Learning Goals

• To understand how to use the breadboard

• To calculate the required limiting resistance in a simple
circuit
• To specify a resistor code
• Write a basic Arduino sketch
The breadboard
LED Forward voltages
Resistor code

Green, blue, orange, gold

orange, orange, white, black, brown

Brown, orange, black, black, brown

 Exercise/Experiment No. 1
A. Given the circuits in the figure. Calculate the resistance, specify the
resistor code, and connect the circuit in the breadboard.

A. B.

R=? R=?
I = 20 mA I = 20 mA
Batt Batt
12V I = 20 mA 16V I = 20 mA
LED: Blue
LED: Red
Exercise/Experiment
C.

Batt R1 = ? R2 = ?
24V I = 20 mA

LED: Blue
LED: Yellow
1. Calculation 3. Wiring

R=?

Batt
I = 20 mA
12V

2. Resistor code
 1. Calculation 3. Wiring

R1 R2

Batt R1 = ? R2 = ?
24V I = 20 mA

LED: Blue
LED: Yellow

2. Resistor code

R1
1. Calculation 3. Wiring

R=? I = 20 mA
I = 20 mA
Batt
16V I = 20 mA
LED: Red

2. Resistor code
B. Write a sketch that would first make an red LED and yellow LED blink
for the number of times equal to the month and date of your birthday.
Use FOR loop red LED and WHILE loop for yellow LED