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Double dot product t= oy 6:8) ) *{ Ee tess be) Scanned with CamScannerGr Tee © 818) ¢ C SKS) Cij Tee See Sik | : | | Vin = (SF ty 66): (Sew Ewe sr) = Timp f COS) + Ce 60) cies i @Qv = Td 6 si . Sy sy ca ¥ Tij Ve Se COj- Se) a = Ug: Vi Se Sie aie el = Vist SS ty vy be WY op a best we yy Scanned with CamScannerRRR RR Ty 681) «f seve.) 7 t=xV = Tg Ve Cy pe Be Se Daa 1 Scanned with CamScannera chests ve oe ibherentian operators in eankican, cooY ete Day ve i = ah S12) Se 2 8: 3 axe, ie = Gradient ob scatay:- eine Fifa $3) - VS = 8, 08 62 25 Sg 9S aL Cy a! +|| Guadvent off veetoy "fs 6.2 Vf \ Cee) BV = (2%) be 8) | SAcond order tensor Tod if + || Divergence | tn ViV= ( orn 1 XS ax J T ee = y_2M Ho fae vss ow | es Scanned with CamScannerMf be x8) cy ax wy 2¥5_ erie Be Gr se | oo. ia Maxi = | Ge) chee se i “ v. \; \ E as i al i ivexgense oh _tensoy :~ vie ee) Ser ct Ww ae a, 7 = aTie | C884) be 7 ae eee ] a ey sie ate by ae) Fa Sepet | BPs sy (yu a ar se ate I TS ae ater ) = | FE CamScannerLaptactan ot w.VV\S £2 oe = BMe C8: 81) Be 6 lake <> 3a Se: Byae Ea v: 22ve ge a, wo = Ws ey ke Uae et Scanned with CamScannerSisgicte crt ee rc ae JS classmate ate Pa 4 qq Wish = We. 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Rte bev BVH = V.viww ce) s = \o7.v [3 Vise = vs |B Uist =-Us.F 4 s&V-T] 7 Cv) = [Ov ws ed aa Scanned with CamScannerz ¥ w= YCosh = sine 2=Zz v= jerry > = Zz Z=2 » 2 ~ cose 2 (sing \ 2 (0) 2 de 7 (Gs Je az 2. sip [cme\ co 3y a | Ux J ve az Ay Ne 69 V2) (0) (o) 2 ee VY 26 vz X@y 2) = vor ez (eR ss fee) ty fan fas Cex Aye rr J 9,2\ >» yx ee hz (> he p29) fz ez Tne Oey y= [ees ye Scanned with CamScannerO = tans en eal R= y cote | De 4 oe = 4 (= cosecto) g2 28 == Sino Sin? sine J — i = Sere sig el 9.2 + ¥8ino ¥ L—| ae Pt 4 oF aie q ” - Sz, 7 i Pet y 7 L pbx C039 Sz + Sine Sy + (02.8z Se = C-Sing) fe + cme sy + C0) S% Sz = (Se + (0) Sy + Bz 7 4 Se = Sx C By, fp, Sx) Sy= Sy C 82, be, &2) &z= Sz C Sy, 80, Sz) iW 28 _ a ae _ 28z | a By a7 iW ae. 260 _ sy _?84 | 3e 2e DB | Sight abe _ 2Sz = aa = i 3z Scanned with CamScanner= vsinpcoup = ¥Gin8 sin ri ¥ Cote v= [x24y2 427 8 = tan (Gay) S25 Sx C8¥, 86, 8) Sy= Sy CBr, Be, 69) &= Sz (8s, 86, 84) = Sy Scanned with CamScannerFn in portant pamts:- Vii = Vew + Vowe + vawe vxwe= |] & as a Ye Vg wr We We i | Ur Men te |_ —______ &-CV¥xw) =] eye CJ We We wz 7 j ea eee Sm fPQ tre tre qd eo eee ee Tes | tee J cl [me | oe J Cl G = Sy Tey H SeolTow + Fz tev +? Sor tre \t Obe Tex + Sz Tze t | eifete + Uze Tox + Sz Tez | | tae an oe ol Dot product off tuso_tenso¥ t- [ Tre tex | SF = | Ge Wo Ge Tox Sr Soe oz | * Tor Teo Tez } Say Sze woz | eee Tze tee | = ( CesTas + So tort Cx tay) & Sor 2 + ( Ser Tre + Se Too + Oz Teo) SeeEee 7 9 @lements (sar Tex + Seo Coz + 20x) xf Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerGeneras