COR JESU COLLEGE, INC.

COLLEGE OF HEALTH
SCIENCES
Tres De Mayo Campus, Brgy. Tres De
Mayo, Digos City
Province of Davao Del Sur
Website: www.cjc.edu.ph

PHILIPPINE HERBAL MEDICINES

Submitted by:

Ken Bryan G. Macagba

Submitted to:

Dennis V. Hoksuan, RN

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NAME: ULASIMANG-BATO

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Peperonia pellucida

COMMON NAME: Ulasimang-bato, pansit-pansitan (Tagalog); olasiman-ihalas

(Cebu,Bisaya); tangon-tangon (Bikol); peperonia (English)

PHARMACOKINETICS: Studies have shown analgesic, anti-inflammatory, CNS depressant,

antioxidant, antihyperuricemic, hypoglycemic, antihypertensive, antibacterial, antiarthritic,
anticancer, antiedematogenic, anti-amoebic, gastroprotective, and hemostatic properties.

INDICATIONS: Infusion, decoction or salad for gout and rheumatic pains; pounded
plant warm poultice for boils and abscesses

SIDEFFECTS: The plant has a strong mustard-like odor and may cause asthma-like symptoms
in patients with known hypersensitivity reactions to the plant species.

PRECAUTIONS: Avoid using with other pain relievers, diuretics

DOSAGE: One a half cup leaves are boiled in two glass of water over low fire. Do not cover
pot. Divide into 3 parts and drink one part 3 times a day

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HOW TO USE/ PROCESS OF USAGE: (PLEASE INDICATE STEP BY STEP)

Uses:
 Lowers uric acid (Rheumatism and Gout)
Preparation:
 Wash the leaves well. One and a half cup leaves are boiled in two glassful of water over
low fire. Do not cover pot. Cool and strain. Divide into three parts 3 times a day.
 May also be eaten as salad. Wash the leaves well. Prepare one and a half cups of leaves
(not closely packed). Divide into three parts and take as salad 3 times a day.

NAME: LAGUNDI

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Vitex negundo

COMMON NAME: Dangla (Ilokano); five-leaved chaste tree, horseshoe vitex

PHARMACOKINETICS: A meta-analysis of clinical trials on Lagundi vs placebo among

pediatric patients with acute cough of moderate severity demonstrated that Lagundi syrup
resulted in better clinical improvement compared to placebo with a Peto odds ratio of 0.05
significance level.

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INDICATIONS: For the relief of mild to moderate cough due to common colds, flu & mild to
moderate acute bronchitis. For the relief of reversible mild to moderate bronchospasm in adults
& childn ≥2 yr w/ obstructive airway disease eg, asthma & chronic bronchitis.

SIDEFFECTS: Itching, nausea, vomiting & diarrhea w/o a predominating complaint.

PRECAUTIONS: Hypersensitivity to flavors eg, grape, ginger. Pregnancy & lactation.

DOSAGE: Adult 300-600 mg tid-qid. Childn 7-12 yr 300 mg tid-qid.

HOW TO USE/ PROCESS OF USAGE: (PLEASE INDICATE STEP BY STEP)

Uses:
 Asthma, cough, fever, dysentery, colds and pain
 Skin diseases, wounds, headache, rheumatism, sprain, contusions, insects bites
 Aromatic bath for sick patients.
Preparation:
 For Asthma, cough and fever, boil chopped raw fruits or leaves in 2 glasses of water left
in only 1 glass (decoction), strain.
 For Dysentery, colds and pain, boil a handful of leaves and flowers in water to produce a
glass full of decoction 3 times a day.
 For skin diseases (dermatitis, scabies, ulcer, eczema) and wounds, prepare a decoction of
the leaves. Wash and clean the skin/wound with the decoction.
 For headache, crushed leaves may be applied on the forehead.
 For rheumatism, sprain, contusions and insect bites, pound the leaves and apply on the
affected part.

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NAME: SAMBONG

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Blumea balsamifera

COMMON NAME: Sambong (Tagalog); lakad-bulan (Bikol); Ngai camphor (English)

PHARMACOKINETICS: has tonic effect that promotes muscle relaxation and sesquiterpene
which has an inhibitory property in the Ca-ATPase activity in the sarcoplasmic reticulum but the
exact mechanism is unclear.

INDICATIONS: As anti-urolithiasis in patients with urinary tract stones with normal kidney
function.
As diuretic in patients with mild to moderate congestive heart failure and edema

SIDEFFECTS: epigastric pain, constipation and flatulence.

