Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GOOD MANNERS
J.C.HILL
Introduction
Good manners is an essence from John C. Hill's (1888-1943) book titled 'An
social behaviour. J C Hill was born into a comfortable middle-class family and
acquired his education at Horrow and Trinity College. He became a priest and
Manner is a method of doing things, a way of acting towards others, and the author
provides us an account of excellent manners and ideals that are fading in today's
society.He emphasises the significance of moral ideals and good manners as aspects
of one's personality
Good Manners
J. C. Hill
TEXT
There was once a young man who was strong and healthy and enjoyed his work. In
every way he felt on top of life, and had no sympathy for the uninteresting folk who
seemed to form such a large proportion of the population. One day he got an attack
of influenza. He had had it before and paid little attention to it, but this time he
developed pneumonia and was dangerously ill. When he recovered he could only
move slowly. He was easily tired and life became difficult for him. When he was well
enough to go to work he found the journey home very trying. He looked at the young
Good Manners
men sitting comfortably in the train or bus, and he was feeling tired himself, he
noticed how tired some of the older people who were standing beside him looked.
Gradually he got strong again, but when he was in a train or bus he now looked
round to see if there was any older person in need of a seat, and if there was he gave
up his. 'I've got my strength back now,' he said to himself; ‘these older people will
When you are cycling and see an old man hesitating on a crossing, don't call him an
old fool. He may not hear very well, or he may not see clearly, or he may have become
tired with walking. Perhaps he was a famous soldier in the War and his wounds are
still painful, or perhaps he has an artificial leg. One day you may go to a war and be
severely injured. What will you think if schoolboys make fun of you because you can
One of the things all boys and girls are going to learn before very long is that they are
fragile little things in a dangerous world. Your parents and your teachers and all
older people have had some severe blows already. They get more severe blows every
year. Most of them would give all the money they have to get your health and
strength, your good teeth and nice hair. You have no idea how tired they are at times,
but because they do not complain you think everything is all right. Well, try to make
life easy for them so far as you can, and when it is your turn to suffer you will feel
Good manners are also important when you are with your own friends. When you
speak to anyone, speak clearly and sufficiently loudly for the person to hear. It is an
insult to a person to ask his attention and then speak so that he does not understand
American writer called Thoreau said, 'It takes two to speak the truth-one to speak,
and another to hear.' This is a very the truth important saying, and it would save a
Good Manners
great deal of argument and annoyance in life if people paid attention to it. “It takes
two to speak the truth.' You cannot speak the truth by saying what think is the truth.
You have to express it differently for different people. To some people 'socialism'
means taking money from those who have money and giving it to those who have
none. To other people, ‘socialism' means State control of industry and commerce. To
others we cannot tell a man ‘the truth about socialism' until you know what he
understands by the term to you say, 'I believe in socialism', and he understands that
you mean you believe in robbery, you must not be surprised if he takes a dislike to
you; and if that is not what you mean, you did not speak the truth. If a man says to a
friend, ‘Good morning, Mr. A.', and the friend replies, 'It's not a good morning at all,
Sometimes people ask very tiresome questions and we like to make a joke about it.
Are you a Boy Scout?' said a lady to a boy wearing shorts, a jersey with badges, a
Scout's hat, and carrying a Boy Scout pole. “No,' said the little fellow, I'm two eggs on
toast.' The lady only meant, however, 'How nice you look in your uniform; that is the
Scout uniform, isn't it?' and there was really nothing silly in her remark.
It is only stupid people who take remarks too literally, as we say; that is, who do not
look for the real meaning in the statements people make. Thus, when a friend says,
'You will not be going past the post office, will you?' he may mean, 'I should be
grateful if you would post a letter for me if it is not too much trouble. If you say 'No'
to the question because you are not going past the post office, it means to your friend
that you are not willing to go out of your way even a little to oblige him.
It is not always easy in company to speak frankly, and if you don't want to be
considered a bad-mannered person, you have watch constantly for signs. It is not
easy, for example, to listen to long to any one person. Try in company to take only a
fair s of the conversation. If there are two of you, take half of it. W you have said a
Good Manners
little, keep quiet, and give your friend a chance say something. If he does not talk, he
probably does not want you to talk either. Many a young man or woman talks away,
thinking the company is delighted to hear him or her, and everyone is really
Don't think you can say unpleasant things about someone behind his back and not be
found out. It is surprising how the remarks usually find their way to the person with
your name watched, so to speak. Whatever you say, always assume that the person
may overhear, and adjust your remarks accordingly. All experienced people act in
this way.
