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ehu rndt,sno cAc sd NcuvEtt rd rnonc

ffiTNryfu@a sAr.lc cAc sdruNulEN xfp rHro DUCING xoiru dc

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mAnn rn&eBA
ru

Dinh luong
s+ bitthudng
cfia thi truong
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CAT CAC HINH \ T ONG

\/
f;HflP THAIH D{ f;I {C DIiU

Hinh I bidu dien ciich c6t 2 hinh ruOn-s bang nhau MNEF
vit MNPQ theo c6c dudn-e MP t'a.\.Q roi ghdp chrlng lai
(c6c mAnh r, u, v chuydn den vi tri r '. r/ '. r ') th)nh mdt
hinh vuong ABCD nOi tiep duo. c hinh trdn biin kfnh OB = R
a
= MN (h. l). Di0n tich hinh vudng ABCD ld, S;vlsp = ZR2 = llinh I
25ruxpo.
Lieu c6 thd cit mdt so'nguy1n cdc hinh vu6ng bang nhau canh R r6i gh6p thiLnh m6t da gidc ddu nOi
tiep duoc rrong hinh trdn b6n kinh R khOng ? CAu tri ldi ld didu d5 ldm duoc d6i v6i hinh vu6ng r i\
da giSc ddu 12 canh.

Ddnh cho ban doc

1) Tinh diOn t(chda gi6c ddu 12 canh theo b6n kinh R cua dudng trbn ngoai tidp da gidc d6.
\ HAy vE it nhat 2 c6,ch cdt 3 hinh vuong canh R rdi gh6p th)rnh da gi6c ddu 12 canh nOi tiep duoc
hinh trbn b6n kinh R v6i sd minh cit ra chng it clng tdt.

Gitii ddp: nfrno cfic s6 TU NHI€N x€-p rxe o DuoNG xodn 6c

(Dd ddng tuAn THTT sd 332 thdng 2.2005)

D 101 100 99 98 97 96 95 94 93 92 9t C l) X6t ddy so xuat phdt tir 6 so 1 theo hu6ng

t02 65 64 63 62 6l 60 59 58 57 90 AC trong bAne (h. 2).
103 66 37 36 35 34 33 32 3l 56 89

104 67 38 t7 t6 15 t4 l3 30 55 88

105 68 39 18 5 4 3 t2 29 54 87
Ta nhAn th{y d1= 2 vd,dn-dr-t = 8 v6i n = 2,
106 69 40 19 6 o ) il 28 53 86
3, ... (Cdc ban hdy chrlng minh b[ng quy nap didu
t07 70 4l 20 7 8 9 10 27 52 85
nhy dua vdo su s6p xep ciic s6 theo ciic hinh
108 7t 42 2t 22 23 24 25 26 5l 84 vudng v6i tam o o sd I ) suy ra d,, = 8r - 6.
109 72 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 83 Ta c6 cdng thtic truy hdi cia ddy tren th x, = 1

110 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 8l 82 vi.rn = xn-r * 8n - 14 v6i n = 2,3, 4, ...

A 11r ttz 113 tt4 115 116 tL7 r18 119 L20 t2l B Ttd6 x2-xr=dr=8-6
x3 - xz- d2= 8'2 - 6
Hinh 2
x4-xt-d3=8.3-6
Vdi m6i ddy sd x1, x2, x7, ..., d4t du-t = xr-x,t-l
vdin=2,3,... xn - x,t-t= dr-t = 8(n - l) - 6

COng theo tirng vd c5c ding thrlc trdn duoc

 cdr
rl
Nrrrll{G sAr roAN
CO MTfrU TITTIC BAC ITAI
,l ,.ll al

CUA ITil BIBN SO

rnAN xUAN UY
(C/ THCSTTdn Ddng Ninh, Nam Dinh)

Ta thudng gdp cdc bhi torln c6 chtia biOu thrlc
bAc hai cua hai bien sd, dang tdng qurit li
P(x, y) = oi + bxy + cy2 + dx +ey + h vdi
a.b.c * 0 (1)
Ching han : Giii phuong trinh P(x, y) = 0, tim
gi6 tri nh6 nhdt hay lctn nhdt cira P(x, y), tim
gid tri nh6 nha't hay ldn nhdt cria m6t bidu thttc
cita x, y mi x, y li6n h0 v6i nhau b&i hC thrlc
P(x, y) = 0, v.v...
Dd gi6i c6c bii to6n niy ta thudng phii bidn
Adi p(.r, y) vd dang (2) hoac dang (3) sau diy :
P(x,'y) = *.F2(r, y) +n.GzQ) + k (2)
P(x, y) = m.F2(x, y1 + n.H21x) + k
trong d6 G(y), H(x) ln bidu thfc bAc nhat ddi v6i
bidn, cbn F(x, y) = px * qy + r cfrng lh bidu thric
bic nhdt ddi vdi ci hai bi6n -r vi y.
Ching han ta bidn ddi (1) dd chuydn vd (2)
nhu sau vdi a * 0 vd 4ac - b2 * 0 :
4a.P(x, y) =
= 4a2i + 4abxy + 4acy2 + 4adx + 4aey + 4ah
= 4a2x2 + b2y2 + dz + 4abxy + 4adx + 2bdy +
+ (4ac - b\y2 + 2y(2ae - bd) + 4ah
(2ax + by + df +@ac - a4.12
= '\.' *zo'
- bz r(,
4ac-b2 )
(Zae-bttf
+ 4ah-3 - 4ac-l?
. Neu a < O vd 4ac * b2 >0 th) rz < 0 vd
n < 0, tir (2) c6 P(x, y) < f (**)
De thay rang luOn tdn tai (x, y) dd c6 ddu ding
thrlc. Nhu thd ta giii duo.c bdi to6n tim gi6 tri
nh6 nhdt (truong hgp (*)), gi6 tri lon nhdt
(trudng hqp (**)), cia P(x,y).
Trong ci hai trudng hqp trcn :
- Ndu t = 0 thi phuong trinh P (x, y) = 0 cd
nghi0m.
- Ndu P(x, y) > f > 0 (hoac P(x, t) < tc < 0) thi
kh6ng c6 (x, y) nio th6a mdn P(x,)) = 0.
. Ndu a > O, 4ac - b2 <0 vh t = 0 thi theo (2)
(3) P(x, y) phAn tich duoc thhnh tich 2 nhAn ti?, girip
ta giii duoc ciic bii to6n khdc.
Cich bidn ddi nny c6 dudng l6i cu th€, muc
ti6u x6c dinh, n0n bidn ddi nhanh, ket qui bidn
adi ta Ouy nhdt, do d6 c6 pham vi 6p dung rong
rdi.
Sau ddy li mdt sd kidu vAn dung cta cr{c bidn
ddi tren trong c6c bii to6n dang kh6c nhau.
Bhi 1. Tim gid tri ldn nhdt cfia
D = -51 - 2xy - 2y2 + l4x + lTy - I
-* Ldi gitii.
-5D =25i + lo.ry + lOyz - 70.r - 50y + 5
= Q5* + y2 + 49 + 10ry -70x - l4y) +
+ (9y2 - 36y + 36) - 80
= D = - 5'
1(r** ,-lf -2tv-2\2
5'-
+16 < 16

Vdy c6 (2) vdi * = l, F(x, y) = 2ax+by+d, Ddu ding thfc x6,y ra

4a {5x+v-7 =O lv=2
4ac-b2G[r) j + -----------;
2ae-bd oi e{'
1 = ---t-: = I lJ-2=0 [x=l
4a 4ac-b' Y4y D lon nhdt bang l6 (> (x = l; y =2).
A
d2 (Zae-bd)z Ta c0ng c6 thd dua D vd dang (II) nhu sau :
-
4a 4a(4ac-b2)
't---

D = -!(*+Zv-5\2 -2G-D2 +to

. Ndu a > O vd 4ac - b2 >0 thi ru > 0 vd 2' 2'
(C6c ban tu bidn ddi dd kidm tra lai)
 Bii 2. Tim gid tri nhd nhd? crta Bii5. Tim cdp sd (x, y), y nhd nhdi rhda mdn
P=l +x)+ y2 -3x-3y+2008 l+Sy2+2y-4xy-3=0 (2)
(Dd thi tuydn sinh ldp l0 THPT chuy€n Ngoai
Loi gitii.
ngr DHQG He Noi 2004).
4P = 4x2 - lLx - lTy + 8032
+ 4xy + 4y2
Loi gitii.
= (4i + y2 + 9 + 4ry - l2x - 6y) +
(2) oi - qry + 4y2 + Y2 + 2Y+ I- 4=0
- 6y + 3) + 8020
+ (3yz
e(x-Zy)z+(y+112=4
- p = 1,r..*
4'
r-312 +l(y-t
4'"
l2 +2005 > 2005. v) (x- 2y)2 >0 non g + l)2 <4

Ddu ding thrlc xriY 12 x= g ) = l.

<+(.v+3).(y-l)<0

e l'[v+3--< o e-3<YS1(viY+3>Y-l)
ex=y - l. >0
V4y P nh6 nhdt bang 2005
|.v-l
(Hoac p = !(x+2y-lf +1g-t;2 +2005 )
4'4 Theo didu kiOn y nh6 nhdt ta duo.c y = -3' su)'

Bni 3. Hdy xdc dinh gid tri cila x, y dd c6

rax=-6. r

V4y c4p sd (x = -6; y = -3) le cap sd phrii tim'

ddng thttc
5l+51,2+Bxy+2y-2x+2 -0 (1) Bni 6. Cho x, y liAn hi voi nhau brii hi thtic
Loi gitii. -? +2xy+7(x+y)+2y2 + l0=0 (3)
Hdy tim giit tri ktn nhd't, gid tri nhd nhdi cila
(l) e 25* +25y? + 4AxY + lOY - lOx + l0 = 0 S=x+y+1.
e 25i +16y2 +l +40xy-l0x-8y+9y2+ I 8y+9 = 0
Loi giii.
e(5x +4y- 1)2+9(v+ l)2=g (3) e 4xz + 28x + 28Y + 8Y2 + 40 = 0
+ 8xy
15x+4y-l=O e 4f+4y2+49+8xy+28x + 28y + 4v2 - g = O
c)<
[y+1 = 0 e(2x+2y+7)2+4y2=9 (4)
Kdtqud:x= I i)=-1. Y\4y2 > 0, Vy, suy ra (2x+2Y+7\2 39
(Hoac (l) <+ (4x+ 5y + l)2 + 9(-r - l)2 = 0)
a (2x+2y+7 +3)(2x+2y+7 -3) < 0
Bii 4. Gidi he philong trinh <+ (-r+y+5Xx+y+2) <0
lr' -oy' -xy-2x+lly =J
tJ <+ {lx+y+5>0 ..
(vr.r+y+5>-r+.v+2 V(-r,y))
'
la'r- S0
[x+y+2
[x'+Y'=5
Loi giii. Phuong trinh thf nhAt cria h0
[s>-+
<+{
e 4i - 24y' - 4xy - 8x + 44y = l) |.s<-l
o(2x-y-Z)z -(5y- 4)2=0 V4y S c6 gi6 tri nh6 nhdt bang -4 khi ) = 0,
e (2x - v -2-5y + 4).(2 x - y -2+5 y-4)=0 .r = -5 vh gid tri ldn nhdt bang -l khi -v = 0,
-_-,)
o flx-6y+2=0
a [x=3y-l
Nhdn xet th€m. Ta x6t ding thric (4) vdi x, y
lzr*+y-6=o lx=-2y+3 nguyOn :
(Hoac (x+l2y-ll)2 - (5x-T2 = A +2y +7 lb > (2x +2y +T2 > O
2x
x=3y-l <l I
<>t
I
= 4y2< 9 suy rayz =Y =+ ;Y=0.
lx=-2y+3 ) Ndu y = +l thi (4) tr6 thinh (2x + 912 = 5 hoirc
Ta girii hai h0 phuong trlnh sau : (2x + 5)2 = 5 ddu khong cd x nguycn th6a mdn'
Ndu y = 0 thi (4) trd thhnh (2r + 7)2
{[x=3y-l v}r{,
- lx=3-Zv =g'
,"- duoc4nghi€m f2x+7=3<+lfx=-2
lP +yz =5 +y" =5 l( ol
(r, y) lI (-2,2; -0,4) ; (2; l) ; (-l;2) ; (2,2;0,4) l2x+7 =-3 [x=-5

2
 4
Vdy trong Z, phrtong trinh (3) c6 hai nghiOm BANG CAC SO TU NHIEN.,. (ridp bia 2)
(x = -2;y = 0) ; (x = -5; y = 0).
Ta c6 c6ng thric tdng qu6t cua ddy trOn lb
Nhu thd ta c6 m6t c6ch khr{c dd gi6i phuong
! trinh nghi€m nguyOn dang P(x, )) = 0 (kh6c vdi
cdch giAi dua vio ddu hi6u c6 nghiem cira
xn = 4n2 - 10n + 7 v6i n = l, 2, 3, ...
Y6i n = 7 k (k = l, 2, 3, ...) thi x, chia hdt cho
phuong trinh b0c hai). 7 n€n ddy trOn chrla vO han hqP sd.
Bhi 7. Tim cdc s6'nguy€n x. y thda mdn bdt LAp luAn tuc,ng tu nhu trcn v6i cic ddy sd kh6c.
ddng thttc 2)DdY sdx, = l,xz=7,x3=21 ,x4=43,...c6
l0l + 20y2 + 24xy + 8x-24y + 51<0 (5) cOng thtlc lb x,, = 4nz - 6n + 3 vdi n = 1,2,3, ...

Loi gitii. Y6i n = 3k (k = l, 2, 3,...) thi xnchiahet cho 3

nOn ddy chrla vO han hqp sd.
(5) <+ 25f + 50y2 + 60ry + 20x - 60y + 127,5
3) Day sd x, = l. *2= 5, x3 = 17 , x4= 37 , -.. c6
<0.
cOng thfc llrx, - 4nt - 8n+ 5 vdi n = 1,2,3, ...
e 25x2 + 36y2 + 4 + 6Oxy + 20x + 24y + l4yz - Y6i n = 5k (k = 1,2, 3,...) thi x, chia hdt cho
- 84y + 126 -2,5 <0. 5 nOn ddy chrla v0 han hqp s6.
e +2)2 + l4$t - 3)2 <2,5
(5-r + 6y (6)
4) Day s6.r, = 5, xz= 15, xj = 33, xs= 59, ... c6
vdi y - 3, (6) rr& thlnh 25(-r + 4)2 < 2,5, suy ra
c6ng thtlc ld xn=4rt -2n+3 vdi n= 1,2,3, ...
x = -4.V4y x = -4; y = 3 th6a mdn (5).
Ydr n = 3k (k = 1,2, 3,...) thl xn chia hdt cho
(Hoac (5) e (3x+5y4f +Zrt*++f <t,zs 3 n0n d6y chrla vO han hqp s6.
5) Day s6x, = 5, xz= 19, x1= 41, x4=71, ... c6
cflng cho cing mQt kdt qui).
c6ng thfc ld xn=4n2 +Zn-l vdi n = 1,2,3, ...
Vdi ci{c c6ch bidn ddi tren, c6c ban hay giii
cdc bdi tap sau ddy : Ydi n = 5k + 1 (k = 1,2, 3, ...) thi x, chia hdt
cho 5 ndn ddy chfa v6 han hgP s6.
Bdi 1 .Ttm cic cdp s6 (-r, y) dd bidu thfc
6) Dey sox, = 5,x2= 16,x3=35,x4=62...c6
-i - y' + xy + 2x + 2y dat giri tri l6n nhdt. cong thfc li x, = 4n2 - n + 2 vdi n = 1,2,3, -..
Bdi 2. Arc x, y, zldc6c sd thuc th6a mdn
Ydi n = 2k (k = 1,2,3,...) thi x, chia hdt cho
x + y + z = 6. Tim gi6 tri l6n nhdt cfra bidu 2 n€n ddy chrla vO han hqp sd.
th(rc M - xy+2yz+32x.
BAi 3. Chring t6 rang kh6ng c6 cdc sd thuc x,
\ DnY sd x, = 5, xz = 19' *, = 39, xo = $9, .-.
c6 c6ng thfc th xn = 4n2 + n = n(4n+l) v6i
i y nio th6a m6n ding thrlc
n=1,2,3,...
I t + 3y2 + 20 =ZxtO + l) + lOy Diy niy toin hqp sd vdi moi n > l.
t BAi 4. Tim gi6 tri nh6 nhdt, gi6 tri l6n nhdt
chrtr'a

8) DaY sd x, = 7, x2= 2?, r, = 45, xa = 76, .-.

cfia B = r + y v6i x, y lh c6c sd thuc th6a mdn c6 c6ng thrlc ld xn = 4i2 + 3n = n(4n+3) vdi
didu kiOn :
n= 1,2,3,...
3*+y2+2ry+4=7x+3y. Ddy niy chri'a todn hqp sd v6i moi n > 1.
Bdi 5. Chung t6 rang hQ phuong trinh sau chi Nhi to6n hoc M! Sta-ni-xlap U-lam cing vdi
c6 m6t nghidm duy nhi't c6c c6ng su ctta 6ng d6 lip chucrng trinh cho
mr{y tfnh MANIAC dd bidu thi c6c sd nguydn td
ltoP + S y2 -2xy -38x -6 y+ 4l = 0
trong bing c6c sd tu nhi0n nh6 hon 65000 xdp
theo dudng xoin oc.
llf -zy' +5xy-17 x-6y+20 =o
Tr0n bia 1 THTT sd niy trinh biy Bdu trdi
Bdi 6. GLai hd phuong trinh
sao cdc sd nguy€n td trong bdng cdc so try nhiAn
P- I S ry + 4y2 - l2x + 45 y -24 = 0 nhd hon 10000 xdp theo dudng xodn 6'c ci-ra U-
fz
lam. Nhidu vdn dd vd su phdn bd c6c s6 nguy€n
It -zy'+3y-3x+xy = Q
td trong bing cria U-lam cdn chua du-o.c kh6m
Bdi 7. Trm nghidm nguy6n cria phuong trinh ph6, ch?ng hin : Tdn tai chang m6t duong thang
hodc m6t tia chfa v6 han sd nguY€n td ?
l*rY+Y2=2x+Y (km fiep rang l3)
 utjdNc nAN GIAI ni rru ruvdx SINH VAo l,dp to
mUdxc Qucic Hqc Huri NAM 2oo4
j35, tAn THTT thdng 5 ndm 2005)
@A thi itd ildng sd