PRECAUTIONS: For patients with excretory urogram showing signs of renal obstruction,
consultation with a physician is necessary. Safety in pregnant and lactating women has not been
established.
DOSAGE: 40 to 50 mg/kg body weight per day in 3 equal doses

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HOW TO USE/ PROCESS OF USAGE: (PLEASE INDICATE STEP BY STEP)

Uses:
 Anti-edema
 Diuretic
 Anti-urolithiasis
Preparation:
 Boil chopped leaves in water for 15 minutes until one glassful remains. Cool and strain.
 Divide decoction into 3 parts. Drink one part 3 times a day.
 Note: Sambong is not a medicine for kidney infection

NAME: AKAPULKO

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Cassia alata

COMMON NAME: Katanda (Tagalog); andadasi (Ilokano);palochina (Bisaya);

ringworm bush,seven golden candlesticks, bayabas-bayabasan

PHARMACOKINETICS: Anthraquinones are bioactive natural products, some of which are

active components in medicinal medicines, especially Chinese medicines. These compounds
exert actions including purgation, anti-inflammation, immunoregulation, antihyperlipidemia, and
anticancer effects

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INDICATIONS: a medicinal herb of Leguminosae family. It is distributed in the tropical and
humid regions. The plant is traditionally used in the treatment of typhoid, diabetes, malaria,
asthma, ringworms, tinea infections, scabies, blotch, herpes, and eczema.

SIDEFFECTS: can cause some side effects including stomach discomfort, cramps, and
diarrhea.
PRECAUTIONS: when taken by mouth long-term or in high doses. Don't use senna for more
than two weeks. Longer use can cause the bowels to stop functioning normally and might cause
dependence on laxatives

DOSAGE: Fresh, matured leaves are pounded. Apply soap to the affected area 1-2 times a day.
HOW TO USE/ PROCESS OF USAGE: (PLEASE INDICATE STEP BY STEP)

Uses:
 Anti-fungal: Tinea Flava, Ringworm, Athlete’s Foot and Scabies.
Preparation:
 Fresh, matured leaves are pounded.
 Apply as a soap to the affected part 1 to 2 times a day

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NAME: NIYUG-NIYOGAN

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Quisqualis indica

COMMON NAME: Tartaraok (Tagalog); balitadham (Bisaya); Rangoon creeper,

Chinese honeysuckle, liane vermifuge.

PHARMACOKINETICS: The seeds of the niyog-niyogan plant is known to be anthelmintic,

which basically means that it has the capacity to expel harmful intestinal worms like Ascaris and
Trichinella.

INDICATIONS: Fruit (kernel) anthelmintic; leaves poultice for headache

SIDEFFECTS: Nausea, vomiting, hiccups, abdominal pain, diarrhea, distention and fainting.
PRECAUTIONS: Follow recommended dosage. Overdose causes hiccups. Not to be given to
children below 4 years old

DOSAGE: These mature seeds are eaten in its raw form, usually after dinner.
For adults, take at least 10 niyog-niyogan seeds for best results.
Children aged 4 to 7 years old, let them take at least four seeds.
For children aged 8 to 9 years old, they can take around six seeds.
Children aged 10 to 12 years old, they can eat not more than seven seeds.

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HOW TO USE/ PROCESS OF USAGE: (PLEASE INDICATE STEP BY STEP)

Uses:
 Anti-helminthic (used to expel parasitic worms.)
Preparation:
 Seeds of niyug-niyogan are eaten raw two hours before the patient’s last meal of the day.
 Adults may take 10 seeds; children 4 to 7 years of age may eat up to four seeds only; ages
8 to 9 may take six seeds and seven seeds may be eaten by children 10 to 12 years old.
 Not to be given to children below four years old.

NAME: TSAANG GUBAT

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Carmona retusa

COMMON NAME: Putputai (Bikol); alangit (Bisaya); forest tea, wild tea.
PHARMACOKINETICS: The leaves are traditionally used for medicinal purposes as an anti-
spasmodic, mouthwash and body cleanser, attributed to the effects of different components
(phenolic acids, flavonoids, benzoquinones, cyanogenetic glycosides, and fatty acids).

INDICATIONS: pills, leaf decoction for gastroenteritis; as gargle to prevent cavities

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SIDEFFECTS:
Pregnancy and Breast feeding. There are no sufficient scientific studies done to investigate
adverse reaction nor side effects of Tsaang gubat during pregnancy and breast feeding.
Allergies. In rare cases, Tsaang gubat has caused allergic reactions when applied to the skin.

PRECAUTIONS: For topical or external application, Tsaang gubat has been proven beneficial
even for young children, pregnant women and breast feeding mothers.
Tsaang gubat is not known to be harmful when taken in recommended dosages. However,
individuals should always take caution before using for any treatment.

DOSAGE:
Diarrhea – Boil chopped leaves into 2 glasses of water for 15 minutes. Divide decoction into 4
parts. Drink 1 part every 3 hours
Stomachache – Boil chopped leaves in 1 glass of water for 15 minutes. Cool and strain.

