Listening

Listen to a conversation between a woman and a man, and then answer questions 1 and 2.

1. What does the woman say about her job?

A. She quit after having a formal company meeting.
B. She no longer has the energy to do it properly.
C. Her boss has been expecting too much of her.
D. It was difficult to take the decision to leave.
2. How did the woman’s boss react to her decision?
A. She suggested a meeting to discuss it further.
B. She was worried about finding a replacement.
C. She was more understanding than the woman expected.
D. She was supportive because she made the same decision in the past.

Listen to a conversation between two friends, and then answer questions 3 and 4.

3. How did the man feel when he was told he had won a holiday?
A. delighted B. suspicious C. irritated D. disappointed

4. Why did he give the caller his credit card details?

A. He thought the man seemed honest.
B. He was afraid not to give them to him.
C. He wished to have his room upgraded.
D. He wanted to buy some extra services.

Listen to a woman called Francesca giving a talk about a challenge to run five marathons
in five days, and then answer questions 5 - 10.

5. What does Francesca say about her challenge?

A. She wishes there had been crowds of people to support her.
B. She would rather have run in a famous marathon.
C. She feels that it changed her life for the better.
D. It has made her famous in many countries.

6. Why did she decide to do the challenge?

A. To get experience before attempting something more difficult.
B. To attract the attention of other runners.
C. To make a realistic choice in life.
D. To copy a celebrity she admires.
7. What does she say about the rules for the challenge?
A. They were mostly universally known rules.
B. Her companion ensured she followed them.
C. She couldn't set a record after breaking them.
D. She downloaded an app to remind her of them.
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8. What problems did she encounter?
A. She miscalculated the running distances.
B. She became ill and had to postpone the challenge.
C. She was unsure how to use the GPS app on her phone.
D. She thought she would be unable to complete the first marathon.

9. How does Francesca feel about doing similar challenges in the future?
A. She sees no need to repeat a similar event at all.
B. She sees that they are clearly too physically demanding for her.
C. She has considered them, but it would be too difficult logistically.
D. She has some reservations, but she is looking forward to doing one soon.

10. According to Francesca, when preparing for a challenge like this, it is important to _______.
A. go out for a run every day B. avoid damaging your body
C. push yourself over the limit D. practise running the full distance

Writing
Read the following sentences and choose the underlined section which is WRONG.

11. Even though robots have not completely driven human workers out of the factories,
A
there are far less people working in production in Japan these days.
B C D

12. Only when you have your own kids you will understand how difficult it is.
A B C D

13. George and Fred thought flying would be faster, but when Ron suggested she go
A B
by train, Ginny realized she had enough time, and she will be able to see all the
C D
picturesque towns along the way.

14. I will never forget to visit the Netherlands as a child. It was thrilled to see
A B C D
those old windmills.

15. The side door couldn’t be opened. It had been locked by a special key that
A B
the building manager didn’t have. He had been given a large set of keys, but
C D
none of them fitted the side door.
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 Reading
Read the following paragraph and choose the best answer for questions 16 and 17.

Theories about how brain works remain a topic of debate. It is agreed, though, that the
hippocampus, a part of the brain, is undeniably important for memory. When we experience
something, the information is sent via our senses to the hippocampus, where it is processed.
Scientists believe that brain cells called neurons first transform the sensory stimuli we experience
into images in our immediate memory. Then, these images are sent to the hippocampus and stored
temporarily in short-term memory. In the hippocampus information is organized, and it is during
this process that parts of the image of our experience fade away. Finally, certain information is
then transferred to long-term memory in a section in the frontal lobe of the brain known as the
cerebral cortex. Scientists think this process may happen while we are sleeping, but exactly how
the information is transferred from one area of the brain to another is a mystery.