Bei 1. 1) Didu kien ddi v6i a, b Ad tidu thfc A

lab>0 V4y PT: -r2 + z( t+L\***,[o*l)'
\.k/\k/
=o cung
duoc xeic dinh' : {
la*O c6 nghi0m.
2)Ydiab>0vha>0tac6: Bii 4. l) Vi (D) di qua A (-r;3) vd B (2;01
(-a+b=3 (a=-l
F, Jou-Jo2 JA Ga-'loz nOn{ e {
.4 = -i-
\a o a o l2a+6=0 lb=Z
l-. 2) PT hodnh d0 giao didm ciia (D) vh (P) ln :

4qb -'/ab +! a' ki =-*+2<> k* +x-2=0(k+0)

--=1 a Duong thfrng (D) tidp xric vdi parabol (P) khi
Ydi ab) 0 vi a < 0 thi b < 0 n6n : vd chi khi :

"-!a
l; JA-'IF J,b J,b-'tF W ki
+ x - 2= 0 (t * 0) c6 nghiem k6P <+
a lal a A=0<>l+8k=0<) k=-!.8
-2'lab -a -2'lab i BAi s. 1) Ndi CH cat AB ta\ r. yig li truc
=-=--- aa
tdm MBC n€n CF L AB. Ta c6 CHI = 90" '
lP $v' =t
l){
Ito* - 4 frdr =so" - file = 6Fe.
Bni2. 'Ai-)=l
<+{
[-y'+3Y=1 2) KA dudng
kinh CD cira
[,r,=fi [,r,=fr dudng trdn (O).
olltll s el s Khi d6
--:-
la+3v=l Iy=- BCD=BAD =
ls t5 ABE=FCE
VQy hQ PT trcn c6 hai nghi€m (x, Y) li
(Jror) ( Jro r'\ =NE,mit
^ =
[?';J '[- r ''.,l NE+EIC
90o nOn
2)Tac6 x+lx - 1l> 5
BCD+EIC
llr.l = 90o hay EI LCO.
llx+t-x>s e-r>J.
(x>t
'
t.:l' <>{ 3) Ta c6 CHE=CAR=CDB nan hai tam gi6c
| [r>r l,r3 vuOng CHE vir CDB d6ng dang, d6n ddn :
[r+x-t>s cH
Bni 3. Phuong trinh x2 + 2mx * n = 0 c6
-cE o). Do frE=6ao ncn fdi=3ff
CD CB
nghiOm € m2 - n> O n€n bi0t thrlc cira PT
* cE = cB . tt (1) c5 +=1,
2 CDz
suv ra
* +z(-(k +l-\** *,( *L\ o =o ru CH = CO (dpcm). C{ch kh6c : LOCK = NICE
k) \ k/ trong d6 K li trung didm ciia BC.
NGUYEN PHUOC
o,=(o.i)' * -,?.tJ =?.tJ e* -d >o (6/ THCS Htong Long,ThilaThi€n - Hu€)
 e{ [*=J5v-t ei lr=.6v-l
l+y' -4{3y+3=o lrzy-J3;2 =6

efru€in bi v4y hQ c6 nghiem (x; y) =

[+,9
\-
t
)
fhi vao C6 thd gi6i nhd srl dung phuong phr{p luong
DK:r Dge gi6c bang c6ch dat J=COSCI,]=COSYVdi
cr,y€[0,rc].
2)DK:0<x * lL;l ,.|. Do thay x =lld
,
clup BAN TUON THI 14'16' )
mOt nghiOm cira bat m di cho. Y6i x + l, dar
HI1ONG oAr,t ctit log*Z=t .

Di ON LUYEN sd + BPT dang x6t tr& thdnh

(Dd ild ildng tAn THTT sd 335, 102t6 (21-1X13l+5)
thdng 5 ndm 2005) <]'
l+Zt l+4t l-t (1+2t)(l+4tXl -r)
CAu I. 1) Ban doc tu giii. -+->-
1-5 1
DGiest(d)c6PT:y=ax+b --<t <- -l.lon- 2_-
2t3 2""13
Goi x1, x2,4ldn lucrt ld hoinh dO c6c didm A,
ll <-
B, C thu6c (d). Tidp tuydn v6i d6 thi (C) ctra --<, hav -l.ton- z<l
him sd tai A c6 PT : 42 4"n2
y = G4 -3)(,r-x1;+xf -3x1 +2 (d,)
t>l log*2>l
PT hoinh dO giao didm cira (c/,) vn (O ln
11
------=1x<-
x3-3x+2=(2fi -111x-xr)+.Q 4.rr+2 -D<bs-z<-z
e (x - x)2(x + Zxr) = g
)-eA 4V8 4

(dr) c6t (C) ldn nfta tai didm A' c6 hoinh dd flos. x>2 x>4
=
X,1= -2*', llog2 x<-+ I
Qaya-
Tuong tu hohnh dQ B', C' ldn lucn ld 0<log2.rcl l6
x'2 = -Zxy
= -Zxz; x'3 l<x<2
A, B, C c6 hohnh d6.r; th6a min phuong trinh:
axi+b= f 4xi+2 (i=1,2,3) (*)
*t.
= --=t- ti = 1,2,3) do d6 tir (*) suy ra
mi x,,2
Vay BPT c6 nghiOm nhu tr6n.
x'i3 -3x'ia2 ='(9+4a)x'; + 18 - 8b ; hay CAu III. l) Ki hieu S th diQn tfch tam gi6c
y',= (4a+9)x', + (18-8b) (vi A', B', C' e (C))
ABC tac6 :
r bcsinA=--'
S='216 bcJr5
--
Tga dQ (x'i ,y'i) (i = 1, 2, 3) crta c6c c6c didm
A', B', C'th6a min phuong trinh : . l--
y = (4a+9)x + (18-8b) (d) Dos=a'lLJ n€nbc=4a2 (1)
4
nOn A', B', C'thuOc duong thing (d) (dpcm). _ 15
CAU II. l) DK : l"rl ; lyls 1 Lai c6 : a2 = b2+cz-ZbccosA = 1b+c)2 - TU,
(f
l'lJl-v2
'
"
=t-x o | *
{
-2*+y2 =g 1 s2 = (b+c)z - 15?' (do (l))
luP-*-, lr2 -z'ltv+v2 =-Z *b+c= o Q)
 b+c I I 3x+y=05)=-3x
Tilfl) (2tc6 =-1 o *1 = (r,) cat (d1) vh (d2) tuong fng tai A vh B thi
bc a bc a
Nhdn S vho hai ve suy ra ho+hr=ho. / I 3\3 srea = Lur=E
o[-;';J (uud,,
2) Hlm sd 2--- s
/x)x o TH2: (rr) wong g5c v6i (Az) vi di qua goc
v= f(x) =sinl{ I+6"or- l=sln-+Jstn.r
2[ 2) 2
toad0 nOn c6dang : x - 3Y=0 =
tudn hohn chu ki 4m. =, I*.
Ta x6t y =J(x), vdi x e [0,4n] (tz) cat (d1) vh (d2) tuong ung tai A1 vh 81 thi

C6 y'= 1.or{*3.osx
'22 =0 o, = (-1,-lJ
\ ) ))
* s,o,u, =)re? =+(dvdt)
[")
l" '2) Cdch 1: PP tdng hoo : Chri Y LABC,
ICOS-=-
<+ 12cos2 '*.o.'-6=0 et I 23 MOtCt li c6c tam gi6c ddu canh bing a. DUng
mat phing qua DE song song vdi AtF l?t (ADE)
22 lx3
lcos-=--
124 thi kho6ng c6ch d(,\F,DE) =fl14p,(ADE)) .
)'=0C> x=xiG= lr), x; e [0,4n). Dung mdt phing di qua E vuOng g6c vdi Af
Khi d6 nhu sau:
MaxY - Max Y= Max{/(x; );/(0);/(at) } -Ke EJ I A'F thi
R [0;4n] .I li trung didm cira
vh chi x6t sd kh6ng 6m suy ra Af (1)

Maxy =Max]5v5 '

'- - -11
/' 'U>--.
-) 5Js - K6 -I1J.4,A trong
mp (AA,F) thi
R' [3 8 ) 3
IJLA! 1lh trung
vd
Gie ri l6n nhdt dat duoc khi didm cira AD
(2)
.xJir
SID-=- I
x2
COS-=->O
\ Tt (l), (2) c6
2 3 \ Z3 mp (EII) L Af .
I

)
Trong mp (Efl k6
f x=2a.. +k4n
<+ I (*) JKLIEtac6
lx=2(n-o'o)+k4n JK = d(Af), (ADE)).
T:
(vor slncro=
. V) ^ 7r. Tac6 JE = B€J4 = al4 ; JI = a.
tU<Go<2 )
3 Trong LAIE c61P = ',[tr* -472 =
=x-Zao+k4n,keZ. oJn
a.\ +,+r* -Qqo2 l+) =
CAu IV. 1) C6 cic v6cto ph6p tuydn
f,r=12,-l) vit $ = (1, 2) nOn ,r.nr=0, suy ra Trong NIE c6 r* = " r!' =
og .

(dr) I (d2). Gqi 1 li giao didm ciia (d') vd (d2) IE 17

thi 1 (1; 3). Duong th&ng (r) qua g6c toa dd O Cdch 2. PP toa d6:
tao vdi (d), (d) tam gi6c c6n dinh I e (t) Chon h0 truc toa dd Oryz sao cho O = A-r ; c6c
vu6ng g6c v6i phAn gi6c cira g6c tao b6i (d1) truc nhu hinh ve vI don vi tren moi truc bing a.
vd (d).
A,(0;0;0) ;
/
fl0;;'r1.^) .,[n.6.,) .

PT phdn gi6c g6c tao b6i (d) vd (d2) :

\ 2'",'"t" 2")'
llx-y+ll _lx+2y-71 ., [x-3f +8=0 (Ar )
"fr .-[er+y-6=0(Az)
,,[ ,[i,f,, ,_[_i,f,,) ,

Xiy ra 2 trudng hqp (TH) ddi v6i(0 :

t THl: (r,) vuong g6c vdi (A1) vi di qua gdc
toa dO nOn c6 dang :
ur[*+'r, ar[i,f,,) TiI d6 G

6
 ,rring w{ {r)Qc *tt sfu'rE (Ac sn{a, 'T,ftu{F,fit Ch{c ["ri.fr'tufrit t\t.,itt kryh'
Nghy 31.5.2005 tai Hoi trudng B0 Gi6o duc
vh Ddo tao d6 diOn ra LO tdng kdt CuOc thi sring
tiic tho, truy0n cho lfa tudi Mdm non do Nhd
xu6t b6n Girio duc vh Vu Gi6o duc Mdm non
I thu0c 86 Gi6o duc vi Ddo tao ddng td chfrc.
Ph6 Chu tich nu6c Truong M! Hoa dd ddn du,
ph6t bidu vd trao giAi nhdt c-tra CuOc thi. Bd Dang
Hu!'nh Mai, Thf truong BO Gi6o d^gc vd Dho tao
!
nhdn manh nghra cua CuOc thi. Ong NgO Trdn
Ai, Cf,u tich HDQT, Tdng Gi6m ddc NXB Girio
duc doc bi{o c5o tting ket CuOc thi. Nhh tho Trdn
Dang Khoa, tiy vi€n Ban chdp hhnh Hoi Nhi van
Vi6t Nam, Tru&ng ban Gi6m kh6o da ndu lOn
nhfrng cim nhAn vd c6c t6c phdm.
Sau hon m6t n6m ph6t d6ng dd c6 15901 bii
du thi cria 8199 t6c giA tham du cuoc thi, trong
d5 c6 ci{c nh}r gi6o, nh} v6n, c6c hoc sinh
sinh vi6n, dac bi0t c6 cA hoc sinh l6p 3 vh cu gi)r
a,
80 tudi. Ban td chfc dd trao I giiii nhat, 3 gidi
nhi, 6 giii ba vh 12 giii khuyen khich cho the
loai truy€n, 3 gi:ii nhi, 6 giii ba vi 12 giai
khuydn khfch chb thd loai tho. Ban td chric cfrng
dd tiao I girii cho tdc giir nh6 tudi nhat, 1 giAi
cho tiic gii cao tudi nhdt vI I gi6i cho tr{c giA
ngudi dAn toc thidu s6. Tidn thuong cdc giii cd
n[an do NXB Gi6o duc tang. Ong Giam ddc Td
chrlc cfu tro tre em tai ViOt Nam cua My da
trao 2 girii thuong tap thd cho ciic Phdng Gi6o
duc vd Diro tao c6 nhidu tdc giA du thi.
C6c t6c phdm du thi da lhm phong phri hon
kho ting tho truyOn Vi0t Nam dinh cholfa tudi
mAu giao, nhi- ddng.' NQi dung nhidu cAu
chuy€n, truyOn tranh vh tho n6i vd thiOn nhiOn,
vd nhtng sinh hoat hhng nghy,.Ye giu dinh bd
ban, tuy ng6n gon nhLmg ddu ti€m dn y nghia
gi6o duc nhe nhhng mb sau s6c.
P.V

H${"e HUAr eAro cIAo DUC X,rr ila*la vcn *Ae rgurris-f, F:i{i'fft*Fis
vA rAxe sAeH ego Hoe sil*i
. Ngly 21.5.2005 tai H6i trudng cira Trudng o Nhdn dip tridn lam, hOi cho siich tai Vinh'
THCS Giang V6, Ha Nqi dd tien hhnh Lc kdt Ngh0 An vio ngiy 17 vd 18.5.2005, Nhh xuat
-NXg Ciao duc vdi 5 truong phd Uin biao duc da iang 200 suat hoc bdng gdm
nghia gifra
thong 6 Ha Ngi li cdc trudng THP| Trdn Phri, sr{ch, vd vh titin mit tri gi6 300.000 ddng x 200
THCS Ngd Si Li0n, THCS Giring Vo, TH.Kim = 60.000.000 ddng cho hoc sinh nghdo vucrt
Li6n, PTDL Nguy0n Si6u. Nhdn dip niy NXB kh5, hoc luc khi{, dao dtlc t6t cua NghC An.
Gi6o duc di tang m6i trudng c6c siich giiio C6ng ty s6ch - thidt bi TH NghO An cfrng tang
khoa, siich tham khAo tri girl 10.000.000 ddng 60 suat hoc bdng tri gi6 300.000 ddng x 60 =
vi tang cho hoc sinh gi6i m6i trudng 100 phdn 18.000.000 ddng cho hoc sinh nghdo vucrt kh6.
t- thu&ng bing s6ch tri gir{ 100.000 ddng x 100 =
r 10.000.000 ddng.
P.V.
I
lo

G reo:,-J.t=[*,r,-+) Ddtu=
'
L=r-* )du= -e-''dr=-d'
a-( e'

Jn . tek l2)"(2 "1ry(r l2)d-r

d(Ar F:DE) =
'
llED:ArF).4E|
-:'---.=- -tt= 'e'l,dc\I T I

llED:ArF)l- t7
r..
u| - -----dx -} r'= tg(xl2l
VAy khoing c6ch gifra A1F vit DE|_ 2cos'(x 12)
+
CAu V. ," _ "f zsin(.r l2l:os(x l2)
d., ="t(
rgi.x lz)
0.,
" i 2d cosz (x 12) d ,r
t ="tl ar -"tf sinxdx .. = rt - r: i
j (1+cosx;e' (l+cosx)e' tg(xl2)"('
d I"-
) I = L-r - -z ,n =+ .

rl2 t12 er ,",,

dx
x€tt,- jI;?;=
dx
I zr* NGUYEN THANH GIANG
(1+cos"r)e' d "o"21xl21 (6/
THPT chuYAn HangY€n)
 A'a')rrra

TIEP TUyEil $tr to THI Hfi]'l BfC Bfi

NGUYEN NGOC KHOA
(Cr\/ THPT chuy€n Le Khi|i, Qudng N gdi)

Trong bhi viet "Bdi todn vd dudng thdng cdt (PD bac hai/'(x) = k c6 it nhdt 3 nghiOm phAn
d6 th1 hdm bdc ba" (TH&TT sd 299 thSng biOt x,, x2, c. Didu nly khOng xiiY ra.
512002) tdc gii Trdn Xudn Bang da n6u ra mOt TC2 cfrng c6 thd phrit bidu Ld: N€'u mbt dtdng
sd tinh ctrdt GC) vd dudng thing cit dd thi hhm thdng tiap nic vdi (C) rhi chi tt€p xilc tai mot
bdc ba. Bhi vidt nlLy nOu th€m mQt sd tinh chdt didm.
liOn quan den tidp tuydn cria dd thi hbm bAc ba
nham cung cdp thOm m6t sd kidn thrlc tham Ta x6t Bhi to6n tdng quit vi k6 ti6p tuyen
khrio girip ciic b4n chudn bi thi vdo c6c trudng ttdn (C) :
Dai hoc, Cao dang. Tim tdp hqp cdc didm md tt dd kd duoc dilng
GiA su him sd: n tidp ruy€h den G) vrti n ldn laot bdng I , 2, 3.
(l) Goi (A) Ih duong thing qua M (xo; yo) vh c6
!=ax3+ui+cx+d(a+O) hC sd g6c f thi (A) c5 PT ! = k(x -xo) * )o.
c6 dd thi la (O.
(A) tiep xric vdi (C) e h0 phuong tr)nh (I)
TClzTiep tuy€h vdi (C) tai didm udn cfia (C) sau c6 nghiCm :
c6 phuong trinh
fa.r3 +b.rz *cx*cl = k(x-x,,)+y, (3)
(n2)a3 )
-),=lr._al_*--L^+a
1. 3o) 27at
(2)
l3ax2 +2b.r +t' =k @)
Thay the fr ti (4) vio (3) vd thu gon ta c PT
duo.
Chftng minh :Tinh dao hirm bAc nhAl. bAc hai 2ax3 + (b-3ax)rz - 2bxsc - cxo - cl + yo= 0(5)
ciia hlm sd (l) vd tim duo.c toa do diem uon
Ta thdy m5i nghiCm x cira PT(5) tuong rlng
(n2h3bc\ vdi mOt sd ft duo. c x6c dinh b6i (4) vh cho mdt
r I -+'
::--Y:-+a l. tir d6 suy ra (2)
\ Ja 27a" Ja ) tidp tuydn (A) k6 tir M (xo; y") ddn (C).
Gqi S(x) lh vd tr6i cria PT (5) ta c6
Dat(x) =al +b* + cx+ d (a*0) vi
( n2) t' g'(x) = 6a? + 2(b - 3ax)x -Zbxo
h(x)=1,-'"), -f7*, L'r'= (b - 3ax)2 + l\abxo= (b + 3ax.)2
Ta x6t so c6c nghiOm ciia PT (5) theo vi tri
Goi tidp tuydn tai didm uon cira (C) ln (D) vn cia M.
dudng thing di qua didm udn 1 mh vu6ng g5c _b thiA's,=0-
vdi truc holnh la (E). C{c dd thi (C) vI (D) chia
Trudng hop l: V6i xo =
3a
mat phing thhnh 4 mi6n rdi nlpu, llroqg ke^(C) g(x) don diOu tr0n R rt (5) c5 dfng I
vh'(D). titrieu 4 midn d5 Ih o,@, @ o' nghi€m thuc -r, ta c6
(xem hinh 1,2,3).

