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The Complete

7 Fractions
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 SECTION 1
UNIT 1  Types of Fractions
There are three different types of fractions.
1. Proper fractions: A proper fraction is a fraction in
which the numerator is less than the denominator.
2 4 1 5 3
For example 3 , 5 , 7 , 8 , 11

2. Improper fractions: An improper fraction is a fraction in which the numerator is equal to

or greater than the denominator. Whole numbers are also improper fractions.
4 9 7 19 61 10 12 5
For example 3, 5, 2, 4 , 7 , 1 (10) , 3 (4), 5 (1)
numerator
3. Mixed numbers: A mixed number has a whole
number and a proper fraction part. 3 vinculum

2 1 2 9 1
For example 3 5 , 5 3 , 9 7 , 6 11 , 7 9 7
denominator

State whether the following fractions are proper (P), improper (I) or mixed numbers (MN).

2 5 6 8
1 2 4 _________
3 _________ 3 7 _________
4 3 _________

1 5 1 6
5 2 4 _________
6 11 _________
7 3 8 _________
8 19 _________

2 8 2 2
9 10 5 _________
7 _________ 11 3 5 _________
12 6 3 _________

5 1
13 8 _________
14 3 _________
15 13 _________
16 1 2 _________

5 9 5 1
17 9 _________
18 23 _________
19 4 8 _________
20 3 2 _________

1 9 6 12
21 2 7 _________
22 2 _________
23 13 _________
24 5 _________

2 3 1 6
25 13 _________
26 3 4 _________
27 5 2 _________
28 17 _________
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

9 1
29 10 _________
30 12 _________
31 6 3 _________
32 5 _________

2 3 18 23
33 6 5 _________
34 16 _________
35 7 _________
36 5 _________

5 3 21
37 6 6 _________
38 8 _________
39 7 _________
40 13 _________

2 15 8 2
41 3 9 _________
42 7 _________
43 27 _________
44 5 11 _________

Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7 5

 UNIT 2  Changing Improper Fractions to Mixed Numbers

Improper fractions can be easily changed to mixed numbers.

Example: Change the following improper fractions to mixed numbers.

9 12 19 65
(a) 4 (b)
5 (c)
3 (d)
7

Solution:
9 12 19 65
(a) 4
= 9  4 (b) 5
= 12  5 (c) 3
= 19  3 (d) 7
= 65  7
1 2 1 2
= 2 4 = 25 =63 =97

Change the following improper fractions to mixed numbers.

3 5 7 9
1 2 = _________ 2 2 = _________ 3 2 = _________ 4 2 = _________

4 5 7 11
5 3 = _________ 6 3 = _________ 7 3 = _________ 8 3 = _________

7 9 11 13
9 4 = _________ 10 4 = _________ 11 4 = _________ 12 4 = _________

8 9 11 13
13 5 = _________ 14 5 = _________ 15 5 = _________ 16 5 = _________

25 19 27 34
17 2 = _________ 18 5 = _________ 19 4 = _________ 20 5 = _________

13 28 19 17
21 6 = _________ 22 3 = _________ 23 9 = _________ 24 5 = _________

36 39 28 37
25 7 = _________ 26 9 = _________ 27 5 = _________ 28 5 = _________

61 35 57 75
29 8 = _________ 30 9 = _________ 31 6 = _________ 32 7 = _________

32 83 65 48
33 7 = _________ 34 12 = _________ 35 9 = _________ 36 11 = _________

89 93 86 97
37 11 = _________ 38 6 = _________ 39 9 = _________ 40 12 = _________
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

In a fraction
the top part is called the numerator
and the bottom part
is called the denominator.

6 Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7

UNIT 3  Changing Mixed Numbers to Improper Fractions
When the
numerator is greater
Mixed numbers can be easily changed to improper fractions. than the denominator,
it is called an
improper fraction.
Example: Change the following mixed numbers to improper fractions.
2 5 3
(a) 1 3 (b) 2 7 (c) 5 4

Solution:
2 3 2 5 14 5 3 20 3
(a) 1 3 = 3 + 3 (b) 2 7 = 7 + 7 (c) 5 4 = 4 + 4
3+2 14 + 5 20 + 3
= 3 = 7
= 4

= 53 = 19
7
= 23
4

But there is a quicker way to work it out.

Multiply the denominator with the whole number and add the numerator.
  