Ye = _[ cone: gr Pfopetne | Za Za - vz (az = ~8 far a J ze r [ waa ecn- (22-21) Peas t aa E | out = Wxlerez | z z+e0z =—— Scanned with CamScannerWeteyag XL Wie Sa) re observer Stationary. Catutate chan: ceateats 2 oat Coat aer- a7 at Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerNess) ae 6 classmate 2) et Ib Fe [= g a ie ib At tugn\ CRel>> we can approx, =o >} = 4 TXT ig constont otong a stream tne Cho 2 ond teady plow) t= constant SSSR af Ib W=0 fer away prom hody it Should ibe yo near th. ody. So. xtrety i Zero exyushexe to timer fete >| uso & f= +) uch kind off plow of cdeal flu 1=0 con. 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Example (Staron en wat ev Beach sand, — Coan plowr, sugow solution Viscoplastrat= minimum steeds To Needed, to caune the low = t+ u(t” Lk n=1 Bingham Plastre > Toothpate zi = Sewase sludge. : = gnaviag oream fom RFA, Yietd proudaplastic := Scanned with CamScannerond hence s+ Scanned with CamScannerclassmate p ty t Date Topre 8. Velocity dretrburon in Lamine® Flow os = lecular) — mole: Accumulation (Se if ss mberba Tey = urd Li Vai = Vyn Ve Weer Weyr = Rupe . 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Aoaleg4 in heat tronsser- Ta Te ae ie cee eee Se eee ae Pe ir = ee = bree plow Veo = -kKCAT | — KON T) : theo frat = i P= eo * ce — Cao eee Intespoce flux Trlyeo = —D 2a) = Dao ty Tuse Ot a Tatjen = Cao [-P T : _Jart | 7 4 Scanned with CamScannerclassmate. 7 choffusppsto--— and the mecho| — Topic S- Thexmal gonduckivity So Tome S: Thermal sondusieny oT oe ot Y Y= Prendth « Py= Momentum Lubbuas ry ty Thermal cubes ity Re. Py = Pe = Peotet Nurmbey Scanned with CamScanner| 2 ppece| Tire. Reducad temp Te = oi engity to & m& \CMHass x 1074) Tim oT Re fox monatomic Goseq molead oy we ignt Temperature Ck) Lennard. = Tomes nstont CRI Ne = Colligion Integral 62 thermal canduetiv demenaion Lens: big wy function, of KTS» galte man _comats © 1 1 Time nana etorstre enesgy Lennard Tomes ean Scanned with CamScannerdeg a iménas Thesmal Conduati vr k=-20 CA/G) 8 bk Vs Volume molecate, Scanned with CamScannerTepic c, Tempesature dustnbutions in solrda & veetor CE) t= ». com dyetion te: eat goruree’ gondiation _uxth chemreal heat gouse Scanned with CamScanner[ee rere ES a I I i Se= ad T= current Ke ke = clectric conduetivity Se= heat generation, / volun Id Out + genevatron = Acc? GP arid, — Coram rsas + C2RVATI) Se =O PL TTT a ee duvide by 2n ay and. seme OY —> 0 uum _ Cv Vletor -y¥ Vly) = se oro ax di (vo) = (ser PAS ayy | qe Sev ey z ¥ Scanned with CamScannerA. Maximum tempeyatuve “¢ af r=0) [Gee eS SRY ak Scanned with CamScannerCreeezrdle — (mR? ez Jevaz tC R24z) So = devide bj AR20z ond 4% —>0 ezizrazs 7 Cz lz az Scanned with CamScanner Falfom ee cupstenge, Scanned with CamScannerWHaX Geis WH = Ulorae WH =O Ve = Ve \Pouvrer's. Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScanner6 classmate : Newton’ 9 Ths tne heat plow ®&e 3/6) [= uct] = [ae coca] UF overatt heat transpen coshbicrent (a Bee ej eee woke ne @ Heat conductren, with a viscous heat Souxcent— QR P Te Ve RR PLN oe | a CET faye mpl Pe a Vez Botonce - = (we ee dle = CWL Ce) Jetan = © H DSi ee=eonstant =o TA Labeot t Foes a Lp yah Ns ee 2 tT (OED) ery Scanned with CamScannertusit Cx = Txz Vz + Vx 5 Vez V2 + Ge = S22 Qx= -k AT Taz = = ove de Aly; v. Kk AT =o ~ ste du ‘ i ve= Wwf x) Ge) v er aes ale |e eee / a, T 5 a ae TS Tf ws ein oy ETRE © _ a 7. > [es = To Bes at = 0 TS Te Gr-%) = -'f wu) five \> x? £2 », erg seaey ee E Bee ot) X= b = / emote tef uv )f vey ari - Sb CET et 2 kb C=) k CRW Hs (Ne\* b b asVe Sere [fy ws b= cnet] : Looe eee Scanned with CamScannercide by CT) Te) “ony by vsecus dissipation. @ P22 volume P Heat transport vy omduetien (volume Scanned with CamScanneroF Curr) |, QF Grit a)? reay + Sn4nrov=o 47 at a ay So YUE bear - 1? 4h Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScanner 2 et At v=0 Fa ye + moo E geo pt rape are ae cal Sno [ ee ee 2 jf REX a OF = ‘ste Rel yi] weal 1 [ey | ee | = en Sno [ pe me _ |: 1 : gre) © eet | Sirens [ee 11 es | a Ut vp e MF = Ler dice 1 \qyew -— ke dir® i” oe oF PS > Pours s6ssT Laie LC Rear sa [x bere) a C+ x ae : As Rees, J a la } wad Pee cre eed eke f a Cee gi 7 - = - San | ‘ TCS 13 oy Ore ee =o a j KF Lye aaeo d= a) = ‘ 3A awd a al Te.= Snes b | Re 4 ofp | ooclassmate. oa bon GTe=Te) + CTe—Te= CTT — © Ber at F=RE @ Bey ok = RE Wwe Q 2 @ to get CTE=“T*) Te fon [or Lee ote? Ft tusng Go eed a egn(b) — egre) [re t= Sm f,, 3 pyeenfet) Be | are UL = J ¥ fe Using © inca) J =i ~ Sno Wf Re™ be ORE) ae pel « RFe a0 J ean =) eanG) | 7a 1 Tears Smee | F <¥\ Ge eee) ee OT a OT] roo r 5 ee Go + nh) > FAT = She REP 2) ey fy] Pe SS tet Sno RF P 2 BRE Lit s+} a Scanned with CamScannerLAER \ 1 Key ‘ Carx amr) yo Crk 2R4L yea E10 po \ AG) _ et ay i 1 . \ \ VW =e 4s = \eonstone °'*" -V kate reg CT -T) = Uv COU) KC Vee) ay Fro T-Te = envi gay, Fin Tz -% = 4n %lve 9, Fos ews WH arn Faq Tet = We Wye hu CTy-%) Tu - TH = WW = Goro i Ay hay Gy = Vo% Scanned with CamScannerclassmate, 7 Add the terms | Lnn I Wiles Bi Tu = Te = to fy t tative, ars Feat bay ce hove Koa B= Ux an %eL = 2b (Ta-T) * Qy = UoXx 27%. UC Ta ~T) ERe leet ‘i t ' ' en Talay = : y Uo Fo huty hoo kay ! eS StL ton (pNP iO, of x anu lute] [oe S& a: Le huty) 230 i 1 eg fF tn VIVi-1 t Px heot Uo A AK . ene hoAe P\Gz, PTL Kian tu ay | cuchonges Scanned with CamScannerclassmate, Tere 1, The equations sk change ped = aw ayoz 2 4 ov24 eG) (2+ 20} Cewie - ee jerax) ayaz + COyry —exlvray) axaz + Cezix ~ CAlztaz) Oeay + £ axay oz C Vedu + Way + Yx9z) 3 cp OF -¥.