Now here is one of the most surprising things in life: no man really understands
himself. What a lot of argument and anger we should be saved if people would only
understand this! Suppose, for example, you saw a motor accident and were giving
evidence about what happened. You would feel perfectly confident, perhaps, that the
car which knocked the boy over was a blue car; another person would be equally
confident that it was a grey car; and someone else that it was a black car.
Experiments are sometimes made by experts to find out how many errors people do
make in their statements. Here is one experiment which was tried. Some students at
a university were shown on a screen a picture of a bull-fight. They were then asked to
write a short account of what they had seen. When this was finished they were told to
put a number on every statement made—1. if they thought so; 2. if they were fairly
sure about it; 3. if they were quite sure and 4. if they were prepared to swear to the
statement on oath. Every student had at least ten per cent errors in the statements he
was prepared to swear to an oath, and considerably more than ten per cent in all the
other groups.
Now how does this happen? Here, for example, was one mistake. A student saw the
bull having its tongue out. He was quite sure about it. Yet when he was shown the
Good Manners
picture again, he saw that the bull's mouth was closed, but that, because its head was
turned to the side, the ear looked like the tongue. So whenever you are arguing with
someone about a point, remember that there is quite a good chance that you are
Good manners come from having sympathy with others and understanding our own
limitations. “The truth' is too big for any one of us to understand. “The truth' as we
see it is only our truth and part of a larger truth. We should always realise that we are
humble, unimportant little people on this earth and try to help the world as much as
we can in our short time here. ‘I expect to pass through this world but once. Any
good, therefore, that I can do, or any kindness that I can show to any fellow creature,
let me do it now. Let me not defer or neglect it, for I shall not pass this way again.'
-J.C.Hill
GLOSSARY
Gave up – Abandoned
Wounds – Injuries
Annoyance – displeasure
Exhausted – Tired
Assume – Suppose
Account – Description
Swear to an oath – To promise publicly that you are telling the truth
Jersey – Knitted woollen or cotton clothing with long sleeves and no buttons for the
Defer – delay
Good Manners
Neglect – No due consideration/attention
Summary
This essay good manners starts with story of a young man. He was strong and
healthy and loved his work. He felt on top of the world in every sphere of life. But at
the same time he had absolutely no sympathy for the people around him. He holds
the opinion that the people around him are dull and boring people. One day he fell
ill. He was down with influenza which eventually developed into pneumonia and was
bed-ridden. Even after recovering from his illness, he became very weak and frail. He
could hardly walk and would easily get tired. It became extremely difficult for him to
manage his life smoothly. When he joined his work he found the journey home very
painful and tiresome. He observed that strong and healthy young men sitting
comfortably in the train or bus. He saw that the old men standing near him were very
tired and helpless. The incident of falling ill and feeling helpless changed him
completely. His illness changed his perception of seeing things around him. He
became strong again but with a new vision and attitude. He became humble, kind
and considerate. He used to offer his seat to anyone else in the train or bus. He said
that he had got his strength back after illness but the older people would never get it
back.
In another instance, author gives an account why we should be humble and polite
with old fellows. When we see an old man stopping or moving unsteadily on a
crossing, we should not call him an old fool. There may be some reasons like he may
have his powers of hearing or seeing damaged or weakened due to old age or he
Good Manners
might have got tired with walking. It is possible that he was a famous soldier in the
war and his wounds are still painful to him. Or he might be having an artificial leg. It
is also possible that anyone of us might have to fight in a war in the future and we
could be badly wounded. It is therefore bad and unwise to make fun of those who
walk slowly.
Young generation doesn’t to what extent our teachers, parents and all the older
people might have suffered. They already have faced some severe blows in their lives.
And each year of old age is a challenge. Our parents sacrifice their comfort to make
us feel better and comfortable. They receive more severe setbacks in each stage of
life. Most of us would be willing to give everything they want to get their health and
strength back. Since they do not complain, we think that everything is fine with
them. We must try our best to make their life comfortable. They deserve more care
and respect than we think. When it comes to our turn to suffer, we will feel happier
for having helped when we were in a position to do so. The author says we must
realise that our existence is delicate and may not last forever.