2 31+2 5 72+5 3 45+3
(a) 1 = (b) 2 = (c) 5 =
 3 3  7 7  4 4
3+2 14 + 5 20 + 3
=
2
3
2= 7 = 2
4
5 19 23
=
2
3
2= 7 = 4
2

5 5 5

Change the following

5
mixed numbers to fractions.
5 5

 10  10  10

1 1 1 2
1 14 = _________
 10
2 15 = _________
 10
3 13 = _________
 10
4 1 7 = _________

1 3 1 3 1 3 1
5 2 2 = _________ 6 3 2 = _________ 7 4 2 = _________ 8 5 2 = _________
3 3 3

1 1 1 1
9 23 = _________
7
10 33 = _________
7
11 43 = _________
7
12 5 3 = _________

1 7 1 7 1 7 1
13 6 4 = _________ 14 7 4 = _________ 15 8 4 = _________ 16 9 4 = _________
9 9 9

2 1 1 1
17 37 = _________
9
18 54 = _________
9
19 85 = _________
9
20 6 9 = _________

3  11 3  11 1  11 2
21 8 4 = _________ 22 12 5 = _________ 23 17 2 = _________ 24 23 3 = _________
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

 11  11  11

2 2 1 1
25 13 3 = _________ 26 18 5 = _________ 27 24 3 = _________ 28 22 4 = _________

3 2 2 5
29 21 4 = _________ 30 16 3 = _________ 31 18 3 = _________ 32 15 6 = _________

2 1 3 1
33 14 3 = _________ 34 11 5 = _________ 35 25 4 = _________ 36 26 2 = _________

Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7 7

 UNIT 4  Simplifying Fractions (with Highest Common Factor 2 or 5)

A fraction is said to be in its simplest form when its numerator and denominator are as small
as possible.
To write the fraction in its simplest form, divide both the numerator and denominator by the highest
common factor (H.C.F.).
 

Example: Write the following fractions in their simplest

 form. 

4 10 5 2 15 2
(a) 6 (b)
 12 (c)
 10 (d)
20
2 2
Solution:
 

2 2 5 5
4 2
(a) 6
= 3
(b) 10
12
= 5
6
(c) 5
10
= 1
2
15
(d) 20 = 3
4
2 2 5 5

5 5  10  10

A proper fraction is when

5 5  10 the numerator 10 is smaller

than the denominator.

 10  10 3 3

 10  10 3 3

3 3 7 7

Write the following fractions in their simplest form.

3 3 7 7

2 6 8 12
1 4 = _________
7
2 8 = _________
7
3 10  9 = _________ 4  9 14 = _________
7 7 9 9
2 4 6 10
5 6 = _________
9
6 10 = _________
9
7 14  11 = _________ 8  11 14 = _________

2 2 4 6
9 8 = _________
9
10 12 = _________
9
11 14  11 = _________ 12
 11
16 = _________
 11  11
8 10 12 14
13 18 = _________
 11
14 24 = _________
 11
15 22 = _________ 16 26 = _________

16 20 28 42
17 22 = _________ 18 26 = _________ 19 30 = _________ 20 50 = _________

5 5 5 5
21 10 = _________ 22 15 = _________ 23 20 = _________ 24 25 = _________

10 20 30 40
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

25 15 = _________ 26 25 = _________ 27 35 = _________ 28 45 = _________

5 10 15 20
29 40 = _________ 30 25 = _________ 31 35 = _________ 32 45 = _________

25 30 35 40
33 30 = _________ 34 55 = _________ 35 40 = _________ 36 65 = _________

45 55 65 75
37 50 = _________ 38 60 = _________ 39 75 = _________ 40 85 = _________

8 Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7

UNIT 5  Simplifying Fractions (with Highest Common Factor 10)

A fraction is in its simplest form when its numerator and denominator are divided by their highest
   
common factor.
   

2 2 2 2

Example:
2
Write the following 2fractions in their simplest
2
form. 2

10 5 20 5 10 5 30 5
(a) 20 (b)
30 (c)
50 (d)
70

Solution:
5 5 5 5

 10  10  10  10
10 1
(a) 20 = 2
(b) 20
30
= 2
3
10
(c) 50 = 1
5
(d) 30
70
= 3
7
 10  10  10  10

3 3 3 3

3 3 3 3

7 7 7 7
Write the following fractions in their simplest form.
7 7 7 7

10 10 10 10
1 30 = _________
9 2 40 = _________
9 3 60 9 = _________ 4  9 70 = _________

20 9 20 9 20 9 9 30
5 50 = _________ 6 70 = _________ 7 90 = _________ 8 40 = _________
 11  11  11  11

30 30 30 30
9 50 = _________
 11 10 80 = _________
 11 11 100  11 = _________ 12
 11
110 = _________

10 20 30 40
13 80 = _________ 14 110 = _________ 15 130 = _________ 16 50 = _________

40 40 40 40
17 70 = _________ 18 90 = _________ 19 110 = _________ 20 130 = _________

