st. petersburg, fl
Nancy H. Kim, MD, FAAD
Andrew S. Dorizas, MD Peter J. Gust, MD scottsdale, az; phoenix, az;
miami, fl manor, tx chandler, az

George S. Drew, DO Christopher Ha, MD, FAAD Mina Y. Kingsbery, MD

marion, oh; mansfield, oh; bucyrus, oh roseville, ca parsippany, nj

▸ V I E W T H E L I S T O N L I N E AT Newsweek.com/bder-2022 - 8 1 ( ƹ ƻ  ƹ Ʒ ƹ ƹ
Adean Kingston, MD
dallas, tx
Robert Kirsner, MD, PhD
miami, fl
William T. Ko, MD, FAAD
phoenix, az; paradise valley, az;
show low, az
Adam Leavitt, MD
heathrow, fl; oviedo, fl;
deland, fl; lake faith, fl
Matt Leavitt, DO, FAOCD
lake faith, fl
Arnold Wu Che Lee, MD, PhD
los angeles, ca
Sandra Lee, MD
upland, ca
Angela Lotsikas, MD, FAAD
chevy chase, md
Agata Marriott, MD
del mar, ca
Adam A. Martin, MD
richmond, va
Natalia Mendoza, MD
williamsburg, va
Christopher J. Miller, MD
philadelphia, pa
Aaron J. Morgan, MD
ocean, nj
Rajiv Nathoo, MD
oviedo, fl; orlando, fl
Daniel Navi, MD
northridge, ca
Rachel Nazarian, MD, FAAD
new york, ny
Susan Nedorost, MD
cleveland, oh
Aislyn Nelson, MD, PhD
el cajon, ca; national city, ca
Albert J. Nemeth, MD
clearwater, fl
Thomas G. Olsen, MD
kettering, oh
Heather Orkwis, DO
clinton township, mi; shelby, mi
Lisa Rhodes, MD Eric Strauss, MD
austin, tx parsippany, nj
Franziska Ringpfeil, MD Jens Thiele, MD, PhD
haverford, pa murrieta, ca; oceanside, ca
Megan Rogge, MD Allison T. Vidimos, MD
houston, tx; bellaire, tx cleveland, oh
Cameron K. Rokhsar, MD, FAAD, FAACS Lisa C. Walker, MD
garden city, ny; new york, ny san antonio, tx
Theodore Rosen, MD Jeffrey Weinberg, MD
houston, tx forest hills, ny
Adam M. Rotunda, MD Susan H. Weinkle, MD
newport beach, ca bradenton, fl
Aaron Russell, MD Eduardo Weiss, MD, FAAD
creve coeur, mo hollywood, fl; pembroke pines, fl;
hallandale, fl; west miramar, fl; doral, fl
Andrew Scheman, MD, FAAD
northbrook, il Robert Weiss, MD, FAAD, FACPh
hunt valley, md
Rocco T. Serrao, MD
troy, oh; kettering, oh; mason, oh Adam H. Wiener, DO
melbourne, fl
Janellen Smith, MD
irvine, ca; orange, ca; laguna Ada M. Winkielman, MD
hills, ca; yorba linda, ca tarzana, ca; simi valley, ca
Molly K. Smith, MD Paul Yamauchi, MD, PhD
norfolk, va santa monica, ca
Seaver L. Soon, MD Nardo Zaias, MD
san diego, ca miami beach, fl
Meghan B. Zavod, MD
Christina Steinmetz-Rodriguez, DO davis, ca
san antonio, tx
Kathleen B. Zendell, MD, FAAD
Daniel Stewart, DO mount dora, fl; longwood, fl;
clinton township, mi orlando, fl; winterpark, fl

Taraneh Paravar, MD
san diego, ca

Anabella Pascucci, MD
torrance, ca

Shivani Patel, MD
towson, md
 COSMETIC
7+(723ƼƷ 35

36
71.9%

71.8%
Dee Anna Glaser, MD
saint louis, mo

Greg S. Morganroth, MD
torrance, ca

Mitchel P. Goldman, MD Jerome M. Garden, MD 37 71.7%

Michael S. Kaminer, MD
1 90.5% 21 74.4% chestnut hill, ma
san diego, ca chicago, il