16. What is the main idea of this paragraph?

A. How human brain processes and stores information
B. The importance of neurons in transferring sensory stimuli
C. The relationship between sleeping and parts of human brain
D. Why some of the information in short-term memory fades away

17. Which of the following statements is MENTIONED?

A. Scientists still debate whether the hippocampus is important for memory or not.
B. Scientists have found out why some of the information is lost in the hippocampus.
C. Scientists know that information is sent from the long-term memory to the hippocampus.
D. Scientists don't know exactly how the information is transferred from one area of the brain
to another.

Read the following paragraph and choose the best answer for questions 18-20.
Among young college students, a trend is emerging. Today, more than ever, these hardworking
people are being saddled with skyrocketing tuition, book fees, and boarding costs. So, it is not
surprising that many of them are taking desperate measures in order to pay the bills. There have
been reports of 19-year-olds selling their souls on eBay, blackmailing their siblings with grainy
photos of tattoos that Mom and Dad don’t know about, and hunting for change on the ground under
roller coasters. And, in a show of extreme anguish, some of these young people have even looked
for work.

18. According to the passage, the desperation many students feel is the result of ___________.
A. the hardship of staying successful in college
B. the ever-increasing bills they have to pay
C. the necessity of taking part-time jobs
D. the poor standard of education

19. The underlined word ‘skyrocketing’ is nearest in meaning to which of the following words?
A. rising B. exclusive C. competitive D. magnificent

20. The underlined word ‘change’ is nearest in meaning to which of the following words?
A. transformation B. opportunities C. substitutions D. coins
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 Read the following paragraphs and choose the best answer for questions 21-23.

In his famous study of myth, The Hero with a Thousand Faces, Joseph Campbell writes about the
archetypal hero who has ventured outside the boundaries of the village and, after many trials and
adventures, has returned with the boon that will save or enlighten his fellows. Like Carl Jung,
Campbell believes that the story of the hero is part of the collective unconscious of all humankind.
He likens the returning hero to the sacred or tabooed personage described by James Frazier in The
Golden Bough. Such an individual must, in many instances of myth, be insulated from the rest of
society, “not merely for his own sake but for the sake of others; for since the virtue of holiness is, so
to say, a powerful explosive which the smallest touch can detonate, it is necessary in the interest of
the general safety to keep it within narrow bounds.”

There is ___________ between the arche- typal hero who has journeyed into the wilderness and the
poet who has journeyed into the realm of imagination. Both places are dangerous and full of wonders,
and both, at their deepest levels, are journeys that take place in the kingdom of the unconscious mind,
a place that, in Campbell’s words, “goes down into unsuspected Aladdin caves. There are not only
jewels but dangerous jinn abide . . . ”

21. The title of Campbell’s book, The Hero with a Thousand Faces, is meant to convey ____.
A. the fact that the hero journeys into many different imaginary countries
B. the many languages into which the myth of the hero has been translated
C. the universality of the myth of the hero who journeys into the wilderness
D. the many villagers whose lives are changed by the story the hero has to tell

22. The phrase that would most accurately fit into the blank in the first sentence of the second
paragraph is ______________.
A. much similarity B. a wide gulf.
C. long-standing conflict D. an abiding devotion.

23. Based on the passage, which of the following would best describe the hero’s journey?
A. wonderful B. terrifying C. awesome D. convincing

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 Read the following paragraph and then choose the best answer for items 24-26.

Dolphins are regarded as the friendliest creatures in the sea and stories of them helping drowning
sailors have been common since Roman times. The more we learn about dolphins, the more we
realize that their society is more complex than people previously imagined. They look after other
dolphins when they are ill, care for pregnant mothers and protect the weakest in the community, as
we do. Some scientists have suggested that dolphins have a language, but it is much more probable
that they communicate with each other without needing words. Could any of these mammals be
more intelligent than man? Certainly, the most common argument in favour of man's superiority
over them that we can kill them more easily than they can kill us is the least satisfactory. On the
contrary, the more we discover about these remarkable creatures, the less we appear superior when
we destroy them.