50 50 50 50
21 60 = _________ 22 70 = _________ 23 80 = _________ 24 90 = _________

60 60 60 60
25 70 = _________ 26 110 = _________ 27 130 = _________ 28 170 = _________

70 70 70 70
29 80 = _________ 30 90 = _________ 31 100 = _________ 32 110 = _________

80 80 80 80
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

33 90 = _________ 34 110 = _________ 35 130 = _________ 36 150 = _________

90 90 90 90
37 100 = _________ 38 110 = _________ 39 130 = _________ 40 140 = _________

100 100 100 110

41 110 = _________ 42 130 = _________ 43 170 = _________ 44 120 = _________

Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7 9

 2


2 5

UNIT 6  Simplifying Fractions 2 5



(with Highest Common Factor an Odd Number)

2 5  10
A proper fraction is

in its simplest form
2 5  10
 when its numerator and
A fraction can be reduced to its simplestform if we divide both the denominator are as
2 5  10 3
small as possible.
numerator and the denominator by their highest common factor.
2 5  10 3

5  10 3 7

Example:
5 Write the following
 10fractions in their simplest
3
form. 7

3 7 9 11
(a) 6 (b)
 10
14 (c)
3
27 (d)
7
33
9

 10 3 7 9
Solution:
3 7 9  11
3 1 7 1 9 1 11 1
(a) 6 = 2 (b) 14 = 2 (c) 27 = 3 (d) 33 = 3
3 7 9  11

7 9  11

7 9  11

9  11

Write the following

9
fractions in their simplest
 11
form.

3 3 3 3
1 9 = _________
 11
2 12 = _________ 3 15 = _________ 4 18 = _________
 11
6 9 9 12
5 9 = _________ 6 12 = _________ 7 15 = _________ 8 21 = _________

7 7 7 7
9 21 = _________ 10 28 = _________ 11 35 = _________ 12 42 = _________

14 21 21 21
13 21 = _________ 14 35 = _________ 15 28 = _________ 16 49 = _________

9 9 9 9
17 18 = _________ 18 27 = _________ 19 36 = _________ 20 45 = _________

18 27 36 45
21 27 = _________ 22 36 = _________ 23 45 = _________ 24 54 = _________

11 11 11 11
25 22 = _________ 26 33 = _________ 27 44 = _________ 28 55 = _________

22 33 33 22
29 55 = _________ 30 55 = _________ 31 77 = _________ 32 99 = _________
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

15 25 35 15
33 35 = _________ 34 55 = _________ 35 75 = _________ 36 85 = _________

12 21 27 66
37 63 = _________ 38 77 = _________ 39 63 = _________ 40 77 = _________

42 54 99 30
41 49 = _________ 42 63 = _________ 43 110 = _________ 44 75 = _________

10 Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7

UNIT 7  Quick Questions
A mixed number has
a whole number and a
This unit of ‘Quick Questions’ is designed to make sure that you proper fraction part.
think fast and remain in touch with the previous work of the section.

Change the following improper fractions to mixed numbers.

3 5 4 5
1 2 = _________ 2 4 = _________ 3 3 = _________ 4 3 = _________

5 6 7 7
5 2 = _________ 6 5 = _________ 7 2 = _________ 8 3 = _________

7 7 7 8
9 4 = _________ 10 5 = _________ 11 6 = _________ 12 3 = _________

8 8 9 9
13 5 = _________ 14 7 = _________ 15 2 = _________ 16 4 = _________

Change the following mixed numbers to improper fractions.

1 1 1 1
17 1 2 = _________ 18 2 2 = _________ 19 3 2 = _________ 20 4 2 = _________

1 1 1 1
21 1 4 = _________ 22 2 4 = _________ 23 3 4 = _________ 24 4 4 = _________

2 2 2 2
25 2 3 = _________ 26 2 5 = _________ 27 2 7 = _________ 28 2 9 = _________

1 2 2 1
29 3 3 = _________ 30 4 3 = _________ 31 5 5 = _________ 32 6 2 = _________

Simplify the following fractions.

2 2 2 2
33 4 = _________ 34 6 = _________ 35 8 = _________ 36 10 = _________
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

3 6 9 12
37 6 = _________ 38 9 = _________ 39 12 = _________ 40 15 = _________

5 5 5 5
41 10 = _________ 42 25 = _________ 43 35 = _________ 44 55 = _________

10 10 20 30
45 20 = _________ 46 30 = _________ 47 30 = _________ 48 40 = _________

Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7 11

 UNIT 8  Stay in Touch

The unit ‘Stay In Touch’ is intended to keep you in touch with what you have done before.
It also ensures that all types of questions in this section receive constant revision.

State whether the following fractions are proper (P), improper (I) or mixed numbers (MN).