HOW TO USE/ PROCESS OF USAGE: (PLEASE INDICATE STEP BY STEP)

Uses:
 Diarrhea
 Stomach ache
Preparation:
 Diarrhea – boil the following amount of chopped leaves in 2 glasses of water for 15
minutes or until amount of water goes down to 1 glass. Cool and strain.
 Stomach ache – wash leaves and chop. Boil chopped leaves in 1 glass of water for 15
minutes. Cool and filter/strain and drink.

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NAME: AMPALAYA

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Momordica charantia

COMMON NAME: Ampalaya (Tagalog); paria (Ilokano); palia (Bisaya); bitter gourd,
PHARMACOKINETICS: If you are under medication for diabetes, heart problems, or
hypertension, taking ampalaya leaves as a substitute may have an adverse effect on the efficacy
of your current medication. Herbal medicine may aggravate or counteract its effect. Consult your
doctor before using any herbal medicine.
For pregnant and breastfeeding mothers, there are studies that indicate the abortive action of
ampalaya leaves, especially when taken in large doses. If you are pregnant, do not take more
than what you actually consume as food.

INDICATIONS: lowers blood sugar levels

SIDEFFECTS: notable increase in bowel frequency

PRECAUTIONS: Blood sugar levels should be monitored regularly. The native
variety with small bitter fruit is recommended

DOSAGE: Diabetes Mellitus (Mild non-insulin dependent)

– Chopped leaves then boil in a glass of water for 15 minutes. Do not cover. Cool and strain.
Take 1/3 cup 3 times a day after meals.

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HOW TO USE/ PROCESS OF USAGE: (PLEASE INDICATE STEP BY STEP)

Uses:
 Lowers blood sugar levels
 Diabetes Mellitus (Mild-non insulin dependent)
Preparation:
 Gather and wash young leaves very well. Chop, boil 6 tablespoon in two glassfuls of
water for 15 minutes under low fire. Do not cover pot. Cool and strain. Take one third
cup 3 times a day after meals.

NAME: BAYABAS

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Psidium guajava

COMMON NAME: Guava, bayabas (Tagalog); guyabas (Iloko); Guava (English).

PHARMACOKINETICS: This fruits and leaves contain substances like tannin, saponins,
phenolic acids, flavonoids and catequinic components. This fruit can also be used as a
mouthwash to provide relief for gum infection and treat tooth decay. This exceptional fruit is a
great source of fiber, vitamin C, vitamin A, and other helpful substances that work as
antioxidants. Bayabas herbal medicine uses and preparation include using the fresh leaves for
cleaning wounds and relieving toothaches.

INDICATIONS: anti-diarrheal and antiseptic

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SIDEFFECTS: The Bayabas fruit is generally safe when taken in as food. However, there is no
sufficient information as to how safe it is to be used as medicine, especially in special cases.
For pregnant and breastfeeding mothers, eating the fruit is safe. However, do not use it as
medicine without your doctor’s orders.
PRECAUTIONS: Eating too much guava fruit may cause constipation
DOSAGE: May be taken 3-4 times a day
As gargle and for toothache – Warm decoction is used for gargle. Freshly pounded leaves are
used for toothache. Boil chopped leaves for 15 minutes at low fire. Do not cover and then let it
cool and strain.

HOW TO USE/ PROCESS OF USAGE: (PLEASE INDICATE STEP BY STEP)

Uses:
 For washing wounds
 For toothache
 For diarrhea
Preparation:
 Warm decoction is used for gargle.
 Freshly pounded leaves are used for toothache. Guava leaves are to be washed well and
chopped. Boil for 15 minutes at low fire. Do not cover pot. Cool and strain before use.

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NAME: YERBA BUENA

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Clinopodium douglasii

COMMON NAME: Peppermint

PHARMACOKINETICS: Yerba buena plant benefits mostly focus on analgesic or pain-
relieving properties. But because of its minty scent and cooling effect, it is often included in the
manufacturing of medicinal oil, soaps, and cosmetics. The aches that can be soothed by Yerba
buena include headaches, toothache, abdominal pains, menstrual cramps, and various types of
arthritis. In a study, the application of this herb in oil form was effective in treating headache.
Not only does this herb possess a cooling property, it can also improve blood flow.