Rebecca Fitzgerald, MD Margaret A. Weiss, MD 38 71.6%

Christian Halvorson, MD
2 81.1% 22 74.2% hunt valley, md
los angeles, ca hunt valley, md

Doris Day, MD Ava Shamba, MD Franziska Ringpfeil, MD

3 80.9% 39 71.4% haverford, pa;
new york, ny 23 74.1% santa monica, ca;
beverly hills, ca philadelphia, pa

4 80.3%
Jill S. Waibel, MD Derek H. Jones, MD
miami, fl Heidi A. Waldorf, MD 40 71.3%
24 73.9% los angeles, ca
nanuet, ny
5 80.2%
Kimberly J. Butterwick, MD Steven Y. He, MD
san diego, ca Robert A. Weiss, MD 41 71.2%
25 73.7% san francisco, ca
hunt valley, md
6 78.6%
Amanda Doyle, MD, FAAD Gabriel J. Martinez-Diaz,
new york, ny 26 73.3%
Kenneth A. Arndt, MD 42 71.1% MD, FAAD
chestnut hill, ma chicago, il
7 78.5%
Roy G. Geronemus, MD
new york, ny 27 73.1%
Melanie Palm, MD, MBA Madeline Krauss, MD
solana beach, ca 43 71.0%
wellesley, ma
8 78.4%
Sabrina G. Fabi, MD
san diego, ca 28 73.0%
Susan H. Weinkle, MD Julie E. Russak, MD, FAAD
bradenton, fl 44 70.7%
new york, ny
9 78.3%
Mathew Avram, MD
boston, ma 29 72.9%
Paul M. Friedman, MD Sarah Hahn Hsu, MD
houston, tx 45 70.6%
hunt valley, md
Amy Forman Taub,
10 78.1% MD, FAAD 30 72.8%
Jeffrey S. Dover, MD, FRCPC Alyssa Klein, MD
chestnut hill, ma 46 70.5%
lincolnshire, il lutherville, md

David J. Goldberg, MD, JD 31 72.4%

Janelle M. Vega, MD Bruce E. Katz, MD
coral gables, fl 47 70.4%
11 77.9% hackensack, nj; new york, ny; woodside, ny
new york, ny
32 72.3%
Libby Rhee, DO Omer Ibrahim, MD, FAAD
Heidi B. Prather, MD, FAAD new york, ny 48 70.2%
12 76.8% chicago, il
austin, tx
33 72.2%
Aaron S. Farberg, MD Karen L. Beasley, MD, FAAD
Shino Bay Aguilera, dallas, tx 49 70.1%
hunt valley, md
13 76.6% DO, FAOCD
fort lauderdale, fl Carolyn I. Jacob, MD, FAAD Kristel D. Polder, MD
34 72.0% 50 70.0%
Suzanne L. Kilmer, MD chicago, il dallas, tx
14 76.1%
sacramento, ca

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15 76.0%
Lori D. Stetler, MD
dallas, tx