% - CPT -\o woe \ Or Dt ] rant } OF i is i im Simputreation = A y | | cook G for teat! aa 2Ctnp) aa | — = a > Cn) | Pop oT Eg?t De | Dt OE aed a vem Pourier'S tan | Cased Pressyse Constant | a 1 fp OT _ kv2r of Scanned with CamScannerDt ve : Veo pcty =o fee for eld eye Use va} ky? aT : LE se ver | Pure condueions case i Seme ‘equation, take from, append Bu Qed: Equation, of. energy wns ugvilineas coorainare t= EE o\ ee ee Neat wr ese: 22a] = ef 2 7, ary) ios$2FAT 4p 2edneln 0d, th pee thin uu pe. 82k > constont _2 Newtonion fluid Equation of change, por non. - isothermal sg-stems i= éontinucty 1 Vivo motion: 2a oy = vb = yt Cherced eonvectren) feo Dy = -vh- ot + fob CT-To) Ge (ilatuxat eonveetion) Scanned with CamScannerAssumptinn i= Vz = Vz (vd Ve. sz cut peal pez) I Thermophydicat properties Gre nifoat. T=TCUZD nt ecy ae pon Cp rw) p 2 C£Vve) continusty oy 413. f Rss ain. Sz 5 EO: & saticpred, aati Equations” of “motion ~, " a © component = aP so ae 3=_eemponent = 2P po 2 71 1 Z= Component: = 7 9 [ave ave Vo av) ve We) 2p (et * VW Y 36 = oz Scanned with CamScanner£8 flax aves Dion ot) eet aye Zp mel ae eNO Tt [am as AT te ae oF ; T Conan a, viscous Guat axection — tsupaton Séevedt _ & Af Ory ory] dz te ee - Vea Namon ff 1)? \v Ve, Poveed and free Conveebrey t- i 4 4. Forced, Convection’. Vo Scanned with CamScannerNu= 1022 Re pra | UW CRe, Px) ony Ay Difus Rotter .% & Nu = 0-664 Re? Pra 24 0,6 Rel Py'S Scanned with CamScannerSNP = ve + fh eR ete- DI t ot | Ov BE PRAY EF fo QC T-To) yin y. pv) bt ot nt to 9 A at emake less obfective Gr= Boyaney force | viscous ferce Nws f Cor, PD \ Gu'=, FB OT 0743. Buoyancy torce a Viserts poree, Scanned with CamScannerRay terry number CRa) =. Gru Py Richardson, Nuarber CRi) sey Ri = Gy _ Buoyancy force i Re? Inertia force casei =, Bien “Gro ‘or Reo Pu: cases _Ro=0 acer Gr=0, « Re>® Purely gor cect, aonvectieny sto 3 io ee capetiip RE=4L mited, Conve ation . ) e 1 Notusal donvection between tyro vertical plates 2 Ss ingrartety a long. plete. wary gfeer er er) wa | oz [mee oye zy Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerBe's ot Vz = vz CW . de 9 ve = mae =8 on (Poyedy=o become no net pour ia X_duveek became buoyancy force = viscous force ans dv. Peal art} dy? we @ wave gener [ yo) ay eee wa feet [ y2 | oy 4 ool | Saou ue a Bou t uO Er = 88 CBs + C; _ Ore Ben ee +e C220 Cys 63, rae v= fepere [ (4 8 (¥)] ral c G Scanned with CamScannerTopic &. Diftusivity and meenansm of Transher Fick's Law i Ta= ~Baa dca az if fediony Combined flux = Diffusive flux + convective flux | Nas Tat dea CNa+Na) | Pure dithuaive cause, (2 Diture solutions , *a=0 Gh Counter, debfusion, Na= -N@ In__an. evaporating system, if Naso C stognant) Na= Tat Xana Na CI Xa i=) - Dag dea dey Na = —Dagc dx | | Ci-*ad az Scanned with CamScannerclassmate. sry Sol Tae + gonsentranoy gremautionty sated () pe) Aepic.9 3 eee in Laminar fie Sneit mass —polance ter fut Liguid A masd in ~ SNalz — SNalz+az = 0 | dua _ q_[_-Dae c dea] - 0 1 o. dz] I dz az [ Ci-%a) t 1 d?xa 0 Ci- tad dx 1 dza = Ca Ci- ead dz = tnCt-xa = ZX + 62 | G2=—-—MNkp Cl-2ad = KHz ko Scanned with CamScanneree al Spe: Goya eon 0 (62.9 zai flue ot tne tatertace, 7 A Nalzezp = 1 C Pag d xa] is Crea) 2 (ee, E Nalzsz, = ¢ Daw dee Ren dz Scanned with CamScannerbegs 2 f en \ EE axe . [mes Ras ze Me, 2S 1 P%e] tl xe [ian fxa2)] » 22 Iza, Ural Cone ( %e2.) t C22-21) Rar Jone =! | Nalz=z,= _ C Daw (xg2-xeJ | (z.