INDICATIONS: for pain, cough, colds, nausea, dizziness, and pruritus

SIDEFFECTS: Yerba Buena as a medicinal herb can cause side effects on the digestive and
urinary systems. Side effects like heartburn and constipation may be made worse if Yerba Buena
is taken with alcohol.
PRECAUTIONS: Blood sugar levels should be monitored regularly. The native variety with
small bitter fruit is recommended

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DOSAGE:
Pain (headache, stomachache) – Boil chopped leaves in 2 glasses of water for 15 minutes.
Divide decoction into 2 parts, drink one part every 3 hours.
Rheumatism, arthritis and headache – Crush the fresh leaves and squeeze sap. Massage sap on
painful parts with eucalyptus
Cough & Cold – Soak 10 fresh leaves in a glass of hot water, drink as tea. (expectorant)
Swollen gums – Steep 6 g. of fresh plant in a glass of boiling water for 30 minutes. Use as a
gargle solution
Toothache – Cut fresh plant and squeeze sap. Soak a piece of cotton in the sap and insert this in
aching tooth cavity
Gas pain – Soak a handful of leaves in a lass of boiling water. Drink infusion.
Nausea & Fainting – Crush leaves and apply at nostrils of patients
Insect bites – Crush leaves and apply juice on affected area or pound leaves until like a paste, rub
on affected area
Pruritis – Boil plant alone or with eucalyptus in water. Use decoction as a wash on affected area.

HOW TO USE/ PROCESS OF USAGE: (PLEASE INDICATE STEP BY STEP)

Uses:
 For pain in different parts of the body as headache, stomach ache
 Rheumatism, arthritis and headache, Cough, cold, swollen gums, toothache, menstrual,
gas pain, nausea, fainting, insect bites and pruritus
Preparation:
 For pain in diff parts of the body, boil chopped leaves in 2 glasses of water for 15
minutes. Cool and strain.
 . for rheumatism, arthritis and headache, crush the fresh leaves and squeeze sap. Massage
sap on painful parts with eucalyptus.
 For cough and cold, get about 10 fresh leaves and soak in a glass of hot water. Drink as
tea. Acts as an expectorant.
 For toothache, cut fresh plant and squeeze sap. Soak a piece of cotton in the sap and
insert this in aching tooth cavity. Mouth should be rinsed by gargling salt solution before
inserting the cotton.
 For menstrual pain and gas pain, soak a handful of leaves in glass of boiling water. Drink
infusion. It induces menstrual flow and sweating.
 For nausea and fainting, crush leaves and apply at nostrils of patients.
 For insect bites, crush leaves and apply juice on affected part or pound leaves until paste-
like and rub this on the affected part.

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NAME: BAWANG

SCIENTIFIC NAME: Allium sativum

COMMON NAME: Ajos (Bisaya); garlic

PHARMACOKINETICS:
Cyclosporine, which belongs to a class of immunosuppressant, may interact with garlic. Taking
garlic together with this immunosuppressant might actually decrease the efficiency of the drug.
Consult with your doctor before taking garlic.
Contraceptive drugs containing estrogen. Studies show that garlic may increase estrogen
breakdown, rendering birth control pills to be ineffective at some point. If you are taking
contraceptives along with garlic, you may want to use additional forms of birth control.
Anticoagulant drugs. These types of drugs also interact with garlic. Garlic may slow down the
blood clotting process, so if you are using anticoagulants on the side, too, the chances of
bleeding and bruising might be relatively higher than usual.

INDICATIONS: Fresh cloves, capsules for lowering blood cholesterol levels;

antiseptic.

SIDEFFECTS: Burning sensation in the stomach or mouth, bad breath, gas, heartburn, nausea,
diarrhea, body odor, may increase risk of bleeding allergic reactions and skin irritations.
PRECAUTIONS: Avoid taking with medicines for lowering blood sugar, and
medicines for thinning blood. Dosage must not exceed 6-8 cooked cloves a day.
Stomach ulcer may develop if garlic is eaten raw

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DOSAGE:
For high blood pressure
Garlic tablets. 300mg to 1500mg, may be used in divided doses daily for at least 24 weeks.
Garlic powder tablets. 2400mg taken as one dose or 600mg daily for at least 12 weeks.
Garlic extracts (in capsule). 960mg to 7200mg used in divided doses daily for at least 6
months.

For high blood cholesterol

Aged garlic extract. 1000mg to 7200mg used in divided doses daily for at least 4 months.
Garlic powder tablet. 600mg to 900mg taken in divided doses daily for at least 6 weeks.
Other garlic powder products. 300 mg taken twice daily for at least 12 weeks.

HOW TO USE/ PROCESS OF USAGE: (PLEASE INDICATE STEP BY STEP)

Uses:
 Anti-helminthic (used to expel parasitic worms.)
Preparation:
 Seeds of niyug-niyogan are eaten raw two hours before the patient’s last meal of the day.
 Adults may take 10 seeds; children 4 to 7 years of age may eat up to four seeds only; ages
8 to 9 may take six seeds and seven seeds may be eaten by children 10 to 12 years old.
 Not to be given to children below four years old.

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