TCZz Khdng tdn tai dudng thdng ti€p xric voi

(C) tqi hai didm phdn bi€r thubc (C).
Chfing minh : Giti sii A li duong-thing c6 h0
s6 g6c I vi tidp xfc vdi (C) tai 2 didm phan biet
Mt @v/(rr)), M2(xz,/(-r2)) thu6c (C), trong d6
x1 * x2thi ta c6
f (r-r):!(rr)_
f '(xt)=f '(x2\= L .yt_x2 = 1,

Theo dinh li La-grdng tdn tai c e (x1' x2)

.. -f(xr )- f (x2) = f'(c). TU d6 phuong trinh
\-x2 Hinh l

8
 TC3: Til m6i didm r€n dadng thdng @) di Khd ndng -i. FrI (5) c6 dfng 3 nghidm <>

qua didm udn I cila (C) cd Pf * = -!,

3a
kd I tt'> f(x'l
duoc dilng I tidp tuy€h den C g.l) ^ l[Y,, <h(x,,)
,co'8cr < u <) (III)
Trudng hW 2.Vdi xo* -{ 'n s'@) c6 2 | sv,,.1 {*,,)
[x, rat*,,I
nghiOm x=xo,*= -*. TC6:Tdp
h. p nhfing
Ggi g.o vh g.r ld gid tri cuc dai vi cuc tidu cira didm md til
him s6 g(x). d6 kd dtroc 3
Sco.8gr = ti€p ruyAh
dah (c) td
lzafi +@-lo*,,) fi -Zbxn xo - c xn - d + y,) " nhfing didm
(xo; yo) thda
mdn (lll), tfic
" lr,(- *) + (b -3 ax o,(- *)' - ld nhfrng
didm thubc
- 2bxo(-*)-,-.-o*r,) miin(A vd
@ rin cdc
hinh 1,2,3. Hinh 3
= (to-fQo\(y,-h(x.1)
T[ 6 tinh chdt trcn ta c6 :
T[ h0 th(rc niy c6 3 khri nang xiiy ra :
TCTz Ch{ cb duy nhdt mdt didm ran G) md
Khd ndng 1. m (5) c6 dring I nghidm <> tt dd kd duoc dfing I tidp tuy€n den rc) h didm
udn I cila (C).
I
l')
lY"'f\xn) Thi du 1. TD nhfing didm trcn dudng thing
x = 2 kd, duo. c bao nhiOu tiep tuydn ddn dd thi
8co.Scr>o<> I
I {y".
!'"' f(x.)
'^'*o' u, .
(C) cfia hdm sd ! = x3 - 6? +9x- I .
h(xn) Hrong ddn gidi; (C) c6 didm udn / vdi hodnh
Ltr,. dO cira l bang 2. Theo TC3 c6 dfng I tidp tuy6n.
Kdt hqp TC3 ta c6 Thi dU 2. Tim nhfrng didm thuoc duong thing
TC4zTdp ho.p
nhrtng didm md
(A) c5 PT: ) -2x- 6 mi ttd6 k6 du-o.c drtng2
ilr dd kd duo.c ti6p tuydn ddn dd thi (C) cila him sd -y - ,3-5..2.
dilng I tiep Hudng ddn gidi: (C) c6 didm udn 1 kh6ng
ruy€n dah G) ld thuoc (A). Ti6p tuydn (D) vdi (C) tai didm udn c5
nhrtng didm cd
tqa dQ 6n, yo) PT li '327
v = -T* *125 .

thda mdn (ll), Theo TCS c6 nhfrng didm cdn tim ld giao
titc ld nhfing
didm cira (A) vn (C), cira (A) vn (D).
didm thu\c midn
@ra @ ten *3 - 5i =2x - 6 e
(x -DG - 4x -6) = o
[x=
cdc hinh I , 2, 3.
Khd ndng 2. t_ I
trf (5) c6 dfing
<+ l, = z+Jto
I
Hinh 2 hai nghiOm thuc l*=z-Jro
l_v^=f(xn) 25 +-=Lx-b
r25 <+,r-
287
<+.9co..gcr-0a> l"' 3 27
1
yo = h(xo) -279
TCS.Trip ho.p nhrtng didm md tt dd kd dtoc
VAy c6c didm cdn tim li (1, -4), 12+Jl0;
(ry,
\n9 - ry')
ding 2 ilAp ruy€h den G) ld tQp ho.p cdc didm zJ-ro -z),(2- J o ; -ztm -z),
279 )
thubc (C)vd (D) khbng kd didm udn I.
Qkm ti€it trang 25)
 A
,6
KET QUA Tffil G[48 E&Affi :?v BAM& fu!&W THNS{ ffi& TffiK
TRfrH T&p elti r $Aht ffi$c ru 0! TRH ru&M H&$ k$*4*?&fi-E
CuOc thi Giai to6n bang m6y tinh b6 trii cua
chring ta dd qua ba chang' Dd thi duoc dang tr6n
tup ihi vdo ctic so th6ng 11.2004, 1.2005,
3'.2005. Mac dil ban thi hoc ki, thi hoc sinh gi6i
vi thi cudi nam nhtmg-Ongrat nhidu ban d6 tham gia
gui bli. D6 lilthhnh ddu ti6n cria cu6c thi'
Giii bli ki trudc dia chi.grli bhi
knac vOi miic
vd trAi khap'ba midn. C6c trudng & mi6n Nam
da tham gii dong drio. D6 lb thdnh c6ng thrl hai
cria cuoJ thi" Sd cAu cdc ban giAi ddng kh6
nhitiu. Chring toi phii cAn nhdc rat lAu d€i quyet
dinh nhftng ban niro doqt gi6i. D6 le thinh cOng
thf ba cuicuOc thi. Tren tdt criL li c6c ban dd c6
duoc mot hgc ki hoc tAp Ud fch nhd rdn luyOn
khi nang sil dung m6y tinh qua hoc tAp tir xa'
D6 chin"h li mong mlon cui n"hfrng ngudi td
chfc cudc thi nhY.
Sau dty ld danh s6ch ciic ban dbat giAi cA nam
hoc:
GIAI NHAT:
Dinh Vdn Sotz, nghy sinh 03.08.1989' 10T'
THm chuy6n Hi finh.
GIAI NHi
\ NguyAnThu Hd, nghy sinh 09.12.1990, 98'
trudng THCS LAp Thach, VInh Phric.
2) Hodns Vfi Hanh, nghy sinh 17.0'1.1989,
l0T, THP| chuY€n Lam Son, Thanh H6a.
GIA,I BA
l) HodngThi CdmTi, ngity sinh l7'03'1990'
98, THCS LAp Thach,Vinh Phtic.
2) NguydnThanh Phong, nghy sinh 20'08.1988'
I lAl, THP| Thanh Binh, Ddng ThdP.
3) {ti fh1 Quy, ng}ry sinh 19.10.1989, l0A,
THm Kr6ng Ana, Kr6ng Ana, Dik Lik.
GIAI TAP THf,:TrudngTHPT Thanh Binh l,
Ddng Th6p.
cAc LoP'TRUNG HQC C0 S0
CS. T4p hqp cdc gi6 tri cua phdn
Bei 11.
x+l
thfc A = 'i -7'" ' ' ld t4p cdc gi6 tri cira
2x2
I +4x+5
tham sd A dd phuong trinh
(A-2)x2 + (4A + 7)x + 5A - I = 0 c6 nghiOm'
10
Irc'tt
GIAI KI-IUYEN rsicH ,
l) Mac Tht' Tnrdng, ngey sinh 04.1 I .1991 '
8D, THCS Ldp Thach, LAp Thach, Vrnh Phtic.
2) Hodng V dn Td, ngdy sinh I I . l2.l99l ' 8D'
THCS ThAn NhAn Trung, ViOt Y0n, Bic Giang'
3) QudchTfi Anh, nghy sinh 13.03.1990,9G,
THCS TT Di€m Didn, Thdi Thuv, Th6i Binh.
4) Nguyen fhi Thu Phrong,, nghy- sinh
23.12.1990. 9A, THCS Xudn Loi, LAp Thach'
Vinh Phric.
, Le Bni Tidn DuY, 10 To6n, THFrf chuYOn
Lo H6ng Phong, TP Hd Chi Minh.
6) Nguydn Thi Hqnh Dung, ngay sinh
29.ll.l989,l-dp l0 To6n, THPT chuy€n Hh Tinh'
7) Dinh Thi Thu Hd, ngdy sinh 16.05'1989'
l0A, THPI KrOng Ana, Kr6ng Ana, Dnk Lnk
8) Hd Thi\n Chuong, 09.11.1988' l lAl'
THm Thanh Binh I, Thanh Binh, Ddng Thr{p'
9) Nguy€n Anh Bien, nghy sinh 27.12'1988,
11A1, tfiff Thanh Binh I, Thanh Binh, Ddng
Thdp.
rc) LA Thi Mai Trinh, ngiy sinh 05.03.1988'
llAi, THPi Thanh Binh I, Thanh Binh, Ddng
Th6p.
lD LeThiTdm, nghy sinh 16.O2.1988. I lAl'
THft Thanir B'inh l,-Thanh Binh' Ddng Thdp;;'
12) Nguy€n Thuy Phtong Linh' nghy sinh
10.03.19ri9, l1Al, THIrI Thanh Binh I, Thanh
Binh, D6ng ThdP.
B) Bni Hdi Au, ngiiy sinh 02.06.1981, l2A2'
THm Nguy€n Drlc Cinh, TP. Thdi Binh'
14) Nguydn Thi Tho, nghy. sinh 30-04'1987,
Luong Dic Bang, Hoang H6a,
tzei, fH-fr
Thanh H6a.
Chfc mung cdcban doat girii.
Sau dAy ln d6p 6n dot 3 c6 dd ra in tr6n THT|
sd 333 thdng 3.2005.
trinh d6 tro thhnh
Neu A = 2 thi phuong
l5x + 9 = 0 vh n6 c6 nghi6m. Ndu A + 2 th\
phuong trinh n6i trOn li phuong trinh bAc hai vh
n6 c6 nghiOm khi vi chi khi
6 = (4A +7)' - 4(A - 2X5A - l) > 0.
 luoosuyra
2s4.,114
<A<-2s+;h4 cos'x+t3- G)cosx +7 -3G=0.
2 2 Tir d6 c6 hai gi6 tri ciia cos x nhung chi c6
4A+7 gi6 tri duong le thich hop. Do d6 x = 6J"54'33".
Dau bang xiy ra khi x=
4-2A Bhi 14. CS. Trudc het cdn chfng minh rang
Gi6 tri nh6 nhdt cua A ld m - - 0,403487900 MN = BM + DN. Ldy canh AB lhm don vi dhi.
vd gi6 rri l6n nhdt ciia A li M x 25,40348790. Dit x=BMviry=DN th] YI =MN-x+y.
Bei 12. CS. Ndu a vh b lh hai so nguy0n mh AB
hiOu ciia chring chia hdt cho 1000 thi ta vidt Ap dung dinh li Py-ta-go vho tam gi6c vuOng
a=b.Chffrang ndu a=b vi c:dthi ( x+t,\2
a + c = b + d vi a.c : b.d, dlc biOt an =bn vdi MNCtac6 l-x-y=-Y<[
vi 2
moi sd tu nhi0n n. Su dung c6c kdt quA d6
,J

m6y tinh bo trii ta c6 Dat t = x + y thi t2 + 4t- 4>0. Do d6 gi6 tri

+ 23 + + + + 61 + 78 + 8e + 9ro+
MN MN 0,828427124.
12 34 45 56 nh6 nhdt = li, min
l0rr= 605, "iu AB AB
:072, :289, : MN 9 tni x+y= I ue*v=
1lt2 =721, l2t3 l3ta l4t5 Ndu =
A8771 I non
224, l5t6 = 625.
Do d6 nh6m ba chf s6 cudi cirng (h]rng trirm, Dod6 EFg =25'3t'44".
hhng chuc, hhng don vi) cua so ^=3-Ji.
7

12 + 2t+ + 45 + 56 + 67 + 7s + 8' + 9'o+

3a Bni 15. CS. Goi I vi K theo thri tu ld tArn
c6c dudng trdn bdn k(nh 3dm vh 4dm. Goi H ld
+ 1112 + 12rr + 13ra+ l4rs + 1516
chAn duong vu6ng g6c ha tt I xudng KC th)
10rr
ln 536.
IH = 4".6 d-, dien tich hinh thang BCKI la
Bii 13. CS. Df,t t = sin x - cos x thi

sln x. cos x =
l- t2 14\6dm,, sin .ffiE =g,fiil
7
=180.-r?a.
2
Di6n tich hinh gi6i han b&i doan thing BC vd
1- t2
haicung nh6 AB, AC ld
Didu ki6n da cho tro thinh * 2 * 3t = 2 hay lh
"t= [r+.8- 2- 7n;?a].rn'
qn
s
t2 -6t +3 = 0. Chi c6 gi6 tri t = 3 - G thich hqp.
360')
Tilphuongtrinh sinx-cosx= 3- G Oi,Oi x 5,115473712dm2.
phuong trinh

cAC ICIP TI{UNG HQC pud rHoirc

Bei 11. PT. Tinh dao hhm cua hhm sd rdi t(nh BAd 13. PT. Dat S = x * y vi P= xy thi hg
gdn dfng nghiOm x, ciia dao hirn. Gi6 tri lon phuong trinh dd cho tr6 thinh

nhdt ciia hhm sd ld f( xo ) x 4,879174882.

Ir' -3SP+P=5
Bni 12. PT. Thay toa dO cua ciic didm d5 cho 15z -2P+S=7
vlo ding thrlc y = ax'+ bx2 + cx + d ta du-o.c hQ
4 phuong trinh bAc nhdt ddi vdi a, b, c, d. Giii Tt d6 tinh duoc S, P rdi gi6i hQ phuong trinh
h0 phuong trinh d6 ta du-o. c [x+Y=5
s63
d.=-.b=-,C=--,fl=
t23 25019 l 395
l'ry=P
1320 I l0 22 1320
H6 phuong trinh c5 hai nghiOrn:
Tinh dao him cua him sd rdi tinh c6c nghiOm
x,, x2 cria dao hbm. KhoAng ciich cdn tfnh ld x2x-1,259267743
[x1=2.13t2s6828
Jt..' -r, )2 +(f (xr)- f (xz\z x 105,1191174. lyt = -1,2592611 43 lz-2,131256828 G

l1
 u[ ufic unltle ttlriltt c0nc ruuc
$O TAI CA CAC P]|AI{ ]lOAC}l
7^
c[n rYt0T tflp ugp
r-e VAN THINH
(sv K49, A1T, DHKHTN - DHQG Hd N6i)

Trong bhi viet "Mot bhi toiin vti phAn hoach +a1G-l)...(x-t+1)(r-i-1) ... (x-n-1)+.
mOt tap hop" ctia tdc giri Triin Tuy0i Thanh
dang tren sd 328 tap chi THT| 1th6ng 1012004) * an+t (x- l)...(x-n) (*)
c6 nOu c6ng thrlc ciia S(n, k) li so tdt ci cdc * at + az* ... * a,,*1 = | (** )
phAn hoach cua tdp hqp A gdm rz phdn trl thhnh
Chox=,t,,/ = 1,2,.,.,n+l trong (*) taduoc:
k tap khdc r6ng vdi t, n nguy0n vi n > f > 0.
Khi n€u cOng thfc cbn m6t phdn chua duoc i"*t = i.oj (i -l)(i -2)... I(- 1)...(,r -(n + 1))
chrlng minh nhu sau :
r rr+l = ct i U ( j - t)... ll [(n + I )- j )(n - j) -..1 ](- y'+t-'
1

-: _ f (-ly,*t-, .Cl,*r.|,*, = l.(7)Vn ) l.

(n+l)!i' J-L
= (-1)/r+r-i .a )-j]l
1
.01)[(n +l
Sau dAy li chrmg minh cua toi cho c6ng thtlc (-lY'*t-, .Ci,*r.i"*' (-l)'r+l-i./''r+l
trOn. - " =-=Oi
Trudc hdt, ta phAn tich da thrlc (r+l)! 7![(n+l)-7]!
x"
P(x) =
(,r- lXx-2)...(x-(r+ l))
thlnh tdng c6c Tu d6 vi ti 1*x; ;:
"6 (n+l )l E,-,r'*'-,
.4,*,Jn'
/=t
t*l
thfc c5 dang -'i-- , u6ia, lh hang sd, i = l, 2,
da
x-t = Lu.i = I ::> dpcm.
Tfc lh
,... n+1. : i=t
VAy cong thrlc (7) duo. c chfng minh.
ut iltt+l
P(-r)= * *...* Nhu viy c6ng thrlc
,r-l .r-2
" .r'-(rr+l)
rt
Quy ddng vd phrii vi ddng nhat c6c h0 so E = ktFr. cl.j"
hai vdta duoc :
S(n. /c)
-It-t )k-i

x't = at Q -z)'.,.(x -n - I) +... duoc chfng minh tron ven.

