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CHILD DEVELOPMENT IN ART ‘Anna M, Kindler, Editor 1997 [National Art Héucation Association ti MAP OF ARTISTIC DEVELQPMENT ‘ot comnte developmen have pied our undetandng of eae rowth ‘file for several decades. Th work of Logo (1913) and Lowentld (054) has grey intoenced at esicater understanding of how cen ‘Bow inthe wise domain Recently, boweve a acesing umber of e- searchers have ved concerns overthespropteness of se tease, Colbert & Tunton, 1988; De Merde 1974; Fret, 198, Wl 195; Wielocer, 1965 Wo ey, 198) ad suggested the need for a eve ‘omeepulzaon of aie developmen, Tats chapter, we wil cuss problems inert in stags theoles of ssi development and presenta alemative model which hes emerged ant ult of or cons-calral researc, rleedon on wok of other searches ‘in the il, and personal expences a at eds si pests over the sstdecade Wevillabo pute signcnce ofthe new completion Toa educeon. Problems with stage theories Deftition of atti development ‘The term “istic devapsiet” ips thi tis phenomeoon i co sed with buran development in he donno ete Consequaty i t ‘imposible to coder it woot efletng on what cones at. Wile ‘wary defo of rt ave ben proposed ove te cena, tone which embaced by the contemporary postnodam word cer rd the mo ion fe as concep with a “open ere” (Wei 197, 438). out understanding oft not ob Ht tomy paula ext hry. ANNAM.KINDIER @ BaRNARDDARRAS ‘he cooeertaio f ats evhopmentneeie acount forts bent ‘Sag thes, awere rae omelet hr reat seni he ope eon of a. Leary whch det net accu drersty ‘Sug hears af tds devlpmeat we catered by Useaty, ch doer eons for dive of work produced win pur ag Sounds, Wo and Per (1988 observed ht at ech “Sage ken soot ge of veal languages, They obvervd th cide ae com Ftntin making coment chacerareprd tthe ea se guages ‘hing ening ym vlan reperie oth purpose th laoings spp over This eon of cc, rate a sine ‘ae uldog uci’ itor rofscon, was a decomentdin ses by Bremner nd Moe (1980 These recor demons bw clea ‘who poses slo profase sal elise ravings do ot mak on ‘Set we of em. Aer concep of row oss steton on one ‘Stegay a tel production, ed manifest acy at ‘id abana we not Sree wit te ame of age hoes, Conc reli, oe rogeaion hogh he sags ingly deed ines fhe a= rete ity o make ome epeeaons of people und object in ‘teensex nstige thee of rine develope ei repre ‘son sodas aefaeace pit todo secmplshment or rg. Thi, over na mieaiag cue, when one consis the bond rane pur oe of vial igen. nd te vying iplence of te ota rem ‘meson natn beth an cose oul prpestiree Maps ape, ‘crea arta few examples once a which he ion ‘from nln a lion be rm ele ae guy ot ‘Be Opel eins nots rome fared epee cm ‘eto dasa hoy demons, seacoast gal even Win The bunds of Were aon nat the ciao ex ‘resve ee thn aative popes in Wester at afte 0h centty dite oting iret ine dato i cet end sl expres 63 ‘ied by Laven (547) and Prenet (96, reed he noon of ‘elms eeteniton soe to cher por manieaons (lon, 194), Th saarscnteed stag hie een oe ie ‘rat blo for nie of aie roth Lack of eerily beyond ent chidhood years ‘ge theowiesatenp to aeflly ence deveapmest in ely ile tad, Ate fencers bee deted and peed serbia ‘ehaiorf clea tha sen beulvrlly hed (gC, 1953, elogg 196; Lovefeld Bei, 1970 Lacy, 197 Walon, Comber, APTI 3p fie enept 8 Englehart, 1990), However, ge hos ask grea wen a8 Sten atic developmen of alleen ands, Wat hc este al gitedr dexter sented carer The cave ‘tite developmen as eed by Garner (198 ue fan Lege ‘mol othe emai the popalion Davis hs ont, Ths Lemoel ie nt np, Bowewes th eles adler, o adn who co tl {alow te ine of props ened bythe age ens of eis eve tent case o poe cerl image Tn ves Engram sacs, keane notes, photograph and home vider a jst afew expe of "ict roduton for wich tage eons do ot aces ‘Strog emphasis on pychobilpe! determinant of art develpent ‘Sg this we unde onset trina ef n= ‘eto ee the iplletons fhe alan ol coke oi ‘ay etancons eens detrimental tent, ology ened oct of development (eg, Leal 196), Aris deepen does over ina wai ad colural wis however td seve earth teed te sgncaoce of sole! fact in he wage it poees (eg. Lela, 1978; Kind, 1904, 198, 195; Page 182: Tomy ‘Bates. 