16 75.7%
Melissa K. Levin, MD, FAAD
new york, ny

17 75.2%
Murad Alam, MD
chicago, il

18 75.0%
Jeremy B. Green, MD
coral gables, fl

19 74.7%
Aanand N. Geria, MD, FAAD
rutherford, nj

20 74.5%
Michelle Henry, MD
staten island, ny

36 NE WSWEEK .COM
STANDOUT TREATMENTS: = Laser = Injectables

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Michael Abrouk, MD
boston, ma
Susan C. Amaturo, MD
santa rosa, ca
Richard Anderson, MD
boston, ma
Adam Aronson, MD
newport beach, ca
Marc Avram, MD
brooklyn, ny
Susan Bard, MD
new york, ny
Daniel Belkin, MD
new york, ny
Neal Bhatia, MD
san diego, ca
Amy Brodsky, MD
glenview, il; park ridge, il;
wilmette, il
Harold J. Brody, MD
atlanta, ga
Valerie D. Callender, MD, FAAD
glenn dale, md
Anne Chapas, MD
new york, ny
David A. Colbert, MD
new york, ny
Adaeze Egesi, MD, MBA Emmy M. Graber, MD, MBA
Tiffany Cukrowski, DO humble, tx boston, ma
clinton township, mi
Abraham R. Freilich, MD Pearl E. Grimes, MD, FAAD
DiAnne S. Davis, MD new york, ny los angeles, ca
dallas, tx
Daniel P. Friedmann, MD Anna D. Guanche, MD
Amy Derick, MD austin, tx calabasas, ca
barrington, il
Elizabeth Geddes-Bruce, MD Adele D. Haimovic, MD
Catherine DiGiorgio, MD austin, tx new york, ny;
boston, ma wainscott, ny
Adam Geyer, MD
Adrian Dobrescu, MD, FAAD new york, ny C. William Hanke, MD, FACP
miami, fl; coral gables, fl; orlando, fl indianapolis, in
Scott Glazer, MD, SC
Claire Dorfman, DO arlington heights, il; George J. Hruza, MD
haverford, pa; philadelphia, pa buffalo grove, il; highland park, il chesterfield, mo
Andrew S. Dorizas, MD Michael Gold, MD, FAAD Shereene Idriss, MD
miami, fl nashville, tn new york, ny
Jeanine B. Downie, MD Jennifer Gordon, MD Aaron K. Joseph, MD, FAAD
montclair, nj austin, tx pasadena, tx

▸ V I E W T H E L I S T O N L I N E AT Newsweek.com/bder-2022
 STANDOUT TREATMENTS: = Laser = Injectables

Rachel Pritzker, MD, FAAD

chicago, il
Afshin David Rahimi, MD, FAAD
westlake village, ca
Wendy E. Roberts, MD
rancho mirage, ca
Alan S. Rockoff, MD
brookline, ma
Thomas E. Rohrer, MD
chestnut hill, ma
Edward Ross Jr., MD
san diego, ca
Anthony Rossi, MD
new york, ny
Neil Sadick, MD
new york, ny
Nancy Samolitis, MD
long beach, ca
Adrienne Schupbach, MD
canton, il; bloomington, il; peru, il
Alan Kenneth Silverman, MD
san antonio, tx
Mary L. Stevenson, MD
new york, ny
Abby Vrable, MD
youngstown, oh
Eduardo Weiss, MD, FAAD
hollywood, fl; pembroke pines, fl;
hallandale, fl; west miramar, fl;
doral, fl
Joely Kaufman, MD Gilly S. Munavalli, MD, MHS, FACMS Steven R. Weiss, MD
coral gables, fl charlotte, nc beverly hills, ca
Shilpi Khetarpal, MD Mark Steven Nestor, MD, PhD Kathleen M. Welsh, MD
avon, oh aventura, fl san francisco, ca
Abdallah Khourdaji, MD Gregory Nikolaidis, MD Adam H. Wiener, DO
lodi, ca austin, tx melbourne, fl
William T. Ko, MD, FAAD Keyvan Nouri, MD Cynthia Yag-Howard, MD, FAAD
phoenix, az; scottsdale, az miami, fl naples, fl
Diane C. Madfes, MD, PC Heather Orkwis, DO
new york, ny clinton township, mi Dina Yaghmai, MD
chicago, il
Adam J. Mamelak, MD Lydia Parker, MD
austin, tx beachwood, oh; westlake, oh; Christopher B. Zachary, MD
lake county, oh orange, ca
Ellen Marmur, MD Alejandro Pedrozo, MD
new york, ny Martin N. Zaiac, MD
miami, fl miami beach, fl
David H. McDaniel, MD, FAAD
virginia beach, va

Marissa Milchak, MD STATISTA

haverford, pa media partners. This research and analysis service is based on the success of
statista.com. The leading data and business intelligence portal provides statistics,
GET TY

Ronald Moy, MD, FAAD

beverly hills, ca business relevant data and various market and consumer studies/surveys.