J. C. Hill explains the importance and necessity of good manners when we are among
our own friends. When we speak to anyone, we must speak clearly and loudly so that
others can hear us and understand us. It would be an insult to a person if we invite
his attention and then speak in a way that he does not understand us. It is our
Hill quotes Thoreau, an American writer, who once said ‘‘It takes two to speak the
truth-one to speak and other to hear’’ .It takes two to speak the truth means truth
Good Manners
survives in mutual agreement of speaker and listener. Both have to agree on a
particular statement. More over there should be clear communication between them.
life. One cannot speak the truth by saying what one thinks is the truth. The thought
process may vary from person to person. One has to express it differently for
different people. One’s six could be somebody else’s nine. For some people the
meaning of socialism is taking money from those who have plenty and distributing
the same to those who do not have it. To another set of people, socialism means state
control of industry and commerce. So, one’s socialism can be other’s robbery. We
therefore cannot say that we have spoken the truth about socialism, unless we know
If a man says to a friend, “Good morning, Mr. A, and the friend in reply says, it is not
a good morning at all.” The man has not spoken the truth as the listener does not
understand the man. Remarks should not be taken too literally. Those who take them
with their basic meaning often make mistakes in understanding them. Only stupid
people fail to find the exact notion in other’s statements. Your friend asks you that he
will be thankful if you post a letter for him if you were going past the post office. If
you say not to the question your friend may think that you were not willing to oblige
him.
Good manners come from having sympathy with others and understanding our own
limitations.
In a company, we often find that it is not easy to speak frankly. One must watch for
response .There are sharp chances that you will be considered ill -mannered. At the
same time it becomes hard to go on listening to one person for long. Instead of
monopolising the conversation, we need to take care that everyone should get a
chance to speak. If someone keeps quiet, it means he wants you also to keep quiet. It
is not worth to talk endlessly. J. C. Hill also point outs the problem of back-biting.
Saying irritating or bad things behind someone’s back is not ethically correct.
Moreover, we will be found out. When we say something about someone, we must
always assume that the other person will come to know about what we have spoken
against him. One must change one’s remarks accordingly. This is what we have to
learn from experienced people how they act. No man is able to understand himself. It
is one of the most surprising things. But if we are able to understand ourselves, much
of the argument and anger could be avoided. It is often observed that people often
spreading rumours.
are arguing with someone on a point, we should always bear in mind that we
can be wrong. There are always two sides of a single coin. Good manners are
ways of behaving or speaking, especially when they are full of politeness and
Good Manners
courtesy. They come from having sympathy with others, from understanding
our own limitations. We should know that we are little people on this planet
for a little time and our existence is temporary. It becomes our duty to be
sympathetic, polite and humble to fellow men as we are to pass our existence
There is a phrase used by author in the essay ‘On top of life’ .What
does it mean?
enthusiasm and the vigour he owns, remains at peak in the young age. “On top of
life” means having all the positive aspects at a peak and to deal with life in a
successful manner. It gives him the feeling of strong and healthy and he finds
himself on top.
What did the young man feel about the people around him? Did the
Young man shows no sympathy for the people around him, to whom he finds
‘uninteresting folks’. The young man feels these uninteresting folks are dull and
Author says in the essay it is the duty of young people to make life easy and
comfortable for the older people, including their parents and teachers. These older
Good Manners
people including our teachers and parents have sacrificed a lot to make us able to live
happy and prosperous life. In the old age they are in dire need of support and
It’s an old saying that ‘‘a good speaker is a good listener’’. We could save a lot
different people have different opinion on a single subject. Somebody’s nine can
be other’s six. We cannot speak the truth by saying whatever we know is the
truth. Comprehension is the key to any conversation. By knowing the both sides
What are the guidelines that author lays down while speaking to
anyone?
We should speak clearly and loudly so that the listener understood us. It is our
Textual questions
J.C. Hill teaches us the moral values via the illustration of a young man’s story in the
beginning. During his happy hours, the young man did not care at all for others. He
was apathetic to the people around him especially old people. But then he fell ill due
to influenza and pneumonia. He became very weak. During his period of illness he
realised how insensitive he was. His illness brought about a great change in his way
of thinking. It was a kind of moral awakening. He began to show sympathy for the
Good Manners
old. Whenever he saw an old man in need of a seat in a bus or train, he would offer
his own seat to the old man. The story of the young man gives us a useful lesson.
Young men and women should treat the old people with sympathy and
consideration. They should realize that the old people will never get back the strength
Good manners are identity of a person and are an essential part of one’s personality.