Bei 14. PT. Vl di6n tich tam giiic ADM bang
nira di6n tich tam gi6c ABD n6n ta cdn xdc dinh
do dei MN sao cho di6n tich tam giric DMN
bang nua di0n tich tam gi6c BCD. Ta ldn luot
tinh du-o. c DM, BD, di€n tfch tam gi6c BCD, g6c
ADB , goc BDC , g6c ADM , g6c MDC . Tit
quan hO diOn tich gifra hai tam gi6c DMN vd
BCD tinh ra duoc d0 dei DN. Sau d6 tfnh duoc
d0 dei MN = 7,053009449dm.
Bii 15. PT. Goi H vi K ldn luot lh chAn
duong vuOng g6c ha tt A xudng BC vi CD thi
AK = AH/2, SH IBC, SKICD. Ta ldn luot tinh
duo.c AH, AK, SH, SK roi tfnh duoc diOn t(ch
toin phdn S,p = 80,99981508dm2.
Goi E li giao di€m cua AB vd CD. Tfnh duo. c
do dei cdc doan thing AE vh DE. Ggi M li chAn
dudng vudng g6c ha tt D xudng AE th)
DMI(SAB). Tinh duoc do dai DM. Gqi N ld
chAn dudng vudng g6c ha til M xudng ES thi
DNIES. 9oc_giua hai mat phtng (SAB) vh
(SCD) le DNM . Sau khi tinh duo.c DN, ta tinh
dttoc DNM c 58o28'39".

t2
 Nam 1991, Steve Pincus, m6t nhh to6n hoc
ao. ii, & Guilford thuOc bang Connecticut"(Hoa
Kit iA dua veo khrii niem inrrdpi xa'p xi" cho
nne" uOi mot ddy so cho trudc, dinh luong duoc
if"t'ae, aa" cira aay d6. N6i bao qq61' day ld su
;;;;[ idn t6 d5 quan s6tsdcua nhirng.gi6 tri
[;;hr; cira d6Y uoi ten cua mot daY xdP
\l K xi duo. c chi ra theo m6t quY tac'
Theo tdc g\i, ndu tt lAu dd c6 nhlrng thil
0l s0n g ""hia;-ioai"d6'
,f;ililici"hune'rhai
th) entropi xap xi cho phdp
ni€m bd ngohi gdn gfri vdi
Iu uaiit uong u"a dtii' Vi du, su ki€.n mdt
t,,r bien
114(rhq I[i"*-** c"5 nhdng su bidn thien ldn khdng
>1141+ ia dl, tlg, cua mot sqr bav bien'
"i;ai'ii,g?
nhtne su bien dOng da quan s6t co the- xay ra
,ltWtWucrtt| -t ."a"ri-aptdiaeu
."itopi xi
ai'n.
thqrc
ctrrnrr
hiOn bang
x6c hon' vi€c tinh
c6ch.tim nhfrng
;-)ir'r{ litrc th nirrng pnen t-t'u day).dong nhdt
cU'q+7lr$dhq cr nh*" ch5 khric nhau ctra day' ROi ngudi
ta

dn
*.* .a. ch6 d6 giong nhau den mric
Sa khdc nhau gifra.mQ,t he
ihdng ^a.'Jit?, ;;t Jn crl chung-lh*'t'9 c6c,ch6 d6
;;,;;
dinh vd mdt h0 rho'ng ba't oln dinh ld ni"'f"i ntir. Su udc luon-g t(nh "tlui tld.ng" do
g'i ? MQt nghiOn t'uu ltu Y .d|n, mQt lru tu giong nhau duoc tidntrhnh nhd c5 nhfrng
7,;,tg cti thtiig kt, crttt'-dpi 'riit 'ri' t'ho cong cri cuili
thuYet x6c suat'
phiP d'inh luqng s4 h6n don cd trong
Ap arng vlo c6c cht sd thQp,p!ra3 ciia,c6c
so
mil loat th6'ng k€.
xi dudng nhu cho
vo ti nral nhau, entropi xAp
MOt trong nhfrng van dd thu hrit su quan mm ;id; ;"s pi uap benti nhai trong ciii sd vo ti
nt *g"rhe to?n hgc c6 lien quan. {dn sq J, ' Jl, log2 hoac e (co sd
",iu UO ,it une chir s6 ihap phan cira nhtrng so thudng ding, nhu
"tta" logarit NcP").
dac biet. Cfling han x6t s6 pi (n)' Til l6u. ngudi va
i" Uiei rang cii"c cltrr to tnap p!11 cua pi.ldv6v6ti iheo mgt nghien crlu ciia Steve Pincusbang
;;;; [r,.i,rg tudn hohn, tti" pi tet mot so nra"fi rur*ui 6 Vien Cong nghe l-i€n
iriJi .a.r, kh?c, pi kh6ng bing thuong cfia hai ZJi;ir-, tt dung entr6pi idp xi dd phnn tich
* "ie"
ii;;'t.i3n .t u irt1mg thi trudng chung kho6n
r8-nervenl. trdi lai' hdu nhu ngudi ta khOng luqng cua
Liai Eiti, gi tna. vd c6ch thfc phan bd cd'c cht kir6c nhau, cho ph6p hidu mOt s6.hi0n
sd trong phdn th4P PhAn cua Pi'
ti ft t,ng hoing thi chinh chfng
"ra-r,ir,i, "ttu
ifrra" ,a* l98i hoac Iu khirng hoing thi chinh
Dd c6 mQt y tudng vd su phAn bd.nhfrng chfr
lgg1-19g8 o chdu-A. Ngay. ci khi d6m
chdp
rO ttap phan cia pi, ngudi ta thuc.hiQn nhtng auoi iu aqng sau nhy thi
tt u thong ke. MOi t i luc mdi trong viQc ln *ot ti6u chudn
"t
ffi';di^i;,1'"itti.na" trrav rang lnrye van dd
fifruhg chft"so thap phdn cira pi
iirn"ei,iAtrn u,av s1a
mot
,iuo. ot.;irrop vdi mqi'ngtricn crfu so s6nh tdn rii-kh6" nhau nhu nt,*g irnn "ttat ci.a. trudng
s6

;;A;;hr"g'ch[ so.'The'le nhfrng van dti triru il;; pa;d su tidn triEn cira m6t.thi vay'
;;o. li-thuydt so noi lai vdi nhlng nghnh .ii'nng nhoan c6 thd gdn gfli nhau ddn nhu
"g
;;;?;h "t"
,irg dun[ nhat, xuYon qua van dd mo tri banghot c6ng cu to6n hoc'
NGUYE,N VAN THIE,M
;tu;i(rf"rrit lua mQt diy nhtng.so mh ngudi
(Theo La Recherche thdns l2-2004)
ta chia biet ro nhlrng quy t6c tao thhnh'

3) Ngo Tuttln Anh,10A9, THIrI chuyOn Vinh

eANe cAc s6 TU NHIEN... Phfc;
(Tiep trang 3) 4) NguyAn Bd DOng, ll{26, THPI Lc Quf
C6c ban sau c6ldi giii tdt : DOn,
- HI DOng, Hh TaY'
l) L€ Dinh Tradng,1186, THm Him R6ng' ftong sci brlo tiep theo se gihi d6p.bdi Sdp xep
qrali'ir"arg iie aa'"g tren fHTT id 33t tnang
TP Thanh H6a I
2) Nguyan Thi Chung,--10ft.THPI Nguven 1'2005)' PHI PHI
vi& xiai, V"inh Tudng, Vinh Phtic ;
13
 Bei T61336. Cho tam gi6c ABC c6 ba g6c
nhon vdi H lh truc tam. Chung minh rang :

Se', HAHBHCT\
BC CA AB
-/-l

Ki nay -r-r-
Ding thrlc xAy ra khi nlo ?

TRAN VAN HANH

(W CDSP Qutittg Ngdi)

Bni T71336. Trong tam giiic ABC ldy didm M

bdt k). Dat BC = a, CA = b, AB = c. Gqi ho, ht.
cAc ldp rHCS h,. ldn luot lh c6c khodng crich tir M ddn cdc
duong thhng BC, CA, AB. Tim vi tri cua didm M
BAi TU336. (LW 6). Hay so siinh c6c phAn dd t(ch hn.hb.h,. dat gid tri l6n nhdt vd tinh gi6 tri
sd sau (khdng ldm ph6p chia truc tidp) :
lon nhdt d6 theo a, b, c.
222221 444443 666664 888885 NGUYEN HdNC THANH
222222 ' 444445 ' 666667' 888889' (6/ THCS Minh Htii,l'drt Ldm, Hmtg Y€n)

re vrNu ur6u CAC IOP THPT

(W THCS Ytn Lac,Vitth Phtic)
Bii T8/336. Cho p ld s6 nguy0n td le viL da
Bni T21336. (L6p 7). Cho tam gii{c ABC c6 th(rc Q@) = (p - l)l' - x - l. Chrlng minh rang
g6c frE = 45o vd g6c A tir. K6 tia BD cit tia t6n tai vO han sd nguyOn duong a sao cho Q(o1
doi cua tia CA 6 D sao cho dED=Gi. rci-. chia het cho f .

NGUYEN LAM TUYEN

AH L BD rai H. Tfnh g6c GD .
(SV lip DKTD I . K47, DHBK Hti Nt)i)
NcuvEN xuAN eiNFr
( NXB Gido tluc)
Bei T91336. GiAi phuong trinh
x4 +4ax3 +6b2x2 +4r'l,r+ I =0
Bni T3/336. Neu mot tam gii{c vuOng c6 sd do
chidu ddi cdc canh lh cr{c so nguy0n thi sd do diOn trong d6 a, b, c lb c6c sd thuc duong, a < I, biet
tfch tam gi6c d6 c6 thd li so ch"i,nh phuong khOng i rang phuong trinh nIy c6 4 nghiCm thuc-
NGUYEN NGOC KHOA NGUYEN THI CHUC
(W THPT Le Khiei, Qudng Ngdi) (GV TH PT chuy|n Hd Giang)

Bdi T41336. Ciei he phuong tr)nh sau, trong Bni T10/336. Tinh tdng g6m 2n sd hang :

d6 a, b, c li ci{c sd duong cho trudc :

t= lo.rt' *...
ult *4,,-Iq,,+...+(-r)t
JZ + (-l)2'*l 4:
2n+l
bc a_X! trong d5 Cl n cac h€ so crla su khai tridn nhi
=
y.r thfc Newton.
L'A v0 eNu ruAN
--- =lt-yz (S/ K26A khoaTodrt, DHSP Hd NOi II)
z)
NGUYEN HOA Bni Tfil336. Chrlng minh rang vdi tam gi6c
(SV l(ryr 03XlB, DH Ki rhudt Dd Ndlg) ABC bdt ki lu6n c6 :
Bei T5/336. Chung minh bat ding thrlc a) cosA + cosB + cosC + cotgA + cotgB + cotgC
1_
j+J:
, , (F E\,,ra
>
2
;.r-[{r-\;)'L\L b) .6(cosA +cos.B+cos C)+ cotg(A I 2) +
trong dd a, b ld c6c sd thuc duong th6a man
didu kion az + l] -- l. + cotg(B l 2)+ cotg\C l 2)
= 2 "6
PHAM VAN THUAN HOANG MINH DUNC
(DH KHTN Hd N6i) (Y lop CTM8, K44, DHBK Hd Noi)

t4
 Bni T121336. Cho hinh trl dicn ABCD. Ldy lcm trong ls li nhu nhau. Di0n tr& cua thanh ld
di6m M ndo d6 nim trong tam gi6c ABC vd c6,-c R, cudng dO ddng diOn tr€n doan ndi dat ld 1.
didm A', B', C' ldn luot thu6c DA, DB, DC sao Goi A li trung didm cria thanh, B li didm cuoi
cho MA', MB', MC'theo thrl tu song song vdi thanh. Tim hi6u diOn thd Uor.
c6c mat phing (DBC), (DCA), (DAB). Chung INAN VAN NGA
minh rang m4t cdu ngoai tidp trl di6n A'B'C'D (GV THPT chuy€n Phan Bdi Chdu, Ngh| Att)
lu6n di qua m6t didm cd dinh kh6c didm D khi
M chay trong midn tam gi6c ABC. Bdi LZl336. MQt tu diOn phing chua tich
NGUYEN MINH HA
diOn, di6n m6i li chAn kh6ng, c6 di6n dung C.
(GV DHSP Hd N6i) Ndi 2 b6n tu di€n vdi nhau bang m6t day dAn.
MOt brin kimt ,,loai
cAc pd vAt li 'i ,2
mong, phang c5 kich
thu6c bang kich thudc
Bli L1l336. Mdt thanh d6n di6n ddng nhdt,
hai ddu thanh duoc noi ddt nhu hinh ve. Ngudi m6i bin ciia tu di6n,
ta chidu m6t chilm Olectron lOn bd mat thanh duoc tich diOn +r7, dat
d6n. So Olectron roi viro bd mdt cua thanh tr0n s6t mOt trang 2 brin tu
(hinh vE). Tinh b6ng
cdn thidt dd tinh tien
bin kim loai d6 theo
phuong vuong g5c vdi ci{c bdn tu den vi tr( c6ch
ddu cdc bin tu.
86 qua tdc dung cria trong luc vdi bin kim
loai.
NGUYEN XUAN QUANG
(GV THPT chuyinVitth Phrtc)

PitOBLEilS Itr TT{[S I$SIIE

FOI{ I-(}WER SEC0NDARY SCHo()LS T5/336. Prove the inequality
T11336, (for 6'h grade). Compare the
following fractions (not by direct calculations) : !*t-( E- E\' >21,
222221 444443 666664 888885
a h \o) [Yb
b
where a, are real positive numbers satisfying
222222 444445 666667 888889 a;+b2=1.
T21336. (for
grade). Let ABC be a triangle
7th
T61336. Let ABC be an acute triangle with
with fin = 45o and obtuse angle A. Draw the HA
ray BD cutting the opposite ray of CA at D so orthocenterH. Prove thut *HB *!9 ,Ji .
BC CA AB
lhat CBD = ABC . Draw AH perpendicular to BD When does equality occur ?

at 11. Calcul arc 6frb .

T7l336.Let M be a point in the interior of a
T3/336. If the lengths of the sides of a right triangle ABC with BC = a, CA = b, AB = c. Let
triangle are integers, can its area be a perfect ho, h6, fu. be respectively the distances from M
square ? to the lines BC, CA, AB. Determine the position
T41336. Solve the following system of of M so that the product ho.hb.\ attains its
equations, where a, b, c are given positive greatest value and calculate this value.
numbers :
ITOR UPPER SEC0NDARY SCTI()0T,S
ab T8/336. Let be given an odd prime p and the
XZ polynomial Q@) = (p - l)l'- x - l. Prove that
there exists an infinite number of positive
bc = A_Xl integers a such that Q@) is divisible by 7/'.
yx T91336. Solve the equation
CA x4 + 4ax3 + 6b2f + 4c3r+ I = 0
--
-zy = b-yz
(km ti€p trang 26)

l5
 Bdch, Ltcrng Trung KiOtt, Trdn Vi1i Mqnh; Lt ^Mattlt
iiirsZis)'mcs"ctru van An, Ng6 Quvdn ; QuAns
Tri. Vdn Thi Linh HA, 64 , THCS Triin Hung Dao'
iX Oong HI ; Ninh Thu4n. Trdn Dao Long, 6/4 THCS
Giai bai Neuven Van Tr5i ; Khrinh Hda: frdn Thi Anh Ng'u.t"r'
O/fuCS Cam Nghia, Cam Ranh ; Vinh Phric :-Bii Tiri
hi fruse ini ruia", Ngu.;en Thi Nsoc. Nguvel,Thi-Giuns
Nguyin T'hi ruin, Hodng f li Trang,-Nguyirt Tl,ri Tltu
B'

-oer.Lons Hiv, Nsuvl-H9l

iiiii, Ne"ya,t Hing' Ii Ttt!
r,tv,;i Ma7. rnts Ven tr.. Yen Lac; Hoirng \ u
o,iJ"r nnn. 6A,. THCS Vinh Yen. TX Vlnh Yen:
fii|ri,,Tho'ent,, LiThi Minlt Phtruttg' 6.4' THC-S \4nh
du trong phip
Do Plunn::
i;#;. V'inh Tuone : itsuvi,r Minh Dung' 6Al'
Bni TU332. (L6rp 6). Tim s6' iii,'iairu,w Li;h, H;ais Kim An Hdi' rHCS
Hai Bh Trung, TX Ph[c Yen.
chia s6' nguytn S = ,l' *lro cho 5 ' trong, dd a =
NGUYEN ANH DUNG
22J gdm 2004 chir s6'2, cdn b = 33""3 g6nt
2005 t:htt s6'3 (viO'r trong hA thdp phdn)' BdiTZl332. (Ldp 7). Chrt ram gidc ABC t"'
AB = AC.Tr€n dudng thang t'udng gdc t'di '\C
Ldi De thay sd a = 22..'2 vd 2 c6 cttng
giii. tai C tdy didm D sao clto hai didm B, D rt'i":
sd du khi chia cho 5 do d5 sd ab vh 2b c6 cing khdc piia d6'i vdi duon^g rhdng AC. Goi K .';
so du khi chia cho 5. piao diiim cua dudng thdng clua B vubng gdc t L':
As ,a dtdng thdng quo trung didm M c:tia CD
C[ng tudng tu, s6 b = 33..'3 v] 3 c6 ctng s6 vudng g6c vdi AD. So sdnh do ddi KB vd KD
du khi chia cho 5 do d6 sd b' vh 3o c5 cirng
so du khi chia cho 5.
Ldi giii. Gqi
E ld chAn dudng
Dod6sdS= ot'+bo d 2t'+3o c6cingsd vuOng g6c ha tU
du khi chia cho 5. M xudng AD-
Mt_!$" ta c6 thd vidt sd b dudi dang Ndi AM, AK. AP
U = 33..3 = 4k+1 vi sd 2a = 16 chia cho 5
duns dinh lf
Pi-ta'-go trong R
du I n€n s6 2b = zok*t = 2.2ak chia cho 5 du tam gi6c vuOng
2 (k la sd tu nhicn l6n hon 0). vh srl dung ci{c
Tuong tu. so a = DJ = 4q+2 vh sd 3a = 81
gii thiet
AB = AC,
chia cho 5 du I nen sd 3a =34q+2 =4.34't chia MC=MD
cho 5 du a (q lI s6 tu nhicn)' tac6:
Ta duoc sd 2b + 3' c6 cirng so du vdi 2+4 = 6 KBz=KA2-AB2=KA2-AC2
khi chia cho 5.
bo khi chia cho 5 c6 so du = (KE2 + tE2) - (AM2 - MCz)
VAy sd S - at' +
leL = (KD2 - ED\ + (AM2 - ME\ - AM2 + MC2