▸ V I E W T H E L I S T O N L I N E AT Newsweek.com/bder-2022 - 8 1 ( ƹ ƻ  ƹ Ʒ ƹ ƹ
CONTENT FROM COUNTRY REPORTS URUGUAY

Traditional and next

generation sectors
forge opportunities
With a small, but robust economy
and big ambitions to become a
world leader in clean energies,
Uruguay is enticing investors Montevideo is a very attractive, safe and cosmopolitan capital

Combining strong fiscal fundamentals and political, social and economic stability
with competitive advantages including world-class infrastructure, strategic loca-
tion and modern mindset to trade and commerce, Uruguay has attracted record
sums of foreign direct investment (FDI) to a diverse range of economic sectors in
recent years.
Supported by a reassuring legal framework and a favorable tax support package
provided by the pro-business government, the republic of 3.5 million people is a bas-
tion of institutional and political stability in Latin America and continues to punch
well above its weight. The high-esteem in which the country is held is reflected in its
strong position in global rankings. Late last year, U.S. automobile giant Ford returned
to Uruguay after 35 years with substantial investment in a state-of-the-art manufac-
turing complex.
“There are several factors that explain why Uruguay is an attractive destination for
FDI, beyond the entire tax support package,” explains Azucena Arbeleche, Minister
of Economy and Finance. “We are among the strongest and most stable democracies
with great civic engagement. Contracts are respected 100 percent. Uruguay has also set
a strategic course—and this is perhaps a completely new element—in environmental
matters. We have given a political priority to action against climate change.”
“We are among the strongest and most stable
democracies with great civic engagement.
Contracts are respected 100 percent.”
Azucena Arbeleche, Minister of Economy and Finance
Omar Paganini Herrera, Minister of Industry, Energy and Mining, echoes this
upbeat view, noting while the booming export and agro-export sector remains the
principal generator of foreign currency, Uruguay is now exploring its rich potential in
high-tech sectors and clean energy solutions, like hydrogen production. “We have a
thriving agro-industrial sector and sectors with a high technology aggregate, such as
software, the application of life sciences—as seen during the pandemic in medical and
veterinary areas—audiovisual production and green energies. All this positions us as a
country with a very positive future.”
Colleague Fernando Mattos Costa, Minister of Livestock, Agriculture and Fish-
Omar Paganini Azucena Arbeleche Tabaré Viera Duarte
Herrera, Minister Minister of Economy Minister of Tourism
of Industry, Energy and Finance
and Mining
eries, adds: “Uruguay has been rapidly incorporating sustainable production systems
to meet demand. As a major exporter, we align with international requirements, like
laboratory diagnostic and certification systems. This ensures the quality and prestige
of Uruguayan products.”
Haroldo Espalter, president of the Chamber of Commerce Uruguay-U.S., sees
plenty of lucrative opportunities for international investors: “You have to thoroughly
analyze what Uruguay is, the opportunities it offers, the advantages available, and make
an effort to look at Latin America as a continent of very diverse countries. Without a
doubt, Uruguay offers an environment for the foreign investor, probably unique and
first class, to be able to invest money, to come and live, to be able to be digital nomads.”
A network of Free Zones (Zonas Francas) has been an essential ingredient for
attracting investors, acting as a streamlined, secure conduit for businesses concentrated
on export activities. “Investment and access to market our services and products are
our fundamental pillars,” says Zonas Francas director, Ana Alfie. “Our system contains
important legal guarantees.”
Responsible for almost a tenth of GDP, Uruguay’s tourism industry has bounced
back well from the closure of international borders. Its tourism
tapestry blends natural, cultural and historic delights. As Tabaré
Viera Duarte, Minister of Tourism, enthuses: “Make the most
of life and come to Uruguay to enjoy the type of tourism you
like the most.”