3 9 1 1
1 2 8 _________
7 _________ 3 2 2 _________
4 5 6 _________

2 18 23
5 6 11 _________
5 _________ 7 7 _________
8 19 _________

1 12 45
9 5 _________
10 7 2 _________
11 31 _________
12 29 _________

Change the following improper fractions to mixed numbers.

19 21 36 56
13 4 = _________ 14 5 = _________ 15 7 = _________ 16 9 = _________

38 62 25 33
17 7 = _________ 18 9 = _________ 19 8 = _________ 20 8 = _________

19 63 51 43
21 2 = _________ 22 8 = _________ 23 9 = _________ 24 8 = _________

Change the following mixed numbers to improper fractions.

2 1 2 3
25 11 3 = _________ 26 15 4 = _________ 27 16 3 = _________ 28 12 4 = _________

5 2 7 2
29 8 8 = _________ 30 9 3 = _________ 31 6 8 = _________ 32 15 3 = _________

1 1 1 1
33 16 2 = _________ 34 13 4 = _________ 35 23 4 = _________ 36 51 2 = _________

Simplify the following fractions.

© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

6 8 15 16
37 28 = _________ 38 26 = _________ 39 35 = _________ 40 40 = _________

12 18 28 32
41 42 = _________ 42 24 = _________ 43 49 = _________ 44 56 = _________

26 27 24 30
45 39 = _________ 46 72 = _________ 47 60 = _________ 48 110 = _________

12 Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7

SECTION 2
UNIT 11  Equivalent Fractions
Equivalent fractions have the same value and they represent the same number
1 2 3
but they have different numerators and denominators. For example, 3
= 6
= 9
have the same value even though they look different.

Example: Complete the following equivalent fractions.

1 2 1 4 2 6 3 18
(a) 2
= (b)
3
= (c)
5
= (d)
4
=

Solution:
2 4 6 18
(a) 21 
2
2
= 4
(b) 31 
4
4
= 12
(c) 52 
3
3
= 15
(d) 43  6
=
 6 24

Complete the following equivalent fractions.

1 3 1 2 1 5 1 3
1 2 = 2 3 = 3 4 = 4 5 =

2 6 2 10 2 8 2 12
5 3 = 6 5 = 7 3 = 8 5 =

3 6 3 9 3 12 3 6
9 4 = 10 5 = 11 7 = 12 8 =

1 7 2 12 4 20 6 42
13 2 = 14 3 = 15 5 = 16 7 =

8 24 5 25 3 27 2 16
17 9 = 18 7 = 19 7 = 20 9 =

3 12 2 10 5 15 3 18
21 10 = 22 9 = 23 9 = 24 8 =

1 11 1 12 1 14 1 15
25 2 = 26 3 = 27 4 = 28 5 =
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

3 12 4 12 5 20 6 30
29 7 = 30 9 = 31 11 = 32 7 =

2 10 3 18 5 35 6 18
33 9 = 34 7 = 35 13 = 36 11 =

3 12 7 35 2 6 13 39
37 13 = 38 15 = 39 19 = 40 15 =

Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7 15

 UNIT 12  Equivalent Fractions

In order to obtain equivalent fractions, multiply or divide the

numerator and denominator by the same number.

The bottom part

of the fraction is called the
denominator.

3 4 5

2
For example: 1 = 2 = 3 = 4 = 5
2 4 6 8 10
2
3 4 5

Complete the following equivalent fractions.

1 1 1 1
1 2 = 4
2 2 = 6
3 2 = 8
4 2 = 10
4 6  12
3
2
1 1 1 1 2
5 3 = 6
For example: 6 24 = 912 =
3 =
8
7 3= = 6 12 = 4 8 =
3 = 15
36 18 12 9 6 3
2
3 6  12
2 1 2 4 1
9 3 = 18 10 4 = 24 11 5 = 30
12 5 = 30

3 3 3 3
13 4 = 8 14 5 = 15 15 4 = 16 16 5 = 25

2 3 3 3
17 7 = 21 18 7 = 28 19 5 = 35 20 10 = 30

2 1 1 2
21 3 = 21 22 4 = 32 23 2 = 14 24 3 = 27

1 1 2 2
25 5 = 10 26 7 = 14 27 7 = 21 28 11 = 22
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

3 3 3 3
29 5 = 20 30 7 = 35 31 5 = 35 32 8 = 24

4 4 4 4
33 5 = 20 34 7 = 42 35 5 = 25 36 7 = 49

7 6 5 3
37 8 = 16 38 7 = 63 39 6 = 48 40 5 = 55

16 Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7

UNIT 13  Equivalent Fractions

Equivalent fractions represent the same number but have different numerators and denominators.
It is very easy to form an equivalent fraction. All we have to do is multiply or divide the numerator and
denominator by the same number.