NhAn x6t. L Sd c6c chtt so 2 trong sd a vd s6 cht sd 3 = KD2 MDz + MCz = KD2
-
tr."n iO b c6 the thay bang hai sd lJn hon I bdt k!'md Suy ra KB = KD.
khoig lirm rhay dtii kei qui cira bii to6n' di vin dung
z. bav li
bli to6n khong kh5 n€n cd ra't nhidu ban NhAn x6t. 1. Bdi niy khong kh6, :4t
mr6o i6o dinh l( Pi-ta-go trong qu6 trinh bien ddi'
Tat cA
tham gii giii vi hdu het cd ldi girii d(ng' Cdc ban sau
dAy cd bhi giii tcit: -
c6c ban ddir c6 ldi giii dring.
HA NOi : Li Quang Huy, Li Minh Hoittg' Nguyi.n i. ola, ki6n B, b nam k1r1c ph(a d6i vdi duong thang
r,ii e,ii,-Nguyi,, ui' Quitt. Lru Hodng Phtrt.rns'Trrin aCia qua .hat .he. Trlc lit, vdi didm D tiy 1i tren dudng
ui"n biil, our, rHcs rrmg vuong, Hoin Kiem; irra* iuonn s5c vdi AC tai C, D kh6ng thuoc dudng
Plrum Minh Trans, 6P', Hir NQi - eglt:ld3"l ; Phti iiii"E,cB,ta"En cd kei qui kr = KD (B4n doc tq vE hinh
Thi Tirunh Httrrttg,6Al, THCS Lirm Thao' vir kidm tia).
Tho. ?"r'rirr
ldi giai tdt :
sau dAY c6
ia* fhuo ; Thanh H6a : La Hdng Qudn, -6!'TdtTHCS 3. Gic ban
Hring, 7AI'-THCS^S3Pe LA*
Nnrr6n Chich. DOne Son ; NghQ An : Nguy6n Son' Phf Tho : Ddo Thtiv
iE it,i rnusarrs. 64, N suvCtlT& N 1al'.Y.o ry Thtong' rn""l lfe NOi z Nguv€nTud'i'ktns,7E' THIS Le Quf
ri in'srui Hdig Nh,un1,, oe, rucs t-i-f !.41p'ung, o9 ;;;. bd; Giiv ; fhanh H6a t Hitdtts Hd T,ut.rg' 7p,
i;onI, ip na cni ['tintr t Triin Thdi Hatry' 6A6' fuds Ngry6"'ou. Quing Xuong : \etr! f'1:. Nl4uvtitt
iiCS tnuven Trdn Dai Nghia ; Hii Phdng: Vrt Xudn i-ii rid'r,'l A, Vd ian tong. Nsuvin Atfi Ti' Hodttll

16
Trung_Dtlc, Duong Hodng Htng, HodngThi L€ Quy€n, r--'--
NguyinThi Kim Chi, Nguyin MctnhTudn, TB, THaS Li Dat Vx-Vx -5 =t (x > I > 0) rhi (I ) tr6 thlnh:
Nhat Quang' D6 Luong' r--..:
NGU,EN xuAN BiNH Vx-J,r-t = 5 .
. Ndu r< 5 x-t> x-5>0
Bni T3/332. Xit phaong trinh
= =i- J;-t>Jx-s
l - zt ty2 + k(y3-11
= g, x-Vx-t<x-Vx-5 t-=
V,r-./x-r <Vx-r/x-5
, F

trong d6 k ld rham sd nguy€n duong. Chftng

=
hay5<r,v0lf.
=
minh rdng phuong trinh t1n cd nghi€m nguyAi .Ndur>5=0<x-t<x-5
(x, y) thda ntdn x > 0, y > I khi vd chl khi k ld
s6'chtnh phuong. = Ji-t <JrL + *-Jr-t > *-JA
I I
Loi giii. (Theo ban Le The'Tdi,gB, THCS Tir + I x-J x-r , Jr-Jr-s hay 5 > ,, vo li.
-
Son, Bdc Ninh)
X6t phuong trinh (PT) : vAy r=5, dod6' 1f,:JiL = 5 <> x -25 =
,2 - 2kxy2 + k(y3 - l) = o (l) r - lx>25 <}1^
vx-)<>{ lx>25
trong d6 [ li tham sd nguyOn duong. "
l(x-25f =x-5 L" -5lx+630=0
Didu kiAn dil. Gia sii k li sd ch(nh phuong, €x=30.
k = t2 vdi r ld sd nguy0n ldn hcrn l. Ld; d6 pT Phuong trinh dd cho c6 mdt nghiCm lh x = 30.
(l)tr&thdnh NhAn x6t. l) Da s6 cdc ban d6 tim ra dfng nghi€m cria
phuong trinh d[ cho. Ban Trinh Hing Linh,9C, THCS I-6
12 -zt2*r-'+ tzy3 - t2 =o Th6nh T6ng, Tho XuAn, Thanh H6a dI dua ra c6ch gi6i
ei-?+rzv2g-2.r)=g dting cho bii to6n teing qu6t hon nhu sau : Phuong trin-h

PT nly c6 nghiem dang x = t, y = 2t. (2)

=m
DiA'u ki|n cdn. GiA srl PT (l) c6 nghiOm trong d6 rn > I vh ve tr6i cta (2) co n ddu c5n, n e N ,
nguy6n (x, y) vdi x > 0, y > l. Lfc d5 PT (1) dn luon c6 nghi€m duy nhat !d. x = m2 + m".
x c6 bi6t sd A = 4k'yo - 4kO3 - l) ph6i li sd 2) Nhieu.ban khi tring qurit h6a bii to6n n6u tr€n d6 sai
chfnhphuong(dethayy> I nOnA> l). ldm khi khlng dinh : "Phuong trinh (2) lu6n c6 nghi€m
TacS: duy nhAt * = *2 + m v1i V. , O';?t', n.V le khilS
L- (2ky2 -y- D2 = 4k + 4ky2 - t2 - | - Zy = dring vi chirng han : phuong rrinh
{.r-{.r-J,.-1,-f = f

= 02 + l)(4k - t) - 2y> (v - l;2 > 0 vi nhAn -r = l, -r = 2 li ciic nghiOm ; phuong tr'inh

(z*y' - y + 1)z - L= 4ky2 - 4k + vz + I - 2y = c5 hai nshiem [I .r
s
a..r 13
=
4k(y2-l) + (y - l)2 = (y -l)(4ky+y+4t-1) > 0 16 = -16
3) Mot sd ban khi gini PT (l) dd mic sai ldm khi thay
Do d6 neu A ld sd chinh phuong thi
* li6n tidp 5 = * - /., -.,/, - Jr L vio ve' rdi cua ( I ) dti
6 =^12kf - g2 2 lk'yo 4k3+ 4k = 4k2ya - duoc phuong trinh c6 "v0 han" dAu can va tU d6 ket luAn
4ky3 + y2
= 4k = y2 > ), = 2a vi t = ,2 la ,d r--
Vx-) = 5.
chfnh phuong.
4) C4c ban c6 ldi giii tot le : Bdc Ninh : Ld The'Tdi,
.Nhdn x6t. l) B4n Cao Manh Hing nhAn x6t rang bii 98, THCS huyOn TU Son ; Vinh Phic : Trdn Minh Anh,
nly tuong tu bli T9/THCS trong THfi scj 329 (11.2004). 9A, THCS Lang COng, LAp Thach ; Ninh Binh : N guyAn
Vdn B6ng,9E, THCS Truong Hdn Si0u, TX. Ninh iiinh ;
_ 2) Ngoii ban Tiri, ciic ban sau c6 ldi giii tdt : Nam
Ptnh i 9g9 Manh Hing,gA, THCS yen 5inh, Hii HAu ; Thanh H6a : Trinh Hing Linh,9C, THCS L€ Thrinh
fhalh H6!; Nguy1n Luu Bdch,gc, THCS tr Heu Lap, TOng, Thg XuAn i Le Vd;' Nsuyon, Sp, THCS Nguyen
Chich, D6ng Son ; Hi Tinh: NguydnTlfinh.Trung,gD,
i14u
IQc. Trinlt Hittg Linh,9C, THCS Lc Th6nh Tong,
Tho Xuan' THCS thi trdn K) Anh, huy€n K) Anh ; Binh Dinh :
ChduTriVfi,gAl, THPI so I Phn M!.
vrET HAI
Bii T 41 332. Gidi phuong trinh TRAN HL]IJ NAM
Bni T5/332. Chtng minh rdng
(l) Ji *l'fi *{i < a+2
Ldi giii. Didu ki0n -r > 5. trong d6 a ld s6'thuc khbng dm.

t7
 a,a Ldi giii. (Cfia nhi€u ban)
Ldi giii. Dat u = u>0 vd bdt ding
V c6
thrlc cdn chrlng minh tuong duong vdi Ap dung bat ding thrlc gifia trung binh cong
,3 + 12 +ua u6 + 2hay A = u6 - 13 - u2 - u+2 vh trung binh nhAn cho ba sd duong ta c6
>0.Tac6: ;-
hu
*ht *h, .r rl(L\(!Ll[L) =,
A= (u6 +l) + u(u2-2u+l) + (u2 -Zu+l)
-2u3 hr, h, h, - - \lho )\t4 )\n, )
= (u3 - l)2 + u(u- 1)2 + (u - l)2
Vi a ) 0 ncn h6i sd hang cira A kh6ng Am vi * !u*b*!lr-t.o
hb h, ho
(l )

do d6A >0 ; A = 0 khi u = I vda = l.

NhAn x6t. Bli to6n c6 nhidu c6ch giiii vh da so-c6c ban
dI dirne bat dang thfc C6-si, nhd d6 c6 thd tdng qurit
h6a bli- torin cho tcing nhi6u can thfc. Tda soan nhAn
Mitkh6c (h)'>o (2). (? ,l>o(3)
duo.c tr6n 200 ldi giii-d[ng. Ciic ban sau dAy c6 ldi giii
ngdn gon. tr)nh biry tot :

Nam Dinh Cao Manh Hting,9A, THCS Y€n Dinh. >o(4)

z
Hai Hau, N guydn N goc Linh,6C, THCS Dho Su Tich, Co eo-)'
[.6 i Tuy€n Quang: Ngd Minh Tdm, 7 THCS Kh6nh C6ng cdc bdt ding thric (1), (2), (3), (4) theo
Thi6n, Chi€m H5a ; Quing Tri z Trdn Vdn Thdnh, T A' tirng ve ta duoc
THCS Cam Htu, Cam L0 ; Quing Ngii:VtiThiTrd Bt,
8A, THCS B6c Phong, M6 Dtlc ; Hung Yin z Li Thi
Nguy€t,8A3, THCS Chu Manh Trinh, Van Giang ; Hi [L-,)' *('l-,)' *l,a-,)' *t', *t'ht,,*t',t,u -3> o
finh : Ngrylit Thdnh Trung, 9D, THCS K, Anh, K!
Anh ; Ngh€ An : Hodng l.€ Quy€n, THCS Li Nhat
U,, ) l,tr / (1,, ) t,t,
Quang, Do Ludng, LO Tudn Hi€p,8C, THCS Th6i Son'
5o f-rrong, Hodig Minh Thdng,9C, THCS Dang Thai
h? h? h? h, *hr, *h, (docm)
su, ra
Mai, TP. Vinh ; Hi NQi : Horirrg Minlt Tri, 8A' THCS ,r.
\uPL'[rr''
,,
Nguy6n Trudng T0, Bni Huy Hodng,9E, Amsterdam '
Tidi Trung Dic,8Hl, THCS Trrrng Vuong, Hoirn Kiem,
't.iti-i-
Ding thrlc xiiy ra khi vd chi khi hn = h6 = lt,.
Dd Nhu Mi Lan,SAI,THCS Chu Vdn An ; Hii Duong :
Ngtydn Dftc Minh Quang,9A, THCS Ng6 Gia Tu' TP. hay AABC ddu.
Uii Ouong ; TP Hd Chi Minh: Moc QLt|'Vinh,9ll, NhAn x6t. 1) Ngoli crich giAi tr6n, nhidu ban srr dung
THCS Hdng Bdng, QuAn 5, NguyAn Gia Luyin,96 vb' (h. h, h.\
BDr Bu-nhi-a-c6p-xki cho hai * .. tn
Pham Hodtrg Long, 92, THCS Nguycn Du, Q. Gd Vdp ;
Gia Lai: DrrongThiThuTtttio,24,
.I-ttcs
Nguyen Du,
lfr't''tJ
(1, l, ldi giii gon.
1) c0ng cho
Pleiku ; Hi TAy: Trdn Nhdt Tdn,8Al, THCS Ngd Si
2) Hdu h€i c6c ban ddu nhen x6t dring : gii thiet
Li€n, Chuong lrtg,frdnTuAh Anh,98, THCS Nguy€n
Thugng Hicn, Lhg Hd_a ; Bdc Ninh : Le Thd Tdi, 98, A>A>e thla. MQt sd ban khiic di chi ra bli T6/332 la

THCS Tn Son, Ngayln Ngoc Thiti,9,{, THCS ThuAn dang phrit bidu kh6c cira bdi thi chon DOi tuydn CHLB
Thlnh ; Quing B\nh; Phan Hdng Son,8A, THCS HoIn DtlCnam 1980 : Vdi cdc s6' thtc x' y, z khitc khong ta L(t
L6o, Bd f.a.t ; Khdnh Hin:TnitrThi Anh Nguy€n, 61 , ,21212-rv:
THCS Cam Nghia, Cam Ranh ; Vinh Phic z Hodng BDT .+.;+ ,>-+:+-.
y' :' .Y' z .\' Y
Minh Toin,9A, THCS VInh Y€n, TX \/jnh Y€:n, LA
Thunh Ngdl Son,9A4, THCS Hai Bd Trmg, Mc Linh' 3) Ban Nguy€nT'i€h Tlruntt,9C, THCS Nguyen Quang
N.qrrlar Kiiu Oanh,7,A, THCS Vinh Tuong ; Phti Tho : Bich, Tam N6ng, Phti Tho d6 dd xuat vh chring minh
Nerritrr 'l'id'n Tlwnh,9C, THCS Nguy6n Quang Bich, -, tI
n( -. \
Tam N6ng, NguytnThiThu Hd, 8Al, THCS LAm Thao ; dting BDr tcing quiit , t [- ,Fl "' lffons do
Thanh H6a t L€ Thiiy Trang,88, THCS Nhr 86 Sy, i-t\ditt,/
I
i=t\ai+t )
Trdn Cdrtg Plrun Vinh,98, THCS Trdn Mai Ninh, TP
Th6nh Tong' >
a; e R+,,t l, vh coi a1= a,r*1.
Thanh H6a, LiThanhTing,9C, THCS t-c
Tho XuAn, Nguy\n Trong Hda,9C, THCS Trdn Ph[, 4) C5 nhidu ldi giii giri vd Tda soan,dac bi€t truong
NOng C6ng. THCS Li NhAt Quang, D6 Luong, Ngh€ An c6 c6c ban
PHAN DOAN THOAI tham gia dong nhat. Gc b4n sau c6 ldi giii t6t hon cA :
Hi NOi : Hodttg MinhTri, SA, THCS Nguy0n Truong
Bni T5l332. Cho tttnt gidc ABC c,i A>-A >t .
T6, QuAn Dong Da ; ThSi Nguy0n: Trdn Tudr Nghia,
9.A l. THCS DQc L4p. P. Trung Thinh. TP Thrii -Nguy€n I
Goi h,,, h1,, h,.ldn trtrtt ld r:kiiu t'ao "tua? phitt ttr Phri Tho : N guy€n Son Tilng, 9B., THCS Nguy6n Quang
tiinh t\, B, C t:t. u LABC. ChLi'ng minh riing : B(ch, Tam Nong ; Vinh Phric t Pham L0 Quattg,9A4,
.) -1 .) THCS Hai Bd Tirrng, TX Phric YOn ; Hir Tiry:, LA Thanh
n,l,
ntti *,L r* !,t*l,t, oh, Huynh,6A, THCS Luong M!, Chtlong Mj ; HunB Yen :
h1, t', lt,, Laong Xudn Huy, 8A, THCS ticn Lfr, Ti6n L[ ; Nam
t,| t,l t,!,
l8
 Dinh: Cao Manh Hing,gA, THCS YOn Dinh. Hii HAu ; Bni T8/332. Chfi'ng ntinlt rdng tla rhftc
Thanh H6a: Li Van Nguy€n,9D, THCS Nguy&r Chfch,
D6ng Son, Trtin COng Phan Vinh,98, THCS Trlin I\lai P(.r) =.r' - 2003x' + (2004+a)i - 2005.r + a
Ninh, TP Thanh H6a ; NghO An z Ngu1,6n Anh Tu, v(ti a ld thont s6'nguy|n, r'6 nhiiu nhci't ld mdt
HodngTrung D*c',7B. Nguy€n Vdn Tudit,7A, Nguy€n nghi1nt ngut,irt vii khbng cri nghiim bdi (bdi k1n
Kim Dung,9D, ... THCS Li Nhat Quang, L€ Tudit Hi€p,
8C, THCS Th6i Sm, Do Luong, Mai Didu Linh, 9G, hon I ).
THCS Dang Thai Mai, TP Vinh ; Hi finh : Li Vdn Anh; Ldi giii. (Cira ban Nguy€nTudng Hudn, ll,
8/1, THCS Nguy6n Du. Huong ktn, Ngul'ln Thdnh THPI chuyen Le Quf DOn, Di Ning).
Trung,9D, THCS TT K!, Anh, K} Anh ; Dak Lak : Vd
VanTuiiit, SA5, THCS Nguy€n Du, Krdng Buk ; Gia Lai o Ta c6 nhan x6t : Neu x., lh nghi6m nguyen
: Dtatg Thi Thu Thrio,l A4, THCS Nguy6n Du, Pleiku; ciia P(x) thi x,, chdn. ThAt vAy 0 = P(x.) =
TP Hd Chi Minh: N guyin Gia Luy\n, 98, Pham Hodttg
Long,92,THCS Nguytin Du, God Vap. = 4 Uo -2003) +2Oo+ fi + 1fi, + t)a -2005 x,,
HO QUANG VINH Ndu xo le thi ve phAi ld, vO li.
nii 'f7l332. Clto irinlt binh hitnh ABCD t,6'i . Gii
su P(x) c6 hai nghiCm nguy0n ,rr, ir2 ve
t\B < llC'. Phin.qilir g6t: BAD rir BC rui dii'tr xt * x). Khi dd
E.Ilui ilttittq trun,q tr!.k't'tiu BD yt) CE ctit trltou P(\)*P(xz)
ftti tlii'ni O Dtr'tng tlt;ittu tlttu C .r'ollr :,urq liii o - xl- xz
=@l +fix2+xr.4*4) -
BD ttit itriitr.q ti'r'ttr ttint O lsdn l;inh OC iiti f'.
'{ittlt qrit i\fi'
- 20$(4 +
4)(2004+ a)(x1 + x)-2005
xtx2 +

Do -r,, .r, chdn nOn ve phii li sd 16. MAu thu6n.