Read our exclusive full-length special on Uruguay on Newsweek.com, brought to you by:

CONSTRUYENDO FUTURO

www.country-reports.net
 Culture HIGH, LOW + EVERYTHING IN BETWEEN

Giant’s Causeway
COUNTY ANTRIM,
NORTHERN IRELAND

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UNCHARTED

Transcendent Sites
Places are not inherently spiritual, but rather become so when we experience a sense of wonder and acceptance,
awe or healing by being there and feeling a pure connection to something far greater than ourselves. No matter where
we go—whether wondrous cliffs in Ireland or a shopping center in Finland, a turtle reserve or a graveyard—
or how we get there, we can be on a spiritual journey. Here are some suggestions to find your own liminal places—spaces
between heaven and earth where you can find meaningful experiences both sacred and mundane. —alice peck

P h o t o g r a p h b y L A U R E N B AT H NE WSWEEK .COM 41
 Culture
1 say was the greatest grief of
01
Hopi Reservation
NAVAJO AND COCONINO
COUNTIES, ARIZONA
On the reservation, once
you travel a few minutes
away from the commercial
areas, time becomes
irrelevant. The Orayvi
mesa is one of the oldest
continuously inhabited
human settlements (1100
CE) in the Americas.
From Around the World in 80
Spiritual Places: Discover the
Wonder of Sacred and Meaningful
Destinations by Alice Peck,
published by CICO Books, 2022
42 NE WSWEEK .COM
04
Giant’s Causeway
COUNTY ANTRIM,
NORTHERN IRELAND
(See previous spread)
02
Walden Pond
CONCORD, MASSACHUSETTS 4
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passageways to catacombs and hermit caves.

1( :6:((. &20 43
Culture

BOOKS

Baby Boys
and Expletives
0LQQLH'ULYHUƬQGVOLIHGRHVQpWIROORZDQ\URDGPDS

Academy-award nominated actress Minnie Driver shares the ups and downs of
her life through entertaining and poignant tales in her book managing expec-
tations, ranging from her first solo sung on the local news from a windy tree at
her English boarding school to the death of her beloved mother during COVID-19,
with candid stories of acting failures and successes in between. In this excerpt,
Driver describes her son Henry’s birth—a surprise from start to finish. Henry
is the happy result of a brief relationship with writer Timothy J. Lea when they
were working together on the TV series the riches. Driver has raised her son
as a single parent since his birth in 2008. And through it all, Driver explores
the beauty of managing her way through the unexpected and painful to find joy.

“i think you’re pregnant,” my of my baby, an instant human reac-

sister, Kate, said.
“No.”
“I think you are.”
“But I’ve got a difficult uterus,
remember that horrible old doctor
comparing it to having a U-bend in a
toilet and said I’d never get pregnant.”
“F**k that guy. Let’s get a pregnancy
test.”
Even through the pro-
found fear of what this
might mean, a keen wonder
was also present as I peed MINNIE
on the two sticks. I then sat DRIVER
on the edge of the bath and
waved the sticks like Polaroids. My
mind was now blank, it was clear, it
was unmoving; my whole life, past and
present, had come to a gliding halt as
one of two potential futures prepared
to join the caravan. I looked down at
the sticks, and the two sets of paral-
lel lines that told me I wasn’t alone in
the bathroom. I stood up and looked
at my face in the mirror, and I smiled.
That was the very first acknowledgment
tion to joy, our first salutation.
One day at an ultrasound the doc-
tor said:
“So, do you want to know if it’s a girl
or a boy?”
“No, thanks.”
“Okay.” He paused and kept ultra-
sounding, clicking on the computer
keyboard, taking measurements.
“Well, she is really big and
beautiful,” he said, smiling.
by “I…I didn’t want to know
the sex,” I spluttered.
“Oh, goodness, did I let
that slip? Oh I am so sorry.”
Apologies were not enough to stop
me bursting into tears. I didn’t want
some guy ripping off the baby from
having its first introduction; it wasn’t
his news to tell. I was upset enough
that the doctor wrote in large red let-
ters on my file:
“DO NOT MENTION GENDER”—as
if not repeating that I was having a girl
would help me unhear the fact. Con-
sequently I couldn’t help holding only
the idea that I was having a girl, but it
was never mentioned again by anyone.
I had loosely been calling my
daughter “Bel.” I liked the brevity
of the name and the clear syllable it
sounded out. I imagined her small
and freckled with a shock of dark hair,
wrists with folds of sweet chub, and
one blue eye, one brown eye, like my
father. I imagined quietly encouraging
her to feel safe on whatever ground
she stood and teaching her that shifts
in terrain had no bearing on how she
could choose to feel. She was this tiny,
fluid warrior who smiled and cried
with her whole heart, then shook it off
like an Etch A Sketch and began anew.
I labored for a night and a day and
another night, longing to meet her. On
the first night, my sister came into my
bedroom, which was filled with can-
dles and the stereo sound of soothing
monks om-ing, and she said,