191; Win & Win, 977,196. Ti elas one eco ‘ul ene congue wae pon Pagan gegen ei ‘met i general nga, 199). Bret an Mare Wikon (977, 190, 1985) pe that eign he els 9 gpie pedis ily ‘edited und provide nthe work an abet aera xa p ring th hypotesi Even fone wing oe called sol facto a singly cottatng to he vray wihin he gener rule (Gotomb, 1992s arty asd te ckoowadgedand dese ur model proves mn tenet oconcetaize he develope of ctrl eventos news wich Gr ae ly ney pel dei Nonfat. embrace avery of pita means without fy ing alae jameson tric met fay of hem lows orcas eo oloaral vars, and cnzernd i te proses fom ‘ort inthe ety cithod snd on trough eda yu, ‘Theoretical foundation ofthe proposed mode! Semi fowndatons nt eying ron ae a tas omaton ett This pals common desis ofl ‘ol ets: Wher hs communeton of haughty eo ‘as, ve sas, undesncng or elie osm trughe i ‘con dee, andra whi scoring Psse (1981-8) cone ee ee lon, wereld on Pee’ sein henry Thr bse prayer et incr we often "nda andesite acne {e development inte ey cildhood yar, our mel cones evelopment of pica podtion a sei civ and, consequat explorer te ipa of eam pool Imagery proce by peopl a wus pots fhe ve Seciouinal foundations ‘Ouida s rondo athe asumpion hat arte developments ‘eleaing neves sol eanponene Weave eden Wp 1979) cnepto ofthe str of aman develops. Asano Weak. Win gener proces of develope, o aie ferent ines of velopment, erg in ei in be iin Else he lemencny focaen, ich of bloga oe th coe asst Mer psyche aston, of ‘ocelot ter The Myo chil barr Isom fom the ncrwesvng of hese woe p48) ‘yg underanting of i reaioshp bree alg ae ‘elope iiling ieee ofthe one pros loa ih inte aces only trough interacone with oh okra ot enon onthe ingore of ely sented ening ino elo ‘eet Alo, an neg er of ee Int dt pting othe Toe of sel tracts in a eslrtons of cre (eg Dou, 1988, ind, 192 1923, 1984; Kerei, 197;Thompae Ble 191) pe vided spp foro epee, ‘Onemodel aks int coon he soi area. ako lps the roof lala etal oe oth gules wel ‘uae charges in ptr etn, Phorophie perspectve ‘Gurmoderesis onthe hype ht oii elope prope ‘ya namie cont tween wo oping forces of atracton and ep soa which ere ielrissece ine welded ensue ‘othe vent of pti lugsy Ge Pure. This not of visa imagery rota a cent fips focescan ‘eae bck ote debated ty pioper nance Gree who empl t dicover te mechan of progres inte Word Was ‘erase Saiee, 1985) who at mopped pees foo rin evga arya) neues ea ge sl farses which engaged in contig oppo and sg, we ‘oomnbl fr cane ln more cent mex, Crh (185) ad Armbets (ts vole explore ws ston of lity tr econo te incon fama ind (nthe one hand we conse nd ori ome hough ene ‘ects thiking pope byte “stron pipe, One oe cm se ofa ind are dived hough ming dation ontaing “tories and employing diverge! mods of peng seg fen Infact repo foc. In he devsopmen fora inngey we have fied wo teenies comeponing tte fore be pee tendency, whch fous le, regulary, peel and ode ad he Indvidatetendeney which leads towards excepts, unique: and rei. wus conepuizaton of ei development me alo ndeted 'e Thon’ haya xstopte (190) Where fe sem enc ea dsequitism wie canoe lected or enone sin by ante tive ingrovenens smo: dana change reed age, 178), Po lowing Thoms rensonn. we hyputeiaed ht oo dios pacer ‘sone fr qatatve so quite changes ead fo the divers of ‘oral eresentton encuee inte wo We gga er, ‘ation and he nee of comply of images ar sf to pe of ‘sprain lcenesiation ad tifireaion (Dans Kini, 99%; 1949). Tocenention dies grea qunatve change ocruing wii be Sine gel fmewoo ad ives cooing. cine seqtsce futon canbe repared sw sen “stop” A is pl tS ‘epsltioatirctioncoafic eri in now fnes ah Togese Incemesntios discon rosie lad te development oft mp arc developmen which we propre teeter cma adel feof upton at pital ety son ole, ‘elton nhenamenon, While te cnt om eit woe wo pe ttesexcavely with range of vial mes of prev win ae stem Western cneeptaiation of fine a is ost been cha lenge At of dso, pop at, hppeings, nan ff at ery ley fee production ese bondi of lee am ands vial, vocals psa! element the cent of pot ae analy i of ring development, sever searcher hein ‘aldalok ween lingage md phic ai eg. Cole, 184 Dyn, 1982; Kori, 1977 Walln, Ce, gl, 1950), Mla dew AFTER of ri Dlg 2 ‘ings ae incompetence ie bot ito bies of ate who ‘wodobd thm if they ae detached fom «cont which ince ord, Sounds, nd geste. Don (98) bought tenon os ruby aig, ‘Bde andreerhers tal aso dof eye ‘epuntely. Bat wen cen st togeer sound «wor ble, ‘Getter wiles ely see ving. lg moves ed ‘HH pony sng and wang ae wale (20) ‘eae tht poi ns nt oly inte spate by o 4p: oriv of oer fons of eomtmualcaton an expec, tht aft ‘abe rogues ening parte proce (inler& Drs 1994), Consent, we uggs th conden of roth win he Sie ons needs tobe adesed in amor sonpstesive moe Nie oper anon othe the nents nace ‘The Map Model of Pictorial Development Ouse is exe tee ft deters ric Jeveopestn ve segments of mip, The tse: del Whe gettin, hand evelopment of pcr imagery int ety ldo! yer Te seed ‘epnentsconesed within penonence oil gey” (Dar 156, 1986, 1952, a asc, subelement hich seems be commonly scsi.‘ Bd segment eae ee many rods wich my be foowed inthe developmen f coal nage ‘Thee roads aot to be pare a mtlyexchie cls, oe sy teavel hough many of then hon os ie evelopment of ceria imagery i the early choad years (Cis ston provides summary of ore dtd expat oe ‘ty loo component ofr adel, Sx Kane & Daas 195 Inu despa of he development ofp imagery inte ety hidood ye we ued ems ely I" hh aly toad pst of ities ar nanes wet tseems ob ule ‘er Gu qantave change Ie he nar of seo acy. TRS in 8 wel intervals Between th, sold tbe ead sages ‘here movenet fom oo evel anther ames dct ofc. er grep manifests. As Fg ius neremetl hanes on ‘ine repens of te now emerging sande ach onc level etna atge of tebe nd posses, ‘tera eserings proelydefned wom i nh at tdi eb ui Fw a ne Rid & Fad ow etx of gap evidence, ene 1 eno wit bs ben ‘ered a uconoled blng (ep Lowenfe, 1947; Lang, 970, ‘Tescearly mis we soaeines tsonpred ying whch mg ‘ppt tthe ston thee are delghodineir sew Gconey. Yok ‘her ino vides tht this pase, veel eae esp etc roe {8 lente ey nbn expec cle end be ais ‘dla amps have tem foes mare cel on tht mks (Due & ‘iad, 19831956 Kinder Das 199), alent ne scons mn gin tse eapate ofeeackwsheen ‘et tr bhai. As Hitz Day (191) geste ies’ lors with mark mang canbe tbe or acorged if they i le ey li Teale 2 Tetiiy 2 dln te pase when i's seton shits for ‘ming te othe ate Mas and aces bpino mtr youd ire cxence ad ald begins ono rele emong ne Recon of oespoodecebtren coral etre ne pret tet anda snilariyemeng ome gabe frend eee a ‘ic nieton mechan etre rand te pine o fy semble eat & Mv, 1975, ‘The impact oft gee ndeny which faves los poeta. ‘ions ad eso redzabty ofetcome i ein in pe Ae sone, themeree of repeated, pete gap fore allow for ‘oe te ut a neni egal Resopsion of ales iisealy fs the pent of onc exeelng thm nthe nia ory manifest in oven and expttenaton with en nce rember of ie forms. ‘Toe fees reply nd edt of mks (ee Fie 4), sepzilyhe enerpeoce of rt shapes ly weaned ns ‘ltt ihn te Bonde of Western sr ge vnc pts ‘king. Pci roducton intend pedorsiay by te geet ‘cy ofereched wih