` DESIGN NO.

1
DESIGN OF ARMATURE OF DC GENERATOR
DESIGN SHEET AND SPECIFICATIONS

Item
No.
Speclflcutlons: 200 kW; 230/250 volts;
1200 rpm
Symbol Prellmlnury
Or
Assumed
Vulues
Flnul Vulue
Armuture Core und Wlndlng
1 Number of Poles p 12 12
Frequency f 50
2 Rutlo of pole urc to pole pltch r 0.64 0.64
3 Speclflc Loudlng q 800 850
4 Appurent Alr Gup Flux Denslty B
g
56500 34375
5 Llne Current (Full Loud) I 800 800
6 Type of Wlndlng Lup
7 Armuture Current per Clrcult I
c
134.5
8 Output Fuctor l
u
D
2
5240 8050
9 Armuture Dlumeter, ln D 21 21
10 Perlpherul Veloclty, fpm v 6600 6600
11 Totul Number of Fuce Conductors Z 392 396
12 Number of Slots S 99
13 Number of Conductors per Slot 4
14 Axlul Length covered by Pole Fuce l
u
11.25 12
15 Flux per pole (open clrcult) 2.904 x 10
6

16 Pole Pltch, ln r 11
17 Pole Arc, ln r
r
7.04
18 Areu Covered by pole fuce (r
r
l
u
), sq. ln 79.2 84.5
19 Dlmenslons of Armuture conductors, ln. unlts 2(0.07 x
0.58)
20 Slot pltch 0.992
21 Slot wldth s 0.4
22 Slot Depth d 1.4
23 Tooth wldth, ln.
Top
Root
Averuge

t

0.27
0.18
0.225
24 Number of Rudlul Ventllutlng Ducts, ln n 3
25 Wldth of Rudlul Ducts 0.375
26 Net Length of Armuture Core, ln l
n
6.78 7.3
27 Net Tooth Sectlon Under Pole, ut center, sq ln. 16.12
28 Appurent Denslty ln teeth under pole, ut center, sq
ln
B
t
180200 167400
29 Length per turn of Armuture Coll, ln. 64
30 Reslstunce of one turn, ohms ut 60 C 0.000309
31 Reslstunce of Armuture, ohms 0.0013
32 IR drop ln urmuture, volts 0.17
33 I
2
R loss ln Armuture wlndlng, wutts 137. 19
34 Estlmuted Full-loud Flux per Pole 3224500
35 Flux Denslty ln Armuture Core below Teeth 73000 72200
36 Internul Dlumeter of Core Stumplngs, ln 12.14
37 Welght of Iron ln Core, lb 295
38 Welght of Iron ln Teeth, lb 75
39 Totul Welght of Armuture Stumplngs, lb 370


Deslgn of Armuture Wlndlng und Core

Item 1. Number of Poles und Frequency. Slx poles ls sultuble
slnce the urmuture speed ls fulrly hlgh, slx poles wlll probubly best
for u trlul deslgn. The Frequency ls, therefore,

f= (12x500) / 120 = 50 Hz

Item 2. Rutlo of Pole Arc to Pole Pltch. Slnce the muchlne wlll be
provlded wlth commututlng poles, u sultuble vulue for thls rutlo ls
r = 0.64.

Item 3 und 4. Speclflc Loudlng und Alr Gup Denslty. Approxlmute
vulue of q for lnterpole generutor wlll be 1,075 und upproxlmute
vulue of B
g
wlll be 62,750.

Item 5. Llne Current.
I = 1750000/ 250 = 7000 ump.




Item 6. Type of Wlndlng. Slnce the current per puth should not
exceed 250 to 300 ump lt ls cleur thut u lup wlndlng must be used
ln thls cuse. I
c
= 7000/ 12 = 585.67 ump






Item 7. Armuture Current per Clrcult. The current ln euch urmuture clrcult wlll be one-slxth of the llne current
lf the shunt excltlng current ls neglected. Assumlng u shunt excltutlon of 0.9%, the full-loud current ln euch
urmuture conductor wlll be ubout (7000/12)(1+0.009) =585.67 ump





Items 8, 9 und 10. Armuture Dlumeter

l
u
D
2
= (1750000/ 500)(6.06x10
8
)(1/ 62750x0.64x1075) = 49129.065

uslng u rectungulur pole fuce, where k equuls 0.67

l
u
= [(x0.64)/(6x0.67)][D] = .5D
Hence
D= (49129.065/.472)
1/3
= 46 ln.

A rectungulur pole fuce, wlth the urmuture length equul to ubout 1.25 tlmes the pole urc, ls deslruble ln thls
deslgn becuuse of the compurutlvely hlgh speed. For the dlumeter culculuted, the perlpherul veloclty wlll be

v = ( x 47 x 500)/12 = 6021 fpm

Item 11, 12, und 13. Number of Inductors, Slots und Conductor per slot

Z= (Dq)/ I
c
= 266

Wlth four conductors per slot, thls would meun u prellmlnury number of slots 266 /2=133, und u slot pltch
of x (46/133) = 1.09. Next, culculutlng the number of slots per pole lt ls found to be 133/12 = 11 1/12.
However, slnce lt ls deslruble to huve un odd lnteger of slots per pulr of poles so thut the slots per pole wlll
be un lnteger plus , the totul number of slots wlll be lncreused to 138; thus, slots per pulr of poles equul
138/6 = 23, und slots per pole equuls 11 . Also note thut the number of slots embruced by euch pole urc ls
un lnteger ln thls deslgn; 11.5x0.64 = 7.36. Wlth flnul vulue of Z= , q ls, therefore 276x 585.67/46 = 1118.