Example: Complete the following equivalent fractions.

3 1 4
(a) 6
= (b)
12
= 1 (c) 6
15
= 2 (d)
15
25
= 3

Solution:
33 1 44 1 63 2 15  5 3
(a) 63
= 2
(b) 12 4
= 3
(c) 15 3
= 5
(d) 25 5
= 5

Complete the following equivalent fractions.

4 2 8 2 12 3 18 3
1 6 = 2 12 = 3 16 = 4 24 =

9 3 20 4 7 1 5 1
5 12 = 6 25 = 7 21 = 8 30 =

6 3 8 4 9 1 6 1
9 16 = 10 18 = 11 36 = 12 36 =

12 3 10 1 3 1 5 1
13 40 = 14 30 = 15 18 = 16 55 =

18 2 21 3 26 13 14 2
17 45 = 18 28 = 19 32 = 20 21 =

12 1 15 5 16 4 22 1
21 60 = 22 36 = 23 52 = 24 66 =

72 9 10 2 20 2 30 6
25 80 = 26 35 = 27 70 = 28 65 =
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

15 3 24 3 27 3 28 2
29 65 = 30 64 = 31 63 = 32 42 =

48 3 52 4 38 2 20 1
33 64 = 34 65 = 35 57 = 36 80 =

32 4 54 6 66 2 84 4
37 72 = 38 63 = 39 99 = 40 105 =

Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7 17

 3 4 5

2
For example: 1 = 2 = 3 = 4 = 5
2 4 6 8 10
UNIT 14  Equivalent Fractions
2
3 4 5

Equivalent fractions are formed when we mulitply or divide the numerator

and denominator by the same number. Equivalent fractions
have the same value
although they look
different.

4 6  12
3
2
For example: 24 = 12 = 8 = 6 = 4 = 2
36 18 12 9 6 3
2
3 4 6  12

Complete the following equivalent fractions.

20 16 18 20
1 24 = 6 2 36 = 9 3 24 = 4 4 28 = 7

6 5 14 9
5 18 = 3 6 35 = 7 7 21 = 3 8 36 = 4

8 8 10 20
9 16 = 2 10 26 = 13 11 30 = 3 12 45 = 9

25 32 28 36
13 45 = 9 14 60 = 15 15 42 = 3 16 63 = 7

80 63 64 52
17 90 = 9 18 72 = 8 19 72 = 9 20 65 = 5

99 66 18 25
21 110 = 10
22 99 = 3 23 54 = 3 24 35 = 7

30 60 28 33
25 40 = 4 26 96 = 8 27 36 = 9 28 55 = 5

42 24 26 24
29 56 = 4 30 28 = 7 31 39 = 3 32 40 = 5
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

24 32 36 18
33 60 = 5 34 48 = 3 35 81 = 9 36 46 = 23

12 8 10 28
37 40 = 10 38 28 = 7 39 25 = 5 40 80 = 20

22 84 34 38
41 77 = 7 42 96 = 8 43 36 = 18 44 50 = 25

18 Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7

UNIT 15  Comparing Fractions
The symbol  means
It is very easy to compare fractions when they have the same denominator. ‘is greater than’.
The numerator then shows which fraction is smaller or larger. The symbol  means
‘is less than’.

Example: Which is smaller?

3 1 6 2
(a) 4 or 4 (b)
7 or 7

Solution:
(a) Both the fractions have the (b) Both the fractions have the
same denominator and the same denominator and the
numerator 1 is less than 4. numerator 2 is less than 6.
1 3 2 6
 4  4  7  7

Use the correct sign  or  in between the fractions.

2 4 3 1 3 1 4 7
1 5 5 2 6 6 3 4 4 4 9 9

3 2 5 3 2 8 9 3
5 8 8 6 9 9 7 11 11 8 10 10

5 7 9 7 6 5 8 9
9 8 8 10 13 13 11 14 14 12 17 17

3 9 6 3 4 7 6 5
13 10 10 14 8 8 15 15 15 16 19 19

3 2 10 9 11 13 6 5
17 20 20 18 21 21 19 27 27 20 35 35

Arrange each set of fractions in ascending order (from the smallest to the largest).