24. It is clear from the passage that dolphins __________.

A. are proven to be less intelligent than once thought
B. have a reputation for being friendly to humans
C. don't want to be with us as much as we want to be with them
D. are capable of learning a language and communicating with humans

25. The fact that the writer of the passage thinks that we can kill dolphins more easily than
they can kill us __________.
A. shows that dolphins have a very sophisticated form of communication
B. means that they are better adapted to their environment than we are
C. proves that dolphins are not the most intelligent species at sea
D. does not mean that we are superior to them

26. One can infer from the reading that __________.

A. dolphins are quite abundant in some areas of the world
B. communication is the most fascinating aspect of the dolphins
C. dolphins have some social traits that are similar to those of humans
D. dolphins have skills that no other living creatures have such as the ability to think

Read the following paragraphs and choose the best answer for questions 27-31.

The Judgement of Paris

[P.1] The Judgement of Paris is a story from Greek mythology, which was one of the events that
led up to the Trojan War.

[P.2] On Mt. Olympus, Zeus held a party in celebration of the marriage of Peleus and Thetis and
all of the important gods were invited, except for Eris, Goddess of Discord, because it was believed
that she would make the party unpleasant for everyone. Bitter for having been ostracized, Eris threw
a golden apple with the inscription “For the Fairest” in the midst of the wedding ceremony. After
that, she ran away laughing, knowing there would be trouble.

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[P.3] When Hera, Queen of the Gods, saw the golden apple, she started bragging that it was for her.
Athena, Goddess of Wisdom and War, quickly took it away, saying that the fairest meant the
smartest. Aphrodite, Goddess of Beauty, got mad, so she took it. She said the fairest meant the most
beautiful. Then, the three goddesses got into a big fight. They finally decided to go and ask Zeus,
King of the Gods, who the fairest was. Zeus couldn't decide because Hera was his wife and Athena
was his favorite daughter. So, Zeus told them that Prince Paris of Troy would make the final
judgement instead.

[P.4] The three goddesses then came down to Mt. Ida on earth to talk to Paris. Paris could not make
up his mind, so he put them through a series of tests. With no clear winner, the goddesses decided
to bribe him. Hera went first, offering him the gift of power over Europe and Asia, riches and many
victories. Next came Athena who offered him the gift of wisdom, almost as much as her own. She
said that he would be victorious in all battles. Aphrodite came last. She said that if he picked her,
he could have the most beautiful girl in the world, Helen of Sparta. Paris accepted Aphrodite's gift
and awarded the apple to her.

[P.5] A few days later, Paris sailed to Sparta to visit Helen and her husband King Menelaus. They
welcomed him warmly because at the time Troy was at peace with Greece. Helen instantly fell in
love with Paris when she saw him. During the night, Paris took Helen away to Troy.

[P.6] When Menelaus heard of his wife's kidnapping, he was enraged. He called all of the kings of
Greece to help to attack Troy. That very moment was the beginning of the Trojan War.

27. Why did Eris throw the golden apple into the wedding on Mt. Olympus?
A. She wanted to make a scene to show her bitterness.
B. She wanted to congratulate the bride and the groom.
C. She did not want the fairest goddess to get the apple.
D. She did not want the wedding ceremony to end well.

28. According to the story, which of the following statements is implied?

A. Paris did not pick Athena or Hera because he was already a prince with riches and wisdom.
B. Paris ended the peace between Troy and Greece when he took Helen out of Sparta.
C. Paris was warmly welcomed because he was closed to King Menelaus of Greece.
D. Paris thought Aphrodite was the fairest because she was the Goddess of Beauty.

29. According to the story, which of the following statements is TRUE?

A. Zeus did not make the final decision because he did want to upset his family members.
B. The three goddesses wanted the apple because it a golden apple was hard to find.
C. Prince Paris was picked by Zeus because Paris was known for his fair judgement.
D. Only Goddess Athena knew that the phrase 'the fairest' meant 'the smartest'.

30. What does the underlined pronoun 'her' in paragraph 4 refer to?
A. Helen B. Hera C. Athena D. Aphrodite

31. What does the underline word 'enraged' in paragraph 6 mean?

A. concerned B. anxious C. petrified D. furious

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