-20) aun Diffusion wrth heterogeneous ienucal reacti Reaction, 2a —> 8 e A Edge ob hyasthetical ttm PS To Ta BM eres is Nezeo 1 aNe 18 (@ecouse 2 moter of A tormed one mote o B ond jus are en, opposite diveeron) Bolance en trim slab ol thickness dz 3. Nalz Si NaletaziS + 0-50 J : - ae JV watzone dal op 2 ut az Scanned with CamScanner= ~C Ong ae, ene wz Na = = Cong req | TEA na) ea), NaS = Cag Dm G- *% hy >= df eg oxn f= ~ 24 Ct- ale) = Crz ten Bel ~* Of 2=0. A = LA . au geo: ot 2=6 | xn =f G=-2 Wk @a= -2tnk | ask = Bot — Xap) = He ie anal) Be Be ts KB. ko | y= keV (aoa Aone | _¢ + = a + eee a ef = xiaou concentration “profile. Plure, at the _tabestace t= = \- cong > da | Nalz= Ci-xalad >= bers Scanned with CamScanner| | Nalzeg = 2¢ Dae yn t ) | t Tremere, | Ditpusion, unth homogeneous chenvieal Regetion:- | et Sere 0G Fate = _kyCa Gos & RS ee Se nae Te pe [ ; Nee - aud ' a Balance over thin, tndor_of ob _tnicxness a2- 2 | Ph cnx ae NaSlz ~ NaS lzvax + C842 =0 divided by SOz and az—>0 “pire [_Naletaz — Nate ar exe | re a Scanned with CamScannerHilda aa Inssmaes dina IN a az fh Onion eo aes ee ear ae Po [oe ee Ao Na= ~Dag dca ~ 7 43 : ) 2, Da ain Kita = 0 L Bz Bea At Z=0 Cae Cao we eco At Z=b , Naso oy 2cal 3 = 3er : pra Kr tro 3G = [Dea eno) x easy, YO ce Tarete nedetuni=s Kage of hemcel Rate of cukbus ton | eden Ge tence oom ie One ] Ge tes Gebel Ao j = ey i] r= Crcosnco yg) + C2sinh Cp F) Pom ® CreL Get dP _ cr sinh GFg, ercon (OFIxg =O 1G Scanned with CamScannerC2 Cath $=o C2 => Sih Cosh} T= cosncd ye) — (sinh sinh C corne ya f= cosh dci-€) Cosng Seal eno Fz —— dz, coshd Cte a/iJaz sind Cra 29 coh b @APFREL vtaarg af \tawnd Cae e Naiz=o = - Dag 2¢a ; tz |z=0 = Pag Ceo sino Cr zie eCh led “ cosh eae \ One Cho $ tanhd & Scanned with CamScannerclassmate ate Page Dittusion. sit a tidm_C Gap atsceo ptron) $2 Seallung —faen C-Gran Labbsenecten) A_forced, Conreetiim. prob Bae x ef a on = t : rl 3 a — jw wae x6 Velocity prople in a pitm Va= (24 SP cosh xy Cutest fay] val wren \[ 4 Mars _balanee on A (naz wari, ~ (Naz W Ox) le+az + (Nae W02Ik —Cnacw az)),5° Divide by Wazdz and 4% to Ag 0) Naz aNAr oy _@ Bz Be Scanned with CamScannerO2==0 4+ Nez) * Nag = — Ona 228 xa _C Naz 3Z ary Mode of M: Naz = V2 Lr convection primary tL tn zedeeoton] Vz = Vax) Naz = Vz6eCa 2). - ° Wine == Onl! Den) MnjCteear Ree) ——t Pb v ary mode a Nax = Dag 2a : ss ee £ = direction . ® t Put eqgn@ 24 eg?