enhsizen and eerepenent ten ple roc reninise of ate pctorl tempt Toe today ne ‘segs continous och ogmiacon ese a jredceh, iy woth desiabe ucomes of pc etlors Wh cen do ot cee ‘wengng ines omni “ppc abing (wc can heb ec escent an ia sponta ele), rough he eink tn ey ‘erie thy begin lapel ndetnng of elie it on abe ofrsous prof macs, Har 2p eh Teeny 3 “Adutreadng of sible es aol bee eed by he o- on tat pcr igs opens ings tht han mame event Ye e's iy petal sustain seem 9 be comcened with omen ‘ons ots ojos Duras & Kindle, 1995, an Eide Dares, on Ansys veal nd gsr mafensions which accompany image seen slit he cn ope ‘ne ortipondces been ean movers ens ed ‘ut thehpoteithat the rduced wings ly jean a os lesa objects nator sper fare forms Dees ‘i 1953, 1994, Petal imagey comers eS, ‘say tiga feay whichis fsbo nd pce naps nce ahi sn which te incances wheres ring intr oche e Dane's ses, aed some pesca, Ts om form of bs _ntking ony 3 rns ont connection with lind re, weve he Kite selon xen othe deni ng ‘my aon can be please Te sglsece of soi intercons decal ncewes diag, this phase. Cienega o mimic ech ther eel ete nd oan {hs simsaon vty ings malt of te gee tens. Aa edn ho very npr, cocina the companos ths he. Ad inisenc oe dcong images je td gy may or ‘monica the ett hese eget ang a Sens for actions ony retest tthe have le ale tna oe of eg Tes my prompt cheno purse the pony of hanging ts fee ei pti tempt ease 4 When cid eins the pti of graeme teh gape ‘cn std feces nd ings ater thn yam ret coe "wan roe continues doug platen cael wih ee peste nd eran pyingesgifestrke Tisvew ooneee ee “ere in combine with epreseuations th canted fala § ase ee gm. eso fst a abity to soci a for asin ‘ine whic ee funcestlin the eneepce of he pin saens Ae sie by he pn tendency. Toe conception feared the ‘secnng of snd" elaonis dont ly on te ety of ‘eu, butter onpotrypeal, sen proper en bon ely oe ‘tes (Arbein, 974; Reh 157 HAPTER Nap offre Dems 2 Pemes “Arf ty at ced i” 1 a oe of oe i i ary a dae coi 4s mashed by to state of suhaton which eikien sterile ‘Onone tant the hapesthey chide) prone ateircoata- Jedmaiglaions remind hemo objet soviet On the te an the daring elton roses can sory meig. gee Wi he newly sue kl poe cet at wil. may pombe ce row seo (Gurvia Day. 1951.5 7 en Kinard Daret ‘The teeny to "ren-of” marks and abe essing frst shops tad on ecived soca videos (Se Pig 8) cota wih ruegy Seda wich seed antes ecto ‘nso ude pss of inages wt deed, eet cing hres owing ahs oi oe ener in aa oud Sihlyditeeatne haps may fnedon ameter, nes o ea ‘However he bition of whic pial lager oly acoponst, 5 far being genes: nvidato cea ec th ‘weal chine A geacic hay, schemaiclyrepeseid by a Cosel, ‘onde fom becoes a parle str fay olen pe "ios: plead ccomsaces, darks tte verbal barat wich compe ‘elt ates, Ts inviduaiaton ough vera t lw fo ay change in meal wit th ed fain aie ‘eaialtons The sme form may tke ofc Hetty os whch ‘wold best tthe fow af tee haupht or which an mat bo siedepettin ofthe sen. UP TER >of rt egos xs using the coy 4p chien ncasingy aque ndetnd- lng tinge ca commas oily ted essing Tey ages tha the quality of ch communist canbe geal eta by = pte ‘nea approach Opparniy whe ceewinge ith ps od al nd ‘he pat recived when rhs on paper can be exe dein of ‘op nt ebjers her eneurage cheno newer isl er, Seles ese Wie pape padectn of iden dng the only 4 pase eo ‘oopsses apes whch que meaning thug some bi sans ong vil or fnton ati, geomet arma seriig ad nc-inpis of acs cna oper factol magey. Aeonty 5 Teo ps smaskedby a compete asf remit rcs nd ‘env eplortion inthe rel of val inagery. Fm sa eee ferpetv, che’ dings Bin sucefly cary meting WES fan be shred soil aad appt bo independent of itl naive ‘spring el coc ages poco einem se itl

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