3 1 2 4 1 3 3 1 2
21 4  , 4  , 4 ______________ 22 5  , 5  , 5 ______________ 23 7 , 7 , 7 ______________
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

8 6 2 7 2 3 5 2 7
24 9  , 9  , 9 ______________ 25 11  , 11  , 11 ______________ 26 13 , 13 , 13 ______________

8 3 2 6 11 3 8 1 2
27 21  , 21  , 21 ______________ 28 25  , 25  , 25 ______________ 29 17 , 17 , 17 ______________

6 2 5 8 3 1 9 3 1
30 15  , 15  , 15 ______________ 31 14  , 14  , 14 ______________ 32 13 , 13 , 13 ______________

9 5 1 2 3 1 7 2 5
33 26  , 26  , 26 ______________ 34 29  , 29  , 29 ______________ 35 31 , 31 , 31 ______________

Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7 19

 UNIT 16  Comparing Fractions

To find which fraction is smaller or larger, make the denominators the same and then compare
the numerators.

Example: Which is larger?

4 2 1 2 3 1
(a) 5 or 15 (b)
6 or 3 (c) 14 or 7

Solution:
43 12 1 22 3 1
(a) 5  3 or 15 (b) 6 or 3  2 (c) 14 or 7
12 2 1 4 3 12
15
or 15 6
or 6
14
or 7  2
12 2 4 1 3 2
 15  15  6  6  14 or 14
4 2 2 1 3 1
 5  15  3  6  14  7

To compare fractions,
make the denominators
the same.

Use the correct sign  or  in between the fractions.

1 3 5 2 7 1
1 2 4 2 6 3 3 8 4

4 2 6 3 2 1
4 9 3 5 15 5 6 9 3

3 7 7 2 3 1
7 20 10 8 10 5 9 14 2

3 3 2 1 5 3
10 8 4 11 15 3 12 12 4
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

2 2 4 7 2 1
13 9 3 14 9 18 15 13 26

5 2 6 5 3 2
16 7 14 17 11 22 18 10 5

20 Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7

UNIT 17  Comparing Fractions

To compare fractions with different denominators, we must change them to the same
denominator; this is called the Lowest Common Denominator or Lowest Common Multiple (L.C.M.).
The Lowest Common Denominator of two or more numbers is the smallest common number that can
be divided by all the denominators. For example:
• the Lowest Common Multiple of 2 and 3 is 6.
• the Lowest Common Multiple of 3, 4 and 8 is 24.
• the Lowest Common Multiple of 3, 4 and 5 is 60.

Example: Which is smaller?

1 1 2 3 4 2
(a) 2 or 3 (b)
15 or 10 (c) 9 or 5

Solution:
13 12 22 33 45 29
(a) 2  3 or 3  2 (b) 15  2 or 10  3 (c) 9  5 or 5  9
3 2 4 9 20 18
6 or 6 30 or 30
45 or 45
2 3 4 9 18 20
 6  6  30  30  45  45
1 1 2 3 2 4
 3  2  15  10  5
 9

Use the correct sign  or  in between the fractions.

1 2 3 2 2 5
1 3 5 2 4 7 3 3 8

5 3 3 2 8 2
4 6 5 5 10 3 6 12 15

3 2 4 3 1 2
7 8 5 8 7 5 9 2 3
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

3 4 7 8 3 8
10 4 5 11 8 9 12 5 9

2 3 1 3 5 3
13 15 4 14 5 11 15 6 10

Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7 21

 UNIT 18  Comparing Fractions

To compare fractions when they have different denominators, we should change them into equivalent
fractions with the same denominator.
Once the denominators are the same, the numerator shows which fraction is smaller or larger.

2 5
Example: Which fraction is larger, 3 or 6 ?

Solution: Since the denominators of the fraction are different, we should

22 4
change them into equivalent fractions with the same denominator. 32
= 6
4 5
Now 6 and 6 have the same denominator and the numerator 5 is greater than 4.
5 4
 6  6
5 2 If we multiply or divide the
 6  3 numerator and denominator
by the same number, equivalent
fractions are formed.

Use ,  or = to show comparisons between the following pairs of fractions.

1 1 1 1 2 3 2 4
1 2 3 2 3 4 3 3 4 4 3 5

5 5 3 1 4 3 6 3
5 6 8 6 6 2 7 5 15 8 8 4

13 3 9 3 2 6 12 4
9 15 5 10 10 5 11 3 9 12 15 5

25 1 6 2 6 5 9 3
13 100 5 14 8 3 15 7 14 16 10 5

3 2 5 3 3 7 4 3
17 6 3 18 6 4 19 5 10 20 6 5

Arrange each set of fractions in ascending order (from the smallest to the largest).
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

1 2 1 4 6 5 3 3 3
21 2  , 3  , 3 ______________ 22 5  , 7  , 6 ______________ 23 3  , 4  , 5 ______________

7 8 80 1 1 1 2 3 3
24 10  , 20  , 100 ______________ 25 5  , 3  , 8 ______________ 26 4  , 8  , 4 ______________