. Gid sux" lh nghi€m b6i. Khid6
= 4l -6009 f, +2(2ffi4+ a)x,, -2005 .
0 = P'(.r,,)
Vi -r. chin nOn vd phii ld so 16. MAu thu5n.
Bii todn du-o. c giAi xong.
NhAn x6t. Bii
toi{n ndy duoc rat nhidu ban tham gia
giii vd tdtldi giii ddu dring. Cric ban c5 ldi giii tdt
ci cric
ld,: Hodng Phric Hrmg,10, PINK, DHQG TP Hd Chi
Minh, Nguydn Thdnh Cbng, I lA, THPI Lf Tq Trgng,
TP Cdn Tho :Trdn Qudc Todn, 11, DHKH Hu€-, Thta
Ldi giii. AC cat BD tai 1. Goi K li giao cua Thi€n - Hu6: Nguy€nVritt Ngc2c', THPT chuy€n Nguy€n
lO vd CF. Do FCIIBD n€n OI L FC. suy ra KC Huq, Hi Tey ; Lwng Xudn Bdclt, 12, THft chuy€n
Hung YGn. Nguy€tr Mirtlt Pluic, THPT chuydn te Quy
= KF. Mh 1 le trung di€m crta BD. Vay 1K li DOn, Binh Dinh,ThdiThanhTdn,l lA, THru Drlc Phd,
dudng trung binh cia LACF hay IKllAF. Tu d6 Qu6ng Ngei ; ftzi)i Vinh Philc, t0 Todn, THPI NK Hi
ffl =9s".
Tinh : Nguy€n DftcTing,
Chau, Nghd An, Duong Minh Ti2h, I
I lA2, THPf chuy€n
lT, THP|
Phan B6i
chuyCn
NhAn x6t. I. Trong^bli toiln trcn E c6 thd ln didm tny
khdc C tr€n dudng thAng BC, vi vAy didu ki€n AB < BC
f Nguy,5n Binh Khi€m, Vinh Long.
c6 thd thay bang AB * BC. Bni toiin vAn c6 ket qui nhu DANG HUNG THANG
v4y khi tAm O ld didm bat ki tr€n dudng trung truc Bni T9l332. Chttrng ninh rdng
cta BD.
2. Nhicu ban giii t6t bii niry : Di6n Bi6n : L€ Monlt (-l +-1)(v2 +"l )(:2 +-1) > {13.rr,+3-r:+3:r+,n:)21I ;
Hitrg, l0Al, THPT chuy€n te Quy D6n, Di6n BiCn ph&; Z7
Hung Y€n : Lt Thi Nguy(t,8A3, THCS Chuy Manh
Trinh, Van Giang ; Hii Duong : Nguy€nThi Dung,8B,,
trong dd x, y, z lii cdc' s6'thtc.
THCS thi trAn Kim Thinh, Hii Duong ; Hi NOi : Dd Ldi giii. (CiaL€ C\ngTruy€n, llAl, THP|
Nhu Milan. 8A1, THCS Chu Van An, Hodng Minh Trt, chuyOn Vinh Phric vd m6t sd ban kh6c).
8A, THCS Nguydn Trudng T6 ; Nam Dinh : Nguyitr
Duy Ktuinh,9C, THCS Dio Su Tich, Truc Ninh ; Thanh Vidt BDT (l) du6i dang
H6a :-Vfi Dftc Ldc,gc, THCS ttr Htu LAp, HAu L6c,
Nguy4nThi Huy€n,88, THCS Nht 86 Sy, Aoang UOi; 27 (x2 yz z2 +3(x2 y2 + yz z2 + z2' x? ) +qi +f +/ yn 1

Nghd An : L€ Tudn Hiip, 8C, THCS Th6i Son, Do

2 4(9(xy+yz+zx)2 + 6xyz(xy+yz+zx1 + f y2221 121
Luong ; Thila Thi€n - Hue t Nguy|n Vfi Thanh Long,
9/l' THCS chu van An' hay 243(a2-2b) + 8l(bz-Zca) + Z3c2 + 272 >
vo KIM THUY >36b2 +24bc (3)

t9
 trong d6 a = 9(l).V6i moi x e
R' x6t (4')
Ix+Y+z=a (n = 1,2, ...) la ddy s6 hiru ti mh r" -+
x'
I

trong d6 \xY+Yz+zx=b tuc tai xo' suy

Do x - rn + xo+ x. vi q (x) liOn
I xtz=c' ra <p(x-r,,*xo) -+ tP(x")'
ta c5
Bidn ddi bdt dang thfc (3) dudi dang Mat kh6c til tinh chdt c6ng t(nh cua 9(x)'
243a2+45b2+23c2 -24bc'l62ca-486b+272
>o g(x - r,, * ro) = 9(x) - q(r,,) + q(x") .
= *1xl - ar,, i g(x";
-+ q(x) - a'x + q(x")
(b - 27)2 +
hay 1 1(3a - c)2 + l2(b-c)2 +
B6i vay 9(x) = ax (dPcm)
+144(a2 -3b)+32@2 -3ca)20 (4)
Ap dung vho bhi to6n :
Dd i rang
f (x\
Dat g(x) = vh q(x) = g(e')'
o2 - 3b = Lltr-y\' +(y-z)2 +(z-x)21>O , ff
Khi d6
e moi x' v e (0' +r1
(l) ,(xv) = g(x) + g(v) v6i
+(zx-xv)z)> vo
.
=l*'-i'lr\z )"+(zx-xy1-1'
+(vz-zx)z
e g(et,+u)=g(eu)+g(er) v6imgi u,v eR
Z-.
Tt d6 suy ra (4) dfng. Ding thrlc xiy ra khi e q(u+v) Q(u) + q(v)
=
Q)
rien tuc tai
'\"#,Y1;*;i;i,,;,,,euv6n.r9r.Trr\q"v* :i"l*l.,i*H1'"i.1'o=flx) tai 'r = 0 (3)
ta-n tnac chuytin (l) rd?i;
Trai, Hei Duong vir m6t so
-r = I - tp(-r) lien tgc
ax (a e R
3)>4(o+b+c+l)2 Tn (2) vn (3)' theo bd dd tr€n 9(x) =
(a2 +3)(b2+3)(c2 +

a = 1, a = 1,, =1 u,i,y, *
v6i 0. Cbn khi xvz = 0''l}*l*y:*y"3?"rr*J!t*
xYz him
n.n ra tctrong !t?i rhir 6i. Vay tdt
ci c6c so
thi (l) d6n8. oJi.ln, ' a lh hang s6 thuc
2)M6ts6b4ncdngiiitheophrrongphapluonggi6c. cdn tim le/(x) =
ca. uan co ioi giai dring bdi ndy : y'
--ilia"
tny
phuong trinh hirrn
Nsuyt, Tttinls Hudt;: NCuylf Tttdn Hodng, !.1.1!' x6t. BIi to6n nhy Id bhi torin
K,l.rlic ttgtent c6c ban l6p l0 sau tham
THpT chuy6n fr euy"poi,'fie, ryang, ."i;6,'*i.*te".'ioun
Hodns

't;!;,,;tt1:x64rm*:ll,?:tilp+'0il#H***,*il##f#f,$dp*Ig
ii"iiri, Orl,VuThiinVrirr' Y LOA' THPT Nam
;r;;:;.' f;'ii,,i Hio. rHw chuYen NguY€n H
ii, -u,
nars otc f ' ge,THCS Trdn Mai Ninh' Tr
Thanrr-riir:t rtie,^1ty1';:lLanlr' 1081' THPT
Linh,ror,Tgprchuy€ni"ils.",TtrmhH6a. phong;
i'ie'"s" i'i''-i'i-ii tnn' r3#il;1ffi
vAN MAu NGUYEN

Bni T10/33Z.Tim td'r cd cdc hdm s6'.f(x)

xdc Bii Tttl332. Cho cla giitc ddu. n. ca.nh
hdn kinh bong
aini tren khodng (0, +a), c6 dqo hdm rgi;, _ ' O,i...o,, nr)i tidp cltdtrg rdn t'6
vd thda mdn didu *iion f(:x.y) = '['/(v)+l5'lt'l i ,.rrr'rlidm M trt4tt crutg nhd
Tfi, ' Chtrng
vdi ntoi sd thttc' cltrtng x, y. ninh rurtg:
n
minh kdt
Ldi giii. Trudc hdt chring ta ch&ng 1) MAt + MA., + "' + MA,,', + MA"
1
la
qui co biln sau :
Bd dA; Gii sir q(x) : R + R li hhm sd 1i0n
tuc n|i n ld
tai m6t didm x" nlo d6 vh q(x) lh hhm sd.cQng 2) MAt + MA,+ "' + MA,,'' + MA"''
3L
tint, i,r" lh <p(x + y) = q(x) + 9Q) vdi moi
J'
x, y e R' Kct luan tp('r) = ax vdi moi r
e R' nlit n chdn. Ddng thrtc 'rr)y ra khi ndo ?
trong d6 a e R lir hang s6' Ldi giii. (Ciia ban Phrtm KhdcThanh' l0Bl'
Chttng minh bd rld : Tlteo t(nh chdt
cria hhm fff-ff Tiig, Sdn I, Tri€u Son, Thanh H6a)
,J"gng"t(nh ta c6 q(r) = ar voi mgi r e Q' Trudc hdt ta chfng minh hai bd de'

20
 D_
Bd dO 1. Da gi6c ddu At4'..4.,*r nQi tidp
+ZMo.\OAt
= L<rfr +zuo.oA*)= 2nR2
dudng trbn (O). M thudc
"ung
{[l nn6. k=t ft=l

n+l ,t = 2nR2 +ZMd.6=2nR2 .

Khid6 , LMbrt=ZMAz* Trd lai vi6c giii bdi to6n.

t=l
a) Vdi n 16 thi
Chtmg minh :V6i moi i e { l, 2, ..',Zn+l } ta co :
2(M At + M h +...+ M A,,-2 + M A,,)
= 04 = Qtw+twe)2 =
oM2 il

= OM2 * M,t +ZOU.tvt,qi

= | uer (Theo bd dd l)
k=l
- M4 +\Ola.M4 =0
. /, f Mnl (rheoBu-nhi-a-coP-xki)
A

(l)
= M{+2OM."''
, -MAMAi =O \k-"

= {nz,rfr (theo bd dd 2)
Mat khdc, vi da gi6c Ar4...'\.u*r ddu vd M
= Ji,, (vi R = l)
thu6c cung Ar4; nh6 n€n ta c6 :
Suy ra :

,\l MArkl _ Mor*

* =o (2) MA, + MA-,+ .., + MA,,-.+ MA,, = +
f1, M4* f1, M4* ,Jz

T[ (l), (2) suy ra : D€ thdy, ding thrlc khOng xiY ra.

tt+l tt
Y dy : MA1 + Mh +...+ MA,,-2+ M,1,, <|
LMh.o-t-ltutt r = ,12
k=l
b) Vdi n chdn, v\ A,A2...A,,li da gi6c ddu n0n
It+l tt
AtA.....A,,-.A.,,-, lh da gi6c d6u.
= ZMAzr_r-Lmq.r*
k=l /l=l Y dy : MA1 + Mt\ +...+ MA,,-t + MA,-t

uazr
+ ZoM f;t r_
f 44.) a
\r=", MAzr_t ilMAzr )
(theo Bu-nhi-a-cdp-xki)
rt+t( MA2k-t\
= Zluho_1+2oM.:l
-
+
I=r[ MAza ) (rheo bd dd 2)

( -- .-Y44-) =n
" ubr +2oM
* Ll
*-rlw\.*) n
rr+l tl Suy ra : MA, + MA, + ... + MA,,-l + MA,,-t <
Suy ra , LMAz*-t = ZMy.k r!2
l=lt=l I n=4
Bd dA 2. Cho da gi6c ddu A,Ar...A,, noi ti6p Ding thfc xiy ra <+ i ..
duong trdn tam O, iiln kinh R. M lh mOt didm
lM=4.
NhAn x6t. l) B)i to5n niy kh6ng kh6 vi hai bd de tren
:f MA? =2nR2. kh6 quen thuOc. Kh6 nhidu ban tham gia giii vir ddu cho
thu6c dudng trbn. KhiaO ldi giii dting.
t=l
2) C5 m6t sd ban ding phuong ph6p luong gi6c cfrng
Chung minh : cho ldi giii dfng.
iln 3) C6c bqn sau dAy c6 ldi giii t6t : Khdnh Hda:
Lu4 =ftuo+oer)z
ft=l k=l
NguyittTh! Hodrtg Oanh, l0T, THtrf Le Qu! Don' TP
Niia'Trang ; Bi Ria - Ving Tiru : Li Quang Huy, l0T,
THPT chuy€n tr Quy DOn, TP V[ng T]ru ; Hi finh :
tl ^ Nguyin Bdo Hor)ng, Dinh Vdn Srn, l0T, THPT chuy€n
= ltMO:z +OAt' +2MO.OAr) ge ilnh, TX Ha Tinh ; Hrmg Yin : Lutntg Xudn Bdch'
k=l

2l
l2T, THP| chuy0n Hrmg Y€n, TX Hung -yen ; N&hQ khi dinh S cua hinh ch6p SABC chuydn dOng
An.' Hodng Khic HiOu, UAt' fHff Nguy61 X-ua1 On' tr0n dudng thhng d (S kh6c didm O)' N6i c6ch
Oian Cnari; Vinh Phric tTrdnVdtt Huinh,l0A1' THPI kh6c, c6c dO lon cr, vh B gilra g6c nhi di€n tao
Nso Gia Tu, LAp Thach; CAn Tho : Nguydrt Thdnlr ilri;" vh g6c nhi d.i€n cua
CZns. I I A l: THrr Lli Tu Trong. TP Cdn Tho'
-4t bcn v6i mat'div ch6p
t"i .ar U'et cua c6c'hinh tam. g.idc ddu
NGUYEN MINH HA SABC lu6n rhng bu6c v6i nhau bdi h0 thfc
f(ct, 0) = 4 vb khong phu thuQc viro.chidu cao
Bei Tl21332. Goi rtidn O lti tronl-tim ctitt SO ='/z cira hinh ch6p d6 khi d6y lA mOt tam
ttun virit' ctiu AIIC t'r\ d tit tlurlng rhing ruing si6c ddu ABC cho tru6c (vi thd cAu cuOt cung
q,:;, ,:,ii ntt.ir plrttng, (ABC) tlti dit'ttt O'.\'iri ll'ii Iru aC bhi duoc stra lai nhu tr€n cho gon hon)'
'ttidm
S (ttitii O) rr1n d tn t'ri hinlt clrclp SA'BC'
Goi a lti ,qrit' yit1tr tttLit b|tt t'ti mdt tltiv' B.lti gir Nhin x6t. l) BanThdi Tlrunh Ti.tt' llA9' THPT Dtic
ptrfj t, Quing Ngai dI dd xuat vd girii bni toen tong qurt
gilt,t lrrti )ttrit I'tr',t kri nhatt. Citrittg ttrittlt rittg dqti
gi6c deu
/a\ ir* UAi*rircn-Uang c6ch thay hinh ch6p tam vl
saai boi hinh ch6p i - gidc ddu s'A,Ar"'An thu duoc
lrr.tltg F(a, pi = r,e'cr[3132 Ji_-1 I kit"tt'c, pltL!
kdt qui tdng qu6t hon nhu sau :

thrtt)r'vt)o t'i tt'[ i'riu tiidm S tr\n tlrrirttq thtittll tl' , 7180" ,'-( 2P
Dai luong Ftcr. 0) = tg'ol l8'-- 't8-;-' =
Ldi giii. (Dua theo Vti Manh Tudn, 12 To6n' [,,Lt

THPI chuyen Hung YOn) ' I r l80t' , , r-.. .L..^^ .,)'^ ^h; '

Goi D li trung
180'1 tt
di0m canh d6Y co.2
BC vh E li hinh n
ttint ch6p (cho rr = 3 thi drroc F(o' p1 = -1' ta
SO = h
chidu cua D tr6n rhdv lai "in
kei qui
p
tla tim duoc & tren). Crd y rtrem rang lir
canh bOn SA. V) Jo i* .ttu P1ic nlti tli1n gifru hai mdt hin ki trlruu cuu
SABC le mQt hinh chbp.
hinh ch6P tam 2) B+n Dd Phtary Thnv. lt^Bt,.THm L'e alv ftl:
gi6c dtiu n6n. d0 Di0n Bi6n cfrng cho mot ldi giii kh6c khti gqn.
gemg cua
thdy rang #il;il ci s& tinh'chidu cao so = h cua hinh ch6p
(: mp(SAD) mat li tam gi6c "e,
ddu SAB bang hai c6ch kh6c nhau.'
phang trung trqc Dat OS= h, BC = CA = AB = a'K|OF I SA ta c5 :

cfra doan thing

BC vi
phing @CE)
mAt
' =-L*-!
oFz oAz os'
(3)

vu6ng g5c v6i

or=?ot= '
3 3te(0/2)
(4)
SA b E.TiI d6 suy ra : BE = CE' ffA = a'
ding thfc (3) vh (4)
6ii= B vlr do d6, 6ED=6Ea=912. Dat s6c Sau d6, d6i chieu c6c
drro.c :

gifta canh bOn vh mat dey ciia hinh ch6p SABC r)=r,
*, ( ztnrl_
"2 (s)
le ilD -- T, ta c6 cdc hc thfc sau liOn he
gifra cr [ )
vh B vdi y: oJl vho (5) ta thu duqc
= '13tgct . Thay hQ
os 2;i Mit khric 1

ryc-=
;= ^os =2tsY: thrlc F(o. B) = {.
3) D4c bi0t' hai b1n Phant Vdn Drrottg' llK' THPT
BDC BC
'--=-=---- BC I
fi* ilenn,'Hii Duong vi Ngryd)r Tuah Hmg' llBl'
z: DE- zDE ZADsiny ..6siny
'ts ilrl il Lao, Hai Phlng cbn thi€i l4p duo.c mot hc
thrlc rdt don giin gifa a vir p khOng-nhfrng cho
hinh ch6p
Khil y tt (l) vi (2) ta thu dugc h€ thrlc sau i.* lia. oei mi cho ci hinh chZp n-gi5c ddu' D6 li
m0nh dd sau :

F(cr, g) = ,g'o(:,s'9-,) = 4 (khons ddi) MAnh iti. Mdt hinh chdp tt-gidt' tliu c6 g6c 14itra mdr.
b\n'vd rldy ld a, g6c nhi (li1i tqo bri'i hai m.cit lt|n
ki
Ding thrlc tr6n n6i lOn rang dai lugng nlwu td P. Tlt|' thi ta cti h€ tltrit' sou:

l8d' .

