Agricultural Engineering OIL MILL MODEL PROJECT ON EDIBLE OIL PROCESSING Importance of Edible Oil in the country's economy:

Oilseeds and edible oils are two of the most sensitive agricultural commodities in the country. India contributes about 9% of the world oilseeds production, about 7% of the global production of protein meal and is the 4th largest edible oil economy in the world. The total area under oilseed cultivation in the country stood at 22.78 million ha. in 2001-02. The corresponding production was 22.80 million tonnes. Madhya Pradesh is the leading oilseed producing state in the country and accounts for 21.36% of the total oilseed production in the country. The other leading oilseed producing states are Gujarat (17.79%), Rajasthan (15.03%), Maharashtra (10.70%), and Andhra Pradesh (7.76%). The rest of the states account for the remaining 27.36% of the total production. Oilseeds, edible and non edible oil play an important role in the agricultural economy of the country. Groundnut, rapeseed/ mustard, soyabean, sunflower, sesame, nigerseed, safflower, castor and linseed are the nine major oilseeds sources for obtaining edible and non edible grade oils. The secondary sources are coconut, cottonseed, rice bran, solvent extracted oils from tree and forest origin. Apart from oilseeds, the byproducts obtained during the processing operation viz. deoiled cakes, oilmeals and other minor oil products are also of high economic value. India is one of the leading oilmeal exporter in the world. Its share in the world oilmeal export market is about 7%. The export of oilmeals, oilseeds and minor oils for the financial year 2000-2001 stood at 29.07 lakh tons. In terms of value, realisation it stood at Rs. 3393 crore. Net Availability of Edible Oil/Import/Actual Consumption: There has been a persistent gap between demand and domestic availability of edible oils. The Government, with a view to avoiding scarcity of this item and consequential rise in prices, has been allowing import of edible oils. The net availability of edible oils from all domestic sources, actual consumption and import during the period from 1996-97 to 200102 are as under : Table-I ( Lakh MT) OIL YEAR ( Nov.- Oct.) 1996-97 1997-98 1998-99 1999-00 2000-01 2001-02 * Source : SEA of India As can be observed from the above table, there has been fluctuations in production of oilseeds and consequently net availability of edible oils from domestic sources, import and total availability. The table given below shows the yield vis-a-vis world average and the highest yield in the world for the FY 2000-01 243.80 213.20 247.48 207.15 184.00 211.60 Production of oilseeds Net availability of edible oils from domestic sources 70.90 60.32 69.61 60.14 55.04 63.00 Imports Total availability

14.16 12.66 26.22 41.96 39.75 21.45

85.06 72.98 95.83 102.10 94.79 84.45