2 3 3 1 1 1 4 7 9
27 4  , 5  , 10 ______________ 28 3  , 6  , 9 ______________ 29 5  , 20  , 10 ______________

3 2 4 1 2 3 3 3 4
30 8  , 5  , 7 ______________ 31 4  , 5  , 7 ______________ 32 4  , 5  , 9 ______________

22 Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7

ANSWERS

UNIT 1 1 P 2 I 3 P 4 I 5 MN 6 P 7 MN 8 P 9 P 10 I 11 MN 12 MN 13 I 14 I 15 P 16 MN
17 P 18 P 19 MN 20 MN 21 MN 22 I 23 P 24 I 25 P 26 MN 27 MN 28 P 29 P 30 I 31 MN 32 I
33 MN 34 P 35 I 36 I 37 MN 38 P 39 I 40 I 41 MN 42 I 43 P 44 MN

1 1 1 1 1 2 1 2 3 1 3 1 3 4
UNIT 2 1 1 2 2 2 2 3 3 2 4 4 2 5 1 3 6 1 3 7 2 3 8 3 3 9 1 4 10 2 4 11 2 4 12 3 4 13 1 5 14 1 5
1 3 1 4 3 4 1 1 1 2 1 1 3 2
15 2 5 16 2 5 17 12 2 18 3 5 19 6 4 20 6 5 21 2 6 22 9 3 23 2 9 24 3 5 25 5 7 26 4 3 27 5 5 28 7 5
5 8 1 5 4 11 2 4 1 1 5 1
29 7 8 30 3 9 31 9 2 32 10 7 33 4 7 34 6 12 35 7 9 36 4 11 37 8 11 38 15 2 39 9 9 40 8 12

5 6 4 9 5 7 9 11 7 10 13 16 25 29 33
UNIT 3 14 25 33 47 52 62 72 8 2 9 3 10 3 11 3 12 3 13 4 14 4 15 4
37 23 21 41 55 35 63 35 71 41 92 73 89 87
16 4 17 7 18 4 19 5 20 9 21 4 22 5 23 2 24 3 25 3 26 5 27 3 28 4 29 4
50 56 95 44 56 103 53
30 3 31 3 32 6 33 3 34 5 35 4 36 2

1 3 4 6 1 2 3 5 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
UNIT 4 12 2 4 3 5 4 7 5 3 6 5 7 7 8 7 9 4 10 6 11 7 12 8 13 9 14 12 15 11 16 13
8 10 14 21 1 1 1 1 2 4 6 8 1 2 3 4
17 11 18 13 19 15 20 25 21 2 22 3 23 4 24 5 25 3 26 5 27 7 28 9 29 8 30 5 31 7 32 9
5 6 7 8 9 11 13 15
33 6 34 11 35 8 36 13 37 10 38 12 39 15 40 17

1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 1 2 3 4
UNIT 5 1 3 2 4 3 6 4 7 5 5 6 7 7 9 8 4 9 5 10 8 11 10 12 11 13 8 14 11 15 13 16 5
4 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 7
17 7 18 9 19 11 20 13 21 6 22 7 23 8 24 9 25 7 26 11 27 13 28 17 29 8 30 9 31 10 32 11
8 8 8 8 9 9 9 9 10 10 10 11
33 9 34 11 35 13 36 15 37 10 38 11 39 13 40 14 41 11 42 13 43 17 44 12

1 1 1 1 2 3 3 4 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 3
UNIT 6 1 3 2 4 3 5 4 6 5 3 6 4 7 5 8 7 9 3 10 4 11 5 12 6 13 3 14 5 15 4 16 7
1 1 1 1 2 3 4 5 1 1 1 1 2 3 3 2 3
17 2 18 3 19 4 20 5 21 3 22 4 23 5 24 6 25 2 26 3 27 4 28 5 29 5 30 5 31 7 32 9 33 7
5 7 3 4 3 3 6 6 6 9 2
34 11 35 15 36 17 37 21 38 11 39 7 40 7 41 7 42 7 43 10 44 5

1 1 1 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 1 2 3 1
UNIT 7 1 1 2 2 1 4 3 1 3 4 1 3 5 2 2 6 1 5 7 3 2 8 2 3 9 1 4 10 1 5 11 1 6 12 2 3 13 1 5 14 1 7
1 1 3 5 7 9 5 9 13 17 8 12 16 20 10 14
15 4 2 16 2 4 17 2 18 2 19 2 20 2 21 4 22 4 23 4 24 4 25 3 26 5 27 7 28 9 29 3 30 3
27 13 1 1 1 1 1 2 3 4 1 1 1 1 1 1
31 5 32 2 33 2 34 3 35 4 36 5 37 2 38 3 39 4 40 5 41 2 42 5 43 7 44 11 45 2 46 3
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