,g'o(:,e'r-t) c5 si|tri khong dtii cos(P/2)=sin-smct ;

F(cr, F) =

22
 t;
Ti d6 suy ra khi n = 3 thi : cos(B/2)=llsina
'2 , ddng rrd6 \L=-4'54, suY ra
cos'(B/2) i,J*n2*ro R d
thdi chi ra rang him F(cr, B) =
sln cl
khong phu
thuQc vho chidu cao cira hinh ch5p n-gi6c ddu. R- + l,t. B'*
,1,

4) Bii to6n tr0n d6y thuOc loai d6, c6c ban ddu cho d6p
sd dfng. Tuy nhi€n, m6t sti ban trinh bhy ldi giii cbn dii'
thidu sing sira, hinh ve thidu truc quan vi phuong huong
giii kh6ng 16 ring.
dd n6u trOn, c6c ban sau dAy cflng c6 ldi
.Ngodi 5.ban
grar gon gang :
Bdc Giang : Nguydn Vdn Hdu, llAl, THPT YOn
D[ne Il, ;Thanh H6a : L€ Quang NhQt,llKl, THPI
Lam Son, Pham KhdcThanh, l0Bl, THPITri0u son I ;
Ngh0 An : Nguy€-nViei Hdi, H6VdnTrqc, LIG,THPI
Ngtria Oen; Bh Ria - V[ng Tdt:TrdnVdn Linh, ll
To6n, THPT tr Quf D6n, TP VIng Tdu.
NGUYEN DANG PH{T
BIi L1l332. Vdng rrdn ndng M duoc l6ng vito
mdt vdnh trdn C bdn kinh R dqta6' dinh nant
ngang vd M c6 vdn t6'c ban ddu V,, hudng theo
ti€p tuy€h cila vdnh trbn. Cho h€ sd ma sdt girta
hai vdt ld k. Tim qudng dudng mii vdng di dtoc
cho de n khi cltng hdn. AP cl4ng
-ln
2k gR
l
Thay sd ta dugc :'s = 0,55m.
NhAn x6t. G4c ban c6 ldi giii vd d6p sd drlng :
Quing Ngii : Ld Hd Ki€t, 12A2, mYf Drlc Phd I ;
Vinh Phric : NgdVi€t Cuong,l l.A3, THm chuyOn VInh
Phfc ; Bic Ninh : Ngayin Minh C,rd,tg, 1l Li, Nguyen
Xtdn Nam, 1l Li, THPT chuyOn Bic Ninh ; Th6i
Nguy€n: Chu Tudn Anh, ll Li, THPI chuyOn Th6i
Nguy0n ; Ngh€ An : Nguy,ln Dinh Phuong, 1lG, THP|
Nghia Ddn ; Hii Duong : LA Hodng Dfing,11 Li' THft
Nguy6n TrEi.
. MAIANH
Bdi L21332. Cho mach di|n nhLr hinh vi :
Kh6a K d6ng trong rltdi gianT r6i ngtit.
a) Sau bao lau kd nl khi ngut K, ddng diin qua
bdng K/ ..1

t-tt
so': R = 0,3nt, V,, = 2mls, k = 0,3.
I._L
-- -I- tr IJ
-El
| -+_
I
Ldi giii. Gi6 sii 6 jD
thdi didm r van tdc +"
ctra vbng ta v ftruong IJ

tidp tuydn v6i vdnh).

C{c luc ti{c dung l6n c'udn cdm dat gid tri crc dai, bi1i gid rri cqc' dqi
c16 gap 2 ldn cudng dd ddng di€n lilc bdt ddu
vdng li : trong lqc P,
ngdt kh6a K ?
luc ma s6t r;, huong
b)Vd dd thi su phu thudc cudng dO ddng dien
ngudc vdr v va pnan qua cudn ctim theo thdi gian. Lai thdi Llii'ttt
cua vinh, F
h1c F t = 0 ld lilc ngdt K.
gdm
thhnh phdn : 2 Ldi giii. a) Trong thdi gian I (K d6ng) ddng
di6n qua cudn cim L tdng tuydn tinh theo thdi
Nzhhuong vio tdm d6ng vai trd luc hu6ng tdm gian v) lfc ng6t K n6 c6 gi6 tri 1. n0n
neI
VA cAn bang vdi trong lqc F. Ap dgng dinh II
E = 'ol (l). Lric , = 0, dbng di6n qua cuOn cim

*=-r*, (D,*=Nr,
T
ludt Newton ta c6
ld /", di0n tfch cira tu diOn ld, qo= EC, uou> 0
nOn didt D bi d6ng : trong mach LC b5t ddu c6
N, -P=0vh
I
/, dab dQng diOn tt v6i tdn sd g5c rrl = ......- VOIO
't V'
F^r=kl!= ft Nl +Nl =6n o: -l- Jrc
Rz c6: 4=Q,,sin(rrlf+g) ; it -- -q'= -aQocos(ro+9)
dv v6i orQ. = 21" (theo dd bai).
Dti
- 'fr rane
'dt -dv 'ds
dsdt
=L,' Phuong tr'inh
ds BiQt fiic t = 0, Q = Q"sin<p = Qo = EC vir it.= Iu
(1) dugc vidt lai nhu sau
::1* (2)
:

/, = -2/ocos<p. Suy ra q =
dv 't U' J
mv_-_km o- -l-
Mat kh6c hic i1 dqt cuc dai la c6 :
ds R. tG

23
 \HONG TIN HOAT DONG KHOA HOC

HOr NGHI ToAN qudc LAx rHr s-r

HOr NGHI KHOA HQC 15 NAM
sBrrtir.rln GIAI ricH'DA.I sd vd xAc suAr - ru6uc rB
Nedv ll vh 12 th6ng 5 nam 2005 tai Thi trdn Trong ba ngdy 12-141512005 t?i.Ba. I' H+
ru,riSao tinh Vlnh pfirc aa tidn h]rnh Hoi ngh! fau aa'ai6n tu"fiqi nghi tohn quoc ldn thri ba v0
irt, ,uo't -Th6'ng k€-: Nghiin ctru' \8 /yng vd
k[;; G ii na* Seminar Gidi ttch - Dai s6'do
,ii, aou" . Hoi nehi duoc dong td chrlc boi
ii*Onn'DH Khoa hoc Tu nhi0n Hh NQi, HQi - DHQG
i;;; fr; na Noi va 36 ciao duc - Dho c6c tao tinh Vie,j'r"dn hoc virlrudng DHKHTN
Vfntr pl,U. ddng td chrlc. Ddn nhd Ha NOi. Tdi du hoi nghi c6 CS. TIKI
Trdn van
4q:-o eq Ciao duc & Dho tao' c6c
,"a" fr*'thuoc Trudng DHKHTN He NQi' Nt un*, Thf truong
-Vi6n
Zdc
5H So pham'Hh NQi. DH-Bdch Khoa. Ha Noi' niao "iuthu6c Toiin hgc, Truong
DH Thiy'Lgi Hd NOi, Vien{orilh.oc V-i-t Birftnnt - DHQG He Noi, Hoi ro6n hoc viet
Nu*, ffq" uign Ngan hhng' Ban'luOt To6n,NXB ftam, Hoi Gg dung To6n hoc Viot Nam"'
Gi6o duc, Tap chi Todn hoc v2t tre' cac Srine 12105/2005 PGS. TSKH Nguyen D)nh
nlao ,ldn'foiln thuOc c6c So vh trudng cla cdc Con!"tnay mat Ban td chfc ktrai mac hoi
iintt Vrnt Phric, Phri Tho, Tuy0n Quang, Y€n nnf,ilTiOpiheo'li cric bdi ph6t bidu chric mimg
iiii, na NOi cdc nghien crlu sinh... O-1e ![0 cnu tr6i ngi,i'cua GS. TSKH Trdn Vin Nhung, GS'
ti"t ii"t Vinh Phri-c vd 16nh dao Sd GD-DT Vinh i3rri na uuy Kho6i, GS.rs Neuvgl Hi,
9yi nghi
itrfc aa ddn chfc mirng. GS. TSKH Nguy0n Van CtiOu l}l}sli}Os phien hop tohn thd.hoi
ir4ar. Eie, truc,ns fnlong DHKHTN HN. Chu Ja nnte vir itr6o lu^an cdc biio crio mdi ctra GS'
;i;i,* H;i'i;n r,3. Ha N=oi oa doc b6o c6o vd Neuien B6c Vrn, GS. TSKH Nguvon Yll ft''
.ira ttl"ft hoat dong vh nhtng thinh tuu co bin i6Sl tsrH D4ne Hirng Th6ng' PGS'HOi
-f.fgryo,
TS
.'itu S"*inur Giiilictr - Dai s6 qua 15 nam' Hfu Du...ITrong nghy.13/5/2005
G;;;;tt d5 thu hrit duoc sgDH, q-u-an tam cira
Hgc viQn,
nniinst" cdc b6o c6o v"}r ttiao tuan o ciic tidu
cac nna todn hoc & nhidu trudng gid
Uin'ii" suat vir Thdng k0. Dac biet ddu
;; ;q;; khoa hoc dang nghien crlu.vd c6c
ur8i ngity 13151i005, HQi.nghi da long
n;h;uJ;itu ciai tiitr, Dai-s-d vi qua d6 nhidu td cfrf[ iintr nhdt ldn thrl 70 cta GS'
trq.g"nieu
cfu sinh dd bio ve thanh cOng luan 6n Nlr"ucn B6c Van, nguOi tndy ddu tien crla
""tiieri
ii"An ri. Mot so nhh to6n hoc dd thdng.b"rio cric ng-a,in Xic suar - Thong k9 Ylel Nam' Sang
tet qui nehiOn cuu. H6i nghi cflng dd th6o luAn lZiitzoos c6c thhnh vien du. Hoi. nghi da di
*ot'i.; ufn Oe vd giing diy Giii tich,.D4i so o tt u* qrun Ddn thd B6c Hd, Ddn thd Th6nh Tin
tniong phd ttrong cflng nhu viec bdi dudng Vi€n'
chuy0n mOn cho cdc gi6o vien phd tnu'*'U.r. DANG THANH HAI

( dien c5 tri so khong ddi, chay qua di6t vh cuOn

i, =21"= -21,cos[rorr *T2n\ do d6 cim. Dd tiri i.(r) c6 dang nhu tr€n hinh v6'
HTIAX ), Nhin x6t. C6c ban c6 ldi giii vi d6p sd dring :
2n
OII +- = ll ) ,, =
n
=nJrc G) Bic Ninh : Nguy6n Minh Ctdng, Nguyen Xucin-Nam'
3r=J, " N;;yb, Cang":iid"g,11 Lf, THm chuv€n B6c Ninh ;
:t, l,i'ni pn,f" Ngd viet c,rong' Nguytn Ng9c. Hung'
p'ri, Aii gr,in,''llA31 TI-IPT ihuven Vinh. Phric. ; Pht
(l) vh (3) tim duoc : ,, =
TU
Tf Tho: 7rl Unn f ie",10 Li, THm chuy€n Hirng Vuong ;
n:li Cione z Nguydn Dt?c Todn, l0 chuyOl Li' THft
N;; si l-i]cn : ftni Phbng : Pham Tudit Hiap, tl Li'
b) Khi ,, $' thi q - O, u'os= 0 : dbns rfirr Nf Trdn Ph( ; Thii Nguycn : Ngd Thu Hd' ll
i?,inrr Th6i Nguycn I Tiiln Giang : TrdnThi
ui- pt u*n. iz tt, rraone uuinn Pham Tdn, Li'
"rrryen ll
ffiff Titin Ciang. Nguyin Vinh Phtic' l2Al8'
iiii,r "trye,
ct s ceo ; Hii ouong z Mac Trun7 H-w,.l2A)'
inyr ririr. von, u Hodng Dfing,l I L(, THPT Nguy€n
i;at Q;i;s Ngii: ra ruakiat, ir4?'I1T Drlc Phd I;
nit,
' , farig Hing,l I L(' THPI chuyOn Hh
Ha Quang
Tinh'
MAI ANH

24
 TH)NG TtN HOAT
CUOC THI OLYMPIC SINGAPORE
Mo RoNG TAI VIET NAI\,{ (Ss,rO 2oos)
Nghy 26.4.2005 Hgi Toi{n hoc Singapore dd
mdi HOi Todn hoc He NQi tham gia ki thi SMO
2005. C6 hhng nghin hoc sinh Singapore vh c6c
nudc D0ng Nam A tham gia k) thi niy. Hdi
Todn hoc He Ndi vh 56 Gi6o duc - Dho tao Hd
Noi da phoi hqp l6p danh siich d6i tuydn vd n6t
mdi cua cuOc thi nim nay ld c6 th6m hoc sinh
tinh Vinh Phfc tham gia. Ngiy 9.5.2005 danh
srich thi sinh dd gui sang Singapore.
Sring 31.5.2005 tai HQi trudng L0 Van Thi6m,
thu6c Trudng Dai hoc Khoa hoc Tu nhiOn, 19
L0 Thdnh TOng, Hd NQi da di6n ra cudc thi
Olympic Singapore 2005 dinh cho hoc sinh
Vi6t Nam. Cuoc thi do HOi Toiin hoc He NOi
phdi hop vdi Sd Girio duc - Dho tao He Ndi, Sd
Gi6o duc - Dho tao VInh Phric td chric du6i su
biio tro ctia trudng Dai hoc Khoa hoc Tu nhi€n
HN , Du 6n dua Tin hoc vio nhd trudng cria
Khoa To6n Tin trudng Dai hoc B6ch Khoa Hd
NOi. Day lh ldn thrt hai Vi6t Nam tham gia cuOc
thi SMO. C6 2A hoc sinh du thi & ltla tudi Junior
(sinh tit 02.01.1991) thu6c c6c trudng THCS
Trung Vuong, Ngd Sr Li6n, He NQi
Amsterdam, Nguy0n SiCu (Hh N6i), VInh YOn,
LAp Thach, Y0n Lac, Hai Bd Tnmg (Wnh Phric)
vi 19 hoc sinh tham gia 6 hl'a tudi Senior (sinh
ti 02.01.1989) thu6c c6c trudng THPI Chu Van
An, Hi N6i - Amsterdam (He NOi), Xudn Hba,
chuydn V"inh Phric (Wnh Phric), THPT chuydn
ban Hung YOn.
TIEP TUYEN.. . gieb trang e)
Thi du -1. Tim nhfing didm trCn dudng thing
c6 phuong trinh y = x * 6 mi t[ d6 k6 duo. c 3
tidp tuydn ddn d6 thi (C) cua him so
J=x3-6i+lZx
Huong ddn gidi. Dua vio TC6. Nhrng didm
cdn tim thu6c dudng thing ! = x+ 6 vdi moi
x e (-oo, l) u (3; +oo).
Thi du 4. Chohim sd : y = x3 - 3?
Tim nhfrng didm khong thu6c dd thi (C) cria
hdm so trOn mi til d6 ke duo. c dring hai tidp
tuydn vudng g6c vdi nhau.
Hudng ddn gidi. Theo TC5, nhfrng didm M
cdn t)m li giao didm cia (D) vh (A), trong d6
(D) le tiep tuydn v6i (C) tai didm udn / ctia (C),
DoNe KHOA HQC
M6i khdithi ddu c6 35 bdi trong d6 l0 bii ddu
ti6n tri ldi tr6c nghiOm, 25 bei cdn lai vidt v6n tat
ldi giAi bang tidng Anh vh ghi d6p s6. Dd thi quy
dinh khdng duo. c sir dung mdy tinh. Khdng c6
hoc sinh nlo lim dugc hdt todn bo dd thi.
(Dd thi s€ in trong sd b6o sau).
VU KIM THUY
IT T'UAT THUdNG CI.]OC THI
sNto 2004
Chidu 11.5.2005 tai trudng THm Chu V[n
An, Hdi To6n hoc Ha N6i vi Sd Gi6o duc - Dho
tao Hi NQi da td chfc ph6t thuong cho hoc sinh
doat gi6i cuoc thi hoc sinh gi6i Olympic todn
Singapore 2004. D€n du c6 GS.TSKH Nguy0n
Van MAu, Chir tich HOi To6n hoc Hi N6i, 6ng
L0 Dinh LAp, Ph6 Gi6m ddc Sd Gi6o duc - Ddo
tao Hd N6i, c6c I3y vien Ban chap hinh H6i
To6n hoc He NOi, c6c Hi€u tru&ng trudng THPI
ehu V[n An, Hh NQi - Amsterdam, c6c trudng
THCS c6 hoc sinh tham gia, phu huynh c6c em
duo. c giii, Dii Truydn hinh Vi€t Nam vd Ddi
truydn hinh Hh NOi.
ThS Vfr Kim Thtry, Ph6 ban td chfc cu6c thi
da dg_c bi{o ci{o tdng kdt cu6c thi. GS.TSKH
Nguyen Van MAu, Ong LC Dinh Lip da ph6t
bi6u f kien. l9 em duo. c gi6i trong 2 khdi Junior
vd Senior dd du-o. c nh6n Bing ciia Singapore,
GiAy khen vi phdn thu&ng cria HOi To6n hoc
He Noi.
VTT
cdn (A) li duong thing vu6ng g6c v6i (D) vh
tidp xric v6i (C).
Luy6n t4p.Cho him sdy = i + lt codd thi (C)
l) Tim nhftng didm M thuOc dudng thing c6
PTy =x+ 3 mitird6
a) K6 du-o.c dring I tidp tuydn ddn dd thi (C)
b) K6 du-o. c dfing2 ti€p tuydn den dd thi (C)
c) KE du-o.c dring 3 tidp tuydn ddn dd thi (C)
3) Tim tAp hqp nhfrng didm mh tir d6 k6 duoc
dring hai tidp tuy6n ddn dd thi (C) vi hai tidp
tuydn d6 vudng g6c vdi nhau.
Dd ket thrtc bdi vi€i, xin luu y ban doc : cdc
tlnh chdt d bdi vi€i ndy mang tinh dinh huong
phmng phdp gidi, khi Sdp cdc hdm sd cu rhd
hodc didm M (x,,,yn) cho mrdc thi sd pfuii tinh
todn chi ti1? hon dd cd k1't ludn xdc ddng. Chtic
cdc ban thdnh cbng trong ki thi sdp tdi.
25
 . 1 nghy li thdi gian Tr6i ddt tu quay quanh
minh duoc I vdng.
o I nam li thdi gian Tr6i dat di du-o. c mOt
vdng quanh mat trdi. MOt nam gdn bang
365 ngdy.
. Co sd 10 cria h€ ddm xuAt ph6t tir hai bin
tay ngudi c6 l0 ng6n.
o 100'li nhi0t d0 s6i cua nudc (di6u kicn binh
thuong v6 6p sudt, tinh theo thang dO C)
Gidi ddp :
. 0" lh nhi6t dO tan cfia nudc dr{ tfc nudc 6
NHI.ING DON VI DO thd r6n.
nAr NcudN rucuOc sdNc . I bb 8?o (= 3009) lh dung tich ciia mdt 6ng
o foot (= l2inch = 30,5cm)^ld chidu dhi trung bo sfta bb khi dong ddy g?o(l suat an trua ctia I
binh mQt bdn chdn cira ngudi Au - M!. nOng dAn trudc ddy)
o inch (x 2,54cm) ld chi6u dii mdt ddt ng6n .I dtmdtphe (lPa) li 6p sudt khf quydn t6c
tay tr6. dung lN tron 1m2.
o yard (= 0,914m) ld chidu ddi tinh tit gita
tfc li ntla sAi
ngudi ddn mrit ddu ng6n tay gita
. lN li trong luc cira Tr6i ddt tdc dung lOn
tay ngudi. xdp xi 0,1kg khdi luong tao ra-
. sea mile (= l,852km) ld chidu dli m6t phrit o 1 pace (= I,6m) ld don vi do dQ dii bang 2
s6i bu6c chdn.
trOn dudng xich dao tfc vho khodng
. 1000 pace (= 2000 budc chAn) lh l dam trOn
+"-
chidu dhi dudng xich dao 40000km, thuirng goi ddt lidn (mile) (= l,609km).
ld dam bidn. Cbn nhfrng don vi do kh6c nfra b6t ngudn tU
. mOt thudc ta (x Q,{25m) li chi6u dii hai cu6c sdng.
gang tay ngudi chdu A. Ban Lai Kim Khdnh, lop 10A4, khdi THPI
. I giAy ld thdi gian mdt nhip d+p cira tim ngudi. chuy6n Dai hoc Vinh,Ngh€ An vi Trdn Vdn
Ngoc Httng 6', THCS Phan Thric Duyon, Di0n
. I gid c6 60 phrit, I phrit c6 60 giay. 60 Tho, Di0n Bin, Quing Nam c6 girli d6p tdt.
chfnh li sd lAn ddp trung binh cria tim trong mOt
h
l
phrit vdi ngudi kh6e manh. VU DO QUAN :
F