A man’s image is drawn as per the way he behaves. So, good manners play an
cultivate good manners so that they become useful members of the society. They
must treat the old and physically or economically weak members of society with
special care and sympathy. All it is possible if we grow good manners. Good manners
teach young people to be full of consideration. The virtue of kindness must. Young
people must learn to be caring and thoughtful. Good manners teach us empathy for
What, according to the author, is the common factor about all boys
and girls?
The common factor about them is that they often remain unaware to their own
limitations. They have absolutely no sympathy for elderly people. For young
generation old men are worthless, useless, and boring. They have forgotten that it is
their duty to take care of people around them. They must learn about the need for
J. C. hill states that only stupid people fail to find the exact notion in other’s
statements. Literal meaning of any word or phrase may be different from the surface
meaning. When we speak to someone, we expect listener to take the surface meaning
of our words. But if the listener takes the meaning so literally there are sharp chances
that he will misunderstand us. He will miss the exact meaning of our words which is
real meaning. The meaning intended by the speaker is the real meaning. The author
is of the view that the real meaning should be considered as of greater importance
than the surface or literal meaning. Only the real meaning enables us to understand
the truth.
What does the author say about speaking the truth? How does he
The author of the essay J. C. Hill quotes American writer Thoreau’s statement ‘‘it
takes two to speak truth-one to speak other to hear’’. In the words of the author, it
takes two to speak the truth. One cannot speak the truth by saying what one thinks is
the truth. One has to express it differently for different people. He supports his
statement by the example of two different people discussing the idea of socialism,
Read the text carefully and answer the questions that follow.
What does the writer wish to convey through this remarks made
by Thoreau.
we can save a great deal of argument and annoyance in life if we listen carefully to
someone and response patiently. Hill quotes Thoreau, an American writer, who once
Good Manners
said ‘‘It takes two to speak the truth-one to speak and other to hear’’. It takes two to
speak the truth means truth survives in mutual agreement of speaker and listener.
Both have to agree on a particular statement. More over there should be clear
much argument and displeasure in life. One cannot speak the truth by saying what
one thinks is the truth. The thought process may vary from person to person. One
has to express it differently for different people. One’s six could be somebody else’s
nine. For some people the meaning of socialism is taking money from those who have
plenty and distributing the same to those who do not have it. To another set of
people, socialism means state control of industry and commerce. So, one’s socialism
can be other’s robbery. We therefore cannot say that we have spoken the truth about
socialism, unless we know what the person we have spoken to, understands by it.
In a company, we often find that it is not easy to speak frankly. One must watch for
response .There are sharp chances that you will be considered ill -mannered. At the
same time it becomes hard to go on listening to one person for long. Instead of
monopolising the conversation, we need to take care that everyone should get a
chance to speak. Moreover, we have to speak clearly and loudly so that our hearer
understands us. It is an insult to a person if we invite his attention and then speak to
him so that he does not understand us. It is our responsibility to make ourselves
understood..
But if we only try to understand this fact, we can save a lot of argument and anger.
The author explains it by giving an example of a motor accident is seen by you. You
would give a description of the accident which not be correct for other viewers.
Everyone gives his own version of the incident. Another person or a third person
would give another version. Experiments are sometimes made to find out how people
A man said to have good manners if he shares mutual feelings of fellow beings.
Good manners come from having sympathy with people around us. if we understand
our own limitations and have sympathy for the world around we certainly become
good person with a pure heart. This is the ‘truth.’ It is so big that none of us can
understand it. We should always realize that we are petty, unimportant, small people
of this planet. We should try to help the world as much as we can in our short stay on
this earth. It has connection with good manners. We cannot a moral character and
The author feels that most surprising statement is that no man understands himself.
But if we only try to understand this fact, we can save a lot of argument and anger.
The author explains it by giving an example of a motor accident is seen by you. You
Good Manners
would give a description of the accident which not be correct for other viewers.
Everyone gives his own version of the incident. Another person or a third person
would give another version. Experiments are sometimes made to find out how people
make mistakes in their statements. The writer describes one experiment which was
tried. Some students at the university were shown pictures of a bull-fight. When this
was finished they were instructed to put a number on every statement made. They
had to put number- 1 if they thought so; number 2- if they were fairly sure about it
and number 3- if they were quite sure and number 4- if they were willing to swear to
the statement on oath. It was found that every student had at least ten percent error
in the statements. A student saw the bull with his tongue out. He was quite sure
about it. When he was shown the picture again, he saw that the bull’s mouth was
closed. Thus they made mistakes. From this one thing becomes clear. Whenever we
are arguing with someone about a point, there is every possibility that we are wrong
people? Give reasons for your answer with suitable examples from
the text.