2 3
47 3 48 4

3 1 1 2 3
UNIT 8 1 P 2 I 3 MN 4 MN 5 P 6 I 7 I 8 I 9 I 10 MN 11 P 12 I 13 4 4 14 4 5 15 5 7 16 6 9 17 5 7
8 1 1 1 7 2 3 35 61 50 51 69 29 55 47
18 6 9 19 3 8 20 4 8 21 9 2 22 7 8 23 5 3 24 5 8 25 3 26 4 27 3 28 4 29 8 30 3 31 8 32 3
33 53 93 103 3 4 3 2 2 3 4 4 2 3 2 3
33 2 34 4 35 4 36 2 37 14 38 13 39 7 40 5 41 7 42 4 43 7 44 7 45 3 46 8 47 5 48 11

Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7 89

 UNIT 11 1 6 2 6 3 20 4 15 5 9 6 25 7 12 8 30 9 8 10 15 11 28 12 16 13 14 14 18
15 25 16 49 17 27 18 35 19 63 20 72 21 40 22 45 23 27 24 48 25 22 26 36 27 56 28 75
29 28 30 27 31 44 32 35 33 45 34 42 35 91 36 33 37 52 38 75 39 57 40 45

UNIT 12 1 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 5 2 6 3 7 4 8 5 9 12 10 6 11 12 12 6 13 6 14 9 15 12 16 15
17 6 18 12 19 21 20 9 21 14 22 8 23 7 24 18 25 2 26 2 27 6 28 4 29 12 30 15 31 21 32 9
33 16 34 24 35 20 36 28 37 14 38 54 39 40 40 33

UNIT 13 1 3 2 3 3 4 4 4 5 4 6 5 7 3 8 6 9 8 10 9 11 4 12 6 13 10 14 3 15 6 16 11
17 5 18 4 19 16 20 3 21 5 22 12 23 13 24 3 25 10 26 7 27 7 28 13 29 13 30 8 31 7 32 3
33 4 34 5 35 3 36 4 37 9 38 7 39 3 40 5

UNIT 14 1 5 2 4 3 3 4 5 5 1 6 1 7 2 8 1 9 1 10 4 11 1 12 4 13 5 14 8 15 2 16 4
17 8 18 7 19 8 20 4 21 9 22 2 23 1 24 5 25 3 26 5 27 7 28 3 29 3 30 6 31 2 32 3 33 2
34 2 35 4 36 9 37 3 38 2 39 2 40 7 41 2 42 7 43 17 44 19

UNIT 15 1 < 2 > 3 > 4 < 5 > 6 > 7 < 8 > 9 < 10 > 11 > 12 < 13 < 14 > 15 < 16 >
1 2 3 1 3 4 1 2 3 2 6 8 2 3 7 2 5 7
17 > 18 > 19 < 20 > 21 4  , 4  , 4 22 5  , 5  , 5 23 7  , 7  , 7 24 9  , 9  , 9 25 11  , 11  , 11 26 13  , 13  , 13
2 3 8 3 6 11 1 2 8 2 5 6 1 3 8 1 3 9 1 5 9
27 21  , 21  , 21 28 25  , 25  , 25 29 17  , 17  , 17 30 15  , 15  , 15 31 14  , 14  , 14 32 13  , 13  , 13 33 26  , 26  , 26
1 2 3 2 5 7
34 29  , 29  , 29 35 31  , 31  , 31

UNIT 16 1 < 2 > 3 > 4 < 5 < 6 < 7 < 8 > 9 < 10 < 11 < 12 < 13 < 14 > 15 > 16 >
17 > 18 <

UNIT 17 1 < 2 > 3 > 4 > 5 < 6 > 7 < 8 < 9 < 10 < 11 < 12 < 13 < 14 < 15 >

UNIT 18 1 > 2 > 3 < 4 < 5 > 6 = 7 > 8 = 9 > 10 > 11 = 12 = 13 > 14 > 15 > 16 > 17 <
1 1 2 4 5 6 3 3 3 8 7 80 1 1 1 3 2 3 3 2 3
18 > 19 < 20 > 21 3  , 2  , 3 22 5  , 6  , 7 23 5  , 4  , 3 24 20  , 10  , 100 25 8  , 5  , 3 26 8  , 4  , 4 27 10  , 4  , 5
1 1 1 7 4 9 3 2 4 1 2 3 4 3 3
28 9  , 6  , 3 29 20  , 5  , 10 30 8  , 5  , 7 31 4  , 5  , 7 32 9  , 5  , 4
© Pascal Press ISBN 978 1 74020 043 1

90 Essential Skills The Complete Fractions Workbook Year 7