44 NE WSWEEK .COM - 8 1 ( ƹ ƻ  ƹ Ʒ ƹ ƹ

“Everything felt
miraculous, so even
the harder aspects of
being a single mother
took on a glow.”
“Are we having a baby or a f**king
séance?”
Mum asked if I fancied spaghetti
Bolognese.
My friend Isla, the former child
actor (turned rave pro), had now
become a doula and midwife. She’d
come down from Northern California
&2 1 72 8 5 Ǭ* ( 7 7 <
to help me have a home birth and at
this point in the proceedings told me
to tune out the sounds and just focus
on my breathing.
P h o t o g r a p h b y H E L E N LY O N
“Which sounds? The om-ing monks?”
“More the spaghetti.”
“Okay, okay, but ow, my God, this
really hurts.”
“All good, all good, you just gotta
turn your OW into WOW!”
I sort of wished my sister had been
present to hear this.
It turned out my baby was enor-
mous, in general and more perti-
nently in relation to its exit point,
but I still believed the unlikely union
between my sturdy Anglo-Saxon her-
itage and a yogified Hollywood pelvis
could deliver this baby into the giant
tank of water that stood at the end
of my bed. At hour 35, the midwife
from my doctor’s surgery had shown
up, taken my pulse and blood pres-
sure and announced that the baby
was fine, but my heart rate was tired
and slow, and it was time to go to the
hospital.
“What about the water tank?” I
wailed between contractions.
“ That’s done, darling,” said my
mother. “This is now.”
We arrived at the hospital, and I
was given pain relief that can only
be described as orgasmic.
“You don’t know how bad the pain
is until it’s gone, huh?” said my doc-
tor, who had just turned up.
“No. SHE KNOWS/I KNOW,” said
my sister and I in unison.
“Are you ready to push?” he said
amicably. It was the second 4:45 a.m.
of being in labor—I was so ready.
I had a welcoming playlist I
wanted to be playing as the baby was
born. The soothing monks were there,
and some whale song was mixed in
with deep cuts from Johnny “Gui-
tar” Watson and Stan Getz. I told the
expectant crowd that I wanted “love”
to be the first word the baby heard
when she was born, so for 45 minutes
I screeched and panted “LOVE!” in a
very active meditation.
“LOVE!” I screamed as the head was
born.
“Love, LOVE!” To the shoulders and
the arms.
“LOOOOVVVVE!” as the baby fully
emerged.
“IT’S A BOY,” said my mother. To
which I responded,
“WHAT THE F**K?????”
The baby wailed, clearly having
been woken from a nice dream, with
a bad word, my very first parent-
ing choice already trashed with an
expletive. They laid him on my chest;
he was long and very red and had
an extremely pointy cranium, like
a baby Dan Aykroyd in Coneheads.
He was alien and astonishing, and I
could only stare at him in silence and
experience the next thing a mother
must learn to accept (after she’s said
the wrong thing): nobody had told
me that the very first thing we do
as mothers—the thing we are asked
to continue doing again and again
in our children’s life—is to let go. I
was also letting go of my conceptual
daughter, the idea/person I had been
bonding with for the past 5 months.
Was she there in him? I was suddenly
overwhelmed by a strange grief that
perhaps I would never know her, and
a guilt that this baby here on my chest
had arrived into the world a stranger,
because I had been busy thinking
they were someone else. I wonder
why I had become so attached to the
gender of my child in the first place?
I think it was benignly narcissistic (if
such a thing exists). Perhaps, more
kindly, it was primal. Being a single
mother, thinking I would be raising
this baby by myself, the thought of
her being a girl—a reflection I had
already seen, one I knew and could
speak to—felt reassuring; as if, as a
neophyte parent, there was at least
one thing I understood; as if her gen-
der were my choice anyway.
NE WSWEEK .COM 45
Culture
I looked at my mother, at Isla, and
at my friend Tiffany, who had also