® ca eg@ : / \ VeCe 20a - Opp 27% ez ip x? rt * ae \ Ve max 8 [ve (2 \2) 260 = Dag 2° i NBT 2 q 2 J Res. At _Z=0 Cas Cao + 2. At x=0 a= Ho ¥ & ices SCAG A. 4 Te l { ions : ! | | oe \ ] I - Assume ‘upstance pene'pote only | smate _datone | t } Cho : ! Veron, 1 Do mes Scanned with CamScannera Recies A Sees enly max velocity . Vz mex 4 a. Species does not sense wat w= 6 ~ fiton sh tapinite thickness: ) Namax cn: | Bag Ba Den 1. Dag 22¢n are Se in Bak Bo8: as wes muéano 9 Halyee 2 ¥| i { x (reve oa ee [cre el PT a Nax|x=so = ~ Dag 2Ca ae Naz iz=0 | = 3 One Cao. t Tf Png \Z Vana [Naele=o =f Gro Dag V2 max | wz ! fe at x=0 was ("Ch dedy | Tne I \ Scanned with CamScannerThi us tyiby © Digiuivity of Dags 00018503 T22 N Ma MB P Sig Done 1A i Dag = _diktusivity, cm lsee, T = Temperature _K ‘ Mas Mp = molecutoy weight of A&B P= Pressure nc f Sig = ebhective cottusion tian A l Rong = Coltision tategrat fil RRA) =x! nat solr Vena J \ KE Roltzmans costae © = Lennard £Tenda _t5 constant: ene=_[Ghee L | cd Daa X Tee One 4 a | Unstéty transport t- + Unsteady" momentunn transport? $ 4 * Uneteady “peat transpere v + _Unekeady moss _trancpert |» {uu y sa | i \- { | Unsteady momentum, transport i ee Scanned with CamScannerScanned with CamScannerclassmate. yoo | To + 4 + | j BCLs At_y=o pete OF oY Dimensiontess temp) 0 =[T-T ) Saat ee BO.t=4 at Yao 1 Bagi At yz T=-% wi, 6tat =o a n= @ DQ yt yer At tso , 6g) =0 To yao oO= ys Saat Barn eye] Heat lux at interface i- Velyeo = -K at = kCh-h) ' en Vrxt_ Scanned with CamScannerpuimotar, ctégpuaiom 8 DB? ca \s Rick's deaond, li y? wr. i PaCene profrte interfaces- Naigeo = — Dag aca az Scanned with CamScannerLoteiphose Transport t- Momentum transport Heot transport Moss transport momentum (1) Internags tow t= Wb Ho a Tw = 7 hohe eu a J+ @ f= 1 (0) Che ADR a 4 EIN 7 2 f= flee -\ s Re= fovs,) ae, f= te Laminay tour Re < 2100 4 Re f= 01079 kee por Bt X10% < Re <_10F q 1 i wi «Smo ‘pe. =o) F = 0+ 06 Re momentum Gd Gxtev. :: SC Scanned with CamScannerCoz Fora ¥ { steve Go = -2y, Re hevwood number :- Ke Ong 0664 Rele Pris 01023 Re" Ga! A _ Interface transpoxt CpG Bure. transport Scanned with CamScanner+023 Ree PI pg Re Tu = 0-023 we-0-2 Mass transgey Sh= 01023 Reo? goa Stanton, number se = sy ike : Rese Ty= St 5.78 T= 0-023 Re~8'2 : 1 Q@_Reynotds anatogy { + - Stee When Pr=Sc= 1 = @ Prat carpurn MArgtogy : | Ta = FS 9-022 Ren? z @ creeton cotbery anatogy t= Ta = Iu = t x @ Fiat prares- Co if a) Ofsley Remar 2 2 Alussezt Number nws 0-664 Rell? Py"3 Tue sepr%s = 0-664 Re Scanned with CamScannerherood Number 0.664 Rell? sellz 0-664 Re “V2 Energy batance for Turbutent Pours Cf. Ur!) 2 Ctcpyyt)) [od pep vel Thy 8 tox 3s uf ( heat tae, turbulent) Scanned with CamScanner £Ce oF kw v2t + uw gy bt Por( at , vot \= Pepfa?t ve 2T , WAT, vy 27 ) rae Ure ae + ay at gift OE ON fowls (2%) of 2) fo) om? 3 ze] ae Uayt ay The ] Vet JC Ve + Ve'd bp a VRAr! T=) P= Ct+7) wy = CW +) | ws Cite) | we We 1 Time. averaging of energy equatim 1p (27 [rcromet) « 2CreyP) , 2 Ctr) | (ae a _ azclassmate ate es (oa eae eae eS aT, ave Hef pep | ” (25), C7 } [of ave avy} Dus avs! Sug Duy. } See) rar aie el [eas = =7- [9% Gtjeul py + oe) Turhutent heot flux Ge = Pep vet! = kt dT > ae Gy = pep ute = -EeaT qe We Pep wry Met dT az | Pep OF + MBvi0 GY + Gt) + wo Or + bot) ot y= —( 6 cp 2 | ave) aT e [ay 1] ay Comparing aie Ve) 4 # ag J Terbutent thermal conductivity 0. ats KE = Turbutent_sthermat. eppusivity, Pep =vg?- dVeS di property of tid ¢ Property: of How Ty= Gy + Gi = -Ce +e) dT = — Pcp (x +a) aT dy ay Scanned with CamScannerEquation . of 0 la C_component mass patance) Jaz Wee ie eee et = Pte let oe Ze 3 - - eran consrdey_c1 og pructu: N ND Rote of im aS x ae Te ote “ fax = Newleran S¥O% 1 imilarty at _y and, 6 dadrtion = UWyly ox oz 1 Removal) = Niylytay OX Simitorty\ “at iz Cong ) z+ az addition = Aezlz dx oy Removab= Mzlz+ az Ox ay Rote of production of i ty reaction = (Hi azayan) Rote of accumintotren = - ?f @xayaz) De mass balance =n) CNinfz — Aizleraz) ayor + CAigiy - Mizlyray )dxaz ¢ (Aiz- Wafeus) bray + iC Oxoyoz) = afi Axaoy oz at ~ Scanned with CamScannerPee ere eer eee ere eee ere er eee eee eee eee eee clissmate. et Pe Givide by Oxeyez at ax, ay, az —>0 \ B Pie (2nrv6. ane ane: ‘ ey. Pnez ; at Be 3y “+ a HH =s_=[v.nij +e _N Compined mass flue -'ne= Jp + £.V—> convective moss flux. Ls motecutar mass plum of = (v.G;) - C9) + ¥% Bt Sum over Nn Component af . =v. py consevvation, of mass at It f= “tonstont mwv=0 £f aw sUudgauy) 29-9 ig + "Ve TV CWev) = ViVwi + we tv) $f au bp edg) + Ve et Binary system + v Scanned with CamScannerance ii Lay unt :~ 4 2Ci _ — (v-ne? + Re 4 ot y LCombined motay flue Nis J;* + Civ" —> Convective molar flux Les pettusis us ves Saw N en ei aa ci tr 2 = fy. 7%) = Co. te; PIR: at um over Ni Components ny ae 26. -( vy. cfr Rt CNo of motes not consesved) Bt If C= Coastont Vt = SRE Wig Ce. #- Ci CV VAD oct = —~( 7.5") -C vA. ge +O 7-WAD + Ri at 30 fcr ak bY 77 -TEl p Rire C6 toe tte o Binary. system. wTa* = =0ag 72CA Dea — Ona Vat Ram Ca CRatRe): Dt c ‘ Scanned with CamScannermotor frastion, poms Cc O8: = = C Omg V?x4 + Ra — XaCRA+t RA) co ~ = 0 Ong V2x%_ + CzaRa —XARa) Binary system with zero velouty and no ren: Ota = Ona v2a + (ea = f ca’ (Ratha) € té Bea 2 - = Dae 92¢, oOo YA A 2Ca _ One V2¢a ot Pure cit ruusi re seas e, © _In_sotunte > Q@_stotronary Wquid, ©) Pauimotor aitusi GM MaMa emcnee es @ _Ditute zolurreny Prob 2 e_ syst own in prguure, Scanned with CamScanner2 C Ve Ca) aCVY Cad acuz Ca) 7 ay. az a2 cq a rE Scanned with CamScanner2CTr+en) _ oa at Sp tte Cater) a Ge vysrcEatGe) 3 avy Geu ze FF az 22C&te) Dez PCH 4G) PCTr+ Gad Tye sae AD 20GG) 2 (ae 24 dz Che + Pag’) 2b, ee at *a Scanned with CamScanner