TERMINOLOGIES: 1. Dubring’s rule — states that the boiling point of a solution is a linear function of water at the same pressure. 2. Thermal Energy — the energy of a body that can be transmitted in the form of heat. 3. Absorbent- a substance that is able to absorb liquids or gases and is used for removing them from a given medium or region. 4. Logarithmic Mean Temperature Difference — the temperature potential between temperature at the two ends of a heat exchanger. 5. Black Body — a theoretical body which when heated to incandescence would emit a continuous light-ray spectrum. 6. Gray Body — also known as the real body. It is a body whose emissivity is less than 1. 7. Deaerator —a kind of heat exchanger where water is heated to a point that dissolved gases are liberated. 8. Kirchhoff’s Law of Radiation — the law which states that the ratio of the emissive powers to absorptivities are equal when the two bodies are in thermal equilibrium. 9. Plank’s Law — All substances emits radiation, the quantity and quality of which depends upon the 1|Pageabsolute temperature and the properties of the material, composing the radiating body. 10. Thermograph — a device used to measure the amount of infrared radiation in each portion of a person’s skin that is emitted. CONSTANTS: 4. Thermal Conductivity of Pure Copper = 386 W/m-K 2. Thermal Conductivity of Pure Aluminum = 204 W/ m-k 3. Thermal Conductivity of Pure Iron we =73 W/m-K 4. Density of Steel = 7850 kg/m? 5. Density of Aluminum = 2712 kg/m? 6. Density of Copper = 8940 ke/ m* 7. Universal Gas Constant = 8.314472 J / mol. K 8. Speed of Light 21 Page= 2.9979 x 10° cm/s 9. Stefan — Boltzmann’s constant =5.67x 10° W/mK" “10. Plank’s Constant = 6.62607004 x 10 J-s CONVERSION: 1 Therm = 100,000 BTU 1 Calory Heat Unit = 1.8 BTU 1erg = 1 dyne-cm Lerg= 10” Joules 1 atm = 10.33 mH,0 1 atm = 34 ft H,O 1 rod =5.5 yards 1 furlong = 40 rods 1 fathom = 6 feet 1ganta=3L 1 ganta = 8 Chupas 3|Page