been part of the strange intense rit-
ual of the past few days.
“He doesn’t even have a name. I
didn’t do any boys’ names because
he was ‘Bel.’” I started to cry, and the
nurse came over and said, why didn’t
I give her the baby so I could have a
cup of tea and move out of the deliv-
ery room and into a clean bed.
“NO,” I said.
“We are not moving anything until
this baby has a name. You have to
have a name. To start. You have to
have a name. Even if they change it
later, I’ve got to give this baby that,
right now. Please?” I looked at all
my women, all of them completely
exhausted but understanding that
this had turned out to be the final
push.
NDEOHru
“Kai.”
“Dakota.”
“Miles.”
“Stone,” said the helpful voices.
I looked at them.
“HE IS NOT A CONTESTANT ON
SURVIVOR.”
Then, like a bell ringing out, Tif-
fany said,
“Henry.”
Immediately, as a chiming chorus,
everyone said his name,
“Henry, Henry, Henry.”
I looked down at the baby, tiny and
gigantic at the same time, the culmi-
nation of all the love I had ever felt
or dreamed of, the person who had
suddenly given me tenure for life,
and who I knew would bring their
own luck.
“Hello, Henry, thank goodness
you’re here.”
▸ Excerpt from managing expecta-
tions: a memoir in essays by Minnie
Driver. Published by HarperOne.
Copyright © 2022 HarperCollins.
46 NE WSWEEK .COM
BOOKS
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Minnie Driver
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DFWOLNH0HJ5\DQZKHQVKHIDNHVDQ E\WKHODWWHU,QP\\HDUROGKHDG
RUJDVPLQDGHOLLQWhen Harry Met WKHLGHDRIQRWEHLQJFRQVLGHUHG
Sally. $QGKRZ\RXDOPRVWGLGQpW DWWUDFWLYHHQRXJKWRKDYHVH[ZLWK
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Hunting EHFDXVHRI+DUYH\:HLQ- VDGGHFLVLRQVIURPDSODFHRIGLPLQ
VWHLQpVFRPPHQWVWKDW\RXZHUHQpW LVKHGZRUWKDQG,ZRXOGVD\WKHZD\
VH[\HQRXJK'R\RXWKLQNWKH LQZKLFK+DUYH\:HLQVWHLQVDZPHu
LQGXVWU\KDVFKDQJHGVLQFHWKHQ" WKHZRUGKHXVHGqXQI
A _ ,WKLQNWKH0H7RRPRYHPHQW
FRORUHGDQGVKDSHGWKHZD\,VDZ
FKDQJHGWKLQJVLQDVPXFKDVWKHUH P\VHOIDVDSHUVRQIRUPDQ\\HDUV
DUHQRZPHFKDQLVPVLQSODFHLQP\
LQGXVWU\WKDWKHOSSURWHFWSHR How has raising Henry been
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EHKDYLRURIDQ\NLQG%HFDXVHRI
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WKHUHLVIHDUDERXWVSHDNLQJXSDVD
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+ROO\ZRRGZDVIRUJHGLQWKHFUXFLEOH
RIq7KHUHpVRWKHUJLUOVZKR
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FRPSODLQLQJDERXWrWKDWVSHDN
LQJXSFDQVWLOOIHHOOLNHDZRPDQ
PLJKWEHPDUNHGEHFDXVHRILW
<RXZHQWRQWREHQRPLQDWHGIRU
DQ2VFDUIRUWKHUROHRI6N\ODU+RZ
GLG+DUYH\pVFRPPHQWDƪHFW\RXU
FRQƬGHQFHDVD\RXQJDFWUHVV"
7KHFRPPHQW+DUYH\:HLQVWHLQ
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QHYHUIRUPXODWHGLQWRDQ\NLQGRI
FUHGRWhat to Expect When You’re
ExpectingZLWKDOOLWpVRQHVL]HƬWV
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Your son is 13 now, right? All of
sudden you’ve got a teenager
and not a little boy anymore.
What’s that like for you?
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What do you tell your son about
the sexual harassment you en-
dured as an actress? About how
to treat women as he grows up?
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You describe yourself as an
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bleu Hotel charging up a storm
to get back at your dad when
he sent you back to England
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were rude to his girlfriend.
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“In my 26-year-old
head, the idea of not
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became the headline.”
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Your mother passed away during
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of self and your momentum?
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NE WSWEEK .COM 47
Culture