subject. Somebody’s nine can be other’s six. We cannot speak the truth by saying
knowing the both sides of coin we can save a big deal of argument. The author
of the essay Good manners helps us to understand this notion by illustrating the
taking money from those who have it and giving it to those who have not means.
robbery, he would not like us. Sometimes people ask very teasing questions and
we like to make a joke about it. A lady saw a boy in shorts, a jersey with badges, a
scout’s hat, and carrying a boy scout’s pole. The little boy told the lady, “I am two
eggs on toast”. The lady simply made a remark to the effect that the boy looked
very smart in his scout’s uniform. There was nothing silly in her remarks. It is
only foolish or silly people who take remarks too literally without looking for the
Bring out the significance of good manners in life with Hill’s views
in mind
Good manners are identity of a person and they form an essential part of one’s
personality. A man’s image is drawn as per the way he behaves. So, good manners
must cultivate good manners so that they become useful me This essay good
manners starts with story of a young man. He was strong and healthy and loved his
work. He felt on top of the world in every sphere of life. But at the same time he had
absolutely no sympathy for the people around him. He holds the opinion that the
people around him are dull and boring people. One day he fell ill. He was down with
influenza which eventually developed into pneumonia and was bed-ridden. Even
after recovering from his illness, he became very weak and frail. He could hardly
walk and would easily get tired. It became extremely difficult for him to manage his
life smoothly. When he joined his work he found the journey home very painful and
tiresome. He observed that strong and healthy young men sitting comfortably in the
train or bus. He saw that the old men standing near him were very tired and helpless.
Good Manners
The incident of falling ill and feeling helpless changed him completely. His illness
changed his perception of seeing things around him. He became strong again but
with a new vision and attitude. He became humble, kind and considerate. He used to
offer his seat to anyone else in the train or bus. He said that he had got his strength
back after illness but the older people would never get it back. Young generation
doesn’t to what extent our teachers, parents and all the older people might have
suffered. They already have faced some severe blows in their lives. And each year of
old age is a challenge. Our parents sacrifice their comfort to make us feel better and
comfortable. They receive more severe setbacks in each stage of life. Most of us
would be willing to give everything they want to get their health and strength back.
Since they do not complain, we think that everything is fine with them. We must try
our best to make their life comfortable. They deserve more care and respect than we
think. When it comes to our turn to suffer, we will feel happier for having helped
when we were in a position to do so. The author says we must realise that our
existence is delicate and may not last forever. Good manners are ways of behaving or
speaking, especially when they are full of politeness and courtesy. They come from
having sympathy with others, from understanding our own limitations. We should
know that we are little people on this planet and here for a short stay.
How did the attack of influenza change the young man’s attitude towards
old men?
This essay good manners starts with a story of a young man. He was strong and
healthy and loved his work. He felt on top of the world in every sphere of life . But at
the same time he had absolutely no sympathy for the people around him. He holds
the opinion that the people around him are dull and boring people. One day he fell
ill. He was down with influenza. He developed pneumonia and was bed-ridden. After
Good Manners
recovering from his illness, he became very weak and frail. He could hardly walk and
would easily get tired. Life became difficult for him. When he joined his work he
found the journey home very painful. He observed that strong and healthy young
men sitting comfortably in the train or bus. He saw that the old men standing near
him were very tired. He became strong again but he became very kind and
considerate. He used to offer his seat to anyone else in the train or bus. He said that
he had got his strength back after illness but the older people would never get it back.
Ans. The manners of speaking at differ according to situation, occasion or event. One
is required to express the truth differently to different people. The reason is simple.
We cannot speak the truth by saying what we think is the truth. The listener must
example from the text, to some people socialism means taking money from those
who have it and giving it to those who have not means. To other people socialism
means State control of industry and commerce. We cannot tell a man about socialism
until he understands what socialism is. If we say that we believe in socialism, and he
understands that we mean we believe in robbery, he would not like us. Sometimes
people ask very teasing questions and we like to make a joke about it. A lady saw a
boy in shorts, a jersey with badges, a scout’s hat, and carrying a boy scout’s pole. The
little boy told the lady, “I am two eggs on toast”. The lady simply made a remark to
the effect that the boy looked very smart in his scout’s uniform. There was nothing
silly in her remarks. It is only foolish or silly people who take remarks too literally
without looking for the real meaning in the statements that people make.
Good Manners