PROBLEMS IN THIS ISSUE... (ridp trang t5)

where a, b, c are positive real numbers, a < l, b) J3(cosA+cosB+cos C)+cotg(A I 2) +
knowing that it has four real roots.
T10/336. Calculate the sum of 2n terms :
+ cotg(B I 2)+ cotg(C I 2r.+
t= ' *...
f,r),,-14,,+...+(-r)k l.rt T121336. Let be given a tetrahedron ABCD.
+(-l)2'*r Take a point M in the interior of triangle ABC
*e:: and the points A', B', C' lying on DA, DB, DC
where Cl, are binomial coefficients. respectively so that MA', MB', MC' are parallel
respectively to the planes (DBC), (DCA),
Tfil336. Prove that for every triangle ABC, (DAB). Prove that the circumsphere of
we have : tetrahedron A'B'C'D passes through a fixed
a) cosA + cosB + cosC + cotgA + cotgB + point distinct from D when M moves in the
7-
:+J3 interior of triangle ABC.
cotsC >
"2

26
 vii
, t0n* 6
Chi trt mot ban tinh lai chua dring ti sd

%" Tsarrr

e**.d vsesco
.un lai ddu c6 ddp i4n dring. Nam ban

duo.c nhdn qud tang cua Tda ioan:Trinh Quo'c

Bdo,12A4, THm Hdng Quang, TP H6i Duong,
Hii Duong ; NguydnThiThuThily,llAl, khdi
PICT'T, DHSP Hn NQi ; Hodng Long, llBl,
THIrI N6ng C6ng I, Thanh Hda; Duong Minh
Tieh, llTL, THPI Nguy0n Binh Khi6m, Vinh
Kai qud bdi : Long; Nguydn Xudn Dat, 11A1, THPI Bti Thi
Xuan, Q.1, TP Hd Chi Minh.
NOn, rm NUA NGo... NGOC HIdN
(Tap chi THTT sd 330, thdng 12 ndm 2004)
PHUONG TRiNH
Rdt ddng c6c ban dd
nhAn x6t dfng ld ldi CO NGHIN,U OUY NHAT U ?
giAi bdi ro6n d5 nou 'Trong m6t cuon siich luy6n thi Dai hoc - Cao
trong so b6o 330 c6 hai dang c6 bhi todn :
"hat san"
Tim m dd phrong trinh (PT)
(- "Hat son" th* nhdi.
ln
Trong cAu a) vi6c lAp I + (x+l )') - -;::-- cd nghi€m duY nhdi.
trian al L HI, AK L KI, x'+x+l
A, H, 1, K cing nam Ldi gi6i trong cudn s6ch d6 nhu sau :
trOn m6t duong trbn l) chua chat ch6. R6 rlng Midn x5c dinh lh R.
chring ta cdn ph6i bd sung thdm viOc chrlng PT dd cho c6 dang
minh A, H, I, K ddng phing. That vQy vi I2(f +,r+l) -\(l+x+l)=p (l)
AH 1 mp(SBC) n€n AH L SC, mi SC J- A1, suy
ra SC I mp(AIH). Tuong tu SC J- mp(AK1). Tit Dir r= l+x+t= l,**l"l'*1 1
d6 bdn didm A, H, I, K ctng nam tr0n m6t
(2)44 =
phing qua A vu6ng gdc v6i SC tai 1. thinh 2f - t = m (2) (, >1) = PT
PT (1) tr6
"Hat sat" thrt hai.6 cau b) chring ta 4
dO nhdn
ban ddu c6 nghiOm duy nhdt khi trl (2) c6
vseux
ra he
' thrc =1.!4)[!r']fg)f{g)
vseaco \sAl\sB/(sci\sDl nghi€m duy nhdt vdi t > 1. Oa, y = 2f - t th\
4
kh6ng dfng! (ban d6 d5 vdn dung sai c6ng thrlc !'=4t-1,!'=0<>l=114.
vd sd thd tich cho g6c tf dicn) d6n ddn kdt
ti Ldp bing bien thi6n :
qui cudi cing sai. Ta sfra lai ldi gi6i cAu b) nhu
sau :

vsetrt (sa)(sa)( sl ) r3 2vsan r

ffi1*]t *Jt,-.1=- ffi=u(r)

t,saxt (sa)(sr)( sl ) !* 2v* =! ,2, T[ bing bidn thi6n trOn, dd IrI da cho c5
vsanc [sal(soJ(scl 6 Vserc 6., nghi0m duy nhdt thi rr > 3/8. Nhung khi t6i thft
m = 1 vdo PT dd cho thi thdy [rI d6 kh6ng c6
Tt (1), (2) c6 nghiOm duy nhdt ! Ban c6 thd gi6i thfch tai sao
lai nhu thd khong ? Ldi giii ctra ban nhu thd
Vseutx !. veutxoca nho?
vsmco =
6
ruu ru
vseurc
-. cAoxuANNAM
(G1/ THPT chuy4n Hd Giang, Hd Giang)

21
 xuir rtl Dat
a ??lrtq Rt
nAtt
sd-336 (6-2005)
7w ali 70/71, 3Q0 Tda soqn : 1878, pnd aidng V6, Hd N1.i
DT-Fax:04.5144272
tffaf/tmaf*,t, *ril E arril, l4aqn7i,,* Em ai I : toan hoctt@Yahoo. co m

TRONG SO NAY

Dinh cho Trung hoc Co s& - For Lower To6n hoc vh tldi s6ng - Mathematics
Secondary Schools and Life
Trd,n Xud.n Uy - Gihi nhfrng bdi tor4n NguydnVd.n Thi€m - Dinh lrrong srr bat
c5 bidu thrlc bdc hai cria hai bidn s6' thudng cria thi tnrdng.
Htt6ng d6n giii D6'thi tuydn sinh vio @ ,O ra ki niy - Problems in This Issue
l6p 10 Tnrdng Qu6'c hoc Hud nlm 2004' T1/336, ..., T12l 336, Ll, Lzl 336

Giai bni ki trudc - Solutions to Previous

@ Cnudn bi thi viro Dai hqc - University
Problems.
Entrance Preparation
Giii c6c bAi ctra s6 ggz.
Gifip bgn t\t 6n thi. Giii Dd 6n luYQn
sda @ Th6ng tin hoat dQng khoa hoc

@ NguyAn Nggc Khoa - Tidp tuydn cria dd CAu l4c bO - Math Club
thi hdm bAc ba
@
Sai ldm 6 dAu - Where's the Mistake
Kdt qui thi giii to6n bing mqv tinh b6 @
trii trl6n raplrri To6n hgc Tudi tr6 nem
hoc 2004-2005 Bia 2: Toin hoc mudn miu - Multifarious
Mathematics
Gl nm doc tim tbi - Reader's Contributions
- Lo Vd.n Thinh - VdcircviQc chrlng minh Bia i: Giiirthrrong Wolf v6 to6n hoc nim 2005
cdng thrlc sd tdt ch
phdn ho4ch cria
Bia 4: Gihi tri to6n hoc - Math Recreation
mOt tap hqp

DON DOC THrr S6 Slz (7.2oos)

o Phudng trinh b6c ba vb c6c h0 thrlc hinh hoc trong tam gi6c
. tfig dUng cira m6t ba't ding thrtr'c trong tam gi6c
o D6nB di6u chiec ki roi
o Tim c{c tri cria bidu thfc m}r c6c bi0n c6 didu ki6n rhng bu6c
. Ldi giii dgt mQt CuOc thi Xutin ra ild 'HA giii ildp
o Hu6ng ddn giii Dd thi tuydn sinh Dai hgc m6n Toiin nim 2005'

Mdi cdc b4n d4t mua tap chi THTT tai Buu di6n.
THTT
(!1 41 1?rumf, U)0 /?'Ut 1 0 *'t/C ?{q0'ylt4%t 2005
Giai thuong Wolf vd todn hoc nim nay d6 duoc trao cho GS. Gragory Morgilis o Dai hoc
Yale (Hoa K)) vi rrhfrng cl5ng g6p cia 6ng trong lrnh vuc Dai so, cu thd h L( thuyet dr\n
(Larrices theory) trong nta nh6m Lie don vI fi'ng dung cua n6 tron-e Li thuydt ergodic, Li thuyet
bidu dion, L( thuyet so, Td hop. Li thuyet d6 do;vd GS. Sergei I'Jot,ikot, o Dai hoc Maryland &
Vi6n VAt li Li thuyet Landau (\{at-xco-va, Nga) vi nhftng d6ng g6p co bin v]r tiOn phong doi
v6i linh vuc TOp6 - Dai so. \'i phAn. linh vuc to6n - lf, d[c bi0t k\ dua vio phuong ph6p Hinh
hoc - Dai s6.

G. .\lurgrlis sinh nam 1946 tai Nga, nhAn bzing TiSn si o Dai
hoc Qudc gia Mat-xco-va. Til nam 1991 li\rn viec tai Yale (Hoa
Ki r. \'oi khi ning t(nh toSn phi thudng, thong thao nhidu linh
ru; khic nhau ct-ia todn hoc, G. Margulis l)r m6t trong nhting nhh
toin h,r.' Ir-rn cur nua sau thd ki XX. Ngoiri giii rhuong WolI nAm
na\. cng di dinh duoc khd nhidu giiii thudng cao quy : Girii
thui.ns Fields n.im 1978 (day ctlng li nirm ra ddi Giiii thu&ng
\\-oit.. Hur chuor-e cua Colldge de France nilm l991, Giai thudng
HunbrlCt il99-ir. Ong la Vi0n si danh du Vi0n H)rn l0rn Klioa
hoc r i \ehe thurrt Hoa Ki ( 1991 ).

5e i'-?c'r,\,'.i^:r;i :inh nant 1936 tai

\ga. ;ha ons c[rnc 1r\ nrot nhl\ toiin
hoc noi tiin-c \Petr Sergeerit'lt
,\'olil'or'). S. A/oliAol hoc Dai hoc
Gregory Margulis
Qu6c gia d Mat-xco-va, nhAn biing
Ti€h sl ve toiin hoc va vat lf d Vien
Toiin hoc Steklov Mat-xco-va. Nain
1972,6ng l) ngutri dfng d{iu PhAn viOn ToSn hoc tai Vi€n Vat li
li thuyet ddng thdi gif nhidu chtlc vu quan trong kh6c d nhidu td
chfc nghiOn cfu vh c6c trudng Dai hoc & Nga. Theo H6i ddng
trao Giii thu6ng Wolf nim nay, S. Novikov lh m6t nh) todn hoc
da tiri vi di c6 nhfng d6ng g6p dac bi6t cho hai l]nh vr,rc lI T6p6
vi VAt li to6n. Ong dua ra nhidu y tu&ng rat sau sac dd giii quyet
nhfing vdn dd h6c bria trong VAt li hoc, liLm cho c6c nhh todn hoc
vi cdc nhi vAt li ddu th6n phuc. Cfrng giong G. Margulis, Sergei Novikov
S.Novikov di duoc nhAn Giai thu6'ng Fields (1970). Ong li thdnh
vi€n Hoi To6n hoc London (1987), Vi0n si Vi6n Hin lam Khoa
hoc Quoc gia Hoa Ky tt994), Tien si danh du cdc Trudng Dai
hoc Athens vd Dai hoc Tel Aviv, ...

GiAi thu&ng Wolf nam 2005 da duoc Tdng thdng lsrael Moshe Katsav trao theo mdt nghi l€
dirc biet tai H6i ddng Lap ph6p Israel & Jerusalem thdng 5/2005.

Circ ban c6 thd xem them vd, Gidi thudng Wolf tr€n THTT so 289 thdng7 .2001.
NGUYEN PHUC
(T he o http :II www.ddt oanhoc'.ne t)
 TAO HINH CHU GAU
Khdnh c5 mOt tam bia
hinh vuOng r')r da c6t mien-s
bia thhnh ba mAnh r6i gh6P
thdnh hinh mot chrl gau (c6
cing diOn tich vdi tam bia
hinh vuOng) nhu hlnh b€n.
Ban c5 bidt Khdnh dd cit vi
gh6p hinh chri gau d5 nhu
the ndo kh6ng ? Ban haY
trinh bhy hai crich c6t gh6P
h'inh nhu the.
HOANG QUANG KY
(125 Trdn CaoVdn, Quy Nhrtn, Binh Dinh)
Gidi ddp bdi :
TiM DUONG ONG BAY
Khoanh cdc clry hoa thhnh 12 nh6m. Trong
mdt nh6m, ong c6 thd bay hohn toin theo doan
bay da dd, di ttr cAy no ddn cAy kia.
Ti' nh6m n)ry sang nh6m gdn nhat thi ong
phAi bay quamOt doan baY kh6.
'H
Muon c6 it doan bay khd thi cdn qua it n:inr
nhat. Ro rhng qudng dudng b6t ddu tu nhom .-r
den ciic nh6m B, C, D r6i ket thfc o nh6m E- S1
doan bay khd it ohdt ld 4 doan.
C67 c6ch dd ong bay tir hoa H den.to T. Tren
hinh dd v6 m6t c6ch c6 dudng bay ngAn nhit "ii
4 doan bay kh6.
Nhin x6t. C6c ban sau dudc quir tang cu3 ica
soan : Ngaydn Manh NhAi,11A1, THPT Thurn
Thdnh 1, Bic Ninh, Phant Ddng Hcii. llC.
THFrf Hing Vuong, Phri Tho,Vfr H6ngTt',in.
11A, THFrI cfiuyen LY, DHKHTN - DHQG Hn
Ndi, Nguydz ltodng Chtrrtng, 8A 1, THPT Ting
Bat Hd, Hohi Nhon, Binh Dinh.
(MOt ban c6 ldi giii t6t nhung qu€n ghi ten r.
vu Do QU.{\

I'HONG gAO
Trt thang 7.2e105 Tap chi roan hoc va T,;di tr6 s6 tdng them 4 tran3 ruct i'a rn
gidy tr*rrg hon. Gi6 bAn 16 ia 4000 ddng m6i so'
.'ia
Xin moi ban doc ddt mua tai c6c Cong ty Sach - l-hiet bi trrrong he'rc cac dai li
Br-fu dien quan, huydn, tinh, thanh trong ci ndoc.
l Ill1'

ISSN:0866-8035 Chd bhn tai Tba soan

Chi s0 : 12884 In Qi COng ty CP in DiOn H6ng, 1878 Gihng Vo Gi6:3500 tl6ng
In xong vh nQp lm chi6u th6ng 6 nim 2005 Ba nghin nlm trlm tlbng
M6 s6 : 8llT38M5