PA RT I N G S H OT

Iman Vellani
some high school graduates get luggage, others get cast as How did the role come your way?
Marvel superheroes. Well, actually, that only happens to Iman Vellani, My aunt was a part of a WhatsApp
who plays the title character in the new Disney+ series Ms. Marvel (June 8). “I group chat, and it was a Ms. Marvel
got the part literally on the last day of high school, which was the most perfect casting call. She sent it to me
graduation present.” Based on the popular comic series, Vellani was “a huge because I dressed up as Ms. Marvel
Ms. Marvel comic book reader,” and she “knew exactly which comic books they on Halloween. The night it was due,
were pulling the scripts from” once filming began. “We still very much stay true I recorded all of it. A day or two
to the themes and tone of the comics.” One aspect that sets teen superhero Ms. later I get a call, “Do you have a
Marvel (aka Kamala Khan) apart: she’s the first Muslim superhero, an aspect ODZ\HU":HZDQW>\RX@WRƮ\WR/$r
of the character Vellani could relate to. “Growing up, religion and culture was
always just a part of my life. It never felt like a burden.” Vellani hopes that .DPDODLVWKHƬUVW0XVOLP
children of immigrant parents in particular take something from the series. superhero! How important
“People just seeing someone like me on screen is enough. That’s what it was for was that to you?
me when I read the comics for the first time. I just saw myself.” It’s so important to showcase
children of immigrant parents who
don’t neglect their culture and are
proud of it. Her family is her rock and
the backbone of Kamala’s story. The
same goes for me. It feels normal.
“People It’s just a religion. It’s incorporated

just seeing quite organically in our show.

someone Who she is at her core does feel like

like me that’s a huge part of her superpower.

It’s like in Spider-Man: Homecoming,
on screen when Tony Stark says to Peter

is enough.” Parker, “If you’re nothing without

this suit, then you shouldn’t have
LWr.DPDODFRXOGVKRRWƬUHZRUNVRXW
of her hands, as long as she goes on
that same journey of self discovery.

You’re also going to be in The

MarvelsƬOP+RZZDVZRUNLQJ
with the other superheroes?
Super exciting, but extremely
intimidating because I cannot do a
RQHKDQGHGSXOOXSOLNH%ULH/DUVRQ
can. As soon as I got cast she called
I RV I N R IV E R A

me. She was prepping me for what’s

to come. It was just so nice to have
her by my side.— H. Alan Scott

▸ Visit Newsweek.com for the full interview

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