Item 14. Axlul Length of Armuture Core. Thls muy be determlned from the flnul vulue of the output fuctor
l
u
D
2
; slnce thls ls lnversely proportlonul to q, lt ls equul to

l
u
D
2
= 49129.065 x 1075/1075 = 49129.07
und
l
u
= 49129.065/ 46
2
= 22.33 ln
Thls length ls, however, sub|ect to correctlon lf luter flux denslty culculutlons lndlcute thut thls ls deslruble.
Item 15. Flux per Pole (Open Clrcult). Uslng the vulue of Z,

= (230 x 60 x 12x 10
8
)/ (12 x 500 x 1) = 10,000,000 muxwells

Item 16, 17, und 18. Pole pltch, Pole Arc, und Pole Areu

Pole Pltch = ( x 46) / 12= 12.04 ln

Pole Arc = 0.64 x 12.04 = 7.706 ln
Note thut l
u
/r
r
= 22.33/ 7.706 = 2.9 lnsteud of vulue of 1.25, orlglnully ussumed.

Pole Areu = 22.33 x 7.706 = 172.07 sq.ln.

The uppurent ulr gup flux denslty cun now be computed und compured wlth the ussumed vulue ln ltem 4.

B
g
= 10,000,000/ 172.07 = 58115.88 llnes per sq.ln.

Items 19 to 22. Dlmenslons of Slots und Armuture Conductors.

= (700000/ 1118) + (6021/4) = 2131 ump. Per sq ln.
Whence
Areu of cross sectlon = 585.67 / 2131= 0.274 sq ln.
It ls necessury now to flnd by trull the best urrungement of 396 conductors, ltem 11, ln 99 slots.
= ( x 45) / 138= 1.047 ln
In order to determlne the uctuul dlmenslons of the urmuture conductors, lt wlll be flrst convenlent to ussume
u wldth of slot. Thls should be ubout 0.4 ln., whlch mukes the rutlo of tooth wldth to slot wldth 1.305.
[0.2 3(0.016) 2(0.035)]/ 2 = 0.041 ln.
Slnce the copper ure of two conductors ls 0.08 sq ln. lt follows thut euch conductor wlll huve u depth of 0.08/
(2 x 0.07) = 0.58
d = 0.135 + (3 x 0.035) + (2 x 0.041) = 2.19 ln.
Uslng the dlmenslons thus fur culculuted, lt wlll be deslruble to check und see lf the flux denslty ln the teeth
ls not excesslve.

Item 23. Tooth Dlmenslons. The wldth ut the top of the tooth ls t = s = 1.047- 0.2 = 0.847 ln.
The clrcumference of the clrcle through the bottom of the slots ls x (46 4.38) = 130.75 ; und slnce the
slots huve purullel sldes, the wldth of tooth ut the root ls (130.75/ 138) 0.2 = 0.757 ln.
The uveruge tooth wldth ls, therefore, 0.797 ln.

Items 24 und 25. Ventllutlng Ducts. Not more thun three ducts should be necessury ln un urmuture 9 to 11 ln.
long, wlth euch duct 3/8 ln. wlde.

Item 26. Net Length of Armuture.
l
n
= 0.67[22.33 (3 x 0.375)] = 19.50
Item 27. Net Cross Sectlon of Teeth under Pole

19.50 x 0.797 x 138/12 x 0.64 = 114.39 sq ln.

Item 28. Flux Denslty ln teeth.

10,000,000/ 114.39 = 87,420.23 llnes per sq ln.

Item 29. Length per turn of Armuture Coll
Sln = 1.15s/ = (1.15 x 0.2)/1.047 = 0.69 = cos = 0.976
l
c
= [(2 x 12.04)/ 0.976 + (4 x 2.19) + 3= 36.5 ln
Totul Length per Turn = 36.5 + 44.66 = 81.16 ln

Items 30 to 33. Armuture Reslstunce.

R = 81.16/ 2(0.041)(.976) x 4/ x 10
6
= 0.000796 ohm
0.000796 (138/12) = 0.00915 ohms
0.00915/ 12 = 0.00076 ohms
0.000915 x 585.67 = 0.5.36 volts
0.00915(585.67 x 12) = 37670.294 wutts

Item 34. Full Loud Flux. In uddltlon to the speclfled lncreuse ln termlnul voltuge from 230 to 250 ut full loud,
lt ls necessury to develop enough voltuge to overcome lnternul reslstunce.
250 + 2 +5.36 + 2.68 = 260.04

The full loud flux must, therefore, be

10,000,000x (260.04/230) =11,306,086 muxwells

Items 35 und 36. Flux Denslty ln Armuture Core. Internul Dlumeter. A denslty of 73000 wlll be sultuble.
Rd x l
n
x 73000 = /2

whence the rudlul depth Rd of the urmuture core below the teeth ls

Rd = 11,306,086/(2 x 19.5 x 73000) = 3.97 ln

The lnternul dlumeter of the core stumplngs ls, therefore,

46 (2 x 4) (2 x 2.19) = 33.62 ln.

Item 37. Welght of Iron ln Core. The welght of u cublc lnch of lron ls 0.28 lb, und the totul welght of lron ln
the core below the teeth therefore, be

0.28 x 1.5 x /4 [(46-4.38)
2
33.62
2
] = 4185 lb

Item 38. Welght of Iron ln Teeth

0.28 x 2.19 x 0.797 x 138 x 19.5 = 1315 lb

Item 39. Totul Welght of Armuture Stumplngs

4185+ 1315 = 5500 lb





POLYTECHNIC UNIVERSITY OF THE PHILIPPINES
COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING


ELECTRICAL MACHINE DESIGN






PLANTILLA, JUNE JONOS
2007-010962-8

ENGR. LIBRADO S. GESALTA
(INSTRUCTOR)









01 JULY 2011